Aon 10-Q 2025-09-30

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2025

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission file number 1-7933

Aon plc

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

+353 1 266 6000

(Registrant’s Telephone Number,

including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

Number of class A ordinary shares of Aon plc, $0.01 nominal value, outstanding as of October 30, 2025: 214,935,265

INFORMATION CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report contains certain statements related to future results, or states our intentions, beliefs, and expectations or predictions for the future, all of which are forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). Forward-looking statements represent management’s expectations or forecasts of future events. These statements include statements about our plans, objectives, strategies, financial performance and outlook, trends, prospects or other future events and involve known and unknown risks that are difficult to predict. Forward-looking statements are typically identified by words such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “project,” “positioned,” “intend,” “plan,” “probably,” “potential,” “looking forward,” “continue,” and other similar terms, and future or conditional tense verbs like “could,” “may,” “might,” “should,” “will,” and “would.” You can also identify forward-looking statements by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. For example, we may use forward-looking statements when addressing topics such as: market and industry conditions, including competitive and pricing trends; changes in our business strategies and methods of generating revenue; the development and performance of our services and products; changes in the composition or level of our revenues; our cost structure and the outcome of cost-saving or restructuring initiatives, including the impacts of the Accelerating Aon United Program; the outcome of contingencies; dividend policy; the expected impact of acquisitions, dispositions, and other significant transactions or the termination thereof; litigation and regulatory matters; pension obligations; cash flow and liquidity; expected effective tax rate; expected foreign currency translation impacts; potential changes in laws or future actions by regulators; and the impact of changes in accounting rules. These forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from either historical or anticipated results depending on a variety of factors. Potential factors, which may be revised or supplemented in subsequent reports filed or furnished with the Securities and Exchange Commission, that could impact results include:

• changes in the competitive environment, due to macroeconomic conditions or otherwise, or damage to our reputation;

• fluctuations in currency exchange, interest, or inflation rates that could impact our financial condition or results;

• changes in global equity and fixed income markets that could affect the return on invested assets;

• changes in the funded status of our various defined benefit pension plans and the impact of any increased pension funding resulting from those changes;

• the level of our debt and the terms thereof reducing our flexibility or increasing borrowing costs;

• rating agency actions that could limit our access to capital and our competitive position;

• our global tax rate being subject to a variety of different factors, including the adoption and implementation in the European Union, the United States, the United Kingdom, or other countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development tax proposals or other pending proposals in those and other countries, which could create volatility in that tax rate;

• changes in our accounting estimates and assumptions on our financial statements;

• limits on our subsidiaries’ ability to pay dividends or otherwise make payments to their respective parent entities;

• the impact of legal proceedings and other contingencies, including those arising from acquisition or disposition transactions, errors and omissions and other claims against us (including proceedings and contingencies relating to transactions for which capital was arranged by Vesttoo Ltd. or related to actions we may take in being responsible for making decisions on behalf of clients in our investment businesses or in other advisory services that we currently provide, or may provide in the future);

• the impact of, and potential challenges in complying with, laws and regulations of the jurisdictions in which we operate, particularly given the global nature of our operations and the possibility of differing or conflicting laws and regulations, or the application or interpretation thereof, across such jurisdictions;

• the impact of any regulatory investigations brought in Ireland, the United Kingdom, the United States, and other countries;

• failure to protect intellectual property rights or allegations that we have infringed on the intellectual property rights of others;

• general economic and political conditions in the countries in which we do business around the world;

• the failure to retain, attract and develop experienced and qualified personnel;

• international risks associated with our global operations, including geopolitical conflicts, tariffs, or changes in trade policies;

• the effects of natural or human-caused disasters, including the effects of health pandemics and the impacts of climate-related events;

• any system or network disruption or breach resulting in operational interruption or improper disclosure of confidential, personal, or proprietary data, and resulting liabilities or damage to our reputation;

• our ability to develop, implement, update, and enhance new technology;

• the actions taken by third parties that perform aspects of our business operations and client services;

