Carnival 10-K 2014-11-30
Filed 2015-01-29. 20 sections, 280K characters. Original on sec.gov · Markdown · JSON
Cover and table of contents
10-K 1 a2014form10-kfrontpart.htm 10-K
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
| þ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended November 30, 2014 or
| ¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ______________ to ________________
| Commission file number: 001-9610 | ![]() | Commission file number: 001-15136 |
| Carnival Corporation | Carnival plc | |
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) | (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) | |
| Republic of Panama | England and Wales | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | |
| 59-1562976 | 98-0357772 | |
| (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
| 3655 N.W. 87th Avenue Miami, Florida 33178-2428 | Carnival House, 100 Harbour Parade, Southampton SO15 1ST, United Kingdom | |
| (Address of principal executive offices and zip code) | (Address of principal executive offices and zip code) | |
| (305) 599-2600 | 011 44 23 8065 5000 | |
| (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) | (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) | |
| Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: | Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: | |
| Title of each class | Title of each class | |
| Common Stock ($0.01 par value) | Ordinary Shares each represented by American Depositary Shares ($1.66 par value), Special Voting Share, GBP 1.00 par value and Trust Shares of beneficial interest in the P&O Princess Special Voting Trust | |
| Name of each exchange on which registered | Name of each exchange on which registered | |
| New York Stock Exchange, Inc. | New York Stock Exchange, Inc. |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrants are well-known seasoned issuers, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark if the registrants are not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes ¨ No þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants have submitted electronically and posted on their corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrants were required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrants’ knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants are large accelerated filers, accelerated filers, non-accelerated filers, or small reporting companies. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large Accelerated Filers | þ | Accelerated Filers | ¨ |
| Non-Accelerated Filers | ¨ | Smaller Reporting Companies | ¨ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrants are shell companies (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ¨ No þ
| The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold was $16.1 billion as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. | The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold was $7.4 billion as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter. | |
| At January 20, 2015, Carnival Corporation had outstanding 592,688,153 shares of its Common Stock, $0.01 par value. | At January 20, 2015, Carnival plc had outstanding 216,052,515 Ordinary Shares $1.66 par value, one Special Voting Share, GBP 1.00 par value and 592,688,153 Trust Shares of beneficial interest in the P&O Princess Special Voting Trust. |
CARNIVAL CORPORATION & PLC
FORM 10-K
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED NOVEMBER 30, 2014
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| Page | |||
| PART I | |||
| Item 1. Business 3 | |||
| Item 1A. Risk Factors 37 | |||
| Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments 47 | |||
| Item 2. Properties 47 | |||
| Item 3. Legal Proceedings 48 | |||
| Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures 48 | |||
| PART II | |||
| Item 5. Market for Registrants’ Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of | |||
| Equity Securities | 49 | ||
| Item 6. Selected Financial Data 51 | |||
| Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 51 | |||
| Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 51 | |||
| Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 51 | |||
| Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 51 | |||
| Item 9A. Controls and Procedures 51 | |||
| PART III | |||
| Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance 52 | |||
| Item 11. Executive Compensation 52 | |||
| Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters 52 |
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 54
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services 54
| | | | | | PART IV | | | | Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 54
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
The information described below and contained in the Registrants’ 2014 annual report to shareholders to be furnished to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 14a-3(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is shown in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this joint 2014 Annual Report on Form 10-K (“Form 10-K”).
Part and Item of the Form 10-K
Part II
Item 5(a). Market for Registrants’ Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities –
Market Information, Holders and Performance Graph.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Portions of the Registrants’ 2015 joint definitive Proxy Statement, to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, are incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K under the items described below.
Part and Item of the Form 10-K
Part III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
PART I
Item 1. Business.
A. Overview
| I. | Summary |
Carnival Corporation was incorporated in Panama in 1972 and Carnival plc was incorporated in England and Wales in 2000. Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc operate a dual listed company (“DLC”), whereby the businesses of Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc are combined through a number of contracts and through provisions in Carnival Corporation’s Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws and Carnival plc’s Articles of Association. The two companies operate as if they are a single economic enterprise with a single senior executive management team and identical Boards of Directors, but each has retained its separate legal identity. Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc are both public companies with separate stock exchange listings and their own shareholders. See Note 3, “DLC Arrangement” to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K. Together with their consolidated subsidiaries, Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc are referred to collectively in this Form 10-K as “Carnival Corporation & plc,” “our,” “us” and “we.”
We are among the most profitable and financially strong leisure travel companies in the world with a market capitalization of $36 billion at January 22, 2015. We are the largest cruise company with a global market share of 48% based on the number of guests carried and a leading provider of vacations to all major cruise destinations throughout the world (see Part I, Item 1. Business. "C. Our Global Cruise Business – Cruise Programs”). We operate 100 cruise ships within a portfolio of nine leading global, regional and national cruise brands that sell tailored cruise products, services and vacation experiences in all the world’s most important vacation markets. We believe having global and regional brands that are predominately serving multiple source markets and national brands that are predominately serving major source markets provides us with a unique advantage to compete within the entire leisure market for consumers' discretionary vacation spending. The descriptions of the principal vacation markets where we source substantially all of our guests and our brands that market primarily to these vacationers are discussed in Part I, Item1. Business. C. “ Our Global Cruise Business – North America” and “ Our Global Cruise Business – Europe, Australia & Asia.”
| II. | Vision, Goals and Related Strategies |
Our vision is to deliver unmatched joyful vacation experiences and breakthrough total shareholder returns by exceeding guest expectations and achieving the full benefits inherent in our scale. We believe our portfolio of global, regional and national brands is instrumental to us achieving our vision and maintaining our cruise industry leadership positions, which includes having a leading cruise brand selling in each of our primary source markets targeting specific guest segments. Our primary financial goals are to profitably grow our cruise business and increase our return on invested capital, reaching double digit returns in the next three to four years, while maintaining a strong balance sheet. Our ability to generate significant operating cash flows allows us to internally fund our capital investments. Our goal is to return "excess free cash flows" (defined as cash flows from operations less investing activities and regularly scheduled quarterly dividends) to our shareholders in the form of additional dividends and/or share buybacks. In addition, we are committed to maintaining our strong investment grade credit ratings, which are among the highest in the leisure travel industry.
To reach our primary financial goals, we have started to implement various demand creating initiatives as we strive to create additional demand for our brands that far outpaces supply, ultimately leading to higher revenue yields. We have also identified opportunities that are aimed at increasing our pricing, enhancing our cruise products and services and optimizing our cost structure while preserving the unique identities of our individual brands. We are making significant investments to gain further insight into our guests’ decision making by evaluating data included in our global database of guests to identify vacationers’ needs and wants and to analyze their purchasing behaviors. We are also implementing strategies to grow demand by increasing consumer awareness and consideration of our cruise brands through advertising.
Furthermore, we identified new strategies and tactics to strengthen our cruise ticket revenue management processes and systems across our portfolio of brands, such as optimizing our pricing methodologies, improving our pricing models and increasing the brands’ coordination of our global fleet deployments. We have tools that enable us to perform customer segmentation analyses, evaluate our guests’ decision making process and identify new market growth opportunities to expand our customer base. We are also implementing new initiatives to strengthen our onboard revenue programs, such as expanding our onboard retail shop offerings and enhancing our bar and casino programs. In addition, we are adding new home ports in selected geographic areas to provide easier access and to reduce travel costs in order to attract more first-time cruisers.
We believe that we have significant opportunities to continue to grow our presence in China due to its large and growing middle-class population and expansion of their international tourism. It is estimated that Chinese cruise demand will increase to 1.6 million annual cruisers by 2020. The Chinese government has expressed a strong desire to transform China into a leading global cruise market and is making substantial investments in cruise-related infrastructure. Due to the high strategic importance we place on the China cruise market, in 2014 we relocated our Chief Operations Officer to China to more closely oversee our brands’ strategic initiatives, coordinate our growth strategy in China and the surrounding markets and liaise with Chinese government officials. With the introduction of Costa Serena in 2015, we will have four ships home ported in China, which will represent a 140% increase in guest capacity over a two-year period and will offer our Chinese guests diversified cruise products with two brands targeting two different segments of travelers. As we execute our strategy to accelerate growth in China, we have the benefit of eight years of local experience to help guide our expansion and enhance our cruise products and services and make them even more attractive to our Chinese guests. As part of our China cruise strategy, we are exploring opportunities aimed at the development of a domestic cruise company and the formation of a domestic cruise shipbuilding company, as well as port development, talent development and training, enhanced relationships with our distribution partners and sharing of supply chain and logistics expertise.
With 100 ships and 10.6 million guests in 2014, we have the scale to optimize our structure by utilizing our combined purchasing volumes and common technologies and implementing cross-brand initiatives aimed at cost containment. For example, we have common reservation systems, shared data centers, shared port facilities and are working on cross-brand contracting for food and beverages, air travel, hotel supplies, port and manning agency services, advertising and promotions, shore excursions and technical operations to further utilize the scale of our combined purchases.
While we are well underway with certain initiatives and are already beginning to see their positive results, some of our initiatives will take longer to realize their full benefits due to our size and the nature of the cruise industry. Our strategic initiatives demonstrate the benefits of communicating, coordinating and collaborating across our brands and will help us fulfill our vision.
