DTE Energy 10-Q 2023-03-31
Filed 2023-04-27. 7 sections, 337K characters. Original on sec.gov · Markdown · JSON
Cover and table of contents
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
__________________________________________
FORM 10-Q
☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period ended March 31, 2023
Or
☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number: 1-11607
DTE Energy Company
| Michigan | 38-3217752 | |||||||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S Employer Identification No.) |
Commission File Number: 1-2198
DTE Electric Company
| Michigan | 38-0478650 | |||||||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S Employer Identification No.) |
Registrants address of principal executive offices: One Energy Plaza, Detroit, Michigan 48226-1279
Registrants telephone number, including area code: (313) 235-4000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Registrant | Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of Exchange on which Registered | ||||||||||||||
| DTE Energy Company (DTE Energy) | Common stock, without par value | DTE | New York Stock Exchange | ||||||||||||||
| DTE Energy | 2017 Series E 5.25% Junior Subordinated Debentures due 2077 | DTW | New York Stock Exchange | ||||||||||||||
| DTE Energy | 2020 Series G 4.375% Junior Subordinated Debentures due 2080 | DTB | New York Stock Exchange | ||||||||||||||
| DTE Energy | 2021 Series E 4.375% Junior Subordinated Debentures due 2081 | DTG | New York Stock Exchange | ||||||||||||||
| DTE Electric Company (DTE Electric) | None | None |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
| DTE Energy Company (DTE Energy) | Yes | ☒ | No | ☐ | DTE Electric Company (DTE Electric) | Yes | ☒ | No | ☐ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).
| DTE Energy | Yes | ☒ | No | ☐ | DTE Electric | Yes | ☒ | No | ☐ |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| DTE Energy | Large accelerated filer | Accelerated filer | Non-accelerated filer | Smaller reporting company | Emerging growth company | ||||||||||||
| ☒ | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ | ☐ | |||||||||||||
| DTE Electric | Large accelerated filer | Accelerated filer | Non-accelerated filer | Smaller reporting company | Emerging growth company | ||||||||||||
| ☐ | ☐ | ☒ | ☐ | ☐ |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
| DTE Energy | Yes | ☐ | No | ☒ | DTE Electric | Yes | ☐ | No | ☒ |
Number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at March 31, 2023:
| Registrant | Description | Shares | ||||||||||||
| DTE Energy | Common Stock, without par value | 206,109,174 | ||||||||||||
| DTE Electric | Common Stock, $10 par value, indirectly-owned by DTE Energy | 138,632,324 |
This combined Form 10-Q is filed separately by two registrants: DTE Energy and DTE Electric. Information contained herein relating to any individual registrant is filed by such registrant solely on its own behalf. DTE Electric makes no representation as to information relating exclusively to DTE Energy.
DTE Electric, an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of DTE Energy, meets the conditions set forth in General Instructions H(1)(a) and (b) of Form 10-Q and is therefore filing this form with the reduced disclosure format specified in General Instructions H(2) of Form 10-Q.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
DEFINITIONS
| ACE | Affordable Clean Energy | |||||||
| ASU | Accounting Standards Update issued by the FASB | |||||||
| CAD | Canadian Dollar (C$) | |||||||
| CARB | California Air Resources Board that administers California's Low Carbon Fuel Standard | |||||||
| Carbon emissions | Emissions of carbon containing compounds, including carbon dioxide and methane, that are identified as greenhouse gases | |||||||
| CCR | Coal Combustion Residuals | |||||||
| CFTC | U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission | |||||||
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease of 2019 | |||||||
| DTE Electric | DTE Electric Company (an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of DTE Energy) and subsidiary companies | |||||||
| DTE Energy | DTE Energy Company, directly or indirectly the parent of DTE Electric, DTE Gas, and numerous non-utility subsidiaries | |||||||
| DTE Gas | DTE Gas Company (an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of DTE Energy) and subsidiary companies | |||||||
| DTE Securitization | DTE Electric Securitization Funding I, LLC, a special purpose entity wholly-owned by DTE Electric. The entity was created to issue securitization bonds for certain qualified costs authorized by the MPSC and to recover debt service costs from DTE Electric customers | |||||||
| DTE Sustainable Generation | DTE Sustainable Generation Holdings, LLC (an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of DTE Energy) and subsidiary companies | |||||||
| EGLE | Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy, formerly known as Michigan Department of Environmental Quality | |||||||
| EGU | Electric Generating Unit | |||||||
| ELG | Effluent Limitations Guidelines | |||||||
| EPA | U.S. Environmental Protection Agency | |||||||
| Equity units | DTE Energy's 2019 equity units issued in November 2019, which were used to finance the former Gas Storage and Pipelines segment acquisition on December 4, 2019 | |||||||
| EWR | Energy Waste Reduction program, which includes a mechanism authorized by the MPSC allowing DTE Electric and DTE Gas to recover through rates certain costs relating to energy waste reduction | |||||||
| FASB | Financial Accounting Standards Board | |||||||
| FERC | Federal Energy Regulatory Commission | |||||||
| FGD | Flue Gas Desulfurization | |||||||
| FOV | Finding of Violation | |||||||
| FTRs | Financial Transmission Rights are financial instruments that entitle the holder to receive payments related to costs incurred for congestion on the transmission grid | |||||||
| GCR | A Gas Cost Recovery mechanism authorized by the MPSC that allows DTE Gas to recover through rates its natural gas costs | |||||||
| GHGs | Greenhouse gases | |||||||
| MGP | Manufactured Gas Plant | |||||||
| MPSC | Michigan Public Service Commission | |||||||
| MTM | Mark-to-market | |||||||
| NAV | Net Asset Value | |||||||
DEFINITIONS
| Net zero | Goal for DTE Energy's utility operations and gas suppliers at DTE Gas that any carbon emissions put into the atmosphere will be balanced by those taken out of the atmosphere. Achieving this goal will include collective efforts to reduce carbon emissions and actions to offset any remaining emissions. Progress towards net zero goals is estimated and methodologies and calculations may vary from those of other utility businesses with similar targets | |||||||
| Non-utility | An entity that is not a public utility. Its conditions of service, prices of goods and services, and other operating related matters are not directly regulated by the MPSC | |||||||
| NOX | Nitrogen Oxides | |||||||
| NPDES | National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System | |||||||
| NRC | U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission | |||||||
| PSCR | A Power Supply Cost Recovery mechanism authorized by the MPSC that allows DTE Electric to recover through rates its fuel, fuel-related, and purchased power costs | |||||||
| REC | Renewable Energy Credit | |||||||
| REF | Reduced Emissions Fuel | |||||||
| Registrants | DTE Energy and DTE Electric | |||||||
| Retail access | Michigan legislation provided customers the option of access to alternative suppliers for electricity and natural gas | |||||||
| RPS | Renewable Portfolio Standard program, which includes a mechanism authorized by the MPSC allowing DTE Electric to recover through rates its renewable energy costs | |||||||
| SIP | State Implementation Plan | |||||||
| SO2 | Sulfur Dioxide | |||||||
| SOFR | Secured Overnight Financing Rate | |||||||
| TCJA | Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which reduced the corporate Federal income tax rate from 35% to 21% | |||||||
| Topic 606 | FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as amended | |||||||
| VIE | Variable Interest Entity |
| Units of Measurement | ||||||||
| Bcf | Billion cubic feet of natural gas | |||||||
| BTU | British thermal unit, heat value (energy content) of fuel | |||||||
| MMBtu | One million BTU | |||||||
| MWh | Megawatt-hour of electricity |
FILING FORMAT
