Item 2. Properties

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Item 2. Properties

The Company’s portfolio as of December 31, 2022 (including communities owned by unconsolidated joint ventures, but excluding communities underlying preferred equity investments) was comprised of 252 stabilized operating apartment communities (comprising 62,147 apartment homes), of which 26,374 apartment homes are located in Southern California, 23,248 apartment homes are located in Northern California, and 12,525 apartment homes are located in the Seattle metropolitan area. The Company’s apartment communities accounted for 99.0% of the Company’s revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Occupancy Rates

Financial occupancy is defined as the percentage resulting from dividing actual rental income by total scheduled rental income. Total scheduled rental income represents the value of all apartment homes, with occupied apartment homes valued at contractual rental rates pursuant to leases and vacant apartment homes valued at estimated market rents. When calculating actual rents for occupied apartment homes and market rents for vacant apartment homes, delinquencies and concessions are not taken into account. The Company believes that financial occupancy is a meaningful measure of occupancy because it considers the value of each vacant unit at its estimated market rate. Financial occupancy may not completely reflect short-term trends in physical occupancy and financial occupancy rates, and the Company's calculation of financial occupancy may not be comparable to financial occupancy as disclosed by other REITs. Market rates are determined using the recently signed effective rates on new leases at the property and are used as the starting point in the determination of the market rates of vacant apartment homes. The Company may increase or decrease these rates based on a variety of factors, including overall supply and demand for housing, concentration of new apartment deliveries within the same submarket which can cause periodic disruption due to greater rental concessions to increase leasing velocity, and rental affordability.

For communities that are development properties in lease-up without stabilized occupancy figures, the Company believes the physical occupancy rate is the appropriate performance metric. While a community is in the lease-up phase, the Company’s primary motivation is to stabilize the property, which may entail the use of rent concessions and other incentives, and thus financial occupancy which is based on contractual income is not considered the best metric to quantify occupancy.

Communities

The Company’s communities are primarily urban and suburban high density wood frame communities comprising of three to seven stories above grade construction with structured parking situated on 1-10 acres of land with densities averaging between 30-80+ units per acre. As of December 31, 2022, the Company’s communities include 104 garden-style, 138 mid-rise, and 10 high-rise communities. Garden-style communities are generally defined as on-grade properties with two and/or three-story buildings with no structured parking while mid-rise communities are generally defined as properties with three to seven story buildings and some structured parking. High-rise communities are typically defined as properties with buildings that are greater than seven stories, are steel or concrete framed, and frequently have structured parking. The communities have an average of approximately 247 apartment homes, with a mix of studio, one-, two- and some three-bedroom apartment homes. A wide variety of amenities are available at the Company’s communities, including covered parking, fireplaces, swimming pools, clubhouses with fitness facilities, playground areas and dog parks.

The Company hires, trains and supervises on-site service and maintenance personnel. The Company believes that the following primary factors enhance the Company’s ability to retain tenants:

  • located near employment centers;

  • attractive communities that are well maintained; and

  • proactive customer service.

Commercial Buildings

The Company owns three commercial buildings with approximately 283,000 square feet located in California and Washington, of which the Company occupied approximately 13,000 square feet as of December 31, 2022. Furthermore, as of December 31, 2022, the commercial buildings' physical occupancy rate was 83% consisting of 7 tenants, including the Company.

Operating Portfolio

The table below describes the Company’s operating portfolio as of December 31, 2022. (See Note 8, "Mortgage Notes Payable" to the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in Part IV, Item 15 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K for more

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information about the Company’s secured mortgage debt and Schedule III thereto for a list of secured mortgage loans related to the Company’s portfolio.)