Our vision is
Showing the first 8K of 168K characters. Open the full section
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
You should carefully consider the specific risk factors set forth below and the other information contained or incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K, as these are important factors that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from our expected or historical results. Some of the statements in this item and elsewhere in this Form 10-K are “forward-looking statements.” For a discussion of those statements and of other factors to consider see the “Cautionary Note Concerning Factors That May Affect Future Results” section below.
| • | General economic and business conditions may adversely impact consumer demand for vacations and, consequently, reduce our cruise brands’ net revenue yields and profitability. |
Demand for cruises is in part dependent on the underlying perceived or actual economic condition of the countries from which cruise companies source their guests. Adverse changes in the perceived or actual economic climate, such as global or regional recessions, higher unemployment and underemployment rates; declines in income levels; securities, real estate and other market declines and volatility; increasing taxation; higher fuel prices and healthcare costs; more restrictive credit markets; higher interest rates and changes in governmental regulations, could reduce our potential vacationers’ discretionary incomes, net worth or their consumer confidence. Consequently, this may negatively affect demand for vacations, including cruise vacations, which are a discretionary purchase. Decreases in demand could lead to price reductions which, in turn, could reduce the profitability of our business. These ticket price reductions may result in a less affluent guest base, which along with decreases in discretionary income or consumer confidence could also result in lower onboard revenues that could also have a negative effect on our net revenue yields and profitability.
| • | Increases in fuel prices may adversely affect our operations, financial condition and liquidity. |
Economic, market and political conditions around the world, such as fuel demand, regulatory requirements, supply disruptions and related infrastructure needs, make it difficult to predict the future price and availability of fuel. Fuel costs accounted for 20%, 21% and 23% of our cruise operating expenses in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Future increases in the global price of fuel would increase the cost of our cruise ship operations as well as some of our other expenses, such as crew travel, freight and commodity prices. Furthermore, volatility in fuel prices could have a material adverse effect on our operations, financial condition and liquidity. We may be unable to implement additional fuel conservation initiatives and other best practices or increase ticket prices and collect fuel supplements, which would help to fully or partially offset these fuel price increases. See risks relating to environmental laws and regulations, continuing financial viability of air service providers and failures to keep pace with technology below for additional information regarding our fuel risks.
To mitigate a portion of our economic risk attributable to potential fuel price increases, we have established a fuel derivatives program. To date under this program, we have bought Brent crude oil (“Brent”) call options and sold Brent put options, collectively referred to as zero cost collars, that establish ceiling and floor prices. These derivatives are based on Brent prices whereas the actual fuel used on our ships is marine fuel. Changes in the Brent prices may not show a high degree of correlation with changes in our underlying marine fuel prices. In addition, there can be no assurance that our fuel derivatives program will provide a sufficient level of protection against increases in fuel prices or that our counterparties will be able to perform, such as in the case of a counterparty bankruptcy. The zero cost collars will reduce the benefit we currently expect to obtain from lower 2015 fuel prices since the current Brent prices are below the floor of our 2015 zero cost collars. Also, the fuel derivative contracts may create significant volatility in our U.S. GAAP earnings due to volatility in fuel prices over the contracts’ terms.
We believe that our land-based vacation competitors’ operating costs are less affected by fuel price increases than cruise companies. Accordingly, fuel price increases may adversely impact cruise companies more than their land-based competitors.
| • | Incidents, the spread of contagious diseases and threats thereof, adverse weather conditions or other natural disasters and other incidents affecting the health, safety, security and satisfaction of guests and crew could have an adverse effect on our sales and profitability. |
The operation of cruise ships, hotels, land tours, port and related commercial facilities and shore excursions involve the risk of incidents, including those caused by the improper operation or maintenance of ships, motorcoaches and trains; guest and crew illnesses, such as from the spread of contagious diseases; mechanical failures, fires and collisions and the resulting costs incurred on emergency ship repairs; repair delays; groundings; navigational errors; oil spills and other maritime and environmental mishaps; missing passengers and other incidents at sea or while in port or on land, which may cause injury and death, guest and crew discomfort and the alteration of itineraries or cancellation of a cruise or series of cruises or tours. Although our uncompromising commitment to the safety and comfort of our guests and crew is paramount to the success of our business, our ships have been involved in accidents and other incidents in the past. We may experience similar or other incidents in the future, even though we have and will implement policies, procedures and best practices to limit their future occurrence. These types of incidents may bring into question guest and crew health, safety, security and satisfaction and may adversely affect our brands’ reputations and demand for our brands, and cruising in general, and may affect our sales and profitability, may result in additional costs to our business, litigation against us and increasing government or other regulatory oversight.
In particular, our ability to effectively and efficiently operate shipboard and shoreside activities may be impacted by widespread public health issues/illnesses or health warnings resulting in, among other things, reduced demand for cruises and cruise cancellations and employee absenteeism that could have an adverse effect on our sales and profitability. For example, a severe outbreak of the influenza virus or some other pandemic could, among other things, disrupt our ability to embark/disembark passengers and crew, disrupt air travel to and from ports, increase costs for prevention and treatment and adversely affect our supply chain. This could also adversely impact cruise demand in areas unaffected by such an outbreak.
In addition, as mentioned above, our ships are subject to the risks of mechanical failures and accidents, for which we have had to incur repair and equipment replacement expenditures. If these occur in the future, we may be unable to procure spare parts or new equipment when needed or make repairs without incurring significant expenditures or suspension of service. A significant performance deficiency or problem on any one or more of our ships could have an adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.
Our cruise ships, hotels, land tours, port and related commercial facilities, shore excursions and other service providers may be impacted by adverse weather patterns or other natural disasters, such as hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, fires, tornados, tsunamis, typhoons and volcanic eruptions. These events could result in, among other things, increased port related and other costs. It is possible that we could be forced to alter itineraries or cancel a cruise or a series of cruises or tours due to these or other factors, which would have an adverse effect on our sales and profitability.
The frequency of extreme weather events such as hurricanes and floods, which may be caused by climate change, may not only cause disruption, alteration, or cancellation of cruises but may also adversely impact commercial airline flights, other transport and shore excursion activities or prevent our guests from electing to cruise altogether. Such extreme weather events may also disrupt the supply of provisions, fuel and shore power, and may limit our ability to safely embark and disembark our guests. In addition, these extreme weather conditions could result in increased wave and wind activity, which would make it more challenging to sail and dock our ships and could cause sea/motion sickness among guests and crew. These events could have an adverse impact on the safety and satisfaction of cruising and could have an adverse impact on our sales and profitability. Additionally, these extreme weather conditions could cause property damage to our ships, port and related commercial and business facilities and other assets and impact our ability to provide our cruise products and services as well as to obtain insurance coverage for operations in such areas at reasonable rates.
Furthermore, some of the same factors that impact our guests’ decisions to cruise with us may also impact our ability to employ qualified crew.
| • | The international political climate, armed conflicts, terrorist and pirate attacks, vessel seizures, and threats thereof, and other world events affecting the safety and security of travel could adversely affect the demand for cruises and could harm our sales and profitability. |
Demand for cruises and other vacation options has been and is expected to continue to be affected by the public’s attitude towards the safety and security of travel. Factors including, but not limited to, past acts of terrorism, threats of additional terrorist attacks, drug-related violence in Mexico, pirate attacks and vessel seizures off the east and west coasts of Africa, national government travel advisories, political instability in North Africa, the Middle East, the Baltics and elsewhere, geopolitical issues between China and Japan and general concerns over the safety and security aspects of traveling have had a significant adverse impact on demand and pricing in the travel and vacation industry in the past and may have an adverse impact in the future. Decreases in demand may lead to price reductions, which in turn would reduce our profitability. These types of events could also impact our ability to source qualified crew from throughout the world at competitive costs and, therefore, increase our shipboard crew costs.
| • | Negative publicity concerning the cruise industry in general or us in particular, including any adverse environmental impacts of cruising, could impact the demand for cruises, affect our reputation and harm our sales and profitability. |
Incidents involving cruise ships, in particular our cruise ships, and media coverage thereof, as well as adverse media publicity concerning the cruise vacation industry in general, or unusual weather patterns or other natural disasters or disruptions, such as hurricanes and earthquakes, could impact demand for our cruises. In addition, any events which impact the travel industry more generally may negatively impact guests’ ability or desire to travel to or from our ships or interrupt our ability to obtain services and goods from key vendors in our supply chain. Any of the foregoing could have an adverse impact on our result of operations and on the cruise industry’s performance.
Maintaining a good reputation is critical to our business. Reports and media coverage of ship incidents at sea or while in port, including missing guests, improper conduct by our employees, guests or agents, crimes, dissatisfied guests, crew and guest illnesses, such as incidents of stomach flu, parasitic outbreaks or other contagious diseases, security breaches, terrorist threats and attacks and other adverse events can result in negative publicity, which could lead to a negative perception regarding the safety of our ships and the satisfaction of our guests. In addition, negative publicity regarding adverse environmental impacts of cruising, such as climate change and oil spills, could diminish our reputation. The considerable expansion in the use of social media over recent years has increased the ways in which our reputation can be impacted, and the speed with which it can occur. Anything that damages our reputation, whether or not justified, could have an adverse impact on demand, which could lead to price reductions and a reduction in our sales and profitability.
| • | Geographic regions in which we try to expand our business may be slow to develop and ultimately not develop how we expect, thus resulting in the slower growth and profitability of our business. |
As we expand our global presence in emerging markets, such as Asia, it requires, among other things, significant levels of investments. We may not recover our investments in these markets, and we cannot be certain that these markets will ultimately develop as we expect. Accordingly, our business expansion may not produce the returns that we had expected, which could adversely impact the growth and profitability of our business.
| • | We are subject to many economic, market and political factors that are beyond our control, which could increase our operating, financing and other costs and could harm sales and profitability. |
Some of our operating costs including, but not limited to, food, payroll, port costs, repairs and maintenance, security and other commodity-based items are subject to increases because of market forces, economic or political instability or other circumstances beyond our control. In addition, interest rates, currency exchange rate fluctuations and our ability to obtain debt or equity financing are dependent on many economic, market and political factors. Increases in operating or financing costs could adversely affect our results because we may not be able to recover these increased costs through price increases charged to our guests and such increases may adversely impact our liquidity and credit ratings.
