Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Freeport-McMoRan Inc.’s (the Company’s) management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) or 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Company’s principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Company’s Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:

•Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the Company’s assets;
•Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and
•Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of the end of the fiscal year covered by this annual report on Form 10-K. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Based on our management’s assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2015, our Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective based on the COSO criteria.

Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, who audited the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, which is included herein.

/s/ Richard C. Adkerson/s/ Kathleen L. Quirk
Richard C. AdkersonKathleen L. Quirk
Vice Chairman of the Board,Executive Vice President,
President and Chief Executive OfficerChief Financial Officer and Treasurer

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS OF

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

We have audited Freeport-McMoRan Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). Freeport-McMoRan Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Freeport-McMoRan Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Freeport-McMoRan Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015, and our report dated February 26, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Phoenix, Arizona

February 26, 2016

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

TO THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS AND STOCKHOLDERS OF

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Freeport-McMoRan Inc. as of December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Freeport-McMoRan Inc. at December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2015, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Freeport-McMoRan Inc.'s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2015, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 26, 2016 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Phoenix, Arizona

February 26, 2016

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

Years Ended December 31,
201520142013
(In millions, except per share amounts)
Revenues$15,877$21,438$20,921
Cost of sales:
Production and delivery11,54511,89811,837
Depreciation, depletion and amortization3,4973,8632,797
Impairment of oil and gas properties13,1443,737—
Copper and molybdenum inventory adjustments33863
Total cost of sales28,52419,50414,637
Selling, general and administrative expenses569592657
Mining exploration and research expenses127126210
Environmental obligations and shutdown costs7811966
Goodwill impairment—1,717—
Net gain on sales of assets(39)(717)—
Total costs and expenses29,25921,34115,570
Operating (loss) income(13,382)975,351
Interest expense, net(645)(630)(518)
Net gain (loss) on early extinguishment of debt—73(35)
Gain on investment in McMoRan Exploration Co. (MMR)——128
Other income (expense), net636(13)
(Loss) income before income taxes and equity in affiliated companies' net (losses) earnings(14,021)(424)4,913
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes1,935(324)(1,475)
Equity in affiliated companies’ net (losses) earnings(3)33
Net (loss) income(12,089)(745)3,441
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(106)(523)(761)
Preferred dividends attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest(41)(40)(22)
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(12,236)$(1,308)$2,658
Net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic$(11.31)$(1.26)$2.65
Diluted$(11.31)$(1.26)$2.64
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic1,0821,0391,002
Diluted1,0821,0391,006
Dividends declared per share of common stock$0.2605$1.25$2.25

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

Years Ended December 31,
201520142013
(In millions)
Net (loss) income$(12,089)$(745)$3,441
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of taxes:
Defined benefit plans:
Actuarial (losses) gains arising during the period(5)(166)73
Prior service costs arising during the period——(21)
Amortization of unrecognized amounts included in net periodic benefit costs382530
Foreign exchange gains8112
Translation adjustments and unrealized losses on securities—(1)4
Other comprehensive income (loss)41(141)98
Total comprehensive (loss) income(12,048)(886)3,539
Total comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests(106)(521)(758)
Preferred dividends attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest(41)(40)(22)
Total comprehensive (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(12,195)$(1,447)$2,759

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

Years Ended December 31,
201520142013
(In millions)
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net (loss) income$(12,089)$(745)$3,441
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization3,4973,8632,797
Impairment of oil and gas properties and goodwill13,1445,454—
Copper and molybdenum inventory adjustments33863
Other asset impairments, inventory write-downs, restructuring and other25618—
Net gain on sales of assets(39)(717)—
Net (gains) losses on crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts(87)(504)334
Gain on investment in MMR——(128)
Stock-based compensation85106173
Net charges for environmental and asset retirement obligations, including accretion209200164
Payments for environmental and asset retirement obligations(198)(176)(237)
Net (gain) loss on early extinguishment of debt—(73)35
Deferred income taxes(2,039)(929)277
Increase in long-term mill and leach stockpiles(212)(233)(431)
Other, net(18)(7)88
Changes in working capital and other tax payments, excluding amounts from acquisitions and dispositions:
Accounts receivable81321549
Inventories379(249)(288)
Other current assets97—26
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities(217)(394)(359)
Accrued income taxes and changes in other tax payments(699)(204)195
Net cash provided by operating activities3,2205,6316,139
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures:
North America copper mines(355)(969)(1,066)
South America(1,722)(1,785)(1,145)
Indonesia(913)(948)(1,030)
Africa(229)(159)(205)
Molybdenum mines(13)(54)(164)
United States oil and gas operations(2,948)(3,205)(1,436)
Other(173)(95)(240)
Acquisitions of Deepwater Gulf of Mexico interests—(1,426)—
Acquisition of Plains Exploration & Production Company, net of cash acquired——(3,465)
Acquisition of MMR, net of cash acquired——(1,628)
Acquisition of cobalt chemical business, net of cash acquired——(348)
Net proceeds from sale of Candelaria and Ojos del Salado—1,709—
Net proceeds from sale of Eagle Ford shale assets—2,910—
Other, net107221(181)
Net cash used in investing activities(6,246)(3,801)(10,908)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt8,2728,71011,501
Repayments of debt(6,677)(10,306)(5,476)
Net proceeds from sale of common stock1,936——
Redemption of MMR preferred stock——(228)
Cash dividends and distributions paid:
Common stock(605)(1,305)(2,281)
Noncontrolling interests(120)(424)(256)
Stock-based awards net (payments) proceeds, including excess tax benefit(4)9(98)
Debt financing costs and other, net(16)(35)(113)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities2,786(3,351)3,049
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents(240)(1,521)(1,720)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year4641,9853,705
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$224$464$1,985

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

December 31,
20152014
(In millions, except par value)
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$224$464
Trade accounts receivable689953
Income and other tax receivables1,4141,322
Other accounts receivable174288
Inventories:
Materials and supplies, net1,8691,886
Mill and leach stockpiles1,7241,914
Product1,1951,561
Other current assets173657
Total current assets7,4629,045
Property, plant, equipment and mining development costs, net27,50926,220
Oil and gas properties, net - full cost method:
Subject to amortization, less accumulated amortization and impairment of $22,276 and $7,360, respectively2,2629,187
Not subject to amortization4,83110,087
Long-term mill and leach stockpiles2,2712,179
Other assets2,2421,956
Total assets$46,577$58,674
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities$3,355$3,653
Current portion of debt649478
Current portion of environmental and asset retirement obligations272296
Accrued income taxes23410
Dividends payable8335
Total current liabilities4,3075,172
Long-term debt, less current portion19,77918,371
Deferred income taxes4,2886,398
Environmental and asset retirement obligations, less current portion3,7393,647
Other liabilities1,6561,861
Total liabilities33,76935,449
Redeemable noncontrolling interest764751
Equity:
Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock, par value $0.10, 1,374 shares and 1,167 shares issued, respectively137117
Capital in excess of par value24,28322,281
(Accumulated deficit) retained earnings(12,387)128
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(503)(544)
Common stock held in treasury – 128 shares at cost(3,702)(3,695)
Total stockholders’ equity7,82818,287
Noncontrolling interests4,2164,187
Total equity12,04422,474
Total liabilities and equity$46,577$58,674

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

Stockholders' Equity
Common Stock(Accumulated Deficit) Retained EarningsAccumu- lated Other Compre-hensive LossCommon Stock Held in TreasuryTotal Stock- holders’ Equity
Number of SharesAt Par ValueCapital in Excess of Par ValueNumber of SharesAt CostNon- controlling InterestsTotal Equity
(In millions)
Balance at January 1, 20131,073$107$19,119$2,399$(506)124$(3,576)$17,543$3,768$21,311
Common stock issued to acquire Plains Exploration & Production Company9192,822————2,831—2,831
Exchange of employee stock-based awards in connection with acquisitions——67————67—67
Exercised and issued stock-based awards118————9—9
Stock-based compensation——153————153—153
Reserve of tax benefit for stock-based awards——(1)————(1)—(1)
Tender of shares for stock-based awards—————3(105)(105)—(105)
Dividends on common stock———(2,315)———(2,315)—(2,315)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests————————(236)(236)
Noncontrolling interests' share of contributed capital in subsidiary——(7)————(7)7—
Net income attributable to common stockholders———2,658———2,658—2,658
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests————————761761
Other comprehensive income (loss)————101——101(3)98
Balance at December 31, 20131,16511722,1612,742(405)127(3,681)20,9344,29725,231
Exercised and issued stock-based awards2—12————12—12
Stock-based compensation——98————98—98
Tax benefit for stock-based awards——5————516
Tender of shares for stock-based awards——6——1(14)(8)—(8)
Dividends on common stock———(1,306)———(1,306)—(1,306)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests————————(396)(396)
Noncontrolling interests' share of contributed capital in subsidiary——(1)————(1)76
Sale of Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines————————(243)(243)
Net loss attributable to common stockholders———(1,308)———(1,308)—(1,308)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests————————523523
Other comprehensive loss————(139)——(139)(2)(141)
Balance at December 31, 20141,167$117$22,281$128$(544)128$(3,695)$18,287$4,187$22,474

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (CONTINUED)

Stockholders’ Equity
Common Stock(Accumulated Deficit) Retained EarningsAccumu- lated Other Compre-hensive LossCommon Stock Held in TreasuryTotal Stock- holders’ Equity
Number of SharesAt Par ValueCapital in Excess of Par ValueNumber of SharesAt CostNon- controlling InterestsTotal Equity
(In millions)
Balance at December 31, 20141,167$117$22,281$128$(544)128$(3,695)$18,287$4,187$22,474
Sale of common stock206201,916————1,936—1,936
Exercised and issued stock-based awards1—3————3—3
Stock-based compensation——91————91798
Reserve on tax benefit for stock-based awards——(1)————(1)—(1)
Tender of shares for stock-based awards——————(7)(7)—(7)
Dividends on common stock———(279)———(279)—(279)
Dividends to noncontrolling interests————————(91)(91)
Noncontrolling interests' share of contributed capital in subsidiary——(7)————(7)7—
Net loss attributable to common stockholders———(12,236)———(12,236)—(12,236)
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests————————106106
Other comprehensive income————41——41—41
Balance at December 31, 20151,374$137$24,283$(12,387)$(503)128$(3,702)$7,828$4,216$12,044

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

FREEPORT-McMoRan INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation. Effective July 14, 2014, Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. changed its name to Freeport-McMoRan Inc. (FCX). The consolidated financial statements of FCX include the accounts of those subsidiaries where it directly or indirectly has more than 50 percent of the voting rights and has the right to control significant management decisions. The most significant entities that FCX consolidates include its 90.64 percent-owned subsidiary PT Freeport Indonesia (PT-FI), and the following wholly owned subsidiaries: Freeport Minerals Corporation (FMC, formerly Freeport-McMoRan Corporation), Atlantic Copper, S.L.U. (Atlantic Copper) and FCX Oil & Gas Inc. (FM O&G).

FCX acquired mining assets in North America, South America and Africa when it acquired Phelps Dodge Corporation (now known as FMC) in 2007. FCX acquired oil and gas operations when it acquired Plains Exploration & Production Company (PXP) and McMoRan Exploration Co. (MMR), collectively known as FM O&G, on May 31, 2013, and June 3, 2013, respectively. The results included in these financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2013, include PXP's results beginning June 1, 2013, and MMR's results beginning June 4, 2013 (refer to Note 2 for further discussion).