ApartmentYearYear
Communities (1)LocationTypeHomesBuiltAcquired (20)Occupancy**(2)**
Southern California
Alpine VillageAlpine, CAGarden3011971200296%
Barkley, The (3)(4)Anaheim, CAGarden1611984200097%
Park ViridianAnaheim, CAMid-rise3202008201496%
Bonita CedarsBonita, CAGarden1201983200297%
The Village at Toluca LakeBurbank, CAMid-rise1451974201797%
Camarillo OaksCamarillo, CAGarden5641985199696%
Camino Ruiz SquareCamarillo, CAGarden1591990200698%
Pinnacle at Otay Ranch I & IIChula Vista, CAMid-rise3642001201497%
Mesa VillageClairemont, CAGarden1331963200296%
Villa SienaCosta Mesa, CAGarden2721974201496%
Emerald PointeDiamond Bar, CAGarden1601989201497%
Regency at EncinoEncino, CAMid-rise751989200998%
The Havens (5)Fountain Valley, CAGarden4401969201496%
Valley ParkFountain Valley, CAGarden1601969200197%
Capri at Sunny Hills (4)Fullerton, CAGarden1021961200195%
Haver Hill (6)Fullerton, CAGarden2641973201296%
Pinnacle at FullertonFullerton, CAMid-rise1922004201497%
Wilshire PromenadeFullerton, CAMid-rise1491992199797%
Montejo ApartmentsGarden Grove, CAGarden1241974200197%
The Henley IGlendale, CAMid-rise831974199996%
The Henley IIGlendale, CAMid-rise1321970199996%
CBC and The SweepsGoleta, CAGarden2391962200699%
Huntington BreakersHuntington Beach, CAMid-rise3421984199797%
The HuntingtonHuntington Beach, CAGarden2761975201297%
Hillsborough Park (7)La Habra, CAGarden2351999199997%
Village GreenLa Habra, CAGarden2721971201496%
The Palms at Laguna NiguelLaguna Niguel, CAGarden4601988201496%
Trabuco VillasLake Forest, CAMid-rise1321985199798%
MarbrisaLong Beach, CAMid-rise2021987200296%
Pathways at Bixby VillageLong Beach, CAGarden2961975199196%
5600 WilshireLos Angeles, CAMid-rise2842008201497%
AlessioLos Angeles, CAMid-rise6242001201496%
Ashton Sherman VillageLos Angeles, CAMid-rise2642014201697%
AvantLos Angeles, CAMid-rise4402014201595%
The AveryLos Angeles, CAMid-rise1212014201496%
BelleriveLos Angeles, CAMid-rise632011201197%
Belmont StationLos Angeles, CAMid-rise2752009200996%
Bunker HillLos Angeles, CAHigh-rise4561968199895%
Catalina GardensLos Angeles, CAMid-rise1281987201495%
Cochran ApartmentsLos Angeles, CAMid-rise581989199896%
Emerson Valley VillageLos Angeles, CAMid-rise1442012201697%
Gas Company Lofts (6)Los Angeles, CAHigh-rise2512004201396%
The Blake LALos Angeles, CAMid-rise1961979199797%
MarbellaLos Angeles, CAMid-rise601991200596%

