Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with the “Forward-Looking Statements” that follow and our Consolidated Financial Statements and Notes presented in Item 1. Our Management’s Discussion and Analysis should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 22, 2024 (“2023 10-K”), as well as our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K. References below to “Ameriprise Financial,” “Ameriprise,” the “Company,” “we,” “us,” and “our” refer to Ameriprise Financial, Inc. exclusively, to our entire family of companies, or to one or more of our subsidiaries.
Overview
Ameriprise Financial is a diversified financial services company with a nearly 130-year history of providing financial solutions. We are a long-standing leader in financial planning and advice with $1.4 trillion in assets under management and administration as of March 31, 2024. We offer a broad range of products and services designed to achieve individual and institutional clients’ financial objectives.
The products and services we provide retail clients and, to a lesser extent, institutional clients, are the primary source of our revenues and net income. Revenues and net income are significantly affected by investment performance and the total value and composition of assets we manage and administer for our retail and institutional clients as well as the distribution fees we receive from other companies. These factors, in turn, are largely determined by overall investment market performance and the depth and breadth of our individual client relationships.
We operate our business in the broader context of the macroeconomic forces around us, including the global and U.S. economies, changes in interest and inflation rates, financial market volatility, fluctuations in foreign exchange rates, geopolitical strain, pandemics, the competitive environment, client and customer activities and preferences, and the various regulatory and legislative developments. Financial markets and macroeconomic conditions have had and will continue to have a significant impact on our operating and performance results. In addition, the business, political and regulatory environments in which we operate are subject to elevated uncertainty and substantial, frequent change. Accordingly, we expect to continue focusing on our key strategic objectives and obtaining operational and strategic leverage from our core capabilities. The success of these and other strategies may be affected by the factors discussed in Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in our 2023 10-K and other factors as discussed herein.
Equity price, credit market and interest rate fluctuations can have a significant impact on our results of operations, primarily due to the effects they have on the asset management and other asset-based fees we earn, the values of market risk benefits and embedded derivatives associated with our variable annuities and the values of derivatives held to hedge these benefits and the “spread” income generated on our deposit products, fixed insurance, the fixed portion of variable annuities and variable insurance contracts and fixed deferred annuities. A higher (lower) interest rate environment may result in decreases (increases) to our long-duration contract reserves, which may impact our adjusted operating earnings after tax. For additional discussion on our interest rate risk, see Item 3. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”
We consolidate certain variable interest entities for which we provide asset management services. These entities are defined as consolidated investment entities (“CIEs”). While the consolidation of the CIEs impacts our balance sheet and income statement, our exposure to these entities is unchanged and there is no impact to the underlying business results. For further information on CIEs, see Note 4 to our Consolidated Financial Statements. The results of operations of the CIEs are reflected in the Corporate & Other segment. On a consolidated basis, the management fees we earn for the services we provide to the CIEs and the related general and administrative expenses are eliminated and the changes in the fair value of assets and liabilities related to the CIEs, primarily syndicated loans and debt, are reflected in Net investment income. We include the fees from these entities in the Management and financial advice fees line within our Asset Management segment.
While our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), management believes that adjusted operating earnings measures, which exclude net realized investment gains or losses, net of reinsurance accrual; the market impact on non-traditional long-duration products (including variable and fixed deferred annuity contracts and universal life (“UL”) insurance contracts), net of hedges and the reinsurance accrual; mean reversion related impacts (the impact on variable universal life (“VUL”) products for the difference between assumed and updated separate account investment performance on the reinsurance accrual and additional insurance benefit reserves); the market impact of hedges to offset interest rate and currency changes on unrealized gains or losses for certain investments; block transfer reinsurance transaction impact; gain or loss on disposal of a business that is not considered discontinued operations; integration and restructuring charges; income (loss) from discontinued operations; and the impact of consolidating CIEs, best reflect the underlying performance of our core operations and facilitate a more meaningful trend analysis.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
The market impact on non-traditional long-duration products includes changes in market risk benefits and embedded derivative values caused by changes in financial market conditions, net of changes in economic hedge values and unhedged items including the difference between assumed and actual underlying separate account investment performance, fixed income credit exposures, transaction costs and certain policyholder contract elections. The market impact also includes certain valuation adjustments made in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards Codification 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, including the impact on embedded derivative values of discounting projected benefits to reflect a current estimate of our life insurance subsidiary’s nonperformance spread.
In the first quarter of 2023, management introduced an adjusted capital measure (“Available Capital for Capital Adequacy”), which management believes best reflects the available capital resources of our core operations and facilitates a meaningful trend analysis. Available Capital for Capital Adequacy adjusts GAAP total equity and excludes accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”); goodwill and intangibles; RiverSource Life Insurance Company’s GAAP equity excluding AOCI; and includes RiverSource Life Insurance Company’s statutory total adjusted capital prepared in conformity with accounting practices prescribed or permitted by the State of Minnesota Department of Commerce; and other adjustments, primarily certain deferred tax balances.
Management uses these non-GAAP measures to evaluate our financial performance and available capital on a basis comparable to that used by some securities analysts and investors. Also, certain of these non-GAAP measures are taken into consideration, to varying degrees, for purposes of business planning and analysis and for certain compensation-related matters. Throughout our Management’s Discussion and Analysis, these non-GAAP measures are referred to as adjusted operating measures. These non-GAAP measures should not be viewed as a substitute for U.S. GAAP measures.
It is management’s priority to increase shareholder value over a multi-year horizon by achieving our on-average, over-time financial targets.
Our financial targets are:
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Adjusted operating earnings per diluted share growth of 12% to 15%, and
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Adjusted operating return on equity of over 30%.
The following table reconciles our GAAP measures to adjusted operating measures:
| Per Diluted Share | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 990 | $ | 417 | $ | 9.46 | $ | 3.79 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less Adjustments: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net realized investment gains (losses) (1) | — | 3 | — | 0.03 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Market impact on non-traditional long-duration products (1) | 140 | (475) | 1.34 | (4.32) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Integration/restructuring charges (1) | — | (10) | — | (0.09) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) attributable to CIEs | 1 | — | 0.01 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax effect of adjustments (2) | (29) | 101 | (0.28) | 0.92 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | $ | 878 | $ | 798 | $ | 8.39 | $ | 7.25 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares outstanding: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 102.8 | 107.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 104.6 | 110.0 |
(1) Pretax adjusted operating adjustments.
