Cadence Design Systems 10-Q 2023-03-31

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 000-15867

CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

(408) 943-1234

Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

On March 31, 2023, approximately 272,684,000 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $0.01 par value, were outstanding.

CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.

INDEX

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS

(In thousands, except per share amounts)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

CADENCE DESIGN SYSTEMS, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands)

(Unaudited)

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The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (this “Quarterly Report”) and in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 (our “Annual Report”). This Quarterly Report contains statements that are not historical in nature, are predictive, or that depend upon or refer to future events or conditions or contain other forward-looking statements. Statements including, but not limited to, statements regarding the extent, timing and mix of future revenues and customer demand; the deployment of our products and services; the impact of the macroeconomic environment, including but not limited to, the expanded trade restrictions, the ongoing geopolitical conflict in Ukraine and other areas of the world, the COVID-19 pandemic, volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, global inflation and the rise in interest rates; the impact of government actions; future expenses, tax rates and uses of cash; pending legal, administrative and tax proceedings; and other statements using words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “could,” “estimates,” “expects,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “may,” “plans,” “projects,” “should,” “targets,” “will” and “would,” and words of similar import and the negatives thereof, constitute forward-looking statements. These statements are predictions based upon our current expectations about future events. Actual results could vary materially as a result of certain factors, including, but not limited to, those expressed in these statements. We refer you to the “Results of Operations,” “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources” sections contained in this Quarterly Report, the "Risk Factors" section contained in our Annual Report and this Quarterly Report, and the risks discussed in our other Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, which identify important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements.

We urge you to consider these factors carefully in evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report. All subsequent written or oral forward-looking statements attributable to our company or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by these cautionary statements. The forward-looking statements included in this Quarterly Report are made only as of the date of this Quarterly Report. We do not intend, and undertake no obligation, to update these forward-looking statements.

Business Overview

Cadence is a leader in electronic system design, building upon more than 30 years of computational software expertise. We apply our underlying Intelligent System Design strategy to deliver computational software, hardware and intellectual property (“IP”) that turn design concepts into reality. We enable our customers to develop electronic products. Our products and services are designed to give our customers a competitive edge in their development of integrated circuits (“ICs”), systems-on-chip (“SoCs”), and increasingly sophisticated electronic devices and systems. Our products and services do this by optimizing performance, minimizing power consumption, shortening the time to bring our customers’ products to market, improving engineering productivity and reducing their design, development and manufacturing costs.

Our strategy is to provide the technology necessary for our customers to develop products across a variety of vertical markets including consumer, hyperscale computing, mobile, 5G communications, automotive, aerospace and defense, industrial, healthcare and life sciences. Our products and services enable our customers to develop complex and innovative electronic products, so demand for our technology is driven by our customers’ investment in new designs and products. Historically, the industry that provided the tools used by IC engineers was referred to as Electronic Design Automation (“EDA”). Today, our offerings include and extend beyond EDA.

We group our products into categories related to major design activities:

• Custom IC Design and Simulation;

• Digital IC Design and Signoff;

• Functional Verification;

• IP; and

• System Design and Analysis.

For additional information about our products, see the discussion in Item 1, “Business,” under the heading “Products and Product Categories,” in our Annual Report.

Management uses certain performance indicators to manage our business, including revenue, certain elements of operating expenses and cash flow from operations, and we describe these items further below under the headings “Results of Operations” and “Liquidity and Capital Resources.”

Fiscal Year End

In fiscal 2022, our Board of Directors approved a change in our fiscal year end from the Saturday closest to December 31 of each year to December 31 of each year. The fiscal year change became effective beginning with our 2023 fiscal year, which began on January 1, 2023. Our fiscal quarters now end on March 31, June 30, and September 30.

Macroeconomic Environment

Our business is subject to the effects of expanded trade restrictions, the ongoing geopolitical conflict in Ukraine and other areas of the world, the COVID-19 pandemic, volatility in foreign currency exchange rates, global inflation and the rise in interest rates.

