Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
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Item 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
EQUIFAX INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||
| Operating revenue | $ | 1,544.9 | $ | 1,441.8 | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
| Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization below) | 663.2 | 645.2 | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 434.1 | 380.4 | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 183.3 | 169.1 | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 1,280.6 | 1,194.7 | ||||||||||||
| Operating income | 264.3 | 247.1 | ||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (52.2) | (56.3) | ||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 3.2 | 3.0 | ||||||||||||
| Consolidated income before income taxes | 215.3 | 193.8 | ||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | (53.8) | (51.1) | ||||||||||||
| Consolidated net income | 161.5 | 142.7 | ||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests including redeemable noncontrolling interests | (1.3) | (1.4) | ||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Equifax | $ | 160.2 | $ | 141.3 | ||||||||||
| Basic earnings per common share: | ||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Equifax | $ | 1.30 | $ | 1.14 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares used in computing basic earnings per share | 123.1 | 123.9 | ||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per common share: | ||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Equifax | $ | 1.29 | $ | 1.13 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares used in computing diluted earnings per share | 124.1 | 125.2 | ||||||||||||
| Dividends per common share | $ | 0.50 | $ | 0.39 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
EQUIFAX INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||
| Operating revenue | $ | 4,523.9 | $ | 4,261.7 | ||||||||||
| Operating expenses: | ||||||||||||||
| Cost of services (exclusive of depreciation and amortization below) | 1,984.4 | 1,903.7 | ||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 1,193.2 | 1,105.7 | ||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 535.3 | 498.3 | ||||||||||||
| Total operating expenses | 3,712.9 | 3,507.7 | ||||||||||||
| Operating income | 811.0 | 754.0 | ||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (158.2) | (173.4) | ||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 9.2 | 4.3 | ||||||||||||
| Consolidated income before income taxes | 662.0 | 584.9 | ||||||||||||
| Provision for income taxes | (174.1) | (151.0) | ||||||||||||
| Consolidated net income | 487.9 | 433.9 | ||||||||||||
| Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests including redeemable noncontrolling interests | (3.4) | (3.8) | ||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Equifax | $ | 484.5 | $ | 430.1 | ||||||||||
| Basic earnings per common share: | ||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Equifax | $ | 3.92 | $ | 3.48 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares used in computing basic earnings per share | 123.7 | 123.7 | ||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per common share: | ||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to Equifax | $ | 3.89 | $ | 3.44 | ||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares used in computing diluted earnings per share | 124.7 | 124.9 | ||||||||||||
| Dividends per common share | $ | 1.39 | $ | 1.17 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
EQUIFAX INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(Unaudited)
| Three Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equifax Shareholders | Noncontrolling Interests including Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | Total | Equifax Shareholders | Noncontrolling Interests including Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 160.2 | $ | 1.3 | $ | 161.5 | $ | 141.3 | $ | 1.4 | $ | 142.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | 8.5 | 5.7 | 14.2 | 79.2 | (0.4) | 78.8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income | $ | 168.7 | $ | 7.0 | $ | 175.7 | $ | 220.5 | $ | 1.0 | $ | 221.5 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Equifax Shareholders | Noncontrolling Interests including Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | Total | Equifax Shareholders | Noncontrolling Interests including Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 484.5 | $ | 3.4 | $ | 487.9 | $ | 430.1 | $ | 3.8 | $ | 433.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | 171.4 | 17.4 | 188.8 | (34.1) | (15.2) | (49.3) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in unrecognized prior service cost related to our pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Change in cumulative gain from cash flow hedging transactions, net | — | — | — | 0.1 | — | 0.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 655.9 | $ | 20.8 | $ | 676.7 | $ | 396.2 | $ | (11.4) | $ | 384.8 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
EQUIFAX INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
| (In millions, except par values) | September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | ||||||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 189.0 | $ | 169.9 | ||||||||||
| Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $19.3 and $16.9 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively | 1,015.0 | 957.6 | ||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses | 143.0 | 134.9 | ||||||||||||
| Other current assets | 116.1 | 98.2 | ||||||||||||
| Total current assets | 1,463.1 | 1,360.6 | ||||||||||||
| Property and equipment: | ||||||||||||||
| Capitalized internal-use software and system costs | 3,003.3 | 2,817.5 | ||||||||||||
| Data processing equipment and furniture | 244.7 | 229.6 | ||||||||||||
| Land, buildings and improvements | 290.1 | 285.0 | ||||||||||||
| Total property and equipment | 3,538.1 | 3,332.1 | ||||||||||||
| Less accumulated depreciation and amortization | (1,621.6) | (1,440.2) | ||||||||||||
| Total property and equipment, net | 1,916.5 | 1,891.9 | ||||||||||||
| Goodwill | 6,664.7 | 6,547.8 | ||||||||||||
| Indefinite-lived intangible assets | 94.7 | 94.7 | ||||||||||||
| Purchased intangible assets, net | 1,368.5 | 1,521.0 | ||||||||||||
| Other assets, net | 324.3 | 343.4 | ||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 11,831.8 | $ | 11,759.4 | ||||||||||
| LIABILITIES AND EQUITY | ||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||||
| Short-term debt and current maturities of long-term debt | $ | 759.3 | $ | 687.7 | ||||||||||
| Accounts payable | 156.2 | 138.2 | ||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses | 298.7 | 251.1 | ||||||||||||
| Accrued salaries and bonuses | 245.4 | 215.8 | ||||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | 110.5 | 115.5 | ||||||||||||
| Other current liabilities | 413.4 | 403.2 | ||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 1,983.5 | 1,811.5 | ||||||||||||
| Long-term debt | 4,053.8 | 4,322.8 | ||||||||||||
| Deferred income tax liabilities, net | 376.4 | 351.6 | ||||||||||||
| Long-term pension and other postretirement benefit liabilities | 104.4 | 106.7 | ||||||||||||
| Other long-term liabilities | 237.9 | 247.2 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | 6,756.0 | 6,839.8 | ||||||||||||
| Commitments and Contingencies (see Note 6) | ||||||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interests | 118.6 | 105.2 | ||||||||||||
| Equifax shareholders' equity: | ||||||||||||||
| Preferred stock, $0.01 par value: Authorized shares - 10.0; Issued shares - none | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Common stock, $1.25 par value: Authorized shares - 300.0; Issued shares - 189.3 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024; Outstanding shares - 122.6 and 124.0 at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively | 236.6 | 236.6 | ||||||||||||
| Paid-in capital | 2,003.2 | 1,915.2 | ||||||||||||
| Retained earnings | 6,330.3 | 6,018.6 | ||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (551.3) | (722.7) | ||||||||||||
