Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of December 31, 2025, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s "disclosure controls and procedures" (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)). Based on that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2025.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f). The Company’s internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles.

Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting did not include the internal controls of Vandamme Hugaria Kft (Vandamme), which was acquired in the year ended December 31, 2025. In accordance with the SEC guidance regarding the reporting of internal control over financial reporting in connection with an acquisition, management may omit an assessment of an acquired business’ internal control over financial reporting from management’s assessment of internal control over financial reporting for a period not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition. Vandamme is included in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements and constituted 0.2% of total assets, after excluding goodwill and intangibles assets recorded, as of December 31, 2025, and 0.1% and 0.3% of revenues and net earnings attributable to controlling interests, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Under the supervision and with the participation of management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the Company’s management assessed the design and operating effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on the framework set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 Framework). Based on this assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting were effective as of December 31, 2025.

Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, has issued an attestation report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025. That report is included herein and is incorporated in this Item 9A by reference.

Remediation of Previously Disclosed Material Weakness in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

As previously disclosed, during the fourth quarter of 2023, in connection with the Company’s investigation relating to intersegment sales, the Company identified a material weakness in its internal control over financial reporting related to the Company’s accounting practices and procedures for segment disclosures. The material weakness resulted from inadequate controls that allowed for certain intersegment sales to be reported at amounts that were not in accordance with ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Specifically, the Company did not have adequate controls in place around measurement of certain intersegment sales between the Company’s reporting segments. In addition, appropriate controls were not in place for the reporting of intersegment sales and for the application of disclosure requirements within ASC 280, Segment Reporting. The absence of adequate controls with respect to the reporting of intersegment sales impacted the completeness and accuracy of the Company’s segment disclosures and review controls over projected financial information utilized in goodwill and other long-lived asset impairment tests.

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ARCHER-DANIELS-MIDLAND COMPANY

PART II

In response to the material weakness referred to above, under the oversight of the Audit Committee of the Company's Board of Directors, the Company implemented changes to its internal control over financial reporting, related to the Company’s accounting practices and procedures for intersegment sales and to enhance the reliability of its financial statements with respect to the pricing and reporting of such sales. Specifically, the Company (i) enhanced the Company’s procedures and accounting policies with respect to the measurement of intersegment sales and (ii) improved its documentation of the Company’s pricing guidelines for intersegment sales. In addition, the design and documentation of the execution of pricing and measurement controls for segment disclosure purposes and projected financial information used in impairment analyses were enhanced. Further, training for relevant personnel on the measurement of intersegment sales and application of relevant accounting guidance to intersegment sales and segment disclosures has been provided and continues to be an integral part of the Company’s on-going annual training program.

Based on evidence validating the operational effectiveness of the Company’s newly implemented controls, as previously disclosed, the Company concluded that the previously disclosed material weakness was fully remediated as of June 30, 2025. The operational effectiveness of these implemented controls has been tested effectively through the end of the fiscal year.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2025 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

As described above, during the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of Vandamme. As a result of the acquisition, the Company is in the process of reviewing the internal control structures of this business and, if necessary, will make appropriate changes as the Company incorporates its controls and procedures into the acquired business.