Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
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Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE
The following is a description of certain relationships and transactions since January 1, 2022, for which the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and our directors, executive officers, or shareholders that are known to us to beneficially own more than five percent of our common stock have a direct or indirect material interest as well as certain other transactions.
Stockholders Agreement
On January 1, 2022, we entered into the Stockholders Agreement with the Former Managing Partners and certain affiliates of the Former Managing Partners.
The Stockholders Agreement provides, among other things:
- AGM will nominate each Former Managing Partner (or his designee, as applicable) as part of the director slate of the board of directors, for so long as such Former Managing Partner, together with the members of his family group, beneficially owns at least $400 million in value or 10 million in number of shares of Common Stock (the “Ownership Threshold”);
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each Former Managing Partner (or his designee, as applicable), will, if requested by the board of directors, resign from the board of directors in the event that such Former Managing Partner no longer meets the Ownership Threshold;
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each Former Managing Partner, together with the members of his family group, agrees to vote all of his or their respective shares of Common Stock in favor of the election of the other Former Managing Partners (or their designees, as applicable);
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AGM will recommend that its stockholders vote in favor of the Former Managing Partners (or their designees, as applicable) and AGM will otherwise take reasonable action to support their nomination and election (including by filling vacancies on the board of directors, if necessary);
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each Former Managing Partner (but not his designee) will be entitled to a seat on the Executive Committee so long as such Former Managing Partner serves on the board of directors;
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AGM will not make any non-pro rata distributions or payments to any Former Managing Partners without the consent of the other Former Managing Partners;
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each Former Managing Partner and AGM agree not to take actions inconsistent with the terms of the Stockholders Agreement or in a manner that is discriminatory as to one or more of the Former Managing Partners, and will agree to oppose any such actions if proposed by others;
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each Former Managing Partner will have customary information rights regarding AGM’s business, so long as such Former Managing Partner, together with the members of his family group, meets an ownership threshold equal to 50% of the Ownership Threshold; and
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each Former Managing Partner will be entitled to the use of office space at AGM’s offices and administrative and logistics support provided by AGM; provided, that such Former Managing Partner continues to (a) provide services to AGM (other than as a member of the board of directors), (b) serve on the Executive Committee or (c) serve as the chairman of the board of directors or of any committee of the board of directors.
The Stockholders Agreement also grants to each Former Managing Partner (and his permitted transferees) the right, under certain circumstances and subject to certain restrictions, to require AGM to register under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), shares of Common Stock held or acquired by them. Under the Stockholders Agreement, each Former Managing Partner (and his permitted transferees) (i) has “demand” registration rights that require AGM to register under the Securities Act the shares of Common Stock that he (and his permitted transferees) holds or acquires, (ii) may require AGM to make available registration statements permitting sales of shares of Common Stock he holds or acquires in the market from time to time over an extended period and (iii) has the ability to exercise certain piggyback registration rights in connection with registered offerings requested by other registration rights holders or initiated by AGM. AGM has agreed to indemnify each Former Managing Partner (and his permitted transferees, together with certain related parties) against any losses or damages resulting from any untrue statement or omission of material fact in any registration statement or prospectus pursuant to which such holder sells shares of Common Stock, unless such liability arose from the holder’s misstatement or omission, and each Former Managing Partner (and his permitted transferees) has agreed to indemnify AGM against all losses caused by his (or their) misstatements or omissions.
