Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF FIRST QUARTER 2022 FINANCIAL RESULTS
Aon plc is a leading global professional services firm providing a broad range of risk, health, and wealth solutions. Through our experience, global reach, and comprehensive analytics, we are better able to help clients meet rapidly changing, increasingly complex, and interconnected challenges. We are committed to accelerating innovation to address unmet and evolving client needs, so that our clients are better informed, better advised, and able to make better decisions to protect and grow their business. Management is focused on strengthening Aon and uniting the firm with one portfolio of capability enabled by data and analytics and one operating model to deliver additional insight, connectivity, and efficiency.
Financial Results
The following is a summary of our first quarter of 2022 financial results.
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Revenue increased $145 million, or 4%, to $3.7 billion compared to the prior year period due primarily to organic revenue growth of 8%, partially offset by a 3% unfavorable impact if prior year period results were translated at current period foreign exchange rates (“foreign currency translation”) and a 1% unfavorable impact from acquisitions, divestitures, and other.
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Operating expenses were $2.3 billion, an increase of $23 million from the prior year period. The increase was due primarily to an increase in expense associated with 8% organic revenue growth and investments in long-term growth, partially offset by a $43 million favorable impact from foreign currency translation and a decrease in transaction costs incurred in the prior year period of $35 million.
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Operating margin increased to 37.2% from 35.3% in the prior year period. The increase was driven by organic revenue growth of 8%, partially offset by an increase in operating expenses as listed above.
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Due to the factors set forth above, Net income increased $115 million to $1,048 million compared to the prior year period.
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Diluted earnings per share was $4.73 compared to $4.00 per share for the prior year period.
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Cash flows provided by operating activities was $463 million, a decrease of $98 million from the prior year period, primarily due to higher incentive compensation payments following strong performance in 2021, partially offset by strong operating income growth.
We focus on four key metrics not presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP that we communicate to shareholders: organic revenue growth, adjusted operating margin, adjusted diluted earnings per share, and free cash flow. These non-GAAP metrics should be viewed in addition to, not instead of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The following is our measure of performance against these four metrics for the first quarter of 2022:
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Organic revenue growth is a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Organic Revenue Growth.” Organic revenue growth was 8% for the first quarter of 2022, driven by ongoing strong retention and net new business generation.
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Adjusted operating margin, a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Adjusted Operating Margin,” was 38.0% for the first quarter of 2022 compared to 37.4% in the prior year period. The increase in adjusted operating margin primarily reflects strong organic revenue growth, partially offset by expense growth and investments in long-term growth.
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Adjusted diluted earnings per share, a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Adjusted Diluted Earnings per Share,” was $4.83 per share for the first quarter of 2022, compared to $4.28 per share for the respective prior year period.
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Free cash flow, a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Free Cash Flow,” decreased in the first three months of 2022 by $92 million from the prior year period, to $440 million, reflecting a decrease in cash flows from operations, partially offset by a $6 million decrease in capital expenditures.
COVID-19 PANDEMIC
The outbreak of the coronavirus, which causes COVID-19, was declared by the World Health Organization to be a pandemic and has impacted almost all countries, in varying degrees, creating significant public health concerns, and significant volatility, uncertainty, and economic disruption in every region in which we operate. The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted, and may continue to result, in significant economic disruption and volatility, although much progress has been made in the development and distribution of vaccines, contributing to overall improved economic conditions globally. We continue to closely monitor the situation and its impacts on our business, liquidity, and capital planning initiatives. We continue to be fully operational and to reoccupy certain offices, where deemed appropriate and in compliance with governmental restrictions
considering the impact on health and safety of our colleagues, their families, and our clients. We continue to deploy business continuity protocols and our Smart Working strategy to facilitate remote working capabilities to ensure the health and safety of our colleagues, to deliver results on behalf of clients, and to comply with public health and travel guidelines and restrictions.
As the situation continues to evolve, the scale and duration of disruption cannot be predicted, and it is not possible to quantify or estimate the full impact that COVID-19 will have on our business. While we continue to focus on managing our cash flow to meet liquidity needs, our results of operations may be adversely affected. However, for the three months ended March 31, 2022 the impacts of COVID-19 on our business results have lessened and we have seen overall strength across the firm. We continue to monitor the situation closely.
ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL, AND GOVERNANCE
For many companies, the management of ESG risks and opportunities has become increasingly important. Aon offers a wide range of consulting and advisory solutions designed to address and manage ESG issues for clients. We view ESG risks as presenting an important opportunity to help clients and improve our impact on ESG matters.
RUSSIAN WAR IN UKRAINE
The Russian war in Ukraine, initiated on February 24, 2022, has resulted in certain sanctions being imposed by jurisdictions in which we operate, including the U.S., the E.U., and the U.K., on Russia and certain Russian companies and individuals. The Company’s operations in Russia and Ukraine represent an immaterial portion of the Company’s global operations and the war has not had a material impact on the Company’s global operations as of March 31 2022.