It is possible that jurisdictions or ports-of-call that we regularly visit may also decide to assess new, or change existing, taxes, fees and other charges specifically targeted to the cruise industry, its employees and guests, including, but not limited to, value added taxes on cruise tickets and onboard revenues, which could increase our operating costs and could decrease the demand for cruises and ultimately decrease our net revenue yields and net income.
| • | Changes in and compliance with environmental laws and regulations could adversely affect our operations and thus impact our profitability. |
Some environmental groups have lobbied for more stringent regulation of cruise ships. Some groups have also generated negative publicity about the cruise business and its environmental impact. Various agencies and regulatory organizations have
enacted or are considering new regulations or policies, such as stricter emission limits to reduce GHG effects, which could adversely impact the cruise industry.
The IMO has amended the MARPOL regulations to reduce emissions from ships. As described in “Maritime Environmental Regulations” as referenced below, these changes will result in reductions in ship SOx emissions by requiring progressive reductions in the sulfur content in fuel or the use of abatement technologies. These limits will be further reduced in designated ECAs, including ECAs that have been or could be proposed in other prime cruising areas, such as around Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, the Mediterranean Sea and Mexico. As a result of these amendments, we have elected to install EGCSs on certain of our ships, which we believe will enable our SOx emissions to meet the MARPOL current and probable future requirements without the use of low sulfur fuel, in all material respects. However, if this type of technology is not widely used within the shipping industry it is possible that there could be limited availability of high sulfur fuels because of low demand and the cost of such fuel may increase. The increase in fuel prices caused by these regulations may impact our other expenses including, but not limited to, crew travel, freight and commodity prices and may have an adverse impact on our profitability.
From time to time initiatives to limit GHG emissions are introduced around the world. For example, numerous bills related to climate change have been introduced in the U.S. Congress, which could adversely impact our business. While not all are likely to become law, there are indications that additional climate change related mandates could be forthcoming, and they may significantly impact our costs, including, among other things, increasing fuel prices, including new taxes on bunker fuel, establishment of costly emissions trading schemes and increasing newbuild and operational costs.
Environmental laws and regulations or liabilities arising from past or future releases of, or exposure to, hazardous substances or vessel discharges, including ballast water and waste disposal, could materially increase our cost of compliance or otherwise adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. See Part I, Item 1. Business. C. “Our Global Cruise Business-Governmental Regulations - Maritime Regulations” for additional information regarding these regulations.
| • | Changes in and compliance with laws and regulations relating to the protection of persons with disabilities, employment, health, safety, security and other regulations under which we operate could increase our costs. |
We are subject to numerous international, national, state and local laws, regulations, treaties and employee union agreements related to, among other things, persons with disabilities, employment, health, safety and security. Failure to comply with these laws, regulations, treaties and agreements could lead to enforcement actions, fines, civil or criminal penalties or the assertion of litigation claims and damages. These issues are, and we believe will continue to be, an area of focus by the relevant authorities throughout the world. Accordingly, new legislation, regulations or treaties, or changes thereto, could impact our operations and would likely subject us to increased compliance costs in the future. In addition, training of crew may become more time consuming and may increase our operating costs due to increasing regulatory and other requirements.
| • | Changes in and compliance with income tax laws and regulations and income tax treaties may adversely affect the taxation of our shipping income and our profitability. |
We believe that substantially all of the income earned by Carnival Corporation, Carnival plc and their ship owning or operating subsidiaries qualifies for taxation based on ship tonnage and are exempt from taxation or are otherwise subject to minimal taxes in the jurisdictions where the entities are incorporated or do business.
We believe that Panama and the jurisdictions where the ship owning and operating subsidiaries of Carnival Corporation are formed are equivalent exemption jurisdictions for purposes of Section 883 of the Internal Revenue Code. The laws of Panama and the other jurisdictions where our ships are owned or operated are subject to change and, in the future, may no longer qualify as equivalent exemption jurisdictions.
The IRS interpretation of Section 883 could differ materially from ours. In addition, provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, including Section 883, are subject to legislative change at any time. Moreover, changes could occur in the future with respect to the trading volume or trading frequency of Carnival Corporation shares. Accordingly, it is possible that Carnival Corporation and its ship-owning or operating subsidiaries whose tax exemption is based on Section 883 could lose this exemption.
There is no authority that directly addresses the effect, if any, of a DLC arrangement on the availability of benefits under treaties and, accordingly, their application to our operations is not free from doubt. The applicable treaties may be revoked by either applicable country, replaced or modified with new agreements that treat income from international operation of ships differently than the agreements currently in force or may be interpreted by one of its countries differently from us.
If we did not qualify for tonnage tax, exemption, treaties or minimal taxes, or if the laws that provide for these tax systems were changed, we would have significantly higher income tax expense. In many jurisdictions, the benefit of tonnage tax or preferential tax regimes would be replaced with taxation at normal statutory rates. In the absence of Section 883 or an applicable income tax treaty in the U.S., we would be subject to the net income and branch profits tax regimes of Section 882 and Section 884 of the Internal Revenue Code. In combination, these provisions would result in the taxation of our U.S. source shipping income, net of applicable deductions, at a current federal corporate income tax rate of up to 35%, state income tax rates would vary and our net after-tax income would be potentially subject to a further branch profits tax of 30%.
We are subject to the continual examination of our income tax returns by tax authorities in the jurisdictions where we operate. There can be no assurance that the outcome from these examinations will not adversely affect our net income.
As budgetary constraints continue to adversely impact the jurisdictions in which we operate, or for other reasons, increases in income or other taxes affecting our operations may be imposed. Some social activist groups have lobbied for more taxation on income generated by cruise companies. Certain groups have also generated negative publicity for us. In recent years, certain members of the U.S. Congress have proposed various forms of legislation that would result in higher taxation on income generated by cruise companies.
| • | Our inability to implement our shipbuilding programs and ship repairs, maintenance and refurbishments on terms that are favorable or consistent with our expectations could reduce our profitability. In addition, we expect increases to our repairs and maintenance expenses and refurbishment costs as our fleet ages. |
The construction, repair, maintenance and refurbishment of cruise ships are complex processes and involve risks similar to those encountered in other large and sophisticated construction, repair, maintenance and refurbishment projects. We could experience delays and cost overruns in completing such work. As our fleet ages, our repair and maintenance expenses will increase, and thus may require additional repair and maintenance work to be performed. In addition, other events, such as work stoppages, other labor actions, insolvencies, “force majeure” events or other financial difficulties experienced at the shipyards and their subcontractors and suppliers who build, repair, maintain or refurbish our ships could also delay or prevent the delivery of our ships under construction and prevent or delay the completion of the refurbishment, repair and maintenance of existing ships in our fleet. These events could adversely affect our profitability, including delays or cancellations of cruises or unscheduled dry-docks and repairs. In addition, the consolidation of the control of certain cruise shipyards or cruise shipyard voluntary capacity reductions or insolvencies could result in less shipyard availability thus reducing competition and increasing prices. Furthermore, the lack of qualified shipyard repair facilities could result in the inability to repair and maintain our ships on a timely basis, which could also result in reduced profitability.
As of January 22, 2015, we had entered into foreign currency zero cost collars for three of our euro-denominated shipbuilding contracts. However, if the shipyard with which we have contracted is unable to perform under the related contracts, the foreign currency zero cost collars related to the shipyard’s shipbuilding contract payments would still have to be honored. This might require us to realize a loss on existing foreign currency zero cost collars without an offsetting gain on our foreign currency denominated shipbuilding contract payments, thus resulting in an adverse effect on our financial results.
The cost of shipbuilding orders that we may place in the future that is denominated in a different currency than our cruise brands’ or the shipyards’ functional currency is expected to be affected by foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. These foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations may affect our desire to order new cruise ships. In addition, the prices of various commodities that are used in the construction of ships, such as steel, can be subject to volatile price changes and, accordingly, the cost of future newbuilds may increase, which could have an adverse impact on our profitability.
In connection with our shipbuilding contracts, we do not anticipate any contractual breakage or cancellations on our part. However, if any were to occur, it could result in, among other things, the forfeiture of our payments and the imposition of contractual liquidated damages.
| • | Lack of continuing availability of attractive, convenient and safe port destinations on terms that are favorable or consistent with our expectations could adversely affect our net revenue yields and net income. |
We believe that attractive, convenient and safe port destinations, including ports that are not overly congested with tourists, are major reasons why our guests choose a cruise versus an alternative vacation option. The continuing availability of these types of ports on terms that are favorable or consistent with our expectations, including the port facilities where our guests embark and disembark, is affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, existing capacity constraints (particularly during the Caribbean winter months and Mediterranean summer months), security, safety and environmental concerns, adverse
weather conditions and other natural disasters, financial and other limitations on port development in established or emerging markets, political instability, exclusivity arrangements that ports may have with our competitors, port operator consolidation, local governmental regulations and local community concerns about both port development and other adverse impacts on their communities from additional tourists. The inability to continue to utilize, maintain, rebuild, if necessary, and increase the number of ports that our ships call on could adversely affect our net revenue yields and net income.
| • | Continuing financial viability of our travel agent distribution system, air service providers and other key vendors in our supply chain is essential to allowing us to profitably operate our business. In addition, reductions in the availability of, and increases in the prices for, the services and products provided by these vendors can adversely impact our net income. |
Primarily all of our guests book their cruises through independent travel agents, including wholesalers, general sales agents and tour operators. These parties generally sell and market our cruises on a nonexclusive basis. Our competitors may offer higher commissions and incentives and thus adversely impact our business. Significant disruptions, contractions or consolidations to our travel agent distribution system, such as those caused by a reduction in travel and related commission income as a result of an economic slowdown could have an adverse effect on our sales and profitability. In addition, we currently extend credit to certain of our larger European travel agents and tour operators and, accordingly, if such agents and operators cannot repay their debts to us, it will adversely impact our cash flows and operations.