We have been impacted by expanded trade restrictions, including restrictions concerning advanced node IC production in China, the inclusion of additional Chinese technology companies on the Bureau of Industry and Security (“BIS”) “Unverified List” and regulations governing the sale of certain technologies. Based on our current assessments, we expect the impact of these expanded trade restrictions on our business to be limited.

We also continuously monitor geopolitical conflicts around the world and their effects on our business. During the first half of fiscal 2022, due to the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the corresponding sanctions imposed by the United States and other countries, we terminated our operations in Russia. The termination of our operations in Russia has not limited our ability to develop or support our products and has not had a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows. We do not have operations or employees in Ukraine.

Since its inception, the COVID-19 pandemic has posed a variety of challenges to our day-to-day operations. Despite these challenges, the pandemic has not had a material, adverse impact on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity or cash flows. While we are unable to accurately predict the full impact that COVID-19 and its continuing repercussions will have on our results of operations, financial condition, liquidity and cash flows, we have implemented policies and practices that have enabled us to support critical operations and execute our strategy.

While our business model provides some resilience against these factors, we will continue to monitor the direct and indirect impacts of these or similar circumstances on our business and financial results. For additional information on the potential impact of macroeconomic conditions on our business, see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report and the "Risk Factors" section in this Quarterly Report.

Critical Accounting Estimates

In preparing our condensed consolidated financial statements, we make assumptions, judgments and estimates that can have a significant impact on our revenue, operating income and net income, as well as on the value of certain assets and liabilities on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. We base our assumptions, judgments and estimates on historical experience and various other factors that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. At least quarterly, we evaluate our assumptions, judgments and estimates, and make changes as deemed necessary.

For additional information about our critical accounting estimates, see the discussion in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” under the heading “Critical Accounting Estimates” in our Annual Report.

New Accounting Standards

For additional information about the adoption of new accounting standards, see Note 1 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations

Financial results for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, reflect the following:

• Growth in revenue from emulation and prototyping hardware where revenue is recognized up-front;

• Increased revenue from software and other arrangements where revenue is recognized over time; and

• Continued investment in research and development activities and technical sales support.

Revenue

We primarily generate revenue from licensing our software and IP, selling or leasing our emulation and prototyping hardware technology, providing maintenance for our software, hardware and IP, providing engineering services and earning royalties generated from the use of our IP. The timing of our revenue is significantly affected by the mix of software, hardware and IP products generating revenue in any given period and whether the revenue is recognized over time or at a point in time, upon completion of delivery.

Approximately 85% of our annual revenue is characterized as recurring revenue. Recurring revenue includes revenue recognized over time from our software arrangements, services, royalties, maintenance on IP licenses and hardware, and operating leases of hardware. Recurring revenue also includes revenue recognized at varying points in time over the term of other arrangements with non-cancelable commitments, whereby the customer commits to a fixed dollar amount over a specified period of time that can be used to purchase from a list of products or services.

The remainder of our revenue is recognized at a point in time and is characterized as up-front revenue. Up-front revenue is primarily generated by our sales of emulation and prototyping hardware and individual IP licenses. The percentage of our recurring and up-front revenue and fluctuations in revenue within our geographies are impacted by delivery of hardware and IP products to our customers in any single fiscal period.

The following table shows the percentage of our revenue that is classified as recurring or up-front for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and April 2, 2022:

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, up-front revenue as a percentage of total revenue increased primarily due to growth in hardware revenue driven by increased production capacity and our ability to address long lead times resulting from continued customer demand. While the percentage of revenue characterized as recurring compared to revenue characterized as up-front may vary between fiscal quarters, the overall mix of revenue is relatively consistent on an annual basis or over the course of twelve consecutive months. The following table shows the percentage of recurring revenue for the twelve-month periods ending concurrently with our five most recent fiscal quarters:

Revenue by Period

The following table shows our revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and April 2, 2022 and the change in revenue between periods:

Product and maintenance revenue growth during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, was primarily due to our customers continuing to invest in new, complex designs for their products that include the design of electronic systems for consumer, hyperscale computing, mobile, 5G communications, automotive, aerospace and defense, industrial and healthcare.

