UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2026

OR

For the transition period from ______ to ______

Commission file number: 001-34028

AMERICAN WATER WORKS COMPANY, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

1 Water Street, Camden, NJ 08102-1658

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(856) 955-4001

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐ Yes ☒ No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Form 10-Q”), unless the context otherwise requires, references to the “Company” and “American Water” mean American Water Works Company, Inc. and all of its subsidiaries, taken together as a whole. References to the “parent company” mean American Water Works Company, Inc., without its subsidiaries.

The Company maintains a website at https://amwater.com and an Investor Relations website at https://ir.amwater.com. Information contained on the Company’s websites shall not be deemed incorporated into, or to be a part of, this report, and any website references included herein are not intended to be made through active hyperlinks.

i

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

Statements included in Part I, Item 2—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in other sections of this Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. In some cases, these forward-looking statements can be identified by words with prospective meanings such as “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “predict,” “project,” “propose,” “assume,” “forecast,” “likely,” “uncertain,” “outlook,” “future,” “pending,” “goal,” “objective,” “potential,” “continue,” “seek to,” “may,” “can,” “should,” “will” and “could” or the negative of such terms or other variations or similar expressions. Forward-looking statements may relate to, among other things: the Company’s future financial performance, liquidity and cash flows; the timing and amount of rate and revenue adjustments, including through general rate case filings, filings for infrastructure surcharges and other governmental agency authorizations and proceedings, and filings to address regulatory lag; the Company’s ability to execute its current and long-term business, operational, capital expenditures and growth plans and strategies; the timing and outcome of current, future or completed acquisition activity (including, without limitation, the merger agreement with Essential Utilities, Inc. (“Essential”) and the acquisition of systems formerly owned indirectly by Nexus Water Group, Inc.), and the ability to achieve organic customer growth; the ability of the Company’s California subsidiary to obtain adequate alternative water supplies in lieu of diversions from the Carmel River; the amount, allocation and timing of projected capital expenditures and related funding requirements; the Company’s ability to repay or refinance debt; the future impacts of increased or increasing financing costs, inflation and interest rates; the Company’s ability to finance current and projected operations, capital expenditure needs and growth initiatives by accessing the debt and equity capital markets and sources of short-term liquidity; the future settlement or settlements of the Forward Sale Agreements described herein, adjustments to the forward sale price thereunder, and the amount of and the intended use of net proceeds from any such future settlement or settlements; the outcome and impact on the Company of governmental and regulatory investigations, class action lawsuits, and other litigation and legal proceedings, and related potential fines, penalties and other sanctions; the ability to meet or exceed the Company’s stated environmental and sustainability goals, including its greenhouse gas (“GHG”) emission reduction, water delivery efficiency and water system resiliency goals; the ability to complete, and the timing and efficacy of, the design, development, implementation and improvement of technology and other strategic initiatives; the Company’s ability to comply with new and changing environmental regulations; the ability to capitalize on existing or future utility privatization opportunities; trends in the water and wastewater industries in which the Company operates, including macro trends with respect to the Company’s efforts and projects related to customer, technology and work efficiency and execution; regulatory, legislative, tax policy or legal developments; and impacts that future significant tax legislation, and the imposition, utilization or change in various economic tariffs (or any attempt or effort to do so), may have on the Company and on its business, results of operations, cash flows and liquidity.