The Company continues to monitor the potential impacts on the business and the ancillary impacts that the military conflict could have on other global operations.
REVIEW OF CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
Summary of Results
Our consolidated results are as follows (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 3,670 | $ | 3,525 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expenses | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Compensation and benefits | 1,767 | 1,719 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Information technology | 123 | 114 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Premises | 72 | 77 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation of fixed assets | 38 | 41 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortization and impairment of intangible assets | 28 | 40 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other general expense | 275 | 289 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 2,303 | 2,280 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | 1,367 | 1,245 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 3 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (91) | (79) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense) | 25 | (2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 1,304 | 1,167 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | 256 | 234 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 1,048 | 933 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 25 | 20 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Aon shareholders | $ | 1,023 | $ | 913 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted net income per share attributable to Aon shareholders | $ | 4.73 | $ | 4.00 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding - diluted | 216.4 | 228.1 |
Revenue
Total revenue increased $145 million, or 4%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021. This increase reflects organic revenue growth of 8%, partially offset by a 3% unfavorable impact from foreign currency translation and a 1% unfavorable impact from acquisitions, divestitures, and other.
Commercial Risk Solutions revenue increased $79 million, or 5%, to $1.7 billion in the first quarter of 2022, compared to $1.6 billion in the first quarter of 2021. Organic revenue growth was 9% in the first quarter of 2022, driven by growth across every major geography, reflecting strong retention, new business generation, and management of the renewal book portfolio. Strength in retail brokerage was highlighted by double-digit growth in the U.S., Canada, Asia, and the Pacific, driven by continued strength in core P&C, as well as strong growth in construction and project-related work. Results also reflect solid growth globally in the affinity business across both consumer and business solutions, including growth in the travel and events practice. On average globally, exposures and pricing were modestly positive, resulting in a modestly positive market impact.
Reinsurance Solutions revenue increased $54 million, or 6%, to $976 million in the first quarter of 2022, compared to $922 million in the first quarter of 2021. Organic revenue growth was 7% in the first quarter of 2022, driven by strong growth in treaty, reflecting strong retention and continued net new business generation, as well as strong growth in facultative placements and double-digit growth in capital markets transactions. Market impact was modestly positive on results in the quarter.
Health Solutions revenue increased $23 million, or 4%, to $638 million in the first quarter of 2022, compared to $615 million in the first quarter of 2021. Organic revenue growth was 8% in the first quarter of 2022, driven by strong growth globally in core health and benefits brokerage, reflecting strong retention and management of the renewal book portfolio. Strength in health and benefits brokerage included solid growth in project-related work, driven by advisory work related to wellbeing and resilience. Results also reflect double-digit growth in Consumer Benefit Solutions and double-digit growth in Human Capital, driven by rewards and advisory solutions.
Wealth Solutions revenue decreased $10 million, or 3%, to $345 million in the first quarter of 2022, compared to $355 million in the first quarter of 2021. Organic revenue growth was flat overall in the first quarter of 2022. Retirement was flat, reflecting modest growth in the core portion of the business, partially offset by a modest decline in project-related work. Investments grew modestly driven by new business generation and project-related work.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and benefits expenses increased $48 million, or 3%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in expense associated with 8% organic revenue growth, partially offset by a $37 million favorable impact from foreign currency translation.
Information Technology
Information technology expenses, which represent costs associated with supporting and maintaining our infrastructure, increased $9 million, or 8%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in expense associated with 8% organic revenue growth, partially offset by a $2 million favorable impact from foreign currency translation.
Premises
Premises expenses, which represent the cost of occupying offices in various locations throughout the world, decreased $5 million, or 6%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021. This decrease was primarily driven by a reduction in rent expense associated with our Smart Working strategy, which gives colleagues flexibility in where they work.
Depreciation of Fixed Assets
Depreciation of fixed assets primarily relates to software, leasehold improvements, furniture, fixtures, and equipment, computer equipment, buildings, and automobiles. Depreciation of fixed assets decreased $3 million, or 7%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to a $1 million favorable impact from foreign currency translation.
Amortization and Impairment of Intangible Assets
Amortization and impairment of intangible assets primarily relates to finite-lived tradenames and customer-related, contract-based, and technology assets. Amortization and impairment of intangible assets decreased $12 million, or 30%, in the first quarter of 2022 compared to the first quarter of 2021.
Other General Expense
Other general expense in the first quarter of 2022 decreased $14 million, or 5%, compared to the first quarter of 2021 due primarily to a decrease in transaction costs incurred in the prior year period of $35 million, partially offset by an increase in expense associated with 8% organic revenue growth and an increase in travel and entertainment expense.
