Item 4. Controls and Procedures

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of March 31, 2025, evaluations were performed under the supervision and with the participation of Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy (each individually a “Registrant” and collectively the “Registrants”) management, including their respective Principal Executive Officers (PEO) and Principal Financial Officers (PFO). The evaluations assessed the effectiveness of the Registrants’ disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the evaluations, each PEO and PFO has concluded that, as to the Registrant or Registrants for which they serve as PEO or PFO, the Registrant’s or Registrants’ disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by each Registrant in reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms; and that the Registrant’s or Registrants’ disclosure controls and procedures are also effective in reasonably assuring that such information is accumulated and communicated to the Registrant’s or Registrants’ management, including their respective PEOs and PFOs, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Under the supervision and with the participation of each Registrant’s management, including its respective PEO and PFO, each Registrant evaluated changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 and found no change that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, internal control over financial reporting.

ENTERGY ARKANSAS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Results of Operations

Net Income

Entergy Arkansas had net income of $86.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to a net loss of $32.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to reflect the write-off of a previously recorded regulatory asset as a result of an adverse decision in the opportunity sales proceeding in March 2024. Also contributing to the net income were higher volume/weather and higher retail electric price, partially offset by higher depreciation and amortization expenses and higher interest expense. See Note 2 to the financial statements herein and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the opportunity sales proceeding.

Operating Revenues

Following is an analysis of the change in operating revenues comparing the three months ended March 31, 2025 to the three months ended March 31, 2024:

Amount
(In Millions)
2024 operating revenues$622.0
Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income(59.6)
Retail electric price16.2
Volume/weather34.9
2025 operating revenues$613.5

Entergy Arkansas’s results include revenues from rate mechanisms designed to recover fuel, purchased power, and other costs such that the revenues and expenses associated with these items generally offset and do not affect net income. “Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income” includes the revenue variance associated with these items.

The retail electric price variance is primarily due to an increase in formula rate plan rates effective January 2025. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing.

The volume/weather variance is primarily due to an increase in industrial usage and the effect of more favorable weather on residential sales. The increase in industrial usage is primarily due to an increase in demand from large industrial customers, primarily in the primary metals and technology industries, and an increase in demand from small industrial customers.

Entergy Arkansas, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management's Financial Discussion and Analysis

Total electric energy sales for Entergy Arkansas for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

20252024% Change
(GWh)
Residential2,2101,96612
Commercial1,2601,280(2)
Industrial2,5422,26812
Governmental3946(15)
Total retail6,0515,5609
Sales for resale:
Associated companies53646216
Non-associated companies563966(42)
Total7,1506,9882

See Note 12 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of Entergy Arkansas’s operating revenues.

Other Income Statement Variances

Fuel, fuel-related expenses, and gas purchased for resale includes a credit of $9 million, recorded in first quarter 2024, for costs related to net metering. The costs were incurred in 2023 and included within Entergy Arkansas’s annual redetermination of its energy cost recovery rider filed in March 2024 due to a change in law in the state of Arkansas. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the March 2024 energy cost recovery rider filing.

Other operation and maintenance expenses decreased primarily due to a decrease of $4.1 million in power delivery expenses primarily due to lower scope of work performed in 2025 as compared to 2024 and contract costs of $2.9 million, in first quarter 2024, related to operational performance, customer service, and organizational health initiatives.

Asset write-offs includes a $131.8 million charge to reflect the write-off of a previously recorded regulatory asset as a result of an adverse decision in the opportunity sales proceeding in March 2024. See Note 2 to the financial statements herein and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the opportunity sales proceeding.

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased primarily due to additions to plant in service, including the Walnut Bend Solar facility, which was placed in service in September 2024, and the West Memphis Solar facility and the Driver Solar facility, which were placed in service in December 2024.

Entergy Arkansas records a regulatory charge or credit for the difference between asset retirement obligation-related expenses and nuclear decommissioning trust earnings plus asset retirement obligation-related costs collected in revenue.

Other income decreased primarily due to changes in decommissioning trust fund activity, including portfolio rebalancing of decommissioning trust funds in first quarter 2024.

Interest expense increased primarily due to the issuances of $400 million of 5.75% Series mortgage bonds and $400 million of 5.45% Series mortgage bonds, each in May 2024. The increase was partially offset by the repayment of $375 million of 3.70% Series mortgage bonds in June 2024.

Entergy Arkansas, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 21% for the first quarter 2025. The accrual for state income taxes was offset by certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items and the amortization of excess state accumulated deferred income taxes as a result of tax rate changes.

The effective income tax rate was 24.8% for the first quarter 2024. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2024 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items and the accrual for state income taxes, partially offset by the amortization of state accumulated deferred income taxes as a result of tax rate changes.

Income Tax Legislation and Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Income Tax Legislation and Regulation” in the Form 10-K for discussion of income tax legislation and regulation.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

20252024
(In Thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$4,747$3,632
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities257,177287,251
Investing activities(161,111)(371,389)
Financing activities(45,753)126,073
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents50,31341,935
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$55,060$45,567

Operating Activities

Net cash flow provided by operating activities decreased $30.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to:

  • the timing of recovery of fuel and purchased power costs. See Note 2 to the financial statements herein and in the Form 10-K for a discussion of fuel and purchased power cost recovery;

  • lower collections from customers; and

  • higher fuel and purchased power payments.

Investing Activities

Net cash flow used in investing activities decreased $210.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to:

  • the initial payment of approximately $169.7 million in February 2024 for the purchase of the Walnut Bend Solar facility;

Entergy Arkansas, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management's Financial Discussion and Analysis

  • a decrease of $27.5 million in information technology capital expenditures primarily due to decreased spending on various technology projects in 2025;

  • a decrease of $27.4 million in transmission construction expenditures primarily due to decreased spending on various transmission projects in 2025; and

  • net proceeds of $12.3 million in 2025 compared to net purchases of $11.2 million in 2024 as a result of fluctuations in nuclear fuel activity due to variations from year to year in the timing and pricing of fuel reload requirements, materials and services deliveries, and the timing of cash payments during the nuclear fuel cycle.

The decrease was partially offset by an increase of $21.3 million in distribution construction expenditures primarily due to higher capital expenditures for storm restoration in 2025 and an increase of $11.7 million in non-nuclear generation construction expenditures primarily due to a higher scope of work during plant outages performed in 2025 as compared to 2024.

See Note 14 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Walnut Bend Solar facility purchase.

Financing Activities

Entergy Arkansas’s financing activities used $45.8 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to providing $126.1 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the following activity:

  • a capital contribution of approximately $275 million received from Entergy Corporation in 2024 in anticipation of upcoming expenditures, including the acquisition of the Walnut Bend Solar facility;

  • the issuance of $70 million of 5.54% Series O notes by the Entergy Arkansas nuclear fuel company variable interest entity in March 2024;

  • a decrease in net repayments of $53.1 million on the nuclear fuel company variable interest entity’s credit facility; and

  • money pool activity.

Decreases in Entergy Arkansas’s payable to the money pool are a use of cash flow, and Entergy Arkansas’s payable to the money pool decreased $15.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to decreasing by $145.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The money pool is an intercompany cash management program that makes possible intercompany borrowing and lending arrangements, and the money pool and other borrowing arrangements are designed to reduce the Registrant Subsidiaries’ dependence on external short-term borrowings.

See Note 4 to the financial statements herein and Note 5 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for more details on long-term debt.

Capital Structure

Entergy Arkansas’s debt to capital ratio is shown in the following table.

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Debt to capital53.1%53.6%
Effect of subtracting cash(0.3%)—%
Net debt to net capital (non-GAAP)52.8%53.6%

Net debt consists of debt less cash and cash equivalents. Debt consists of short-term borrowings, finance lease obligations, and long-term debt, including the currently maturing portion. Capital consists of debt and equity. Net

Entergy Arkansas, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

capital consists of capital less cash and cash equivalents. Entergy Arkansas uses the debt to capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Arkansas’s financial condition. The net debt to net capital ratio is a non-GAAP measure. Entergy Arkansas also uses the net debt to net capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Arkansas’s financial condition because net debt indicates Entergy Arkansas’s outstanding debt position that could not be readily satisfied by cash and cash equivalents on hand.

Uses and Sources of Capital

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of Entergy Arkansas’s uses and sources of capital. The following are updates to the information provided in the Form 10-K.

Recent announcements of changes to international trade policy and tariffs and further similar changes may impact Entergy Arkansas’s business, operations, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. Potential impacts may include increases in costs associated with Entergy Arkansas’s capital investments or operations and maintenance expenses; operational impacts, such as supply chain, manufacturing or raw materials sourcing disruptions which may affect Entergy Arkansas’s ability to make planned capital investments as and when expected and needed; legal uncertainties, such as potential legal or other challenges to presidential tariff authority; or broader economic risks, including shifting customer demand, impacts on customer investment decisions, and volatile or uncertain credit and capital markets, which may affect Entergy Arkansas’s ability to access needed capital. The nature and extent of any such effects will depend on, among other things, the specifics of the changes that are ultimately implemented both domestically and internationally, the responses of vendors, suppliers, and other counterparties to those changes, indirect effects on the price and availability of non-tariffed goods, and the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

Entergy Arkansas’s receivables from or (payables to) the money pool were as follows:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(In Thousands)
$9,608($15,190)$8,505($145,385)

See Note 4 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a description of the money pool.

Entergy Arkansas has a credit facility in the amount of $300 million scheduled to expire in June 2029. Entergy Arkansas also has a $25 million credit facility scheduled to expire in April 2026. The $300 million credit facility includes fronting commitments for the issuance of letters of credit against $5 million of the borrowing capacity of the facility. As of March 31, 2025, there were no cash borrowings under either credit facility and no letters of credit outstanding under the $300 million credit facility. In addition, Entergy Arkansas is a party to an uncommitted letter of credit facility as a means to post collateral to support its obligations to MISO. As of March 31, 2025, $17.1 million in letters of credit were outstanding under Entergy Arkansas’s uncommitted letter of credit facility. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of the credit facilities.

The Entergy Arkansas nuclear fuel company variable interest entity has a credit facility in the amount of $80 million scheduled to expire in June 2027. As of March 31, 2025, there were $5.4 million in loans outstanding under the credit facility for the Entergy Arkansas nuclear fuel company variable interest entity. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for discussion of the nuclear fuel company variable interest entity credit facility.

Entergy Arkansas, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management's Financial Discussion and Analysis

Lake Catherine Unit 5

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in November 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed an application with the APSC seeking a certificate of environmental compatibility and public need for the construction and operation of Lake Catherine Unit 5, a 446 MW hydrogen-capable simple-cycle natural gas combustion turbine facility to be located at the existing Lake Catherine facility site in Hot Spring County, Arkansas. In December 2024 other parties, including the APSC general staff, filed testimony opposing the resource, although the APSC general staff recognized the capacity need for the resource. Entergy Arkansas filed testimony in January 2025 further supporting its application, and in February 2025 the opposing parties filed responsive rebuttal testimony continuing to dispute the estimated costs and to dispute that Entergy Arkansas performed a market solicitation sufficient to demonstrate that this resource is the most reasonable option for customers. Also in February 2025, Entergy Arkansas filed surrebuttal testimony responding to the opposing parties’ testimony. A hearing was held in March 2025, and in April 2025 the APSC issued an order approving certification of the facility. The order also provided a presumption of prudence finding with respect to a benchmark project cost, which excluded AFUDC and contingency among other items. Entergy Arkansas will have the opportunity to later present all actual costs to the APSC for review for a prudence determination, including any costs incremental to the benchmark. Entergy Arkansas is evaluating potential responses to the APSC order. Subject to receipt of required regulatory approval and other conditions, the facility is expected to be in service by the end of 2028.

State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel-Cost Recovery

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel-Cost Recovery” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of state and local rate regulation and fuel-cost recovery. The following are updates to that discussion.

Retail Rates

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the System Energy settlement with the APSC. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas would refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. Entergy Arkansas refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits under the Grand Gulf credit rider during the August 2024 billing cycle. In March 2025, Entergy Arkansas included the remaining balance as a credit to retail customers in its energy cost recovery rider rate redetermination filing. See further discussion within “Energy Cost Recovery Rider” below. In April 2025 the APSC approved Entergy Arkansas’s proposal to include the remaining balance in its energy cost recovery rider effective with the first billing cycle of April 2025 and the withdrawal of the Grand Gulf credit rider after all credits have been issued.

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2025, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected an increase in the rate from $0.00882 per kWh to $0.01333 per kWh. The annual redetermination included a credit related to the remaining balance due to retail customers from the System Energy settlement with the APSC, plus carrying charges and interest. See “Retail Rates - Grand Gulf Credit Rider” above for further discussion. The primary reason for the rate increase is an adjustment to account for projected increases in natural gas prices in 2025. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be

Entergy Arkansas, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

reflected in its 2026 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.01333 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2025 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Opportunity Sales Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024. In December 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the decision of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, and Entergy Arkansas filed a petition for rehearing en banc. In January 2025 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit denied Entergy Arkansas’s petition. In April 2025, Entergy Arkansas filed a petition for certiorari with the United States Supreme Court.