| Treasury stock, at cost, 66.1 shares and 64.7 shares at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively | (3,074.4) | (2,644.9) | ||||||||||||
| Stock held by employee benefits trusts, at cost, 0.6 shares at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 | (5.9) | (5.9) | ||||||||||||
| Total Equifax shareholders’ equity | 4,938.5 | 4,796.9 | ||||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | 18.7 | 17.5 | ||||||||||||
| Total shareholders' equity | 4,957.2 | 4,814.4 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interests, and shareholders' equity | $ | 11,831.8 | $ | 11,759.4 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
EQUIFAX INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Operating activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Consolidated net income | $ | 487.9 | $ | 433.9 | ||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile consolidated net income to net cash provided by operating activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 540.8 | 506.9 | ||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | 63.9 | 71.9 | ||||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 29.6 | (45.2) | ||||||||||||
| Gain on sale of equity investment | (0.8) | — | ||||||||||||
| Changes in assets and liabilities, excluding effects of acquisitions: | ||||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | (45.6) | (47.8) | ||||||||||||
| Other assets, current and long-term | (10.3) | (13.3) | ||||||||||||
| Current and long term liabilities, excluding debt | 79.4 | 93.3 | ||||||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities | 1,144.9 | 999.7 | ||||||||||||
| Investing activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (351.4) | (392.6) | ||||||||||||
| Cash received from divestitures | 0.8 | — | ||||||||||||
| Cash used in investing activities | (350.6) | (392.6) | ||||||||||||
| Financing activities: | ||||||||||||||
| Net short-term payments | (204.1) | (195.9) | ||||||||||||
| Payments on long-term debt | — | (695.6) | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt | 1.7 | 649.8 | ||||||||||||
| Treasury stock purchases | (427.4) | — | ||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to Equifax shareholders | (172.0) | (144.8) | ||||||||||||
| Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests | (6.2) | (4.4) | ||||||||||||
| Proceeds from exercise of stock options and employee stock purchase plan | 38.1 | 67.5 | ||||||||||||
| Payment of taxes related to settlement of equity awards | (13.6) | (16.4) | ||||||||||||
| Debt issuance costs | — | (5.2) | ||||||||||||
| Cash used in financing activities | (783.5) | (345.0) | ||||||||||||
| Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents | 8.3 | (10.7) | ||||||||||||
| Increase in cash and cash equivalents | 19.1 | 251.4 | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 169.9 | 216.8 | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 189.0 | $ | 468.2 |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
EQUIFAX INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited)
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Equifax Shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Stock Held By Employee Benefits Trusts | Total Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares Outstanding | Amount | Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Noncontrolling Interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2025 | 123.8 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 1,975.3 | $ | 6,231.9 | $ | (559.8) | $ | (2,774.6) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 16.2 | $ | 5,119.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | 160.2 | — | — | — | 1.4 | 161.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | 8.5 | — | — | 1.1 | 9.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued under stock and benefit plans, net of minimum tax withholdings | — | — | 10.4 | — | — | 3.0 | — | — | 13.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Treasury stock purchased under share repurchase program, including brokerage commissions and excise taxes* | (1.2) | — | — | — | — | (302.8) | — | — | (302.8) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends ($0.50 per share) | — | — | — | (61.8) | — | — | — | — | (61.8) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to employee benefits trusts | — | — | 0.3 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | 17.2 | — | — | — | — | — | 17.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2025 | 122.6 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 2,003.2 | $ | 6,330.3 | $ | (551.3) | $ | (3,074.4) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 18.7 | $ | 4,957.2 |
- At September 30, 2025, approximately $2.6 billion was available for future purchases of common stock under our share repurchase authorization.
For the Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Equifax Shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Stock Held By Employee Benefits Trusts | Total Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares Outstanding | Amount | Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Noncontrolling Interests | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, June 30, 2024 | 123.7 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 1,856.8 | $ | 5,800.4 | $ | (544.3) | $ | (2,647.6) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 16.8 | $ | 4,712.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | 141.3 | — | — | — | 1.4 | 142.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | — | — | 79.2 | — | — | (0.1) | 79.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued under stock and benefit plans, net of minimum tax withholdings | 0.2 | — | 28.4 | — | — | 0.7 | — | — | 29.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends ($0.39 per share) | — | — | — | (48.5) | — | — | — | — | (48.5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to employee benefits trusts | — | — | 0.2 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | 11.7 | — | — | — | — | — | 11.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (1.0) | (1.0) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2024 | 123.9 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 1,897.1 | $ | 5,893.2 | $ | (465.1) | $ | (2,646.9) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 17.1 | $ | 4,926.1 |
EQUIFAX INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Unaudited)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025
| Equifax Shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Stock Held By Employee Benefits Trusts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares Outstanding | Amount | Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Noncontrolling Interests | Total Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2024 | 124.0 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 1,915.2 | $ | 6,018.6 | $ | (722.7) | $ | (2,644.9) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 17.5 | $ | 4,814.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | 484.5 | — | — | — | 3.7 | 488.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | — | — | — | — | 171.4 | — | — | 1.7 | 173.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued under stock and benefit plans, net of minimum tax withholdings | 0.3 | — | 23.3 | — | — | 1.4 | — | — | 24.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Treasury stock purchased under share repurchase program, including brokerage commissions and excise taxes* | (1.7) | — | — | — | — | (430.9) | — | — | (430.9) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends ($1.39 per share) | — | — | — | (172.8) | — | — | — | — | (172.8) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to employee benefits trusts | — | — | 0.8 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.8 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | 63.9 | — | — | — | — | 63.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (4.2) | (4.2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2025 | 122.6 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 2,003.2 | $ | 6,330.3 | $ | (551.3) | $ | (3,074.4) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 18.7 | $ | 4,957.2 |
- At September 30, 2025, approximately $2.6 billion was available for future purchases of common stock under our share repurchase authorization.