Interest Income
Interest income represents income earned on operating cash balances and other income-producing investments. It does not include interest earned on funds held on behalf of clients. During the first quarter of 2022, Interest income was $3 million, and flat compared to the first quarter of 2021.
Interest Expense
Interest expense, which represents the cost of our debt obligations, was $91 million for the first quarter of 2022, an increase of $12 million, or 15%, from the first quarter of 2021. The increase was driven primarily by higher outstanding term debt.
Other Income (Expense)
Other income was $25 million for the first quarter of 2022, compared to Other expense of $2 million for the first quarter of 2021. Other income for the first quarter of 2022 primarily reflects a gain from the sale of a business in Wealth Solutions.
Income before Income Taxes
Due to the factors discussed above, Income before income taxes for the first quarter of 2022 was $1,304 million, a 12% increase from $1,167 million in the first quarter of 2021.
Income Taxes
The effective tax rates on Net income were 19.6% and 20.1% for the first quarter of 2022 and 2021, respectively.
For the three months ended March 31, 2022 and March 31, 2021, the tax rate was primarily driven by the geographical distribution of income and certain discrete items.
Net Income Attributable to Aon Shareholders
Net income attributable to Aon shareholders for the first quarter of 2022 increased to $1,023 million, or $4.73 per diluted share, from $913 million, or $4.00 per diluted share, in the prior year period.
Non-GAAP Metrics
In our discussion of consolidated results, we sometimes refer to certain non-GAAP supplemental information derived from consolidated financial information specifically related to organic revenue growth, adjusted operating margin, adjusted diluted earnings per share, free cash flow, and the impact of foreign exchange rate fluctuations on operating results. Management believes that these measures are important to make meaningful period-to-period comparisons and that this supplemental information is helpful to investors. Management also uses these measures to assess operating performance and performance for compensation. This non-GAAP supplemental information should be viewed in addition to, not instead of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Organic Revenue Growth
We use supplemental information related to organic revenue growth to help us and our investors evaluate business growth from existing operations. Organic revenue growth is a non-GAAP measure that includes the impact of intercompany activity and excludes the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates, fiduciary investment income, acquisitions, divestitures, transfers between revenue lines, and gains or losses on derivatives accounted for as hedges. This supplemental information related to organic revenue growth represents a measure not in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should be viewed in addition to, not instead of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. Industry peers provide similar supplemental information about their revenue performance, although they may not make identical adjustments. A reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure to the reported Total revenue is as follows (in millions, except percentages):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | % Change | Less: Currency Impact (1) | Less: Fiduciary Investment Income (2) | Less: Acquisitions, Divestitures & Other | Organic Revenue Growth (3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial Risk Solutions | $ | 1,719 | $ | 1,640 | 5 | % | (3) | % | — | % | (1) | % | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reinsurance Solutions | 976 | 922 | 6 | (2) | — | 1 | 7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Health Solutions | 638 | 615 | 4 | (3) | — | (1) | 8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wealth Solutions | 345 | 355 | (3) | (2) | — | (1) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Eliminations | (8) | (7) | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | N/A | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 3,670 | $ | 3,525 | 4 | % | (3) | % | — | % | (1) | % | 8 | % |
(1)Currency impact represents the effect on prior year period results if they were translated at current period foreign exchange rates.
(2)Fiduciary investment income for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 was $2 million in each period.
(3)Organic revenue growth includes the impact of intercompany activity and excludes the impact of changes in foreign exchange rates, fiduciary investment income, acquisitions, divestitures, transfers between revenue lines, and gains or losses on derivatives accounted for as hedges.
Adjusted Operating Margin
We use adjusted operating margin as a non-GAAP measure of our core operating performance. Adjusted operating margin excludes the impact of certain items, as listed below, because management does not believe these expenses are the best indicators of our core operating performance. This supplemental information related to adjusted operating margin represents a measure not in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should be viewed in addition to, not instead of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
A reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure to the reported operating margin is as follows (in millions, except percentages):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 3,670 | $ | 3,525 | ||||||||||
| Operating income - as reported | $ | 1,367 | $ | 1,245 | ||||||||||
| Amortization and impairment of intangible assets | 28 | 40 | ||||||||||||
| Transaction costs and other charges related to the combination and resulting termination (1) | — | 35 | ||||||||||||
| Operating income - as adjusted | $ | 1,395 | $ | 1,320 | ||||||||||
| Operating margin - as reported | 37.2 | % | 35.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Operating margin - as adjusted | 38.0 | % | 37.4 | % |
(1)As part of the terminated combination with WTW, certain transaction costs were incurred by the Company in the first quarter of 2021. These costs may include advisory, legal, accounting, valuation, and other professional or consulting fees related to the combination, including planned divestitures that have been terminated, as well as certain compensation expenses and expenses related to further steps on our Aon United operating model as a result of the termination.