Generating Arkansas Jobs Act of 2025

In March 2025 the State of Arkansas passed the Generating Arkansas Jobs Act of 2025, now Act 373 (Act 373), that authorizes the recovery of financing costs during construction of generation and transmission investments through a rider separate from the formula rate plan. Act 373 also permits cost recovery of those investments when completed and in service, either through the next general rate case proceeding or under the formula rate plan. Act 373 streamlines and simplifies the regulatory approval process and provides increased timeliness and certainty of cost recovery.

Federal Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Federal Regulation” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of federal regulation.

Nuclear Matters

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Nuclear Matters” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of nuclear matters.

Environmental Risks

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Environmental Risks” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of environmental risks.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Critical Accounting Estimates” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of the estimates and judgments necessary in Entergy Arkansas’s

Entergy Arkansas, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management's Financial Discussion and Analysis

accounting for nuclear decommissioning costs, utility regulatory accounting, taxation and uncertain tax positions, qualified pension and other postretirement benefits, and other contingencies.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Note 1 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Entergy Corporation and Subsidiaries Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis herein for updates to the discussion of new accounting pronouncements.

ENTERGY ARKANSAS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING REVENUES
Electric$613,511$622,045
OPERATING EXPENSES
Operation and Maintenance:
Fuel, fuel-related expenses, and gas purchased for resale47,559106,439
Purchased power64,94752,320
Nuclear refueling outage expenses10,58114,088
Other operation and maintenance171,518178,041
Asset write-offs—131,775
Decommissioning24,62222,647
Taxes other than income taxes35,98136,224
Depreciation and amortization113,268102,991
Other regulatory charges (credits) - net(5,117)48,619
TOTAL463,359693,144
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)150,152(71,099)
OTHER INCOME
Allowance for equity funds used during construction4,2625,532
Interest and investment income13,57972,760
Miscellaneous - net(2,778)(3,581)
TOTAL15,06374,711
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense57,74349,265
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction(2,053)(2,699)
TOTAL55,69046,566
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES109,525(42,954)
Income taxes23,002(10,674)
NET INCOME (LOSS)86,523(32,280)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest(1,191)(1,818)
EARNINGS (LOSS) APPLICABLE TO MEMBER'S EQUITY$87,714($30,462)
See Notes to Financial Statements.

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ENTERGY ARKANSAS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)$86,523($32,280)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flow provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, and decommissioning, including nuclear fuel amortization159,997144,309
Deferred income taxes, investment tax credits, and non-current taxes accrued38,6478,754
Asset write-offs—131,775
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables20,88427,640
Fuel inventory(6,636)(289)
Accounts payable(10,943)(36,137)
Taxes accrued(1,370)4,735
Interest accrued25,94716,868
Deferred fuel costs(42,248)18,179
Other working capital accounts(1,447)13,059
Provisions for estimated losses4,4414,387
Other regulatory assets10,149197,825
Other regulatory liabilities(47,940)21,357
Pension and other postretirement funded status(13,269)(15,541)
Other assets and liabilities34,442(217,390)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities257,177287,251
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Construction expenditures(156,345)(180,227)
Allowance for equity funds used during construction4,2625,532
Payment for purchase of plant(1,282)(169,694)
Nuclear fuel purchases(28,000)(44,445)
Proceeds from sale of nuclear fuel40,26033,213
Proceeds from nuclear decommissioning trust fund sales23,272204,049
Investment in nuclear decommissioning trust funds(33,721)(211,342)
Changes in money pool receivable - net(9,608)(8,505)
Decrease in other investments5130
Net cash flow used in investing activities(161,111)(371,389)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt17,607179,937
Retirement of long-term debt(34,905)(180,405)
Capital contribution from parent—275,000
Changes in money pool payable - net(15,190)(145,385)
Other(13,265)(3,074)
Net cash flow provided by (used in) financing activities(45,753)126,073
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents50,31341,935
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period4,7473,632
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$55,060$45,567
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest - net of amount capitalized$31,134$31,793
Noncash investing activities:
Accrued construction expenditures$51,028$35,791
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY ARKANSAS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash$154$1,306
Temporary cash investments54,9063,441
Total cash and cash equivalents55,0604,747
Accounts receivable:
Customer153,929139,234
Allowance for doubtful accounts(4,947)(4,672)
Associated companies47,07635,412
Other57,00870,927
Accrued unbilled revenues102,383125,824
Total accounts receivable355,449366,725
Fuel inventory - at average cost56,57349,937
Materials and supplies394,613384,238
Deferred nuclear refueling outage costs37,61148,879
Prepayments and other45,21541,404
TOTAL944,521895,930
OTHER PROPERTY AND INVESTMENTS
Decommissioning trust funds1,571,1591,604,428
Other796797
TOTAL1,571,9551,605,225
UTILITY PLANT
Electric16,407,84416,371,182
Construction work in progress434,808320,447
Nuclear fuel200,749257,533
TOTAL UTILITY PLANT17,043,40116,949,162
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization6,367,8126,275,150
UTILITY PLANT - NET10,675,58910,674,012
DEFERRED DEBITS AND OTHER ASSETS
Regulatory assets:
Other regulatory assets1,689,9611,700,110
Other210,061198,706
TOTAL1,900,0221,898,816
TOTAL ASSETS$15,092,087$15,073,983
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY ARKANSAS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable:
Associated companies$39,988$85,137
Other219,594210,040
Customer deposits131,951129,267
Taxes accrued91,84593,215
Interest accrued64,32438,377
Deferred fuel costs2,91045,158
Other54,83455,313
TOTAL605,446656,507
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accumulated deferred income taxes and taxes accrued1,529,0541,489,169
Accumulated deferred investment tax credits25,76926,069
Regulatory liability for income taxes - net420,275417,561
Other regulatory liabilities780,511831,165
Decommissioning1,716,2051,691,583
Accumulated provisions80,92076,479
Long-term debt5,107,8535,122,494
Other275,707298,951
TOTAL9,936,2949,953,471
Commitments and Contingencies
EQUITY
Member's equity4,536,5514,448,837
Noncontrolling interest13,79615,168
TOTAL4,550,3474,464,005
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$15,092,087$15,073,983
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY ARKANSAS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
Noncontrolling InterestMember's EquityTotal
(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023$21,599$3,739,071$3,760,670
Net loss(1,818)(30,462)(32,280)
Capital contribution from parent—275,000275,000
Distributions to noncontrolling interest(250)—(250)
Balance at March 31, 2024$19,531$3,983,609$4,003,140
Balance at December 31, 2024$15,168$4,448,837$4,464,005
Net income (loss)(1,191)87,71486,523
Distributions to noncontrolling interest(181)—(181)
Balance at March 31, 2025$13,796$4,536,551$4,550,347
See Notes to Financial Statements.

ENTERGY LOUISIANA, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Results of Operations

Net Income

Net income increased $71.5 million primarily due to higher volume/weather and higher other income, partially offset by higher interest expense and higher depreciation and amortization expense.

Operating Revenues

Following is an analysis of the change in operating revenues comparing the first quarter 2025 to the first quarter 2024:

Amount
(In Millions)
2024 operating revenues$1,202.4
Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income43.3
Volume/weather33.3
Retail electric price22.5
2025 operating revenues$1,301.5

Entergy Louisiana’s results include revenues from rate mechanisms designed to recover fuel, purchased power, and other costs such that the revenues and expenses associated with these items generally offset and do not affect net income. “Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income” includes the revenue variance associated with these items.

The volume/weather variance is primarily due to the effect of more favorable weather on residential sales and an increase in industrial usage. The increase in industrial usage is primarily due to an increase in demand from large industrial customers, primarily in the petroleum refining and chlor-alkali industries.

The retail electric price variance is primarily due to an increase in formula rate plan revenues, including an increase in the distribution recovery mechanism, effective September 2024, partially offset by decreases in formula rate plan revenues due to interim formula rate plan rate adjustments effective January 2025 and March 2025. See Note 2 to the financial statements herein and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the 2023 formula rate plan proceeding.

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Total electric energy sales for Entergy Louisiana for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

20252024% Change
(GWh)
Residential3,1692,81513
Commercial2,4322,455(1)
Industrial8,5337,76110
Governmental195199(2)
Total retail14,32913,2308
Sales for resale:
Associated companies1,4481,25815
Non-associated companies228382(40)
Total16,00514,8708

See Note 12 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of Entergy Louisiana’s operating revenues.

Other Income Statement Variances

Depreciation and amortization expenses increased primarily due to additions to plant in service and an increase in nuclear depreciation rates effective September 2024 in accordance with the global stipulated settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in August 2024. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the global stipulated settlement agreement.

Other income increased primarily due to higher interest earned on money pool investments, an increase in the allowance for equity funds used during construction due to higher construction work in progress in 2025, and an increase in the amortization of tax gross ups on customer advances for construction. The increase was partially offset by changes in decommissioning trust fund activity, including portfolio rebalancing of the River Bend decommissioning trust fund in first quarter 2024.

Interest expense increased primarily due to the issuance of $700 million of 5.15% Series mortgage bonds in August 2024 and the issuance of $750 million of 5.80% Series mortgage bonds in January 2025.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 17.5% for the first quarter 2025. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2025 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to the book and tax differences related to the non-taxable income distributions earned on preferred membership interests, book and tax differences related to the allowance for equity funds used during construction, and certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items, partially offset by the accrual for state income taxes.

The effective income tax rate was 17.6% for the first quarter 2024. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2024 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to the book and tax differences related to the non-taxable income distributions earned on preferred membership interests and certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items, partially offset by the accrual for state income taxes and the amortization of deficient state accumulated deferred income taxes as a result of tax rate changes.

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Income Tax Legislation and Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Income Tax Legislation and Regulation” in the Form 10-K for discussion of income tax legislation and regulation.

Sale of Natural Gas Distribution Business

See Note 13 to the financial statements herein and the “Held For Sale - Natural Gas Distribution Businesses” section in Note 14 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K discussion of the planned sale of Entergy Louisiana’s gas distribution business.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

20252024
(In Thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$327,102$2,772
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities273,135304,836
Investing activities(696,217)(483,943)
Financing activities488,225949,534
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents65,143770,427
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$392,245$773,199

Operating Activities

Net cash flow provided by operating activities decreased $31.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to higher fuel and purchased power payments and the timing of recovery of fuel and purchased power costs, the timing of payments to vendors, and an increase of $61.1 million in interest paid. The decrease was partially offset by higher collections from customers. See Note 2 to the financial statements herein and in the Form 10-K for a discussion of fuel and purchased power cost recovery.

Investing Activities

Net cash flow used in investing activities increased $212.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to:

  • an increase of $114.4 million in non-nuclear generation construction expenditures primarily due to higher spending on new generation resources in north Louisiana;

  • an increase of $107.7 million in distribution construction expenditures primarily due to increased investment in the resilience of the distribution system and higher capital expenditures for storm restoration in 2025. The increase in storm restoration expenditures is primarily due to Hurricane Francine restoration efforts in 2025;

  • an increase in cash used of $102.3 million as a result of fluctuations in nuclear fuel activity due to variations from year to year in the timing and pricing of fuel reload requirements, materials and services deliveries, and the timing of cash payments during the nuclear fuel cycle;

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

  • an increase of $88.6 million in nuclear construction expenditures primarily due to increased spending on various nuclear projects in 2025; and

  • an increase of $53 million in transmission construction expenditures primarily due to increased spending on various transmission projects in 2025.

The increase was partially offset by:

  • money pool activity;

  • a decrease of $29.1 million in information technology capital expenditures primarily due to decreased spending on various technology projects in 2025; and

  • the receipt of $33.5 million from the storm reserve escrow account in 2025. See Note 2 to the financial statements herein for a discussion of the storm reserve funds.

Increases in Entergy Louisiana’s receivable from the money pool are a use of cash flow, and Entergy Louisiana’s receivable from the money pool increased $39.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to increasing by $218.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The money pool is an intercompany cash management program that makes possible intercompany borrowing and lending arrangements, and the money pool and other borrowing arrangements are designed to reduce the Registrant Subsidiaries’ dependence on external short-term borrowings.

Financing Activities

Net cash flow provided by financing activities decreased $461.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to:

  • the issuances of $500 million of 5.35% Series mortgage bonds and $700 million of 5.70% Series mortgage bonds in March 2024;

  • the repayment, prior to maturity, of $190 million of 3.78% Series mortgage bonds in March 2025;

  • the repayment, prior to maturity, of $110 million of 3.78% Series mortgage bonds in March 2025; and

  • a decrease of $35.5 million in advance payments from customers for construction related to transmission, distribution, and generator interconnection agreements.