This combined Form 10-Q is separately filed by DTE Energy and DTE Electric. Information in this combined Form 10-Q relating to each individual Registrant is filed by such Registrant on its own behalf. DTE Electric makes no representation regarding information relating to any other companies affiliated with DTE Energy other than its own subsidiaries. Neither DTE Energy, nor any of DTE Energy’s other subsidiaries (other than DTE Electric), has any obligation in respect of DTE Electric's debt securities, and holders of such debt securities should not consider the financial resources or results of operations of DTE Energy nor any of DTE Energy’s other subsidiaries (other than DTE Electric and its own subsidiaries (in relevant circumstances)) in making a decision with respect to DTE Electric's debt securities. Similarly, none of DTE Electric nor any other subsidiary of DTE Energy has any obligation in respect to debt securities of DTE Energy. This combined Form 10-Q should be read in its entirety. No one section of this combined Form 10-Q deals with all aspects of the subject matter of this combined Form 10-Q. This combined Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and Combined Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements and with Management's Discussion and Analysis included in the combined DTE Energy and DTE Electric 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Certain information presented herein includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 with respect to the financial condition, results of operations, and businesses of the Registrants. Words such as "anticipate," "believe," "expect," "may," "could," "projected," "aspiration," "plans," and "goals" signify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future results and conditions, but rather are subject to numerous assumptions, risks, and uncertainties that may cause actual future results to be materially different from those contemplated, projected, estimated, or budgeted. Many factors may impact forward-looking statements of the Registrants including, but not limited to, the following:
-
impact of regulation by the EPA, EGLE, the FERC, the MPSC, the NRC, and for DTE Energy, the CFTC and CARB, as well as other applicable governmental proceedings and regulations, including any associated impact on rate structures;
-
the amount and timing of cost recovery allowed as a result of regulatory proceedings, related appeals, or new legislation, including legislative amendments and retail access programs;
-
economic conditions and population changes in the Registrants' geographic area resulting in changes in demand, customer conservation, and thefts of electricity and, for DTE Energy, natural gas;
-
the operational failure of electric or gas distribution systems or infrastructure;
-
impact of volatility in prices in international steel markets and in prices of environmental attributes generated from renewable natural gas investments on the operations of DTE Vantage;
-
the risk of a major safety incident;
-
environmental issues, laws, regulations, and the increasing costs of remediation and compliance, including actual and potential new federal and state requirements;
-
the cost of protecting assets and customer data against, or damage due to, cyber incidents and terrorism;
-
health, safety, financial, environmental, and regulatory risks associated with ownership and operation of nuclear facilities;
-
volatility in commodity markets, deviations in weather, and related risks impacting the results of DTE Energy's energy trading operations;
-
changes in the cost and availability of coal and other raw materials, purchased power, and natural gas;
-
advances in technology that produce power, store power, or reduce power consumption;
-
changes in the financial condition of significant customers and strategic partners;
-
the potential for losses on investments, including nuclear decommissioning trust and benefit plan assets and the related increases in future expense and contributions;
-
access to capital markets and the results of other financing efforts which can be affected by credit agency ratings;
-
instability in capital markets which could impact availability of short and long-term financing;
-
impacts of inflation and the timing and extent of changes in interest rates;
-
the level of borrowings;
-
the potential for increased costs or delays in completion of significant capital projects;
-
changes in, and application of, federal, state, and local tax laws and their interpretations, including the Internal Revenue Code, regulations, rulings, court proceedings, and audits;
-
the effects of weather and other natural phenomena, including climate change, on operations and sales to customers, and purchases from suppliers;
-
unplanned outages at our generation plants;
-
employee relations and the impact of collective bargaining agreements;
-
the availability, cost, coverage, and terms of insurance and stability of insurance providers;
-
cost reduction efforts and the maximization of plant and distribution system performance;
-
the effects of competition;
-
changes in and application of accounting standards and financial reporting regulations;
-
changes in federal or state laws and their interpretation with respect to regulation, energy policy, and other business issues;
-
successful execution of new business development and future growth plans;
-
contract disputes, binding arbitration, litigation, and related appeals;
-
the ability of the electric and gas utilities to achieve net zero emissions goals; and
-
the risks discussed in the Registrants' public filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
New factors emerge from time to time. The Registrants cannot predict what factors may arise or how such factors may cause results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statement. Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which such statements are made. The Registrants undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events.
Part I — Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utility operations | $ | 2,060 | $ | 2,234 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-utility operations | 1,719 | 2,343 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 3,779 | 4,577 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fuel, purchased power, and gas — utility | 584 | 700 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Fuel, purchased power, gas, and other — non-utility | 1,437 | 2,242 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operation and maintenance | 600 | 596 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 385 | 358 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxes other than income | 122 | 123 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset (gains) losses and impairments, net | (1) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 3,127 | 4,019 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | 652 | 558 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (Income) and Deductions | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 191 | 154 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest income | (17) | (8) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-operating retirement benefits, net | 3 | (3) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income | (26) | (8) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expenses | 6 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 157 | 148 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Before Income Taxes | 495 | 410 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Tax Expense | 50 | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 445 | $ | 394 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Basic Earnings per Common Share | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 2.16 | $ | 2.03 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted Earnings per Common Share | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 2.16 | $ | 2.03 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted Average Common Shares Outstanding | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 206 | 193 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 206 | 194 |
See Combined Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income | $ | 445 | $ | 394 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benefit obligations, net of taxes of $— and $1, respectively | 1 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net unrealized losses on derivatives, net of taxes of $(1) and $—, respectively | (4) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | (3) | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 442 | $ | 397 |
See Combined Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
DTE Energy Company
Consolidated Statements of Financial Position (Unaudited)
| March 31, | December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||||||
| Current Assets | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 115 | $ | 33 | |||||||
| Res |
Showing the first 8K of 230K characters. Open the full section
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following combined discussion is separately filed by DTE Energy and DTE Electric. However, DTE Electric does not make any representations as to information related solely to DTE Energy or the subsidiaries of DTE Energy other than itself.
EXECUTIVE OVERVIEW
DTE Energy is a diversified energy company and is the parent company of DTE Electric and DTE Gas, regulated electric and natural gas utilities engaged primarily in the business of providing electricity and natural gas sales, distribution, and storage services throughout Michigan. DTE Energy also operates two energy-related non-utility segments with operations throughout the United States.
The following table summarizes DTE Energy's financial results:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 445 | $ | 394 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Diluted Earnings per Common Share | $ | 2.16 | $ | 2.03 |
The increase in Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company for the three months ended March 31, 2023 was primarily due to higher earnings in the DTE Vantage, Energy Trading, and Corporate and Other segments, partially offset by lower earnings in the Electric and Gas segments.