Services revenue may fluctuate from period to period based on the timing of fulfillment of our services and IP performance obligations.

No single customer accounted for 10% or more of total revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2023 or April 2, 2022.

Revenue by Product Category

The following table shows the percentage of revenue contributed by each of our five product categories and services for the past five consecutive quarters:

Revenue by product category fluctuates from period to period based on demand for our products and services, our available resources and our ability to deliver and support them. During the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, revenue contributed by Functional Verification, including Emulation and Prototyping Hardware, increased as a percentage of total revenue, primarily due to increased production capacity and our ability to address long lead times resulting from continued customer demand.

Certain of our licensing arrangements allow customers the ability to remix among software products. Additionally, we have arrangements with customers that include a combination of our products, with the actual product selection and number of licensed users to be determined at a later date. For these arrangements, we estimate the allocation of the revenue to product categories based upon the expected usage of our products. The actual usage of our products by these customers may differ and, if that proves to be the case, the revenue allocation in the table above would differ.

Revenue by Geography

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, revenue growth in the United States and China was primarily due to increased hardware revenue driven by increased production capacity and our ability to address long lead times resulting from continued customer demand.

In addition, during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, each of our six geographies experienced growth in revenue from our software offerings.

Revenue by Geography as a Percent of Total Revenue

Most of our revenue is transacted in the United States dollar. However, certain revenue transactions are denominated in foreign currencies. For an additional description of how changes in foreign exchange rates affect our condensed consolidated financial statements, see the discussion under Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – Foreign Currency Risk.”

Cost of Revenue

The following tables show our cost of revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and April 2, 2022 and the change in cost of revenue between periods:

Cost of Product and Maintenance

Cost of product and maintenance includes costs associated with the sale and lease of our emulation and prototyping hardware and licensing of our software and IP products, certain employee salary and benefits and other employee-related costs, cost of our customer support services, amortization of technology-related and maintenance-related acquired intangibles, costs of technical documentation and royalties payable to third-party vendors. Cost of product and maintenance depends primarily on our hardware product sales in any given period, but is also affected by employee salary and benefits and other employee-related costs, reserves for inventory, and the timing and extent to which we acquire intangible assets, license third-party technology or IP, and sell our products that include such acquired or licensed technology or IP.

A summary of cost of product and maintenance is as follows:

The changes in product and maintenance-related costs for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, were due to the following:

Costs associated with our emulation and prototyping hardware products include components, assembly, testing, applicable reserves and overhead. These costs make our cost of emulation and prototyping hardware products higher, as a percentage of revenue, than our cost of software and IP products. Emulation and prototyping hardware costs increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to increased revenue from emulation and prototyping hardware products.

Amortization of acquired intangibles included in cost of product and maintenance decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to certain technology-related intangible assets becoming fully amortized during fiscal 2022, partially offset by technology-related intangible assets acquired during fiscal 2022.

Cost of Services

Cost of services primarily includes employee salary, benefits and other employee-related costs to perform work on revenue-generating projects and costs to maintain the infrastructure necessary to manage a services organization. Cost of services may fluctuate from period to period based on our utilization of design services engineers on revenue-generating projects rather than internal development projects.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses include marketing and sales, research and development, and general and administrative expenses. Factors that tend to cause our operating expenses to fluctuate include changes in the number of employees due to hiring and acquisitions, our annual mid-year promotion and pay raise cycle, stock-based compensation, foreign exchange rate movements, acquisition-related costs, volatility in variable compensation programs that are driven by operating results, and charitable donations.