The decrease was partially offset by:

  • the issuance of $750 million of 5.80% Series mortgage bonds in January 2025;

  • money pool activity;

  • net long-term borrowings of $100 million in 2025 compared to net repayments of $6 million in 2024 on the nuclear fuel company variable interest entities’ credit facilities; and

  • a decrease of $61.3 million in common equity distributions paid in 2025 in order to maintain Entergy Louisiana’s capital structure.

Decreases in Entergy Louisiana’s payable to the money pool are a use of cash flow, and Entergy Louisiana’s payable to the money pool decreased $156.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

See Note 4 to the financial statements herein and Note 5 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for more details on long-term debt.

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Capital Structure

Entergy Louisiana’s debt to capital ratio is shown in the following table. The increase in the debt to capital ratio for Entergy Louisiana is primarily due to the net issuance of long-term debt in 2025.

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Debt to capital46.9%46.0%
Effect of subtracting cash(1.0%)(0.8%)
Net debt to net capital (non-GAAP)45.9%45.2%

Net debt consists of debt less cash and cash equivalents. Debt consists of short-term borrowings, finance lease obligations, and long-term debt, including the currently maturing portion. Capital consists of debt and equity. Net capital consists of capital less cash and cash equivalents. Entergy Louisiana uses the debt to capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Louisiana’s financial condition. The net debt to net capital ratio is a non-GAAP measure. Entergy Louisiana also uses the net debt to net capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Louisiana’s financial condition because net debt indicates Entergy Louisiana’s outstanding debt position that could not be readily satisfied by cash and cash equivalents on hand.

Uses and Sources of Capital

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of Entergy Louisiana’s uses and sources of capital. The following are updates to the information provided in the Form 10-K.

Recent announcements of changes to international trade policy and tariffs and further similar changes may impact Entergy Louisiana’s business, operations, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. Potential impacts may include increases in costs associated with Entergy Louisiana’s capital investments or operations and maintenance expenses; operational impacts, such as supply chain, manufacturing or raw materials sourcing disruptions which may affect Entergy Louisiana’s ability to make planned capital investments as and when expected and needed; legal uncertainties, such as potential legal or other challenges to presidential tariff authority; or broader economic risks, including shifting customer demand, impacts on customer investment decisions, and volatile or uncertain credit and capital markets, which may affect Entergy Louisiana’s ability to access needed capital. The nature and extent of any such effects will depend on, among other things, the specifics of the changes that are ultimately implemented both domestically and internationally, the responses of vendors, suppliers, and other counterparties to those changes, indirect effects on the price and availability of non-tariffed goods, and the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

Entergy Louisiana’s receivables from or (payables to) the money pool were as follows:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(In Thousands)
$71,805$32,668$218,098($156,166)

See Note 4 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a description of the money pool.

Entergy Louisiana has a credit facility in the amount of $400 million scheduled to expire in June 2029. The credit facility includes fronting commitments for the issuance of letters of credit against $15 million of the borrowing capacity of the facility. As of March 31, 2025, there were no cash borrowings and no letters of credit

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

outstanding under the credit facility. In addition, Entergy Louisiana is a party to an uncommitted letter of credit facility as a means to post collateral to support its obligations to MISO. As of March 31, 2025, $56.2 million in letters of credit were outstanding under Entergy Louisiana’s uncommitted letter of credit facility. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of the credit facilities.

The Entergy Louisiana nuclear fuel company variable interest entities have two separate credit facilities, each in the amount of $105 million and scheduled to expire in June 2027. As of March 31, 2025, $72.3 million in loans were outstanding under the credit facility for the Entergy Louisiana River Bend nuclear fuel company variable interest entity and $65.3 million in loans were outstanding under the credit facility for the Entergy Louisiana Waterford nuclear fuel company variable interest entity. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of the nuclear fuel company variable interest entity credit facilities.

Additional Generation and Transmission Resources

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2024, Entergy Louisiana filed an application with the LPSC seeking approval of a variety of generation and transmission resources proposed in connection with establishing service to a new data center to be developed by a subsidiary of Meta Platforms, Inc. in north Louisiana, for which an electric service agreement has been executed. The filing requests LPSC certification of three new combined cycle combustion turbine generation resources totaling 2,262 MW, each of which will be enabled for future carbon capture and storage, a new 500 kV transmission line, and 500 kV substation upgrades. The application also requests approval to implement a corporate sustainability rider applicable to the new customer. The corporate sustainability rider contemplates the new customer contributing to the costs of the future addition of 1,500 MW of new solar and energy storage resources, agreements involving carbon capture and storage at Entergy Louisiana’s existing Lake Charles Power Station, and potential future wind and nuclear resources. Entergy Louisiana anticipates funding the incremental cost to serve the customer through direct financial contributions from the customer and the revenues it expects to earn under the electric service agreement. The electric service agreement also contains provisions for termination payments that will help ensure that there is no harm to Entergy Louisiana and its customers in the event of early termination. A directive was issued at the LPSC’s November 2024 meeting for the matter to be decided by October 2025. In February 2025 intervenors filed a motion asking the LPSC to deny Entergy Louisiana’s requested exemption from the LPSC’s order addressing competitive solicitation procedures and further asking the LPSC to dismiss the application. The ALJ issued an order denying the motion to dismiss the application and deferring the LPSC’s consideration of the motion regarding the competitive solicitation procedures until the hearing. In March 2025 the same intervenors filed a motion requesting the LPSC to require the customer and its parent company to be joined as parties to the proceeding or dismiss the application. In April 2025 the ALJ issued an order denying the March 2025 motion, and the moving parties filed a motion asking the LPSC to review and reverse the ALJ’s decision. In April 2025 the LPSC staff and intervenors filed direct testimony. The LPSC staff’s testimony discusses the significant projected benefits associated with the data center project and also recommends that the LPSC impose certain conditions on its approval, including a condition that would require, under specified circumstances, certain sharing of net revenues from service to the project with Entergy Louisiana’s other customers. The LPSC staff also recommends that the LPSC deny approval of the corporate sustainability rider terms providing for the customer to supply funding toward the cost of installing carbon capture and storage infrastructure at Entergy Louisiana’s Lake Charles Power Station. The Louisiana Energy Users Group and other intervenors recommended that the LPSC require various changes to the terms of the electric service agreement with the customer that would shift additional risk and cost to the customer rather than Entergy Louisiana’s broader customer base. Certain intervenors also challenged approval on the basis that Entergy Louisiana did not conduct a request for proposals to procure the proposed generation resources to serve the customer’s project; these intervenors also advocate that Entergy Louisiana be required to procure more renewable generation and evaluate transmission alternatives rather than proceeding with development of all of the proposed new generation resources. Entergy Louisiana’s rebuttal testimony is due in May 2025, and a hearing is set for July 2025.

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Transmission Projects

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2024, Entergy Louisiana filed an application with the LPSC seeking an exemption determination, or alternatively, a certificate of public convenience and necessity, for a transmission project that includes a new 500 kV/230 kV Commodore substation and an approximately 60-mile 230 kV line connecting the new Commodore substation to the Waterford substation. In February 2025, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed, for consideration by the LPSC, an uncontested stipulated settlement agreement resolving all issues in the proceeding. The LPSC approved the uncontested stipulated settlement agreement in March 2025 and thereby granted certification of the project.

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in December 2024, Entergy Louisiana filed an application with the LPSC seeking a certificate of public convenience and necessity for a 500 kV transmission project that includes the construction of a new 84-mile Commodore to Churchill 500 kV transmission line, the expansion of the Waterford 500 kV substation, the construction of a new Churchill 500 kV substation and improvements to the Churchill 230 kV substation, and the conversion of the existing 230 kV Waterford to Churchill transmission line to 500 kV, forming a 500 kV loop into the Downstream of Gypsy load pocket. In April 2025 the LPSC staff and the Louisiana Energy Users Group, an intervenor, filed direct testimony. The LPSC staff’s testimony recommends LPSC approval of the project. The Louisiana Energy Users Group’s testimony opines that Entergy Louisiana has shown that there is a need for additional transmission investment in the West Bank area of Amite South but recommends that the LPSC withhold approval pending further analysis, including analysis of potential lower cost alternatives to the proposed project, and also pending Entergy Louisiana demonstrating that it has contributions in aid of construction from the customers whose block load additions would be enabled by the proposed transmission project in amounts sufficient to substantially, if not fully, cover the revenue requirement of the proposed project. Discovery is ongoing in the proceeding, and a hearing is set for August 2025.

State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel-Cost Recovery

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel Cost Recovery” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of state and local rate regulation and fuel-cost recovery. The following are updates to that discussion.

Retail Rates

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. In January 2025, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC filed a joint report indicating that no disputed issues remained in the proceeding and requesting that the LPSC issue an order accepting Entergy Louisiana’s evaluation report and, ultimately, resolving this matter. In March 2025 the LPSC issued an order accepting the evaluation report.

In December 2024, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed an interim rate adjustment for the 2023 test year reflecting the return of $25.1 million of refunds from the System Energy settlement with the LPSC to customers from January through August 2025. In February 2025, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed a second interim rate adjustment for the 2023 test year reflecting the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy, which was effective as of January 1, 2025. The second interim rate adjustment also reflected a revenue

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

increase of $17.8 million for the recovery of Hurricane Francine costs as approved by the LPSC (on an interim basis). The second interim rate adjustment was implemented with the first billing cycle of March 2025. See further discussion of the Hurricane Francine proceeding in Note 2 to the financial statements herein. See Note 8 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of Entergy Louisiana’s divestiture from the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in January 2023 the LPSC staff provided notice of an audit of Entergy Louisiana’s purchased gas adjustment clause filings. The audit includes a review of the reasonableness of charges flowed through Entergy Louisiana’s purchased gas adjustment clause for the period from 2021 through 2022. In April 2025 the LPSC staff issued its audit report (for Entergy Louisiana’s gas operations), which included several prospective recommendations but no financial disallowances. The next procedural step is for the LPSC to review the report; however there is no deadline for completion of the LPSC’s review.

Storm Cost Recovery

In March 2025, Entergy Louisiana filed an application asking that the LPSC issue an order establishing a presumption, in future proceedings involving Entergy Louisiana’s petition for a financing order allowing securitization of storm costs, that the LPSC will enter a decision on the request for a financing order within 120 days from the date of the filing of the petition, while preserving the LPSC’s jurisdiction to complete its full prudence review. A procedural schedule has not been set.

Industrial and Commercial Customers

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Industrial and Commercial Customers” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of industrial and commercial customers.

Federal Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Federal Regulation” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of federal regulation.

Nuclear Matters

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Nuclear Matters” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of nuclear matters.

Environmental Risks

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Environmental Risks” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of environmental risks.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Critical Accounting Estimates” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of the estimates and judgments necessary in Entergy Louisiana’s accounting for nuclear decommissioning costs, utility regulatory accounting, taxation and uncertain tax positions, qualified pension and other postretirement benefits, and other contingencies.

Entergy Louisiana, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

New Accounting Pronouncements

See the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Note 1 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Entergy Corporation and Subsidiaries Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis herein for updates to the discussion of new accounting pronouncements.

ENTERGY LOUISIANA, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING REVENUES
Electric$1,271,946$1,172,793
Natural gas29,60129,647
TOTAL1,301,5471,202,440
OPERATING EXPENSES
Operation and Maintenance:
Fuel, fuel-related expenses, and gas purchased for resale213,852240,087
Purchased power261,788200,280
Nuclear refueling outage expenses18,37117,513
Other operation and maintenance258,037260,979
Decommissioning19,41719,664
Taxes other than income taxes66,22169,839
Depreciation and amortization197,622189,544
Other regulatory charges (credits) - net(47,233)(8,354)
TOTAL988,075989,552
OPERATING INCOME313,472212,888
OTHER INCOME
Allowance for equity funds used during construction15,2067,285
Interest and investment income1,08862,963
Interest and investment income - affiliated76,57180,404
Miscellaneous - net17,071(47,175)
TOTAL109,936103,477
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense121,33497,195
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction(6,185)(2,477)
TOTAL115,14994,718
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES308,259221,647
Income taxes54,06238,924
NET INCOME254,197182,723
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests752795
EARNINGS APPLICABLE TO MEMBER'S EQUITY$253,445$181,928
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY LOUISIANA, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
Net Income$254,197$182,723
Other comprehensive loss
Pension and other postretirement adjustment (net of tax benefit of $1,884, and $746)(971)(2,024)
Other comprehensive loss(971)(2,024)
Comprehensive Income253,226180,699
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests752795
Comprehensive Income Applicable to Member’s Equity$252,474$179,904
See Notes to Financial Statements.