STRATEGY
DTE Energy's strategy is to achieve long-term earnings per share growth with a strong balance sheet and attractive dividend.
DTE Energy's utilities are investing capital to support a modern, reliable grid and cleaner, affordable energy through investments in base infrastructure and new generation. Increasing intensity of wind storms and other weather events, coupled with increasing electric vehicle adoption, will drive a continued need for substantial grid investment over the long-term.
DTE Energy plans to reduce the carbon emissions of its electric utility operations by 32% by the end of 2023, 65% in 2028, 85% in 2035, and 90% by 2040 from 2005 carbon emissions levels. DTE Energy plans to end its use of coal-fired power plants in 2035, pending approval by the MPSC, and is committed to a net zero carbon emissions goal by 2050 for its electric and gas utility operations.
To achieve the targeted carbon reduction goals at the electric utility, DTE Energy will continue its transition away from coal-powered energy sources and is replacing or offsetting the generation from these facilities with renewable energy, natural gas, battery storage, and energy waste reduction initiatives. Refer to the "Capital Investments" section below for further discussion regarding DTE Energy's retirement of its aging coal-fired plants and transition to renewable energy and other sources. Over the long-term, DTE Energy is also monitoring the advancement of emerging technologies such as long-duration storage, modular nuclear reactors, and carbon capture and sequestration, and how these technologies may support clean, reliable generation and customer affordability.
For the gas utility, DTE Energy aims to cut carbon emissions across the entire value chain. DTE Energy plans to reduce the carbon emissions from its gas utility operations by 65% by 2030 and 80% by 2040, and is committed to a goal of net zero emissions by 2050 from internal gas operations and gas suppliers. To achieve net zero, DTE Energy is working to source gas with lower methane intensity, reduce emissions through its gas main renewal and pipeline integrity programs, and if necessary, use carbon offsets to address any remaining emissions. DTE Energy also aims to help DTE Gas customers reduce their emissions by 35% by 2040 by increasing energy efficiency, pursuing advanced technologies such as hydrogen and carbon capture and sequestration, and through the CleanVision Natural Gas Balance program which provides customers the option to use carbon offsets and renewable natural gas.
DTE Energy expects that these initiatives at the electric and gas utilities will continue to provide significant opportunities for capital investments and result in earnings growth. DTE Energy is focused on executing its plans to achieve operational excellence and customer satisfaction with a focus on customer affordability. DTE Energy expects its goals for customer affordability to be aided by operational efficiencies and new opportunities resulting from the Inflation Reduction Act enacted in August 2022. Such opportunities include tax credits for renewable energy, nuclear generation, energy storage, and carbon capture and sequestration, which are expected to reduce the cost of owning related assets and reduce customer rate impacts from any future cost recoveries. DTE Energy's utilities operate in a constructive regulatory environment and have solid relationships with their regulators.
DTE Energy also has significant investments in non-utility businesses and expects growth opportunities in its DTE Vantage segment. DTE Energy employs disciplined investment criteria when assessing growth opportunities that leverage its assets, skills, and expertise, and provides attractive returns and diversity in earnings and geography. Specifically, DTE Energy invests in targeted markets with attractive competitive dynamics where meaningful scale is in alignment with its risk profile.
A key priority for DTE Energy is to maintain a strong balance sheet which facilitates access to capital markets and reasonably priced financing. Growth will be funded through internally generated cash flows and the issuance of debt and equity. DTE Energy has an enterprise risk management program that, among other things, is designed to monitor and manage exposure to earnings and cash flow volatility related to commodity price changes, interest rates, and counterparty credit risk.
CAPITAL INVESTMENTS
DTE Energy's utility businesses will require significant capital investments to maintain and improve the electric generation and electric and natural gas distribution infrastructure and to comply with environmental regulations and achieve goals for carbon emission reductions. Capital plans may be regularly updated as these requirements and goals evolve and may be subject to regulatory approval.
DTE Electric's capital investments over the 2023-2027 period are estimated at $18 billion, comprised of $9 billion for distribution infrastructure, $4 billion for base infrastructure, and $5 billion for cleaner generation including renewables. DTE Electric has retired all eleven coal-fired generation units at the Trenton Channel, River Rouge, and St. Clair facilities and has announced plans to retire its remaining six coal-fired generating units. DTE Electric plans to convert the two units at the Belle River facility from a base load coal plant to a natural gas peaking resource in 2025-2026. The four units at the Monroe facility are expected to be retired in two stages in 2028 and 2035. Generation from the retired facilities will continue to be replaced or offset with a combination of renewables, energy waste reduction, demand response, battery storage, and natural gas fueled generation.
DTE Gas' capital investments over the 2023-2027 period are estimated at $3.6 billion, comprised of $2.0 billion for base infrastructure and $1.6 billion for the gas renewal program, which includes main and service renewals, meter move-out, and pipeline integrity projects.
DTE Electric and DTE Gas plan to seek regulatory approval for capital expenditures consistent with ratemaking treatment.
DTE Energy's non-utility businesses' capital investments are primarily for expansion, growth, and ongoing maintenance in the DTE Vantage segment, including approximately $1.0 billion to $1.5 billion from 2023-2027 for renewable energy projects and custom energy solutions, while expanding into carbon capture and sequestration.
ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS
The Registrants are subject to extensive environmental regulations, including those addressing climate change. Additional costs may result as the effects of various substances on the environment are studied and governmental regulations are developed and implemented. Actual costs to comply could vary substantially. The Registrants expect to continue recovering environmental costs related to utility operations through rates charged to customers, as authorized by the MPSC.
Increased costs for energy produced from traditional coal-based sources due to recent, pending, and future regulatory initiatives could also increase the economic viability of energy produced from renewable, natural gas fueled generation, and/or nuclear sources, energy waste reduction initiatives, and the potential development of market-based trading of carbon instruments.
For further discussion of environmental matters, see Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "Commitments and Contingencies."
OUTLOOK
The next few years will be a period of rapid change for DTE Energy and for the energy industry. DTE Energy's strong utility base, combined with its integrated non-utility operations, position it well for long-term growth.
Looking forward, DTE Energy will focus on several areas that are expected to improve future performance:
-
electric and gas customer satisfaction;
-
electric distribution system reliability;
-
new electric generation and storage;
-
gas distribution system renewal;
-
reducing carbon emissions at the electric and gas utilities;
-
rate competitiveness and affordability;
-
regulatory stability and investment recovery for the electric and gas utilities;
-
strategic investments in growth projects at DTE Vantage;
-
employee engagement, health, safety and wellbeing, and diversity, equity, and inclusion;
-
cost structure optimization across all business segments; and
-
cash, capital, and liquidity to maintain or improve financial strength.
DTE Energy will continue to pursue opportunities to grow its businesses in a disciplined manner if it can secure opportunities that meet its strategic, financial, and risk criteria.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following sections provide a detailed discussion of the operating performance and future outlook of DTE Energy's segments. Segment information, described below, includes intercompany revenues and expenses, and other income and deductions that are eliminated in the Consolidated Financial Statements.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income (Loss) Attributable to DTE Energy by Segment | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Electric | $ | 101 | $ | 201 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gas | 171 | 196 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| DTE Vantage | 27 | 14 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Energy Trading | 138 | (9) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate and Other | 8 | (8) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 445 | $ | 394 |
ELECTRIC
The Results of Operations discussion for DTE Electric is presented in a reduced disclosure format in accordance with General Instruction H(2) of Form 10-Q.