Many of our operating expenses are transacted in various foreign currencies. We recognize lower expenses in periods when the United States dollar strengthens in value against other currencies and we recognize higher expenses when the United States dollar weakens against other currencies. For an additional description of how changes in foreign exchange rates affect our condensed consolidated financial statements, see the discussion in Item 3, “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk – Foreign Currency Risk.”

Our operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and April 2, 2022 were as follows:

Our operating expenses, as a percentage of total revenue, for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and April 2, 2022 were as follows:

Marketing and Sales

The increase in marketing and sales expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, was due to the following:

Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs and stock-based compensation included in marketing and sales expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to our continued investment in attracting and retaining talent dedicated to technical sales support, including additional headcount from the acquisitions completed in fiscal 2022. Costs related to marketing programs and events, travel and sales meetings increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to an increased number of in-person meetings and events.

Research and Development

The increase in research and development expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, was due to the following:

Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs and stock-based compensation included in research and development expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to our continued investment in attracting and retaining talent for research and development activities, including additional headcount from the acquisitions completed in fiscal 2022. Facilities and other infrastructure costs included in research and development expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to our growing workforce.

General and Administrative

The increase in general and administrative expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, was due to the following:

Professional services included in general and administrative expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to an increase legal and other outside service costs incurred. Salary, benefits and other employee-related costs and stock-based compensation included in general and administrative expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to additional headcount.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, contributions to non-profit organization decreased, primarily due to the timing of our periodic contributions to support charitable initiatives, including the Cadence Giving Foundation. Also during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, we benefited from a non-recurring foreign service tax refund, offsetting the increase in other categories of general and administrative expense.

Operating Margin

Operating margin represents income from operations as a percentage of total revenue. Our operating margin for the three months ended March 31, 2023, and the three months ended April 2, 2022 was as follows:

Operating margin decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to the mix of products and services sold during each respective period. In addition, our fiscal 2022 acquisitions resulted in incremental expenses that exceeded incremental revenue during the three months ended March 31, 2023.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to borrowings under our 2025 Term Loan. For additional information relating to our debt arrangements, see Note 4 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Income Taxes

The following table presents the provision for income taxes and the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and April 2, 2022:

Our provision for income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily attributable to federal, state and foreign income taxes on our anticipated fiscal 2023 income. We also recognized tax benefits of $16.9 million related to stock-based compensation that vested or was exercised during the period.

Our provision for income taxes for the three months ended April 2, 2022 was primarily attributable to federal, state and foreign income taxes on our then anticipated fiscal 2022 income, partially offset by the tax benefit of $24.3 million related to stock-based compensation that vested or was exercised during the period.

Our future effective tax rates may also be materially impacted by tax amounts associated with our foreign earnings at rates different from the United States federal statutory rate, research credits, the tax impact of stock-based compensation, accounting for uncertain tax positions, business combinations, closure of statutes of limitations or settlement of tax audits and changes in tax law. A significant amount of our foreign earnings is generated by our subsidiaries organized in Ireland and Hungary. Our future effective tax rates may be adversely affected if our earnings were to be lower in countries where we have lower statutory tax rates. We currently expect that our fiscal 2023 effective tax rate will be approximately 26%. We expect that our quarterly effective tax rates will vary from our fiscal 2023 effective tax rate as a result of recognizing the income tax effects of stock-based awards in the quarterly periods that the awards vest or are settled and other items that we cannot anticipate. For additional discussion about how our effective tax rate could be affected by various risks, see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” in our Annual Report.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash and Cash Equivalents

As of March 31, 2023, our principal sources of liquidity consisted of approximately $917.0 million of cash and cash equivalents as compared to $882.3 million as of December 31, 2022.

Our primary sources of cash and cash equivalents during the three months ended March 31, 2023 were cash generated from operations, proceeds from the issuance of common stock resulting from stock purchases under our employee stock purchase plan and stock options exercised during the period, and proceeds from our revolving credit facility.