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ENTERGY LOUISIANA, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income$254,197$182,723
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, and decommissioning, including nuclear fuel amortization235,886226,874
Deferred income taxes, investment tax credits, and non-current taxes accrued154,018126,334
Changes in working capital:
Receivables(30,919)39,860
Fuel inventory2,4584,236
Accounts payable(15,853)(109,430)
Prepaid taxes and taxes accrued(57,828)(26,684)
Interest accrued(47,251)(9,995)
Deferred fuel costs(120,941)6,940
Other working capital accounts(6,688)(101,798)
Changes in provisions for estimated losses(25,824)5,497
Changes in other regulatory assets65,14011,834
Changes in other regulatory liabilities(101,039)51,414
Changes in pension and other postretirement funded status(10,612)(12,466)
Other(21,609)(90,503)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities273,135304,836
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Construction expenditures(658,846)(327,980)
Allowance for equity funds used during construction15,2067,285
Proceeds from sale of assets366—
Nuclear fuel purchases(112,379)(48,914)
Proceeds from sale of nuclear fuel—38,790
Payments to storm reserve escrow account(2,728)(3,299)
Receipt from storm reserve escrow account33,456—
Redemption of preferred membership interests of affiliate88,02285,027
Proceeds from nuclear decommissioning trust fund sales158,694149,334
Investment in nuclear decommissioning trust funds(178,871)(166,123)
Changes in money pool receivable - net(39,137)(218,098)
Decrease in other investments—35
Net cash flow used in investing activities(696,217)(483,943)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt1,088,3381,693,150
Retirement of long-term debt(551,009)(513,009)
Change in money pool payable - net—(156,166)
Common equity distributions paid(36,250)(97,500)
Other(12,854)23,059
Net cash flow provided by financing activities488,225949,534
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents65,143770,427
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period327,1022,772
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$392,245$773,199
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest - net of amount capitalized$166,286$105,176
Noncash investing activities:
Accrued construction expenditures$251,166$84,035
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY LOUISIANA, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash$211$327
Temporary cash investments392,034326,775
Total cash and cash equivalents392,245327,102
Accounts receivable:
Customer329,591294,089
Allowance for doubtful accounts(3,148)(3,036)
Associated companies153,893103,055
Other40,75539,056
Accrued unbilled revenues195,155213,026
Total accounts receivable716,246646,190
Deferred fuel costs113,571—
Fuel inventory - at average cost46,95749,515
Materials and supplies680,242782,459
Deferred nuclear refueling outage costs44,78631,121
Prepaid taxes30,081—
Current assets held for sale4,6802,474
Prepayments and other181,40584,236
TOTAL2,210,2131,923,097
OTHER PROPERTY AND INVESTMENTS
Investment in affiliate preferred membership interests4,168,9744,256,997
Decommissioning trust funds2,378,2352,429,088
Non-utility property - at cost (less accumulated depreciation)453,908410,611
Storm reserve escrow account225,990256,718
Other9,8319,749
TOTAL7,236,9387,363,163
UTILITY PLANT
Electric29,010,38528,736,547
Natural gas34,13333,775
Construction work in progress1,217,409761,090
Nuclear fuel350,069288,084
TOTAL UTILITY PLANT30,611,99629,819,496
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization10,894,14810,794,817
UTILITY PLANT - NET19,717,84819,024,679
DEFERRED DEBITS AND OTHER ASSETS
Regulatory assets:
Other regulatory assets1,572,8701,637,967
Deferred fuel costs168,122168,122
Non-current assets held for sale176,579173,669
Other76,17657,853
TOTAL1,993,7472,037,611
TOTAL ASSETS$31,158,746$30,348,550
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY LOUISIANA, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Currently maturing long-term debt$250,000$300,000
Accounts payable:
Associated companies64,963108,688
Other669,116533,087
Customer deposits170,677169,544
Taxes accrued—29,002
Interest accrued72,935120,186
Deferred fuel costs—5,421
Customer advances150,967151,662
Other92,93996,426
TOTAL1,471,5971,514,016
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accumulated deferred income taxes and taxes accrued2,649,3562,477,954
Accumulated deferred investment tax credits87,55388,679
Regulatory liability for income taxes - net343,434355,432
Other regulatory liabilities1,602,4331,692,547
Decommissioning1,861,3621,842,855
Accumulated provisions253,799279,623
Pension and other postretirement liabilities155,012160,577
Long-term debt10,155,6439,566,453
Customer advances for construction281,334291,842
Other481,753479,178
TOTAL17,871,67917,235,140
Commitments and Contingencies
EQUITY
Member’s equity11,720,21311,503,030
Accumulated other comprehensive income52,68753,658
Noncontrolling interests42,57042,706
TOTAL11,815,47011,599,394
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$31,158,746$30,348,550
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY LOUISIANA, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
Noncontrolling InterestsMember’s EquityAccumulated Other Comprehensive IncomeTotal
(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023$45,107$11,473,614$54,798$11,573,519
Net income795181,928—182,723
Other comprehensive loss——(2,024)(2,024)
Non-cash contribution from parent—976—976
Common equity distributions—(97,500)—(97,500)
Distributions to LURC(858)——(858)
Other—(43)—(43)
Balance at March 31, 2024$45,044$11,558,975$52,774$11,656,793
Balance at December 31, 2024$42,706$11,503,030$53,658$11,599,394
Net income752253,445—254,197
Other comprehensive loss——(971)(971)
Common equity distributions—(36,250)—(36,250)
Distributions to LURC(888)——(888)
Other—(12)—(12)
Balance at March 31, 2025$42,570$11,720,213$52,687$11,815,470
See Notes to Financial Statements.

ENTERGY MISSISSIPPI, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Results of Operations

Net Income

Net income increased $19.4 million primarily due to higher retail electric price and higher volume/weather, partially offset by a regulatory charge, recorded in the first quarter 2025, to reflect an adjustment to the grid modernization over/under recovery deferral balance.

Operating Revenues

Following is an analysis of the change in operating revenues comparing the first quarter 2025 to the first quarter 2024:

Amount
(In Millions)
2024 operating revenues$414.9
Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income(34.3)
Retail electric price24.1
Volume/weather19.0
2025 operating revenues$423.7

Entergy Mississippi’s results include revenues from rate mechanisms designed to recover fuel, purchased power, and other costs such that the revenues and expenses associated with these items generally offset and do not affect net income. “Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income” includes the revenue variance associated with these items.

The retail electric price variance is primarily due to increases in formula rate plan rates effective April 2024 and July 2024 and an increase in the interim facilities rate adjustment revenues effective January 2025. See Note 2 to the financial statements herein and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filings, including the interim facilities rate adjustment.

The volume/weather variance is primarily due to an increase in industrial usage and the effect of more favorable weather on residential sales. The increase in industrial usage is primarily due to an increase in demand from large industrial customers, primarily from new customers in the technology industry, and an increase in demand from small industrial customers.

Entergy Mississippi, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Total electric energy sales for Entergy Mississippi for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

20252024% Change
(GWh)
Residential1,3111,18611
Commercial1,0029634
Industrial5264946
Governmental89872
Total retail2,9282,7307
Sales for resale:
Non-associated companies6941,988(65)
Total3,6224,718(23)

See Note 12 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of Entergy Mississippi’s operating revenues.

Other Income Statement Variances

Other operation and maintenance expenses increased primarily due to an increase of $4.2 million in storm damage provisions and an increase of $3.5 million in power delivery expenses primarily due to higher vegetation maintenance costs. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage mitigation and restoration rider.

Taxes other than income taxes increased primarily due to increases in ad valorem taxes resulting from higher assessments.

Other regulatory charges (credits) – net includes a regulatory charge of $21 million, recorded in first quarter 2025, to reflect an adjustment to the grid modernization over/under recovery deferral balance.

Other income increased primarily due to an increase in the amortization of tax gross ups on customer advances for construction and an increase in the allowance for equity funds used during construction due to higher construction in progress in 2025.

Interest expense increased primarily due to carrying costs on customer advances for construction and the issuance of $300 million of 5.85% Series mortgage bonds in May 2024.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rates were 24.1% for the first quarter 2025 and 22.2% for the first quarter 2024. The differences in the effective income tax rates for the first quarter 2025 and the first quarter 2024 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% were primarily due to the accrual for state income taxes, partially offset by certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items.

Income Tax Legislation and Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Income Tax Legislation and Regulation” in the Form 10-K for discussion of income tax legislation and regulation.

Entergy Mississippi, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

20252024
(In Thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$155,693$6,630
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities120,10534,401
Investing activities(432,064)(112,436)
Financing activities754,42373,530
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents442,464(4,505)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$598,157$2,125

Operating Activities

Net cash flow provided by operating activities increased $85.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the receipt of $108.4 million in advance payments related to customer agreements and higher collections from customers, including $25 million of deferred revenue. The increase was partially offset by:

  • the timing of recovery of fuel and purchased power costs. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of fuel and purchased power cost recovery;

  • the timing of payments to vendors; and

  • higher fuel and purchased power payments.

Investing Activities

Net cash flow used in investing activities increased $319.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to an increase of $239 million in non-nuclear generation construction expenditures primarily due to higher spending on the Delta Blues Advanced Power Station project, the Penton Solar project, and other non-nuclear generation projects and money pool activity.

Increases in Entergy Mississippi’s receivable from the money pool are a use of cash flow, and Entergy Mississippi’s receivable from the money pool increased $94.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. The money pool is an intercompany cash management program that makes possible intercompany borrowing and lending arrangements, and the money pool and other borrowing arrangements are designed to reduce the Registrant Subsidiaries’ dependence on external short-term borrowings.

Financing Activities

Net cash flow provided by financing activities increased $680.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to:

  • the issuance of $600 million of 5.80% Series mortgage bonds in March 2025;

  • an increase of $107.6 million in advance payments from customers for construction related to transmission, distribution, and generator interconnection agreements;

Entergy Mississippi, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

  • a capital contribution of $62.5 million received from Entergy Corporation in order to maintain Entergy Mississippi’s capital structure; and

  • money pool activity.

The increase was partially offset by borrowings of $100 million in 2024 on Entergy Mississippi’s credit facility.

Decreases in Entergy Mississippi’s payable to the money pool are a use of cash flow, and Entergy Mississippi’s payable to the money pool decreased by $17.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024.

See Note 4 to the financial statements herein and Note 5 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for more details on long-term debt.

Capital Structure

Entergy Mississippi’s debt to capital ratio is shown in the following table. The increase in the debt to capital ratio for Entergy Mississippi is primarily due to net issuance of long-term debt in 2025.

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Debt to capital54.7%50.4%
Effect of subtracting cash(5.4%)(1.6%)
Net debt to net capital (non-GAAP)49.3%48.8%

Net debt consists of debt less cash and cash equivalents. Debt consists of short-term borrowings, finance lease obligations, and long-term debt, including the currently maturing portion. Capital consists of debt and equity. Net capital consists of capital less cash and cash equivalents. Entergy Mississippi uses the debt to capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Mississippi’s financial condition. The net debt to net capital ratio is a non-GAAP measure. Entergy Mississippi uses the net debt to net capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Mississippi’s financial condition because net debt indicates Entergy Mississippi’s outstanding debt position that could not be readily satisfied by cash and cash equivalents on hand.

Uses and Sources of Capital

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of Entergy Mississippi’s uses and sources of capital. The following are updates to the information provided in the Form 10-K.

Recent announcements of changes to international trade policy and tariffs and further similar changes may impact Entergy Mississippi’s business, operations, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. Potential impacts may include increases in costs associated with Entergy Mississippi’s capital investments or operations and maintenance expenses; operational impacts, such as supply chain, manufacturing or raw materials sourcing disruptions which may affect Entergy Mississippi’s ability to make planned capital investments as and when expected and needed; legal uncertainties, such as potential legal or other challenges to presidential tariff authority; or broader economic risks, including shifting customer demand, impacts on customer investment decisions, and volatile or uncertain credit and capital markets, which may affect Entergy Mississippi’s ability to access needed capital. The nature and extent of any such effects will depend on, among other things, the specifics of the changes that are ultimately implemented both domestically and internationally, the responses of vendors, suppliers, and other counterparties to those changes, indirect effects on the price and availability of non-tariffed goods, and the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

Entergy Mississippi, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Entergy Mississippi’s receivables from or (payables to) the money pool were as follows:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(In Thousands)
$109,532$15,218($56,220)($73,769)

See Note 4 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a description of the money pool.