Forward-looking statements are predictions based on the Company’s current expectations and assumptions regarding future events. They are not guarantees or assurances of any outcomes, financial results, levels of activity, performance or achievements, and readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance upon them. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of estimates, assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors. The Company’s actual results may vary materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements included herein as a result of the following important factors:

• the decisions of governmental and regulatory bodies, including decisions to raise or lower customer rates;

• the timeliness and outcome of regulatory commissions’ and other authorities’ actions concerning rates, capital structure, authorized return on equity, capital investment, system acquisitions and dispositions, taxes, permitting, water supply and management, and other decisions;

• changes in customer demand for, and patterns of use of, water and energy, such as may result from conservation efforts, or otherwise;

• limitations on the availability of the Company’s water supplies or sources of water, or restrictions on its use thereof, resulting from allocation rights, governmental or regulatory requirements and restrictions, drought, overuse or other factors;

• a loss of one or more large industrial or commercial customers due to adverse economic conditions or other factors;

• present and future proposed changes in laws, governmental regulations and policies, including with respect to the environment (such as, for example, potential improvements or changes to existing Federal regulations with respect to lead and copper service lines and galvanized steel pipe), health and safety, data and consumer privacy, security and protection, water quality and water quality accountability, contaminants of emerging concern (including without limitation per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (collectively, “PFAS”)), public utility and tax regulations and policies, and impacts resulting from U.S., state and local elections and changes in federal, state and local executive administrations;

• the Company’s ability to collect, distribute, use, secure and store consumer data in compliance with current or future governmental laws, regulations and policies with respect to data and consumer privacy, security and protection;

• weather conditions and events, climate variability patterns, and natural disasters, including drought or abnormally high rainfall, prolonged and abnormal ice or freezing conditions, strong winds, coastal and intercoastal flooding, pandemics and epidemics, earthquakes, landslides, hurricanes, tornadoes, wildfires, electrical storms, sinkholes and solar flares;

• the outcome of litigation and similar governmental and regulatory proceedings, investigations or actions;

• the risks associated with the Company’s aging infrastructure, and its ability to appropriately improve the resiliency of or maintain, update, redesign and/or replace, current or future infrastructure and systems, including its technology and other assets, and manage the expansion of its businesses;

• exposure or infiltration of the Company’s technology and critical infrastructure systems, including the disclosure of sensitive, personal or confidential information contained therein, through physical or cyber attacks or other means, and impacts from required or voluntary public and other disclosures, as well as civil class action and other litigation or legal, regulatory or administrative proceedings, related thereto;

• the Company’s ability to obtain permits and other approvals for projects and construction, update, redesign and/or replacement of various water and wastewater facilities;

• changes in the Company’s capital requirements;

• the Company’s ability to control operating expenses and to achieve operating efficiencies, and the Company’s ability to create, maintain and promote initiatives and programs that support the affordability of the Company’s regulated utility services;

• the intentional or unintentional actions of a third party, including contamination of the Company’s water supplies or the water provided to its customers;

• the Company’s ability to obtain and have delivered adequate and cost-effective supplies of pipe, equipment (including personal protective equipment), chemicals, power and other fuel, water and other raw materials, and to address or mitigate supply chain constraints that may result in delays or shortages in, as well as increased costs of, supplies, products and materials that are critical to or used in the Company’s business operations;

• the Company’s ability to successfully meet its operational growth projections, either individually or in the aggregate, and capitalize on growth opportunities, including, among other things, with respect to:

• acquiring, closing and successfully integrating regulated operations, including without limitation the Company’s ability to (i) obtain all required regulatory and other consents and approvals for such acquisitions, (ii) prevail in litigation or other challenges related to such acquisitions, and (iii) recover in rates the fair value of assets of the acquired regulated operations;

• the Company’s Military Services Group (“MSG”) entering into new military installation contracts, price redeterminations, and other agreements and contracts, with the U.S. government; and

• realizing anticipated benefits and synergies from new acquisitions;

• in addition to the foregoing, various risks and other uncertainties associated with the Company’s merger agreement with Essential and the related proposed merger, including:

• a fixed exchange ratio that will not adjust or account for fluctuations in the Company’s or Essential’s stock price;

• limitations on the parties’ ability to pursue alternatives to the proposed merger;

• an event, change or other circumstance that could give rise to the termination of the merger agreement;

• a delay in the timing to consummate the proposed merger;