• our ability to continue, and the costs and risks associated with growing, developing and integrating acquired business, and entering into new lines of business or products;

• our ability to secure regulatory approval and complete transactions, and the costs and risks associated with the failure to consummate proposed transactions;

• changes in commercial property and casualty markets, commercial premium rates or methods of compensation;

• our ability to develop and implement innovative growth strategies and initiatives intended to yield cost savings (including the Accelerating Aon United Program) and the ability to achieve such growth or cost savings;

• the effects of Irish law on our operating flexibility and the enforcement of judgments against us;

• adverse effects on the market price of Aon’s securities and/or operating results for any reason, including, without limitation, because of a failure to realize the expected benefits of the acquisition of NFP (including anticipated revenue and growth synergies) in the expected timeframe, or at all; and

• significant integration costs in connection with the acquisition of NFP or unknown or inestimable liabilities.

Any or all of our forward-looking statements may turn out to be inaccurate, and there are no guarantees about our performance. The factors identified above are not exhaustive. Aon and its subsidiaries operate in a dynamic business environment in which new risks may emerge frequently. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the dates on which they are made. We are under no (and expressly disclaim any) obligation to update or alter any forward-looking statement that we may make from time to time, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

Further information about factors that could materially affect Aon, including our results of operations and financial condition, is contained in our filings with the SEC, including the “Risk Factors” section in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024. These factors may be revised or supplemented in our subsequent periodic filings with the SEC.

Table of Contents

The below definitions apply throughout this report unless the context requires otherwise:

Part I Financial Information

Aon plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income

(Unaudited)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Aon plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(Unaudited)

See accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited).

Aon plc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Position

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OF THIRD QUARTER 2025 FINANCIAL RESULTS

Aon plc is a leading global professional services firm providing a broad range of Risk Capital and Human Capital solutions. Through our experience, global reach, and comprehensive analytics, we help clients meet rapidly changing, increasingly complex, and interconnected challenges related to risk and people. We are committed to accelerating innovation to address unmet and evolving client needs so that our clients are better informed, better advised, and able to make better decisions to protect and grow their business. Management remains focused on strengthening Aon and uniting the firm with a portfolio of Risk Capital and Human Capital capabilities enabled by data and analytics and a united operating model to deliver additional insight, connectivity, and efficiency.

Financial Results

The following is a summary of our third quarter of 2025 financial results.

• Revenue increased $276 million, or 7%, to $4.0 billion compared to the prior year period. The increase reflects 7% organic revenue growth and a 1% favorable impact from foreign currency translation, partially offset by a 1% unfavorable impact from acquisitions, divestitures and other items. Risk Capital revenue increased $170 million, or 7%, to $2.5 billion and Human Capital revenue increased $106 million, or 8%, to $1.5 billion compared to the prior year period. For the first nine months of 2025, Revenue increased $1.3 billion, or 12%, to $12.9 billion compared to the prior year period. The increase reflects the contribution from NFP and 6% organic revenue growth. Risk Capital revenue increased $602 million, or 8%, to $8.6 billion and Human Capital revenue increased $714 million, or 20%, to $4.3 billion compared to the prior year period.

• Operating expenses increased $83 million, or 3%, to $3.2 billion compared to the prior year period due primarily to an increase in expense associated with 7% organic revenue growth and an unfavorable impact from foreign currency translation, partially offset by lower Accelerating Aon United program expenses, $35 million of net restructuring savings and a reduction in integration costs related to NFP. Risk Capital operating expenses increased $146 million, or 8%, to $1.9 billion and Human Capital operating expenses decreased $24 million, or 2%, to $1.1 billion compared to the prior year period. For the first nine months of 2025, Operating expenses increased $938 million, or 11%, to $9.7 billion compared to the prior year period due primarily to the inclusion of NFP’s ongoing expenses, an increase in intangible asset amortization associated with the NFP acquisition and other acquisitions completed in the year, an increase in expense associated with 6% organic revenue growth and investments in long-term growth, partially offset by $110 million of net restructuring savings and transaction costs incurred in the prior year period. Risk Capital operating expenses increased $486 million, or 9%, to $5.9 billion and Human Capital operating expenses increased $541 million, or 19%, to $3.5 billion compared to the prior year period.

