Carvana 10-Q 2023-06-30

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Quarterly Period Ended June 30, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from _____ to ______

Commission File Number: 001-38073

CARVANA CO.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(602) 852-6604

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). ☒ Yes ☐ No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ☐Yes ☒No

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:

As of July 17, 2023, the registrant had 106,543,855 shares of Class A common stock outstanding and 82,900,276 shares of Class B common stock outstanding.

INDEX TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM I. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

CARVANA CO. AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(Unaudited)

(In millions, except number of shares, which are reflected in thousands, and par values)

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Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this report to "Carvana," the "Company," "we," "us," and "our" refer to Carvana Co. and its consolidated subsidiaries. The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is provided as a supplement to, and should be read in conjunction with, our audited consolidated financial statements, the accompanying notes and the MD&A included in our most recent Annual Report filed on Form 10-K, as well as our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes included in Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

Overview

Carvana is the leading e-commerce platform for buying and selling used cars. We are transforming the used car buying and selling experience by giving consumers what they want - a wide selection, great value and quality, transparent pricing, and a simple, no pressure transaction. Each element of our business, from inventory procurement to fulfillment and overall ease of the online transaction, has been built for this singular purpose.

Our business combines a comprehensive online sales experience with a vertically integrated supply chain that allows us to sell high-quality vehicles to our customers transparently and efficiently at a low price. Using our website, customers can complete all phases of a retail vehicle purchase transaction. Specifically, our online sales experience allows customers to:

• Purchase a retail vehicle. As of June 30, 2023, we listed 37,570 total retail units on our website, where customers can select and purchase a vehicle, including arranging financing and signing contracts, directly from their desktop or mobile device. Selling vehicles to retail customers is the primary driver of our business. Selling retail vehicles generates revenue equal to the selling price of the vehicle, less an allowance for returns, and also enables multiple additional revenue streams, including vehicle service contracts ("VSCs"), GAP waiver coverage, other ancillary products, and trade-ins.

• Finance their purchase. Customers can pay for their Carvana vehicle using cash, financing from other parties such as banks or credit unions, or financing with us using our proprietary loan origination platform. Customers who choose to apply for our in-house financing fill out a short prequalification form, select from a range of financing terms we provide and, if approved, apply the financing to their purchase in our online checkout process. We generally seek to sell the loans we originate to financing partners or pursuant to a securitization transaction and, in each case, we generally earn a premium upon sale.

• Protect their purchase. Customers have the option to protect their vehicle with a VSC as part of our online checkout process. VSCs provide customers with protection against the costs of certain mechanical repairs after the expiration of their vehicle’s original manufacturer warranty. We earn a fee for selling VSCs on behalf of an affiliate of DriveTime Automotive Group, Inc. (together with its consolidated affiliates, collectively, “DriveTime”), which is the obligor under these VSCs. We generally have no contractual liability to customers for claims under these agreements. We also offer GAP waiver coverage to customers in most states in which we operate. We have also partnered with Root, Inc. ("Root") to offer an integrated auto insurance solution, through which customers in most states may conveniently access auto insurance directly from the Carvana e-commerce platform.

• Sell us their car. We allow our customers to trade-in a vehicle and apply the trade-in value to their purchase, or to sell us a vehicle independent of a purchase. Using our digital appraisal tool, customers can receive a conditional offer for their vehicle nearly instantaneously from our site simply by answering a few questions about the vehicle condition and features. We generate trade-in offers using a proprietary valuation algorithm supported by extensive used vehicle market and customer-behavior data. When customers accept our offer, they can schedule a time to have the vehicle picked up at their home or elsewhere within one of our markets and receive payment, eliminating the need to visit a dealership or negotiate a private sale. We take their vehicles into inventory and sell them either at auction as a wholesale sale or through our website as a retail sale. Vehicles sold at auction typically do not meet the quality or condition standards required to be included in retail inventory displayed for sale on our website.

To enable a seamless customer experience, we have built a vertically-integrated used vehicle supply chain, supported by proprietary software systems and data.