Many of our guests and substantially all our crew depend on scheduled or chartered commercial airline services to transport them to or from the airports near the ports where our cruises embark and disembark. Changes or disruptions in commercial or chartered airline services as a result of strikes, labor unrest, financial instability or viability, adverse weather conditions, airport delays, consolidation of carriers, or other events or the lack of availability due to schedule changes or a high level of airline bookings could adversely affect our ability to deliver guests and crew to or from our cruise ships and increase our costs which would, in turn, have an adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, increases in the prices of airfares due to, among other things, rising fuel prices and airline consolidations would increase the overall vacation price to our guests and may adversely affect demand for our cruises, as well as increase our airfare for our crew.
Travel agents may face increased pressure from our competitors, particularly in the North America market, to sell and market these competitor cruises exclusively. If such exclusive arrangements were introduced, there can be no assurance that we will be able to find alternative distribution channels to ensure our customer base would not be affected.
Economic downturns may impact the financial viability of other key vendors in our supply chain and the interruption in the services or goods we purchase from them could adversely impact our operations and profitability.
| • | Disruptions and other damages to our information technology and other networks and operations, and breaches in data security could result in decreases in our net income. |
Our ability to increase revenues and control costs, as well as our ability to serve guests most effectively depends in part on the reliability of our sophisticated technologies and system networks. We use communication applications, information technology and other systems to manage our inventory of cabins held for sale and set pricing in order to maximize our revenue yields and to optimize the effectiveness and efficiency of our shoreside and shipboard operations. Gaining unauthorized access to digital systems and networks for purposes of misappropriating assets or sensitive financial, medical or other personal or business information, corrupting data, causing shoreside or shipboard operational disruptions and other cyber-related risks could adversely impact our guest services and satisfaction, employee relationships, business plans, ship safety and our reputation. Global companies are repeatedly being targeted to gain access to critical company, guest and other information. In addition, the operation and maintenance of our systems is in some cases dependent on third-party technologies and service providers for which there is no certainty of uninterrupted availability or through which hackers could gain access to sensitive information. These potential disruptions and cyber attacks could negatively affect costs, customer demand, system availability and pricing for our cruises.
Our principal offices are located in Australia, Germany, Italy, the UK and the U.S. Although we have developed disaster recovery and similar business contingency plans, actual or threatened natural disasters (for example, hurricanes, earthquakes, floods, fires, tornados, tsunamis, typhoons and volcanic eruptions) or similar events in these locations may have a material impact on our business continuity, reputation and results of operations.
| • | A failure to keep pace with developments in technology could impair our operations or competitive position. |
Our business continues to demand the use of sophisticated systems and technology. These systems and technologies may require refinement, updating and replacement with more advanced systems. If we are unable to do so on a timely basis or within reasonable cost parameters, our business could suffer. We also may not achieve the benefits that we anticipate from any new system or technology, and a failure to do so could result in materially higher than anticipated costs and could materially impair our operating results.
| • | We may lose business to competitors throughout the wider vacation industry, which could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. |
We face significant competition from other cruise brands on the basis of cruise pricing, travel agent preference and the types and sizes of ships and cabins, services and destinations being offered by them to cruise guests. In addition, new cruise competitors with existing brand appeal may choose to enter the cruise industry or there may be other new cruise competitors that may choose to enter the established or emerging cruise segments of the global vacation markets. We try to differentiate ourselves from our cruise competitors by offering a wide variety of brands, itineraries, products and services to our guests, but the acceptance of each offering is not certain and consumers’ preferences are always subject to change. It is possible that our programs to motivate previous guests to cruise with us again may not be successful and they may elect not to cruise with us again. In addition, we may choose to enhance our older ships with innovative amenities and improvements in order for those ships to be more competitive with other cruise ships. Alternatively, without these investments or otherwise these older ships may become less competitive, which could result in lower profitability and ship impairment charges. The used cruise ship market is small. Accordingly, if we need to dispose of a ship, we cannot be assured of finding a viable buyer to purchase it at a price that meets our expectations, which could result in ship impairment charges and losses on ship disposals.
In addition, we operate in the wider vacation industry and cruising is only one of many alternatives for people choosing a vacation. We therefore risk losing business not only to other cruise lines, but also to vacation operators that provide other travel and leisure options, including, but not limited to, hotels, resorts, theme parks, packaged holidays and tours, casino operators and vacation ownership properties.
In the event that we do not compete effectively with other cruise companies and other vacation alternatives, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
| • | Overcapacity in the cruise ship and land-based vacation industry could have a negative impact on our net revenue yields and increase operating costs. |
Although cruising capacity in most of the established markets has grown at a slower pace in recent years, we expect it to continue to increase in both the established and emerging markets. Since the cruise industry relies on long-lived ships, we face the risk that our industry’s capacity will grow beyond its demand. The wider vacation industry may also face increases in land-based vacation capacity, which may impact us as well. We typically aim to fill our new capacity at favorable revenue yields despite the new competing cruise and land-based capacity growth. Also, to the extent that we or our competitors deploy ships to a particular itinerary and the resulting capacity in that region exceeds the demand, we may lower pricing and profitability may be lower than initially anticipated. Should net revenue yields be negatively impacted, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. In addition, increased cruise capacity could impact our ability to retain and attract qualified crew, including officers, at competitive rates and, therefore, increase our shipboard employee costs.
| • | The loss of key personnel or our ability to recruit or retain qualified personnel could adversely affect our results of operations. |
We rely upon the ability, expertise, judgment, discretion, integrity and good faith of our senior management team. Our success is also dependent upon our personnel and our ability to recruit and train high quality employees, including appropriate shipboard and shoreside emergency response training. We hire a significant number of new crew every year and, thus, our ability to adequately train them is critical to our cruise business. We must continue to recruit, retain and motivate management and other employees to enable us to maintain our current business and support our projected growth. The loss of services of any of our key management could have a material adverse effect on our business. We are not protected by life insurance covering any of our personnel. We do not have employment agreements with our officers, except for our President and Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Executive Officer of the Costa Group.
| • | Union disputes and other employee relationship issues could adversely affect our financial results. |
A large number of our employees are represented by labor unions in a number of countries under various collective bargaining agreements with varying durations and expiration dates. We may not be able to satisfactorily renegotiate these collective bargaining agreements when they expire. In addition, existing collective bargaining agreements may not prevent a strike or work stoppage on our ships. We may also be subject to or affected by work stoppages unrelated to our business or collective bargaining agreements. Any such work stoppages or potential work stoppages could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
| • | The impact of disruptions in the global financial markets or other events may negatively affect the ability of our counterparties and others to perform their obligations to us and thus, adversely affect our financial position and results of operations. |
The ability of our counterparties to perform, primarily with respect to our cash equivalents, investments, committed financing facilities, contingent obligations, derivative instruments, insurance contracts, new ship progress payment guarantees and ship charter agreements may adversely impact us if any of their financial positions weaken materially or they suffer other financial disruptions.
For example, the last severe economic downturn, including failures of banks and financial service companies and the related liquidity crisis, disrupted the capital and credit markets. Additional economic concerns from some countries continue to strain the financial markets both in the U.S. and internationally. A recurrence of these or other disruptions could cause our counterparties and others to breach their obligations to us under our contracts with them, which may have a negative impact on our cash flows, including our ability to meet our obligations, results of operations and financial condition.
| • | Our success depends upon the continued strength of our cruise brands and our ability to implement our strategies. |
We believe that our cruise branding has contributed significantly to the success of our business and enhancing and maintaining our branding is critical to expanding our brands’ customer bases. The ability of our brands to successfully target different segments of the vacation markets in which they operate enables us to strengthen our business.
We believe that our ability to effectively use our scale and extend best practices and technologies across our brands is critical for implementing our strategic initiatives, such as maximizing our revenue management processes, exceeding guest expectations, improving our overall fleet management and optimizing our cost structure and, therefore, achieving our vision and reaching our primary financial goals. In the event that we are not successful in implementing our strategies, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.
| • | Our international operations are subject to additional risks not generally applicable to our U.S. operations and may result in increased costs and adversely affect our financial position and results of operations. |
Our international operations are subject to additional risks including adverse changes in foreign countries’ political systems, social unrest, restrictions and taxes on the withdrawal of foreign investments and earnings and other payments by subsidiaries, government policies against the vacation or maritime industries, limitations on issuing Chinese cruisers international travel visas, local cabotage requirements, investment restrictions or requirements, diminished ability to legally enforce our intellectual property and contractual rights in foreign countries and commercial instability caused by corruption. The growth of our international operations in China could be adversely impacted by changes in the Chinese government’s policies. In addition, our international operations may also be subject to adverse changes in foreign currency exchange restrictions, and changes in or application of foreign taxation structures including duties and value-added taxes. If we are unable to address these risks adequately, our financial position and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Operating internationally also exposes us to numerous and sometimes conflicting legal and regulatory requirements. In many parts of the world, including countries in which we operate, practices in the local business communities might not conform to international business standards. We may not be successful in ensuring that our employees and other representatives stationed throughout the world properly adhere to our policies or applicable laws or regulations. Failure to adhere to our policies or applicable laws or regulations could result in penalties, sanctions, damage to our reputation and related costs, which in turn could negatively affect our results of operations and cash flows.
| • | Our decisions to self-insure against various risks or the inability to obtain insurance for certain risks at reasonable rates could result in higher expenses or lower revenues. |
We seek to maintain comprehensive insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates. We believe that our current coverage is adequate to protect us against most of the significant risks involved in the conduct of our business, although we do elect to self-insure or use higher deductibles for substantially all the insurable risks we face in order to minimize the cost of our insurance policies. Accordingly, we are not protected against all risks, such as loss of use of a ship, which could result in an unexpected decrease in our revenue in the event of an incident. Further, significant incidents could result in higher insurance premiums commencing on the policy renewal dates or the inability to obtain coverage.