For the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
| Equifax Shareholders | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Stock Held By Employee Benefits Trusts | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Stock | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares Outstanding | Amount | Paid-In Capital | Retained Earnings | Treasury Stock | Noncontrolling Interests | Total Shareholders' Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions, except per share amounts) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2023 | 123.3 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 1,761.3 | $ | 5,608.6 | $ | (431.2) | $ | (2,635.3) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 18.3 | $ | 4,552.4 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | 430.1 | — | — | — | 3.6 | 433.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive loss | — | — | — | — | (33.9) | — | — | (0.4) | (34.3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shares issued under stock and benefit plans, net of minimum tax withholdings | 0.6 | — | 63.2 | — | — | (11.6) | — | — | 51.6 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash dividends ($1.17 per share) | — | — | — | (145.5) | — | — | — | — | (145.5) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to employee benefits trusts | — | — | 0.7 | — | — | — | — | — | 0.7 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation expense | — | — | 71.9 | — | — | — | — | — | 71.9 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | (4.4) | (4.4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2024 | 123.9 | $ | 236.6 | $ | 1,897.1 | $ | 5,893.2 | $ | (465.1) | $ | (2,646.9) | $ | (5.9) | $ | 17.1 | $ | 4,926.1 |
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss consists of the following components:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | $ | (547.0) | $ | (718.4) | ||||||||||
| Unrecognized prior service cost related to our pension and other postretirement benefit plans, net of accumulated tax of $1.1 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 | (3.5) | (3.5) | ||||||||||||
| Cash flow hedging transactions, net of tax of $0.5 million at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 | (0.8) | (0.8) | ||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (551.3) | $ | (722.7) |
See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
EQUIFAX INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
September 30, 2025
1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
As used herein, the terms Equifax, the Company, we, our and us refer to Equifax Inc., a Georgia corporation, and its consolidated subsidiaries as a combined entity, except where it is clear that the terms mean only Equifax Inc.
Nature of Operations. We collect, organize and manage various types of financial, demographic, employment, criminal justice data and marketing information. Our products and services enable businesses to make credit and service decisions, manage their portfolio risk, automate or outsource certain payroll-related, tax and human resources business processes and develop marketing strategies concerning consumers and commercial enterprises. We serve customers across a wide range of industries, including the financial services, mortgage, retail, telecommunications, utilities, automotive, brokerage, healthcare and insurance industries, as well as government agencies. We also enable consumers to manage and protect their financial health through a portfolio of products offered directly to consumers. As of September 30, 2025, we operated in the following countries: Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Honduras, India, Ireland, Mexico, New Zealand, Paraguay, Peru, Portugal, Spain, the United Kingdom ("U.K."), Uruguay and the United States of America ("U.S."). We also have investments in consumer and/or commercial credit information companies through joint ventures in Brazil, Cambodia, Malaysia and Singapore.
We develop, maintain and enhance secured proprietary information databases through the compilation of consumer specific data, including credit, income, employment, criminal justice, asset, liquidity, net worth and spending activity, and business data, including credit and business demographics, that we obtain from a variety of sources, such as credit granting institutions, payroll processors, and income and tax information primarily from large to mid-sized companies in the U.S. We process this information utilizing our proprietary information management systems. We also provide information, technology and services to support debt collections and recovery management.
Basis of Presentation. The unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the accompanying notes have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, the instructions to Form 10-Q and applicable sections of SEC Regulation S-X. This Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 (“2024 Form 10-K”).
Our unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements reflect all adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the periods presented and are of a normal recurring nature.
Earnings Per Share. Our basic earnings per share, or EPS, is calculated as net income attributable to Equifax divided by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted EPS is calculated to reflect the potential dilution that would occur if stock options or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised and resulted in additional common shares outstanding. The net income amounts used in both our basic and diluted EPS calculations are the same. A reconciliation of the weighted-average outstanding shares used in the two calculations is as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding (basic) | 123.1 | 123.9 | 123.7 | 123.7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stock options and restricted stock units | 1.0 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares outstanding (diluted) | 124.1 | 125.2 | 124.7 | 124.9 |
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, stock options that were anti-dilutive were not material.
Financial Instruments. Our financial instruments consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short and long-term debt. The carrying amounts of these items, other than long-term debt, approximate their fair market values due to the short-term nature of these instruments. The fair value of our fixed-rate debt is determined using Level 2 inputs such as quoted market prices for publicly traded instruments, and for non-publicly traded instruments, through valuation techniques depending on the specific characteristics of the debt instrument, taking into account credit risk. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the fair value of our long-term debt, including the current portion, based on observable inputs was $4.7 billion and $4.5 billion, respectively, compared to its carrying value of $4.8 billion for both periods.
Fair Value Measurements. Fair value is determined based on the assumptions marketplace participants use in pricing an asset or liability. We use a three level fair value hierarchy to prioritize the inputs used in valuation techniques between observable inputs that reflect quoted prices in active markets, inputs other than quoted prices with observable market data and unobservable data (e.g., a company’s own data).
Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis. We did not complete any acquisitions during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 or the year ended December 31, 2024.
Trade Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. Accounts receivable are stated at cost and are due in less than a year. Significant payment terms for customers are identified in the contract. We do not recognize interest income on our trade accounts receivable. Additionally, we generally do not require collateral from our customers related to our trade accounts receivable.