Registration Rights Agreement
On January 1, 2022, AGM entered into a Registration Rights Agreement with Mr. James Zelter and Mr. Scott Kleinman (the “Registration Rights Agreement”). Pursuant to the Registration Rights Agreement, AGM has granted Messrs. Zelter and Kleinman and their permitted transferees the right, under certain circumstances and subject to certain restrictions, to require AGM to register under the Securities Act, shares of Common Stock held or acquired by them. Under the Registration Rights Agreement, the registration rights holders (i) have “demand” registration rights that require AGM to register under the Securities Act the shares of Common Stock that they hold or acquire, (ii) may require AGM to make available registration statements permitting sales of shares of Common Stock they hold or acquire in the market from time to time over an extended period and (iii) have the ability to exercise certain piggyback registration rights in connection with registered offerings requested by other registration rights holders or initiated by AGM. AGM has agreed to indemnify each registration rights holder and certain related parties against any losses or damages resulting from any untrue statement or omission of material fact in any registration statement or prospectus pursuant to which such holder sells shares of Common Stock, unless such liability arose from the holder’s misstatement or omission, and each registration rights holder has agreed to indemnify AGM against all losses caused by his misstatements or omissions.
Exchange Implementation Agreement
On December 31, 2021, in connection with the restructuring of AAM that occurred prior to the closing of the Mergers (the “AAM restructuring”), AGM and certain other persons entered into an Exchange Implementation Agreement (the “Exchange
Implementation Agreement”) with certain holders of Apollo Operating Group (as defined in the amended and restated certificate of incorporation of AGM) units (“AOG Units”). Pursuant to the Exchange Implementation Agreement, such holders of AOG Units exchanged a portion of such AOG Units for shares of Common Stock concurrently with the consummation of the Mergers. Additionally, under the Exchange Implementation Agreement, on December 31, 2021, the remainder of the AOG Units held by such holders were sold and transferred to APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of AAM, in exchange for an amount equal to $3.66 multiplied by the total number of AOG Units held by such holders as of immediately prior to the AAM restructuring. Such amount is payable over a period of three years in equal quarterly installments.
Roll-Up Agreements
Pursuant to the Roll-Up Agreements dated as of July 13, 2007, certain of AGM’s current and former employees (the “Contributing Partners”), including Messrs. Kleinman and Zelter received interests in AP Professional Holdings, L.P. (“Holdings”), which we refer to as AOG Units, in exchange for their contribution of assets to the limited partnerships and limited liability companies through which AAM operates its businesses. In connection with the closing of the Mergers, the Roll-Up Agreements were amended to remove all covenants and agreements contained therein other than provisions relating to certain previously consummated roll-up transactions and the litigation cooperation covenant and to add certain matters relating to AAM’s tax receivable agreement.
Amended and Restated Tax Receivable Agreement
Prior to the consummation of the AAM corporate reorganization on January 1, 2022, and subject to certain restrictions, each of the Former Managing Partners and Contributing Partners had the right to exchange the AOG Units that they held through their partnership interests in Holdings (together with the corresponding interest in AAM’s former share of Class B common stock) for AAM’s Class A shares in a taxable exchange. Each of the Apollo Operating Group entities having made an election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code, any such taxable exchanges, as well as acquisitions of units from the Former Managing Partners or Contributing Partners, resulted in an adjustment to the tax basis of a portion of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. These taxable exchanges resulted in increases in the tax depreciation and amortization deductions from depreciable and amortizable assets, as well as an increase in the tax basis of other assets, of the Apollo Operating Group that otherwise would not have been available. A portion of these increases in tax depreciation and amortization deductions, as well as the increase in the tax basis of such other assets, will reduce the amount of tax that AAM would otherwise be required to pay in the future.
AAM entered into a tax receivable agreement with the Former Managing Partners and Contributing Partners that provides for the payment by AMM to the Former Managing Partners or Contributing Partners of 85% of the amount of actual cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign income tax that we realize (or are deemed to realize in the case of an early termination payment by us or a change of control) as a result of these increases in tax deductions and tax basis, and certain other tax benefits, including imputed interest expense, related to payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement. AAM expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of actual cash savings, if any, in income tax that is realized. For purposes of the tax receivable agreement, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing AAM’s actual income tax liability to the amount of such taxes that it would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of the applicable Apollo Operating Group entity as a result of the transaction and had AAM not entered into the tax receivable agreement. The tax savings achieved may not ensure that AAM has sufficient cash available to pay its tax liability or generate additional distributions to stockholders. Also, we may need to incur additional debt to repay the tax receivable agreement if our cash flow needs are not met. The term of the tax receivable agreement will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired, unless AAM exercises the right to terminate the tax receivable agreement by paying an amount based on the present value of payments remaining to be made under the agreement with respect to units that have been exchanged or sold. In May 2022, AAM irrevocably waived its early termination right in the tax receivable agreement.