Adjusted Diluted Earnings per Share
We use adjusted diluted earnings per share as a non-GAAP measure of our core operating performance. Adjusted diluted earnings per share excludes the items identified above, along with pension settlements and related income taxes, because management does not believe these expenses are representative of our core earnings. This supplemental information related to adjusted diluted earnings per share represents a measure not in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should be viewed in addition to, not instead of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. A reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure to reported diluted earnings per share is as follows (in millions, except per share data and percentages):
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-GAAP | ||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. GAAP | Adjustments | Adjusted | ||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 1,367 | $ | 28 | $ | 1,395 | ||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 3 | — | 3 | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (91) | — | (91) | |||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense) | 25 | — | 25 | |||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 1,304 | 28 | 1,332 | |||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (1) | 256 | 6 | 262 | |||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 1,048 | 22 | 1,070 | |||||||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 25 | — | 25 | |||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Aon shareholders | $ | 1,023 | $ | 22 | $ | 1,045 | ||||||||||||||
| Diluted net income per share attributable to Aon shareholders | $ | 4.73 | $ | 0.10 | $ | 4.83 | ||||||||||||||
| Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding - diluted | 216.4 | — | 216.4 | |||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rates (1) | 19.6 | % | 19.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-GAAP | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. GAAP | Adjustments | Adjusted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating income | $ | 1,245 | $ | 75 | $ | 1,320 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | 3 | — | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (79) | — | (79) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense) | (2) | — | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income before income taxes | 1,167 | 75 | 1,242 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (1) | 234 | 11 | 245 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 933 | 64 | 997 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 20 | — | 20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Aon shareholders | $ | 913 | $ | 64 | $ | 977 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted net income per share attributable to Aon shareholders | $ | 4.00 | $ | 0.28 | $ | 4.28 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted average ordinary shares outstanding - diluted | 228.1 | — | 228.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effective tax rates (1) | 20.1 | % | 19.7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1)Adjusted items are generally taxed at the estimated annual effective tax rate, except for the applicable tax impact associated with certain transaction costs and other charges related to the combination and resulting termination, which are adjusted at the related jurisdictional rate.
Free Cash Flow
We use free cash flow, defined as cash flow provided by operations less capital expenditures, as a non-GAAP measure of our core operating performance and cash-generating capabilities of our business operations. This supplemental information related to free cash flow represents a measure not in accordance with U.S. GAAP and should be viewed in addition to, not instead of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The use of this non-GAAP measure does not imply or represent the residual cash flow for discretionary expenditures. A reconciliation of this non-GAAP measure to the reported Cash provided by operating activities is as follows (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities | $ | 463 | $ | 561 | ||||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (23) | (29) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Free cash flow | $ | 440 | $ | 532 |
Impact of Foreign Exchange Rate Fluctuations
Because we conduct business in over 120 countries and sovereignties, foreign exchange rate fluctuations may have a significant impact on our business. Foreign exchange rate movements may be significant and may distort true period-to-period comparisons of changes in revenue or pretax income. Therefore, to give financial statement users meaningful information about our operations, we have provided an illustration of the impact of foreign currency exchange rates on our financial results. The methodology used to calculate this impact isolates the impact of the change in currencies between periods by translating the prior year quarter’s revenue, expenses, and net income using the current quarter’s foreign exchange rates.
Currency fluctuations had an unfavorable impact of $0.19 on net income per diluted share during the three months ended March 31, 2022 if prior year period results were translated at current period foreign exchange rates. Currency fluctuations had a favorable impact of $0.17 on net income per diluted share during the three months ended March 31, 2021, respectively, if 2020 results were translated at 2021 rates.
Currency fluctuations had an unfavorable impact of $0.19 on adjusted net income per diluted share during the three months ended March 31, 2022 if prior year period results were translated at current period foreign exchange rates. Currency fluctuations had a favorable impact of $0.18 on adjusted net income per diluted share during the three months ended March 31, 2021, respectively, if 2020 results were translated at 2021 rates. These translations are performed for comparative and illustrative purposes only and do not impact the accounting policies or practices for amounts included in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
LIQUIDITY AND FINANCIAL CONDITION
Liquidity
Executive Summary
We believe that our balance sheet and strong cash flow provide us with adequate liquidity. Our primary sources of liquidity in the near-term include cash flows provided by operations and available cash reserves; primary sources of liquidity in the long-term include cash flows provided by operations, debt capacity available under our credit facilities and capital markets. Our primary uses of liquidity are operating expenses and investments, capital expenditures, acquisitions, share repurchases, pension obligations, and shareholder dividends. We believe that cash flows from operations, available credit facilities, available cash reserves, and the capital markets will be sufficient to meet our liquidity needs, including principal and interest payments on debt obligations, capital expenditures, pension contributions, and anticipated working capital requirements in the next twelve months and over the long-term. Although there continues to be uncertainties around future economic conditions due to COVID-19, we have largely returned to normal levels of liquidity and will continue to monitor our needs as economic conditions change.