FCX’s unincorporated joint ventures with Rio Tinto plc (Rio Tinto) and Sumitomo Metal Mining Arizona, Inc. (Sumitomo) are reflected using the proportionate consolidation method (refer to Note 3 for further discussion). Investments in unconsolidated companies owned 20 percent or more are recorded using the equity method. Investments in companies owned less than 20 percent, and for which FCX does not exercise significant influence, are carried at cost. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated. Dollar amounts in tables are stated in millions, except per share amounts.

Business Segments. FCX has organized its mining operations into five primary divisions – North America copper mines, South America mining, Indonesia mining, Africa mining and Molybdenum mines, and operating segments that meet certain thresholds are reportable segments. For oil and gas operations, FCX determines its operating segments on a country-by-country basis. FCX's reportable segments include the Morenci, Cerro Verde, Grasberg and Tenke Fungurume copper mines, the Rod & Refining operations and the United States (U.S.) Oil & Gas operations. Refer to Note 16 for further discussion.

Use of Estimates. The preparation of FCX’s financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in these financial statements and accompanying notes. The more significant areas requiring the use of management estimates include reserve estimation (minerals, and oil and natural gas); timing of transfers of oil and gas properties not subject to amortization into the full cost pool; asset lives for depreciation, depletion and amortization; environmental obligations; asset retirement obligations; estimates of recoverable copper in mill and leach stockpiles; deferred taxes and valuation allowances; reserves for contingencies and litigation; asset impairment, including estimates used to derive future cash flows associated with those assets; determination of fair value of assets acquired, liabilities assumed and redeemable noncontrolling interest, and recognition of goodwill and deferred taxes in connection with business combinations; pension benefits; and valuation of derivative instruments. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Functional Currency. The functional currency for the majority of FCX's foreign operations is the U.S. dollar. For foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is the U.S. dollar, monetary assets and liabilities denominated in the local currency are translated at current exchange rates, and non-monetary assets and liabilities, such as inventories, property, plant, equipment and development costs, are translated at historical rates. Gains and losses resulting from translation of such account balances are included in other income (expense), as are gains and losses from foreign currency transactions. Foreign currency losses totaled $93 million in 2015, $4 million in 2014 and $36 million in 2013.

Cash Equivalents. Highly liquid investments purchased with maturities of three months or less are considered cash equivalents.

Inventories. Inventories include mill and leach stockpiles, materials and supplies, and product inventories. Beginning in third-quarter 2015, inventories are stated at the lower of weighted-average cost or net realizable value. Prior to third-quarter 2015, inventories were stated at the lower of weighted-average cost or market (refer to "New Accounting Standards" in this note for discussion of the change in accounting principle). Refer to Note 4 for further discussion.

Mill and Leach Stockpiles. Mill and leach stockpiles are work-in-process inventories for FCX's mining operations. Mill and leach stockpiles have been extracted from an ore body and are available for copper recovery. Mill stockpiles contain sulfide ores and recovery of metal is through milling, concentrating, smelting and refining or, alternatively, by concentrate leaching. Leach stockpiles contain oxide ores and certain secondary sulfide ores and recovery of metal is through exposure to acidic solutions that dissolve contained copper and deliver it in solution to extraction processing facilities (i.e., solution extraction and electrowinning (SX/EW)). The recorded cost of mill and leach stockpiles includes mining and haulage costs incurred to deliver ore to stockpiles, depreciation, depletion, amortization and site overhead costs. Material is removed from the stockpiles at a weighted-average cost per pound.

Because it is generally impracticable to determine copper contained in mill and leach stockpiles by physical count, reasonable estimation methods are employed. The quantity of material delivered to mill and leach stockpiles is based on surveyed volumes of mined material and daily production records. Sampling and assaying of blasthole cuttings determine the estimated copper grade of the material delivered to mill and leach stockpiles.

Expected copper recovery rates for mill stockpiles are determined by metallurgical testing. The recoverable copper in mill stockpiles, once entered into the production process, can be produced into copper concentrate almost immediately.

Expected copper recovery rates for leach stockpiles are determined using small-scale laboratory tests, small- to large-scale column testing (which simulates the production process), historical trends and other factors, including mineralogy of the ore and rock type. Total copper recovery in leach stockpiles can vary significantly from a low percentage to more than 90 percent depending on several variables, including processing methodology, processing variables, mineralogy and particle size of the rock. For newly placed material on active stockpiles, as much as 80 percent total copper recovery may occur during the first year, and the remaining copper may be recovered over many years.

Processes and recovery rates for mill and leach stockpiles are monitored regularly, and recovery rate estimates are adjusted periodically as additional information becomes available and as related technology changes. Adjustments to recovery rates will typically result in a future impact to the value of the material removed from the stockpiles at a revised weighted-average cost per pound of recoverable copper.

Product Inventories. Product inventories include raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods. Raw materials are primarily unprocessed concentrate at Atlantic Copper's smelting and refining operations. Work-in-process inventories are primarily copper concentrate at various stages of conversion into anode and cathode at Atlantic Copper's operations. Atlantic Copper’s in-process inventories are valued at the weighted-average cost of the material fed to the smelting and refining process plus in-process conversion costs. Finished goods for mining operations represent salable products (e.g., copper and molybdenum concentrate, copper anode, copper cathode, copper rod, copper wire, molybdenum oxide, high-purity molybdenum chemicals and other metallurgical products, and various cobalt products). Finished goods are valued based on the weighted-average cost of source material plus applicable conversion costs relating to associated process facilities. Costs of finished goods and work-in-process (i.e., not raw materials) inventories include labor and benefits, supplies, energy, depreciation, depletion, amortization, site overhead costs and other necessary costs associated with the extraction and processing of ore, including, depending on the process, mining, haulage, milling, concentrating, smelting, leaching, solution extraction, refining, roasting and chemical processing. Corporate general and administrative costs are not included in inventory costs.

Property, Plant, Equipment and Mining Development Costs. Property, plant, equipment and mining development costs are carried at cost. Mineral exploration costs, as well as drilling and other costs incurred for the purpose of converting mineral resources to proven and probable reserves or identifying new mineral resources at development or production stage properties, are charged to expense as incurred. Development costs are capitalized beginning after proven and probable mineral reserves have been established. Development costs include costs incurred resulting from mine pre-production activities undertaken to gain access to proven and

probable reserves, including shafts, adits, drifts, ramps, permanent excavations, infrastructure and removal of overburden. Additionally, interest expense allocable to the cost of developing mining properties and to constructing new facilities is capitalized until assets are ready for their intended use.

Expenditures for replacements and improvements are capitalized. Costs related to periodic scheduled maintenance (i.e., turnarounds) are charged to expense as incurred. Depreciation for mining and milling life-of-mine assets, infrastructure and other common costs is determined using the unit-of-production (UOP) method based on total estimated recoverable proven and probable copper reserves (for primary copper mines) and proven and probable molybdenum reserves (for primary molybdenum mines). Development costs and acquisition costs for proven and probable mineral reserves that relate to a specific ore body are depreciated using the UOP method based on estimated recoverable proven and probable mineral reserves for the ore body benefited. Depreciation, depletion and amortization using the UOP method is recorded upon extraction of the recoverable copper or molybdenum from the ore body, at which time it is allocated to inventory cost and then included as a component of cost of goods sold. Other assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of up to 39 years for buildings and three to 25 years for machinery and equipment, and mobile equipment.

Included in property, plant, equipment and mining development costs is value beyond proven and probable mineral reserves (VBPP), primarily resulting from FCX’s acquisition of FMC in 2007. The concept of VBPP may be interpreted differently by different mining companies. FCX’s VBPP is attributable to (i) mineralized material, which includes measured and indicated amounts, that FCX believes could be brought into production with the establishment or modification of required permits and should market conditions and technical assessments warrant, (ii) inferred mineral resources and (iii) exploration potential.

Carrying amounts assigned to VBPP are not charged to expense until the VBPP becomes associated with additional proven and probable mineral reserves and the reserves are produced or the VBPP is determined to be impaired. Additions to proven and probable mineral reserves for properties with VBPP will carry with them the value assigned to VBPP at the date acquired, less any impairment amounts. Refer to Note 5 for further discussion.

Impairment of Long-Lived Mining Assets. FCX assesses the carrying values of its long-lived mining assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts of such assets may not be recoverable. In evaluating long-lived mining assets for recoverability, estimates of pre-tax undiscounted future cash flows of FCX’s individual mines are used. An impairment is considered to exist if total estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset. Once it is determined that an impairment exists, an impairment loss is measured as the amount by which the asset carrying value exceeds its fair value. The estimated undiscounted cash flows used to assess recoverability of long-lived assets and to measure the fair value of FCX’s mining operations are derived from current business plans, which are developed using near-term price forecasts reflective of the current price environment and management’s projections for long-term average metal prices. In addition to near- and long-term metal price assumptions, other key assumptions include estimates of commodity-based and other input costs; proven and probable mineral reserves estimates, including the timing and cost to develop and produce the reserves; VBPP estimates; and the use of appropriate discount rates. FCX believes its estimates and models used to determine fair value are similar to what a market participant would use. As quoted market prices are unavailable for FCX’s individual mining operations, fair value is determined through the use of estimated discounted after-tax future cash flows (i.e., Level 3 measurement).

Oil and Gas Properties. FCX follows the full cost method of accounting specified by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission's (SEC) rules whereby all costs associated with oil and gas property acquisition, exploration and development activities are capitalized into a cost center on a country-by-country basis. Such costs include internal general and administrative costs, such as payroll and related benefits and costs directly attributable to employees engaged in acquisition, exploration and development activities. General and administrative costs associated with production, operations, marketing and general corporate activities are charged to expense as incurred. Capitalized costs, along with estimated future costs to develop proved reserves and asset retirement costs that are not already included in oil and gas properties, net of related salvage value, are amortized to expense under the UOP method using engineers' estimates of the related, by-country proved oil and natural gas reserves.

The costs of unproved oil and gas properties are excluded from amortization until the properties are evaluated. Costs are transferred into the amortization base on an ongoing basis as the properties are evaluated and proved oil and natural gas reserves are established or if impairment is determined. Unproved oil and gas properties are assessed periodically, at least annually, to determine whether impairment has occurred. FCX assesses unproved oil and gas properties for impairment on an individual basis or as a group if properties are individually insignificant. The

assessment considers the following factors, among others: intent to drill, remaining lease term, geological and geophysical evaluations, drilling results and activity, the assignment of proved reserves, the economic viability of development if proved reserves are assigned and other current market conditions. During any period in which these factors indicate an impairment, the cumulative drilling costs incurred to date for such property and all or a portion of the associated leasehold costs are transferred to the full cost pool and are then subject to amortization. Including amounts determined to be impaired, FCX transferred $6.4 billion of costs associated with unevaluated properties to the full cost pool in 2015, $2.5 billion in 2014 and $0.7 billion for the seven-month period from June 1, 2013, through December 31, 2013. The transfer of costs into the amortization base involves a significant amount of judgment and may be subject to changes over time based on drilling plans and results, geological and geophysical evaluations, the assignment of proved oil and natural gas reserves, availability of capital and other factors. Costs not subject to amortization consist primarily of capitalized costs incurred for undeveloped acreage and wells in progress pending determination, together with capitalized interest for these projects. The ultimate evaluation of the properties will occur over a period of several years. Interest costs totaling $58 million in 2015, $88 million in 2014 and $69 million in 2013 were capitalized on oil and gas properties not subject to amortization and in the process of development.