The Electric segment consists principally of DTE Electric. Electric results and outlook are discussed below:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utility operations | $ | 1,375 | $ | 1,486 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-utility operations | 4 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1,379 | 1,490 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fuel and purchased power — utility | 362 | 437 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operation and maintenance | 410 | 388 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 320 | 297 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxes other than income | 85 | 88 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1,177 | 1,210 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | 202 | 280 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (Income) and Deductions | 84 | 76 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Tax Expense | 17 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 101 | $ | 201 | |||||||||||||||||||
See DTE Electric's Consolidated Statements of Operations for a complete view of its results. Differences between the Electric segment and DTE Electric's Consolidated Statements of Operations are primarily due to non-utility operations at DTE Sustainable Generation (some of which includes intra-segment activity that is eliminated in consolidation) and the classification of certain benefit costs. Refer to Note 13 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "Retirement Benefits and Trusteed Assets" for additional information.
Operating Revenues decreased $111 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. Revenues associated with certain mechanisms and surcharges, including recovery of fuel and purchased power, are offset by related expenses elsewhere in the Registrants' Consolidated Statements of Operations. The decrease was due to the following:
| Three Months | |||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||
| Power Supply Cost Recovery | $ | (88) | |||||||||
| Weather | (49) | ||||||||||
| Base sales | (30) | ||||||||||
| COVID-19 voluntary refund amortization in 2022 | (8) | ||||||||||
| Implementation of new rates | 8 | ||||||||||
| Rate mix | 15 | ||||||||||
| Interconnection sales volumes and rates | 29 | ||||||||||
| Other regulatory mechanisms and other | 12 | ||||||||||
| $ | (111) |
Revenue results are impacted by changes in sales volumes, which are summarized in the table below:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands of MWh) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| DTE Electric Sales | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential | 3,464 | 3,839 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial | 3,846 | 3,950 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Industrial | 2,116 | 2,054 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 56 | 57 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 9,482 | 9,900 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interconnection sales(a) | 1,595 | 594 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total DTE Electric Sales | 11,077 | 10,494 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| DTE Electric Deliveries | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Retail and wholesale | 9,482 | 9,900 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Electric retail access, including self-generators(b) | 1,042 | 1,090 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total DTE Electric Sales and Deliveries | 10,524 | 10,990 |
(a)Represents power that is not distributed by DTE Electric.
(b)Represents deliveries for self-generators that have purchased power from alternative energy suppliers to supplement their power requirements.
Fuel and purchased power — utility expense decreased $75 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was due to the following:
| Three Months | |||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||
| Purchased power - lower market prices and lower purchase volumes due to higher electric generation | $ | (131) | |||||||||
| Coal - lower consumption due to coal plant retirements, partially offset by higher prices | (11) | ||||||||||
| Nuclear fuel - higher amortization due to refueling outage in 2022 | 12 | ||||||||||
| Gas - higher consumption, primarily due to Blue Water Energy Center | 50 | ||||||||||
| Other | 5 | ||||||||||
| $ | (75) |
Operation and maintenance expense increased $22 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to higher distribution operations expense of $84 million (primarily due to higher storm restoration costs), higher EWR expense of $3 million, higher RPS expense of $3 million, and higher legal expense of $3 million. These increases were partially offset by lower plant generation expense of $50 million (primarily due to lower outage costs and coal plant retirements) and lower benefits and other compensation expense of $20 million (primarily due to the deferral of pension costs authorized in the November 2022 rate order from the MPSC).
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $23 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to a higher depreciable base.
Taxes other than income decreased $3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to lower payroll taxes.
Other (Income) and Deductions increased $8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to higher net interest expense of $9 million and higher non-operating retirement benefits expense of $7 million, partially offset by a favorable change in investment earnings of $6 million.
Income Tax Expense increased $14 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to lower amortization of the TCJA regulatory liability, partially offset by lower earnings.
Outlook — DTE Electric will continue to move forward in its efforts to achieve operational excellence, sustain strong cash flows, and earn its authorized return on equity. DTE Electric expects that planned significant capital investments will result in earnings growth. DTE Electric will maintain a strong focus on customers by increasing reliability and satisfaction while keeping customer rate increases affordable. Looking forward, additional factors may impact earnings such as weather, the outcome of regulatory proceedings, benefit plan design changes, uncertainty of legislative or regulatory actions regarding climate change, and effects of energy waste reduction programs.
DTE Electric filed a rate case with the MPSC on February 10, 2023 requesting an increase in base rates of $622 million based on a projected twelve-month period ending November 30, 2024, and an increase in return on equity from 9.9% to 10.25%. The requested increase in base rates is primarily due to increased investments in plant involving generation and the electric distribution system, as well as related increases to depreciation and property tax expenses. These investments will support DTE Energy's goals to reduce carbon emissions and improve power reliability. The requested increase in base rates is also due to a projected sales decline from the level included in current rates and inflationary impacts on operating and interest costs. A final MPSC order in this case is expected in December 2023.
On April 3, 2023, DTE Electric filed an application with the MPSC requesting a financing order to approve the securitization of $496 million of qualified costs related to the net book value of the St. Clair and Trenton Channel generation plants. The filing requests recovery of these qualifying costs from DTE Electric's customers. A final MPSC order is expected by July 2023.
GAS
The Gas segment consists principally of DTE Gas. Gas results and outlook are discussed below:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenues — Utility operations | $ | 707 | $ | 766 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of gas — utility | 254 | 280 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operation and maintenance | 125 | 135 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 51 | 47 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxes other than income | 31 | 28 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset (gains) losses and impairments, net | (1) | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 460 | 490 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | 247 | 276 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (Income) and Deductions | 22 | 20 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Tax Expense | 54 | 60 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 171 | $ | 196 |
Operating Revenues — Utility operations decreased $59 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. Revenues associated with certain mechanisms and surcharges, including recovery of the cost of gas, are offset by related expenses elsewhere in DTE Energy's Consolidated Statements of Operations. The decrease was due to the following:
| Three Months | |||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||
| Weather | $ | (55) | |||||||||
| Gas Cost Recovery | (26) | ||||||||||
| Base sales | 6 | ||||||||||
| Infrastructure recovery mechanism | 10 | ||||||||||
| Other | 6 | ||||||||||
| $ | (59) |
Revenue results are impacted by changes in sales volumes, which are summarized in the table below:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In Bcf) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gas Markets | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gas sales | 62 | 71 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| End-user transportation | 50 | 55 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 112 | 126 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Intermediate transportation | 148 | 150 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Gas sales | 260 | 276 |
Cost of gas — utility expense decreased $26 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to lower sales volumes of $43 million, partially offset by a higher cost of gas of $17 million.