(2) Calculated using the statutory federal tax rate of 21%.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
The following table reconciles the trailing twelve months’ sum of net income to adjusted operating earnings and the five-point average of quarter-end equity to adjusted operating equity:
| Twelve Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 3,129 | $ | 2,741 | |||||||
| Less: Adjustments (1) | (62) | (266) | |||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | 3,191 | 3,007 | |||||||||
| Total Ameriprise Financial, Inc. shareholders’ equity | 4,331 | 4,032 | |||||||||
| Less: AOCI, net of tax | (2,174) | (2,037) | |||||||||
| Total Ameriprise Financial, Inc. shareholders’ equity, excluding AOCI | 6,505 | 6,069 | |||||||||
| Less: Equity impacts attributable to CIEs | (4) | (1) | |||||||||
| Adjusted operating equity | $ | 6,509 | $ | 6,070 |
| Return on equity, excluding AOCI | 48.1 | % | 45.2 | % | |||||||
| Adjusted operating return on equity, excluding AOCI (2) | 49.0 | % | 49.5 | % |
(1) Adjustments reflect the sum of after-tax net realized investment gains/losses, net of the reinsurance accrual; the market impact on non-traditional long-duration products (including variable and fixed deferred annuity contracts and UL insurance contracts), net of hedges and related reinsurance accrual; mean reversion related impacts; block transfer reinsurance transaction impacts; the market impact of hedges to offset interest rate and currency changes on unrealized gains or losses for certain investments; gain or loss on disposal of a business that is not considered discontinued operations; integration and restructuring charges; income (loss) from discontinued operations; and net income (loss) from consolidated investment entities. After-tax is calculated using the statutory tax rate of 21%.
(2) Adjusted operating return on equity, excluding AOCI is calculated using adjusted operating earnings in the numerator, and Ameriprise Financial shareholders’ equity, excluding AOCI and the impact of consolidating investment entities using a five-point average of quarter-end equity in the denominator. After-tax is calculated using the statutory tax rate of 21%.
The following table reconciles GAAP total equity to Available Capital for Capital Adequacy:
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Ameriprise Financial, Inc. GAAP total equity | $ | 4,879 | $ | 4,729 | |||||||
| Less: AOCI | (1,930) | (1,766) | |||||||||
| Ameriprise Financial, Inc. GAAP total equity, excluding AOCI | 6,809 | 6,495 | |||||||||
| Less: RiverSource Life Insurance Company GAAP equity, excluding AOCI | 2,017 | 1,851 | |||||||||
| Add: RiverSource Life Insurance Company statutory total adjusted capital | 2,637 | 3,093 | |||||||||
| Less: Goodwill and intangibles | 2,603 | 2,622 | |||||||||
| Add: Other adjustments | 309 | 303 | |||||||||
| Available Capital for Capital Adequacy | $ | 5,135 | $ | 5,418 |
Critical Accounting Estimates
The accounting and reporting policies that we use affect our Consolidated Financial Statements. Certain of our accounting and reporting policies are critical to an understanding of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition and, in some cases, the application of these policies can be significantly affected by the estimates, judgments and assumptions made by management during the preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements. These accounting policies are discussed in detail in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Critical Accounting Estimates” in our 2023 10-K.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
For information regarding recent accounting pronouncements and their expected impact on our future consolidated results of operations and financial condition, see Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Economic Environment
Global equity market conditions could materially affect our financial condition and results of operations. The following table presents relevant market indices:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S&P 500 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Daily average | 4,996 | 3,998 | 25% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Period end | 5,254 | 4,109 | 28% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted Equity Index (“WEI”) (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Daily average | 3,218 | 2,664 | 21% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Period end | 3,379 | 2,718 | 24% |
(1) Weighted Equity Index is an Ameriprise calculated proxy for equity market movements calculated using a weighted average of the S&P 500, Russell 2000, Russell Midcap and MSCI EAFE indices based on North America distributed equity assets.
See our segment results of operations discussion below for additional information on how changes in the economic environment have and may continue to impact our results. For further information regarding the impact of the economic environment on our results of operations and financial condition, and potentially material effects, see Part 1 - Item 1A “Risk Factors” of our 2023 10-K.
Assets Under Management and Administration
Assets under management (“AUM”) include external client assets for which we provide investment management services, such as the assets of the Columbia Threadneedle Investments funds, institutional clients and clients in our advisor platform held in wrap accounts as well as assets managed by sub-advisors selected by us. AUM also includes certain assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for which we provide investment management services and recognize management fees in our Asset Management segment, such as the assets of the general account and the variable product funds held in the separate accounts of our life insurance subsidiaries and CIEs.
Assets under administration (“AUA”) include assets for which we provide administrative services such as client assets invested in other companies’ products that we offer outside of our wrap accounts. These assets include those held in clients’ brokerage accounts. We generally record revenues received from administered assets as distribution fees. We do not exercise management discretion over these assets and do not earn a management fee. These assets are not reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. AUA also includes certain assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for which we do not provide investment management services and do not recognize management fees, such as investments in non-affiliated funds held in the separate accounts of our life insurance subsidiaries.
AUM and AUA do not include assets under advisement, for which we provide advisory services such as model portfolios but do not have full discretionary investment authority.
The following table presents detail regarding our AUM and AUA:
| March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets Under Management and Administration | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Advice & Wealth Management AUM | $ | 518.1 | $ | 431.4 | $ | 86.7 | 20 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Asset Management AUM | 652.1 | 607.7 | 44.4 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate AUM | 0.4 | 0.2 | 0.2 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Eliminations | (43.2) | (38.0) | (5.2) | (14) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets Under Management | 1,127.4 | 1,001.3 | 126.1 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets Under Administration | 297.5 | 234.3 | 63.2 | 27 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total AUM and AUA | $ | 1,424.9 | $ | 1,235.6 | $ | 189.3 | 15 | % |
NM Not Meaningful - variance equal to or greater than 100%.
Total AUM increased $126.1 billion, or 13%, to $1.1 trillion as of March 31, 2024 compared to $1.0 trillion as of March 31, 2023 due to an $86.7 billion increase in Advice & Wealth Management AUM driven by equity market appreciation and wrap account net inflows, and a $44.4 billion increase in Asset Management AUM primarily driven by equity market appreciation. Total AUA increased $63.2 billion, or 27%, to $297.5 billion as of March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily driven by equity market appreciation and an increase in third-party money market funds and brokered CDs. See our segment results of operations discussion below for additional information on changes in our AUM.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Consolidated Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
The following table presents our consolidated results of operations:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Management and financial advice fees | $ | 2,399 | $ | 2,137 | $ | 262 | 12 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution fees | 506 | 517 | (11) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | 901 | 698 | 203 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Premiums, policy and contract charges | 390 | 362 | 28 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenues | 129 | 131 | (2) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 4,325 | 3,845 | 480 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Banking and deposit interest expense | 179 | 103 | 76 | 74 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | 4,146 | 3,742 | 404 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution expenses | 1,419 | 1,226 | 193 | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest credited to fixed accounts | 132 | 164 | (32) | (20) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits, claims, losses and settlement expenses | 295 | 301 | (6) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Remeasurement (gains) losses of future policy benefit reserves | (4) | (5) | 1 | 20 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of market risk benefits | (18) | 489 | (507) | NM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred acquisition costs | 61 | 62 | (1) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and debt expense | 82 | 72 | 10 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expense | 960 | 937 | 23 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | 2,927 | 3,246 | (319) | (10) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Pretax income | 1,219 | 496 | 723 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax provision | 229 | 79 | 150 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 990 | $ | 417 | $ | 573 | NM | ||||||||||||||||
| NM Not Meaningful - variance equal to or greater than 100%. |
Overall
Pretax income increased $723 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period.