• Vehicle acquisition. We primarily acquire our used vehicle inventory directly from customers when they trade in or sell us their vehicles and through the large and liquid national used car auction market. Acquiring directly from customers eliminates auction fees and provides more diverse vehicles. The remainder of our inventory is acquired from vehicle finance and leasing companies, rental car companies, and other suppliers, which suppliers may also provide reconditioning services. We use proprietary algorithms to determine which cars to bid on at auction and how much to bid. Our software sifts through over 100,000 vehicles per day and filters out vehicles with reported accidents, poor condition ratings, or other unacceptable attributes, and can evaluate the tens of thousands of potential vehicle purchases that remain per day, creating a competitive advantage versus in-person sourcing methods generally used by traditional dealerships. Once our algorithms have identified a suitable vehicle for purchase, bids are verified and executed by a centralized team of inventory-sourcing professionals. For vehicles sold to us through our website, we use proprietary algorithms to determine an appropriate offer. We assess vehicles on the basis of quality, inventory fit, consumer desirability, relative value, expected reconditioning costs, and vehicle location to identify what we believe represent the most in-demand and profitable vehicles to acquire for inventory. We utilize a broad range of data sources, including proprietary site data, and a variety of external data sources to support our assessments.

• Inspection and reconditioning. Once we acquire a vehicle from a customer, we leverage our in-house logistics or a vendor to transport the vehicle to a greenfield inspection and reconditioning center or auction location with reconditioning capacity ("IRC"), at which point the vehicle is entered into our inventory management system. We then begin a 150-point inspection process covering controls, features, brakes, tires, and cosmetics. Each IRC includes trained technicians, vehicle lifts, paint-less dent repair, and paint capabilities and receives on-site support from vendors with whom we have integrated systems to ensure ready access to parts and materials. When an inspection is complete, we estimate the necessary reconditioning cost for accident-free vehicles to be deemed "Carvana Certified" and expected timing for that vehicle to be made available for sale on our website.

• Photography and merchandising. To provide transparency to our customers, our patented, automated photo booths capture a 360-degree exterior and interior virtual tour of each vehicle in our website inventory. Our photo booths photograph the interior and exterior of the vehicle while technicians annotate material defects based on visibility-threshold category. We also feature integrations with various vehicle data providers for vehicle feature and option information. We have instituted a unified cosmetic standard across all IRCs and certain auction sites to better ensure a consistent customer experience.

• Transportation and fulfillment. Third-party vehicle transporta

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There have been no material changes to our quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk from those described under "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on February 23, 2023.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of such date. Our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the chief executive officer and chief financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There were no changes to our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the three months ended June 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

From time to time, we are involved in various claims and legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of business. Although the results of litigation and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these actions will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, liquidity and capital resources.

Future litigation may be necessary to defend ourselves and our partners by determining the scope, enforceability and validity of third party proprietary rights or to establish our proprietary rights. The results of any current or future litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, and regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. For more information, see “Legal Matters” in Note 17 — Commitments and Contingencies, included in Part I, Item 1, Financial Statements, of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Other than as described below, there have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed under the heading "Risk Factors" in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed on February 23, 2023.

Risks Related to the Transaction Support Agreement and Related Transactions

If the Exchange Offers contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement are launched and completed, the holders of the new secured notes offered thereby will have rights that are senior to the rights of holders of our Class A common stock and the documents governing such new secured notes will include certain restrictive covenants.

If the Exchange Offers contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement are consummated, we expect that in the event of our bankruptcy, dissolution or liquidation, the holders of our New Secured Notes and our other indebtedness would be paid in full before any distributions can be made to the holders of our Class A common stock. As a result of these superior rights relative to our Class A common stock, the right of holders of our Class A common stock to receive distributions from us may be diluted and may be limited. Additionally, we also expect that the indenture governing the New Secured Notes will limit our ability to make certain restricted payments, including dividends, that could also affect the holders of our Class A common stock.

The transactions contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement may not be consummated as scheduled or at all, and even if such transactions are consummated, we may not achieve their anticipated benefits.