Our primary uses of cash and cash equivalents during the three months ended March 31, 2023 were payments related to employee salaries and benefits, operating expenses, repurchases of our common stock, payments on our revolving credit facility, payment of employee taxes on vesting of restricted stock, payments for taxes, purchases of property, plant and equipment, and purchases of investments.

Approximately 73% of our cash and cash equivalents were held by our foreign subsidiaries as of March 31, 2023. Our cash and cash equivalents held by our foreign subsidiaries may vary from period to period due to the timing of collections and repatriation of foreign earnings. We expect that current cash and cash equivalent balances and cash flows that are generated from operations and financing activities will be sufficient to meet the needs of our domestic and international operating activities and other capital and liquidity requirements, including acquisitions, investments and share repurchases, for at least the next 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future.

Net Working Capital

Net working capital is comprised of current assets less current liabilities, as shown on our condensed consolidated balance sheets. The increase in our net working capital as of March 31, 2023, as compared to December 31, 2022, is primarily due to the timing of cash receipts from customers and disbursements made to for operating and financing activities.

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Cash flows from operating activities include net income, adjusted for certain non-cash items, as well as changes in the balances of certain assets and liabilities. Our cash flows provided by operating activities are significantly influenced by business levels and the payment terms set forth in our customer agreements. The decrease in cash flows from operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, was primarily due to the timing of cash receipts from customers and cash disbursements, including cash paid for taxes.

Cash Flows Used for Investing Activities

Cash used for investing activities increased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to increases in payments for investments and purchases of property, plant and equipment. We expect to continue our investing activities, including purchasing property, plant and equipment, purchasing intangible assets, acquiring other companies and businesses, purchasing software licenses, and making investments.

Cash Flows Used for Financing Activities

Cash used for financing activities decreased during the three months ended March 31, 2023, as compared to the three months ended April 2, 2022, primarily due to a decrease in payments for repurchases of our common stock, partially offset by an increase in payments on borrowings under our revolving credit facility.

Other Factors Affecting Liquidity and Capital Resources

Stock Repurchase Program

In August 2022, our Board of Directors increased the prior authorization to repurchase shares of our common stock by authorizing an additional $1.0 billion. The actual timing and amount of repurchases are subject to business and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, stock price, acquisition opportunities and other factors. As of March 31, 2023, approximately $952.0 million of the share repurchase authorization remained available to repurchase shares of our common stock. See Part II, Item 2, “Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds” for additional information on share repurchases.

Revolving Credit Facility

In June 2021, we entered into a five-year senior unsecured revolving credit facility with a group of lenders led by Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, as amended in September 2022 (the “2021 Credit Facility”). The 2021 Credit Facility provides for borrowings up to $700.0 million, with the right to request increased capacity up to an additional $350.0 million upon receipt of lender commitments, for total maximum borrowings of $1.05 billion. The 2021 Credit Facility expires on June 30, 2026. Any outstanding loans drawn under the 2021 Credit Facility are due at maturity on June 30, 2026, subject to an option to extend the maturity date. Outstanding borrowings may be repaid at any time prior to maturity. Interest rates associated with the 2021 Credit Facility are variable, so interest expense is impacted by changes in the interest rates, particularly for periods when there are outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility. As of March 31, 2023, there were $30.0 million of borrowings outstanding under the 2021 Credit Facility, and we were in compliance with all financial covenants associated with such credit facility.

2024 Notes

In October 2014, we issued a $350.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.375% Senior Notes due October 15, 2024 (the “2024 Notes”). We received net proceeds of $342.4 million from the issuance of the 2024 Notes, net of a discount of $1.4 million and issuance costs of $6.2 million. Interest is payable in cash semi-annually. The 2024 Notes are unsecured and rank equal in right of payment to all of our existing and future senior indebtedness. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all covenants associated with the 2024 Notes.