Cash on our balance sheet includes funds available for general corporate purposes, as well as amounts restricted as to their use. Funds held on behalf of clients in a fiduciary capacity are segregated and shown together with uncollected insurance premiums in Fiduciary assets in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position, with a corresponding amount in Fiduciary liabilities.
In our capacity as an insurance broker or agent, we collect premiums from insureds and, after deducting our commission, remit the premiums to the respective insurance underwriters. We also collect claims or refunds from underwriters on behalf of insureds, which are then returned to the insureds. Unremitted insurance premiums and claims are held by us in a fiduciary capacity. The levels of funds held on behalf of clients and liabilities can fluctuate significantly depending on when we collect the premiums, claims, and refunds, make payments to underwriters and insureds, and collect funds from clients and make payments on their behalf, and upon the impact of foreign currency movements. Funds held on behalf of clients, because of their nature, are generally invested in very liquid securities with highly rated, credit-worthy financial institutions. Fiduciary assets include funds held on behalf of clients comprised of cash and cash equivalents of $6.7 billion and $6.1 billion at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and fiduciary receivables of $8.6 billion and $8.3 billion at March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively. While we earn investment income on the funds held in cash and money market funds, the funds cannot be used for general corporate purposes.
We maintain multicurrency cash pools with third-party banks in which various Aon entities participate. Individual Aon entities are permitted to overdraw on their individual accounts provided the overall global balance does not fall below zero. At March 31, 2022, non-U.S. cash balances of one or more entities may have been negative; however, the overall balance was positive.
The following table summarizes our Cash and cash equivalents, Short-term investments, and Fiduciary assets as of March 31, 2022 (in millions):
| Statement of Financial Position Classification | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset Type | Cash and Cash Equivalents | Short-term Investments | Fiduciary Assets | Total | |||||||||||||||||||
| Certificates of deposit, bank deposits, or time deposits | $ | 595 | $ | — | $ | 3,575 | $ | 4,170 | |||||||||||||||
| Money market funds | — | 455 | 3,125 | 3,580 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Cash, Short-term investments, and Funds held on behalf of clients | 595 | 455 | 6,700 | 7,750 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Fiduciary receivables | — | — | 8,577 | 8,577 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 595 | $ | 455 | $ | 15,277 | $ | 16,327 |
Cash and cash equivalents and funds held on behalf of clients increased $650 million in 2022. A summary of our cash flows provided by and used for operating, investing, and financing activities is as follows (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities | $ | 463 | $ | 561 | ||||||||||
| Cash provided by (used for) investing activities | $ | (263) | $ | 102 | ||||||||||
| Cash provided by (used for) financing activities | $ | 500 | $ | (681) | ||||||||||
| Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents and funds held on behalf of clients | $ | (50) | $ | (34) |
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 decreased $98 million, or 17%, from the prior year period to $463 million. This amount represents Net income reported, generally adjusted for the following primary drivers including gains from sales of businesses, losses from sales of businesses, share-based compensation expense, depreciation expense, amortization and impairments, and other non-cash income and expenses, as well as changes in working capital that relate primarily to the timing of payments of accounts payable and accrued liabilities and collection of receivables.
Pension Contributions
Pension contributions were $29 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022, as compared to $50 million for the three months ended March 31, 2021. For the remainder of 2022, we expect to contribute approximately $45 million in cash to our pension plans, including contributions to non-U.S. pension plans, which are subject to changes in foreign exchange rates.
Investing Activities
Cash flow used for investing activities was $263 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022, a decrease of $365 million compared to $102 million of Cash flow provided by investing activities in the prior year period. Generally, the primary drivers of cash flow used for investing activities are acquisitions of businesses, purchases of short-term investments, capital expenditures, and payments for investments. Generally, the primary drivers of cash flow provided by investing activities are sales of businesses, sales of short-term investments, and proceeds from investments. The gains and losses corresponding to cash flows provided by proceeds from investments and used for payments for investments are primarily recognized in Other income (expense) in our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income.
Short-term Investments
Short-term investments increased $163 million as compared to December 31, 2021. As disclosed in Note 14 “Fair Value Measurements and Financial Instruments” of our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this report, the majority of our investments carried at fair value are money market funds. These money market funds are held throughout the world with various financial institutions. We are not aware of any market liquidity issues that would materially impact the fair value of these investments.