Proceeds from the sale of oil and gas properties are accounted for as reductions to capitalized costs unless the reduction causes a significant change in proved reserves, which absent other factors, is generally described as a 25 percent or greater change, and significantly alters the relationship between capitalized costs and proved reserves attributable to a cost center, in which case a gain or loss is recognized.

Impairment of Oil and Gas Properties. Under the SEC full cost accounting rules, FCX reviews the carrying value of its oil and gas properties in the full cost pool for impairment each quarter on a country-by-country basis. Under these rules, capitalized costs of oil and gas properties (net of accumulated depreciation, depletion, amortization and impairment, and related deferred income taxes) for each cost center may not exceed a “ceiling” equal to:

•the present value, discounted at 10 percent, of estimated future net cash flows from the related proved oil and natural gas reserves, net of estimated future income taxes; plus
•the cost of the related unproved properties not being amortized; plus
•the lower of cost or estimated fair value of the related unproved properties included in the costs being amortized (net of related tax effects).

These rules require that FCX price its future oil and gas production at the twelve-month average of the first-day-of-the-month historical reference prices as adjusted for location and quality differentials. FCX's reference prices are West Texas Intermediate (WTI) for oil and the Henry Hub price for natural gas. Such prices are utilized except where different prices are fixed and determinable from applicable contracts for the remaining term of those contracts. The reserve estimates exclude the effect of any crude oil and natural gas derivatives FCX has in place. The estimated future net cash flows also exclude future cash outflows associated with settling asset retirement obligations included in the net book value of the oil and gas properties. The rules require an impairment if the capitalized costs exceed this “ceiling.”

In 2015 and 2014, net capitalized costs with respect to FCX's proved oil and gas properties exceeded the related ceiling test limitation; therefore, impairment charges of $13.1 billion were recorded in 2015 and $3.7 billion in 2014, primarily because of the lower twelve-month average of the first-day-of-the-month historical reference oil price and additional capitalized costs. The twelve-month average WTI reference oil price was $50.28 per barrel at December 31, 2015, compared with $94.99 per barrel at December 31, 2014.

Goodwill. Goodwill has an indefinite useful life and is not amortized, but rather is tested for impairment at least annually during the fourth quarter, unless events occur or circumstances change between annual tests that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a related reporting unit below its carrying value. Impairment occurs when the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value. FCX generally uses a discounted cash flow model to determine if the carrying value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, is less than the fair value of the reporting unit. FCX's approach to allocating goodwill includes the identification of the reporting unit it believes has contributed to the excess purchase price and includes consideration of the reporting unit's potential for future growth. Goodwill arose in 2013 with FCX's acquisitions of PXP and MMR, and was allocated to the U.S. oil and gas reporting unit. When a sale of oil and gas properties occurs, goodwill is allocated to that property based on the relationship of the fair value of the property sold to the total reporting unit's fair value. Events affecting crude oil and natural gas prices caused a decrease in the fair value of the U.S. oil and gas reporting unit in 2014, which resulted in the full impairment of goodwill (refer to Note 2 for further discussion).

Deferred Mining Costs. Stripping costs (i.e., the costs of removing overburden and waste material to access mineral deposits) incurred during the production phase of a mine are considered variable production costs and are included as a component of inventory produced during the period in which stripping costs are incurred. Major development expenditures, including stripping costs to prepare unique and identifiable areas outside the current mining area for future production that are considered to be pre-production mine development, are capitalized and amortized using the UOP method based on estimated recoverable proven and probable reserves for the ore body benefited. However, where a second or subsequent pit or major expansion is considered to be a continuation of existing mining activities, stripping costs are accounted for as a current production cost and a component of the associated inventory.

Environmental Expenditures. Environmental expenditures are charged to expense or capitalized, depending upon their future economic benefits. Accruals for such expenditures are recorded when it is probable that obligations have been incurred and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Environmental obligations attributed to the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act of 1980 (CERCLA) or analogous state programs are considered probable when a claim is asserted, or is probable of assertion, and FCX, or any of its subsidiaries, have been associated with the site. Other environmental remediation obligations are considered probable based on specific facts and circumstances. FCX’s estimates of these costs are based on an evaluation of various factors, including currently available facts, existing technology, presently enacted laws and regulations, remediation experience, whether or not FCX is a potentially responsible party (PRP) and the ability of other PRPs to pay their allocated portions. With the exception of those obligations assumed in the acquisition of FMC that were initially recorded at estimated fair values (refer to Note 12 for further discussion), environmental obligations are recorded on an undiscounted basis. Where the available information is sufficient to estimate the amount of the obligation, that estimate has been used. Where the information is only sufficient to establish a range of probable liability and no point within the range is more likely than any other, the lower end of the range has been used. Possible recoveries of some of these costs from other parties are not recognized in the consolidated financial statements until they become probable. Legal costs associated with environmental remediation (such as fees to outside law firms for work relating to determining the extent and type of remedial actions and the allocation of costs among PRPs) are included as part of the estimated obligation.

Environmental obligations assumed in the acquisition of FMC, which were initially recorded at fair value and estimated on a discounted basis, are accreted to full value over time through charges to interest expense. Adjustments arising from changes in amounts and timing of estimated costs and settlements may result in increases and decreases in these obligations and are calculated in the same manner as they were initially estimated. Unless these adjustments qualify for capitalization, changes in environmental obligations are charged to operating income when they occur.

FCX performs a comprehensive review of its environmental obligations annually and also reviews changes in facts and circumstances associated with these obligations at least quarterly.

Asset Retirement Obligations. FCX records the fair value of estimated asset retirement obligations (AROs) associated with tangible long-lived assets in the period incurred. Retirement obligations associated with long-lived assets are those for which there is a legal obligation to settle under existing or enacted law, statute, written or oral contract or by legal construction. These obligations, which are initially estimated based on discounted cash flow estimates, are accreted to full value over time through charges to cost of sales. In addition, asset retirement costs (ARCs) are capitalized as part of the related asset’s carrying value and are depreciated over the asset’s respective useful life.

For mining operations, reclamation costs for disturbances are recognized as an ARO and as a related ARC (included in property, plant, equipment and mining development costs) in the period of the disturbance and depreciated primarily on a UOP basis. FCX’s AROs for mining operations consist primarily of costs associated with mine reclamation and closure activities. These activities, which are site specific, generally include costs for earthwork, revegetation, water treatment and demolition (refer to Note 12 for further discussion).

For oil and gas properties, the fair value of the legal obligation is recognized as an ARO and as a related ARC (included in oil and gas properties) in the period in which the well is drilled or acquired and is amortized on a UOP basis together with other capitalized costs. Substantially all of FCX’s oil and gas leases require that, upon termination of economic production, the working interest owners plug and abandon non-producing wellbores;

remove platforms, tanks, production equipment and flow lines; and restore the wellsite (refer to Note 12 for further discussion).

At least annually, FCX reviews its ARO estimates for changes in the projected timing of certain reclamation and closure/restoration costs, changes in cost estimates and additional AROs incurred during the period.

Revenue Recognition. FCX sells its products pursuant to sales contracts entered into with its customers. Revenue for all FCX’s products is recognized when title and risk of loss pass to the customer and when collectibility is reasonably assured. The passing of title and risk of loss to the customer are based on terms of the sales contract, generally upon shipment or delivery of product.

Revenues from FCX’s concentrate and cathode sales are recorded based on a provisional sales price or a final sales price calculated in accordance with the terms specified in the relevant sales contract. Revenues from concentrate sales are recorded net of treatment and all refining charges and the impact of derivative contracts. Moreover, because a portion of the metals contained in copper concentrate is unrecoverable as a result of the smelting process, FCX’s revenues from concentrate sales are also recorded net of allowances based on the quantity and value of these unrecoverable metals. These allowances are a negotiated term of FCX’s contracts and vary by customer. Treatment and refining charges represent payments or price adjustments to smelters and refiners that are generally fixed.

Under the long-established structure of sales agreements prevalent in the mining industry, copper contained in concentrate and cathode is generally provisionally priced at the time of shipment. The provisional prices are finalized in a specified future month (generally one to four months from the shipment date) based on quoted monthly average spot copper prices on the London Metal Exchange (LME) or the Commodity Exchange Inc. (COMEX), a division of the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX). FCX receives market prices based on prices in the specified future month, which results in price fluctuations recorded to revenues until the date of settlement. FCX records revenues and invoices customers at the time of shipment based on then-current LME or COMEX prices, which results in an embedded derivative (i.e., a pricing mechanism that is finalized after the time of delivery) that is required to be bifurcated from the host contract. The host contract is the sale of the metals contained in the concentrate or cathode at the then-current LME or COMEX price. FCX applies the normal purchases and normal sales scope exception in accordance with derivatives and hedge accounting guidance to the host contract in its concentrate or cathode sales agreements since these contracts do not allow for net settlement and always result in physical delivery. The embedded derivative does not qualify for hedge accounting and is adjusted to fair value through earnings each period, using the period-end forward prices, until the date of final pricing.

Gold sales are priced according to individual contract terms, generally the average London Bullion Market Association (London) price for a specified month near the month of shipment.

The majority of FCX’s 2015 molybdenum sales were priced based on prices published in Metals Week, Ryan’s Notes or Metal Bulletin, plus conversion premiums for products that undergo additional processing, such as ferromolybdenum and molybdenum chemical products. Most of these sales use the average price of the previous month quoted by the applicable publication. In 2015, FCX’s remaining molybdenum sales generally had pricing that was either based on the current month published prices or a fixed price. FCX engaged in discussions with its molybdenum chemical product customers during the second half of 2015 and established floor index prices or prices that adjust within certain ranges for its chemical products to promote continuation of chemical-grade production.

PT-FI concentrate sales, Tenke Fungurume Mining S.A. (TFM or Tenke) metal sales and certain Sociedad Minera Cerro Verde S.A.A. (Cerro Verde) metal sales are subject to certain royalties, which are recorded as a reduction to revenues. TFM and Cerro Verde are subsidiaries of FMC. In addition, PT-FI concentrate sales are also subject to export duties beginning in 2014, which are recorded as a reduction to revenues. Refer to Note 13 for further discussion.

Oil and gas revenue from FCX's interests in producing wells is recognized upon delivery and passage of title, net of any royalty interests or other profit interests in the produced product. Oil sales are primarily under contracts with prices based upon regional benchmarks. Approximately 30 percent of gas sales is priced monthly using industry-recognized, published index pricing, and the remainder is priced daily on the spot market. Gas revenue is recorded using the sales method for gas imbalances. If FCX's sales of production volumes for a well exceed its portion of the estimated remaining recoverable reserves of the well, a liability is recorded. No receivables are recorded for those

wells on which FCX has taken less than its ownership share of production unless the amount taken by other parties exceeds the estimate of their remaining reserves. There were no material gas imbalances at December 31, 2015.

Stock-Based Compensation. Compensation costs for share-based payments to employees are measured at fair value and charged to expense over the requisite service period for awards that are expected to vest. The fair value of stock options is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model. The fair value for stock-settled restricted stock units (RSUs) is based on FCX's stock price on the date of grant. Shares of common stock are issued at the vesting date for stock-settled RSUs. The fair value of the performance share units (PSUs) and the performance-based RSUs are determined using a Monte-Carlo simulation model. The fair value for liability-classified awards (i.e., cash-settled stock appreciation rights (SARs) and cash-settled RSUs) is remeasured each reporting period using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model for SARs and FCX's stock price for cash-settled RSUs. FCX has elected to recognize compensation costs for stock option awards and SARs that vest over several years on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, and for RSUs on the graded-vesting method over the vesting period. Refer to Note 10 for further discussion.