Entergy Mississippi has a credit facility in the amount of $300 million scheduled to expire in June 2029. The credit facility includes fronting commitments for the issuance of letters of credit against $5 million of the borrowing capacity of the facility. As of March 31, 2025, there were no cash borrowings and no letters of credit outstanding under the credit facility. In addition, Entergy Mississippi is a party to an uncommitted letter of credit facility as a means to post collateral to support its obligations to MISO and for other purposes. As of March 31, 2025, $31.3 million in MISO letters of credit and $1.3 million in non-MISO letters of credit were outstanding under this facility. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of the credit facilities.

State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel-Cost Recovery

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel-Cost Recovery” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of state and local rate regulation and fuel-cost recovery. The following are updates to that discussion.

Retail Rates

2025 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In February 2025, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2025 test year filing and 2024 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2024 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2025 calendar year to also be within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2025 test year filing resulted in an earned return on rate base of 7.64% and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. The 2024 look-back filing compared actual 2024 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues, although Entergy Mississippi proposes to adjust interim rates by $135 thousand to reflect two outside-the-bandwidth changes: (1) the completion of Entergy Mississippi’s return to customers of credits under its restructuring credit rider; and (2) a true-up of demand side management costs. A final order is expected in second quarter 2025.

Interim Facilities Rate Adjustments

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024. Entergy Mississippi filed its second interim facilities rate adjustment report in November 2024 to recover approximately $46.7 million of these costs over a 12-month period with rates effective beginning in January 2025. In February 2025, Entergy Mississippi filed a true-up interim facilities rate adjustment report to the initial annual interim facilities rate adjustment report filed in May 2024, reflecting the recovery of an additional approximately $1.0 million of costs over a 12-month period with rates effective with the first billing cycle of April 2025.

Entergy Mississippi, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Federal Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Federal Regulation” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of federal regulation.

Nuclear Matters

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Nuclear Matters” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of nuclear matters.

Environmental Risks

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Environmental Risks” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of environmental risks.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Critical Accounting Estimates” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of the estimates and judgments necessary in Entergy Mississippi’s accounting for utility regulatory accounting, taxation and uncertain tax positions, qualified pension and other postretirement benefits, and other contingencies.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Note 1 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Entergy Corporation and Subsidiaries Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis herein for updates to the discussion of new accounting pronouncements.

ENTERGY MISSISSIPPI, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING REVENUES
Electric$423,709$414,856
OPERATING EXPENSES
Operation and Maintenance:
Fuel, fuel-related expenses, and gas purchased for resale26,051117,850
Purchased power87,51167,655
Other operation and maintenance78,80071,206
Taxes other than income taxes43,51038,310
Depreciation and amortization67,98465,917
Other regulatory charges (credits) - net35,587(6,491)
TOTAL339,443354,447
OPERATING INCOME84,26660,409
OTHER INCOME
Allowance for equity funds used during construction5,2701,918
Interest and investment income2,317193
Miscellaneous - net4,094(1,621)
TOTAL11,681490
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense36,18026,397
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction(2,016)(747)
TOTAL34,16425,650
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES61,78335,249
Income taxes14,9177,817
NET INCOME46,86627,432
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest(2,479)(2,302)
EARNINGS APPLICABLE TO MEMBER'S EQUITY$49,345$29,734
See Notes to Financial Statements.

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ENTERGY MISSISSIPPI, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income$46,866$27,432
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization67,98465,917
Deferred income taxes, investment tax credits, and non-current taxes accrued(42,852)(9,162)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables12,85336,151
Fuel inventory2,142(1,012)
Accounts payable(33,483)(15,691)
Taxes accrued(45,531)(75,046)
Interest accrued16,5075,960
Deferred fuel costs(46,363)28,337
Other working capital accounts75,700(6,853)
Provisions for estimated losses(2,411)(977)
Other regulatory assets38,417(3,166)
Other regulatory liabilities11,034(2,701)
Pension and other postretirement funded status(3,654)(6,014)
Other assets and liabilities22,896(8,774)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities120,10534,401
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Construction expenditures(342,980)(114,260)
Allowance for equity funds used during construction5,2701,918
Change in money pool receivable - net(94,314)—
Increase in other investments(40)(94)
Net cash flow used in investing activities(432,064)(112,436)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt593,20199,860
Capital contribution from parent62,500—
Change in money pool payable - net—(17,549)
Other98,722(8,781)
Net cash flow provided by financing activities754,42373,530
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents442,464(4,505)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period155,6936,630
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$598,157$2,125
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest - net of amount capitalized$19,084$19,838
Income taxes$—$2,353
Noncash investing activities:
Accrued construction expenditures$129,085$43,943
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY MISSISSIPPI, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash$141$184
Temporary cash investments598,016155,509
Total cash and cash equivalents598,157155,693
Accounts receivable:
Customer109,05997,609
Allowance for doubtful accounts(2,074)(2,172)
Associated companies116,53823,909
Other12,12125,148
Accrued unbilled revenues66,05175,740
Total accounts receivable301,695220,234
Fuel inventory - at average cost12,82114,963
Materials and supplies113,838113,256
Prepayments and other51,82519,764
TOTAL1,078,336523,910
OTHER PROPERTY AND INVESTMENTS
Non-utility property - at cost (less accumulated depreciation)4,4784,482
Other920880
TOTAL5,3985,362
UTILITY PLANT
Electric7,916,9427,860,409
Construction work in progress739,110487,273
TOTAL UTILITY PLANT8,656,0528,347,682
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization2,551,2102,511,091
UTILITY PLANT - NET6,104,8425,836,591
DEFERRED DEBITS AND OTHER ASSETS
Regulatory assets:
Other regulatory assets487,430525,847
Other104,50997,260
TOTAL591,939623,107
TOTAL ASSETS$7,780,515$6,988,970
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY MISSISSIPPI, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable:
Associated companies$53,243$58,087
Other248,751283,755
Customer deposits96,81994,009
Taxes accrued133,493179,024
Interest accrued37,17420,667
Deferred fuel costs79,953126,316
Customer advances106,494—
Other19,49320,720
TOTAL775,420782,578
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accumulated deferred income taxes and taxes accrued831,951870,116
Accumulated deferred investment tax credits13,34013,446
Regulatory liability for income taxes - net178,278180,851
Other regulatory liabilities73,15159,544
Asset retirement cost liabilities25,46025,110
Accumulated provisions44,78947,200
Long-term debt3,020,6182,427,073
Customer advances for construction212,028112,618
Other87,12661,446
TOTAL4,486,7413,797,404
Commitments and Contingencies
EQUITY
Member's equity2,512,6312,400,786
Noncontrolling interest5,7238,202
TOTAL2,518,3542,408,988
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$7,780,515$6,988,970
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY MISSISSIPPI, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
Noncontrolling InterestMember's EquityTotal
(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023$18,753$2,189,461$2,208,214
Net income (loss)(2,302)29,73427,432
Balance at March 31, 2024$16,451$2,219,195$2,235,646
Balance at December 31, 2024$8,202$2,400,786$2,408,988
Net income (loss)(2,479)49,34546,866
Capital contribution from parent—62,50062,500
Balance at March 31, 2025$5,723$2,512,631$2,518,354
See Notes to Financial Statements.

ENTERGY NEW ORLEANS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Results of Operations

Net Income

Entergy New Orleans had net income of $12.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to a net loss of $49.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to a $78.5 million ($57.4 million net-of-tax) regulatory charge, recorded in first quarter 2024, primarily to reflect a settlement in principle between Entergy New Orleans and the City Council in April 2024 for additional sharing with customers of income tax benefits from the resolution of the 2016-2018 IRS audit. Also contributing to the net income were lower other operation and maintenance expenses, partially offset by higher interest expense. See Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the April 2024 settlement in principle and discussion of the resolution of the 2016-2018 IRS audit.

Operating Revenues

Following is an analysis of the change in operating revenues comparing the first quarter 2025 to the first quarter 2024:

Amount
(In Millions)
2024 operating revenues$193.0
Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income(18.1)
Retail electric price1.7
Volume/weather4.5
2025 operating revenues$181.1

Entergy New Orleans’s results include revenues from rate mechanisms designed to recover fuel, purchased power, and other costs such that the revenues and expenses associated with these items generally offset and do not affect net income. “Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income” includes the revenue variance associated with these items.

The retail electric price variance is primarily due to an increase in formula rate plan rates effective September 2024 in accordance with the terms of the 2024 formula rate plan filing. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the formula rate plan filing.

The volume/weather variance is primarily due to the effect of more favorable weather on residential sales, partially offset by a decrease in weather-adjusted residential usage.

Entergy New Orleans, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Total electric energy sales for Entergy New Orleans for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

20252024% Change
(GWh)
Residential53448011
Commercial439443(1)
Industrial7285(15)
Governmental174177(2)
Total retail1,2191,1853
Sales for resale:
Non-associated companies97505(81)
Total1,3161,690(22)

See Note 12 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of Entergy New Orleans’s operating revenues.

Other Income Statement Variances

Other operation and maintenance expenses decreased primarily due to:

  • a decrease of $1.5 million in loss provisions;

  • a decrease of $1.4 million in costs recognized related to credits provided to customers as part of the rate mitigation plan approved in the settlement of the 2023 formula rate plan filing. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the formula rate plan filing; and

  • contract costs of $0.8 million, in first quarter 2024, related to operational performance, customer service, and organizational health initiatives.

Other regulatory charges (credits) - net includes a regulatory charge of $78.5 million, recorded in first quarter 2024, primarily to reflect a settlement in principle between Entergy New Orleans and the City Council in April 2024 for additional sharing with customers of income tax benefits from the resolution of the 2016-2018 IRS audit. See Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the April 2024 settlement in principle and discussion of the resolution of the 2016-2018 IRS audit.

Interest expense increased primarily due to higher carrying costs related to higher regulatory liability balances and the issuances of $65 million of 6.41% Series mortgage bonds, $50 million of 6.54% Series mortgage bonds, and $35 million of 6.25% Series mortgage bonds, each in May 2024, partially offset by the repayment of an $85 million unsecured term loan in June 2024.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 23.6% for the first quarter 2025. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2025 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to the accrual for state income taxes, partially offset by certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items.

The effective income tax rate was 28.3% for the first quarter 2024. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2024 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to the accrual for state income taxes.

Entergy New Orleans, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Income Tax Legislation and Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Income Tax Legislation and Regulation” in the Form 10-K for discussion of income tax legislation and regulation.

Sale of Natural Gas Distribution Business

See Note 13 to the financial statements herein and the “Held For Sale - Natural Gas Distribution Businesses” section in Note 14 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the planned sale of Entergy New Orleans’s gas distribution business.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

20252024
(In Thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$31,777$26
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities2,5899,139
Investing activities(21,851)(36,893)
Financing activities1,41127,754
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(17,851)—
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$13,926$26

Operating Activities

Net cash flow provided by operating activities decreased $6.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to lower collections from customers, partially offset by the timing of payments to vendors.

Investing Activities

Net cash flow used in investing activities decreased $15.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to net receipts of $9.5 million from the storm reserve escrow account in 2025 compared to payments of $1.9 million to the storm reserve escrow account in 2024.

Financing Activities

Net cash flow provided by financing activities decreased $26.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the repayment, at maturity, of $78 million of 3.00% Series mortgage bonds in March 2025 and money pool activity. The decrease was partially offset by proceeds received in March 2025 from an $80 million unsecured term loan due March 2026.

Increases in Entergy New Orleans’s payable to the money pool are a source of cash flow, and Entergy New Orleans’s payable to the money pool increased $28.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The money pool is an intercompany cash management program that makes possible intercompany borrowing and

Entergy New Orleans, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

lending arrangements, and the money pool and other borrowing arrangements are designed to reduce the Registrant Subsidiaries’ dependence on external short-term borrowings.

See Note 4 to the financial statements herein and Note 5 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for more details on long-term debt.

Capital Structure

Entergy New Orleans’s debt to capital ratio is shown in the following table.

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Debt to capital51.2%51.5%
Effect of subtracting cash(0.5%)(1.1%)
Net debt to net capital (non-GAAP)50.7%50.4%

Net debt consists of debt less cash and cash equivalents. Debt consists of short-term borrowings, finance lease obligations, long-term debt, including the currently maturing portion, and the long-term payable due to an associated company. Capital consists of debt and equity. Net capital consists of capital less cash and cash equivalents. Entergy New Orleans uses the debt to capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy New Orleans’s financial condition. The net debt to net capital ratio is a non-GAAP measure. Entergy New Orleans also uses the net debt to net capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy New Orleans’s financial condition because net debt indicates Entergy New Orleans’s outstanding debt position that could not be readily satisfied by cash and cash equivalents on hand.

Uses and Sources of Capital

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of Entergy New Orleans’s uses and sources of capital. The following are updates to the information provided in the Form 10-K.