• each party’s ability to obtain required governmental and regulatory approvals required for the proposed merger (and/or that such approvals may result in the imposition of burdensome or commercially undesirable conditions, including required dispositions, that could adversely affect the combined company or the expected benefits of the proposed merger);

• financial impacts of the proposed merger on the Company and the combined company’s earnings, earnings per share, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and share price, and any related accounting impacts;

• any impact of the proposed merger on the Company’s and the combined company’s ability to declare and pay quarterly dividends on its common stock;

• the risk of litigation related to the proposed merger;

• changes in the parties’ key management and personnel;

• the amount and nature of incurred transaction costs associated with the proposed merger; and

• reduced ownership and voting interests for the Company’s and Essential’s shareholders upon completion of the proposed merger;

• in addition to the foregoing, various risks and other uncertainties following the acquisition of certain water and wastewater systems from a subsidiary of Nexus Water Group, Inc., including:

• the final amount of the rate base of the acquired operations, and the amount of post-closing adjustments to the purchase price, if any, as contemplated by the acquisition agreement; and

• the various impacts and effects of the completion of, or actions taken by the Company to complete, the acquisition, on the Company’s operations, strategy, guidance, expectations and plans with respect to its Regulated Businesses (considered individually or together as a whole), its current or future capital expenditures, its current and future debt and equity capital needs, dividends, earnings (including earnings per share), growth, future regulatory outcomes, expectations with respect to rate base growth, and other financial and operational goals, plans, estimates and projections;

• risks and uncertainties associated with contracting with the U.S. government, including ongoing compliance with applicable government procurement, security and cybersecurity regulations;

• cost overruns relating to improvements in or the expansion of the Company’s operations;

• the Company’s ability to successfully develop and implement new technologies and to protect related intellectual property;

• the Company’s ability to maintain safe work sites;

• the Company’s exposure to liabilities related to environmental laws and regulations, including those enacted or adopted and under consideration, and the substances related thereto, including without limitation copper, lead and galvanized steel, PFAS and other contaminants of emerging concern, and similar matters resulting from, among other things, water and wastewater service provided to customers;

• the ability of energy providers, state governments and other third parties to achieve or fulfill their GHG emission reduction goals, including without limitation through stated renewable portfolio standards and carbon transition plans;

• with respect to any of the Forward Sale Agreements, as described herein: (i) the inability of the forward purchasers (or their affiliates) to perform their obligations thereunder, (ii) the timing and method of any settlement thereof, (iii) the amount and intended use of proceeds that may be received by the Company from any such settlement, and (iv) the timing and amount of any common stock dilution resulting therefrom;

• changes in general economic, political, business and financial market conditions;

• access to sufficient debt and/or equity capital on satisfactory terms and as needed to support operations and capital expenditures;

• fluctuations in inflation or interest rates, and the Company’s ability to address or mitigate the impacts thereof;

• the ability to comply with affirmative or negative covenants in the current or future indebtedness of the Company or any of its subsidiaries, or the issuance of new or modified credit ratings or outlooks by credit rating agencies with respect to the Company or any of its subsidiaries (or any current or future indebtedness thereof), which could increase financing costs or funding requirements and affect the Company’s or its subsidiaries’ ability to issue, repay or redeem debt, pay dividends or make distributions;

• fluctuations in the value of, or assumptions and estimates related to, its benefit plan assets and liabilities, including with respect to its pension and other post-retirement benefit plans, that could increase expenses and plan funding requirements;

• changes in federal or state general, income and other tax laws, and the imposition, utilization or change in economic tariffs (or any attempt or effort to do so), including (i) future significant tax legislation or regulations (including without limitation impacts related to the corporate alternative minimum tax (“CAMT”)), and (ii) the availability of, or the Company’s compliance with, the terms of applicable tax credits and tax abatement programs;

• migration of customers into or out of the Company’s service territories and changes in water and energy consumption resulting therefrom;