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The market impact on non-traditional long duration products (including variable and fixed deferred annuity contracts and UL insurance contracts), net of hedges and the reinsurance accrual was a benefit of $140 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to an expense of $475 million for the prior year period.
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A favorable impact from higher average equity markets compared to the prior year period. Our average WEI, which is a proxy for equity movements on AUM, increased 21% in the quarter compared to the prior year period. The average S&P 500 index was 25% higher in the quarter compared to the prior year period.
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A favorable impact from the trend in rising interest rates on the investment portfolio yield, along with higher balances in bank, certificate and structured variable annuities (“SVA”) products.
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An unfavorable impact from the cumulative impact of Asset Management net outflows.
Net Revenues
Management and financial advice fees increased $262 million, or 12%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period reflecting market appreciation and continued wrap account net inflows, partially offset by the cumulative impact of Asset Management net outflows.
Distribution fees decreased $11 million, or 2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period due to $76 million of lower fees on off-balance sheet brokerage cash due to a decrease in average balances, partially offset by strong transactional activity.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Net investment income increased $203 million, or 29%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting:
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The favorable impact of growth in Ameriprise Bank, FSB (“Ameriprise Bank”) customer deposits and certificate business as a result of the market environment along with higher average balances due to the growth in SVAs.
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The favorable impact of the trend in rising interest rates on the investment portfolio yield.
Premiums, policy and contract charges increased $28 million, or 8%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher sales of life contingent payout annuities.
Banking and deposit interest expense increased $76 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting higher average crediting rates and higher average volumes on certificates and Ameriprise Bank cash deposits.
Expenses
Distribution expenses increased $193 million, or 16%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting higher advisor compensation from higher average wrap account assets and increased transactional activity, as well as continued investments in recruiting experienced advisors.
Interest credited to fixed accounts decreased $32 million, or 20%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the following items:
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A $78 million decrease in expense from other market impacts on indexed universal life (“IUL”) benefits, net of hedges, which was a benefit of $32 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to an expense of $46 million for the prior year period. The decrease in expense was primarily due to an increase in the IUL embedded derivative in the prior period, which reflected less discounting due to lower Treasury rates, partially offset by lower option costs due to a lower new money rate.
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A $47 million increase in expense from the unhedged nonperformance credit spread risk adjustment on IUL benefits. The unfavorable impact of the nonperformance credit spread was $17 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to a favorable impact of $30 million for the prior year period.
Benefits, claims, losses and settlement expenses decreased $6 million, or 2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the following items:
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A $68 million decrease in expense from market impacts on SVA embedded derivative, net of hedges in place to offset those risks. This decrease was primarily the result of a favorable $421 million change in the market impact on derivatives hedging the SVA embedded derivative and an unfavorable $340 million change in the market impact on SVA embedded derivative. The main market driver contributing to these changes was the equity market impact on the SVA embedded derivative net of the impact on the corresponding hedge assets resulted in an lower expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period.
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Partially offset by the impact of higher sales of life contingent payout annuities and increased volume in SVAs.
Change in fair value of market risk benefits decreased $507 million, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the following items:
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A $520 million decrease in expense from market impacts on variable annuity guaranteed benefits, net of hedges in place to offset those risks. This decrease was the result of a favorable $1.3 billion change in the market impact on variable annuity guaranteed benefits reserves and an unfavorable $738 million change in the market impact on derivatives hedging the variable annuity guaranteed benefits. The main market drivers contributing to these changes are summarized below:
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Equity market impact on the variable annuity guaranteed benefits liability net of the impact on the corresponding hedge assets resulted in a higher benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period.
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Interest rate and bond impact on the variable annuity guaranteed benefits liability net of the impact on the corresponding hedge assets resulted in a benefit for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to an expense for the prior year period.
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Volatility impact on the variable annuity guaranteed benefits liability net of the impact on the corresponding hedge assets resulted in a higher expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period.
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Other unhedged items, including the difference between the assumed and actual underlying separate account investment performance, transaction costs and various behavioral items, were a higher net expense for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period.
Interest and debt expense increased $10 million, or 14%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the issuance of $750 million and $600 million of unsecured senior notes in March 2023 and November 2023, respectively, partially offset by the maturity of $750 million of unsecured senior notes in October 2023.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
General and administrative expense increased $23 million, or 2%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting higher volume related expenses and investments for business growth, an unfavorable change in the mark-to-market impact on share-based compensation due to share price appreciation, partially offset by higher one-time expenses in the prior year period.
Income Taxes
Our effective tax rate was 18.8% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to 15.9% for the prior year period. The increase in the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to higher pretax income and a decrease in foreign tax credits net of addback, partially offset by an increase in incentive compensation compared to the prior year period. See Note 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for additional discussion on income taxes.
Results of Operations by Segment for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2024 and 2023
The following table presents summary financial information by segment:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Advice & Wealth Management | |||||||||||
| Net revenues | $ | 2,560 | $ | 2,265 | |||||||
| Expenses | 1,798 | 1,572 | |||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | $ | 762 | $ | 693 | |||||||
| Asset Management | |||||||||||
| Net revenues | $ | 855 | $ | 799 | |||||||
| Expenses | 649 | 634 | |||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | $ | 206 | $ | 165 | |||||||
| Retirement & Protection Solutions | |||||||||||
| Net revenues | $ | 912 | $ | 824 | |||||||
| Expenses | 713 | 630 | |||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | $ | 199 | $ | 194 | |||||||
| Corporate & Other | |||||||||||
| Net revenues | $ | 121 | $ | 126 | |||||||
| Expenses | 210 | 200 | |||||||||
| Adjusted operating loss | $ | (89) | $ | (74) |
Advice & Wealth Management
The following table presents the changes in wrap account assets and average balances for the three months ended March 31:
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||
| Beginning balance | $ | 488.2 | $ | 412.1 | |||||||
| Net flows | 6.5 | 6.2 | |||||||||
| Market appreciation (depreciation) and other | 27.0 | 16.4 | |||||||||
| Ending balance | $ | 521.7 | $ | 434.7 | |||||||
| Advisory wrap account assets ending balance (1) | $ | 516.5 | $ | 430.1 | |||||||
| Average advisory wrap account assets (2) | $ | 490.7 | $ | 419.5 |
(1) Advisory wrap account assets represent those assets for which clients receive advisory services and are the primary driver of revenue earned on wrap accounts. Clients may hold non-advisory investments in their wrap accounts that do not incur an advisory fee.
(2) Average ending balances are calculated using an average of the prior period’s ending balance and all months in the current period excluding the most recent month for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, which is reflective of our billing cycle.