2025 Term Loan

In September 2022, we entered into a $300.0 million three-year senior non-amortizing term loan facility due on September 7, 2025 with a group of lenders led by Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent (the “2025 Term Loan”). The 2025 Term Loan is unsecured and ranks equal in right of payment to all of our unsecured indebtedness. Interest rates associated with the 2025 Term Loan are variable, so interest expense is impacted by changes in interest rates. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all financial covenants associated with the 2025 Term Loan.

For additional information relating to our debt arrangements, see Note 4 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Other Liquidity Requirements

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, there were no material changes to our other liquidity requirements as reported in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in our Annual Report.

Foreign Currency Risk

A material portion of our revenue, expenses and business activities are transacted in the U.S. dollar. In certain foreign countries where we price our products and services in U.S. dollars, a decrease in value of the local currency relative to the U.S. dollar results in an increase in the prices for our products and services compared to those products of our competitors that are priced in local currency. This could result in our prices being uncompetitive in certain markets.

In certain countries where we may invoice customers in the local currency, our revenue benefits from a weaker dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger dollar. The opposite impact occurs in countries where we record expenses in local currencies. In those cases, our costs and expenses benefit from a stronger dollar and are adversely affected by a weaker dollar. The fluctuations in our operating expenses outside the United States resulting from volatility in foreign exchange rates are not generally moderated by corresponding fluctuations in revenue from existing contracts.

We enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts to protect against currency exchange risks associated with existing assets and liabilities. A foreign currency forward exchange contract acts as a hedge by increasing in value when underlying assets decrease in value or underlying liabilities increase in value due to changes in foreign exchange rates. Conversely, a foreign currency forward exchange contract decreases in value when underlying assets increase in value or underlying liabilities decrease in value due to changes in foreign exchange rates. These forward contracts are not designated as accounting hedges, so the unrealized gains and losses are recognized in other income (expense), net, in advance of the actual foreign currency cash flows with the fair value of these forward contracts being recorded as accrued liabilities or other current assets.

We do not use forward contracts for trading purposes. Our forward contracts generally have maturities of 90 days or less. We enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts based on estimated future asset and liability exposures, and the effectiveness of our hedging program depends on our ability to estimate these future asset and liability exposures. Recognized gains and losses with respect to our current hedging activities will ultimately depend on how accurately we are able to match the amount of foreign currency forward exchange contracts with actual underlying asset and liability exposures.

The following table provides information about our foreign currency forward exchange contracts as of March 31, 2023. The information is provided in U.S. dollar equivalent amounts. The table presents the notional amounts, at contract exchange rates, and the weighted average contractual foreign currency exchange rates expressed as units of the foreign currency per U.S. dollar, which in some cases may not be the market convention for quoting a particular currency. All of these forward contracts mature before or during May 2023.

As of December 31, 2022, our foreign currency exchange contracts had an aggregate principal amount of $489.0 million, and an estimated fair value of $5.3 million.

We have performed sensitivity analyses as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, using a modeling technique that measures the change in the fair values arising from a hypothetical 10% change in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to applicable foreign currency exchange rates, with all other variables held constant. The foreign currency exchange rates we used in performing the sensitivity analysis were based on market rates in effect at each respective date. The sensitivity analyses indicated that a hypothetical 10% decrease in the value of the U.S. dollar would result in a decrease to the fair value of our foreign currency forward exchange contracts of $9.6 million and $4.2 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively, while a hypothetical 10% increase in the value of the U.S. dollar would result in an increase to the fair value of our foreign currency forward exchange contracts of $11.5 million and $7.2 million as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.

We actively monitor our foreign currency risks, but our foreign currency hedging activities may not substantially offset the impact of fluctuations in currency exchange rates on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position.

Interest Rate Risk

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our portfolio of cash, cash equivalents, investments in debt securities and any balances outstanding on our 2021 Credit Facility and 2025 Term Loan. We are exposed to interest rate fluctuations in many of the world’s leading industrialized countries, but our interest income and expense is most sensitive to fluctuations in the general level of United States interest rates. In this regard, changes in United States interest rates affect the interest earned on our cash and cash equivalents and the costs associated with foreign currency hedges. All highly liquid securities with a maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase are considered to be cash equivalents. The carrying value of our interest-bearing instruments approximated fair value as of March 31, 2023.