Earnings Per Share. FCX’s basic net (loss) income per share of common stock was computed by dividing net (loss) income attributable to FCX common stockholders by the weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted net income per share of common stock was computed using the most dilutive of (a) the two-class method or (b) the treasury stock method. Under the two-class method, net income is allocated to each class of common stock and participating securities as if all of the earnings for the period had been distributed. FCX's participating securities consist of vested RSUs for which the underlying common shares are not yet issued and entitle holders to non-forfeitable dividends.

A reconciliation of net (loss) income and weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding for purposes of calculating basic and diluted net (loss) income per share for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Net (loss) income$(12,089)$(745)$3,441
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests(106)(523)(761)
Preferred dividends on redeemable noncontrolling interest(41)(40)(22)
Undistributed earnings allocable to participating securities(3)(3)—
Net (loss) income allocable to FCX common stockholders$(12,239)$(1,311)$2,658
Basic weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding (millions)1,0821,0391,002
Add shares issuable upon exercise or vesting of dilutive stock options and RSUs (millions)—a—a4a
Diluted weighted-average shares of common stock outstanding (millions)1,0821,0391,006
Basic net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders$(11.31)$(1.26)$2.65
Diluted net (loss) income per share attributable to common stockholders$(11.31)$(1.26)$2.64
a.Excludes approximately 9 million shares of common stock in 2015, 10 million in 2014 and 1 million in 2013 associated with outstanding stock options with exercise prices less than the average market price of FCX's common stock and RSUs that were anti-dilutive.

Outstanding stock options with exercise prices greater than the average market price of FCX’s common stock during the year are excluded from the computation of diluted net income per share of common stock. Excluded stock options totaled 45 million shares of common stock in 2015, 31 million in 2014 and 30 million in 2013.

New Accounting Standards. In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued an Accounting Standard Update (ASU) that provides a single comprehensive revenue recognition model, which will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance, and also requires expanded disclosures. The core principle of the model is that revenue is recognized when control of goods or services has been transferred to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. For public entities, this ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 (following FASB’s August 2015 ASU of a one-year deferral of the effective date), and interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim reporting periods within that reporting period. This ASU may be applied either retrospectively to each period presented or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption. FCX is currently evaluating the

impact of the new guidance on its financial reporting and disclosures, but at this time does not expect adoption of this ASU to have a material impact on its financial statements.

In April 2015, FASB issued an ASU to simplify the presentation of debt issuance costs. This ASU requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. Since the April 2015 ASU did not address the presentation or subsequent measurement of debt issuance costs related to line-of-credit arrangements, FASB issued an ASU in August 2015 that allows an entity to defer and present debt issuance costs related to these arrangements as an asset and subsequently amortize the debt issuance costs ratably over the term of the arrangement, regardless of whether there are any outstanding borrowings on the line-of-credit arrangement. For public entities, these ASUs are effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted for financial statements that have not been previously issued. FCX adopted these ASUs and retrospectively adjusted its previously issued financial statements. Upon adoption, FCX adjusted its December 31, 2014, balance sheet by decreasing other assets and long-term debt by $121 million for debt issuance costs related to corresponding debt balances. FCX elected to continue presenting debt issuance costs ($22 million as of December 31, 2015) for its revolving credit facility as a deferred charge (asset) because of the volatility of its borrowings and repayments under the facility.

In July 2015, FASB issued an ASU that simplifies the subsequent measurement of inventory by requiring entities to measure inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value, except for inventory measured using the last-in, first-out (LIFO) or the retail inventory methods. Under the new guidance, entities are only required to compare the cost of inventory to one measure - net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. For public entities, this ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. This ASU must be applied prospectively. FCX adopted this ASU effective July 1, 2015, and it had no impact on its results of operations.

In November 2015, FASB issued an ASU to simplify the presentation of deferred income taxes by requiring entities to classify all deferred tax assets and liabilities as noncurrent on the balance sheet, rather than separating deferred taxes into current and noncurrent amounts. For public entities, this ASU is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. This ASU may be applied either prospectively to all deferred tax liabilities and assets or retrospectively to all periods presented. FCX adopted this ASU prospectively effective October 1, 2015, and prior periods were not retrospectively adjusted.

Reclassifications. As a result of adopting new accounting guidance in 2015, debt issuance costs as of December 31, 2014, have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation.

NOTE 2. DISPOSITIONS AND ACQUISITIONS

Candelaria and Ojos del Salado Disposition. On November 3, 2014, FCX completed the sale of its 80 percent ownership interests in the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado copper mining operations and supporting infrastructure located in Chile to Lundin Mining Corporation (Lundin) for $1.8 billion in cash, before closing adjustments, and contingent consideration of up to $200 million. Contingent consideration is calculated as five percent of net copper revenues in any annual period over the ensuing five years when the average realized copper price exceeds $4.00 per pound. Excluding contingent consideration, after-tax net proceeds totaled $1.5 billion, and FCX recorded a gain of $671 million ($450 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders) associated with this transaction. The transaction had an effective date of June 30, 2014. FCX used the proceeds from this transaction to repay indebtedness.

This sale did not meet the criteria for classification as a discontinued operation under the April 2014 ASU issued by FASB, which FCX early adopted in first-quarter 2014. The following table provides balances of the major classes of assets and liabilities for the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines at November 3, 2014:

Current assets$482
Long-term assets1,155
Current liabilities129
Long-term liabilities89
Noncontrolling interests243

The following table provides net income before income taxes and net income attributable to common stockholders for the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines:

January 1, 2014,
toYear Ended
November 3, 2014December 31, 2013
Net income before income taxes$270$689
Net income attributable to common stockholders144341

Eagle Ford Disposition. On June 20, 2014, FCX completed the sale of its Eagle Ford shale assets to a subsidiary of Encana Corporation for cash consideration of $3.1 billion, before closing adjustments from the April 1, 2014, effective date. Under full cost accounting rules, the proceeds were recorded as a reduction of capitalized oil and gas properties, with no gain or loss recognition, except for $84 million of deferred tax expense recorded in connection with the allocation of $221 million of goodwill (for which deferred taxes were not previously provided) to the Eagle Ford shale assets. Approximately $1.3 billion of proceeds from this transaction was placed in a like-kind exchange escrow and was used to reinvest in additional Deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GOM) oil and gas interests, as discussed below. The remaining proceeds were used to repay debt.

Deepwater GOM Acquisitions. On June 30, 2014, FCX completed the acquisition of oil and gas interests in the Deepwater GOM from a subsidiary of Apache Corporation, including interests in the Lucius and Heidelberg oil fields and several exploration leases, for $918 million ($451 million for oil and gas properties subject to amortization and $477 million for costs not subject to amortization, including transaction costs and $10 million of asset retirement costs). The Deepwater GOM acquisition was funded by the like-kind exchange escrow.

On September 8, 2014, FCX completed the acquisition of additional Deepwater GOM interests for $496 million ($509 million for oil and gas properties not subject to amortization, including purchase price adjustments and transaction costs), including an interest in the Vito oil discovery in the Mississippi Canyon area and a significant lease position in the Vito Basin area. This acquisition was funded in part with the remaining $414 million of funds from the like-kind exchange escrow.

PXP and MMR Acquisitions. FCX acquired PXP on May 31, 2013, and MMR on June 3, 2013. These acquisitions added a portfolio of oil and gas assets to FCX's global mining business, creating a U.S.-based natural resources company. At the time of the acquisitions, FCX's portfolio of oil and gas assets included oil and natural gas production facilities in the GOM, Texas, onshore and offshore California, Louisiana and in central Wyoming, and a position in the Inboard Lower Tertiary/Cretaceous natural gas trend onshore in South Louisiana. The acquisitions have been accounted for under the acquisition method, with FCX as the acquirer. As further discussed in Note 8, FCX issued $6.5 billion of unsecured senior notes in March 2013 for net proceeds of $6.4 billion, which were used, together with borrowings under a $4.0 billion unsecured five-year bank term loan, to fund the cash portion of the merger consideration for both transactions, to repay certain indebtedness of PXP and for general corporate purposes.

In the PXP acquisition, FCX acquired PXP for per-share consideration equivalent to 0.6531 shares of FCX common stock and $25.00 in cash. FCX issued 91 million shares of its common stock and paid $3.8 billion in cash (which included $411 million for the value of the $3 per share special dividend paid to PXP stockholders on May 31, 2013). Following is a summary of the $6.6 billion purchase price for PXP:

Number of shares of PXP common stock acquired (millions)132.280
Exchange ratio of FCX common stock for each PXP share0.6531
86.392
Shares of FCX common stock issued for certain PXP equity awards (millions)4.769
Total shares of FCX common stock issued (millions)91.161
Closing share price of FCX common stock at May 31, 2013$31.05
FCX stock consideration$2,831
Cash consideration3,725a
Employee stock-based awards, primarily cash-settled stock-based awards83
Total purchase price$6,639
a.Cash consideration includes the payment of $25.00 in cash for each PXP share ($3.3 billion), cash paid in lieu of any fractional shares of FCX common stock, cash paid for certain equity awards ($7 million) and the value of the $3 per share PXP special cash dividend ($411 million) paid on May 31, 2013.

In the MMR acquisition, for each MMR share owned, MMR stockholders received $14.75 in cash and 1.15 units of a royalty trust, which holds a 5 percent overriding royalty interest in future production from MMR's Inboard Lower Tertiary/Cretaceous exploration prospects that existed as of December 5, 2012, the date of the merger agreement. MMR conveyed the royalty interests to the royalty trust immediately prior to the effective time of the merger, and they were "carved out" of the mineral interests that were acquired by FCX and not considered part of purchase consideration.

Prior to June 3, 2013, FCX owned 500,000 shares of MMR's 5.75% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series 2, which were accounted for under the cost method and recorded on FCX's balance sheet at $432 million on May 31, 2013. Through its acquisition of PXP on May 31, 2013, FCX acquired 51 million shares of MMR's common stock, which had a fair value of $848 million on that date based upon the closing market price of MMR's common stock ($16.63 per share, i.e., Level 1 measurement). As a result of FCX obtaining control of MMR on June 3, 2013, FCX remeasured its ownership interests in MMR to a fair value of $1.4 billion, resulting in a gain of $128 million that was recorded in 2013. Fair value was calculated using the closing quoted market price of MMR's common stock on June 3, 2013, of $16.75 per share (i.e., Level 1 measurement) and a valuation model using observable inputs (i.e., Level 2 measurement) for the preferred stock. Following is a summary of the $3.1 billion purchase price for MMR:

Number of shares of MMR common stock acquired (millions)112.362a
Cash consideration of $14.75 per share$14.75
Cash consideration paid by FCX$1,657
Employee stock-based awards63
Total1,720
Fair value of FCX's investment in 51 million shares of MMR common stock acquired on
May 31, 2013, through the acquisition of PXP854
Fair value of FCX's investment in MMR's 5.75% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series 2554
Total purchase price$3,128
a.Excludes 51 million shares of MMR common stock owned by FCX through its acquisition of PXP on May 31, 2013.