Ending wrap account assets increased $33.5 billion, or 7%, to $521.7 billion during the three months ended March 31, 2024 due to market appreciation and other of $27.0 billion and net inflows of $6.5 billion. Average advisory wrap account assets increased $71.2 billion, or 17%, compared to the prior year period reflecting market appreciation and net inflows.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
The following table presents the results of operations of our Advice & Wealth Management segment on an adjusted operating basis:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Management and financial advice fees | $ | 1,509 | $ | 1,299 | $ | 210 | 16 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution fees | 598 | 593 | 5 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | 560 | 409 | 151 | 37 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenues | 72 | 67 | 5 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 2,739 | 2,368 | 371 | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Banking and deposit interest expense | 179 | 103 | 76 | 74 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | 2,560 | 2,265 | 295 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution expenses | 1,369 | 1,173 | 196 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and debt expense | 9 | 7 | 2 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expense | 420 | 392 | 28 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | 1,798 | 1,572 | 226 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | $ | 762 | $ | 693 | $ | 69 | 10 | % | |||||||||||||||
Our Advice & Wealth Management segment pretax adjusted operating earnings, which exclude net realized investment gains or losses, increased $69 million, or 10%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting market appreciation, higher short-term interest rates and growth in bank cash deposits and certificate products along with the cumulative impact of client net flows. Pretax adjusted operating margin was 29.8% for the for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to 30.6% for the prior year period.
Ameriprise Bank is continuing its deposit growth trend, with bank deposit balances increasing $1.3 billion from the prior year period to $21.3 billion. The daily average interest-bearing deposit balance increased to $21.3 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $19.0 billion for the prior year period with the average interest rate paid on deposits increasing to 0.42% for the three months ended March 31, 2024 from 0.36% for the prior year period. Profitability at the bank increased compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting increased interest rates along with the trend in deposit growth. The Ameriprise Certificate Company experienced strong growth given the current interest rate environment with client deposits increasing $2.1 billion from the prior year period to $13.2 billion.
Net Revenues
Management and financial advice fees increased $210 million, or 16%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher average wrap account assets. Average advisory wrap account assets increased $71.2 billion, or 17%, compared to the prior year period reflecting market appreciation and net inflows.
Distribution fees increased $5 million, or 1%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period reflecting strong transactional activity, partially offset by $76 million of lower fees on off-balance sheet brokerage cash due to a decrease in average balances.
Net investment income, which excludes net realized investment gains or losses, increased $151 million, or 37%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher average invested assets due to increased bank and certificate deposits and the favorable impact of increased short-term interest rates, including higher investment yields on the investment portfolio supporting the bank and certificate products.
Banking and deposit interest expense increased $76 million, or 74%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting higher average crediting rates and higher average balances on certificates and bank cash deposits.
Expenses
Distribution expenses increased $196 million, or 17%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period reflecting higher advisor compensation from higher average wrap account assets and increased transactional activity, as well as continued investments in recruiting experienced advisors.
General and administrative expense increased $28 million, or 7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher volume related expenses and investments for business growth.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Asset Management
The following tables present the mutual fund performance of our retail Columbia Threadneedle Investments funds as of March 31, 2024:
| Retail Fund Rankings in Top 2 Quartiles or Above Index Benchmark - Asset Weighted (1) | 1 year | 3 year | 5 year | 10 year | ||||||||||
| Equity | 61% | 66% | 80% | 89% | ||||||||||
| Fixed Income | 74% | 53% | 75% | 85% | ||||||||||
| Asset Allocation | 87% | 59% | 82% | 90% | ||||||||||
| 4- or 5-star Morningstar rated funds (2) | Overall | 3 year | 5 year | 10 year | ||||||||||
| Number of rated funds | 117 | 71 | 93 | 104 | ||||||||||
(1) Retail Fund performance rankings for each fund are measured on a consistent basis against the most appropriate peer group or index. Peer groupings of Columbia funds are defined by Lipper category and are based on the Primary Share Class (i.e. Institutional if available, otherwise Advisor or Instl3 share class), net of fees. Peer groupings of Threadneedle funds are defined by either IA or Morningstar index and are based on the Primary Share Class. Comparison to Index are measured gross of fees.
To calculate asset weighted performance, the sum of the total assets of the funds with above median ranking are divided by total assets of all funds. Funds with more assets will receive a greater share of the total percentage above or below median.
Aggregated Asset Allocation Funds may include funds that invest in other Columbia or Threadneedle branded mutual funds included in both equity and fixed income.
(2) Columbia funds are available for purchase by U.S. customers. Out of 89 Columbia funds rated (based on primary share class), 3 received a 5-star Overall Rating and 38 received a 4-star Overall Rating. Out of 145 Threadneedle funds rated (based on highest-rated share class), 22 received a 5-star Overall Rating and 54 received a 4-star Overall Rating. The Overall Morningstar Rating is derived from a weighted average of the performance figures associated with its 3-, 5- and 10-year (if applicable) Morningstar Rating metrics.
| The following table presents global managed assets by type: | Average (1) | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of March 31, | Change | Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equity | $ | 341.4 | $ | 309.0 | $ | 32.4 | 10 | % | $ | 330.3 | $ | 308.6 | $ | 21.7 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fixed income | 236.6 | 224.7 | 11.9 | 5 | 235.5 | 217.8 | 17.7 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Money market | 22.2 | 22.2 | — | — | 22.6 | 22.1 | 0.5 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative | 33.0 | 34.7 | (1.7) | (5) | 33.2 | 34.7 | (1.5) | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hybrid and other | 18.9 | 17.1 | 1.8 | 11 | 18.5 | 16.9 | 1.6 | 9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total managed assets | $ | 652.1 | $ | 607.7 | $ | 44.4 | 7 | % | $ | 640.1 | $ | 600.1 | $ | 40.0 | 7 | % |
(1) Average ending balances are calculated using an average of the prior period’s ending balance and all months in the current period.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
The following table presents the changes in global managed assets:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| (in billions) | |||||||||||
| Global Retail Funds | |||||||||||
| Beginning assets | $ | 334.9 | $ | 309.3 | |||||||
| Inflows | 14.0 | 12.1 | |||||||||
| Outflows | (16.3) | (16.4) | |||||||||
| Net VP/VIT fund flows | (1.5) | (1.2) | |||||||||
| Net new flows | (3.8) | (5.5) | |||||||||
| Reinvested dividends | 1.0 | 0.9 | |||||||||
| Net flows | (2.8) | (4.6) | |||||||||
| Distributions | (1.2) | (1.0) | |||||||||
| Market appreciation (depreciation) and other | 19.4 | 16.0 | |||||||||
| Foreign currency translation (1) | (0.7) | 1.7 | |||||||||
| Total ending assets | 349.6 | 321.4 | |||||||||
| Global Institutional | |||||||||||
| Beginning assets | 302.0 | 274.7 | |||||||||
| Inflows (2) | 9.3 | 12.8 | |||||||||
| Outflows (2) | (12.2) | (10.7) | |||||||||
| Net flows | (2.9) | 2.1 | |||||||||
| Market appreciation (depreciation) and other (3) | 4.8 | 6.4 | |||||||||
| Foreign currency translation (1) | (1.4) | 3.1 | |||||||||
| Total ending assets | 302.5 | 286.3 | |||||||||
| Total managed assets | $ | 652.1 | $ | 607.7 | |||||||
| Total net flows | $ | (5.7) | $ | (2.5) | |||||||
| Legacy insurance partners net flows (4) | $ | (0.8) | $ | (0.8) |
(1) Amounts represent local currency to US dollar translation for reporting purposes.