• the use by municipalities of the power of eminent domain or other authority to condemn the systems of one or more of the Company’s utility subsidiaries, including without limitation litigation, complaints and other proceedings with respect to the water system assets of the Company’s California subsidiary (“Cal Am”) located in Monterey, California (the “Monterey system assets”), or the assertion by private landowners of similar rights against such utility subsidiaries;

• any difficulty or inability to obtain insurance for the Company, its inability to obtain insurance at acceptable rates and on acceptable terms and conditions, or its inability to obtain reimbursement under existing or future insurance programs and coverages for any losses sustained;

• the incurrence of impairment charges, changes in fair value and other adjustments related to the Company’s goodwill or the value of its other assets;

• labor actions, including work stoppages and strikes;

• the Company’s ability to retain and attract highly qualified and skilled employees and talent;

• civil disturbances or unrest, or terrorist threats or acts, or public apprehension about future disturbances, unrest, or terrorist threats or acts; and

• the impact of new, and changes to existing, accounting standards.

These forward-looking statements are qualified by, and should be read together with, the risks and uncertainties set forth above, and the risk factors and other statements contained in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (the “Form 10-K”) and in this Form 10-Q, and readers should refer to such risks, uncertainties and risk factors in evaluating such forward-looking statements. Any forward-looking statements the Company makes shall speak only as of the date this Form 10-Q was filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Except as required by the federal securities laws, the Company does not have any obligation, and it specifically disclaims any undertaking or intention, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changed circumstances or otherwise. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for the Company to predict all such factors. Furthermore, it may not be possible to assess the impact of any such factor on the Company’s businesses, either viewed independently or together, or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. The foregoing factors should not be construed as exhaustive.

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share and per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited)

(In millions, except share and per share data)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these Consolidated Financial Statements.

American Water Works Company, Inc. and Subsidiary Companies

Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)

(In millions, except per share data)

Showing the first 8K of 160K characters. Open the full section

The following discussion should be read together with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, and in the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are based on management’s current expectations, estimates and projections about the Company’s business, operations and financial performance. The cautionary statements made in this Form 10-Q should be read as applying to all related forward-looking statements whenever they appear in this Form 10-Q. The Company’s actual results may differ materially from those currently anticipated and expressed in such forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including those that are discussed under “Forward-Looking Statements” and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q. The Company has a disclosure committee consisting of members of senior management and other key employees involved in the preparation of the Company’s SEC reports. The disclosure committee is actively involved in the review and discussion of the Company’s SEC filings.

Overview

American Water is the largest and most geographically diverse, publicly traded water and wastewater utility company in the United States, as measured by both operating revenues and population served. The Company’s primary business involves the ownership of utilities that provide water and wastewater services to residential, commercial, industrial, public authority, fire service and sale for resale customers, collectively presented as the “Regulated Businesses.” Services provided by the Company’s utilities are subject to regulation by multiple state utility commissions or other entities engaged in utility regulation, collectively referred to as public utility commissions (“PUCs”). The Company also operates other businesses not subject to economic regulation by state PUCs that provide water and wastewater services to the U.S. government on military installations, as well as municipalities, collectively presented throughout this Form 10-Q within “Other.” See Part I, Item 1—Business in the Company’s Form 10-K for additional information.

Financial Results

The following table provides the Company’s diluted earnings per share prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) and adjusted diluted earnings per share (a non-GAAP measure):

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, diluted earnings per share (GAAP) were $1.61 and $2.61, respectively, compared to $1.48 and $2.53 per share in the same periods in 2025, which includes the net adjustments presented in the table above and discussed in greater detail in the “Adjustments to GAAP” section below. Excluding the net adjustments presented in the table above, adjusted diluted earnings per share (non-GAAP) were $1.61 and $2.62, respectively, compared to $1.49 and $2.51 per share in the same periods in 2025. Revenue growth through implementation of new rates in the Regulated Businesses from the recovery of capital and acquisition investments was partially offset by increased operating costs and higher depreciation and financing costs to support the current capital investment plan.