The following table summarizes the final purchase price allocations for PXP and MMR:

PXPMMREliminationsTotal
Current assets$1,193$98$—$1,291
Oil and gas properties - full cost method:
Subject to amortization11,447751—12,198
Not subject to amortization9,4011,711—11,112
Property, plant and equipment2611—262
Investment in MMRa848—(848)—
Other assets12382—394
Current liabilities(906)(174)—(1,080)
Debt (current and long-term)(10,631)(620)—(11,251)
Deferred income taxesb(3,917)——(3,917)
Other long-term liabilities(799)(262)—(1,061)
Redeemable noncontrolling interest(708)(259)—(967)
Total fair value, excluding goodwill6,2011,628(848)6,981
Goodwill4381,500—1,938
Total purchase price$6,639$3,128$(848)$8,919
a.PXP owned 51 million shares of MMR common stock, which were eliminated in FCX's consolidated balance sheet at the acquisition date of MMR.
b.Deferred income taxes have been recognized based on the estimated fair value adjustments to net assets using a 38 percent tax rate, which reflected a 35 percent federal statutory rate and a 3 percent weighted-average of the applicable statutory state tax rates (net of federal benefit).

In accordance with the acquisition method of accounting, the purchase price from FCX's acquisitions of both PXP and MMR has been allocated to the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and redeemable noncontrolling interest based on their estimated fair values on the respective acquisition dates. The fair value estimates were based on, but not limited to, quoted market prices, where available; expected future cash flows based on estimated reserve quantities; costs to produce and develop reserves; current replacement cost for similar capacity for certain fixed

assets; market rate assumptions for contractual obligations; appropriate discount rates and growth rates; and crude oil and natural gas forward prices. The excess of the total consideration over the estimated fair value of the amounts assigned to the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed and redeemable noncontrolling interest was recorded as goodwill. Goodwill recorded in connection with the acquisitions is not deductible for income tax purposes.

The fair value measurement of the oil and gas properties, asset retirement obligations included in other liabilities (refer to Note 12 for further discussion) and redeemable noncontrolling interest were based, in part, on significant inputs not observable in the market (as discussed above) and thus represents a Level 3 measurement. The fair value measurement of long-term debt, including the current portion, was based on prices obtained from a readily available pricing source and thus represents a Level 2 measurement.

During second-quarter 2014, FCX finalized the purchase price allocations, which resulted in a decrease of $5 million to oil and gas properties subject to amortization, an increase of $25 million to oil and gas properties not subject to amortization, a net decrease of $42 million to deferred income tax assets and an increase of $22 million to goodwill.

Goodwill arose on these acquisitions principally because of limited drilling activities to date and the absence of production history and material reserve data associated with the very large estimated geologic potential of an emerging trend targeting deep-seated structures in the shallow waters of the GOM and onshore analogous to large discoveries in the Deepwater GOM and other proven basins' prospects. In addition, goodwill also resulted from the requirement to recognize deferred taxes on the difference between the fair value and the tax basis of the acquired assets.

A summary of changes in the carrying amount of goodwill follows:

Balance at January 1, 2013$—
Acquisitions of PXP and MMR1,916
Balance at December 31, 20131,916
Purchase accounting adjustments22
Disposal of Eagle Ford (see above)(221)
Impairment charge(1,717)
Balance at December 31, 2014$—

During fourth-quarter 2014, FCX conducted a goodwill impairment assessment because of the significant decline in oil prices, which resulted in an impairment charge of $1.7 billion for the full carrying value of goodwill. Crude oil prices and FCX's estimates of oil reserves at December 31, 2014, represented the most significant assumptions used in FCX's evaluation of goodwill (i.e., Level 3 measurement). Forward strip Brent oil prices used in FCX's estimates at December 31, 2014, ranged from approximately $62 per barrel to $80 per barrel for the years 2015 through 2021, compared with a range from approximately $90 per barrel to $98 per barrel at the acquisition date.

Refer to Note 16 for the revenue and operating (loss) income that FM O&G contributed to FCX's consolidated results for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, and for the seven-month period from June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013. FCX's acquisition-related costs for PXP and MMR totaled $74 million in 2013 and were included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. In addition, FCX deferred debt issuance costs of $96 million in connection with the debt financings for the acquisitions (refer to Note 8 for further discussion of the debt financings).

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest - PXP. In 2011, PXP issued (i) 450,000 shares of Plains Offshore Operations Inc. (Plains Offshore, a consolidated subsidiary of FM O&G) 8% Convertible Preferred Stock (Preferred Stock) for gross proceeds of $450 million and (ii) non-detachable warrants with an exercise price of $20 per share to purchase in aggregate 9.1 million shares of Plains Offshore's common stock. In 2011, Plains Offshore also issued 87 million shares of Plains Offshore Class A common stock, which will be held in escrow until the conversion and cancellation of the Preferred Stock or the exercise of the warrants. In January 2014, Plains Offshore issued (i) 24,000 shares of Preferred Stock for gross proceeds of $24 million and (ii) non-detachable warrants with an exercise price of $20 per share to purchase in aggregate 0.5 million shares of Plains Offshore's common stock. Plains Offshore holds certain of FM O&G's oil and gas properties and assets located in the GOM in water depths of 500 feet or more, including the Lucius oil field and the Phobos discovery, but excluding the properties acquired by PXP in 2012 from BP

Exploration & Production Inc., BP America Production Company and Shell Offshore Inc. The Preferred Stock represents a 20 percent equity interest in Plains Offshore and is entitled to a dividend of 8 percent per annum, payable quarterly, of which 2 percent may be deferred ($47 million of accumulated deferred dividends as of December 31, 2015). The preferred holders are entitled to vote on all matters on which Plains Offshore common stockholders are entitled to vote. The shares of Preferred Stock also fully participate, on an as-converted basis at four times, in cash dividends distributed to any class of common stockholders of Plains Offshore. Plains Offshore has not distributed any dividends to its common stockholders.

The holders of the Preferred Stock (preferred holders) have the right, at any time at their option, to convert any or all of such holder's shares of Preferred Stock and exercise any of the associated non-detachable warrants into shares of Class A common stock of Plains Offshore, at an initial conversion/exercise price of $20 per share; the conversion price is subject to adjustment as a result of certain events. At any time on or after November 17, 2016, the fifth anniversary of the closing date, FM O&G may exercise a call right to purchase all, but not less than all, of the outstanding shares of Preferred Stock and associated non-detachable warrants for cash, at a price equal to a liquidation preference as defined in the agreement. At any time, a majority of the preferred holders may cause Plains Offshore to use its commercially reasonable efforts to consummate an exit event as defined in the agreement.

The non-detachable warrants are considered to be embedded derivative instruments for accounting purposes and have been assessed as not being clearly and closely related to the Preferred Stock. Therefore, the warrants are classified as a long-term liability in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and are adjusted to fair value each reporting period with adjustments recorded in other income (expense).

The Preferred Stock of Plains Offshore is classified as temporary equity because of its redemption features and is therefore reported outside of permanent equity in FCX's consolidated balance sheets. The redeemable noncontrolling interest totaled $764 million as of December 31, 2015, and $751 million as of December 31, 2014. Remeasurement of the redeemable noncontrolling interest represents its initial carrying amount adjusted for any noncontrolling interest's share of net income (loss) or changes to the redemption value. Additionally, the carrying amount will be further increased by amounts representing dividends not currently declared or paid, but which are payable under the redemption features. Future mark-to-market adjustments to the redemption value, subject to a minimum balance of the original recorded value ($708 million) on May 31, 2013, shall be reflected in retained earnings and earnings per share. Changes in the redemption value above the original recorded value are accreted over the period from the date FCX acquired PXP to the earliest redemption date. Because the redemption value has not exceeded the original recorded value, no amounts have been accreted.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest - MMR. Following FCX's acquisition of MMR, MMR's 8% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock and 5.75% Convertible Perpetual Preferred Stock, Series 1 (totaling $259 million) converted during 2013 primarily at the make-whole conversion rates for which holders received cash of $228 million and 17.7 million royalty trust units with a fair value of $31 million at the acquisition date.

Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Financial Information. The following unaudited FCX consolidated pro forma financial information has been prepared to reflect the acquisitions of PXP and MMR. The unaudited pro forma financial information combines the historical statements of income of FCX, PXP and MMR (including the pro forma effects of PXP's GOM acquisition that was completed on November 30, 2012) for the year ended December 31, 2013, giving effect to the mergers as if they had occurred on January 1, 2012. The historical consolidated financial information for the year ended December 31, 2013, shown below has been adjusted to reflect factually supportable items that are directly attributable to the acquisitions.

Revenues$23,075
Operating income6,267
Income from continuing operations3,626
Net income attributable to common stockholders2,825
Net income per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic$2.71
Diluted2.70

The above unaudited pro forma consolidated information has been prepared for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to be indicative of the results of operations that actually would have occurred, or the results of operations

expected in future periods, had the events reflected herein occurred on the date indicated. The most significant pro forma adjustments to income from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2013, were to exclude $519 million of acquisition-related costs, the net tax benefit of $199 million of acquisition-related adjustments and the $128 million gain on the investment in MMR. Additionally, the pro forma consolidated information excluded a $77 million gain on the sale of oil and gas properties reflected in MMR's results of operations prior to the acquisition because of the application of the full cost accounting method.

Cobalt Chemical Refinery Business. On March 29, 2013, FCX, through a newly formed consolidated joint venture, completed the acquisition of a cobalt chemical refinery in Kokkola, Finland, and the related sales and marketing business. The acquisition provides direct end-market access for the cobalt hydroxide production at Tenke. The joint venture operates under the name Freeport Cobalt, and FCX is the operator with an effective 56 percent ownership interest. The remaining effective ownership interest is held by FCX's partners in TFM, including 24 percent by Lundin and 20 percent by La Générale des Carrières et des Mines (Gécamines). Consideration paid was $382 million, which included $34 million for cash acquired, and was funded 70 percent by FCX and 30 percent by Lundin. Under the terms of the acquisition agreement, there is also the potential for additional consideration of up to $110 million over a period of three years, contingent upon the achievement of revenue-based performance targets. As of December 31, 2015, no amount was recorded for this contingency because these targets are not expected to be achieved.

NOTE 3. OWNERSHIP IN SUBSIDIARIES AND JOINT VENTURES

Ownership in Subsidiaries. FMC is a fully integrated producer of copper and molybdenum, with mines in North America, South America and the Tenke minerals district in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). At December 31, 2015, FMC’s operating mines in North America were Morenci, Bagdad, Safford, Sierrita and Miami located in Arizona; Tyrone and Chino located in New Mexico; and Henderson and Climax located in Colorado. FCX has an 85 percent interest in Morenci (refer to “Joint Ventures – Sumitomo”) and owns 100 percent of the other North America mines. At December 31, 2015, operating mines in South America were Cerro Verde (53.56 percent owned) located in Peru and El Abra (51 percent owned) located in Chile. At December 31, 2015, FMC owned an effective 56 percent interest in the Tenke minerals district in the DRC. At December 31, 2015, FMC’s net assets totaled $18.9 billion and its accumulated deficit totaled $10.4 billion. FCX had no loans outstanding to FMC at December 31, 2015.

FCX’s direct ownership in PT-FI totals 81.28 percent. PT Indocopper Investama, an Indonesian company, owns 9.36 percent of PT-FI, and FCX owns 100 percent of PT Indocopper Investama. Refer to "Joint Ventures - Rio Tinto" for discussion of the unincorporated joint ventures. At December 31, 2015, PT-FI's net assets totaled $5.6 billion and its retained earnings totaled $5.4 billion. FCX had $310 million in intercompany loans outstanding to PT-FI at December 31, 2015.