Acquisitions and Dispositions of Businesses
During the first three months of 2022, we completed one acquisition for total consideration transferred of $137 million. Total cash consideration, net of cash acquired was $134 million. During the first three months of 2022, we completed two dispositions. We had a net cash inflow related to dispositions of $22 million for the first three months of 2022. The pretax gains recognized in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income related to dispositions was $25 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022.
During the first three months of 2021, we completed no acquisitions and no businesses were sold. There was no impact in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows related to prior year acquisitions.
Capital Expenditures
Our additions to fixed assets, including capitalized software, which amounted to $23 million and $29 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively, primarily relate to the refurbishing and modernizing of office facilities, software development costs, and computer equipment purchases, much of which supports our flexible Smart Working strategy.
Financing Activities
Cash flow provided by financing activities during the three months ended March 31, 2022 was $500 million, an increase of $1,181 million compared to $681 million of Cash flow used for financing activities in the prior year period. The primary drivers of cash flow provided by (used for) financing activities are issuances of debt, net of repayments, share repurchases, changes in net fiduciary liabilities, dividends paid to shareholders, issuances of shares for employee benefit plans, transactions with noncontrolling interests, and other financing activities, such as collection of or payments for deferred consideration in connection with prior year business acquisitions and divestitures.
Share Repurchase Program
We have a share repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors. The Repurchase Program was established in April 2012 with $5.0 billion in authorized repurchases, and was increased by $5.0 billion in authorized repurchases in each of November 2014, June 2017, November 2020, and by $7.5 billion in February 2022 for a total of $27.5 billion in repurchase authorizations.
The following table summarizes our share repurchase activity (in millions, except per share data):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares repurchased | 2.8 | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Average price per share | $ | 294.47 | $ | 217.70 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Repurchase costs recorded to retained earnings | $ | 828 | $ | 50 | |||||||||||||||||||
At March 31, 2022, the remaining authorized amount for share repurchases under the Repurchase Program was approximately $8.4 billion. Under the Repurchase Program, we have repurchased a total of 152.4 million shares for an aggregate cost of approximately $19.1 billion. For further information regarding the Repurchase Program, see Part I, Item 1 of this report.
Borrowings
Total debt at March 31, 2022 was $10.3 billion, an increase of $0.9 billion compared to December 31, 2021. Further, commercial paper activity during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and 2021 is as follows (in millions):
| Three Months Ended March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total issuances (1) | $ | 1,656 | $ | 250 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total repayments | (2,208) | (250) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net repayments | $ | (552) | $ | — |
(1)The proceeds of the commercial paper issuances are generally used for short-term working capital needs.
On February 28, 2022, Aon Corporation and Aon Global Holdings plc co-issued $600 million of 2.85% Senior Notes due May 2027 and $900 million of 3.90% Senior Notes due February 2052. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes.
On December 2, 2021, Aon Corporation and Aon Global Holdings plc co-issued $500 million aggregate principal amount of 2.60% Senior Notes set to mature on December 2, 2031. The Company intends to use the net proceeds of the offering for general corporate purposes.
In November 2021, the Company’s $500 million 2.20% Senior Notes due November 2022 were classified as Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt in the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position as the date of maturity was within one year.
On August 23, 2021, Aon Corporation and Aon Global Holdings plc co-issued $400 million of 2.05% Senior Notes due August 2031 and $600 million of 2.90% Senior Notes due August 2051. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering for general corporate purposes.
On January 13, 2021, Aon Global Limited issued an irrevocable notice of redemption to holders of its 2.80% Senior Notes for the redemption of all $400 million outstanding aggregate principal amount of the notes, which were set to mature in March 2021 and classified as Short-term debt and current portion of long-term debt as of December 31, 2020. The redemption date was on February 16, 2021 and resulted in an insignificant loss due to extinguishment.
Other Liquidity Matters
Distributable Profits
We are required under Irish law to have available “distributable profits” to make share repurchases or pay dividends to shareholders. Distributable profits are created through the earnings of the Irish parent company and, among other methods, through intercompany dividends or a reduction in share capital approved by the High Court of Ireland. Distributable profits are not linked to a U.S. GAAP reported amount (e.g. retained earnings). As of March 31, 2022 and December 31, 2021, we had distributable profits in excess of $31.7 billion and $32.7 billion, respectively. We believe that we will have sufficient distributable profits for the foreseeable future.
Credit Facilities
We expect cash generated by operations for 2022 to be sufficient to service our debt and contractual obligations, finance capital expenditures, and continue to pay dividends to our shareholders. Although cash from operations is expected to be sufficient to service these activities, we have the ability to access the commercial paper markets or borrow under our credit
facilities to accommodate any timing differences in cash flows. Additionally, under current market conditions, we believe that we could access capital markets to obtain debt financing for longer-term funding, if needed.