Adjustments to GAAP

Adjusted diluted earnings per share represents a non-GAAP financial measure and, as shown in the table above, is calculated as GAAP diluted earnings per share, excluding the impact of one or more of the following events: (i) estimated impact of weather; (ii) incremental interest income from the February 2, 2024 amendment to the Homeowner Services Group (“HOS”) secured seller promissory note (which was repaid in full in February 2026), which increased the aggregate principal amount from $720 million to $795 million and increased the interest rate from 7.00% per year to 10.00% per year; and (iii) transaction costs incurred associated with the proposed merger with Essential. The most directly comparable GAAP measure for adjusted diluted earnings per share is the reported diluted earnings per share (GAAP) and is reconciled in the table above.

The Company believes that this non-GAAP measure provides investors with useful information by excluding certain matters that may not be indicative of its ongoing operating results (or, in the case of weather, that is outside the Company’s operational control and is subject to significant period-to-period variability), and that providing this non-GAAP measure will allow investors to better understand the businesses’ operating performance and facilitate a meaningful year-to-year comparison of the Company’s results of operations and without the estimated impact of weather. Although management uses this non-GAAP financial measure internally to evaluate its results of operations, the Company does not intend results reflected by this non-GAAP measure to represent results as defined by GAAP, and the reader should not consider them as indicators of performance. This non-GAAP financial measure is derived from the Company’s consolidated financial information but is not presented in the financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP. This measure should be considered in addition to, and not as a substitute for, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, this non-GAAP financial measure as defined and used above, may not be comparable to similarly titled non-GAAP measures used by other companies, and, accordingly, may have significant limitations on its use.

**Growth Through Capital Investment in Infrastructure and Regulated A

Showing the first 8K of 72K characters. Open the full section

The Company is exposed to market risk in the normal course of business, including changes in commodity prices, equity prices and interest rates. For further discussion of its exposure to market risk, see Part II, Item 7A—Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk in the Company’s Form 10-K. There have been no significant changes to the Company’s exposure to market risk since December 31, 2025.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

American Water maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objective.

The Company’s management, including the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act) as of June 30, 2026.

Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer have concluded that, as of June 30, 2026, the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable level of assurance.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Company concluded that there have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2026, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

The following information updates and amends the information provided in the Company’s Form 10-K in Item 3—Legal Proceedings. Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein have the meanings set forth in the Company’s Form 10-K and Form 10-Q. In accordance with the SEC’s disclosure rules, the Company has elected to disclose environmental proceedings involving the Company and a governmental authority if the amount of potential monetary sanctions, exclusive of interest and costs, that the Company reasonably believes will result from such proceeding is $1 million or more.

Alternative Water Supply in Lieu of Carmel River Diversions

Compliance with SWRCB Orders to Reduce Carmel River Diversions

During June and July 2026, the SWRCB issued and subsequently amended a Notice of Hearing related to its consideration of a modification to the moratorium on new service connections contained in the 2009 Order. Written testimony is due August 19, 2026, followed by public comment and issuance of a draft order for consideration by the SWRCB.

Monterey Peninsula Water Supply Project

CPUC Final Approval of Water Supply Project

On September 17, 2025, the City, MCWD and the MPWMD filed applications for rehearing of the CPUC’s August 2025 final decision on the supply and demand projections supporting the need for the Water Supply Project. On September 22, 2025, these parties also filed a motion to stay the August 2025 final decision. On October 9, 2025, the CPUC issued a factual correction to the August 2025 final decision to find that the projected demand will outstrip supply by approximately 2,500 acre-feet per year for 2050. On May 4, 2026, the CPUC issued an order denying the motions for rehearing and to stay the August 2025 final decision. This proceeding is now closed.