(2) Global Institutional inflows and outflows include net flows from our structured annuity product and Ameriprise Bank.
(3) Included in Market appreciation (depreciation) and other for Global Institutional is the change in affiliated general account balance, excluding net flows related to our structured variable annuity product and Ameriprise Bank.
(4) Legacy insurance partners assets and net flows are included in the rollforwards above.
Total segment AUM increased $15.2 billion, or 2%, during the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to equity market appreciation, partially offset by net outflows.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
The following table presents the results of operations of our Asset Management segment on an adjusted operating basis:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Management and financial advice fees | $ | 742 | $ | 694 | $ | 48 | 7 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution fees | 95 | 90 | 5 | 6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | 11 | 9 | 2 | 22 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenues | 7 | 6 | 1 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 855 | 799 | 56 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Banking and deposit interest expense | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | 855 | 799 | 56 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution expenses | 242 | 230 | 12 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred acquisition costs | 2 | 1 | 1 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and debt expense | 2 | 2 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expense | 403 | 401 | 2 | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | 649 | 634 | 15 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | $ | 206 | $ | 165 | $ | 41 | 25 | % | |||||||||||||||
| NM Not Meaningful - variance equal to or greater than 100%. |
Our Asset Management segment pretax adjusted operating earnings, which exclude net realized investment gains or losses, increased $41 million, or 25%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to equity market appreciation, partially offset by the cumulative impact from net outflows.
Net Revenues
Management and financial advice fees increased $48 million, or 7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to equity market appreciation and an increase in performance fees, partially offset by the cumulative impact from net outflows.
Distribution fees increased $5 million, or 6%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to market appreciation.
Expenses
Distribution expenses increased $12 million, or 5%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to market appreciation, partially offset by the cumulative impact from net outflows.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Retirement & Protection Solutions
The following table presents the results of operations of our Retirement & Protection Solutions segment on an adjusted operating basis:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Management and financial advice fees | $ | 189 | $ | 183 | $ | 6 | 3 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Distribution fees | 104 | 97 | 7 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | 243 | 195 | 48 | 25 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Premiums, policy and contract charges | 374 | 346 | 28 | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenues | 2 | 3 | (1) | (33) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 912 | 824 | 88 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Banking and deposit interest expense | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | 912 | 824 | 88 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution expenses | 124 | 110 | 14 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest credited to fixed accounts | 91 | 88 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits, claims, losses and settlement expenses | 224 | 162 | 62 | 38 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Remeasurement (gains) losses of future policy benefit reserves | (2) | (3) | 1 | 33 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value of market risk benefits | 129 | 115 | 14 | 12 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred acquisition costs | 57 | 58 | (1) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and debt expense | 12 | 13 | (1) | (8) | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expense | 78 | 87 | (9) | (10) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | 713 | 630 | 83 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating earnings | $ | 199 | $ | 194 | $ | 5 | 3 | % | |||||||||||||||
Our Retirement & Protection Solutions segment pretax adjusted operating earnings, which excludes net realized investment gains or losses (net of the reinsurance accrual), the market impact on variable annuity guaranteed benefits (net of hedges), the market impact on IUL benefits (net of hedges and the reinsurance accrual), mean reversion related impacts, and block transfer reinsurance transaction impacts increased $5 million, or 3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period, primarily reflecting higher interest rates and market appreciation, partially offset by higher expenses associated with increased sales.
Variable annuity account balances increased 9% to $84.0 billion as of March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period due to market appreciation, partially offset by net outflows of $3.2 billion. Variable annuity sales increased 32% compared to the prior year period reflecting an increase in sales of SVAs. Account values with living benefit riders declined to 53% as of March 31, 2024 compared to 57% a year ago reflecting our actions to optimize our business mix. This trend is expected to continue and meaningfully shift the mix of business away from products with living benefit guarantees over time.
Net Revenues
Management and financial advice fees increased $6 million, or 3%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to market appreciation, partially offset by the impact from variable annuity net outflows.
Distribution fees increased $7 million, or 7%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to market appreciation.
Net investment income, which excludes net realized investment gains or losses, increased $48 million, or 25%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher interest rates and increased SVA balances.
Premiums, policy and contract charges increased $28 million, or 8%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily due to higher sales of life contingent payout annuities.
Expenses
Distribution expenses increased $14 million, or 13%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting market appreciation and higher sales of SVAs.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Benefits, claims, losses and settlement expenses, which exclude the market impact on structured variable annuities indexed account embedded derivative (net of hedges) and mean reversion related impacts, increased $62 million, or 38%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the impact of higher sales of life contingent payout annuities and increased volume in SVAs.
Change in fair value of market risk benefits, which exclude the market impact on variable annuity guaranteed benefits (net of hedges), increased $14 million, or 12%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period reflecting market appreciation on contractual fees.
General and administrative expense decreased $9 million, or 10%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting higher one-time expenses in the prior year period.
Corporate & Other
The following table presents the results of operations of our Corporate & Other segment on an adjusted operating basis:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | Change | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net investment income | $ | 58 | $ | 51 | $ | 7 | 14 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Premiums, policy and contract charges | 23 | 24 | (1) | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other revenues | 48 | 55 | (7) | (13) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 129 | 130 | (1) | (1) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Banking and deposit interest expense | 8 | 4 | 4 | NM | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total net revenues | 121 | 126 | (5) | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Distribution expenses | (2) | (2) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest credited to fixed accounts | 55 | 61 | (6) | (10) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Benefits, claims, losses and settlement expenses | 53 | 58 | (5) | (9) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Remeasurement (gains) losses of future policy benefit reserves | (2) | (2) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred acquisition costs | 2 | 3 | (1) | (33) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and debt expense | 25 | 18 | 7 | 39 | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expense | 79 | 64 | 15 | 23 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | 210 | 200 | 10 | 5 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Adjusted operating loss | $ | (89) | $ | (74) | $ | (15) | (20) | % | |||||||||||||||
| NM Not Meaningful - variance equal to or greater than 100%. |
Our Corporate & Other segment includes our closed blocks of long term care (“LTC”) insurance and fixed annuity and fixed indexed annuity (“FA”) business.
Our Corporate & Other segment pretax adjusted operating loss excludes net realized investment gains or losses, the market impact on fixed index annuity benefits (net of hedges), the market impact of hedges to offset interest rate and currency changes on unrealized gains or losses for certain investments, block transfer reinsurance transaction impact, gain or loss on disposal of a business that is not considered discontinued operations, integration and restructuring charges, and the impact of consolidating CIEs. Our Corporate & Other segment pretax adjusted operating loss increased $15 million, or 20%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period.
LTC insurance had pretax adjusted operating earnings of $16 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to pretax adjusted operating earnings of $8 million for the prior year period primarily reflecting the benefit of investment portfolio repositioning and higher interest rates on cash positions compared to the prior year period.