Recent announcements of changes to international trade policy and tariffs and further similar changes may impact Entergy New Orleans’s business, operations, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. Potential impacts may include increases in costs associated with Entergy New Orleans’s capital investments or operations and maintenance expenses; operational impacts, such as supply chain, manufacturing or raw materials sourcing disruptions which may affect Entergy New Orleans’s ability to make planned capital investments as and when expected and needed; legal uncertainties, such as potential legal or other challenges to presidential tariff authority; or broader economic risks, including shifting customer demand, impacts on customer investment decisions, and volatile or uncertain credit and capital markets, which may affect Entergy New Orleans’s ability to access needed capital. The nature and extent of any such effects will depend on, among other things, the specifics of the changes that are ultimately implemented both domestically and internationally, the responses of vendors, suppliers, and other counterparties to those changes, indirect effects on the price and availability of non-tariffed goods, and the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

Entergy New Orleans, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Entergy New Orleans’s receivables from or (payables to) the money pool were as follows:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(In Thousands)
$2,549$3,146($49,776)($21,651)

See Note 4 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a description of the money pool.

Entergy New Orleans has a credit facility in the amount of $25 million scheduled to expire in June 2027. The credit facility includes fronting commitments for the issuance of letters of credit against $10 million of the borrowing capacity of the facility. As of March 31, 2025, there were no cash borrowings and no letters of credit outstanding under the credit facility. In addition, Entergy New Orleans is a party to an uncommitted letter of credit facility as a means to post collateral to support its obligations to MISO. As of March 31, 2025, a $0.5 million letter of credit was outstanding under Entergy New Orleans’s uncommitted letter of credit facility. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of the credit facilities.

State and Local Rate Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – State and Local Rate Regulation” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of state and local rate regulation. The following is an update to that discussion.

Retail Rates

2025 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2025, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing. The 2024 evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 10.98% and a gas earned return on equity of 8.96% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Without adjustments, this would result in a decrease in electric rates of $13.8 million and no change in gas rates. The decrease in electric rates is driven by the realignment of regulatory liabilities into the formula from a separate rate mechanism, partially offset by the cost of known and measurable electric capital additions. The filing also commences the previously authorized recovery of certain regulatory costs and requests a revenue-neutral recovery to offset a proposed reduction in bill payment late fees. Taking into account these proposed adjustments, the filing presents a decrease in authorized electric revenues of $8.6 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $0.5 million. The filing is subject to a 75-day review period, followed by a 25-day period to resolve any disputes among the parties. For any disputed rate adjustments, however, the City Council would set a procedural schedule to resolve. Resulting rates will be effective with the first billing cycle of September 2025 pursuant to the formula rate plan tariff.

Federal Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Federal Regulation” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of federal regulation.

Nuclear Matters

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Nuclear Matters” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of nuclear matters.

Entergy New Orleans, LLC and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Environmental Risks

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Environmental Risks” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of environmental risks.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Critical Accounting Estimates” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of the estimates and judgments necessary in Entergy New Orleans’s accounting for utility regulatory accounting, taxation and uncertain tax positions, qualified pension and other postretirement benefits, and other contingencies.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Note 1 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Entergy Corporation and Subsidiaries Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis herein for updates to the discussion of new accounting pronouncements.

ENTERGY NEW ORLEANS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING REVENUES
Electric$138,925$156,941
Natural gas42,13036,020
TOTAL181,055192,961
OPERATING EXPENSES
Operation and Maintenance:
Fuel, fuel-related expenses, and gas purchased for resale12,36330,825
Purchased power67,74160,382
Other operation and maintenance38,65843,332
Taxes other than income taxes14,89315,422
Depreciation and amortization21,84520,914
Other regulatory charges (credits) - net(3,430)81,520
TOTAL152,070252,395
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS)28,985(59,434)
OTHER INCOME
Allowance for equity funds used during construction306378
Interest and investment income434141
Miscellaneous - net(579)(29)
TOTAL161490
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense13,4759,526
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction(167)(157)
TOTAL13,3089,369
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES15,838(68,313)
Income taxes3,739(19,333)
NET INCOME (LOSS)$12,099($48,980)
See Notes to Financial Statements.

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ENTERGY NEW ORLEANS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income (loss)$12,099($48,980)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash flow provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization21,84520,914
Deferred income taxes, investment tax credits, and non-current taxes accrued(31,821)(25,534)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables10,089(89,009)
Fuel inventory156638
Accounts payable(10,252)(19,282)
Prepaid taxes and taxes accrued35,1398,632
Interest accrued2,4361,132
Deferred fuel costs(10,659)369
Other working capital accounts(12,165)(10,924)
Provisions for estimated losses(10,339)1,758
Other regulatory assets6,0589,257
Other regulatory liabilities(11,514)166,532
Pension and other postretirement funded status(2,637)(1,896)
Other assets and liabilities4,154(4,468)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities2,5899,139
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Construction expenditures(32,915)(32,418)
Allowance for equity funds used during construction306378
Change in money pool receivable - net597—
Receipt from storm reserve escrow account10,333—
Payments to storm reserve escrow account(870)(1,877)
Changes in securitization account698(2,976)
Net cash flow used in investing activities(21,851)(36,893)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt79,717—
Retirement of long-term debt(78,000)—
Change in money pool payable - net—28,125
Other(306)(371)
Net cash flow provided by financing activities1,41127,754
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(17,851)—
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period31,77726
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$13,926$26
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest - net of amount capitalized$10,795$8,047
Noncash investing activities:
Accrued construction expenditures$3,550$4,941
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY NEW ORLEANS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash$34$374
Temporary cash investments13,89231,403
Total cash and cash equivalents13,92631,777
Securitization recovery trust account9131,611
Accounts receivable:
Customer67,88865,731
Allowance for doubtful accounts(6,343)(6,735)
Associated companies4,4405,844
Other3,7339,467
Accrued unbilled revenues27,19933,296
Total accounts receivable96,917107,603
Deferred fuel costs11,918—
Fuel inventory - at average cost1,251320
Materials and supplies28,24425,516
Current assets held for sale11,21813,100
Prepayments and other19,83412,128
TOTAL184,221192,055
OTHER PROPERTY AND INVESTMENTS
Storm reserve escrow account74,27983,742
Other832832
TOTAL75,11184,574
UTILITY PLANT
Electric2,156,5062,160,165
Natural gas43,39643,279
Construction work in progress36,50118,269
TOTAL UTILITY PLANT2,236,4032,221,713
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization778,749768,305
UTILITY PLANT - NET1,457,6541,453,408
DEFERRED DEBITS AND OTHER ASSETS
Regulatory assets:
Other regulatory assets127,473133,261
Deferred fuel costs4,0804,080
Non-current assets held for sale286,317284,738
Other74,78271,037
TOTAL492,652493,116
TOTAL ASSETS$2,209,638$2,223,153
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY NEW ORLEANS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Currently maturing long-term debt$80,000$78,000
Payable due to associated company1,1401,140
Accounts payable:
Associated companies44,41345,479
Other35,24943,750
Customer deposits28,90528,834
Taxes accrued43,9098,786
Interest accrued11,1078,671
Deferred fuel costs—980
Other14,09614,427
TOTAL258,819230,067
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accumulated deferred income taxes and taxes accrued170,511201,541
Accumulated deferred investment tax credits15,59115,617
Regulatory liability for income taxes - net14,93415,000
Other regulatory liabilities248,372260,312
Accumulated provisions79,95490,293
Long-term debt650,351650,463
Long-term payable due to associated company5,8645,864
Other55,54256,395
TOTAL1,241,1191,295,485
Commitments and Contingencies
EQUITY
Member's equity709,700697,601
TOTAL709,700697,601
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$2,209,638$2,223,153
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY NEW ORLEANS, LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN MEMBER'S EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
Member's Equity
(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023$806,754
Net loss(48,980)
Balance at March 31, 2024$757,774
Balance at December 31, 2024$697,601
Net income12,099
Balance at March 31, 2025$709,700
See Notes to Financial Statements.

ENTERGY TEXAS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Results of Operations

Net Income

Net income increased $30.1 million primarily due to higher volume/weather, higher retail electric price, and higher other income, partially offset by higher interest expense and higher taxes other than income taxes.

Operating Revenues

Following is an analysis of the change in operating revenues comparing the first quarter 2025 to the first quarter 2024:

Amount
(In Millions)
2024 operating revenues$444.5
Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income(35.8)
Retail electric price11.2
Volume/weather22.0
2025 operating revenues$441.9

Entergy Texas’s results include revenues from rate mechanisms designed to recover fuel, purchased power, and other costs such that the revenues and expenses associated with these items generally offset and do not affect net income. “Fuel, rider, and other revenues that do not significantly affect net income” includes the revenue variance associated with these items.

The retail electric price variance is primarily due to the implementation of the distribution cost recovery factor rider effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024 and an increase in the distribution cost recovery factor rider effective in late December 2024. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the distribution cost recovery factor rider filings.

The volume/weather variance is primarily due to the effect of more favorable weather on residential sales, an increase in weather-adjusted residential usage, and an increase in commercial usage. The increase in weather-adjusted residential usage and the increase in commercial usage are primarily due to an increase in customers.

Entergy Texas, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Total electric energy sales for Entergy Texas for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 are as follows:

20252024% Change
(GWh)
Residential1,5591,31119
Commercial1,1101,0832
Industrial2,1602,0535
Governmental6363—
Total retail4,8924,5108
Sales for resale:
Non-associated companies52117(56)
Total4,9444,6277

See Note 12 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of Entergy Texas’s operating revenues.

Other Income Statement Variances

Other operation and maintenance expenses decreased primarily due to contract costs of $2.0 million, in first quarter 2024, related to operational performance, customer service, and organizational health initiatives and a decrease of $1.9 million in non-nuclear generation expenses primarily due to a lower scope of work performed in 2025 as compared to 2024.

Taxes other than income taxes increased primarily due to increases in ad valorem taxes resulting from higher assessments.

Depreciation and amortization expenses decreased primarily due to the recognition of $13.8 million in depreciation expense in first quarter 2024 for the 2022 base rate case relate back period, effective over six months beginning January 2024. The recognition of depreciation expense for the relate back period was effective over the same period as collections from the relate back surcharge rider and resulted in no effect on net income. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the 2022 base rate case. The decrease was partially offset by additions to plant in service.

Other income increased primarily due to an increase in the allowance for equity funds used during construction due to higher construction work in progress in 2025, including the Orange County Advanced Power Station project and the Legend Power Station project.

Interest expense increased primarily due to:

  • the issuance of $350 million of 5.55% Series mortgage bonds in August 2024;

  • carrying costs of $3.4 million, recorded in first quarter 2025, related to the interim fuel refund. The recognition of carrying costs is effective over the same period as the interim fuel refund and results in no effect on net income. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the interim fuel refund; and

  • the issuance of $500 million of 5.25% Series mortgage bonds in February 2025.

The increase was partially offset by an increase in the allowance for borrowed funds used during construction due to higher construction work in progress in 2025, including the Orange County Advanced Power Station project and the Legend Power Station project.

Entergy Texas, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 15.6% for the first quarter 2025. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2025 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to book and tax differences related to the allowance for equity funds used during construction and certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items.

The effective income tax rate was 19.1% for the first quarter 2024. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2024 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to book and tax differences related to the allowance for equity funds used during construction and certain book and tax differences related to utility plant items, partially offset by the accrual for state income taxes.

Income Tax Legislation and Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Income Tax Legislation and Regulation” in the Form 10-K for discussion of income tax legislation and regulation.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

20252024
(In Thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$184,997$21,986
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities61,794110,907
Investing activities(440,985)34,303
Financing activities492,32910,740
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents113,138155,950
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$298,135$177,936

Operating Activities

Net cash flow provided by operating activities decreased $49.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the timing of recovery of fuel and purchased power costs, an increase of $38.7 million in interest paid, higher fuel and purchased power payments, and lower collections from customers. The decrease was partially offset by the timing of payments to vendors. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of fuel and purchased power cost recovery.

Investing Activities

Entergy Texas’s investing activities used $441.0 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to providing $34.3 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the following activity:

  • money pool activity;

  • an increase of $131.5 million in non-nuclear generation construction expenditures primarily due to higher spending on the Legend Power Station project and the Orange County Advanced Power Station project;

Entergy Texas, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

  • an increase of $52 million in transmission construction expenditures primarily due to increased spending on various transmission projects in 2025 and higher capital expenditures as a result of increased development in Entergy Texas’s service area; and

  • a decrease of $17.9 million in information technology capital expenditures primarily due to decreased spending on various technology projects in 2025.

Increases in Entergy Texas’s receivable from the money pool are a use of cash flow, and Entergy Texas’s receivable from the money pool increased $36.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to decreasing by $267.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The money pool is an intercompany cash management program that makes possible intercompany borrowing and lending arrangements, and the money pool and other borrowing arrangements are designed to reduce the Registrant Subsidiaries’ dependence on external short-term borrowings.