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ApartmentYearYear
Communities (1)LocationTypeHomesBuiltAcquired (20)Occupancy**(2)**
Pacific Electric Lofts (8)Los Angeles, CAHigh-rise3142006201295%
Park CatalinaLos Angeles, CAMid-rise902002201296%
Park PlaceLos Angeles, CAMid-rise601988199796%
Regency Palm CourtLos Angeles, CAMid-rise1161987201489%
Santee CourtLos Angeles, CAHigh-rise1652004201095%
Santee VillageLos Angeles, CAHigh-rise732011201195%
Tiffany CourtLos Angeles, CAMid-rise1011987201497%
Wallace on SunsetLos Angeles, CAMid-rise2002021202195%
Wilshire La BreaLos Angeles, CAMid-rise4782014201496%
Windsor CourtLos Angeles, CAMid-rise951987201493%
Windsor CourtLos Angeles, CAMid-rise581988199796%
Aqua at Marina Del ReyMarina Del Rey, CAMid-rise5002001201497%
Marina City Club (9)Marina Del Rey, CAMid-rise1011971200499%
MirabellaMarina Del Rey, CAMid-rise1882000200096%
Mira MonteMira Mesa, CAGarden3541982200297%
Hillcrest ParkNewbury Park, CAGarden6081973199895%
Fairway Apartments at Big Canyon (10)Newport Beach, CAMid-rise741972199993%
MuseNorth Hollywood, CAMid-rise1522011201196%
Country VillasOceanside, CAGarden1801976200297%
Mission HillsOceanside, CAGarden2821984200596%
Renaissance at Uptown OrangeOrange, CAMid-rise4602007201496%
Mariner's PlaceOxnard, CAGarden1051987200097%
Monterey VillasOxnard, CAGarden1221974199795%
Tierra VistaOxnard, CAMid-rise4042001200196%
Arbors at Parc Rose (8)Oxnard, CAMid-rise3732001201196%
The HalliePasadena, CAMid-rise2921972199797%
The StuartPasadena, CAMid-rise1882007201497%
Villa AngelinaPlacentia, CAGarden2561970200197%
Fountain ParkPlaya Vista, CAMid-rise7052002200496%
Highridge (4)Rancho Palos Verdes, CAMid-rise2551972199796%
CortesiaRancho Santa Margarita, CAGarden3081999201496%
Pinnacle at TalegaSan Clemente, CAMid-rise3622002201496%
Allure at Scripps RanchSan Diego, CAMid-rise1942002201497%
Bernardo CrestSan Diego, CAGarden2161988201497%
Cambridge ParkSan Diego, CAMid-rise3201998201496%
Carmel CreekSan Diego, CAGarden3482000201496%
Carmel LandingSan Diego, CAGarden3561989201495%
Carmel SummitSan Diego, CAMid-rise2461989201497%
CentrePointeSan Diego, CAGarden2241974199795%
Esplanade (5)San Diego, CAGarden6161986201496%
Form 15San Diego, CAMid-rise2422014201697%
MontanosaSan Diego, CAGarden4721990201497%
Summit ParkSan Diego, CAGarden3001972200297%
Essex Skyline (11)Santa Ana, CAHigh-rise3502008201094%
Fairhaven Apartments (4)Santa Ana, CAGarden1641970200197%
Parkside Court (5)Santa Ana, CAMid-rise2101986201497%

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ApartmentYearYear
Communities (1)LocationTypeHomesBuiltAcquired (20)Occupancy**(2)**
Pinnacle at MacArthur PlaceSanta Ana, CAMid-rise2532002201496%
Hope RanchSanta Barbara, CAGarden1081965200797%
Bridgeport Coast (12)Santa Clarita, CAMid-rise1882006201496%
Meadowood (7)Simi Valley, CAGarden3201986199695%
Shadow PointSpring Valley, CAGarden1721983200296%
The Fairways at Westridge (12)Valencia, CAMid-rise2342004201497%
The Vistas of West Hills (12)Valencia, CAMid-rise2202009201497%
AllegroValley Village, CAMid-rise972010201097%
Lofts at Pinehurst, TheVentura, CAGarden1181971199796%
Pinehurst (13)Ventura, CAGarden281973200499%
Woodside VillageVentura, CAGarden1451987200497%
Passage Buena Vista (14)Vista, CAGarden1792020202196%
Walnut HeightsWalnut, CAGarden1631964200397%
The DylanWest Hollywood, CAMid-rise1842014201495%
The HuxleyWest Hollywood, CAMid-rise1872014201496%
RevealWoodland Hills, CAMid-rise4382010201196%
Avondale at Warner CenterWoodland Hills, CAMid-rise4461970199996%
Vela (16)Woodland Hills, CAMid-rise3792018202295%
26,37496%
Northern California
Belmont TerraceBelmont, CAMid-rise711974200696%
Fourth & UBerkeley, CAMid-rise1712010201094%
The CommonsCampbell, CAGarden2641973201097%
Pointe at CupertinoCupertino, CAGarden1161963199897%
Connolly StationDublin, CAMid-rise3092014201496%
Avenue 64Emeryville, CAMid-rise2242007201495%
The Courtyards at 65th Street (15)Emeryville, CAMid-rise3312004201994%
EmmeEmeryville, CAMid-rise1902015201594%
Foster's LandingFoster City, CAGarden4901987201496%
Stevenson PlaceFremont, CAGarden2001975200095%
Mission PeaksFremont, CAMid-rise4531995201496%
Mission Peaks IIFremont, CAGarden3361989201497%
Paragon ApartmentsFremont, CAMid-rise3012013201496%
BoulevardFremont, CAGarden1721978199697%
Briarwood (8)Fremont, CAGarden1601978201197%
The Woods (8)Fremont, CAGarden1601978201196%
The Rexford (16)Fremont, CAGarden2031973202196%
City Centre (12)Hayward, CAMid-rise1922000201497%
City ViewHayward, CAGarden5721975199897%
Lafayette HighlandsLafayette, CAGarden1501973201495%
777 Hamilton (17)Menlo Park, CAMid-rise1952017201995%
ApexMilpitas, CAMid-rise3672014201496%
Regency at Mountain View (6)Mountain View, CAMid-rise1421970201396%
Bridgeport (7)Newark, CAGarden1841987198797%
The Landing at Jack London SquareOakland, CAMid-rise2822001201496%
The GrandOakland, CAHigh-rise2432009200995%
The GallowayPleasanton, CAMid-rise5062016201696%