Approvals for Use of Outfall for Water Supply Project Brine Discharge

On March 30, 2026, Monterey One Water, owner of the outfall through which the Water Supply Project proposes to discharge brine, approved the submission of an application to the Coastal Commission for a coastal development permit to construct modifications to the outfall to accommodate the brine. Monterey One Water submitted the application to the Coastal Commission on April 1, 2026. On April 29, 2026, the Coastal Commission issued a notice that the application was incomplete.

Water Supply Project Land Acquisition and Slant Well Site Use

On June 23, 2026, the California State Lands Commission unanimously approved an application filed by Cal Am to lease California state lands for the construction and use of four new subsurface slant wells and the conversion and use of the existing subsurface test slant well, all for the proposed Water Supply Project desalination facilities. The approval of this application by the California State Lands Commission was a required condition of the Coastal Commission’s November 2022 development permit for the phased development of the Water Supply Project. On July 24, 2026, the City, the MPWMD, MCWD, and the MCWD Groundwater Sustainability Agency filed a petition for writ of mandate in Monterey County Superior Court alleging that the State Lands Commission violated the California Environmental Quality Act and other California state laws in its approval of the lease for the Water Supply Project. This matter remains pending.

Testimony and presentation of evidence at trial in the City’s May 2020 lawsuit concluded on May 14, 2026. A decision is expected by the end of 2026.

Complaint Filed in CPUC Against Cal Am

On June 16, 2026, the MPWMD, the City and MCWD jointly filed a complaint with the CPUC against Cal Am, seeking (i) an immediate stop to Cal Am’s current desalination project activities, (ii) to require Cal Am to seek modification of the CPUC’s 2018 final decision finding that the Water Supply Project meets its requirements for a certificate of public convenience and necessity, (iii) a finding that Cal Am is in violation of that final decision, and (iv) issuance of an order to show cause why Cal Am should not be sanctioned for implementing a phased project. The complainants argued that the implementation of the 6.4 million gallon per day desalination project with an initial phase of development of 4.8 million gallons per day, is not consistent with the CPUC’s 2018 final decision. Cal Am will respond to the complaint and believes it to be without merit.

Proposed Acquisition of Monterey System Assets — Potential Condemnation

MPWMD Condemnation Action

The court has scheduled an evidentiary hearing for October 19, 2026, to consider whether LAFCO approval is required for the MPWMD to proceed with its eminent domain claim.

Mountaineer Gas Company Main Break

Mountaineer Gas Customer Putative Class Action Lawsuits

During the second and third quarters of 2026, discussions took place regarding a potential settlement framework as to the four pending putative class action lawsuits filed against Mountaineer Gas and WVAWC, purportedly on behalf of customers in Charleston, West Virginia related to this incident. On July 9, 2026, WVAWC and the Ruffin and Toliver plaintiffs entered into a term sheet with respect to a proposed settlement framework covering all claims and potential claims against WVAWC arising out of these matters for the entire class (the “Proposed Settlement”). Under the terms of the term sheet and any subsequent agreement related to the Proposed Settlement, WVAWC has not admitted, and will not admit, any liability or waive any defenses to any class member for any of the allegations made in the covered putative class action lawsuits.

The proposed maximum amount of the Proposed Settlement with respect to WVAWC is currently estimated to be $9 million, of which the Company estimates that all or substantially all would be contributed by the Company’s general liability insurance carriers. The actual total amount to be paid to claimants through the Proposed Settlement will depend on the nature of the claims submitted and approved through a process to be negotiated by the parties and approved by the court. The Proposed Settlement has not had, and is not anticipated to have, any material impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

The parties will next prepare a formal settlement agreement based on the terms of the term sheet and framework of the Proposed Settlement, which will be subject to preliminary and final approvals by the court.

Mountaineer Gas Company Lawsuit

On July 9, 2026, WVAWC filed a motion seeking a continuance of the August 10, 2026 trial date for this lawsuit. The trial date has been continued but has not currently been rescheduled.