As of March 31, 2022, we had two primary committed credit facilities outstanding: our $1.0 billion multi-currency U.S. credit facility expiring in September 2026 and our $750 million multi-currency U.S. credit facility expiring in October 2023. In aggregate, these two facilities provide $1.75 billion in available credit.
Each of these primary committed credit facilities includes customary representations, warranties, and covenants, including financial covenants that require us to maintain specified ratios of adjusted consolidated EBITDA to consolidated interest expense and consolidated debt to consolidated adjusted EBITDA, tested quarterly. At March 31, 2022, we did not have borrowings under either facility, and we were in compliance with the financial covenants and all other covenants contained therein during the rolling 12 months ended March 31, 2022.
Shelf Registration Statement
On May 12, 2020, we filed a shelf registration statement with the SEC, registering the offer and sale from time to time of an indeterminate amount of, among other securities, debt securities, preference shares, class A Ordinary Shares and convertible securities. Our ability to access the market as a source of liquidity is dependent on investor demand, market conditions, and other factors.
Rating Agency Ratings
The major rating agencies’ ratings of our debt at April 29, 2022 appear in the table below.
| Ratings | |||||||||||||||||
| Senior Long-term Debt | Commercial Paper | Outlook | |||||||||||||||
| Standard & Poor’s | A- | A-2 | Stable | ||||||||||||||
| Moody’s Investor Services | Baa2 | P-2 | Stable | ||||||||||||||
| Fitch, Inc. | BBB+ | F-2 | Stable |
Letters of Credit and Other Guarantees
We have entered into a number of arrangements whereby our performance on certain obligations is guaranteed by a third party through the issuance of a letter of credit. We had total LOCs outstanding of approximately $74 million at March 31, 2022, compared to $75 million at December 31, 2021. These LOCs cover the beneficiaries related to certain of our U.S. and Canadian non-qualified pension plan schemes and secure deductible retentions for our own workers compensation program. We also have obtained LOCs to cover contingent payments for taxes and other business obligations to third parties, and other guarantees for miscellaneous purposes at our international subsidiaries.
We have certain contractual contingent guarantees for premium payments owed by clients to certain insurance companies. The maximum exposure with respect to such contractual contingent guarantees was approximately $85 million at March 31, 2022, compared to $153 million at December 31, 2021.
Guarantee of Registered Securities
In connection with the Ireland Reorganization, on April 1, 2020 Aon plc and Aon Global Holdings plc entered into various agreements pursuant to which they agreed to guarantee the obligations of Aon Corporation arising under issued and outstanding debt securities, which were previously guaranteed solely by Aon Global Limited and the obligations of Aon Global Limited arising under issued and outstanding debt securities, which were previously guaranteed solely by Aon Corporation. Those agreements included: (1) Second Amended and Restated Indenture, dated April 1, 2020, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited, Aon plc, and Aon Global Holdings plc and the Trustee (amending and restating the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated April 2, 2012, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited and the Trustee); (2) Amended and Restated Indenture, dated April 1, 2020, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited, Aon plc, Aon Global Holdings plc and the Trustee (amending and restating the Indenture, dated December 12, 2012, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited plc and the Trustee); (3) Second Amended and Restated Indenture, dated April 1, 2020, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited, Aon plc, Aon Global Holdings plc and the Trustee (amending and restating the Amended and Restated Indenture, dated May 20, 2015, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited and the Trustee); (4) Amended and Restated Indenture, dated April 1, 2020, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited, Aon plc, Aon Global Holdings plc and the Trustee (amending and restating the Indenture, dated November 13, 2015, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited and the Trustee); and (5) Amended and Restated Indenture, dated April 1, 2020, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited, Aon plc, Aon Global
Holdings plc and the Trustee (amending and restating the Indenture, dated December 3, 2018, among Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited and the Trustee).
After the Ireland Reorganization, newly issued and outstanding debt securities by Aon Corporation are guaranteed by Aon Global Limited, Aon plc, and Aon Global Holdings plc, and include the following (collectively, the “Aon Corporation Notes”):
| Aon Corporation Notes | ||
| 2.20% Senior Notes due November 2022 | ||
| 8.205% Junior Subordinated Notes due January 2027 | ||
| 4.50% Senior Notes due December 2028 | ||
| 3.75% Senior Notes due May 2029 | ||
| 2.80% Senior Notes due May 2030 | ||
| 6.25% Senior Notes due September 2040 |
All guarantees of Aon plc, Aon Global Limited, and Aon Global Holdings plc of the Aon Corporation Notes are joint and several as well as full and unconditional. Senior Notes rank pari passu in right of payment with all other present and future unsecured debt which is not expressed to be subordinate or junior in rank to any other unsecured debt of Aon Corporation. There are no subsidiaries other than those listed above that guarantee the Aon Corporation Notes.