The allowance for doubtful accounts is based on management's estimate for expected credit losses for outstanding trade accounts receivables. We determine expected credit losses based on historical write-off experience, an analysis of the aging of outstanding receivables, customer payment patterns, the establishment of specific reserves for customers in an adverse financial condition and adjusted based upon our expectations of changes in macroeconomic conditions that may impact the collectability of outstanding receivables. We reassess the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts each reporting period. Increases to the allowance for doubtful accounts are recorded as bad debt expense, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Income. Below is a rollforward of our allowance for doubtful accounts for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts, beginning of period | $ | 18.8 | $ | 16.7 | $ | 16.9 | $ | 16.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Current period bad debt expense | 8.0 | 3.0 | 27.3 | 12.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Write-offs, net of recoveries | (7.5) | (2.6) | (24.9) | (11.6) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance for doubtful accounts, end of period | $ | 19.3 | $ | 17.1 | $ | 19.3 | $ | 17.1 |
Other Current Assets. Other current assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets primarily include amounts receivable from tax authorities and related to vendor rebates. Other current assets also include amounts in specifically designated accounts that hold the funds that are due to customers from our debt collection and recovery management services. As of September 30, 2025, these assets were $47.3 million, with a corresponding balance in other current liabilities. These amounts are restricted as to their current use and will be released according to the specific customer agreements.
Other Assets. Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets primarily represent our investments in unconsolidated affiliates, the Company’s operating lease right-of-use assets, employee benefit trust assets, assets related to life insurance policies covering certain officers of the Company and long-term deferred tax assets.
Other Current Liabilities. Other current liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of the current portion of our operating lease liabilities and various accrued liabilities such as interest expense, income taxes, accrued employee benefits, and insurance expense. Other current liabilities also include the offset to other current assets related to amounts in specifically designated accounts that hold the funds that are due to customers from our debt collection and recovery management services. As of September 30, 2025, these funds were $47.3 million. These amounts are restricted as to their current use and will be released according to the specific customer agreements.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest. As part of the merger consideration issued to complete the acquisition of BVS, we issued shares of one of our subsidiaries, thus resulting in a noncontrolling interest. We recognized the noncontrolling interest at fair value at the date of acquisition. These shares were issued with specific rights allowing the holders to sell the
shares back to Equifax, at fair value during specified future time periods starting at the fifth anniversary and only when certain conditions exist. Additionally, the shareholder agreements provide Equifax with the right to buy the shares back at fair value at future dates beginning after the tenth anniversary of the acquisition, however Equifax is not required to exercise this right at any point.
We determined that the noncontrolling interest shareholder rights meet the requirements to be considered redeemable.
Therefore, we have classified the noncontrolling interest outside of permanent equity within our Consolidated Balance Sheet. Currently, the noncontrolling interest is not redeemable but it is probable that it will become redeemable in the future.
The redeemable noncontrolling interest is reflected using the redemption method as of the balance sheet date. Redeemable noncontrolling interest adjustments to the redemption values are reflected in retained earnings. The adjustment of redemption value at the period end that reflects a redemption value to an amount other than fair value is included as an adjustment to net income attributable to Equifax stockholders for the purposes of the calculation of earnings per share. None of the current period adjustments reflect a redemption value in excess of fair value.
The Company's redeemable noncontrolling interests activities for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are summarized as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interests: | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interests, beginning of period | $ | 116.1 | $ | 120.8 | $ | 105.2 | $ | 135.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | (0.1) | — | (0.3) | 0.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends paid to redeemable noncontrolling interests | (2.0) | — | (2.0) | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Effect of foreign currency translation attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest | 4.6 | (0.3) | 15.7 | (14.8) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redeemable noncontrolling interests, end of period | $ | 118.6 | $ | 120.5 | $ | 118.6 | $ | 120.5 |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements. Intangibles—Goodwill and Other—Internal-Use Software. On September 18, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-06 which amends certain aspects of the accounting for and disclosure of software costs under ASC 350-40. The amendments in the ASU remove all references to prescriptive and sequential software development stages throughout Subtopic 350-40. Therefore, an entity is required to start capitalizing software costs when both of the following occur: (i) management has authorized and committed to funding the software project and (ii) it is probable that the project will be completed and the software will be used to perform the function intended (the “probable-to-complete recognition threshold”). In evaluating the probable-to-complete recognition threshold, an entity is required to consider whether there is significant uncertainty associated with the development activities of the software (“significant development uncertainty”). Significant development uncertainty exists if either of the following factors is present: (i) the software being developed has technological innovations or novel, unique, or unproven functions or features, and the uncertainty related to those technological innovations, functions, or features, if identified, has not been resolved through coding and testing or (ii) the entity has determined what it needs the software to do (for example, functions or features), including whether the entity has identified or continues to substantially revise the software’s significant performance requirements. The amendments in the ASU specify that the disclosures in Subtopic 360-10, Property, Plant, and Equipment—Overall, are required for all capitalized internal-use software costs, regardless of how those costs are presented in the financial statements. Additionally, the amendments clarify that the intangibles disclosures in paragraphs 350-30-50-1 through 50-3 are not required for capitalized internal-use software costs. The amendments in the ASU are effective for all entities for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2027, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reporting period. The amendments in the ASU permit an entity to apply the new guidance using any of the following transition approaches: (i) a prospective transition approach, (ii) modified transition approach that is based on the status of the project and whether software costs were capitalized before the date of adoption, or (iii) a retrospective transition approach. We are still evaluating the impact the adoption of the standard will have on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Financial Instruments — Credit Losses. On July 30, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-05, Measurement of Credit Losses for Accounts Receivable and Contract Assets. The ASU relates to estimating credit losses for current accounts receivable and current contract assets arising from revenue transactions accounted for under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, including those acquired in a transaction accounted for under ASC 805, Business Combinations. For all entities, the ASU provides a practical expedient to assume that current conditions as of the balance sheet date will persist through the reasonable and supportable forecast period for eligible assets. Entities will still be required to adjust historical data