Our investments in debt securities had a fair value of approximately $9.0 million as of March 31, 2023, that may decline in value if market interest rates rise. Such variability in market interest rates may result in a negative impact on the results of our investment activities. As of March 31, 2023, an increase in the market rates of interest of 1% would result in a decrease in the fair values of our marketable debt securities by approximately $0.6 million. As of December 31, 2022, we did not hold investments in debt securities.

Interest rates under our 2021 Credit Facility and 2025 Term Loan are variable, so interest expense could be adversely affected by changes in interest rates, particularly for periods when we maintain a balance outstanding under the revolving credit facility. As of March 31, 2023, there were $30.0 million of borrowings outstanding under our 2021 Credit Facility and $300.0 million of borrowings outstanding under our 2025 Term Loan.

Interest rates for our 2021 Credit Facility and 2025 Term Loan can fluctuate based on changes in market interest rates and in interest rate margins that vary based on the credit ratings of our unsecured debt. Assuming all loans were fully drawn and we were to fully exercise our right to increase borrowing capacity under our 2021 Credit Facility and made no prepayments on our 2025 Term Loan, each quarter point change in interest rates would result in a $3.4 million change in annual interest expense on our indebtedness under our 2021 Credit Facility and 2025 Term Loan. For an additional description of the 2021 Credit Facility and 2025 Term Loan, see Note 4 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

Equity Price Risk

Equity Investments

We have a portfolio of equity investments that includes marketable equity securities and non-marketable investments. Our equity investments are made primarily in connection with our strategic investment program. Under our strategic investment program, from time to time, we make cash investments in companies with technologies that are potentially strategically important to us.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and our Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), we evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of March 31, 2023.

The evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures included a review of our processes and the effect on the information generated for use in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In the course of this evaluation, we sought to identify any material weaknesses in our disclosure controls and procedures, to determine whether we had identified any acts of fraud involving personnel who have a significant role in our disclosure controls and procedures, and to confirm that any necessary corrective action, including process improvements, was taken. This type of evaluation is done every fiscal quarter so that our conclusions concerning the effectiveness of these controls can be reported in our periodic reports filed with the SEC. The overall goals of these evaluation activities are to monitor our disclosure controls and procedures and to make modifications as necessary. We intend to maintain these disclosure controls and procedures, modifying them as circumstances warrant.

Based on their evaluation as of March 31, 2023, our CEO and CFO have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2023 that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls

Our management, including our CEO and CFO, does not expect that our disclosure controls and procedures or our internal control over financial reporting will prevent or detect all errors and all fraud. Internal control over financial reporting, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of internal control are met. Further, the design of internal control must reflect the fact that there are resource constraints, and the benefits of the control must be considered relative to their costs. While our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of their effectiveness, because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within Cadence, have been detected.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

For information about disputes and legal proceedings in which we are involved from time to time, see Note 11 in the notes to condensed consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report. See also Part I, Item 3, “Legal Proceedings,” in our Annual Report for a prior discussion of legal proceedings involving Bell Semiconductor LLC (“Bell Semi”). During the quarter ended March 31, 2023, there were no material developments with respect to the Bell Semi legal proceedings to which we are a party.

Our operations and financial results are subject to various risks and uncertainties, including those described in the “Risk Factors” section in our Annual Report, that could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, liquidity, revenue, growth, prospects, demand, reputation, and the trading price of our common stock, and make an investment in us speculative or risky. We have updated below one of the risk factors in our Annual Report. The “Risk Factors” section in our Annual Report otherwise remains current in all material respects. The risk factors described in our Annual Report and this Quarterly Report do not include all of the risks that we face, and there may be additional risks or uncertainties that are currently unknown or not believed to be material that occur or become material.