We may also be subject to additional premium costs based not only on our own claims record but also on the claims records of all other members of the P&I associations that we receive indemnity coverage for tort liability. We are also subject to additional P&I premium assessments for various reasons including, but not limited to, investment or underwriting shortfalls experienced by our P&I clubs. In addition, if we or other ship-owners sustain significant losses, our ability to obtain future insurance coverage at commercially reasonable rates could be materially adversely affected.
Finally, we cannot be certain that affordable and viable direct insurance and reinsurance markets will be available to us in the future.
| • | Litigation, enforcement actions, fines or penalties could adversely impact our financial condition or results of operations and damage our reputation. |
Our business is subject to various international laws and regulations that could lead to enforcement actions, fines, civil or criminal penalties or the assertion of litigation claims and damages. In addition, improper conduct by our employees or agents could damage our reputation and lead to litigation or legal proceedings that could result in significant awards or settlements to plaintiffs and civil or criminal penalties, including substantial monetary fines. Such events could lead to an adverse impact on our financial condition or results of operations, if not mitigated by our insurance coverage.
As a result of our ship or other incidents, litigation claims, enforcement actions and regulatory actions and investigations, including, but not limited to, those arising from personal injury, loss of life, loss of or damage to personal property, business interruption losses or environmental damage to any affected coastal waters and the surrounding areas, may be asserted or brought against various parties including us. The time and attention of our management may also be diverted in defending such claims, actions and investigations. We may also incur costs both in defending against any claims, actions and investigations and for any judgments, fines, civil or criminal penalties if such claims, actions or investigations are adversely determined and not covered by our insurance policies.
| • | Fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates could adversely affect our financial results. |
We earn revenues, pay expenses, purchase and own assets and incur liabilities in currencies other than the U.S. dollar; most significantly, the euro, sterling and Australian dollars. We derived 57%, 56% and 54% of our revenues from guests sourced from outside of the U.S. in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Because our consolidated financial statements are presented in U.S. dollars, we must translate revenues and expenses, as well as assets and liabilities, into U.S. dollars at exchange rates in effect during or at the end of each reporting period. We report currency transactions in the functional currencies of our reporting units, excluding fuel which is always transacted and reported in U.S. dollars regardless of the functional currency of the reporting unit. Furthermore, we convert a significant amount of these currencies into U.S. dollar. Therefore, the strengthening of the U.S. dollar against our other major currencies, will adversely affect our U.S. dollar financial results and will reduce the U.S. dollar amount received upon conversion of these currencies into U.S. dollars.
| • | Whether our future operating cash flow will be sufficient to fund future obligations and whether we will be able to obtain financing, if necessary, in sufficient amounts and on terms that are favorable or consistent with our expectations may adversely impact our financial results. |
Our forecasted cash flows from future operations may be adversely affected by various factors, including, but not limited to, declines in guest demand and consumer confidence; a weakening economy; increases in fuel prices; ship incidents; negative publicity; terrorist and pirate attacks and the threats thereof; the impact of the spread of contagious diseases such as influenza virus; increased competition; overcapacity; adverse foreign currency exchange movements and other factors noted under these “Risk Factors.” To the extent that we are required, or choose, to fund future cash requirements, including current and future shipbuilding commitments and debt repayments, from sources other than cash flow from operations, available cash and committed external sources of liquidity, including committed ship and other financings, we will have to secure such financing from export credit agencies or banks or through the offering of debt and equity securities in the public or private markets.
There is no guarantee that such financings will be available in the future to fund our future obligations, or that they will be available on terms consistent with our expectations.
Our access to and the cost of financing will depend on, among other things, conditions in the global financing markets, the availability of sufficient amounts of financing and the maintenance of our investment grade long-term senior unsecured credit ratings. If our long-term senior unsecured credit ratings were to be downgraded or assigned a negative outlook, our access to and cost of debt financing may be negatively impacted. Further, the terms of future debt agreements could include more restrictive covenants, which may restrict our business operations.
Our ability to maintain our credit facilities may also be impacted by material changes in our ownership. More specifically, we may be required to prepay our debt facilities if a person or group of persons acting in concert gain control of Carnival Corporation & plc, other than the Arison family, including Micky Arison, our Chairman of the Boards of Directors.
| • | The DLC arrangement involves risks not associated with the more common ways of combining the operations of two companies and these risks may have an adverse effect on the economic performance of the companies and their respective share prices. |
The DLC arrangement is a relatively uncommon way of combining the management and operations of two companies and it involves different issues and risks from those associated with the other more common ways of forming a business combination, such as a merger or exchange offer to create a wholly owned subsidiary. In our DLC arrangement, the combination is effected primarily by means of contracts between Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc and not by operation of a statute or court order. The legal effect of these contractual rights may be different from the legal effect of a merger or amalgamation under statute or court order, and there may be difficulties in enforcing these contractual rights. Shareholders and creditors of either company might challenge the validity of the contracts or their lack of standing to enforce rights under these contracts, and courts may interpret or enforce these contracts in a manner inconsistent with the express provisions and intentions we included in such contracts. In addition, shareholders and creditors of other companies might successfully challenge other DLC arrangements and establish legal precedents that could increase the risk of a successful challenge to our DLC arrangement.
| • | Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc are not U.S. corporations, and our shareholders may be subject to the uncertainties of a foreign legal system in protecting their interests. |
Carnival Corporation’s corporate affairs are governed by its Third Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation (“Articles”) and Third Amended and Restated By-Laws (“By-Laws”) and by the laws of Panama. Carnival plc is governed by its Articles of Association and by the laws of England and Wales. The contracts that control the relationship between Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc under the DLC arrangement are governed by the laws of Panama, the Isle of Man and the Cayman Islands. The laws of Panama, England and Wales, the Isle of Man and the Cayman Islands may differ in some respects from the laws in the U.S. Thus, our public shareholders may have more difficulty in protecting their interest with respect to actions by management, directors and controlling shareholders than would otherwise be the case for a U.S. shareholder in a U.S. Corporation or a UK shareholder in a UK Corporation.
| • | A small group of shareholders owns a significant portion of the total combined voting power of our outstanding shares and may be able to effectively control the outcome of shareholder voting. |
As of January 20, 2015, a small group of shareholders consisting of some members of the Arison family, including Micky Arison, beneficially owned approximately 22% of the total combined voting power of Carnival Corporation & plc. Depending upon the nature and extent of the shareholder vote, this group of shareholders may have the power to effectively control, or at least significantly influence, the outcome of certain shareholder votes and, therefore, the corporate actions requiring such votes.
| • | Provisions in Carnival Corporation’s and Carnival plc’s constitutional documents may prevent or discourage takeovers and business combinations that our shareholders might consider to be in their best interests. |
Carnival Corporation’s Articles and By-Laws and Carnival plc’s Articles of Association contain provisions that may delay, defer, prevent or render more difficult a takeover attempt that our shareholders consider to be in their best interests. As a result, these provisions may prevent our shareholders from receiving a premium to the market price of our shares offered by a bidder in a takeover context. Even in the absence of a takeover attempt, the existence of these provisions may adversely affect the prevailing market price of our shares if they are viewed as discouraging takeover attempts in the future.
Specifically, Carnival Corporation’s Articles contain provisions that prevent third parties, other than the Arison family and trusts established for their benefit, from acquiring beneficial ownership of more than 4.9% of outstanding Carnival Corporation shares without the consent of its Board of Directors and provide for the lapse of rights, and sale, of any shares acquired in excess of that limit. The effect of these provisions may preclude third parties from seeking to acquire a controlling interest in us in transactions that shareholders might consider to be in their best interests and may prevent them from receiving a premium above market price for their shares.
Cautionary Note Concerning Factors That May Affect Future Results
Some of the statements, estimates or projections contained in this Form 10-K are “forward-looking statements” that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions with respect to us, including some statements concerning future results, outlooks, plans, goals and other events which have not yet occurred. These statements are intended to qualify for the safe harbors from liability provided by Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. All statements other than statements of historical facts are statements that could be deemed forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about our business and the industry in which we operate and the beliefs and assumptions of our management. We have tried, whenever possible, to identify these statements by using words like “will,” “may,” “could,” “should,” “would,” “believe,” “depends,” “expect,” “goal,” “anticipate,” “forecast,” “project,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “target,” “indicate” and similar expressions of future intent or the negative of such terms.
Forward-looking statements include those statements that may impact, among other things, the forecasting of our non-GAAP earnings per share; net revenue yields; booking levels; pricing; occupancy; operating, financing and tax costs, including fuel expenses; net cruise costs per available lower berth day; estimates of ship depreciable lives and residual values; liquidity; goodwill, ship and trademark fair values and outlook.
Certain of the risks we are exposed to are identified in this Item 1A. “Risk Factors.” This item contains important cautionary statements and a discussion of the known factors that we consider could materially affect the accuracy of our forward-looking statements and adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial position. It is not possible to predict or identify all such risks. There may be additional risks that we consider immaterial or which are not known.
Forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as a prediction of actual results. Subject to any continuing obligations under applicable law or any relevant stock exchange rules, we expressly disclaim any obligation to disseminate, after the date of this Form 10-K, any updates or revisions to any such forward-looking statements to reflect any change in expectations or events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statements are based.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
None.
Item 2. Properties.
As of January 22, 2015, the Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc headquarters and our larger shoreside locations are as follows:
| Entity/Brand | Location | Square Footage | Own/Lease | |||
| Carnival Corporation headquarters and Carnival Cruise Line | Miami, FL U.S.A. | 463,000/12,000 | Own/Lease | |||
| Princess | Santa Clarita, CA U.S.A. | 311,000 | Lease | |||
| Holland America Line, Holland America Princess Alaska Tours and Seabourn | Seattle, WA U.S.A. | 184,000 | Lease | |||
| Costa | Genoa, Italy | 224,000/66,000 | Own/Lease | |||
| Carnival plc headquarters, Cunard and P&O Cruises (UK) | Southampton, England | 150,000 | Lease | |||
| AIDA | Rostock and Hamburg, Germany | 224,000/80,000 | Own/Lease | |||
| P&O Cruises (Australia) | Sydney, NSW Australia | 57,000 | Lease |
In addition, we own, lease or have controlling interests in port facilities in Barcelona, Spain; Cozumel, Mexico; Grand Turk, Turks & Caicos Islands; Juneau, Alaska; Long Beach, California; Puerto Plata, Dominican Republic and Roatán, Honduras.