WVPSC General Investigation

In June 2026, the WVPSC issued final orders in both of its general investigations related to the matters in the Mountaineer Gas Company main break incident and required WVAWC to file closed matters as to its handoff and valve practice and operations over the next six months.

East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania Putative Class Action

In August 2024, a complaint for a putative class action captioned McNair v. Pennsylvania-American Water Company was filed against the Company’s Pennsylvania subsidiary (“PAWC”) in the Lackawanna County Court of Common Pleas. The plaintiff lives in a residential community named Blue Mountain Lake Estates located in East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania. Through the initial complaint, he sought to certify a class on behalf of all current and former property owners in, or residents of, Blue Mountain Lake Estates in East Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania, whose water service has been provided by PAWC since August 2020.

This complaint pertains to alleged elevated levels of naturally-occurring manganese in water supplied to Blue Mountain Lake Estates, including PAWC’s issuance of a Do Not Drink Public Notice for infants six months or younger (and noting other potentially vulnerable groups) in May 2024, based on sampling results that exceeded a health advisory level threshold. The complaint has three counts: public nuisance, private nuisance and breach of implied contract. Alleged damages include loss of use and enjoyment of property, property damage, loss of property value, inconvenience and annoyance. Monetary and injunctive relief is sought, including punitive damages.

On November 24, 2025, the original plaintiff filed a motion for leave to file an amended complaint. Through the proposed amended complaint, the original plaintiff sought to add his wife as an additional named plaintiff and sought to add requests for punitive damages to both nuisance counts. The court granted the motion for leave on February 24, 2026. The plaintiffs filed their amended complaint on March 3, 2026. Through the amended complaint, the plaintiffs modified the class period to be May 15, 2024 to the present. PAWC filed its answer to the amended complaint on May 29, 2026.

On January 9, 2026, PAWC filed a motion for summary judgment seeking to dismiss all counts. On January 22, 2026, the plaintiffs filed a motion for leave to conduct punitive damages discovery. On June 11, 2026, PAWC’s motion for summary judgment was denied, and plaintiff’s motion remains pending.

A hearing was conducted on June 29, 2026, on the plaintiffs’ motion for class certification, and on July 21, 2026, the court issued an order denying the motion. This matter remains pending. The Company and PAWC believe that PAWC has valid, meritorious defenses to the claims, and PAWC will continue to vigorously defend itself against these allegations.

PFAS Multi-District Litigation

As of June 30, 2026, the Company has received settlement payments from defendants in the multi-district litigation (the “MDL”) totaling $234 million, net of legal fees and administrative costs. The Company is seeking regulatory approval from the respective PUCs to apply the net proceeds of the settlement payments for the benefit of customers, where permissible. As of July 1, 2026, out of 11 Company utility subsidiaries that are parties to the MDL settlements and have filed to obtain such regulatory approval, approvals have been obtained for seven, two have been denied, and two remain pending. When and as received, funds are initially being held in a law firm escrow account prior to distribution to the Company’s utility subsidiaries that are parties to the MDL settlements after approval or denial is received from the applicable PUCs. As of June 30, 2026, the funds held in the escrow account and not yet transferred to the Company or returned to customers, totaled $131 million. Approximately $101 million of the escrowed funds were transferred from the escrow account for distribution to the Company’s utility subsidiaries. The Company anticipates that, during the remainder of 2026, it may receive one or more additional settlement payments from parties to the MDL settlements.

In addition to the other information set forth in this report, readers should carefully consider the factors discussed in Item 1A—Risk Factors in the Form 10-K, and in the Company’s other filings with the SEC, which could materially affect the Company’s business, financial condition, cash flows or future results. There have been no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A—Risk Factors in the Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

Issuance of Shares in Connection with Acquisition of Gordon’s Corner Water Company

Effective July 27, 2026, parent company issued 350,652 shares of its common stock held in treasury (the “Shares”) to the former shareholders of Gordon’s Corner Water Company (“GCW”) as consideration for the merger (the “GCW Merger”) of a wholly owned subsidiary of parent company with and into GCW, with GCW being the surviving entity as of the closing of the GCW Merger. The Shares were issued, with restrictive legends thereupon, to or for the benefit of a limited number of persons in a transaction not involving a public offering of securities in reliance upon Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. Promptly following the closing of the GCW Merger, GCW was merged with and into the Company’s New Jersey subsidiary.