• Operating margin increased to 20.4% from 16.7% in the prior year period, driven by organic revenue growth of 7% and $35 million of net restructuring savings, partially offset by an increase in operating expenses as previously described. Risk Capital operating margin decreased to 23.2% from 23.8% and Human Capital operating margin increased to 22.5% from 14.8% compared to the prior year period. For the first nine months of 2025, Operating margin increased to 24.3% from 23.8% in the prior year period, driven primarily by organic revenue growth of 6% and $110 million of net restructuring savings, partially offset by the inclusion of ongoing operating expenses from NFP and an increase in operating expenses related to organic growth as previously described. Risk Capital operating margin decreased to 30.8% from 31.7% and Human Capital operating margin increased to 19.8% from 18.9% compared to the prior year period.

• Due to the factors set forth above, Net income increased $115 million, or 32%, to $470 million compared to the prior year period. For the first nine months of 2025, Net income increased $60 million, or 3%, to $2.0 billion compared to the prior year period.

• Diluted earnings per share was $2.11 compared to $1.57 per share for the prior year period. For the first nine months of 2025, Diluted earnings per share was $9.21 compared to $9.20 per share for the prior year period.

• Cash flows provided by operating activities was $2.1 billion for the first nine months of 2025, an increase of $249 million, or 14%, from $1.8 billion in the prior year period, primarily due to strong adjusted operating income growth and lower NFP-related transaction costs, partially offset by higher payments related to incentive compensation, interest and restructuring.

We focus on four key metrics that are not presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP that we communicate to shareholders: organic revenue growth, adjusted operating margin, adjusted diluted earnings per share, and free cash flow. These non-GAAP metrics should be viewed in addition to, not instead of, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. The following is our measure of performance against these four metrics for the third quarter of 2025:

• Organic revenue growth, a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Organic Revenue Growth,” was 7% for the third quarter of 2025 and 6% for the first nine months of 2025, driven by net new business and ongoing strong retention.

• Adjusted operating margin, a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Adjusted Operating Margin,” was 26.3% for the third quarter of 2025 compared to 24.6% in the prior year period. The increase in adjusted operating margin primarily reflects 7% organic revenue growth and $35 million of net restructuring savings, partially offset by increased operating expenses. Risk Capital adjusted operating margin decreased to 26.2% compared to 27.5% in the prior year period. Human Capital adjusted operating margin increased to 30.5% compared to 25.2% in the prior year period. For the first nine months of 2025, adjusted operating margin was 31.3% compared to 30.8% for the prior year period. The increase primarily reflects 6% organic revenue growth and $110 million of net restructuring savings. Risk Capital adjusted operating margin decreased to 34.4% compared to 34.8% in the prior year period. Human Capital adjusted operating margin increased to 28.8% compared to 26.6% in the prior year period.

• Adjusted diluted earnings per share, a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Adjusted Diluted Earnings per Share,” was $3.05 per share for the third quarter of 2025, compared to $2.72 per share for the prior year period. For the first nine months of 2025, adjusted diluted earnings per share was $12.22 per share, compared to $11.16 per share for the prior year period.

• Free cash flow, a non-GAAP measure defined under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Free Cash Flow,” was $1.9 billion in the first nine months of 2025, an increase of $223 million, or 13%, from $1.7 billion in the prior year period, reflecting a $249 million increase in Cash flows from operations, primarily driven by strong adjusted operating income growth and lower NFP-related transaction costs, partially offset by higher payments related to incentive compensation, interest, and restructuring, and a $26 million increase in capital expenditures.