FCX owns 100 percent of the outstanding Atlantic Copper common stock. At December 31, 2015, Atlantic Copper’s net liabilities totaled $79 million and its accumulated deficit totaled $489 million. FCX had $248 million in intercompany loans outstanding to Atlantic Copper at December 31, 2015.

FCX owns 100 percent of FM O&G, which has a portfolio of oil and gas assets. At December 31, 2015, FM O&G’s net liabilities totaled $7.4 billion and its accumulated deficit totaled $19.0 billion. FCX had $6.6 billion in intercompany loans outstanding to FM O&G at December 31, 2015.

Joint Ventures. FCX has the following unincorporated joint ventures.

Rio Tinto. PT-FI and Rio Tinto have established an unincorporated joint venture pursuant to which Rio Tinto has a 40 percent interest in PT-FI’s Contract of Work (COW) and the option to participate in 40 percent of any other future exploration projects in Papua, Indonesia.

Pursuant to the joint venture agreement, Rio Tinto has a 40 percent interest in certain assets and future production exceeding specified annual amounts of copper, gold and silver through 2021 in Block A of PT-FI’s COW, and, after 2021, a 40 percent interest in all production from Block A. All of PT-FI’s proven and probable reserves and all its mining operations are located in the Block A area. PT-FI receives 100 percent of production and related revenues from reserves established as of December 31, 1994 (27.1 billion pounds of copper, 38.4 million ounces of gold and 75.8 million ounces of silver), divided into annual portions subject to reallocation for events causing changes in the anticipated production schedule. Production and related revenues exceeding those annual amounts (referred to as incremental expansion revenues) are shared 60 percent PT-FI and 40 percent Rio Tinto. Operating, nonexpansion

capital and administrative costs are shared 60 percent PT-FI and 40 percent Rio Tinto based on the ratio of (i) the incremental expansion revenues to (ii) total revenues from production from Block A, with PT-FI responsible for the rest of such costs. PT-FI will continue to receive 100 percent of the cash flow from specified annual amounts of copper, gold and silver through 2021 calculated by reference to its proven and probable reserves as of December 31, 1994, and 60 percent of all remaining cash flow. Expansion capital costs are shared 60 percent PT-FI and 40 percent Rio Tinto. The payable to Rio Tinto for its share of joint venture cash flows was $10 million at December 31, 2015, and $29 million at December 31, 2014.

Sumitomo. FCX owns an 85 percent undivided interest in Morenci via an unincorporated joint venture. The remaining 15 percent is owned by Sumitomo, a jointly owned subsidiary of Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. (SMM) and Sumitomo Corporation. Each partner takes in kind its share of Morenci’s production. FMC purchased 98 million pounds of Morenci’s copper cathode from Sumitomo at market prices for $244 million during 2015. FCX had a receivable from Sumitomo of $10 million at December 31, 2015, and $11 million at December 31, 2014.

In February 2016, FCX entered into a definitive agreement to sell a 13 percent undivided interest in its Morenci unincorporated joint venture to SMM (refer to Note 18 for further discussion).

NOTE 4. INVENTORIES, INCLUDING LONG-TERM MILL AND LEACH STOCKPILES

The components of inventories follow:

December 31,
20152014
Current inventories:
Total materials and supplies, neta$1,869$1,886
Mill stockpiles$137$86
Leach stockpiles1,5871,828
Total current mill and leach stockpiles$1,724$1,914
Raw materials (primarily concentrate)$220$288
Work-in-process108174
Finished goods8671,099
Total product inventories$1,195$1,561
Long-term inventories:
Mill stockpiles$480$360
Leach stockpiles1,7911,819
Total long-term inventoriesb$2,271$2,179
a.Materials and supplies inventory was net of obsolescence reserves totaling $29 million at December 31, 2015, and $20 million at December 31, 2014.
b.Estimated metals in stockpiles not expected to be recovered within the next 12 months.

FCX recorded charges for adjustments to inventory carrying values of $338 million ($215 million for copper inventories and $123 million for molybdenum inventories) for 2015, primarily because of lower copper and molybdenum prices (refer to Note 16 for inventory adjustments by business segment).

NOTE 5. PROPERTY, PLANT, EQUIPMENT AND MINING DEVELOPMENT COSTS, NET

The components of net property, plant, equipment and mining development costs follow:

December 31,
20152014
Proven and probable mineral reserves$4,663$4,651
VBPP1,0371,042
Mining development and other5,1844,712
Buildings and infrastructure7,4515,100
Machinery and equipment13,75911,251
Mobile equipment4,1583,926
Construction in progress3,9996,802
Property, plant, equipment and mining development costs40,25137,484
Accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization(12,742)(11,264)
Property, plant, equipment and mining development costs, net$27,509$26,220

FCX recorded $2.2 billion for VBPP in connection with the FMC acquisition in 2007 and transferred $10 million to proven and probable mineral reserves during 2015, $2 million during 2014 and $784 million prior to 2014. Cumulative impairments of VBPP total $485 million, which were primarily recorded in 2008.

Capitalized interest, which primarily related to FCX's mining operations' capital projects, totaled $157 million in 2015, $148 million in 2014 and $105 million in 2013.

Because of a decline in commodity prices, FCX made adjustments to its operating plans for its mining operations in the third and fourth quarters of 2015. Although FCX’s long-term strategy of developing its mining resources to their full potential remains in place, the decline in copper and molybdenum prices has limited FCX’s ability to invest in growth projects and caused FCX to make adjustments to its near-term plans by revising its strategy to protect liquidity while preserving its mineral resources and growth options for the longer term. Accordingly, operating plans were revised primarily to reflect: (a) the suspension of mining operations at the Miami mine in Arizona; (b) a 50 percent reduction in mining rates at the Tyrone mine in New Mexico; (c) the suspension of production at the Sierrita mine in Arizona; (d) adjustments to mining rates at other North America copper mines; (e) an approximate 50 percent reduction in mining and stacking rates at the El Abra mine in Chile; (f) an approximate 65 percent reduction in molybdenum production volumes at the Henderson molybdenum mine in Colorado; (g) capital cost reductions, including project deferrals associated with future development and expansion opportunities at the Tenke Fungurume minerals district in the DRC; and (h) reductions in operating, administrative and exploration costs, including workforce reductions.

In connection with the decline in copper and molybdenum prices and the revised operating plans discussed above, FCX evaluated its long-lived assets (other than indefinite-lived intangible assets) for impairment during 2015 and as of December 31, 2015, as described in Note 1. FCX’s evaluations of its copper mines at December 31, 2015, were based on near-term price assumptions reflecting prevailing copper future prices, which ranged from approximately $2.15 per pound to $2.17 per pound for COMEX and from $2.13 per pound to $2.16 per pound for LME, and a long-term average price of $3.00 per pound. FCX's evaluations of its molybdenum mines at December 31, 2015, were based on near-term price assumptions that are consistent with current market prices for molybdenum and a long-term average price of $10.00 per pound.

FCX’s evaluations of long-lived assets (other than indefinite-lived intangible assets) resulted in the recognition of a charge to production costs for the impairment of the Tyrone mine totaling $37 million in 2015, net of a revision to Tyrone's ARO.

NOTE 6. OTHER ASSETS

The components of other assets follow:

December 31,
20152014
Disputed tax assessments:a
Cerro Verde$254$232
PT-FI209279
Intangible assetsb317334
Investments:
Assurance bondc118115
PT Smeltingd112107
Available-for-sale securities4746
Other6260
Long-term receivable for taxese28063
Long-lead equipment18743
Loan to a DRC public electric utility174164
Legally restricted fundsf171172
Deferred drillship costs81113
Rio Tinto's share of ARO4950
Loan to Gécamines (related party)3937
Other142141
Total other assets$2,242$1,956
a.Refer to Note 12 for further discussion.
b.Intangible assets were net of accumulated amortization totaling $61 million at December 31, 2015, and $62 million at December 31, 2014.
c.Relates to PT-FI's commitment for smelter development in Indonesia (refer to Note 13 for further discussion).
d.FCX's 25 percent ownership in PT Smelting (smelter and refinery in Gresik, Indonesia) is recorded using the equity method. Amounts were reduced by unrecognized profits on sales from PT-FI to PT Smelting totaling $14 million at December 31, 2015, and $24 million at December 31, 2014. Trade accounts receivable from PT Smelting totaled $160 million at December 31, 2015, and $182 million at December 31, 2014.
e.Includes tax overpayments and refunds not expected to be realized within the next 12 months (primarily at PT-FI, Cerro Verde and Tenke).
f.Includes $169 million at December 31, 2015, and $168 million at December 31, 2014, for AROs related to properties in New Mexico (refer to Note 12 for further discussion).

NOTE 7. ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND ACCRUED LIABILITIES

Additional information regarding accounts payable and accrued liabilities follows:

December 31,
20152014
Accounts payable$2,342$2,439
Salaries, wages and other compensation232373
Other accrued taxes202137
Accrued interesta165166
Pension, postretirement, postemployment and other employee benefitsb132106
Oil and gas royalty and revenue payable5376
Deferred revenue48105
Other181251
Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities$3,355$3,653
a.Third-party interest paid, net of capitalized interest, was $570 million in 2015, $637 million in 2014 and $397 million in 2013.
b.Refer to Note 9 for long-term portion.

NOTE 8. DEBT

FCX's debt at December 31, 2015, included additions of $210 million for unamortized fair value adjustments (primarily from the 2013 oil and gas acquisitions), and is net of reductions of $129 million for unamortized net discounts and unamortized debt issuance costs; and at December 31, 2014, included additions of $240 million for unamortized fair value adjustments, and is net of reductions of $143 million for unamortized net discounts and unamortized debt issuance costs. The components of debt follow:

December 31,
20152014
Bank term loan$3,032$3,036
Revolving credit facility——
Lines of credit442474
Cerro Verde credit facility1,781402
Cerro Verde shareholder loans259—
Senior notes and debentures:
Issued by FCX:
2.15% Senior Notes due 2017499498
2.30% Senior Notes due 2017747745
2.375% Senior Notes due 20181,4951,493
3.100% Senior Notes due 2020995993
4.00% Senior Notes due 2021594593
3.55% Senior Notes due 20221,9871,985
3.875% Senior Notes due 20231,9871,986
4.55% Senior Notes due 2024843842
5.40% Senior Notes due 2034788787
5.450% Senior Notes due 20431,9731,972
Issued by Freeport-McMoRan Oil & Gas LLC (FM O&G LLC):
6.125% Senior Notes due 2019251255
6½% Senior Notes due 2020662670
6.625% Senior Notes due 2021281284
6.75% Senior Notes due 2022488493
67/8% Senior Notes due 2023857866
Issued by FMC:
71/8% Debentures due 2027115115
9½% Senior Notes due 2031128129
61/8% Senior Notes due 2034116116
Other (including equipment capital leases and other short-term borrowings)108115
Total debt20,42818,849
Less current portion of debt(649)(478)
Long-term debt$19,779$18,371

Bank Term Loan. In February 2013, FCX entered into an agreement for a $4.0 billion unsecured bank term loan (Term Loan) in connection with the acquisitions of PXP and MMR. Upon closing the PXP acquisition, FCX borrowed $4.0 billion under the Term Loan, and FM O&G LLC (a wholly owned subsidiary of FM O&G and the successor entity of PXP) joined the Term Loan as a borrower. In February and December 2015, FCX's Term Loan was modified to amend the maximum total leverage ratio. In addition, in conjunction with the February 2015 amendment, the Term Loan amortization schedule was extended such that, as amended, the Term Loan’s scheduled payments total $205 million in 2016, $272 million in 2017, $1.0 billion in 2018, $313 million in 2019 and $1.3 billion in 2020, compared with the previous amortization schedule of $650 million in 2016, $200 million in 2017 and $2.2 billion in 2018. At FCX's option, the Term Loan bears interest at either an adjusted London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) or an alternate base rate (ABR) (as defined under the Term Loan agreement) plus a spread determined by reference to FCX's credit ratings (LIBOR plus 1.75 percent or ABR plus 0.75 percent at December 31, 2015; as of February 12, 2016, LIBOR plus 2.25 percent or ABR plus 1.25 percent). The interest rate on the Term Loan was 2.18 percent at December 31, 2015. In February 2016, the Term Loan was amended (refer to Note 18 for further discussion).