The FA business had a pretax adjusted operating loss of $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to a pretax adjusted operating loss of $9 million for the prior year period. Fixed deferred annuity account balances declined 11% to $6.1 billion as of March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period as policies continue to lapse and we previously discontinued new sales of fixed deferred annuities.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Net Revenues
Net investment income, which excludes net realized investment gains or losses, the market impact of hedges to offset interest rate and currency changes on unrealized gains or losses for certain investments, integration and restructuring charges, and the impact of consolidating CIEs, increased $7 million, or 14%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting higher interest rates on cash positions.
Other revenues decreased $7 million, or 13%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the yield on deposit receivables arising from reinsurance transactions.
Expenses
Interest and debt expense increased $7 million, or 39%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the issuance of $750 million and $600 million of unsecured senior notes in March 2023 and November 2023, respectively, partially offset by the maturity of $750 million of unsecured senior notes in October 2023.
General and administrative expense, which excludes integration and restructuring charges, increased $15 million, or 23%, for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to the prior year period primarily reflecting the unfavorable mark-to-market impact on share-based compensation expense due to share price appreciation, increased severance expense related to our expense management initiatives and a lease write-down.
Fair Value Measurements
We report certain assets and liabilities at fair value; specifically, separate account assets, derivatives, market risk benefits, embedded derivatives, and most investments and cash equivalents. Fair value assumes the exchange of assets or liabilities occurs in orderly transactions and is not the result of a forced liquidation or distressed sale. We include actual market prices, or observable inputs, in our fair value measurements to the extent available. Broker quotes are obtained when quotes from pricing services are not available. We validate prices obtained from third parties through a variety of means such as: price variance analysis, subsequent sales testing, stale price review, price comparison across pricing vendors and due diligence reviews of vendors. See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information on our fair value measurements.
Fair Value of Liabilities and Nonperformance Risk
Companies are required to measure the fair value of liabilities at the price that would be received to transfer the liability to a market participant (an exit price). Since there is not a market for our obligations of our market risk benefits, fixed deferred indexed annuities, structured variable annuities, and IUL insurance, we consider the assumptions participants in a hypothetical market would make to reflect an exit price. As a result, we adjust the valuation of market risk benefits, fixed deferred indexed annuities, structured variable annuities, and IUL insurance by updating certain contractholder assumptions, adding explicit margins to provide for risk, and adjusting the rates used to discount expected cash flows to reflect a current market estimate of our nonperformance risk. The nonperformance risk adjustment is based on observable market data adjusted to estimate the risk of our life insurance company subsidiaries not fulfilling these liabilities. Consistent with general market conditions, this estimate resulted in a spread over the U.S. Treasury curve as of March 31, 2024. As our estimate of this spread widens or tightens, the liability will decrease or increase, respectively. If this nonperformance credit spread moves to a zero spread over the U.S. Treasury curve, the reduction to future total equity would be approximately $605 million, net of the reinsurance accrual and income taxes (calculated at the statutory tax rate of 21%), based on March 31, 2024 credit spreads.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Overview
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had Available Capital for Capital Adequacy of $5.1 billion and $5.4 billion, respectively. Available Capital for Capital Adequacy best reflects the available capital resources of our core operations.
We maintained substantial liquidity during the three months ended March 31, 2024. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $7.1 billion and $7.5 billion, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents excluding CIEs and other restricted cash on a consolidated basis.
As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the parent company had $727 million and $544 million, respectively, in cash, cash equivalents, and unencumbered liquid securities. Liquid securities predominantly include U.S. government agency mortgage backed securities. Additional sources of liquidity at the parent company include a line of credit with an affiliate up to $714 million and an unsecured revolving committed credit facility for up to $1.0 billion that expires in June 2026. Management’s estimate of liquidity available to the parent company in a volatile and uncertain economic environment as of March 31, 2024 was $1.9 billion which includes cash, cash equivalents, unencumbered liquid securities, the line of credit with an affiliate and a portion of the committed credit facility.
Under the terms of the committed credit facility, we can increase the availability to $1.25 billion upon satisfaction of certain approval requirements. Available borrowings under this facility are reduced by any outstanding letters of credit. At March 31, 2024, we had no outstanding borrowings under this credit facility and had $1 million of letters of credit issued against the facility. Our credit facility
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
contains various administrative, reporting, legal and financial covenants. We remained in compliance with all such covenants at March 31, 2024.
In addition, we have access to collateralized borrowings, which may include repurchase agreements, Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) advances, and advances at the Federal Reserve. Our subsidiaries, RiverSource Life Insurance Company (“RiverSource Life”), and Ameriprise Bank are members of the FHLB of Des Moines, which provides access to collateralized borrowings. As of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we had $8.6 billion of estimated borrowing capacity under the FHLB facilities, of which $201 million was outstanding as of both March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, and is collateralized with commercial mortgage backed securities. In addition, Ameriprise Bank maintains access to borrowings from the Federal Reserve which are collateralized with residential mortgage backed securities, commercial mortgage backed securities and corporate debt securities. As of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, we estimated $12.4 billion and $12.3 billion, respectively, of borrowing capacity from the Federal Reserve in addition to the FHLB capacity and there were no outstanding obligations.
There have been no material changes to our contractual obligations disclosed in our 2023 10-K.
See Note 11 to our Consolidated Financial Statements for further information about our long-term debt maturities, including $550 million maturing in October 2024.
We believe cash flows from operating activities, available cash balances, our availability of internal and external borrowings, access to debt markets, and dividends from our subsidiaries will be sufficient to fund our short-term and long-term operating liquidity needs and stress requirements.
On August 16, 2022, federal legislation commonly referred to as the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) was enacted. We have evaluated the tax provisions of the IRA, the most significant of which are the corporate alternative minimum tax (“CAMT”) and the share repurchase excise tax. Both the CAMT and share repurchase tax were effective beginning in 2023. We are an applicable corporation required to compute CAMT; however, based on current estimates, we do not expect to be liable for the CAMT in 2024 and therefore have not recorded a liability. We are a covered corporation subject to the 1% excise tax on the net shares repurchased. We have recorded in shareholders’ equity an estimate of the excise tax liability based on our interpretation of the current guidance. As the Internal Revenue Service issues additional guidance related to the IRA, we will continue to evaluate any impact to our consolidated financial statements.