used in the estimation to reflect current conditions. If elected, the practical expedient must be applied consistently to all eligible current accounts receivable and current contract assets. Entities will be required to disclose if they have elected the practical expedient. The new guidance will be effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2025 and is to be adopted on a prospective basis. Early adoption is permitted; if adopted in an interim reporting period, the entity must adopt the guidance as of the beginning of the annual reporting period that includes the interim period. We are still evaluating the impact, but do not expect the adoption of the standard to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Business Combinations and Consolidation. On May 12, 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-03, which revises the guidance in ASC 805 on identifying the accounting acquirer in a business combination in which the legal acquiree is a variable interest entity ("VIE"). The ASU is intended to improve comparability between business combinations that involve VIEs and those that do not. Under ASU 2025-03, a reporting entity involved in a business combination effected primarily by the exchange of equity interests must consider the factors in ASC 805-10-55-12 through 55-15 to determine which entity is the accounting acquirer regardless of whether the legal acquiree is a VIE. More specifically, when considering those factors, the reporting entity can determine that a transaction in which the legal acquiree is a VIE represents a reverse acquisition (in which the legal acquirer is identified as the acquiree for accounting purposes). As a result, comparability is increased with business combinations in which the legal acquiree is a VIE. ASU 2025-03 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The amendments in ASU 2025-03 must be applied prospectively to any business combination that occurs after the initial adoption date. We are still evaluating the impact, but do not expect the adoption of the standard to have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Income Statement — Reporting Comprehensive Income. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU No. 2024-03 "Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses." The update requires public business entities to disclose in a tabular format, on an annual and interim basis, purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization and depletion for each income statement line item that contains those expenses. Specified expenses, gains and losses that are already disclosed under existing U.S. GAAP are also required to be included in the disaggregated income statement expense line-item disclosures, and any remaining amounts need to be described qualitatively. Separate disclosures of total selling expenses and an entity’s definition of those expenses are also required annually. The ASU is effective for public entities for annual periods with fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027. Public entities are required to adopt the ASU prospectively. However, public entities are permitted to apply the amendments in the ASU retrospectively. We are still evaluating the impact on our financial statement disclosures.
Income Taxes. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09 "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures." The new ASU requires public business entities, on an annual basis, to provide a tabular rate reconciliation (using both percentages and reporting currency amounts) of (1) the reported income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations, to (2) the product of the income (or loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and the applicable statutory federal (national) income tax rate of the jurisdiction (country) of domicile using specific categories and separate disclosure for any reconciling items within certain categories that are equal to or greater than a specified quantitative threshold. A public business entity is required to provide an explanation, if not otherwise evident, of the individual reconciling items disclosed, such as the nature, effect, and underlying causes of the reconciling items and the judgment used in categorizing the reconciling items. For each annual period presented, the ASU requires all reporting entities to disclose the year-to-date amount of income taxes paid (net of refunds received) disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign. It also requires additional disaggregated information on income taxes paid (net of refunds received) to an individual jurisdiction equal to or greater than 5% of total income taxes paid (net of refunds received). The ASU requires that all reporting entities disclose income (or loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (or benefit) disaggregated between domestic and foreign, and income tax expense (or benefit) from continuing operations disaggregated by federal (national), state, and foreign. The ASU is effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. We are still evaluating the impact on our annual financial statement disclosures.
2. REVENUE
Revenue Recognition. Based on the information that management reviews internally for evaluating operating segment performance and nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows affected by economic factors, we disaggregate revenue as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Change | Nine Months Ended September 30, | Change | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated Operating Revenue | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | 2025 | 2024 | $ | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Verification Services | $ | 553.6 | $ | 524.9 | $ | 28.7 | 5 | % | $ | 1,622.9 | $ | 1,517.2 | $ | 105.7 | 7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Employer Services | 95.8 | 95.1 | 0.7 | 1 | % | 307.2 | 318.4 | (11.2) | (4) | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Workforce Solutions | 649.4 | 620.0 | 29.4 | 5 | % | 1,930.1 | 1,835.6 | 94.5 | 5 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Online Information Solutions | 467.5 | 419.1 | 48.4 | 12 | % | 1,373.5 | 1,255.5 | 118.0 | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial Marketing Services | 62.7 | 57.8 | 4.9 | 9 | % | 178.1 | 165.0 | 13.1 | 8 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total U.S. Information Solutions | 530.2 | 476.9 | 53.3 | 11 | % | 1,551.6 | 1,420.5 | 131.1 | 9 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Latin America | 102.1 | 96.7 | 5.4 | 6 | % | 295.8 | 285.1 | 10.7 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Europe | 102.3 | 94.9 | 7.4 | 8 | % | 288.0 | 269.3 | 18.7 | 7 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asia Pacific | 90.1 | 88.5 | 1.6 | 2 | % | 255.1 | 251.4 | 3.7 | 1 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canada | 70.8 | 64.8 | 6.0 | 9 | % | 203.3 | 199.8 | 3.5 | 2 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total International | 365.3 | 344.9 | 20.4 | 6 | % | 1,042.2 | 1,005.6 | 36.6 | 4 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total operating revenue | $ | 1,544.9 | $ | 1,441.8 | $ | 103.1 | 7 | % | $ | 4,523.9 | $ | 4,261.7 | $ | 262.2 | 6 | % | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Remaining Performance Obligation – We have elected to disclose only the remaining performance obligations for those contracts with an expected duration of greater than one year and do not disclose the value of remaining performance obligations for contracts in which we recognize revenue at the amount to which we have the right to invoice. We expect to recognize as revenue the following amounts related to our remaining performance obligations as of September 30, 2025, inclusive of foreign exchange impact:
| Performance Obligation | Amount | |||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||
| Less than 1 year | $ | 29.6 | ||||||
| 1 to 3 years | 27.6 | |||||||
| 3 to 5 years | 18.6 | |||||||
| Thereafter | 8.4 | |||||||
| Total remaining performance obligation | $ | 84.2 |
3. ACQUISITIONS AND INVESTMENTS
We did not complete any acquisitions during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
4. GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS
Goodwill. Goodwill represents the cost in excess of the fair value of the net assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis and on an interim basis if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. We perform our annual goodwill impairment test as of December 1 each year.