The current macroeconomic and geopolitical environment is subject to a number of uncertainties, including geopolitical conflicts, tariffs or changes in trade policies, capital markets volatility, and inflation. These and other factors have contributed and may continue to contribute to slower or negative economic growth and may create a challeng

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We are exposed to potential fluctuations in earnings, cash flows, and the fair values of certain of our assets and liabilities due to changes in interest rates and foreign exchange rates. To manage the risk from these exposures, we enter into a variety of derivative instruments. We do not enter into derivatives or financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The following discussion describes our specific exposures and the strategies we use to manage these risks. Refer to Note 2 “Summary of Significant Accounting Principles and Practices” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in Part II, Item 8 of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for a discussion of our accounting policies for financial instruments and derivatives.

Foreign Exchange Risk

We are subject to foreign exchange rate risk. Our primary exposures include exchange rates between the U.S. dollar and the euro, the British pound, the Canadian dollar, the Australian dollar, the Indian rupee, and the Japanese yen. We use over-the-counter options and forward contracts to reduce the impact of foreign currency risk to our financial statements.

Additionally, some of our non-U.S. subsidiaries receive revenue in currencies that differ from their functional currencies. Most significantly, our U.K. subsidiaries earn a portion of their revenue in U.S. dollars, euro, and Japanese yen, but most of their expenses are incurred in British pounds. We generally hedge up to 45% of our U.K. subsidiaries’ expected exposures to transactions denominated in U.S. dollar, euro, and Japanese yen. We generally do not hedge exposures beyond two years.

We also use forward and option contracts to economically hedge foreign exchange risk associated with monetary balance sheet exposures, such as intercompany notes and current assets and liabilities that are denominated in a non-functional currency and are subject to remeasurement.

The translated value of revenues and expenses from our international brokerage operations are subject to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates. A strengthening U.S. dollar has an adverse impact on our Net income attributable to shareholders, which are reported in U.S. dollars in our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. If we were to hypothetically translate prior year results at current quarter exchange rates, diluted earnings per share would have a de minimis comparable impact and an unfavorable $0.12 comparable impact during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively. Further, adjusted diluted earnings per share, a non-GAAP measure as defined and reconciled under the caption “Review of Consolidated Results — Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Share,” would have a favorable $0.02 comparable impact and an unfavorable $0.11 comparable impact during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025, respectively, if we were to hypothetically translate prior year results at current quarter exchange rates.

Interest Rate Risk

Our fiduciary investment income is affected by changes in international and domestic short-term interest rates. We monitor our net exposure to short-term interest rates and, as appropriate, hedge our exposure with various derivative financial instruments. This activity primarily relates to brokerage funds held on behalf of clients in the U.S. and in continental Europe. A decrease in global short-term interest rates adversely affects our fiduciary investment income.

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. We have conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of September 30, 2025. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures, as of September 30, 2025, were effective at a reasonable assurance level such that the information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2025 that have materially affected, or that are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Part II Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

See Note 15 “Claims, Lawsuits, and Other Contingencies” to our Financial Statements contained in Part I, Item 1 of this report, which is incorporated by reference herein.

The risk factors set forth in the “Risk Factors” section in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 reflect certain risks associated with existing and potential lines of business and contain “forward-looking statements” as discussed in “Information Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” elsewhere in this report. Readers should consider them in addition to the other information contained in this report as our business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected if any of these risks actually occur.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following information relates to the purchase of equity securities by Aon or any affiliated purchaser during each month within the third quarter of 2025:

(1)Does not include commissions paid to repurchase shares.

(2)The Repurchase Program was established in April 2012 with $5.0 billion in authorized repurchases and was increased by $5.0 billion in authorized repurchases in each of November 2014, June 2017, and November 2020, and by $7.5 billion in February 2022 for a total of $27.5 billion in repurchase authorizations.

Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

We did not make any unregistered sales of equity in the third quarter of 2025.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not Applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

Not Applicable.

Exhibits — The exhibits filed with this report are listed on the attached Exhibit Index.

Signature

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

Exhibit Index