In December 2021, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development published the Pillar Two model rules which introduce new taxing mechanisms aimed at ensuring multinational enterprises pay a minimum level of tax on profits from each jurisdiction in which they operate. Various jurisdictions in which we operate have enacted or substantively enacted Pillar Two legislation that became effective beginning January 1, 2024. We intend to rely on Pillar Two transitional safe harbors where available and, based on the current estimate, have not recorded any Pillar Two tax liabilities. We continue to monitor the adoption and implementation of these rules and evaluate the potential impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Dividends from Subsidiaries
Ameriprise Financial is primarily a parent holding company for the operations carried out by our wholly-owned subsidiaries. Because of our holding company structure, our ability to meet our cash requirements, including the payment of dividends on our common stock, substantially depends upon the receipt of dividends or return of capital from our subsidiaries, particularly our life insurance subsidiary, RiverSource Life, our face-amount certificate subsidiary, Ameriprise Certificate Company (“ACC”), Ameriprise Bank, AMPF Holding, LLC, which is the parent company of our retail introducing broker-dealer subsidiary, Ameriprise Financial Services, LLC (“AFS”) and our clearing broker-dealer subsidiary, American Enterprise Investment Services, Inc. (“AEIS”), our transfer agent subsidiary, Columbia Management Investment Services Corp. (“CMIS”), our investment advisory company, Columbia Management Investment Advisers, LLC (“CMIA”), TAM UK International Holdings Ltd, which includes Ameriprise International Holdings GmbH within its organizational structure, and Columbia Threadneedle Investments UK International Ltd. The payment of dividends by many of our subsidiaries is restricted and certain of our subsidiaries are subject to regulatory capital requirements. For example, RiverSource Life payments in excess of statutory unassigned funds require advanced notice to the Minnesota Department of Commerce (“MN DOC”), RiverSource Life’s primary regulator, and are subject to potential disapproval. In addition, dividends and other distributions whose fair market value, together with that of other dividends or distributions made within the preceding 12 months, exceeds the greater of the previous year’s statutory net gain from operations or 10% of the previous year-end statutory capital and surplus are referred to as “extraordinary dividends.” Extraordinary dividends also require advanced notice to MN DOC, and are subject to potential disapproval.
Our broker-dealer subsidiaries are subject to the Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Rule 15c3-1 provides an “alternative net capital requirement” which AEIS and AFS (significant broker dealers) have elected. Regulations require that minimum net capital, as defined, be equal to the greater of $250 thousand or 2% of aggregate debit items arising from client balances. The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) may impose certain restrictions, such as restricting withdrawals of equity capital, if a member firm were to fall below a certain threshold or fail to meet minimum net capital requirements.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Ameriprise Bank is subject to regulation by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation in its role as insurer of its deposits. Ameriprise Bank is required to maintain minimum amounts and ratios of Total and Tier 1 capital (as defined in the regulations) to risk-weighted assets (as defined), Tier 1 Capital to average assets (as defined), and under rules defined under the Basel III capital framework, Common equity Tier 1 capital (“CEIT”) to risk-weighted assets. Ameriprise Bank calculates these ratios under the Basel III standardized approach in order to assess compliance with both regulatory requirements and Ameriprise Bank’s internal capital policies. As permitted under the rules of the Basel III capital framework, we have elected to exclude AOCI from the calculation of regulatory capital.
ACC is registered as an investment company under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). ACC markets and sells investment certificates to clients. ACC is subject to various capital requirements under the 1940 Act, laws of the State of Minnesota and understandings with the SEC and the Minnesota Department of Commerce. The terms of the investment certificates issued by ACC and the provisions of the 1940 Act also require the maintenance by ACC of qualified assets.
Actual capital and the regulatory capital requirement for TAM UK International Holdings Ltd. and Columbia Threadneedle Investments UK International Ltd. are calculated and reported as a single consolidated group under TAM UK International Holdings Ltd. Required capital for these entities is predominantly based on the requirements specified by its regulator, the FCA, under its Capital Adequacy Requirements for investment firms.
Actual capital and regulatory capital requirements for our wholly owned subsidiaries subject to regulatory capital requirements were as follows:
| Actual Capital | Regulatory Capital Requirements | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | March 31, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| RiverSource Life (1) | $ | 2,637 | $ | 3,093 | N/A | $ | 512 | ||||||||||||||||
| RiverSource Life of NY (1) | 212 | 244 | N/A | 40 | |||||||||||||||||||
| ACC (3)(4) | 755 | 765 | $ | 705 | 717 | ||||||||||||||||||
| TAM UK International Holdings Ltd. (5) | 703 | 706 | 314 | 317 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ameriprise Bank (6) | 1,722 | 1,715 | 1,162 | 1,153 | |||||||||||||||||||
| AFS (2)(3) | 167 | 101 | # | # | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ameriprise Captive Insurance Company (2) | 40 | 39 | 17 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ameriprise Trust Company (2) | 65 | 62 | 47 | 45 | |||||||||||||||||||
| AEIS (2)(3) | 151 | 171 | 29 | 29 | |||||||||||||||||||
| RiverSource Distributors, Inc. (2)(3) | 13 | 13 | # | # | |||||||||||||||||||
| Columbia Management Investment Distributors, Inc. (2)(3) | 17 | 17 | # | # | |||||||||||||||||||
N/A Not applicable as only required to be calculated annually.
Amounts are less than $1 million.
(1) Actual capital is determined on a statutory basis. Regulatory capital requirement is the company action level and is based on the statutory risk-based capital filing.
(2) Regulatory capital requirement is based on the applicable regulatory requirement, calculated as of March 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023.
(3) Actual capital is determined on an adjusted GAAP basis.
(4) ACC is required to hold capital in compliance with the Minnesota Department of Commerce and SEC capital requirements.
(5) Actual capital and regulatory capital requirements are determined in accordance with U.K. regulatory legislation.
(6) Actual capital and regulatory capital requirements are determined in accordance with rules defined under Basel III capital framework. As permitted, AOCI is excluded from the calculation of regulatory capital.
In October 2023, the Federal Reserve Board (“FRB”) issued its final rule establishing a consolidated capital framework termed the “Building Block Approach” for savings and loan holding companies like Ameriprise Financial that are significantly engaged in insurance activities. The rule became effective January 1, 2024, with reporting to the FRB beginning in 2025.
In addition to the particular regulations restricting dividend payments and establishing subsidiary capitalization requirements, we take into account the overall health of the business, capital levels and risk management considerations in determining a strategy for payments to our parent holding company from our subsidiaries, and in deciding to use cash to make capital contributions to our subsidiaries.
During the three months ended March 31, 2024, the parent holding company received cash dividends or a return of capital from its subsidiaries of $832 million (including $200 million from RiverSource Life and $320 million from AMPF Holding, LLC) and contributed cash to its subsidiaries of $60 million. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, the parent holding company
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
received cash dividends or a return of capital from its subsidiaries of $605 million (including $200 million from RiverSource Life) and contributed cash to its subsidiaries of $138 million.
In 2009, RiverSource Life established an agreement to protect its exposure to Genworth Life Insurance Company (“GLIC”) for its reinsured LTC. In 2016, substantial enhancements to this reinsurance protection agreement were finalized. The terms of these confidential provisions within the agreement have been shared, in the normal course of regular reviews, with our domiciliary regulator and rating agencies. GLIC is domiciled in Delaware, so in the event GLIC was subjected to rehabilitation or insolvency proceedings, such proceedings would be located in (and governed by) Delaware laws. Delaware courts have a long tradition of respecting commercial and reinsurance affairs as well as contracts among sophisticated parties. Similar credit protections to what we have with GLIC have been tested and respected in Delaware and elsewhere in the United States, and as a result we believe our credit protections would be respected even in the unlikely event that GLIC becomes subject to rehabilitation or insolvency proceedings in Delaware. Accordingly, while no credit protections are perfect, we believe the correct way to think about the risks represented by our counterparty credit exposure to GLIC is not the full amount of the gross liability that GLIC reinsures, but a much smaller net exposure to GLIC (if any that might exist after taking into account our credit protections). Thus, management believes that our agreement and offsetting non-LTC legacy arrangements with Genworth Financial, Inc. will enable RiverSource Life to recover on all net exposure in all material respects in the event of a rehabilitation or insolvency of GLIC.