Changes in the amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 are as follows:
| Workforce Solutions | U.S. Information Solutions | International | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | 2,519.8 | $ | 2,006.2 | $ | 2,021.8 | $ | 6,547.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | 0.2 | — | 116.7 | 116.9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2025 | $ | 2,520.0 | $ | 2,006.2 | $ | 2,138.5 | $ | 6,664.7 |
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of indefinite-lived reacquired rights representing the value of rights which we had granted to various affiliate credit reporting agencies that were reacquired in the U.S. and Canada. At the time we acquired these agreements, they were considered perpetual in nature under the accounting guidance in place at that time and, therefore, the useful lives are considered indefinite. Indefinite-lived intangible assets are not amortized. We are required to test indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually and whenever events or circumstances indicate that there may be an impairment of the asset value. We perform our annual indefinite-lived intangible asset impairment test as of December 1 each year. Our indefinite-lived intangible asset carrying amounts did not change during the nine months ended September 30, 2025.
Purchased Intangible Assets. Purchased intangible assets represent the estimated acquisition date fair value of acquired intangible assets used in our business. Purchased data files represent the estimated fair value of consumer and commercial data files acquired through our acquisitions of various companies, including a fraud and identity solutions provider and independent credit reporting agencies in the U.S., Australia, Brazil, Canada and Dominican Republic. We expense the cost of modifying and updating credit files in the period such costs are incurred. We amortize all of our purchased intangible assets on a straight-line basis. For additional information about the useful lives related to our purchased intangible assets, see Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K.
Purchased intangible assets, net, recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 consisted of the following:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gross | Accumulated Amortization | Net | Gross | Accumulated Amortization | Net | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Definite-lived intangible assets: | (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Purchased data files | $ | 1,135.2 | $ | (742.7) | $ | 392.5 | $ | 1,111.9 | $ | (669.5) | $ | 442.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Customer relationships | 959.5 | (540.4) | 419.1 | 937.7 | (484.2) | 453.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Proprietary database | 699.9 | (265.3) | 434.6 | 704.9 | (227.6) | 477.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquired software and technology | 215.8 | (130.7) | 85.1 | 217.6 | (106.3) | 111.3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Trade names, non-compete agreements and other intangible assets | 50.9 | (13.7) | 37.2 | 49.7 | (13.2) | 36.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total definite-lived intangible assets | $ | 3,061.3 | $ | (1,692.8) | $ | 1,368.5 | $ | 3,021.8 | $ | (1,500.8) | $ | 1,521.0 |
Amortization expense related to purchased intangible assets was $62.7 million and $64.6 million during the three months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Amortization expense related to purchased intangible assets was $187.5 million and $197.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively.
Estimated future amortization expense related to definite-lived purchased intangible assets at September 30, 2025 is as follows:
| Years ending December 31, | Amount | |||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||
| 2025 | $ | 62.0 | ||||||
| 2026 | 237.3 | |||||||
| 2027 | 224.2 | |||||||
| 2028 | 163.4 | |||||||
| 2029 | 148.4 | |||||||
| Thereafter | 533.2 | |||||||
| $ | 1,368.5 |
5. DEBT
Debt outstanding at September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 was as follows:
| September 30, 2025 | December 31, 2024 | |||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Commercial paper ("CP") | $ | 81.5 | $ | 286.5 | ||||||||||
| Notes, 2.60%, due December 2025 | 400.0 | 400.0 | ||||||||||||
| Notes, 3.25%, due June 2026 | 275.0 | 275.0 | ||||||||||||
| Notes, 5.10%, due December 2027 | 750.0 | 750.0 | ||||||||||||
| Notes, 5.10%, due June 2028 | 700.0 | 700.0 | ||||||||||||
| Debentures, 6.90%, due July 2028 | 125.0 | 125.0 | ||||||||||||
| Notes, 4.80%, due September 2029 | 650.0 | 650.0 | ||||||||||||
| Notes, 3.10%, due May 2030 | 600.0 | 600.0 | ||||||||||||
| Notes, 2.35%, due September 2031 | 1,000.0 | 1,000.0 | ||||||||||||
| Notes, 7.00%, due July 2037 | 250.0 | 250.0 | ||||||||||||
| Other | 4.1 | 1.2 | ||||||||||||
| Total debt | 4,835.6 | 5,037.7 | ||||||||||||
| Less short-term debt and current maturities | (759.3) | (687.7) | ||||||||||||
| Less unamortized discounts and debt issuance costs | (22.5) | (27.2) | ||||||||||||
| Total long-term debt, net | $ | 4,053.8 | $ | 4,322.8 |
Senior Credit Facility. We have access to a $1.5 billion five year unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”), which matures in August 2028. Availability of the Revolver is reduced by the outstanding principal balance of our CP notes and by any letters of credit issued under the Revolver. As of September 30, 2025, there were $81.5 million of outstanding CP notes, $1.3 million of letters of credit outstanding, and no outstanding borrowings under the Revolver. Availability under the Revolver was $1.4 billion at September 30, 2025.
Commercial Paper Program. Our $1.5 billion CP program has been established through the private placement of CP notes from time-to-time, in which borrowings may bear interest at either a variable or a fixed rate, plus the applicable margin. Maturities of CP can range from overnight to 397 days. Because the CP program is backstopped by our Revolver, the amount of CP which may be issued under the program is reduced by the outstanding face amount of any letters of credit issued and by the outstanding borrowings under our Revolver. At September 30, 2025, there were $81.5 million of outstanding CP notes. We have disclosed the net short-term borrowing activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. There were no CP borrowings or payments with a maturity date greater than 90 days and less than 365 days for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024.
For additional information about our debt agreements, see Note 5 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K.
6. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Data Processing, Outsourcing Services and Other Agreements
We have separate agreements with Google and others to outsource portions of our network and security infrastructure, computer data processing operations, applications development, business continuity and recovery services, help desk service and desktop support functions, operation of our voice and data networks, maintenance and related functions and to provide certain other administrative and operational services. The agreements expire between 2025 and 2030. Annual payment obligations in regard to these agreements vary due to factors such as the volume of data processed; changes in our servicing needs as a result of new product offerings, acquisitions or divestitures; the introduction of significant new technologies; foreign currency; or the general rate of inflation. In certain circumstances (e.g., a change in control or for our convenience), we may terminate these data processing and outsourcing agreements, and, in doing so, certain of these agreements require us to pay significant termination fees.