Holland America Line’s and Princess’ private islands, Half Moon Cay and Princess Cays®, respectively, are briefly described in Part I, Item 1. Business. C. “Our Global Cruise Business.” The hotel properties owned and operated by Holland America Princess Alaska Tours and three cruise ships that we own and charter-out under long-term bareboat charter agreements are also briefly described in Part I. Item 1. Business. C. “Our Global Cruise Business.”
Information about our cruise ships, including the number each of our cruise brands operate, their passenger capacity and their primary regions or countries from which they source their guests, as well as information regarding our cruise ships under construction may be found under Part I. Item 1. Business. C. “Our Global Cruise Business,” and Note 6, “Commitments” and Note 10, “Fair Value Measurements, Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K. Also, information about maritime regulations and issues that may affect our cruise ships can be found in Part I. Item 1. Business. C. “Our Global Cruise Business – Maritime Regulations.”
Our cruise ships in operation, headquarters, ports, private islands and other shoreside facilities, including Holland America Princess Alaska Tours’ properties are all well maintained and in good condition. We evaluate our needs periodically and obtain additional facilities when deemed necessary. We believe that our facilities are adequate for our current needs.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
On August 28, 2013, the UK Maritime & Coastguard Agency began an investigation into allegations that Caribbean Princess breached international pollution laws. We are conducting our own internal investigation into this matter.
On December 28, 2014, the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency began an investigation into allegations that Costa neoClassica breached Egyptian environmental laws. We are conducting our own internal investigation into this matter.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.
None.
Executive Officers of the Registrants
Pursuant to General Instruction G(3), the information regarding our executive officers called for by Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K is hereby included in Part I of this Form 10-K.
The table below sets forth the name, age, years of service and title of each of our executive officers. Titles listed relate to positions within Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc unless otherwise noted.
| Name | Age | Years of Service (a) | Title | ||
| Micky Arison | 65 | 43 | Chairman of the Boards of Directors | ||
| David Bernstein | 57 | 16 | Chief Financial Officer | ||
| Alan B. Buckelew | 66 | 37 | Chief Operations Officer | ||
| Arnold W. Donald | 60 | 14 | President and Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||
| Larry Freedman | 63 | 16 | Chief Accounting Officer and Controller | ||
| Stein Kruse | 56 | 15 | Chief Executive Officer of Holland America Group | ||
| Josh Leibowitz | 43 | 1 | Chief Strategy Officer | ||
| David Noyes | 52 | 3 | Chief Executive Officer of Carnival UK | ||
| Arnaldo Perez | 54 | 22 | General Counsel and Secretary | ||
| Michael Thamm | 51 | 21 | Chief Executive Officer of Costa Group |
| (a) | Years of service with us or Carnival plc predecessor companies. |
Business Experience of Executive Officers
Micky Arison has been Chairman of the Boards of Directors since 1990 and a Director since 1987. He was Chief Executive Officer from 1979 to 2013.
David Bernstein has been Chief Financial Officer since 2007. From 2003 to 2007, he was Treasurer. From 1998 to 2003, he was Chief Financial Officer of Cunard and Seabourn.
Alan B. Buckelew has been Chief Operations Officer since 2013. From 2007 to 2013, he was Chief Executive Officer of Princess. He was President of Princess from 2004 to 2013. From 2004 to 2007, he was also Chief Operating Officer of Cunard.
Arnold W. Donald has been President and Chief Executive Officer since 2013. He has been a Director since 2001. He is also a Principal of AWDPLC LLC, a private investment company. From 2010 to 2012, he was President and Chief Executive Officer of The Executive Leadership Counsel, a professional network of African-American executives of major U.S. companies.
Larry Freedman has been Chief Accounting Officer since 2007 and Controller since 1998.
Stein Kruse has been the Chief Executive Officer of Holland America Group since 2013. In this capacity, he has full operating responsibility for Holland America Line, Princess, Seabourn and Holland America Princess Alaska Tours. From 2004 to 2013, he was President and Chief Executive Officer of Holland America Line.
Josh Leibowitz has been Chief Strategy Officer since 2013 where he oversees strategic sourcing, cross-brand marketing and global strategy. From 2001 to 2013, he was employed by McKinsey & Co., an international consulting firm, where he ultimately served as Managing Partner of the Miami office.
David Noyes has been Chief Executive Officer of Carnival UK since October 2014. In this capacity, he has full operating responsibility for P&O Cruises (UK) and Cunard. From 2011 to September 2014, he was Executive Vice President of Operations for Carnival UK. From 2009 to 2011, he was Chief Executive Officer of Gray Dawes, an independent business travel management company.
Arnaldo Perez has been General Counsel and Secretary since 1995.
Michael Thamm has been Chief Executive Officer of Costa Group since 2012. In this capacity, he has full operating responsibility for Costa Crociere S.p.A. and AIDA. From 2004 to 2012, he was President of AIDA.
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrants’ Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
A. Market Information
The information required by Item 201(a) of Regulation S-K, Market Information, is shown in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
B. Holders
The information required by Item 201(b) of Regulation S-K, Holders, is shown in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
C. Dividends
Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc declared quarterly cash dividends on all of their common stock and ordinary shares as follows:
| Quarters Ended | |||||||
| February 28/29 | May 31 | August 31 | November 30 | ||||
| 2014 | $0.25 | $0.25 | $0.25 | $0.25 | |||
| 2013 | $0.25 | $0.25 | $0.25 | $0.25 | |||
| 2012 | $0.25 | $0.25 | $0.25 | $0.75 (a) |
| (a) | Includes the regular quarterly dividend of $0.25 per share and a special dividend of $0.50 per share. |
All dividends for both Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc are declared in U.S. dollars. If declared, holders of Carnival Corporation common stock and Carnival plc American Depository Shares receive a dividend payable in U.S. dollars. The dividends payable for Carnival plc ordinary shares are payable in sterling, unless the shareholders elect to receive the dividends in U.S. dollars. Dividends payable in sterling will be converted from U.S. dollars into sterling at the U.S. dollar to sterling exchange rate quoted by the Bank of England in London at 12:00 p.m. on the next combined U.S. and UK business day that follows the quarter end.
The payment and amount of any future dividend is within the discretion of the Boards of Directors. Our dividends were and will be based on a number of factors, including our earnings, liquidity position, financial condition, tone of business, capital requirements, credit ratings and the availability and cost of obtaining new debt. We cannot be certain that Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc will continue their dividend in the future, and if so, the amount and timing of such future dividends are not determinable and may be different than the levels and have a different timing than are disclosed above.
D. Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
The information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K is incorporated by reference to Part III. Item 12 of this Form 10-K.
E. Performance Graph
The information required by Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K, Performance Graph, is shown in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
F. Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities
I. Repurchase Authorizations
Our Boards of Directors have authorized, subject to certain restrictions, the repurchase of up to an aggregate of $1 billion of Carnival Corporation common stock and/or Carnival plc ordinary shares (the “Repurchase Program”). The Repurchase Program does not have an expiration date and may be discontinued by our Boards of Directors at any time. During the year ended November 30, 2014, there were no repurchases of Carnival Corporation common stock or Carnival plc ordinary shares under the Repurchase Program. Since March 2013, the remaining availability under the Repurchase Program has been $975 million.
In addition to the Repurchase Program, the Boards of Directors authorized, in October 2008, the repurchase of up to 19.2 million Carnival plc ordinary shares and, in January 2013, the repurchase of up to 32.8 million shares of Carnival Corporation common stock under the Stock Swap programs described below. At January 22, 2015, the remaining availability under the Stock Swap programs was 18.1 million Carnival plc ordinary shares and 32.0 million shares of Carnival Corporation common stock.
Carnival plc ordinary share repurchases under both the Repurchase Program and the Stock Swap programs require annual shareholder approval. The existing shareholder approval is limited to a maximum of 21.5 million ordinary shares and is valid until the earlier of the conclusion of the Carnival plc 2015 annual general meeting or October 16, 2015. Depending on market conditions and other factors, we may repurchase shares of Carnival Corporation common stock and/or Carnival plc ordinary shares under the Repurchase Program and the Stock Swap programs concurrently.
II. Stock Swap Programs
We use the Stock Swap programs in situations where we can obtain an economic benefit because either Carnival Corporation common stock or Carnival plc ordinary shares are trading at a price that is at a premium or discount to the price of Carnival plc
ordinary shares or Carnival Corporation common stock, as the case may be. Any realized economic benefit under the Stock Swap programs is used for general corporate purposes, which could include repurchasing additional stock under the Repurchase Program.
In the event Carnival Corporation common stock trades at a premium to Carnival plc ordinary shares, we may elect to issue and sell shares of Carnival Corporation common stock through a sales agent, from time to time at prevailing market prices in ordinary brokers’ transactions, and use the sale proceeds to repurchase Carnival plc ordinary shares in the UK market on at least an equivalent basis. Based on an authorization provided by the Board of Directors in October 2008, Carnival Corporation was authorized to issue and sell up to 19.2 million shares of its common stock in the U.S. market and had 18.1 million shares remaining at January 22, 2015. Any sales of Carnival Corporation shares have been or will be registered under the Securities Act.