The Internal Revenue Service (the “IRS”) could challenge AAM’s claim to any increase in the tax basis of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group that resulted from the exchanges entered into by the Former Managing Partners or Contributing Partners. The IRS could also challenge any additional tax depreciation and amortization deductions or other tax benefits (including deductions for imputed interest expense associated with payments made under the tax receivable agreement) that AAM claimed as a result of, or in connection with, such increases in the tax basis of such assets. If the IRS were to successfully challenge a tax basis increase or tax benefits AAM previously claimed from a tax basis increase, the Former Managing Partners and Contributing Partners would not be obligated under the tax receivable agreement to reimburse AAM for any payments previously made to them (although any future payments would be adjusted to reflect the result of such challenge). As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made to the Former Managing Partners and Contributing Partners under the tax
receivable agreement in excess of 85% of AAM’s actual aggregate cash tax savings. In general, estimating the amount of payments that may be made to the Former Managing Partners and Contributing Partners under the tax receivable agreement is by its nature, imprecise, in the absence of an actual transaction, insofar as the calculation of amounts payable depends on a variety of factors. The actual increase in tax basis and the amount and timing of any payments under the tax receivable agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the timing and amount of our future income.
For the year ended December 31, 2022, AAM made payments totaling $46,448,460 to the Former Managing Partners and Contributing Partners who are executive officers (or to their estate planning vehicles) pursuant to the tax receivable agreement, related to tax benefits treated as realized thereunder by APO Corp. in 2021. Those payments included the following amounts: $12,742,800 for Mr. Black, $16,696,876 for Mr. Harris, $16,484,054 for Mr. Rowan, $348,903 for Mr. Kleinman, and $175,827 for Mr. Zelter.
Employment Arrangements
Please see the section entitled “Executive Compensation—Employment Agreements” and “—Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control” for a description of the employment agreements of our named executive officers who have employment agreements.
In addition, Joshua Black, a son of Leon Black, is currently employed as a Partner in AAM’s financial institutions group. He is entitled to receive a base salary, incentive compensation and employee benefits comparable to those offered to similarly situated employees of AAM. He is also eligible to receive an annual performance-based bonus in an amount determined by AAM in its discretion.
Firm Use of Private Aircraft
In the normal course of business, our personnel made use of aircraft owned as personal assets by entities controlled by Messrs. Rowan and Harris. Messrs. Rowan and Harris paid for their respective purchases of the aircraft and bear all operating, personnel and maintenance costs associated with their operation for personal use. Payments by us for the business use of these aircraft by Messrs. Rowan and Harris and other of our personnel are determined based on a specified hourly rate. In 2022, AAM made payments of $4,555,936 and $94,631 for the use of such aircraft owned by entities controlled by Messrs. Rowan and Harris, respectively.
Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (“AMH”), a subsidiary of AGM, leases an aircraft from time to time for business use from Bank of Utah, not in its individual capacity but solely as owner trustee (“BOU”), of an aircraft beneficially owned by MarCar 5000 LLC (“MarCar”), a company beneficially owned by Marc Rowan. For its flights under the lease, AMH pays rent to BOU and pays the costs to hire flight crew and operate the aircraft. The agreements were approved by the Conflicts Committee of the AAM Board based on Apollo’s interest in ensuring the safety and security of Mr. Rowan for his business flights for Apollo. AMH also receives a waiver of liability claims from Mr. Rowan, MarCar and BOU. In 2022, AMH paid rent of $1,224,276 under the lease and paid additional costs of $777,030 for flight crew, fuel and operational expenses for its business use of the aircraft.