Guarantees and General Indemnifications
We will from time to time issue standby letters of credit, performance or surety bonds or other guarantees in the normal course of business. The aggregate notional amount of all standby letters of credit, performance bonds and surety bonds is not material at September 30, 2025 and these instruments generally have a remaining maturity of one year or less. We may issue other guarantees in the ordinary course of business. The maximum potential future payments we could be required to make under the guarantees is not material at September 30, 2025. We have agreed to guarantee the liabilities and performance obligations (some of which have limitations) of a certain debt collections and recovery management subsidiary under its commercial agreements.
Many of our commercial agreements contain commercially standard indemnification obligations related to tort, material breach or other liabilities that arise during the course of performance under the agreement. These indemnification obligations are typically mutual.
We are the lessee under many real estate leases. It is common in these commercial lease transactions for us, as the lessee, to agree to indemnify the lessor and other related third parties for tort, environmental and other liabilities that arise out of or relate to our use or occupancy of the leased premises. This type of indemnity would typically make us responsible to indemnified parties for liabilities arising out of the conduct of, among others, contractors, licensees and invitees at or in connection with the use or occupancy of the leased premises. This indemnity often extends to related liabilities arising from the negligence of the indemnified parties, but usually excludes any liabilities caused by either their sole or gross negligence and their willful misconduct.
Certain of our credit agreements include provisions which require us to make payments to preserve an expected economic return to the lenders if that economic return is diminished due to certain changes in law or regulations. In certain of these credit agreements, we also bear the risk of certain changes in tax laws that would subject payments to non-U.S. lenders to withholding taxes.
In conjunction with certain transactions, such as sales or purchases of operating assets or services in the ordinary course of business, or the disposition of certain assets or businesses, we sometimes provide routine indemnifications, the terms of which range in duration and sometimes are not limited.
The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with its directors and executive officers. Under these agreements, the Company has agreed to indemnify such individuals to the fullest extent permitted by law against liabilities that arise by reason of their status as directors or officers and to advance expenses incurred by such individuals in connection with the related legal proceedings. The Company maintains directors and officers liability insurance coverage to reduce its exposure to such obligations.
We cannot reasonably estimate our potential future payments under the guarantees and indemnities and related provisions described above because we cannot predict when and under what circumstances these provisions may be triggered.
Contingencies
We are involved in legal and regulatory matters, government investigations, claims and litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. We periodically assess our exposure related to these matters based on the information which is available. We have recorded accruals in our Consolidated Financial Statements for those matters in which it is probable that we have incurred a loss and the amount of the loss, or range of loss, can be reasonably estimated. For certain of these matters, it is reasonably possible that we will incur losses, however it is not possible at this time to estimate the amount of loss or range of possible losses that might result from their resolution. The Company will continue to evaluate information as it becomes known and will record an estimate for losses at the time when it is both probable that a loss has been incurred and the amount of the loss is reasonably estimable.
For additional information about these and other commitments and contingencies, see Note 6 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K.
7. INCOME TAXES
Effective Tax Rate
Our effective income tax rate was 25.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2025 compared to 26.4% for the three months ended September 30, 2024. Our effective income tax rate was 26.3% for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 compared to 25.8% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024. Our effective tax rate was lower for the three months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024, which was primarily attributable to more favorable discrete benefits in the current period, which primarily consisted of a more favorable change in prior-year estimated R&D credit, offset by a less favorable discrete item for equity compensation. Our effective tax rate was higher for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 as compared to the same period in 2024 primarily due to a lower estimated R&D credit and less favorable discrete tax benefits in the current period.
8. ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss by component, after tax, for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 are as follows:
| Foreign currency translation adjustment | Pension and other postretirement benefit plans | Cash flow hedging transactions | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, December 31, 2024 | $ | (718.4) | $ | (3.5) | $ | (0.8) | $ | (722.7) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income | 171.4 | — | — | 171.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance, September 30, 2025 | $ | (547.0) | $ | (3.5) | $ | (0.8) | $ | (551.3) |
The change in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to noncontrolling interests including redeemable noncontrolling interests was an increase of $17.4 million and a decrease of $15.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, related to foreign currency translation adjustments.
9. RESTRUCTURING CHARGES
Restructuring costs consist of severance costs, contract termination and associated costs and other exit and disposal costs. Severance costs relate to a reduction in headcount, contract termination costs primarily relate to penalties for early termination of contracts and associated costs of transition and other exit and disposal costs primarily relate to real estate exit costs.
During the third quarter and first nine months of 2025, we recorded $43.9 million and $49.9 million of restructuring charges, respectively, all of which were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses within our Consolidated Statements of Income. These charges were recorded to general corporate expense and resulted from our continuing efforts to realign our internal resources to support the Company’s global strategic objectives and primarily relate to reductions in headcount. Additionally, the charge for the first nine months includes contract terminations and associated costs, which resulted from our efforts to complete our cloud technology transformation.
In the third quarter and first nine months of 2024, we recorded $41.6 million of restructuring charges for the realignment of resources and other costs, all of which were recorded in selling, general and administrative expenses within our Consolidated Statements of Income. These charges were recorded to general corporate expense and predominantly related to our ongoing efforts toward completion of our technology transformation in order to support the Company's strategic objectives.