After the Ireland Reorganization, newly issued and outstanding debt securities by Aon Global Limited are guaranteed by Aon plc, Aon Global Holdings plc, and Aon Corporation, and include the following (collectively, the “Aon Global Limited Notes”):
| Aon Global Limited Notes | ||
| 4.00% Senior Notes due November 2023 | ||
| 3.50% Senior Notes due June 2024 | ||
| 3.875% Senior Notes due December 2025 | ||
| 2.875% Senior Notes due May 2026 | ||
| 4.25% Senior Notes due December 2042 | ||
| 4.45% Senior Notes due May 2043 | ||
| 4.60% Senior Notes due June 2044 | ||
| 4.75% Senior Notes due May 2045 |
All guarantees of Aon plc, Aon Global Holdings plc, and Aon Corporation of the Aon Global Limited Notes are joint and several as well as full and unconditional. Senior Notes rank pari passu in right of payment with all other present and future unsecured debt which is not expressed to be subordinate or junior in rank to any other unsecured debt of Aon Global Limited. There are no subsidiaries other than those listed above that guarantee the Aon Global Limited Notes.
Newly co-issued and outstanding debt securities by Aon Corporation and Aon Global Holdings plc (together, the “Co-Issuers”) are guaranteed by Aon plc and Aon Global Limited and include the following (collectively, the “Co-Issued Notes”):
| Co-Issued Notes - Aon Corporation and Aon Global Holdings plc | ||
| 2.85% Senior Notes due May 2027 | ||
| 2.05% Senior Notes due August 2031 | ||
| 2.60% Senior Notes due December 2031 | ||
| 2.90% Senior Notes due August 2051 | ||
| 3.90% Senior Notes due February 2052 |
All guarantees of Aon plc and Aon Global Limited of the Co-Issued Notes are joint and several as well as full and unconditional. Senior Notes rank pari passu in right of payment with all other present and future unsecured debt which is not expressed to be subordinate or junior in rank to any other unsecured debt of the Co-Issuers. There are no subsidiaries other than those listed above that guarantee the Co-Issued Notes.
Aon Corporation, Aon Global Limited, and Aon Global Holdings plc are indirect wholly owned subsidiaries of Aon plc. Aon plc, Aon Global Limited, Aon Global Holdings plc, and Aon Corporation together comprise the “Obligor group”. The following tables set forth summarized financial information for the Obligor group.
Adjustments are made to the tables to eliminate intercompany balances and transactions between the Obligor group. Intercompany balances and transactions between the Obligor group and non-guarantor subsidiaries are presented as separate line items within the summarized financial information. These balances are presented on a net presentation basis, rather than a gross basis, as this better reflects the nature of the intercompany positions and presents the funding or funded position that is to be received or owed. No balances or transactions of non-guarantor subsidiaries are presented in the summarized financial information, including investments of the Obligor group in non-guarantor subsidiaries.
| Obligor Group | ||||||||
| Summarized Statement of Income Information | ||||||||
| Three Months Ended | ||||||||
| (millions) | March 31, 2022 | |||||||
| Revenue | $ | — | ||||||
| Operating loss | $ | (24) | ||||||
| Expense from non-guarantor subsidiaries before income taxes | $ | (171) | ||||||
| Net loss | $ | (279) | ||||||
| Net loss attributable to Aon shareholders | $ | (279) |
| Obligor Group | |||||||||||
| Summarized Statement of Financial Position Information | |||||||||||
| As of | As of | ||||||||||
| (millions) | March 31, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | |||||||||
| Receivables due from non-guarantor subsidiaries | $ | 2,751 | $ | 1,646 | |||||||
| Other current assets | 217 | 57 | |||||||||
| Total current assets | $ | 2,968 | $ | 1,703 | |||||||
| Non-current receivables due from non-guarantor subsidiaries | $ | 490 | $ | 498 | |||||||
| Other non-current assets | 890 | 882 | |||||||||
| Total non-current assets | $ | 1,380 | $ | 1,380 | |||||||
| Payables to non-guarantor subsidiaries | $ | 14,429 | $ | 13,509 | |||||||
| Other current liabilities | 2,183 | 2,013 | |||||||||
| Total current liabilities | $ | 16,612 | $ | 15,522 | |||||||
| Non-current payables to non-guarantor subsidiaries | $ | 7,140 | $ | 7,139 | |||||||
| Other non-current liabilities | 10,931 | 9,512 | |||||||||
| Total non-current liabilities | $ | 18,071 | $ | 16,651 |
CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES
There have been no changes in our critical accounting policies, which include revenue recognition, pensions, goodwill and other intangible assets, contingencies, share-based payments, and income taxes, as discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
As described in Note 2 “Accounting Principles and Practices” to our Financial Statements contained in Part I, Item 1, all issued, but not yet effective, guidance has been deemed not applicable or not significant to the Financial Statements.
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