Operation and maintenance expense decreased $10 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to lower gas operations expense of $6 million, lower corporate support costs of $4 million, and lower benefits and other compensation expense of $3 million, partially offset by higher uncollectible expense of $3 million.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $4 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to a higher depreciable base.
Taxes other than income expense increased $3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to higher property taxes.
Outlook — DTE Gas will continue to move forward in its efforts to achieve operational excellence, sustain strong cash flows, and earn its authorized return on equity. DTE Gas expects that planned significant infrastructure capital investments will result in earnings growth. Looking forward, additional factors may impact earnings such as weather, the outcome of regulatory proceedings, and benefit plan design changes. DTE Gas expects to continue its efforts to improve productivity and decrease costs while improving customer satisfaction with consideration of customer rate affordability.
DTE VANTAGE
The DTE Vantage segment is comprised primarily of renewable energy projects that sell electricity and pipeline-quality gas and projects that deliver custom energy solutions to industrial, commercial, and institutional customers. DTE Vantage results and outlook are discussed below:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenues — Non-utility operations | $ | 184 | $ | 179 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Fuel, purchased power, and gas — non-utility | 94 | 80 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operation and maintenance | 58 | 65 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 13 | 13 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxes other than income | 3 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 168 | 162 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | 16 | 17 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (Income) and Deductions | (9) | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Taxes | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Expense | 7 | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax credits | (9) | (2) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| (2) | 2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 27 | $ | 14 |
Operating Revenues — Non-utility operations increased $5 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was due to the following:
| Three Months | |||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||
| Higher demand and prices in the Steel business | $ | 35 | |||||||||
| Lower demand and prices in the On-site business | (5) | ||||||||||
| Sale of projects in the On-site business | (5) | ||||||||||
| Lower sales and prices in the Renewable business | (17) | ||||||||||
| Other | (3) | ||||||||||
| $ | 5 |
Fuel, purchased power, and gas — non-utility expense increased $14 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to the following:
| Three Months | |||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||
| Higher demand and prices in the Steel business | $ | 23 | |||||||||
| Sale of projects in the On-site business | (2) | ||||||||||
| Lower demand and prices in the On-site business | (5) | ||||||||||
| Other | (2) | ||||||||||
| $ | 14 |
Operation and maintenance expense decreased $7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to lower maintenance spending in the Renewables business and the sale of projects in the On-site business.
Other (Income) and Deductions increased $10 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to $7 million of higher equity investment earnings in the Renewable business and $2 million of higher interest income associated with a new project in the Steel business.
Income Taxes — Tax credits increased $7 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to investment tax credits for a new project in the Renewables business.
Outlook — DTE Vantage will continue to leverage its extensive energy-related operating experience and project management capability to develop additional renewable natural gas projects and other projects that will provide customer specific energy solutions. DTE Vantage is also developing decarbonization opportunities relating to carbon capture and sequestration projects.
ENERGY TRADING
Energy Trading focuses on physical and financial power, natural gas and environmental marketing and trading, structured transactions, enhancement of returns from its asset portfolio, and optimization of contracted natural gas pipeline transportation and storage positions. Energy Trading also provides natural gas, power, environmental, and related services, which may include the management of associated storage and transportation contracts on the customers' behalf and the supply or purchase of environmental attributes to various customers. Energy Trading results and outlook are discussed below:
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenues — Non-utility operations | $ | 1,568 | $ | 2,203 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Expenses | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased power, gas, and other — non-utility | 1,356 | 2,190 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Operation and maintenance | 21 | 19 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxes other than income | 3 | 3 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| 1,381 | 2,213 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income (Loss) | 187 | (10) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Other (Income) and Deductions | 3 | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Income Tax Expense (Benefit) | 46 | (3) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Net Income (Loss) Attributable to DTE Energy Company | $ | 138 | $ | (9) |
Operating Revenues — Non-utility operations decreased $635 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was due to the following:
| Three Months | |||||
| (In millions) | |||||
| Gas structured and gas transportation strategies - lower volumes and gas prices ($735), offset by settled financial hedges $30 | $ | (705) | |||
| Power full requirements strategy - settled financial hedges ($153), offset by higher power sales $104 primarily due to higher volumes | (49) | ||||
| Unrealized MTM - losses of ($4) compared to losses of ($128) in the prior period | 124 | ||||
| Other realized gain (loss) | (5) | ||||
| $ | (635) |
Purchased power, gas, and other — non-utility expense decreased $834 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023. The decrease was due to the following:
| Three Months | |||||
| (In millions) | |||||
| Gas structured and gas transportation strategies - lower gas prices and volumes | $ | (725) | |||
| Power full requirements strategy - primarily due to lower capacity prices | (30) | ||||
| Unrealized MTM - gains of ($147) compared to gains of ($65) in the prior period | (82) | ||||
| Other realized (gain) loss | 3 | ||||
| $ | (834) |
Natural gas structured transactions typically involve a physical purchase or sale of natural gas in the future and/or natural gas basis financial instruments which are derivatives and a related non-derivative pipeline transportation contract. These gas structured transactions can result in significant earnings volatility as the derivative components are marked-to-market without revaluing the related non-derivative contracts.
Operating Income (Loss) includes timing related gains and losses primarily related to gas strategies that will reverse in future periods as the underlying contracts settle, including gains of $169 million and losses of $91 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Operating Income (Loss) also includes timing related gains and losses primarily related to gas strategies recognized in previous periods that reversed as the underlying contracts settled, including losses of $51 million and $19 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Outlook — In the near-term, Energy Trading expects market conditions to remain challenging. The profitability of this segment may be impacted by the volatility in commodity prices and the uncertainty of impacts associated with regulatory changes, and changes in operating rules of Regional Transmission Organizations. Significant portions of the Energy Trading portfolio are economically hedged. Most financial instruments, physical power and natural gas contracts, and certain environmental contracts are deemed derivatives; whereas, natural gas and environmental inventory, contracts for pipeline transportation, storage assets, and some environmental contracts are not derivatives. As a result, Energy Trading will experience earnings volatility as derivatives are marked-to-market without revaluing the underlying non-derivative contracts and assets. Energy Trading's strategy is to economically manage the price risk of these underlying non-derivative contracts and assets with futures, forwards, swaps, and options. This results in gains and losses that are recognized in different interim and annual accounting periods.
See also the "Fair Value" section herein and Notes 7 and 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "Fair Value" and "Financial and Other Derivative Instruments," respectively.
CORPORATE AND OTHER
Corporate and Other includes various holding company activities, holds certain non-utility debt, and holds certain investments, including funds supporting regional development and economic growth. The net income of $8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 represents a change of $16 million from the net loss of $8 million in the comparable 2022 period. The change was primarily due to effective income tax rate adjustments, lower state income taxes, and higher equity investment earnings, partially offset by higher net interest expense.
CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
Cash Requirements
DTE Energy uses cash to maintain and invest in the electric and natural gas utilities, to grow the non-utility businesses, to retire and pay interest on long-term debt, and to pay dividends. DTE Energy believes it will have sufficient internal and external capital resources to fund anticipated capital and operating requirements. DTE Energy expects that cash from operations in 2023 will be approximately $3.2 billion. DTE Energy anticipates base level utility capital investments, including environmental, renewable, and energy waste reduction expenditures, and expenditures for non-utility businesses of approximately $4.2 billion in 2023. DTE Energy plans to seek regulatory approval to include utility capital expenditures in regulatory rate base consistent with prior treatment. Capital spending for growth of existing or new non-utility businesses will depend on the existence of opportunities that meet strict risk-return and value creation criteria.
Refer below for analysis of cash flows relating to operating, investing, and financing activities, which reflect DTE Energy's change in financial condition. Any significant non-cash items are included in the Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities within the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, as applicable.
| Three Months Ended March 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| (in millions) | |||||||||||
| Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at Beginning of Period | $ | 43 | $ | 35 | |||||||
| Net cash from operating activities | 924 | 808 | |||||||||
| Net cash used for investing activities | (981) | (782) | |||||||||
| Net cash from financing activities | 151 | 95 | |||||||||
| Net Increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash | 94 | 121 | |||||||||
| Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash at End of Period | $ | 137 | $ | 156 |
Cash from Operating Activities
A majority of DTE Energy's operating cash flows are provided by the electric and natural gas utilities, which are significantly influenced by factors such as weather, electric retail access, regulatory deferrals, regulatory outcomes, economic conditions, changes in working capital, and operating costs.
Net cash from operations increased by $116 million in 2023. The increase was primarily due to increases in Net Income, Depreciation and amortization, and Deferred income taxes, partially offset by lower cash from working capital items.
The change in working capital items in 2023 was primarily due to decreases in cash related to Accounts payable, Derivative assets and liabilities, and Other current and noncurrent assets and liabilities, partially offset by increases in cash related to Accounts receivable, net and Regulatory assets and liabilities.
Cash used for Investing Activities
Cash inflows associated with investing activities are primarily generated from the sale of assets, while cash outflows are the result of plant and equipment expenditures and acquisitions. In any given year, DTE Energy looks to realize cash from under-performing or non-strategic assets or matured, fully valued assets.
Capital spending within the utility businesses is primarily to maintain and improve electric generation and the electric and natural gas distribution infrastructure, and to comply with environmental regulations and renewable energy goals.
Capital spending within the non-utility businesses is primarily for ongoing maintenance, expansion, and growth. DTE Energy looks to make growth investments that meet strict criteria in terms of strategy, management skills, risks, and returns. All new investments are analyzed for their rates of return and cash payback on a risk adjusted basis. DTE Energy has been disciplined in how it deploys capital and will not make investments unless they meet the criteria. For new business lines, DTE Energy initially invests based on research and analysis. DTE Energy starts with a limited investment, evaluates the results, and either expands or exits the business based on those results. In any given year, the amount of growth capital will be determined by the underlying cash flows of DTE Energy, with a clear understanding of any potential impact on its credit ratings.
Net cash used for investing activities increased by $199 million in 2023 primarily due to an increase in utility plant and equipment expenditures.
Cash from Financing Activities
DTE Energy relies on both short-term borrowing and long-term financing as a source of funding for capital requirements not satisfied by its operations.
DTE Energy's strategy is to have a targeted debt portfolio blend of fixed and variable interest rates and maturity. DTE Energy targets balance sheet financial metrics to ensure it is consistent with the objective of a strong investment grade debt rating.
Net cash from financing activities increased by $56 million in 2023 primarily due to an increase in the Issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs and decreases in Redemption of long-term debt and Repurchase of common stock, partially offset by lower cash related to Short-term borrowings, net.
Outlook
Sources of Cash
DTE Energy expects cash flows from operations to increase over the long-term, primarily as a result of growth from the utility and non-utility businesses. Growth in the utilities is expected to be driven primarily by capital spending which will increase the base from which rates are determined. DTE Energy expects long-term growth in sales related to vehicle electrification, but no significant impacts in the near-term. Non-utility growth is expected from additional investments in the DTE Vantage segment, primarily related to renewable energy and custom energy solutions, while expanding into carbon capture and sequestration. DTE Vantage expects enhanced growth opportunities in decarbonization as a result of the Inflation Reduction Act enacted in August 2022, including tax credits for renewable natural gas and carbon capture projects.
DTE Energy's utilities may be impacted by the timing of collection or refund of various recovery and tracking mechanisms, as a result of timing of MPSC orders. Energy prices are likely to be a source of volatility with regard to working capital requirements for the foreseeable future. DTE Energy continues its efforts to identify opportunities to improve cash flows through working capital initiatives and maintaining flexibility in the timing and extent of long-term capital projects.
At the discretion of management and depending upon economic and financial market conditions, DTE Energy expects to issue up to $100 million of equity in 2023. If issued, DTE Energy anticipates these discretionary equity issuances would be made through contributions to the dividend reinvestment plan and/or employee benefit plans.
Over the long-term, DTE Energy does not have any equity commitments and will continue to evaluate equity needs on an annual basis. DTE Energy currently expects its primary source of long-term financing to be the issuance of debt and is monitoring the impact of rising interest rates on the cost of borrowing.
Uses of Cash
DTE Energy has $1.7 billion in long-term debt, including finance leases, maturing within twelve months. Repayment of the debt is expected to be made through internally generated funds and the issuance of short-term and/or long-term debt.
DTE Energy has paid quarterly cash dividends for more than 100 consecutive years and expects to continue paying regular cash dividends in the future, including approximately $0.8 billion in 2023. Any payment of future dividends is subject to approval by the Board of Directors and may depend on DTE Energy's future earnings, capital requirements, and financial condition. Over the long-term, DTE Energy expects continued dividend growth and is targeting a payout ratio consistent with pure-play utility companies.
Various subsidiaries and equity investees of DTE Energy have entered into derivative and non-derivative contracts which contain ratings triggers and are guaranteed by DTE Energy. These contracts contain provisions which allow the counterparties to require that DTE Energy post cash or letters of credit as collateral in the event that DTE Energy's credit rating is downgraded below investment grade. Certain of these provisions (known as "hard triggers") state specific circumstances under which DTE Energy can be required to post collateral upon the occurrence of a credit downgrade, while other provisions (known as "soft triggers") are not as specific. For contracts with soft triggers, it is difficult to estimate the amount of collateral which may be requested by counterparties and/or which DTE Energy may ultimately be required to post. The amount of such collateral which could be requested fluctuates based on commodity prices (primarily natural gas, power, and environmental) and the provisions and maturities of the underlying transactions. As of March 31, 2023, DTE Energy's contractual obligation to post collateral in the form of cash or letters of credit in the event of a downgrade to below investment grade, under both hard trigger and soft trigger provisions, was $481 million.