Revolving Credit Facility. In May 2014, FCX, PT-FI and FM O&G LLC amended the senior unsecured $3.0 billion revolving credit facility to extend the maturity date one year to May 31, 2019, and increase the aggregate facility amount from $3.0 billion to $4.0 billion, with $500 million available to PT-FI. FCX, PT-FI and FM O&G LLC had

entered into the $3.0 billion revolving credit facility on May 31, 2013 (upon completion of the acquisition of PXP). In February and December 2015, FCX modified the revolving credit facility to amend the maximum total leverage ratio. At December 31, 2015, FCX had no borrowings outstanding and $36 million of letters of credit issued under the revolving credit facility, resulting in availability of approximately $4 billion, of which $1.5 billion could be used for additional letters of credit. In February 2016, the revolving credit facility was amended (refer to Note 18 for further discussion).

Interest on the revolving credit facility (LIBOR plus 1.75 percent or ABR plus 0.75 percent at December 31, 2015; as of February 12, 2016, LIBOR plus 2.25 percent or ABR plus 1.25 percent) is determined by reference to FCX's credit ratings.

Lines of Credit. At December 31, 2015, FCX had $442 million outstanding on its uncommitted and short-term lines of credit with certain financial institutions. These unsecured lines of credit allow FCX to borrow at a spread over LIBOR or the respective financial institution's cost of funds with terms and pricing that are generally more favorable than FCX's revolving credit facility. The weighted-average effective interest rate on the lines of credit was 1.36 percent at December 31, 2015, and 1.29 percent at December 31, 2014.

Cerro Verde Credit Facility. In March 2014, Cerro Verde entered into a five-year, $1.8 billion senior unsecured credit facility that is nonrecourse to FCX and the other shareholders of Cerro Verde. The credit facility allows for term loan borrowings up to the full amount of the facility, less any amounts issued and outstanding under a $500 million letter of credit sublimit. Interest on amounts drawn under the term loan is based on LIBOR plus a spread (2.40 percent at December 31, 2015) based on Cerro Verde’s total net debt to EBITDA ratio as defined in the agreement. At December 31, 2015, term loan borrowings under the facility totaled $1.8 billion and were used to fund a portion of Cerro Verde’s expansion project and for Cerro Verde's general corporate purposes. The credit facility amortizes in four installments in amounts necessary for the aggregate borrowings and outstanding letters of credit not to exceed 85 percent of the $1.8 billion commitment on September 30, 2017, 70 percent on March 31, 2018, and 35 percent on September 30, 2018, with the remaining balance due on the maturity date of March 10, 2019. At December 31, 2015, no letters of credit were issued under Cerro Verde’s credit facility. The interest rate on Cerro Verde's credit facility was 2.82 percent at December 31, 2015.

Cerro Verde Shareholder Loans. In December 2014, Cerro Verde entered into loan agreements with its largest shareholders for borrowings up to $800 million. Cerro Verde can designate all or a portion of the shareholder loans as subordinated. If the loans are not designated as subordinated, they bear interest at LIBOR plus the current spread on Cerro Verde’s credit facility. If they are designated as subordinated, they bear interest at the same rate plus 0.5 percent. The loans mature on December 22, 2019, unless at that time there is senior financing associated with the Cerro Verde expansion project that is senior to the shareholder loans, in which case the shareholder loans mature two years following the maturity of the senior financing. During 2015, Cerro Verde borrowed $600 million under these shareholder loans (including $341 million from FMC, which is eliminated in consolidation).

Senior Notes issued by FCX. In November 2014, FCX sold $750 million of 2.30% Senior Notes due 2017, $600 million of 4.00% Senior Notes due 2021, $850 million of 4.55% Senior Notes due 2024 and $800 million of 5.40% Senior Notes due 2034 for total net proceeds of $2.97 billion. The 2.30% Senior Notes and the 4.00% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price. The 4.55% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price prior to August 14, 2024, and thereafter at 100 percent of principal. The 5.40% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price prior to May 14, 2034, and thereafter at 100 percent of principal. FCX used the net proceeds from these senior notes to repay certain of its outstanding debt.

In March 2013, in connection with the financing of FCX's acquisitions of PXP and MMR, FCX issued $6.5 billion of unsecured senior notes in four tranches. FCX sold $1.5 billion of 2.375% Senior Notes due March 2018, $1.0 billion of 3.100% Senior Notes due March 2020, $2.0 billion of 3.875% Senior Notes due March 2023 and $2.0 billion of 5.450% Senior Notes due March 2043 for total net proceeds of $6.4 billion. The 2.375% Senior Notes and the 3.100% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price. The 3.875% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price prior to December 15, 2022, and thereafter at 100 percent of principal. The 5.450% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price prior to September 15, 2042, and thereafter at 100 percent of principal.

In February 2012, FCX sold $500 million of 2.15% Senior Notes due 2017 and $2 billion of 3.55% Senior Notes due 2022 for total net proceeds of $2.47 billion. The 2.15% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price prior to the redemption date. The 3.55% Senior Notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FCX, at a make-whole redemption price prior to December 1, 2021, and thereafter at 100 percent of principal.

These senior notes rank equally with FCX's other existing and future unsecured and unsubordinated indebtedness.

Senior Notes issued by FM O&G LLC. In May 2013, in connection with the acquisition of PXP, FCX assumed unsecured senior notes with a stated value of $6.4 billion, which was increased by $716 million to reflect the acquisition-date fair market value of these senior notes. After a number of redemptions, as of December 31, 2015, the stated value of these notes totaled $2.3 billion, which was increased by $197 million to reflect the remaining unamortized acquisition-date fair market value adjustments that are being amortized over the term of the senior notes and recorded as a reduction of interest expense. These senior notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at the option of FM O&G LLC, at make-whole redemption prices prior to the dates stated below, and beginning on the dates stated below at specified redemption prices. Upon completion of the acquisition of PXP, FCX guaranteed these senior notes.

Debt InstrumentDate
6.125% Senior Notes due 2019June 15, 2016
6½% Senior Notes due 2020November 15, 2015
6.625% Senior Notes due 2021May 1, 2016
6.75% Senior Notes due 2022February 1, 2017
67/8% Senior Notes due 2023February 15, 2018

Additionally, in connection with the acquisition of MMR, FCX assumed MMR's 11.875% Senior Notes due 2014, 4% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 and 5¼% Convertible Senior Notes due 2013 with a total stated value of $558 million, which was increased by $62 million to reflect the acquisition-date fair market value of these obligations. During 2013, all of the 11.875% Senior Notes due 2014 were redeemed, and holders of 4% Convertible Senior Notes due 2017 and 5¼% Convertible Senior Notes due 2013 converted their notes into merger consideration totaling $306 million, including cash payments of $270 million and 21.0 million royalty trust units with a fair value of $36 million at the acquisition date. At December 31, 2015 and 2014, there were no outstanding amounts in connection with MMR’s senior notes.

Early Extinguishments of Debt. A summary of debt extinguishments during 2014 resulting from redemptions and tender offers follows:

Principal AmountPurchase Accounting Fair Value AdjustmentsBook Value(Loss) Gain
1.40% Senior Notes due 2015$500$—$500$(1)
6.125% Senior Notes due 201951340553(2)
8.625% Senior Notes due 20194004144124
7.625% Senior Notes due 20203003233214
6½% Senior Notes due 20208837996210
6.625% Senior Notes due 2021339313703
6.75% Senior Notes due 2022551576088
67/8% Senior Notes due 20237228480621
$4,208$364$4,572$77

In addition, FCX recorded a loss on early extinguishment of debt of $4 million associated with the modification of its revolving credit facility in May 2014 and for fees related to the tender offers in December 2014.

In 2013, FCX completed the following transactions that resulted in a net loss on early extinguishment of debt of $35 million: (i) the termination of its $9.5 billion acquisition bridge loan facility, which was entered into in December 2012 to provide interim financing for the acquisitions of PXP and MMR but was replaced with other financing, that resulted in a loss of $45 million; (ii) the repayment of the $3.9 billion outstanding under PXP’s amended credit facility and the redemption of all of PXP’s 75/8% Senior Notes due 2018 for $415 million, which did not result in a

gain or loss; partially offset by (iii) the redemption of MMR’s remaining outstanding 11.875% Senior Notes due 2014 for $299 million, which resulted in a gain of $10 million.

Guarantees. In connection with the acquisition of PXP, FCX guaranteed the PXP senior notes, and the guarantees by certain PXP subsidiaries were released. Refer to Note 17 for a discussion of FCX’s senior notes guaranteed by FM O&G LLC.

Restrictive Covenants. FCX's Term Loan and revolving credit facility contain customary affirmative covenants and representations, and also contain a number of negative covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, the ability of FCX’s subsidiaries that are not borrowers or guarantors to incur additional indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) and FCX’s ability or the ability of FCX’s subsidiaries to: create liens on assets; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; engage in mergers, liquidations and dissolutions; and sell all or substantially all of the assets of FCX and its subsidiaries, taken as a whole. FCX's Term Loan and revolving credit facility also contain financial ratios governing maximum total leverage and minimum interest coverage. Following the December 2015 amendment, FCX's leverage ratio (Net Debt/EBITDA, as defined in the credit agreement) cannot exceed 5.5x at December 31, 2015, 5.9x for the quarters ending March 31, 2016, and June 30, 2016, and declining to 5.0x by the quarter ending December 31, 2016, 4.25x in 2017 and 3.75x thereafter. The December 2015 amendment also increases the interest rate spreads under specified conditions. Additionally, the Term Loan's December 2015 amendment requires prepayment of the Term Loan with 50 percent of the net proceeds of certain asset dispositions. In February 2016, the Term Loan and revolving credit facility were amended (refer to Note 18 for further discussion). FCX’s senior notes contain limitations on liens. At December 31, 2015, FCX was in compliance with all of its covenants.

Maturities. Maturities of debt instruments based on the principal amounts and terms outstanding at December 31, 2015, total $649 million in 2016, $1.8 billion in 2017, $3.4 billion in 2018, $1.4 billion in 2019, $2.9 billion in 2020 and $10.2 billion thereafter.

NOTE 9. OTHER LIABILITIES, INCLUDING EMPLOYEE BENEFITS

Information regarding other liabilities follows:

December 31,
20152014
Pension, postretirement, postemployment and other employment benefitsa$1,260$1,430
Provision for tax positions152157
Legal matters7763
Insurance claim reserves5956
Other108155
Total other liabilities$1,656$1,861
a.Refer to Note 7 for current portion.

Pension Plans. Following is a discussion of FCX’s pension plans.