Anti-dilutive Stock Repurchase Program

In February 2015, the Board of Directors authorized an anti-dilutive stock repurchase program to mitigate the dilutive effect of shares issued through the Company’s dividend reinvestment and direct stock purchase plan and employee stock purchase and executive compensation activities. The program allows the Company to purchase up to 10 million shares of its outstanding common stock over an unrestricted period of time in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The program is conducted in accordance with Rule 10b-18 of the Exchange Act, and, to facilitate these repurchases, the Company enters into Rule 10b5-1 stock repurchase plans with a third-party broker, which allow the Company to repurchase shares of its common stock at times when it otherwise might be prevented from doing so under insider trading laws or because of self-imposed trading blackout periods. Subject to applicable regulations, the Company may elect to amend or cancel the program or the stock repurchase parameters at its discretion to manage dilution.

The Company did not repurchase shares of common stock during the three months ended June 30, 2026. From April 1, 2015, the date repurchases under the anti-dilutive stock repurchase program commenced, through June 30, 2026, the Company repurchased an aggregate of 4,860,000 shares of common stock under the program, leaving an aggregate of 5,140,000 shares available for repurchase under this program.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

During the three months ended June 30, 2026, none of the Company’s directors or “officers” (as such term is defined in Rule 16a-1(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act) adopted or terminated (i) any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of the Company’s securities, intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) promulgated under the Exchange Act or (ii) any “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” (as defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K).

Certain schedules and exhibits to this agreement have been omitted as permitted by rules or regulations of the SEC. The Company will furnish the omitted schedules and exhibits to the SEC upon request.

• Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

The Membership Interest Purchase Agreement filed as Exhibit 2.1, the Purchase and Sale Agreement filed as Exhibit 2.2, the Agreement and Plan of Merger filed as Exhibit 2.3, and Amendment No. 1 and Amendment No. 2 to the Secured Seller Note Agreement filed as Exhibit 10.1 and Exhibit 10.2, respectively, to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, have been included to provide investors and security holders with information regarding the terms of the respective agreements. The filing of these agreements is not intended to provide any other factual information about the parties thereto, or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates. The representations, warranties and covenants contained in the respective agreements (i) were made by the parties thereto only for purposes of that respective agreement and as of specific dates; (ii) were made solely for the benefit of the parties to the respective agreement; (iii) may be subject to limitations agreed upon by the contracting parties, including being qualified by confidential disclosures exchanged between the parties in connection with the execution of the respective agreement (such disclosures include information that has been included in public disclosures, as well as additional non-public information); (iv) may have been made for the purposes of allocating contractual risk between the parties to the respective agreements instead of establishing these matters as facts; and (v) may be subject to standards of materiality applicable to the contracting parties to the respective agreements that differ from those applicable to investors.

Investors should not rely on the representations, warranties and covenants or any descriptions thereof as characterizations of the actual state of facts or condition of the parties to the respective agreements thereto, or any of their respective subsidiaries or affiliates. Additionally, the representations, warranties, covenants, conditions and other terms of the respective agreements may be subject to subsequent waiver or modification. Moreover, information concerning the subject matter of the representations, warranties and covenants may change after the date of the respective agreement, which subsequent information may or may not be fully reflected in the Company’s public disclosures. The respective agreements should not be read alone, but should instead be read in conjunction with the other information regarding the Company that is or will be contained in, or incorporated by reference into, the reports and other documents that are filed by the Company with the SEC.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, on the 29th day of July, 2026.