In the event Carnival Corporation common stock trades at a discount to Carnival plc ordinary shares, we may elect to sell existing ordinary shares of Carnival plc, with such sales made by Carnival Corporation or Carnival Investments Limited through a sales agent, from time to time at prevailing market prices in ordinary brokers’ transactions, and use the sale proceeds to repurchase shares of Carnival Corporation common stock in the U.S. market on at least an equivalent basis. Based on an authorization provided by the Board of Directors in January 2013, Carnival Corporation or Carnival Investments Limited was authorized to sell up to 32.8 million Carnival plc ordinary shares in the UK market and had 32.0 million shares remaining at January 22, 2015. Any sales of Carnival plc ordinary shares have been or will be registered under the Securities Act.
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
The information required by Item 6. Selected Financial Data, is shown in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
The information required by Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, is shown in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
The information required by Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, is shown in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
The financial statements, together with the report thereon of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, dated January 29, 2015, and the Selected Quarterly Financial Data (Unaudited) are shown in Exhibit 13 and are incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
None.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures.
A. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in our reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer have evaluated our disclosure controls and procedures and have concluded, as of November 30, 2014, that they are effective as described above.
B. Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the 1992 Internal Control – Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO Framework”). Based on our evaluation under the COSO Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of November 30, 2014.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the independent registered certified public accounting firm that audited our consolidated financial statements incorporated in this Form 10-K, has also audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of November 30, 2014 as stated in their report, which is shown in Exhibit 13 and is incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K.
C. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended November 30, 2014 that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
We have adopted a code of ethics that applies to our President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operations Officer and senior financial officers, including the Chief Financial Officer, Chief Accounting Officer and Controller, and other persons performing similar functions. Our code of ethics applies to all our other employees as well. This code of ethics is posted on our website, which is located at www.carnivalcorp.com and www.carnivalplc.com. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 10 of Form 8-K regarding any amendments to, or waivers from, any provisions of this code of ethics by posting such information on our website, at the addresses specified above.
The additional information required by Item 10 is incorporated herein by reference to the Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc joint definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the 2014 fiscal year, except that the information concerning the Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc executive officers called for by Item 401(b) of Regulation S-K is included in Part I of this Form 10-K.
Item 11. Executive Compensation.
The information required by Item 11 is incorporated herein by reference to the Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc joint definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the 2014 fiscal year.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters.
A. Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans
I. Carnival Corporation
Set forth below is a table that summarizes compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) under which Carnival Corporation equity securities are authorized for issuance as of November 30, 2014.
| Plan category | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (1)) | ||||
| (1) | |||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | 3,176,889 | (a) | $52.91 | 12,447,974 | (b) (c) | ||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | - | - | - | ||||
| 3,176,889 | $52.91 | 12,447,974 |
| (a) | Includes outstanding options to purchase Carnival Corporation common stock under the Carnival Corporation 2002 Stock Plan and Carnival Corporation 2001 Outside Director Stock Plan. Also includes 2,375,557 restricted share units outstanding under the Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. |
| (b) | Includes Carnival Corporation common stock available for issuance as of November 30, 2014 as follows: 2,253,501 under the Carnival Corporation Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which includes 30,427 shares subject to purchase during the current purchase period and 10,194,473 under the Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. |
| (c) | In addition to options, the Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan provides for the award of restricted shares and restricted share units without limitation on the number of shares that can be awarded in either form. |
II. Carnival plc
Set forth below is a table that summarizes compensation plans (including individual compensation arrangements) under which Carnival plc equity securities are authorized for issuance as of November 30, 2014.
| Plan category | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (a) | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (1)) | ||||
| (1) | |||||||
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | 1,177,828 | (b) | $46.41 | 8,419,820 | (c) | ||
| Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | - | - | - | ||||
| 1,177,828 | $46.41 | 8,419,820 |
| (a) | Converted from sterling, if applicable, using the November 28, 2014 exchange rate of $1.56:£1. |
| (b) | Includes outstanding options to purchase Carnival plc ordinary shares under the Carnival plc Executive Share Option Plan and Carnival plc 2005 Employee Share Plan. Also includes 920,490 restricted share units outstanding under the Carnival plc 2005 Employee Share Plan. |
| (c) | In addition to options, the Carnival plc 2005 Employee Share Plan provides for the award of restricted shares and restricted share units without limitation on the number of shares that can be awarded in either form. |
The additional information required by Item 12 is incorporated herein by reference to the Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc joint definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the 2014 fiscal year.
Items 13 and 14. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence and Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
The information required by Items 13 and 14 is incorporated herein by reference to the Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc joint definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission not later than 120 days after the close of the 2014 fiscal year.
PART IV
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
(a) (1) Financial Statements
The financial statements shown in Exhibit 13 are incorporated herein by reference into this Form 10-K.
(2) Financial Statement Schedules
All schedules for which provision is made in the applicable accounting regulations of the SEC are not required under the related instruction or are inapplicable and, therefore, have been omitted.
(3) Exhibits
The exhibits listed on the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed or incorporated by reference as part of this Form 10-K and such Index to Exhibits is hereby incorporated herein by reference.
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, each of the registrants has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
| CARNIVAL CORPORATION | CARNIVAL PLC |
| /s/ Arnold W. Donald | /s/ Arnold W. Donald |
| President and Chief Executive Officer and | President and Chief Executive Officer and |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of each of the registrants and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
| CARNIVAL CORPORATION | CARNIVAL PLC |
| /s/ Arnold W. Donald | /s/ Arnold W. Donald |
| President and Chief Executive Officer and | President and Chief Executive Officer and |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/ David Bernstein | /s/ David Bernstein |
| David Bernstein | David Bernstein |
| Chief Financial Officer | Chief Financial Officer |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/ Larry Freedman | /s/ Larry Freedman |
| Larry Freedman | Larry Freedman |
| Chief Accounting Officer and | Chief Accounting Officer and |
| Controller | Controller |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/* Micky Arison | /s/* Micky Arison |
| Micky Arison | Micky Arison |
| Chairman of the Board of | Chairman of the Board of |
| Directors | Directors |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/*Sir Jonathon Band | /s/*Sir Jonathon Band |
| Sir Jonathon Band | Sir Jonathon Band |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/*Richard J. Glasier | /s/*Richard J. Glasier |
| Richard J. Glasier | Richard J. Glasier |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/*Debra Kelly-Ennis | /s/*Debra Kelly-Ennis |
| Debra Kelly-Ennis | Debra Kelly-Ennis |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| s/*Sir John Parker | s/*Sir John Parker |
| Sir John Parker | Sir John Parker |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/*Stuart Subotnick | /s/*Stuart Subotnick |
| Stuart Subotnick | Stuart Subotnick |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/*Laura Weil | /s/*Laura Weil |
| Laura Weil | Laura Weil |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| /s/*Randall J. Weisenburger | /s/*Randall J. Weisenburger |
| Randall J. Weisenburger | Randall J. Weisenburger |
| Director | Director |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| *By: /s/ Arnaldo Perez | *By: /s/ Arnaldo Perez |
| Arnaldo Perez | Arnaldo Perez |
| (Attorney-in-fact) | (Attorney-in-fact) |
| January 29, 2015 | January 29, 2015 |
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| Incorporated by Reference | ||||||||
| Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | Form | Exhibit | Filing Date | Filed Herewith | |||
| Articles of incorporation and by-laws | ||||||||
| 3.1 | Third Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation of Carnival Corporation. | 8-K | 3.1 | 4/17/03 | ||||
| 3.2 | Third Amended and Restated By-Laws of Carnival Corporation. | 8-K | 3.1 | 4/20/09 | ||||
| 3.3 | Articles of Association of Carnival plc. | 8-K | 3.3 | 4/20/09 | ||||
| 3.4 | Memorandum of Association of Carnival plc. | 8-K | 3.2 | 4/20/09 | ||||
| Instruments defining the rights of security holders, including indenture | ||||||||
| 4.1 | Agreement of Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc, dated January 22, 2015 to furnish certain debt instruments to the Securities and Exchange Commission. | X | ||||||
| 4.2 | Carnival Corporation Deed, dated April 17, 2003, between Carnival Corporation and P&O Princess Cruises plc for the benefit of the P&O Princess Shareholders. | 10-Q | 4.1 | 10/15/03 | ||||
| 4.3 | Equalization and Governance Agreement, dated April 17, 2003, between Carnival Corporation and P&O Princess Cruises plc. | 10-Q | 4.2 | 10/15/03 | ||||
| 4.4 | Carnival Corporation Deed of Guarantee, dated as of April 17, 2003, between Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc. | S-4 | 4.3 | 5/30/03 | ||||
| 4.5 | Carnival plc Deed of Guarantee, dated as of April 17, 2003, between Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc. | S-3 & F-3 | 4.10 | 6/19/03 | ||||
| 4.6 | Specimen Common Stock Certificate. | S-3 & F-3 | 4.16 | 6/19/03 | ||||
| 4.7 | Pairing Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2003, between Carnival Corporation, The Law Debenture Trust Corporation (Cayman) Limited, as trustee, and Computershare Investor Services (formerly SunTrust Bank), as transfer agent. | 8-K | 4.1 | 4/17/03 | ||||
| 4.8 | Voting Trust Deed, dated as of April 17, 2003, between Carnival Corporation and The Law Debenture Trust Corporation (Cayman) Limited, as trustee. | 8-K | 4.2 | 4/17/03 | ||||
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| 4.9 | SVE Special Voting Deed, dated as of April 17, 2003, between Carnival Corporation, DLS SVC Limited, P&O Princess Cruises plc, The Law Debenture Trust Corporation (Cayman) Limited, as trustee, and The Law Debenture Trust Corporation, P.L.C. | 8-K | 4.3 | 4/17/03 | ||||
| 4.10 | Form of Amended and Restated Deposit Agreement and holders from time to time of receipts issued thereunder. | Post Amend- ment to Form F-6 | 99-a | 4/15/03 | ||||