Investments in Apollo Funds
Our directors and executive officers are generally permitted to invest their own capital (or capital of estate planning vehicles controlled by them or their immediate family members) directly in the funds we manage and affiliated entities. In general, such investments are not subject to management fees, and in certain instances, may not be subject to performance fees. In addition, from time to time, our directors and executive officers are offered an opportunity to invest their own capital in vehicles managed by third-party sponsors with which we or AGM have a strategic relationship (such investments with third-party sponsors, “Third-Party Sponsored Fund Investments”). Such investment opportunities may not be subject to management fees and/or performance fees. The opportunity to invest in the funds we manage and such third-party sponsored vehicles in this manner is available to our directors, executive officers and those of our employees whom we have determined to have a status that reasonably permits us to offer them these types of investments in compliance with applicable laws. As of December 31, 2022, our professionals have committed or invested approximately $2.2 billion of their own capital to such funds.
The amount invested in our investment funds and in Third-Party Sponsored Fund Investments by our directors, executive officers and Messrs. Black and Harris (and their immediate family members or estate planning vehicles controlled by them or
their immediate family members) during 2022 was $1,668,940, $5,903,163, $365,040, $305,936, $17,273,252, $1,244,077, $5,729,022, $23,198,718, $2,397,653, $8,546,645, $2,184,986, $1,390,530 and $138,416 for Messrs. Beilinson, Belardi, Black, Ducey, Harris, Kelly, Kleinman, Rowan, Simon, Suydam, and Zelter and Messes. Hormozi and Richards, respectively. The amount of distributions on their fund investments, including profits and return of capital to our directors and executive officers (and, in some cases, their immediate family members or certain estate planning vehicles controlled by them or their immediate family members) during 2022 was $850, $2,916,226, $3,070,580, $310,684, $14,276,660, $680,602, $9,768,077, $6,142,084, $1,700, $3,305,576, $2,790,446 and $66,448 for Messrs. Beilinson, Belardi, Black, Ducey, Harris, Kelly, Kleinman, Rowan, Simon, Suydam, and Zelter, and Ms. Richards, respectively.
Sub-Advisory Arrangements and Strategic Investment Accounts
From time to time, we have entered into sub-advisory arrangements with, or established strategic investment accounts for, certain of our directors and executive officers or vehicles they manage. Such arrangements have been approved in advance in accordance with our policy regarding transactions with related persons. In addition, such sub-advisory arrangements or strategic investment accounts have been entered into with, or advised by, an Apollo entity serving as investment advisor registered under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, and any fee arrangements, if applicable, have been on an arms-length basis. The amount of such fees paid by our directors and executive officers or vehicles they manage to us during 2022 was $461,064 for Mr. Harris and $42,626 for Mr. Rowan.
Indemnification of Directors, Officers and Others
Under our certificate of incorporation, in most circumstances we will be obligated to indemnify the following persons, to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, from and against all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts: AAM’s Former Manager; any Affiliate of AAM’s Former Manager; any member, partner, Tax Matters Partner, Partnership Representative, officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of any Corporate Group Member (each as defined in our certificate of incorporation), AAM’s Former Manager or any of its respective Affiliates; any Person who was serving at the request of AAM’s Former Manager or any of its respective Affiliates as an officer, director, employee, member, partner, Tax Matters Partner, Partnership Representative, agent, fiduciary or trustee of another Person; provided, that a Person shall not be included by reason of providing, on a fee-for-services basis, trustee, fiduciary or custodial services; and any person that our board of directors in its sole discretion designates as an “Indemnified Person” as permitted by applicable law.