The changes during the nine months ended September 30, 2025 in the liabilities associated with the restructuring charges recorded during 2024 and 2025, including expenses incurred and cash payments, are as follows:
| Liability balance as of 12/31/2024 | Expenses Incurred | Cash Payments | Liability balance as of 9/30/2025 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Restructuring charges: | (In millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Severance costs | $ | 15.6 | $ | 42.8 | $ | (13.1) | $ | 45.3 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Contract terminations and other associated costs | 2.0 | 7.1 | (8.5) | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 17.6 | $ | 49.9 | $ | (21.6) | $ | 45.9 |
10. SEGMENT INFORMATION
Reportable Segments. We manage our business and report our financial results through the following three reportable segments, which are the same as our operating segments:
–Workforce Solutions
–U.S. Information Solutions (“USIS”)
–International
The accounting policies of the reportable segments are the same as those described in our summary of significant accounting policies in Note 1 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2024 Form 10-K. We evaluate the performance of these reportable segments based on their operating revenue, operating income and operating margins, excluding any unusual or infrequent items, if any. The measurement criteria for segment profit or loss and segment assets are substantially the same for each reportable segment. Inter-segment sales, expenses and transfers are not material for all periods presented.
A summary of segment products and services is as follows:
Workforce Solutions. This segment provides services enabling customers to verify income, employment, educational history, criminal justice data, healthcare professional licensure and sanctions of people in the U.S., as well as providing our employer customers with services that assist them in complying with and automating certain payroll-related and human resource management processes throughout the entire cycle of the employment relationship, including unemployment cost management, employee screening, employee onboarding, tax credits and incentives, I-9 management and compliance, immigration case management, tax form management services and Affordable Care Act management services.
U.S. Information Solutions. This segment includes consumer and commercial information services (such as credit information and credit scoring, credit modeling services and portfolio analytics, locate services, fraud detection and prevention services, identity verification services and other consulting services); mortgage services; financial marketing services; identity management; and credit monitoring products sold to resellers or directly to consumers.
International. We operate in the following regions: Latin America, Europe, Asia Pacific and Canada. The International segment includes information services products, which includes consumer and commercial services (such as credit and financial information, credit scoring and credit modeling services), credit and other marketing products and services. In Asia Pacific, Europe and Latin America, we also provide information, technology and services to support debt collections and recovery management. In Europe and Canada, we also provide credit monitoring products to resellers or directly to consumers.
Segment information for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Workforce Solutions | U.S. Information Solutions | International | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenue | $ | 649.4 | $ | 530.2 | $ | 365.3 | $ | 1,544.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less: (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | 237.9 | 239.8 | 157.4 | 635.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 79.8 | 104.3 | 102.1 | 286.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expenses | 47.2 | 62.8 | 48.1 | 158.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | $ | 284.5 | $ | 123.3 | $ | 57.7 | $ | 465.5 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of segment operating income to consolidated income before income taxes: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unallocated amounts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General corporate expense (2) | $ | (201.2) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 3.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense (3) | (52.2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated income before income taxes | $ | 215.3 |
| Three Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Workforce Solutions | U.S. Information Solutions | International | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenue | $ | 620.0 | $ | 476.9 | $ | 344.9 | $ | 1,441.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less: (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | 227.4 | 221.3 | 163.3 | 612.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 80.1 | 96.5 | 89.9 | 266.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expenses | 44.9 | 61.0 | 43.6 | 149.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | $ | 267.6 | $ | 98.1 | $ | 48.1 | $ | 413.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of segment operating income to consolidated income before income taxes: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unallocated amounts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General corporate expense (2) | $ | (166.7) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 3.0 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense (3) | (56.3) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated income before income taxes | $ | 193.8 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2025 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Workforce Solutions | U.S. Information Solutions | International | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenue | $ | 1,930.1 | $ | 1,551.6 | $ | 1,042.2 | $ | 4,523.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less: (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | 703.6 | 706.6 | 481.4 | 1,891.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 234.0 | 309.3 | 301.2 | 844.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expenses | 136.5 | 188.8 | 137.9 | 463.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | $ | 856.0 | $ | 346.9 | $ | 121.7 | $ | 1,324.6 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of segment operating income to consolidated income before income taxes: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unallocated amounts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General corporate expense (2) | $ | (513.6) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 9.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense (3) | (158.2) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated income before income taxes | $ | 662.0 |
| Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Workforce Solutions | U.S. Information Solutions | International | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| (In millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Revenue | $ | 1,835.6 | $ | 1,420.5 | $ | 1,005.6 | $ | 4,261.7 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less: (1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of services | 665.7 | 657.7 | 480.0 | 1,803.4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Selling, general and administrative expenses | 240.9 | 298.9 | 273.8 | 813.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization expenses | 133.6 | 174.6 | 131.4 | 439.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Operating Income | $ | 795.4 | $ | 289.3 | $ | 120.4 | $ | 1,205.1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of segment operating income to consolidated income before income taxes: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Unallocated amounts: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General corporate expense (2) | $ | (451.1) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income, net | 4.3 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense (3) | (173.4) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consolidated income before income taxes | $ | 584.9 |
(1)The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM").
(2)General corporate expenses include corporate depreciation and amortization expenses that are not related to a specific business unit and are incurred at the corporate level, as well as unallocated costs incurred at the corporate level and those expenses impacted by the overall management and strategic choices of the company, including shared services overhead, technology, security, data and analytics, administrative, legal, restructuring charges to the extent reported in the period, and the portion of management incentive compensation determined by total company-wide performance.
(3)Interest expense includes interest incurred on our outstanding debt agreements.
| September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||
| Total assets: | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Workforce Solutions | $ | 4,034.2 | $ | 4,104.9 | ||||||||||
| U.S. Information Solutions | 3,357.5 | 3,386.2 | ||||||||||||
| International | 3,618.8 | 3,451.6 | ||||||||||||
| General Corporate | 821.3 | 816.7 | ||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 11,831.8 | $ | 11,759.4 |
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures: | 2025 | 2024 | 2025 | 2024 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| (in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Workforce Solutions | $ | 25.7 | $ | 24.3 | $ | 71.9 | $ | 72.8 | ||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Information Solutions | 25.5 | 40.5 | 76.9 | 130.0 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| International | 35.8 | 33.5 | 97.4 | 95.5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| General Corporate | 38.8 | 24.9 | 102.9 | 80.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total capital expenditures* | $ | 125.8 | $ | 123.2 | $ | 349.1 | $ | 378.9 | ||||||||||||||||||
*Amounts above include accruals for capital expenditures.
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