Any periods of uncertainty in the global economy and international trade relations, changes in governmental policies relating to technology, and any potential downturn in the semiconductor and electronics industries, may negatively impact our business and reduce our bookings levels and revenue.

Purchases of our products and services are dependent upon the commencement of new design projects by IC manufacturers and electronics systems companies. The IC and electronics systems industries are cyclical and are characterized by constant and rapid technological change, rapid product obsolescence and price erosion, evolving standards, short product life cycles and wide fluctuations in product supply and demand.

The IC and electronics systems industries have also experienced significant downturns in connection with, or in anticipation of, maturing product cycles of both these industries’ and their customers’ products. The current outlook for the global economy is uncertain and may result in a decrease in spending on our products and services despite recent growth.

Uncertainty caused by the recent challenging global political and economic conditions, including the effects of the recent rise in inflation and interest rates, bank failures, U.S. deficit concerns, the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the continuing COVID-19 pandemic, adverse changes to international trade relationships between countries in which we do business, protectionist measures or decline in corporate or consumer spending could negatively impact our customers’ businesses, reducing the number of new chip designs and their overall research and development spending, including their spending on our products and services, and as a result decrease demand for our products and services. Adverse developments that affect financial institutions, transactional counterparties or other third parties, such as bank failures and protracted U.S. federal debt ceiling negotiations, or concerns or speculation about any similar events or risks, could lead to credit downgrades and market-wide liquidity problems, which in turn may cause customers and other third parties to become unable to meet their obligations under various types of financial arrangements as well as general disruptions or instability in the financial markets. Decreased bookings for our products and services, customer bankruptcies, consolidation among our customers, or problems or delays with our hardware suppliers or with the supply or delivery of our hardware products could also adversely affect our ability to grow our business or adversely affect our future revenue and financial results. Our business could also be impacted by political, economic and legal actions and conditions in regions in which our suppliers or customers operate, including Taiwan, which serves as a central hub for the technology industry supply chain. Our future business and financial results, including demand for our products and services, are subject to considerable uncertainties that could impact our stock price. If economic conditions or international trade relationships between countries in which we do business deteriorate in the future, or, in particular, if semiconductor or electronics systems industry revenues do not grow, including as a result of a global semiconductor shortage, the ability to export or import products or services by the semiconductor or electronics systems industry is adversely restricted, or our supplies of hardware components and products are subject to problems or delays, we may be adversely affected. Further, while our ability to do business has not been materially affected, political or economic conflicts between various global actors, and responsive measures that have been or could be taken, have created and can further create significant global economic uncertainty that could prolong or expand such conflicts, which could have a lasting impact on regional and global economies and harm our business and operating results.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

We are authorized to repurchase shares of our common stock under a publicly announced program that was most recently increased by our Board of Directors on August 11, 2022. Pursuant to this authorization, we may repurchase shares from time to time through open market repurchases, in privately negotiated transactions or by other means, including accelerated share repurchase transactions or other structured repurchase transactions, block trades or pursuant to trading plans intended to comply with Rule 10b5-1 of the Exchange Act. The actual timing and amount of repurchases are subject to business and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, stock price, acquisition opportunities and other factors. As of March 31, 2023, approximately $952.0 million of the share repurchase authorization remained available to repurchase shares of our common stock.

The following table presents repurchases made under our publicly announced repurchase authorizations and shares surrendered by employees to satisfy income tax withholding obligations during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

(1)Shares purchased that were not part of our publicly announced repurchase programs represent employee surrender of shares of restricted stock to satisfy employee income tax withholding obligations due upon vesting, and do not reduce the dollar value that may yet be purchased under our publicly announced repurchase programs.

(2)The weighted average price paid per share of common stock does not include the cost of commissions.

(3)Our publicly announced share repurchase program was originally announced on February 1, 2017 and most recently increased by an additional $1.0 billion on August 11, 2022.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

None.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.