We expect that the completion of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement, if consummated, will enhance its liquidity and reduce its debt. However, transactions contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement are subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions and the Transaction Support Agreement may be terminated under certain circumstances, including if (i) the Exchange Offers are not launched by August 2, 2023; (ii) the New Secured Notes are not issued pursuant to the Exchange Offers; (iii) we fail to purchase in cash certain 2025 Notes that have been validly tendered and not withdrawn by the date that is no later than five business days after the date upon which the Exchange Offers are closed, (iv) we fail to launch at "at the market" offering or underwritten offering for the New Equity by no later than 8:00 a.m. (prevailing Eastern time) on the third business day following the date of our release of our financial statements for the fiscal quarter ended June 30, 2023; (v) we fail to raise aggregate gross proceeds of at least $350 million of New Equity by the 20th business day after we launch the Exchange Offers; or (vi) any of the Garcia Parties fail fulfill their purchase obligations related to the New Equity. In addition, if the closing date of the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement does not occur prior to September 30, 2023, unless such date is extended in accordance with the terms of the Transaction Support Agreement, the Transaction Support Agreement will automatically terminate.

As a result, any or all of the transactions may not be consummated as originally scheduled or at all. Accordingly, we may not be able to realize the expected benefits from these transactions on a timely basis or at all. Even if we are successful in completing the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement, we may not realize some or all of the expected benefits from such transactions. We have incurred, and will continue to incur, significant costs, expenses and fees for professional services and other transaction costs in connection with the transactions contemplated by the Transaction Support Agreement, and these fees and costs are payable by us regardless of whether such transactions are consummated.

Risks Related to the At-the-Market Offering Program

Holders of our Class A common stock will experience dilution as a result of any shares sold under the "at-the-market offering" program. You may also experience future dilution as a result of future equity offerings, including as the result of any issuance of the New Equity.

We expect to issue additional shares of Class A common stock through our at-the market offering program. We will have discretion, subject to market demand, to vary the timing, prices, and number of shares sold under the Distribution Agreement. Holders of our Class A common stock will experience dilution as a result of the issuance of any shares of Class A common stock under our at-the market offering program. In addition, in order to satisfy our obligation to issue the New Equity or in order to raise additional capital, we may in the future offer additional shares of our Class A common stock or other securities convertible into or exchangeable for our Class A common stock at various prices. Investors purchasing shares or other securities in the future could have rights superior to existing stockholders, and any future equity offerings will result in further dilution for our existing stockholders.

We have broad discretion in how we use the net proceeds from the at-the-market offering program, and we may not use the proceeds effectively or in ways with which our stockholders agree.

We have not designated any portion of the net proceeds from the at-the market offering program to be used for any particular purpose. Our management will have broad discretion as to the application of the net proceeds from the at-the market offering program and could use them for purposes other than those contemplated at the time of the execution of the Distribution Agreement. Our stockholders may not agree with the manner in which our management chooses to allocate and spend the net proceeds. Moreover, our management may use the net proceeds for corporate purposes that may not increase the market price of our Class A common stock.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

None.

ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES

None.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plan Elections

On June 9, 2023, Paul Breaux, the Company's Vice President, General Counsel, and Secretary terminated a trading plan intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act (a "10b5-1 Plan"). Mr. Breaux's 10b5-1 Plan was adopted on June 11, 2022 and provided for the potential sale of up to 105,000 shares of Class A common stock, including shares obtained from the conversion of Carvana Group, LLC Class B common units (the "B Units") into shares of Class A common stock. Following the termination of the previous 10b5-1 Plan, on June 9, 2023. Mr. Breaux also entered into a new 10b5-1 Plan. Mr. Breaux's new 10b5-1 Plan provides for the potential sale of up to 445,000 shares of Class

A common stock, including shares obtained from the exercise of vested stock options and the conversion of B Units covered by the 10b5-1 Plan, between September 8, 2023 and December 31, 2025.

On June 14, 2023, Daniel Gill, the Company's Chief Product Officer entered into a 10b5-1 Plan. Mr. Gill's 10b5-1 Plan provides for the potential sale of up to 432,522 shares of Class A common stock, including shares obtained from the exercise of vested stock options covered by the 10b5-1 Plan, between September 13, 2023 and August 31, 2025.

Amended and Restated Section 382 Rights Agreement

On July 18, 2023, the Company amended and restated its Tax Asset Preservation Plan in order to modify the definition of Beneficial Ownership to exclude derivatives that may be only settled in cash, do not confer voting rights and lack other features consistent with beneficial ownership of shares of Class A common stock.

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.