Other obligations are further described in the following Combined Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements:
| Note | Title | |||||||
| 1 | Organization and Basis of Presentation | |||||||
| 2 | Significant Accounting Policies | |||||||
| 5 | Regulatory Matters | |||||||
| 8 | Financial and Other Derivative Instruments | |||||||
| 9 | Long-Term Debt | |||||||
| 10 | Short-Term Credit Arrangements and Borrowings | |||||||
| 12 | Commitments and Contingencies | |||||||
| 13 | Retirement Benefits and Trusteed Assets |
Also refer to the "Capital Investments" section above regarding DTE Energy's capital strategy and estimated spend over the next five years. For additional information regarding DTE Energy's future cash obligations, including scheduled debt maturities and interest payments, minimum lease payments, and future purchase commitments, refer to DTE Energy's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Liquidity
DTE Energy has approximately $3.1 billion of available liquidity at March 31, 2023, consisting primarily of cash and cash equivalents and amounts available under unsecured revolving credit agreements and term loans.
DTE Energy believes it will have sufficient operating flexibility, cash resources, and funding sources to maintain adequate amounts of liquidity and to meet future operating cash and capital expenditure needs. However, virtually all of DTE Energy's businesses are capital intensive, or require access to capital, and the inability to access adequate capital could adversely impact earnings and cash flows.
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
See Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "New Accounting Pronouncements."
FAIR VALUE
Derivatives are generally recorded at fair value and shown as Derivative assets or liabilities. Contracts DTE Energy typically classifies as derivative instruments include power, natural gas, some environmental contracts, and certain forwards, futures, options and swaps, and foreign currency exchange contracts. Items DTE Energy does not generally account for as derivatives include natural gas and environmental inventory, pipeline transportation contracts, storage assets, and some environmental contracts. See Notes 7 and 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "Fair Value" and "Financial and Other Derivative Instruments," respectively.
The tables below do not include the expected earnings impact of non-derivative natural gas storage, transportation, certain power contracts, and some environmental contracts which are subject to accrual accounting. Consequently, gains and losses from these positions may not match with the related physical and financial hedging instruments in some reporting periods, resulting in volatility in the Registrants' reported period-by-period earnings; however, the financial impact of the timing differences will reverse at the time of physical delivery and/or settlement.
The Registrants manage their MTM risk on a portfolio basis based upon the delivery period of their contracts and the individual components of the risks within each contract. Accordingly, the Registrants record and manage the energy purchase and sale obligations under their contracts in separate components based on the commodity (e.g. electricity or natural gas), the product (e.g. electricity for delivery during peak or off-peak hours), the delivery location (e.g. by region), the risk profile (e.g. forward or option), and the delivery period (e.g. by month and year).
The Registrants have established a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value in three broad levels. The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). For further discussion of the fair value hierarchy, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "Fair Value."
The following table provides details on changes in DTE Energy's MTM net asset (or liability) position:
| DTE Energy | |||||
| (In millions) | |||||
| MTM at December 31, 2022 | $ | (224) | |||
| Reclassified to realized upon settlement | 40 | ||||
| Changes in fair value recorded to income | 103 | ||||
| Amounts recorded to unrealized income | 143 | ||||
| Changes in fair value recorded in Regulatory liabilities | (9) | ||||
| Amounts recorded in other comprehensive income, pre-tax | (5) | ||||
| Change in collateral | 49 | ||||
| MTM at March 31, 2023 | $ | (46) |
The table below shows the maturity of DTE Energy's MTM positions. The positions from 2026 and beyond principally represent longer tenor gas structured transactions:
| Source of Fair Value | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 and Beyond | Total Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 1 | $ | (51) | $ | 21 | $ | 10 | $ | 1 | $ | (19) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 2 | 65 | (38) | (3) | (25) | (1) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Level 3 | (16) | (5) | (20) | (57) | (98) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MTM before collateral adjustments | $ | (2) | $ | (22) | $ | (13) | $ | (81) | (118) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Collateral adjustments | 72 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| MTM at March 31, 2023 | $ | (46) |
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market Price Risk
The Electric and Gas businesses have commodity price risk, primarily related to the purchases of coal, natural gas, uranium, and electricity. However, the Registrants do not bear significant exposure to earnings risk, as such changes are included in the PSCR and GCR regulatory rate-recovery mechanisms. Earnings may be indirectly impacted if PSCR or GCR charges increase such that it impacts the collectability of receivables and increases uncollectible expense. Refer to the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts section below for additional information.
Changes in the price of natural gas can also impact the valuation of lost and unaccounted for gas, storage sales, and transportation services revenue at the Gas segment. The Gas segment manages its market price risk related to storage sales revenue primarily through the sale of long-term storage contracts. The Registrants are exposed to short-term cash flow or liquidity risk as a result of the time differential between actual cash settlements and regulatory rate recovery.
The DTE Vantage segment is subject to price risk for electricity, natural gas, coal products, and environmental attributes generated from its renewable natural gas investments. DTE Energy manages its exposure to commodity price risk through the use of long-term contracts and hedging instruments, when available.
DTE Energy's Energy Trading business segment has exposure to electricity, natural gas, environmental, crude oil, heating oil, and foreign currency exchange price fluctuations. These risks are managed by the energy marketing and trading operations through the use of forward energy, capacity, storage, options, and futures contracts, within predetermined risk parameters.
Credit Risk
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Registrants regularly review contingent matters, existing and future economic conditions, customer trends and other factors relating to customers and their contracts and record provisions for amounts considered at risk of probable loss in the allowance for doubtful accounts. The Registrants believe their accrued amounts are adequate for probable loss. The Registrants manage this risk by working at the state and federal levels to promote funding programs for low-income customers, providing energy assistance programs and support, and promoting timely customer payments through adherence to MPSC billing practice rules relating to payment arrangements, energy disconnects, and restores.
Trading Activities
DTE Energy is exposed to credit risk through trading activities. Credit risk is the potential loss that may result if the trading counterparties fail to meet their contractual obligations. DTE Energy utilizes both external and internal credit assessments when determining the credit quality of trading counterparties.
The following table displays the credit quality of DTE Energy's trading counterparties as of March 31, 2023:
| Credit Exposure Before Cash Collateral | Cash Collateral | Net Credit Exposure | |||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||
| Investment Grade(a) | |||||||||||||||||
| A- and Greater | $ | 451 | $ | — | $ | 451 | |||||||||||
| BBB+ and BBB | 267 | — | 267 | ||||||||||||||
| BBB- | 69 | — | 69 | ||||||||||||||
| Total Investment Grade | 787 | — | 787 | ||||||||||||||
| Non-investment grade(b) | 29 | (3) | 26 | ||||||||||||||
| Internally Rated — investment grade(c) | 388 | (1) | 387 | ||||||||||||||
| Internally Rated — non-investment grade(d) | 40 | (1) | 39 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 1,244 | $ | (5) | $ | 1,239 |
(a)This category includes counterparties with minimum credit ratings of Baa3 assigned by Moody’s Investors Service (Moody’s) or BBB-assigned by Standard & Poor’s Rating Group, a division of McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (Standard & Poor’s). The five largest counterparty exposures, combined, for this category represented 20% of the total gross credit exposure.
(b)This category includes counterparties with credit ratings that are below investment grade. The five largest counterparty exposures, combined, for this category represented 2% of the total gross credit exposure.
(c)This category includes counterparties that have not been rated by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s but are considered investment grade based on DTE Energy’s evaluation of the counterparty’s creditworthiness. The five largest counterparty exposures, combined, for this category represented 10% of the total gross credit exposure.