Financing Activities

Net cash flow provided by financing activities increased $481.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the issuance of $500 million of 5.25% Series mortgage bonds in February 2025, partially offset by a decrease of $12.4 million in advance payments from customers for construction related to transmission, distribution, and generator interconnection agreements. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein and Note 5 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for more details on long-term debt.

Capital Structure

Entergy Texas’s debt to capital ratio is shown in the following table. The increase in the debt to capital ratio for Entergy Texas is primarily due to the net issuance of long-term debt in 2025.

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Debt to capital54.4%51.6%
Effect of excluding securitization bonds(1.6%)(1.7%)
Debt to capital, excluding securitization bonds (non-GAAP) (a)52.8%49.9%
Effect of subtracting cash(2.0%)(1.5%)
Net debt to net capital, excluding securitization bonds (non-GAAP) (a)50.8%48.4%

(a)Calculation excludes the securitization bonds, which are non-recourse to Entergy Texas.

Net debt consists of debt less cash and cash equivalents. Debt consists of finance lease obligations and long-term debt, including the currently maturing portion. Capital consists of debt and equity. Net capital consists of capital less cash and cash equivalents. The debt to capital ratio excluding securitization bonds and net debt to net capital ratio excluding securitization bonds are non-GAAP measures. Entergy Texas uses the debt to capital ratios excluding securitization bonds in analyzing its financial condition and believes they provide useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Texas’s financial condition because the securitization bonds are non-recourse to Entergy Texas, as more fully described in Note 5 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K. Entergy Texas also uses the net debt to net capital ratio excluding securitization bonds in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating Entergy Texas’s financial condition because net debt indicates Entergy Texas’s outstanding debt position that could not be readily satisfied by cash and cash equivalents on hand.

Entergy Texas, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Uses and Sources of Capital

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of Entergy Texas’s uses and sources of capital. The following are updates to the information provided in the Form 10-K.

Recent announcements of changes to international trade policy and tariffs and further similar changes may impact Entergy Texas’s business, operations, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. Potential impacts may include increases in costs associated with Entergy Texas’s capital investments or operations and maintenance expenses; operational impacts, such as supply chain, manufacturing or raw materials sourcing disruptions which may affect Entergy Texas’s ability to make planned capital investments as and when expected and needed; legal uncertainties, such as potential legal or other challenges to presidential tariff authority; or broader economic risks, including shifting customer demand, impacts on customer investment decisions, and volatile or uncertain credit and capital markets, which may affect Entergy Texas’s ability to access needed capital. The nature and extent of any such effects will depend on, among other things, the specifics of the changes that are ultimately implemented both domestically and internationally, the responses of vendors, suppliers, and other counterparties to those changes, indirect effects on the price and availability of non-tariffed goods, and the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

Entergy Texas’s receivables from the money pool were as follows:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(In Thousands)
$54,681$18,504$50,244$317,882

See Note 4 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a description of the money pool.

Entergy Texas has a credit facility in the amount of $300 million scheduled to expire in June 2029. The credit facility includes fronting commitments for the issuance of letters of credit against $25 million of the borrowing capacity of the facility. As of March 31, 2025, there were no cash borrowings and $1.1 million in letters of credit outstanding under the credit facility. In addition, Entergy Texas is a party to an uncommitted letter of credit facility as a means to post collateral to support its obligations to MISO. As of March 31, 2025, $105.4 million in letters of credit were outstanding under Entergy Texas’s uncommitted letter of credit facility. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of the credit facilities.

Legend Power Station and Lone Star Power Station

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in June 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application seeking PUCT approval to amend Entergy Texas’s certificate of convenience and necessity to construct, own, and operate the Legend Power Station, a 754 MW combined-cycle combustion turbine facility, which will be enabled for future carbon capture and storage and for hydrogen co-firing optionality, to be located in Jefferson County, Texas, and the Lone Star Power Station, a 453 MW simple-cycle combustion turbine facility, which will be enabled with hydrogen co-firing optionality, to be located in Liberty County, Texas. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2025. Also in April 2025, Entergy Texas, intervenors, and the PUCT staff filed initial briefs. In its initial brief, the PUCT staff recommends denial of Entergy Texas’s application or, in the alternative, approval subject to conditions that include a prudence review by an external consultant if actual project costs exceed estimated costs by more than 10%, transmission cost reporting, and weatherization of both the Legend Power Station and the Lone Star Power Station. Certain intervenors requested that the PUCT impose various conditions upon the approval of the resources, including, among others, cost recovery limitations, a direction that Entergy Texas initiate a competitive tariff proceeding to facilitate industrial sleeving, a requirement for additional regulatory approvals related to hydrogen or carbon capture and storage implementation, limits on the recovery of supplemental filing costs, and calculation of

Entergy Texas, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

AFUDC based on an adjusted weighted average cost of capital. Reply briefs are due in May 2025. A PUCT decision is expected in third quarter 2025. Subject to receipt of required regulatory approval and other conditions, both facilities are expected to be in service by mid-2028.

SETEX Area Reliability Project

In February 2025, Entergy Texas filed an application seeking PUCT approval to amend Entergy Texas’s certificate of convenience and necessity to construct, own, and operate a new single-circuit 500 kV transmission line and associated stations and 138/230 kV facilities. The transmission line is expected to be approximately 131 to 160 miles in length and the estimated cost of the project ranges from $1.3 billion to $1.5 billion, depending upon the route ultimately approved by the PUCT. Also in February 2025 the PUCT referred the proceeding to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. In March 2025 the ALJs with the State Office of Administrative Hearings adopted a procedural schedule with a hearing on the merits to be held in May 2025. A PUCT decision is expected in third quarter 2025. Subject to receipt of required regulatory approval and other conditions and approvals, construction of the project is expected to be completed by the end of 2029.

State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel-Cost Recovery

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - State and Local Rate Regulation and Fuel-Cost Recovery” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of state and local rate regulation and fuel-cost recovery. The following are updates to that discussion.

Retail Rates

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In April 2025, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $77.8 million annually, or $29.3 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between July 1, 2024 and December 31, 2024, including distribution-related restoration costs associated with Hurricane Beryl.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its TCRF rider, which was previously reset to zero in June 2023 as a result of the 2022 base rate case. The amended rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. In April 2025 the PUCT approved the TCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective for usage on and after April 7, 2025.

Federal Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Federal Regulation” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of federal regulation.

Nuclear Matters

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Nuclear Matters” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of nuclear matters.

Entergy Texas, Inc. and Subsidiaries

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Industrial and Commercial Customers

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Industrial and Commercial Customers” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of industrial and commercial customers.

Environmental Risks

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Environmental Risks” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of environmental risks.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Critical Accounting Estimates” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of the estimates and judgments necessary in Entergy Texas’s accounting for utility regulatory accounting, taxation and uncertain tax positions, qualified pension and other postretirement benefits, and other contingencies.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Note 1 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Entergy Corporation and Subsidiaries Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis herein for updates to the discussion of new accounting pronouncements.

ENTERGY TEXAS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENTS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING REVENUES
Electric$441,939$444,491
OPERATING EXPENSES
Operation and Maintenance:
Fuel, fuel-related expenses, and gas purchased for resale24,39296,137
Purchased power132,61894,343
Other operation and maintenance74,45577,960
Taxes other than income taxes30,62724,567
Depreciation and amortization80,68089,505
Other regulatory charges (credits) - net3,257(975)
TOTAL346,029381,537
OPERATING INCOME95,91062,954
OTHER INCOME
Allowance for equity funds used during construction17,3729,248
Interest and investment income2,7593,904
Miscellaneous - net(1,154)(2,312)
TOTAL18,97710,840
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense43,07231,966
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction(7,385)(3,602)
TOTAL35,68728,364
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES79,20045,430
Income taxes12,3448,686
NET INCOME66,85636,744
Preferred dividend requirements518518
EARNINGS APPLICABLE TO COMMON STOCK$66,338$36,226
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY TEXAS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income$66,856$36,744
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization80,68089,505
Deferred income taxes, investment tax credits, and non-current taxes accrued7,1831,438
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables23,27313,059
Fuel inventory5,5511,009
Accounts payable12,130(17,830)
Taxes accrued(39,088)(28,917)
Interest accrued(22,416)5,287
Deferred fuel costs(57,024)38,863
Other working capital accounts19(11,186)
Provisions for estimated losses(560)(1,358)
Other regulatory assets27,90724,181
Other regulatory liabilities(6,314)(7,959)
Pension and other postretirement funded status(4,037)(4,648)
Other assets and liabilities(32,366)(27,281)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities61,794110,907
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Construction expenditures(416,045)(235,625)
Allowance for equity funds used during construction17,3729,248
Changes in money pool receivable - net(36,177)267,638
Changes in securitization account(6,135)(5,958)
Increase in other investments—(1,000)
Net cash flow provided by (used in) investing activities(440,985)34,303
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt494,300—
Preferred stock dividends paid(518)(518)
Other(1,453)11,258
Net cash flow provided by financing activities492,32910,740
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents113,138155,950
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period184,99721,986
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$298,135$177,936
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period for:
Interest - net of amount capitalized$64,646$25,940
Income taxes$—$2,447
Noncash investing activities:
Accrued construction expenditures$198,271$276,548
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY TEXAS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash$120$291
Temporary cash investments298,015184,706
Total cash and cash equivalents298,135184,997
Securitization recovery trust account8,8382,703
Accounts receivable:
Customer80,78784,842
Allowance for doubtful accounts(1,126)(1,304)
Associated companies61,11126,564
Other30,53543,773
Accrued unbilled revenues69,53274,060
Total accounts receivable240,839227,935
Fuel inventory - at average cost40,41945,970
Materials and supplies155,043157,241
Prepayments and other33,14634,803
TOTAL776,420653,649
OTHER PROPERTY AND INVESTMENTS
Investments in affiliates - at equity96107
Other15,96815,878
TOTAL16,06415,985
UTILITY PLANT
Electric8,692,5648,628,625
Construction work in progress1,841,3531,513,170
TOTAL UTILITY PLANT10,533,91710,141,795
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization2,609,7362,548,961
UTILITY PLANT - NET7,924,1817,592,834
DEFERRED DEBITS AND OTHER ASSETS
Regulatory assets:
Other regulatory assets (includes securitization property of $230,065 as of March 31, 2025 and $234,112 as of December 31, 2024)521,801549,708
Other176,574157,904
TOTAL698,375707,612
TOTAL ASSETS$9,415,040$8,970,080
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY TEXAS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accounts payable:
Associated companies$58,411$65,335
Other380,109361,404
Customer deposits40,23240,782
Taxes accrued37,38576,474
Interest accrued16,28738,703
Deferred fuel costs2,24759,271
Other17,57720,836
TOTAL552,248662,805
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accumulated deferred income taxes and taxes accrued885,116868,849
Accumulated deferred investment tax credits7,0287,215
Regulatory liability for income taxes - net87,90993,766
Other regulatory liabilities18,24818,705
Asset retirement cost liabilities14,49817,688
Accumulated provisions9,4259,985
Long-term debt (includes securitization bonds of $239,713 as of March 31, 2025 and $239,622 as of December 31, 2024)4,047,3763,552,443
Other385,642397,412
TOTAL5,455,2424,966,063
Commitments and Contingencies
EQUITY
Common stock, no par value, authorized 200,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 46,525,000 shares in 2025 and 202449,45249,452
Paid-in capital1,200,1251,200,125
Retained earnings2,119,2232,052,885
Total common shareholder's equity3,368,8003,302,462
Preferred stock without sinking fund38,75038,750
TOTAL3,407,5503,341,212
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$9,415,040$8,970,080
See Notes to Financial Statements.
ENTERGY TEXAS, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
Common Equity
Preferred StockCommon StockPaid-in CapitalRetained EarningsTotal
(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023$38,750$49,452$1,200,125$1,830,335$3,118,662
Net income———36,74436,744
Preferred stock dividends———(518)(518)
Balance at March 31, 2024$38,750$49,452$1,200,125$1,866,561$3,154,888
Balance at December 31, 2024$38,750$49,452$1,200,125$2,052,885$3,341,212
Net income———66,85666,856
Preferred stock dividends———(518)(518)
Balance at March 31, 2025$38,750$49,452$1,200,125$2,119,223$3,407,550
See Notes to Financial Statements.

SYSTEM ENERGY RESOURCES, INC.

MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

System Energy’s principal asset consists of an ownership interest and a leasehold interest in Grand Gulf. The capacity and energy from its 90% interest is sold under the Unit Power Sales Agreement to its only four customers, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy’s operating revenues are derived from the allocation of the capacity, energy, and related costs associated with its 90% interest in Grand Gulf pursuant to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. Payments under the Unit Power Sales Agreement are System Energy’s only source of operating revenues. As discussed in “Complaints Against System Energy**”** in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement have been the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC, and these settlements have been approved by the FERC.

