Item 2. MD&A - Supplemental Information

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Item 2. MD&A - Supplemental Information

Fuel expense, adjusted reconciliation
Average Price Per Gallon
Three Months Ended March 31,Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions, except per gallon data)2025202420252024
Total fuel expense$2,410$2,598$2.47$2.79
Adjusted for:
MTM adjustments and settlements on hedges(22)(27)(0.02)(0.03)
Total fuel expense, adjusted$2,388$2,571$2.45$2.76
TRASM, adjusted reconciliation
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
TRASM (cents)20.53¢20.98¢
Adjusted for:
Third-party refinery sales(1.55)(1.81)
TRASM, adjusted18.97¢19.17¢
CASM-Ex reconciliation
Three Months Ended March 31,
20252024
CASM (cents)19.69¢20.04¢
Adjusted for:
Aircraft fuel and related taxes(3.52)(3.96)
Third-party refinery sales(1.55)(1.81)
Profit sharing(0.18)(0.19)
CASM-Ex14.44¢14.08¢

Free Cash Flow

The following table shows a reconciliation of net cash provided by operating and used in investing activities (GAAP measures) to free cash flow (a non-GAAP financial measure). We present free cash flow because management believes this metric is helpful to investors to evaluate the company's ability to generate cash that is available for use for debt service or general corporate initiatives. Adjustments include:

*•*Pension plan contributions. Cash flows related to pension funding are included in our GAAP operating activities. We adjust to exclude these contributions to allow investors to understand the cash flows related to our core operations.

*•*Net cash flows related to certain airport construction projects and other. Cash flows related to certain airport construction projects are included in our GAAP operating activities and capital expenditures. We have adjusted for these items because management believes investors should be informed that a portion of these capital expenditures from airport construction projects are either reimbursed by a third party or funded with restricted cash specific to these projects.

Free cash flow reconciliation
(in millions)Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
Net cash provided by operating activities$2,378
Net cash used in investing activities(1,224)
Adjusted for:
Pension plan contributions10
Net cash flows related to certain airport construction projects and other116
Free cash flow$1,280
Delta Air Lines, Inc. | March 2025 Form 10-Q25

Item 3. Market Risk

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