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ApartmentYearYear
Communities (1)LocationTypeHomesBuiltAcquired (20)Occupancy**(2)**
RadiusRedwood City, CAMid-rise2642015201595%
TownshipRedwood City, CAMid-rise1322014201995%
San MarcosRichmond, CAMid-rise4322003200396%
500 Folsom (14)San Francisco, CAHigh-rise5372021202195%
Bennett LoftsSan Francisco, CAMid-rise1642004201282%
Fox PlazaSan Francisco, CAHigh-rise4451968201396%
MB 360San Francisco, CAMid-rise3602014201496%
Park WestSan Francisco, CAMid-rise1261958201295%
101 San FernandoSan Jose, CAMid-rise3232001201096%
360 Residences (15)San Jose, CAMid-rise2132010201794%
Bella VillagioSan Jose, CAMid-rise2312004201096%
Century Towers (14)San Jose, CAHigh-rise3762017201796%
EnsoSan Jose, CAMid-rise1832014201597%
EpicSan Jose, CAMid-rise7692013201396%
EsplanadeSan Jose, CAMid-rise2782002200497%
Fountains at River OaksSan Jose, CAMid-rise2261990201497%
MarquisSan Jose, CAMid-rise1662015201696%
Meridian at Midtown (15)San Jose, CAMid-rise2182015201895%
MioSan Jose, CAMid-rise1032015201697%
Palm ValleySan Jose, CAMid-rise1,1002008201496%
Patina at Midtown (14)San Jose, CAMid-rise2692021202195%
Sage at Cupertino (4)San Jose, CAGarden2301971201795%
Silver (14)San Jose, CAMid-rise2682019202194%
The Carlyle (7)San Jose, CAGarden1322000200096%
The WaterfordSan Jose, CAMid-rise2382000200096%
Willow LakeSan Jose, CAMid-rise5081989201297%
Lakeshore LandingSan Mateo, CAMid-rise3081988201496%
Hillsdale Garden (14)San Mateo, CAGarden6971948200696%
Station Park GreenSan Mateo, CAMid-rise5992018201895%
Deer ValleySan Rafael, CAGarden1711996201497%
Bel AirSan Ramon, CAGarden4621988199596%
Canyon OaksSan Ramon, CAMid-rise2502005200796%
Crow CanyonSan Ramon, CAMid-rise4001992201497%
Foothill GardensSan Ramon, CAGarden1321985199796%
Mill Creek at WindermereSan Ramon, CAMid-rise4002005200796%
Twin CreeksSan Ramon, CAGarden441985199796%
1000 KielySanta Clara, CAGarden1211971201197%
Le ParcSanta Clara, CAGarden1401975199497%
Marina Cove (18)Santa Clara, CAGarden2921974199496%
MyloSanta Clara, CAMid-rise4762021202195%
Riley Square (8)Santa Clara, CAGarden1561972201297%
Villa GranadaSanta Clara, CAMid-rise2702010201496%
Chestnut Street ApartmentsSanta Cruz, CAGarden962002200898%
Bristol CommonsSunnyvale, CAGarden1881989199596%
Brookside Oaks (4)Sunnyvale, CAGarden1701973200098%
Lawrence StationSunnyvale, CAMid-rise3362012201496%
Magnolia Lane (19)Sunnyvale, CAGarden322001200796%