Dividends Paid to Shareholders and Share Repurchases
We paid regular quarterly dividends to our shareholders totaling $143 million and $138 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. On April 22, 2024, we announced a quarterly dividend of $1.48 per common share. The dividend will be paid on May 17, 2024 to our shareholders of record at the close of business on May 6, 2024.
On July 24, 2023, our Board of Directors authorized an additional $3.5 billion for the repurchase of our common stock through September 30, 2025. As of March 31, 2024, we had $2.6 billion remaining under this share repurchase authorization. We intend to fund share repurchases through existing excess capital, future free cash flow generation and other customary financing methods. The share repurchase program does not require the purchase of any minimum number of shares, and depending on market conditions and other factors, these purchases may be commenced or suspended at any time without prior notice. Acquisitions under the share repurchase program may be made in the open market, through privately negotiated transactions or block trades or other means. During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we repurchased a total of 1.2 million shares of our common stock at an average price of $409.96 per share.
Cash Flows
Cash flows of CIEs and restricted and segregated cash and cash equivalents are reflected in our cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, investing activities and financing activities. Cash held by CIEs is not available for general use by Ameriprise Financial, nor is Ameriprise Financial cash available for general use by its CIEs. Cash and cash equivalents segregated under federal and other regulations is held for the exclusive benefit of our brokerage customers and is not available for general use by Ameriprise Financial.
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities increased $388 million to $1.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $1.1 billion for the prior year period primarily reflecting higher investment income from rising interest rates on the investment portfolio yield and net cash inflows in brokerage deposits.
Investing Activities
Our investing activities primarily relate to our Available-for-Sale investment portfolio and in recent quarters is significantly affected by the net flows of our face amount certificates and bank deposit activity.
Net cash used in investing activities decreased $2.5 billion to $569 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to $3.1 billion for the prior year period primarily reflecting a $1.1 billion decrease in purchases of Available-for-Sale securities and a $1.8 billion increase in proceeds from maturities, sinking fund payments and calls of Available-for-Sale securities.
Financing Activities
Net cash used in financing activities was $1.4 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2024 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $3.2 billion for the prior year period. The decrease in net cash provided by financing activities primarily reflects a $2.0 billion decrease in net cash flows from investment certificates and a $1.9 billion decrease in the change in banking deposits, net.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains forward-looking statements that reflect management’s plans, estimates and beliefs. Actual results could differ materially from those described in these forward-looking statements. Examples of such forward-looking statements include:
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statements of the Company’s plans, intentions, positioning, expectations, objectives or goals, including those relating to asset flows, mass affluent and affluent client acquisition strategy, client retention and growth of our client base, financial advisor productivity, retention, recruiting and enrollments, the introduction, cessation, terms or pricing of new or existing products and services, acquisition integration, benefits and claims expenses, general and administrative costs, consolidated tax rate, return of capital to shareholders, debt repayment and excess capital position and financial flexibility to capture additional growth opportunities;
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statements about the expected trend in the shift to lower-risk products;
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statements about the anticipated deposit growth or statements about rising interest rates and the impacts on investment portfolio yield;
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other statements about future economic performance, the performance of equity markets and interest rate variations and the economic performance of the United States and of global markets; and
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statements of assumptions underlying such statements.
The words “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “optimistic,” “intend,” “plan,” “aim,” “will,” “may,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “likely,” “forecast,” “on track,” “project,” “continue,” “able to remain,” “resume,” “deliver,” “develop,” “evolve,” “drive,” “enable,” “flexibility,” “scenario,” “case”, “appear”, “expand” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements but are not the exclusive means of identifying such statements. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements.
Such factors include, but are not limited to:
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market fluctuations and general economic and political factors, including volatility in the U.S. and global market conditions, client behavior and volatility in the markets for our products;
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changes in interest rates;
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adverse capital and credit market conditions or any downgrade in our credit ratings;
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effects of competition and our larger competitors’ economies of scale;
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declines in our investment management performance;
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our ability to compete in attracting and retaining talent, including financial advisors;
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impairment, negative performance or default by financial institutions or other counterparties;
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the ability to maintain our unaffiliated third-party distribution channels and the impacts of sales of unaffiliated products;
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changes in valuation of securities and investments included in our assets;
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the determination of the amount of allowances taken on loans and investments;
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the illiquidity of our investments;
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failures by other insurers that lead to higher assessments we owe to state insurance guaranty funds;
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failures or defaults by counterparties to our reinsurance arrangements;
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inadequate reserves for future policy benefits and claims or for future redemptions and maturities;
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deviations from our assumptions regarding morbidity, mortality and persistency affecting our insurance profitability;
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changes to our reputation arising from employee or advisor misconduct or otherwise;
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direct or indirect effects of or responses to climate change;
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interruptions or other failures in our operating systems and networks, including errors or failures caused by third-party service providers, interference or third-party attacks;
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interruptions or other errors in our telecommunications or data processing systems;
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identification and mitigation of risk exposure in market environments, new products, vendors and other types of risk;
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ability of our subsidiaries to transfer funds to us to pay dividends;
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changes in exchange rates and other risks in connection with our international operations and earnings and income generated overseas;
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occurrence of natural or man-made disasters and catastrophes;
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risks in acquisition transactions, or other potential strategic acquisitions or divestitures;
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legal and regulatory actions brought against us;
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changes to laws and regulations that govern operation of our business;
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supervision by bank regulators and related regulatory and prudential standards as a savings and loan holding company that may limit our activities and strategies;
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changes in corporate tax laws and regulations and interpretations and determinations of tax laws impacting our products;
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protection of our intellectual property and claims we infringe the intellectual property of others; and
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changes in and the adoption of new accounting standards.
AMERIPRISE FINANCIAL, INC.
Management cautions the reader that the foregoing list of factors is not exhaustive. There may also be other risks that management is unable to predict at this time that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made. Management undertakes no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements. The foregoing list of factors should be read in conjunction with the “Risk Factors” discussion included in Part I, Item 1A of our 2023 10-K.
Ameriprise Financial announces financial and other information to investors through the Company’s investor relations website at ir.ameriprise.com, as well as SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls and webcasts. Investors and others interested in the company are encouraged to visit the investor relations website from time to time, as information is updated and new information is posted. The website also allows users to sign up for automatic notifications in the event new materials are posted. The information found on the website is not incorporated by reference into this report or in any other report or document the Company furnishes or files with the SEC.
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