(d)This category includes counterparties that have not been rated by Moody’s or Standard & Poor’s and are considered non-investment grade based on DTE Energy’s evaluation of the counterparty’s creditworthiness. The five largest counterparty exposures, combined, for this category represented 2% of the total gross credit exposure.
Other
The Registrants engage in business with customers that are non-investment grade. The Registrants closely monitor the credit ratings of these customers and, when deemed necessary and permitted under the tariffs, request collateral or guarantees from such customers to secure their obligations.
Interest Rate Risk
DTE Energy is subject to interest rate risk in connection with the issuance of debt. In order to manage interest costs, DTE Energy may use treasury locks and interest rate swap agreements. DTE Energy's exposure to interest rate risk arises primarily from changes in U.S. Treasury rates, commercial paper rates, credit spreads, and SOFR. As of March 31, 2023, DTE Energy had floating rate debt of $1.1 billion and a floating rate debt-to-total debt ratio of 5.9%.
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
DTE Energy has foreign currency exchange risk arising from market price fluctuations associated with fixed priced contracts. These contracts are denominated in Canadian dollars and are primarily for the purchase and sale of natural gas and power, as well as for long-term transportation capacity. To limit DTE Energy's exposure to foreign currency exchange fluctuations, DTE Energy has entered into a series of foreign currency exchange forward contracts through December 2032.
Summary of Sensitivity Analyses
Sensitivity analyses were performed on the fair values of commodity contracts for DTE Energy and long-term debt obligations for the Registrants. The commodity contracts listed below principally relate to energy marketing and trading activities. The sensitivity analyses involved increasing and decreasing forward prices and rates at March 31, 2023 and 2022 by a hypothetical 10% and calculating the resulting change in the fair values. The hypothetical losses related to long-term debt would be realized only if DTE Energy transferred all of its fixed-rate long-term debt to other creditors.
The results of the sensitivity analyses:
| Assuming a 10% Increase in Prices/Rates | Assuming a 10% Decrease in Prices/Rates | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of March 31, | As of March 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Activity | 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | Change in the Fair Value of | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Environmental contracts | $ | (2) | $ | (6) | $ | 2 | $ | 6 | Commodity contracts | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gas contracts | $ | 19 | $ | 52 | $ | (19) | $ | (52) | Commodity contracts | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Power contracts | $ | 8 | $ | 13 | $ | (8) | $ | (14) | Commodity contracts | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oil contracts | $ | 1 | $ | — | $ | (1) | $ | — | Commodity contracts | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate risk — DTE Energy | $ | (709) | $ | (756) | $ | 762 | $ | 791 | Long-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest rate risk — DTE Electric | $ | (480) | $ | (404) | $ | 523 | $ | 433 | Long-term debt | |||||||||||||||||||||||
For further discussion of market risk, see Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "Financial and Other Derivative Instruments."
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
DTE Energy
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Management of DTE Energy carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of DTE Energy's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of DTE Energy's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of March 31, 2023, which is the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, DTE Energy's CEO and CFO have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by DTE Energy in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to DTE Energy's management, including its CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Due to the inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any disclosure controls and procedures, management cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of its disclosure controls and procedures will be attained.
(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There have been no changes in DTE Energy's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, DTE Energy's internal control over financial reporting.
DTE Electric
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
Management of DTE Electric carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of DTE Electric's Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of DTE Electric's disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of March 31, 2023, which is the end of the period covered by this report. Based on this evaluation, DTE Electric's CEO and CFO have concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective in providing reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by DTE Electric in reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act (i) is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and (ii) is accumulated and communicated to DTE Electric's management, including its CEO and CFO, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Due to the inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any disclosure controls and procedures, management cannot provide absolute assurance that the objectives of its disclosure controls and procedures will be attained.
(b) Changes in internal control over financial reporting
There have been no changes in DTE Electric's internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended March 31, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, DTE Electric's internal control over financial reporting.
Part II — Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
For information on legal proceedings and matters related to the Registrants, see Notes 5 and 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, "Regulatory Matters" and "Commitments and Contingencies," respectively.
For environmental proceedings in which the government is a party, the Registrants have included disclosures if any sanctions of $1 million or greater are expected.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There are various risks associated with the operations of the Registrants' businesses. To provide a framework to understand the operating environment of the Registrants, a brief explanation of the more significant risks associated with the Registrants' businesses is provided in Part 1, Item 1A. Risk Factors in DTE Energy's and DTE Electric's combined 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Although the Registrants have tried to identify and discuss key risk factors, others could emerge in the future.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
Purchases of DTE Energy Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
The following table provides information about DTE Energy's purchases of equity securities that are registered by DTE Energy pursuant to Section 12 of the Exchange Act of 1934 for the quarter ended March 31, 2023:
| Number of Shares Purchased**(a)** | Average Price Paid per Share**(a)** | Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs | Average Price Paid per Share | Maximum Dollar Value that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 01/01/2023 — 01/31/2023 | 24,819 | $ | 108.60 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 02/01/2023 — 02/28/2023 | 45 | $ | 118.48 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 03/01/2023 — 03/31/2023 | 1,661 | $ | 119.38 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 26,525 | — |
(a)Represents shares of DTE Energy common stock withheld to satisfy income tax obligations upon the vesting of restricted stock based on the price in effect at the grant date.
Item 6. Exhibits
| Exhibit Number | Description | DTE Energy | DTE Electric | |||||||||||||||||
| (i) Exhibits filed herewith: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 4.1 | Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 1, 2023, to the Mortgage and Deed of Trust dated as of October 1, 1924, between DTE Electric Company and The Bank of New York Mellon Trust Company, N.A., as trustee (2023 Series A and B) | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| 31.1 | Chief Executive Officer Section 302 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
| 31.2 | Chief Financial Officer Section 302 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
| 31.3 | Chief Executive Officer Section 302 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
| 31.4 | Chief Financial Officer Section 302 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
| 101.INS | XBRL Instance Document - The instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document. | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| 101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| 101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| 101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Database | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| 101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| 101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase | X | X | |||||||||||||||||
| (ii) Exhibits furnished herewith: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 32.1 | Chief Executive Officer Section 906 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
| 32.2 | Chief Financial Officer Section 906 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
| 32.3 | Chief Executive Officer Section 906 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
| 32.4 | Chief Financial Officer Section 906 Form 10-Q Certification of Periodic Report | X | ||||||||||||||||||
Signatures
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrants have duly caused this report to be signed on their behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. The signature for each undersigned Registrant shall be deemed to relate only to matters having reference to such Registrant and any subsidiaries thereof.
| Date: | April 27, 2023 | ||||||||||
| DTE ENERGY COMPANY | |||||||||||
| By: | /S/ TRACY J. MYRICK | ||||||||||
| Tracy J. Myrick Chief Accounting Officer | |||||||||||
| (Duly Authorized Officer) | |||||||||||
| DTE ELECTRIC COMPANY | |||||||||||
| By: | /S/ TRACY J. MYRICK | ||||||||||
| Tracy J. Myrick Chief Accounting Officer | |||||||||||
| (Duly Authorized Officer) |