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ApartmentYearYear
Communities (1)LocationTypeHomesBuiltAcquired (20)Occupancy**(2)**
Magnolia Square (4)Sunnyvale, CAGarden1561963200796%
MontclaireSunnyvale, CAMid-rise3901973198897%
Reed SquareSunnyvale, CAGarden1001970201197%
SolsticeSunnyvale, CAMid-rise2802014201496%
Summerhill ParkSunnyvale, CAGarden1001988198898%
ViaSunnyvale, CAMid-rise2842011201196%
Windsor RidgeSunnyvale, CAMid-rise2161989198997%
Vista BelvedereTiburon, CAMid-rise761963200496%
Verandas (12)Union City, CAMid-rise2821989201497%
AgoraWalnut Creek, CAMid-rise492016201697%
Brio (4)Walnut Creek, CAMid-rise3002015201996%
23,24896%
Seattle, Washington Metropolitan Area
BelcarraBellevue, WAMid-rise2962009201496%
BellCentreBellevue, WAMid-rise2492001201496%
Cedar TerraceBellevue, WAGarden1801984200596%
Courtyard off MainBellevue, WAMid-rise1102000201095%
EllingtonBellevue, WAMid-rise2201994201494%
Emerald RidgeBellevue, WAGarden1801987199497%
Foothill CommonsBellevue, WAMid-rise3941978199096%
Palisades, TheBellevue, WAGarden1921977199097%
Park HighlandBellevue, WAMid-rise2501993201496%
PiedmontBellevue, WAGarden3961969201496%
Sammamish ViewBellevue, WAGarden1531986199497%
Woodland CommonsBellevue, WAGarden3021978199096%
Bothell Ridge (5)Bothell, WAGarden2141988201496%
Canyon PointeBothell, WAGarden2501990200397%
Inglenook CourtBothell, WAGarden2241985199496%
Pinnacle SonataBothell, WAMid-rise2682000201496%
Salmon Run at Perry CreekBothell, WAGarden1322000200097%
Stonehedge VillageBothell, WAGarden1961986199798%
Highlands at WynhavenIssaquah, WAMid-rise3332000200896%
Park Hill at IssaquahIssaquah, WAGarden2451999199997%
Wandering CreekKent, WAGarden1561986199597%
AscentKirkland, WAGarden901988201296%
Bridle TrailsKirkland, WAGarden1081986199797%
Corbella at Juanita BayKirkland, WAGarden1691978201097%
Evergreen HeightsKirkland, WAGarden2001990199797%
Slater 116Kirkland, WAMid-rise1082013201396%
MontebelloKirkland, WAGarden2481996201297%
Martha Lake Apartments (16)Lynwood, WAMid-rise1551991202197%
Aviara (19)Mercer Island, WAMid-rise1662013201496%
Laurels at Mill CreekMill Creek, WAGarden1641981199698%
Monterra in Mill Creek (16)Mill Creek, WAGarden1392003202197%
Parkwood at Mill CreekMill Creek, WAGarden2401989201497%
The Elliot at Mukilteo (4)Mukilteo, WAGarden3011981199796%
Castle CreekNewcastle, WAGarden2161998199898%