Results of Operations

Net Income

Net income decreased $7.7 million primarily due a lower rate of return on rate base, including the effects of lower authorized rate of return on equity and capital structure limitations reflected in monthly bills issued to Entergy New Orleans effective with the June 2024 service month per the settlement agreement with the City Council and the lower authorized rate of return on equity and capital structure limitations reflected in monthly bills issued to Entergy Louisiana effective with the September 2024 service month per the settlement with the LPSC. The decrease was partially offset by higher operating revenues resulting from an increase in rate base. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlements with the City Council and the LPSC.

Income Taxes

The effective income tax rate was 21.2% for the first quarter 2025. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2025 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to the accrual for state income taxes, partially offset by book and tax differences related to utility plant items.

The effective income tax rate was 20.5% for the first quarter 2024. The difference in the effective income tax rate for the first quarter 2024 versus the federal statutory rate of 21% was primarily due to book and tax differences related to the allowance for equity funds used during construction, partially offset by the accrual for state income taxes.

Income Tax Legislation and Regulation

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Income Tax Legislation and Regulation” in the Form 10-K for discussion of income tax legislation and regulation.

System Energy Resources, Inc.

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flow

Cash flows for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 were as follows:

20252024
(In Thousands)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period$28,908$60
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities45,16470,339
Investing activities(22,540)(188,259)
Financing activities(48,963)229,361
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(26,339)111,441
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$2,569$111,501

Operating Activities

Net cash flow provided by operating activities decreased $25.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to the timing of collections from customers, partially offset by a decrease of $6.6 million in spending on nuclear refueling outage costs in 2025 as compared to 2024.

Investing Activities

Net cash flow used in investing activities decreased $165.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to a decrease in cash used of $123.5 million as a result of fluctuations in nuclear fuel activity due to variations from year to year in the timing and pricing of fuel reload requirements, material and services deliveries, and the timing of cash payments during the nuclear fuel cycle and money pool activity.

Decreases in System Energy’s receivable from the money pool are a source of cash flow and System Energy’s receivable from the money pool decreased $2.4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to increasing by $31.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The money pool is an intercompany cash management program that makes possible intercompany borrowing and lending arrangements, and the money pool and other borrowing arrangements are designed to reduce the Registrant Subsidiaries’ dependence on external short-term borrowings.

Financing Activities

System Energy’s financing activities used $49 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to providing $229.4 million of cash for the three months ended March 31, 2024 primarily due to:

  • a capital contribution of $150 million received from Entergy Corporation in January 2024 in order to maintain System Energy’s capital structure;

  • net repayments of $13.8 million in 2025 compared to net long-term borrowings of $91.7 million in 2024 on the nuclear fuel company variable interest entity’s credit facility; and

  • $35 million in common stock dividends and distributions paid in 2025. No common stock dividends or distributions were paid in 2024 in anticipation of the settlements with the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council.

System Energy Resources, Inc.

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Capital Structure

System Energy’s debt to capital ratio is shown in the following table.

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024
Debt to capital52.9%52.9%
Effect of subtracting cash(0.1%)(0.7%)
Net debt to net capital (non-GAAP)52.8%52.2%

Net debt consists of debt less cash and cash equivalents. Debt consists of short-term borrowings and long-term debt, including the currently maturing portion. Capital consists of debt and common equity. Net capital consists of capital less cash and cash equivalents. System Energy uses the debt to capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating System Energy’s financial condition. The net debt to net capital ratio is a non-GAAP measure. System Energy uses the net debt to net capital ratio in analyzing its financial condition and believes it provides useful information to its investors and creditors in evaluating System Energy’s financial condition because net debt indicates System Energy’s outstanding debt position that could not be readily satisfied by cash and cash equivalents on hand.

Uses and Sources of Capital

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Liquidity and Capital Resources” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of System Energy’s uses and sources of capital. The following are updates to the information provided in the Form 10-K.

Recent announcements of changes to international trade policy and tariffs and further similar changes may impact System Energy’s business, operations, results of operations, and liquidity and capital resources. Potential impacts may include increases in costs associated with System Energy’s capital investments or operations and maintenance expenses; operational impacts, such as supply chain, manufacturing or raw materials sourcing disruptions which may affect System Energy’s ability to make planned capital investments as and when expected and needed; legal uncertainties, such as potential legal or other challenges to presidential tariff authority; or broader economic risks, including shifting customer demand, impacts on customer investment decisions, and volatile or uncertain credit and capital markets, which may affect System Energy’s ability to access needed capital. The nature and extent of any such effects will depend on, among other things, the specifics of the changes that are ultimately implemented both domestically and internationally, the responses of vendors, suppliers, and other counterparties to those changes, indirect effects on the price and availability of non-tariffed goods, and the effectiveness of mitigation measures.

System Energy’s receivables from or (payables to) the money pool were as follows:

March 31, 2025December 31, 2024March 31, 2024December 31, 2023
(In Thousands)
$443$2,851$31,456($12,246)

See Note 4 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a description of the money pool.

The System Energy nuclear fuel company variable interest entity has a credit facility in the amount of $120 million scheduled to expire in June 2027. As of March 31, 2025, $58.9 million in loans were outstanding under the System Energy nuclear fuel company variable interest entity credit facility. See Note 4 to the financial statements herein for additional discussion of the variable interest entity credit facility.

System Energy Resources, Inc.

Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis

Federal Regulation

See the “Rate, Cost-recovery, and Other Regulation - Federal Regulation” section of Entergy Corporation and Subsidiaries Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis in the Form 10-K and Note 2 to the financial statements herein and in the Form 10-K for a discussion of federal regulation.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy and the settlements approved by the FERC that resolved all significant aspects of these complaints. The following is an update to that discussion.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in February 2023, System Energy submitted a tariff compliance filing with the FERC to clarify that, consistent with the releases provided in the June 2022 MPSC settlement, Entergy Mississippi would continue to be charged for its allocation of the sale-leaseback renewal costs under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In March 2023 the MPSC filed a protest to System Energy’s tariff compliance filing. The MPSC argued that the settlement did not specifically address post-settlement sale-leaseback renewal costs and that the sale-leaseback renewal costs may not be recovered under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In February 2025, System Energy and the MPSC resolved their dispute concerning the sale-leaseback renewal costs. As a result, the MPSC withdrew its protest at the FERC on System Energy’s tariff compliance filing. Entergy Mississippi will continue to pay the allocated sale-leaseback renewal costs of approximately $5.7 million annually and there are no refunds due for prior periods. In March 2025, System Energy filed a status report with the FERC explaining that the dispute is resolved.

Nuclear Matters

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Nuclear Matters” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of nuclear matters.

Environmental Risks

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS – Environmental Risks” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of environmental risks.

Critical Accounting Estimates

See “MANAGEMENT’S FINANCIAL DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS - Critical Accounting Estimates” in the Form 10-K for a discussion of the estimates and judgments necessary in System Energy’s accounting for nuclear decommissioning costs, utility regulatory accounting, taxation and uncertain tax positions, qualified pension and other postretirement benefits, and other contingencies.

New Accounting Pronouncements

See the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Note 1 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for a discussion of new accounting pronouncements and the “New Accounting Pronouncements” section of Entergy Corporation and Subsidiaries Management’s Financial Discussion and Analysis herein for updates to the discussion of new accounting pronouncements.

SYSTEM ENERGY RESOURCES, INC.
INCOME STATEMENTS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING REVENUES
Electric$141,811$152,620
OPERATING EXPENSES
Operation and Maintenance:
Fuel, fuel-related expenses, and gas purchased for resale14,81613,117
Nuclear refueling outage expenses4,0906,661
Other operation and maintenance43,47951,423
Decommissioning11,14410,707
Taxes other than income taxes6,8047,209
Depreciation and amortization30,76429,678
Other regulatory charges (credits) - net93(4,973)
TOTAL111,190113,822
OPERATING INCOME30,62138,798
OTHER INCOME
Allowance for equity funds used during construction1,6032,434
Interest and investment income12,4397,973
Miscellaneous - net237237
TOTAL14,27910,644
INTEREST EXPENSE
Interest expense16,02211,171
Allowance for borrowed funds used during construction(787)(859)
TOTAL15,23510,312
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES29,66539,130
Income taxes6,2768,012
NET INCOME$23,389$31,118
See Notes to Financial Statements.

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SYSTEM ENERGY RESOURCES, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income$23,389$31,118
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flow provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, amortization, and decommissioning, including nuclear fuel amortization54,64951,714
Deferred income taxes, investment tax credits, and non-current taxes accrued2,48011,452
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Receivables(5,944)8,832
Accounts payable(23,848)116,460
Taxes accrued(11,689)(14,091)
Interest accrued5,517883
Other working capital accounts963(25,431)
Other regulatory assets2,695(5,358)
Other regulatory liabilities(45,323)(23,057)
Pension and other postretirement funded status(3,799)(3,806)
Other assets and liabilities46,074(78,377)
Net cash flow provided by operating activities45,16470,339
INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Construction expenditures(26,431)(39,563)
Allowance for equity funds used during construction1,6032,434
Nuclear fuel purchases(20,123)(111,959)
Proceeds from sale of nuclear fuel31,686—
Decrease in other investments—23
Proceeds from nuclear decommissioning trust fund sales182,871136,035
Investment in nuclear decommissioning trust funds(194,554)(143,773)
Changes in money pool receivable - net2,408(31,456)
Net cash flow used in investing activities(22,540)(188,259)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from the issuance of long-term debt174,877233,933
Retirement of long-term debt(188,840)(142,326)
Capital contribution from parent—150,000
Change in money pool payable - net—(12,246)
Common stock dividends and distributions paid(35,000)—
Net cash flow provided by (used in) financing activities(48,963)229,361
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents(26,339)111,441
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period28,90860
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period$2,569$111,501
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid (received) during the period for:
Interest - net of amount capitalized$10,378$10,357
Income taxes$—($2,326)
Noncash investing activities:
Accrued construction expenditures$5,424$48,856
See Notes to Financial Statements.
SYSTEM ENERGY RESOURCES, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
ASSETS
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash$155$448
Temporary cash investments2,41428,460
Total cash and cash equivalents2,56928,908
Accounts receivable:
Associated companies53,12248,134
Other3,9735,425
Total accounts receivable57,09553,559
Materials and supplies163,069163,814
Deferred nuclear refueling outage costs15,92719,884
Prepayments and other9,5155,768
TOTAL248,175271,933
OTHER PROPERTY AND INVESTMENTS
Decommissioning trust funds1,497,3371,529,059
TOTAL1,497,3371,529,059
UTILITY PLANT
Electric5,667,1765,668,253
Construction work in progress110,88385,127
Nuclear fuel178,151220,044
TOTAL UTILITY PLANT5,956,2105,973,424
Less - accumulated depreciation and amortization3,608,1363,578,709
UTILITY PLANT - NET2,348,0742,394,715
DEFERRED DEBITS AND OTHER ASSETS
Regulatory assets:
Other regulatory assets423,799426,494
Other22,03320,273
TOTAL445,832446,767
TOTAL ASSETS$4,539,418$4,642,474
See Notes to Financial Statements.
SYSTEM ENERGY RESOURCES, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024
(Unaudited)
20252024
(In Thousands)
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Currently maturing long-term debt$200,112$200,090
Accounts payable:
Associated companies5,24818,477
Other17,40845,017
Taxes accrued4,16315,852
Interest accrued18,85913,342
Other4,4754,473
TOTAL250,265297,251
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Accumulated deferred income taxes and taxes accrued456,917451,830
Accumulated deferred investment tax credits42,61442,984
Regulatory liability for income taxes - net104,065105,467
Other regulatory liabilities703,269747,190
Decommissioning1,138,8571,127,712
Pension and other postretirement liabilities6,3168,353
Long-term debt876,685889,646
Other22
TOTAL3,328,7253,373,184
Commitments and Contingencies
COMMON EQUITY
Common stock, no par value, authorized 1,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding 789,350 shares in 2025 and 2024938,944958,944
Retained earnings21,48413,095
TOTAL960,428972,039
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY$4,539,418$4,642,474
See Notes to Financial Statements.
SYSTEM ENERGY RESOURCES, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN COMMON EQUITY
For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025 and 2024
(Unaudited)
Common StockRetained Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)Total
(In Thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2023$916,850($28,311)$888,539
Net income—31,11831,118
Capital contribution from parent150,000—150,000
Balance at March 31, 2024$1,066,850$2,807$1,069,657
Balance at December 31, 2024$958,944$13,095$972,039
Net income—23,38923,389
Common stock dividends and distributions(20,000)(15,000)(35,000)
Balance at March 31, 2025$938,944$21,484$960,428
See Notes to Financial Statements.

ENTERGY CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

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