We have agreed to provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. We have also agreed to provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings. Any indemnification under these provisions will only be out of our assets. We may purchase insurance against liabilities asserted against and expenses incurred by persons for our activities, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify the person against liabilities under our certificate of incorporation.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our directors, executive officers and certain of our employees which set forth the obligations described above.
We have also agreed to indemnify each of the Former Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners, including Messrs. Kleinman and Zelter, against certain amounts that they are required to pay in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made performance fee distributions in respect of Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. and its parallel fund, Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. and its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles, and Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. and its parallel funds and alternative investment vehicles.
We also currently maintain liability insurance for our directors and officers.
Statement of Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons
We have adopted a written Related Person Transactions Policy (the “policy”), which sets forth our policy with respect to the review, approval, ratification and disclosure of all material related person transactions by the Audit Committee. In accordance with the policy, the Audit Committee has overall responsibility for implementation of and compliance with the policy.
For purposes of the policy, a “related person transaction” is a transaction, arrangement or relationship (or any series of similar transactions, arrangements or relationships) in which we were, are or will be a participant and the amount involved exceeded, exceeds or will exceed $120,000 and in which any related person (as defined in the policy) had, has or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
The policy requires that notice of a proposed related person transaction be provided to AGM’s Chief Legal Officer prior to entry into such transaction. If the Chief Legal Officer determines that such transaction is a related person transaction and does not fall within certain categories of pre-approved transactions listed in our policy, the proposed transaction will be submitted to our Audit Committee for consideration or in certain instances, to the Audit Committee Chairperson. Under the policy, our Audit Committee or the Audit Committee Chairperson may approve only those related person transactions that are in, or not inconsistent with, AGM’s best interests. In the event that we become aware of a related person transaction that has not been previously reviewed, approved or ratified under the policy and that is ongoing or is completed, the transaction will be submitted to the Audit Committee so that it may determine whether to ratify, rescind or terminate the related person transaction (provided that a interested director is required to be recused from such determination). The policy provides that no member of the Audit Committee shall participate in any review, consideration, or approval of any related person transaction with respect to which such member or any of his or her immediate family members is the related person.
The policy also provides that the Audit Committee monitor certain previously approved or ratified related person transactions that are ongoing to assess whether amending or terminating the related person transaction would be in our best interests and the best interests of our stockholders. Additionally, we make periodic inquiries of directors and executive officers with respect to any potential related person transaction of which they may be a party or of which they may be aware.
Independence and Composition of Our Board of Directors
Our board of directors currently consists of 16 directors. Our Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee recommended, and our board of directors determined that twelve of our directors, Messrs. Beilinson, Clayton, Ducey, Emerson, Krongard, Simon and Swann, Mses. Bibliowicz, Hormozi, Joyner and Richards, and Dr. Healey, are independent under the NYSE rules relating to corporate governance matters and the independence standards described in our Corporate Governance Guidelines. All committee members on the Audit Committee, Compensation Committee, Nominating and Corporate Governance, and Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility Committee are independent. Under our Corporate Governance Guidelines, directors are expected to satisfy the following criteria: (i) dedicate sufficient time, energy and attention to ensure the diligent performance of their duties; (ii) comply with the duties and responsibilities set forth herein and in the bylaws of AGM; (iii) comply with all duties of care, loyalty and confidentiality applicable to directors of publicly traded corporations organized in our jurisdiction of incorporation; and (iv) adhere to AGM’s Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, including, but not limited to, the policies on conflicts of interest expressed therein and any other Company policies that apply to directors.
The board of directors includes five members who identify as women, two of whom identify as African American or Black and one of whom identifies as Asian Mideast/Persian. The board of directors also includes a member who identifies as African American or Black and Alaskan Native or American Indian. The board of directors also includes a member who is a veteran. Two of our directors who identify as women serve in board leadership roles: Pauline Richards serves as Chair of the Audit Committee and Dr. Kerry Murphy Healey serves as Chair of the Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility Committee. Our director who is a veteran, A.B. Krongard, serves as Chair of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee.
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