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ApartmentYearYear
Communities (1)LocationTypeHomesBuiltAcquired (20)Occupancy**(2)**
ElevationRedmond, WAGarden1581986201096%
Pure RedmondRedmond, WAMid-rise1052016201996%
Redmond Hill (8)Redmond, WAGarden4421985201196%
ShadowbrookRedmond, WAGarden4181986201495%
The Trails of RedmondRedmond, WAGarden4231985201495%
Vesta (8)Redmond, WAGarden4401998201196%
Brighton RidgeRenton, WAGarden2641986199696%
Fairwood PondRenton, WAGarden1941997200498%
Forest ViewRenton, WAGarden1921998200397%
Pinnacle on Lake WashingtonRenton, WAMid-rise1802001201497%
8th & Republican (15)Seattle, WAMid-rise2112016201796%
AnnalieseSeattle, WAMid-rise562009201397%
The Audrey at BelltownSeattle, WAMid-rise1371992201496%
The BernardSeattle, WAMid-rise632008201196%
Cairns, TheSeattle, WAMid-rise992006200795%
Collins on PineSeattle, WAMid-rise762013201496%
CanvasSeattle, WAMid-rise12320142021100%
DomaineSeattle, WAMid-rise922009201297%
Expo (14)Seattle, WAMid-rise2752012201293%
Fountain CourtSeattle, WAMid-rise3202000200095%
Patent 523Seattle, WAMid-rise2952010201096%
Taylor 28Seattle, WAMid-rise1972008201496%
Velo and Ray (15)Seattle, WAMid-rise3082014201996%
Vox ApartmentsSeattle, WAMid-rise582013201395%
Wharfside PointeSeattle, WAMid-rise1551990199497%
12,52596%
Total/Weighted Average62,14796%

Footnotes to the Company’s Portfolio Listing as of December 31, 2022

(1)Unless otherwise specified, the Company consolidates each community in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

(2)For communities, occupancy rates are based on financial occupancy for the year ended December 31, 2022, except for communities that were stabilized during the year, in which case occupancy as of December 31, 2022 was used. For an explanation of how financial occupancy is calculated, see "Occupancy Rates" in this Item 2.

(3)The community is subject to a ground lease, which, unless extended, will expire in 2083.

(4)Each of these communities is part of a DownREIT structure in which the Company is the general partner or manager and the other limited partners or members are granted rights of redemption for their interests.

(5)This community is owned by BEXAEW. The Company has a 50% interest in BEXAEW, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(6)This community is owned by Wesco III, LLC ("Wesco III"). The Company has a 50% interest in Wesco III, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(7)This community is owned by BEX II, LLC ("BEX II"). The Company has a 50% interest in BEX II, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(8)This community is owned by Wesco I, LLC ("Wesco I"). The Company has a 58% interest in Wesco I, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(9)This community is subject to a ground lease, which, unless extended, will expire in 2067.

(10)This community is subject to a ground lease, which, unless extended, will expire in 2027.

(11)The Company has a 97% interest and a former Executive Vice President of the Company has a 3% interest in this community.

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(12)This community is owned by Wesco IV, LLC ("Wesco IV") The Company has a 65.1% interest in Wesco IV, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(13)This community is subject to a ground lease, which, unless extended, will expire in 2028.

(14)The Company has an interest in a single asset entity owning this community.

(15)This community is owned by Wesco V, LLC ("Wesco V"). The Company has a 50% interest in Wesco V, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(16)This community is owned by Wesco VI, LLC ("Wesco VI"). The Company has a 50% interest in Wesco VI, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(17)This community is owned by BEX IV, LLC ("BEX IV"). The Company has a 50.1% interest in BEX IV, which is accounted for using the equity method of accounting.

(18)A portion of this community on which 84 apartment homes are presently located is subject to a ground lease, which, unless extended, will expire in 2028.

(19)The community is subject to a ground lease, which, unless extended, will expire in 2070.

(20) Represents the initial year the joint venture or consolidated community was acquired.

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