| 4.11 | Form of Indenture, dated March 1, 1993, between Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc. and First Trust National Association, as Trustee, relating to the Debt Securities, including form of Debt Security. | S-3 | 4 | 3/2/93 | ||||
| 4.12 | Second Supplemental Indenture, dated December 1, 2003, between Carnival plc and Carnival Corporation to The Bank of New York, as Trustee, relating to 7.875% debentures due 2027. | 10-K | 4.14 | 2/25/04 | ||||
| 4.13 | Specimen Ordinary Share Certificate. | S-3 | 4.1 | 7/2/09 | ||||
| Material contracts | ||||||||
| 10.1* | Carnival Corporation Nonqualified Retirement Plan for Highly Compensated Employees. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 9/28/07 | ||||
| 10.2 | Amendment and Restatement Agreement dated June 16, 2014 in respect of the Multicurrency Revolving Facilities Agreement dated May 18, 2011, among Carnival Corporation, Carnival plc and certain of Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc subsidiaries, Bank of America Merrill Lynch International Limited as facilities agent and a syndicate of financial institutions. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 10/3/14 | ||||
| 10.3* | Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-K | 10.6 | 2/27/98 | ||||
| 10.4* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Nonqualified Retirement Plan for Highly Compensated Employees. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 3/30/07 | ||||
| 10.5* | Carnival Cruise Lines, Inc. Non-Qualified Retirement Plan. | 10-K | 10.4 | 2/22/91 | ||||
| 10.6* | Consulting Agreement/ Registration Rights Agreement, dated June 14, 1991, between Carnival Corporation and Ted Arison. | S-3A | 4.3 | 7/16/91 | ||||
| 10.7* | First Amendment to Consulting Agreement/ Registration Rights Agreement between Carnival Corporation and Ted Arison. | 10-K | 10.40 | 2/25/93 | ||||
| 10.8* | Form of Appointment Letter for Non-Executive Directors. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 6/27/08 | ||||
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| 10.9* | Form of Appointment Letter for Executive Directors. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 6/27/08 | ||||
| 10.10* | Amended and Restated Carnival plc 2005 Employee Share Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 4/2/09 | ||||
| 10.11* | Carnival Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. | 10-K | 10.32 | 2/28/00 | ||||
| 10.12* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. | 10-K | 10.31 | 2/28/01 | ||||
| 10.13* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-K | 10.33 | 2/28/00 | ||||
| 10.14* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 3/30/07 | ||||
| 10.15* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-K | 10.34 | 2/28/01 | ||||
| 10.16* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-K | 10.37 | 2/28/02 | ||||
| 10.17* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 3/30/07 | ||||
| 10.18* | Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2001 Outside Director Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 6/30/09 | ||||
| 10.19* | Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2002 Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 4/2/09 | ||||
| 10.20 | Succession Agreement, dated as of May 28, 2002, to Registration Rights Agreement, dated June 14, 1991, between Carnival Corporation and Ted Arison. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 7/12/02 | ||||
| 10.21* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Nonqualified Retirement Plan For Highly Compensated Employees. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 3/28/06 | ||||
| 10.22* | Amendment of the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 4/14/03 | ||||
| 10.23* | Amendment of the Carnival Corporation Nonqualified Retirement Plan For Highly Compensated Employees. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 4/14/03 | ||||
| 10.24* | The P&O Princess Cruises Executive Share Option Plan. | 20-F | 4.9 | 12/30/01 | ||||
| 10.25* | Form of Carnival Corporation Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 4/1/11 | ||||
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| 10.26* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 4/8/04 | ||||
| 10.27* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Nonqualified Retirement Plan for Highly Compensated Employees. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 4/8/04 | ||||
| 10.28* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 4/8/04 | ||||
| 10.29* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 4/7/05 | ||||
| 10.30* | Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement for the Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2001 Outside Director Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.5 | 10/7/05 | ||||
| 10.31* | Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for the Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2001 Outside Director Stock Plan. | 10-K | 10.60 | 1/29/08 | ||||
| 10.32* | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for the Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2001 Outside Director Stock Plan. | 10-K | 10.61 | 1/29/08 | ||||
| 10.33* | Form of Share Option Certificate for the Amended and Restated Carnival plc 2005 Employee Share Plan. | 10-Q | 10.80 | 10/7/05 | ||||
| 10.34* | Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Unit. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 7/1/11 | ||||
| 10.35* | Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan Non-Employee Director Restricted Stock Award Agreement. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 7/1/11 | ||||
| 10.36* | Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Certificate for the Amended and Restated Carnival plc 2005 Employee Share Plan. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 3/28/06 | ||||
| 10.37* | Form of Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for the Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2002 Stock Plan. | 10-K | 10.67 | 1/29/08 | ||||
| 10.38* | Amendment to the P&O Princess Cruises Executive Share Option Plan. | 10-Q | 10.5 | 3/30/07 | ||||
| 10.39* | Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. | X | ||||||
| 10.40* | Form of Executive Restricted Stock Agreement for the Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation 2002 Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.4 | 4/2/09 | ||||
| 10.41* | Form of Carnival plc Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 4/1/11 |
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| 10.42* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. | 8-K | 10.1 | 10/19/07 | ||||
| 10.43* | Form of Executive Restricted Stock Agreement for Executives with Long-term Compensation Agreements. | 10-Q | 10.5 | 4/2/09 | ||||
| 10.44* | Amended and Restated Carnival Corporation & plc Management Incentive Plan for the CEO, COO and CFO. | 10-Q | 10.7 | 4/2/14 | ||||
| 10.45* | Amended and Restated Executive Long-term Compensation Agreement, dated January 15, 2008, between Carnival Corporation and Micky Arison. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 3/28/08 | ||||
| 10.46* | Amended and Restated Executive Long-term Compensation Agreement dated January 15, 2008, between Carnival Corporation and Howard S. Frank. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 3/28/08 | ||||
| 10.47* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Nonqualified Retirement Plan for Highly Compensated Employees. | 10-Q | 10.7 | 4/2/09 | ||||
| 10.48* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.8 | 4/2/09 | ||||
| 10.49* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan. | 10-Q | 10.9 | 4/2/09 | ||||
| 10.50* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 4/1/10 | ||||
| 10.51* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 4/1/10 | ||||
| 10.52* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation “Fun Ship” Nonqualified Savings Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 7/1/10 | ||||
| 10.53* | Form of Executive Restricted Stock Agreement for Executives with Executive Long-term Compensation Agreements for Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 3/30/12 | ||||
| 10.54* | Form of Executive Restricted Stock Agreement for the Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 3/30/12 | ||||
| 10.55* | Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for the Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 10/3/13 | ||||
| 10.56* | Employment Agreement dated as of October 14, 2013 between Carnival Corporation, Carnival plc and Arnold W. Donald. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 10/3/14 | ||||
| 10.57* | Employment Contract between Costa Crociere S.p.A and Michael Olaf Thamm effective June 30, 2012. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 4/2/14 |
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| 10.58* | Addendum to Employment Contract between Costa Crociere S.p.A and Michael Olaf Thamm effective January 24, 2013. | 10-Q | 10.2 | 4/2/14 | ||||
| 10.59* | Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Special Executive Award for the Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.3 | 4/2/14 | ||||
| 10.60* | Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for Special Executive Award for the Carnival plc 2005 Employee Share Plan. | 10-Q | 10.4 | 4/2/14 | ||||
| 10.61* | Carnival Corporation & plc Brand Management Incentive Plan. | 10-Q | 10.8 | 4/2/14 | ||||
| 10.62* | Consulting Agreement between Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc and Howard S. Frank dated January 27, 2014 | 10-Q | 10.6 | 4/2/14 | ||||
| 10.63* | Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Agreement for the Carnival Corporation 2011 Stock Plan. | 10-Q | 10.1 | 7/2/14 | ||||
| 10.64* | Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit | 10-Q | 10.2 | 7/2/14 | ||||
| 10.65* | Carnival plc 2014 Employee Share Plan | 10-Q | 10.3 | 7/2/14 | ||||
| 10.66* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation & plc Management Incentive Plan for the CEO, COO and CFO. | X | ||||||
| 10.67* | Amendment to the Carnival Corporation & plc Brand Management Incentive Plan. | X | ||||||
| Statements regarding computations of ratios | ||||||||
| 12 | Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges. | X | ||||||
| Annual report to security holders | ||||||||
| 13 | Portions of 2014 Annual Report. | X | ||||||
| Subsidiaries of the registrants | ||||||||
| 21 | Significant Subsidiaries of Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc. | X | ||||||
| Consents of experts and counsel | ||||||||
| 23 | Consent of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm. | X |
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| Power of attorney | ||||||||
| 24 | Powers of Attorney given by certain Directors of Carnival Corporation and Carnival plc to Arnold Donald, David Bernstein and Arnaldo Perez authorizing such persons to sign this 2014 joint Annual Report on Form 10-K and any future amendments on their behalf. | X | ||||||
| Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) certifications | ||||||||
| 31.1 | Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer of Carnival Corporation pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| 31.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Carnival Corporation pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| 31.3 | Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer of Carnival plc pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| 31.4 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Carnival plc pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| Section 1350 certifications | ||||||||
| 32.1** | Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer of Carnival Corporation pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| 32.2** | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Carnival Corporation pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| 32.3** | Certification of President and Chief Executive Officer of Carnival plc pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| 32.4** | Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Carnival plc pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | X | ||||||
| INDEX TO EXHIBITS | ||||||||
| Interactive data file | ||||||||
| 101 | The consolidated financial statements from Carnival Corporation & plc’s Form 10-K for the year ended November 30, 2014, as filed with the SEC on January 29, 2015 formatted in XBRL, are as follows: | |||||||
| (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended November 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012; | X | |||||||
| (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended November 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012; | X | |||||||
| (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets at November 30, 2014 and 2013; | X | |||||||
| (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended November 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012; | X | |||||||
| (v) the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended November 30, 2014, 2013 and 2012 and | X | |||||||
| (vi) the notes to the consolidated financial statements, tagged in summary and detail. | X |
*Indicates a management contract or compensation plan or arrangement.
**These items are furnished and not filed.