FMC Plans. FMC has U.S. trusteed, non-contributory pension plans covering substantially all of its U.S. employees and some employees of its international subsidiaries hired before 2007. The applicable FMC plan design determines the manner in which benefits are calculated for any particular group of employees. Benefits are calculated based on final average monthly compensation and years of service or based on a fixed amount for each year of service. Non-bargained FMC employees hired after December 31, 2006, are not eligible to participate in the FMC U.S. pension plan.

FCX’s funding policy for these plans provides that contributions to pension trusts shall be at least equal to the minimum funding requirements of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, for U.S. plans; or, in the case of international plans, the minimum legal requirements that may be applicable in the various countries. Additional contributions also may be made from time to time.

FCX’s policy for determining asset-mix targets for the FMC plan assets held in a master trust (Master Trust) includes the periodic development of asset and liability studies to determine expected long-term rates of return and expected risk for various investment portfolios. FCX’s retirement plan administration and investment committee considers these studies in the formal establishment of asset-mix targets. FCX’s investment objective emphasizes

the need to maintain a well-diversified investment program through both the allocation of the Master Trust assets among asset classes and the selection of investment managers whose various styles are fundamentally complementary to one another and serve to achieve satisfactory rates of return. Diversification, by asset class and by investment manager, is FCX’s principal means of reducing volatility and exercising prudent investment judgment. FCX’s present target asset allocation approximates 43 percent equity investments (primarily global equities), 46 percent fixed income (primarily long-term treasury STRIPS or "separate trading or registered interest and principal securities"; long-term U.S. treasury/agency bonds; global fixed income securities; long-term, high-credit quality corporate bonds; high-yield and emerging markets fixed income securities; and fixed income debt securities) and 11 percent alternative investments (private real estate, real estate investment trusts and private equity).

The expected rate of return on plan assets is evaluated at least annually, taking into consideration asset allocation, historical returns on the types of assets held in the Master Trust and the current economic environment. Based on these factors, FCX expects the pension assets will earn an average of 7.25 percent per annum beginning January 1, 2016. The 7.25 percent estimation was based on a passive return on a compound basis of 6.75 percent and a premium for active management of 0.5 percent reflecting the target asset allocation and current investment array.

For estimation purposes, FCX assumes the long-term asset mix for these plans generally will be consistent with the current mix. Changes in the asset mix could impact the amount of recorded pension income or expense, the funded status of the plans and the need for future cash contributions. A lower-than-expected return on assets also would decrease plan assets and increase the amount of recorded pension expense in future years. When calculating the expected return on plan assets, FCX uses the market value of assets.

Among the assumptions used to estimate the pension benefit obligation is a discount rate used to calculate the present value of expected future benefit payments for service to date. The discount rate assumption for FCX’s U.S. plans is designed to reflect yields on high-quality, fixed-income investments for a given duration. The determination of the discount rate for these plans is based on expected future benefit payments for service to date together with the Mercer Pension Discount Curve - Above Mean Yield. The Mercer Pension Discount Curve - Above Mean Yield is constructed from the bonds in the Mercer Pension Discount Curve that have a yield higher than the regression mean yield curve. The Mercer Pension Discount Curve consists of spot (i.e., zero coupon) interest rates at one-half year increments for each of the next 30 years and is developed based on pricing and yield information for high-quality corporate bonds. Changes in the discount rate are reflected in FCX’s benefit obligation and, therefore, in future pension costs.

Other FCX Plans. In 2004, FCX established an unfunded Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP) for its two most senior executive officers. The SERP provides for retirement benefits payable in the form of a joint and survivor annuity or an equivalent lump sum. The annuity will equal a percentage of the executive’s highest average compensation for any consecutive three-year period during the five years immediately preceding 25 years of credited service. The SERP benefit will be reduced by the value of all benefits paid or due under any defined benefit or defined contribution plan sponsored by FM Services Company, FCX’s wholly owned subsidiary, FCX or its predecessor, but not including accounts funded exclusively by deductions from participant’s pay. One of the executive officers retired in December 2015 and will receive a lump sum payment of $27 million in 2016.

PT-FI Plan. PT-FI has a defined benefit pension plan denominated in Indonesian rupiah covering substantially all of its Indonesian national employees. PT-FI funds the plan and invests the assets in accordance with Indonesian pension guidelines. The pension obligation was valued at an exchange rate of 13,726 rupiah to one U.S. dollar on December 31, 2015, and 12,378 rupiah to one U.S. dollar on December 31, 2014. Indonesian labor laws require that companies provide a minimum level of benefits to employees upon employment termination based on the reason for termination and the employee’s years of service. PT-FI’s pension benefit disclosures include benefits related to this law. PT-FI’s expected rate of return on plan assets is evaluated at least annually, taking into consideration its long-range estimated return for the plan based on the asset mix. Based on these factors, PT-FI expects its pension assets will earn an average of 7.75 percent per annum beginning January 1, 2016. The discount rate assumption for PT-FI's plan is based on the Mercer Indonesian zero coupon bond yield curve derived from the Indonesian Government Security Yield Curve. Changes in the discount rate are reflected in PT-FI's benefit obligation and, therefore, in future pension costs.

Plan Information. FCX uses a measurement date of December 31 for its plans. Information for those plans where the accumulated benefit obligations exceed the fair value of plan assets follows:

December 31,
20152014
Projected benefit obligation$2,139$2,221
Accumulated benefit obligation2,0372,090
Fair value of plan assets1,3991,433

Information on the FCX (including FMC’s plans and FCX’s SERP plans) and PT-FI plans as of December 31 follows:

FCXPT-FI
2015201420152014
Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning
of year$2,179$1,871$318$259
Service cost36302622
Interest cost87922323
Actuarial (gains) losses(118)278(7)30
Foreign exchange gains(2)(2)(32)(7)
Special retirement benefitsa22———
Benefits paid(100)(90)(10)(9)
Benefit obligation at end of year2,1042,179318318
Change in plan assets:
Fair value of plan assets at
beginning of year1,4161,350185124
Actual return on plan assets(26)151620
Employer contributionsb9064255
Foreign exchange losses(1)(1)(19)(5)
Benefits paid(100)(90)(10)(9)
Fair value of plan assets at end
of year1,3791,416204185
Funded status$(725)$(763)$(114)$(133)
Accumulated benefit obligation$2,001$2,048$175$168
Weighted-average assumptions
used to determine benefit obligations:
Discount rate4.60%4.10%9.00%8.25%
Rate of compensation increase3.25%3.25%9.40%9.00%
Balance sheet classification of
funded status:
Other assets$8$8$—$—
Accounts payable and
accrued liabilities(35)(4)——
Other liabilities(698)(767)(114)(133)
Total$(725)$(763)$(114)$(133)
a.Resulted from revised mine operating plans and reductions in the workforce (refer to Note 5 for further discussion).
b.Employer contributions for 2016 are expected to approximate $38 million for the FCX plans and $38 million for the PT-FI plan (based on a December 31, 2015, exchange rate of 13,726 Indonesian rupiah to one U.S. dollar).

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost and the components of net periodic benefit cost for FCX’s pension plans for the years ended December 31 follow:

201520142013
Weighted-average assumptions:a
Discount rate4.10%5.00%4.10%
Expected return on plan assets7.25%7.50%7.50%
Rate of compensation increase3.25%3.75%3.75%
Service cost$36$30$30
Interest cost879277
Expected return on plan assets(102)(98)(95)
Amortization of prior service credit—(1)—
Amortization of net actuarial losses452838
Special retirement benefits22——
Net periodic benefit cost$88$51$50
a.The assumptions shown relate only to the FMC plans.

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost and the components of net periodic benefit cost for PT-FI’s pension plan for the years ended December 31 follow:

201520142013
Weighted-average assumptions:
Discount rate8.25%9.00%6.25%
Expected return on plan assets7.75%7.75%7.50%
Rate of compensation increase9.00%9.00%8.00%
Service cost$26$22$20
Interest cost232314
Expected return on plan assets(14)(10)(10)
Amortization of prior service cost33—
Amortization of net actuarial loss688
Net periodic benefit cost$44$46$32

Included in accumulated other comprehensive loss are the following amounts that have not been recognized in net periodic pension cost as of December 31:

20152014
Before TaxesAfter Taxes and Noncontrolling InterestsBefore TaxesAfter Taxes and Noncontrolling Interests
Prior service costs$23$12$28$15
Net actuarial loss697426749456
$720$438$777$471

Actuarial losses in excess of 10 percent of the greater of the projected benefit obligation or market-related value of plan assets are amortized over the expected average remaining future service period of the current active participants. The amount expected to be recognized in 2016 net periodic pension cost for actuarial losses is $47 million ($29 million net of tax and noncontrolling interests).

FCX does not expect to have any plan assets returned to it in 2016. Plan assets are classified within a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), then to significant observable inputs (Level 2) and the lowest priority to significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).

A summary of the fair value hierarchy for pension plan assets associated with the FCX plans follows:

Fair Value at December 31, 2015
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Commingled/collective funds:
Global equity$399$—$399$—
Fixed income securities129—129—
Global fixed income securities101—101—
Real estate property66——66
Emerging markets equity60—60—
U.S. small-cap equity56—56—
International small-cap equity56—56—
U.S. real estate securities55—55—
Short-term investments25—25—
Fixed income:
Government bonds215—215—
Corporate bonds145—145—
Private equity investments31——31
Other investments39138—
Total investments1,377$1$1,279$97
Cash and receivables6
Payables(4)
Total pension plan net assets$1,379
Fair Value at December 31, 2014
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Commingled/collective funds:
Global equity$487$—$487$—
Global fixed income securities106—106—
Fixed income securities99—99—
U.S. small-cap equity69—69—
U.S. real estate securities54—54—
Real estate property54——54
Short-term investments8—8—
Open-ended mutual funds:
Emerging markets equity3838——
Mutual funds:
Emerging markets equity2525——
Fixed income:
Government bonds244—244—
Corporate bonds148—148—
Private equity investments39——39
Other investments35—35—
Total investments1,406$63$1,250$93
Cash and receivables19
Payables(9)
Total pension plan net assets$1,416

Following is a description of the pension plan asset categories and the valuation techniques used to measure fair value. There have been no changes to the techniques used to measure fair value.

Commingled/collective funds are managed by several fund managers and are valued at the net asset value per unit of the fund. For most of these funds, the majority of the underlying assets are actively traded securities; however, the unit level is considered to be at the fund level. These funds (except the real estate property funds) require less than a month's notice for redemptions and, as such, are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Real estate property funds are valued at net realizable value using information from independent appraisal firms, who

have knowledge and expertise about the current market values of real property in the same vicinity as the investments. Redemptions of the real estate property funds are allowed once per quarter, subject to available cash and, as such, are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy.

Fixed income investments include government and corporate bonds held directly by the Master Trust or through commingled funds. Fixed income securities are valued using a bid evaluation price or a mid-evaluation price and, as such, are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. A bid evaluation price is an estimated price at which a dealer would pay for a security. A mid-evaluation price is the average of the estimated price at which a dealer would sell a security and the estimated price at which a dealer would pay for a security. These evaluations are based on quoted prices, if available, or models that use observable inputs.

Private equity investments are valued at net realizable value using information from general partners and are classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because of the inherent restrictions on redemptions that may affect the ability to sell the investments at their net asset value in the near term.

Open-ended mutual funds were managed by registered investment companies and were valued at the daily published net asset value of shares/units held. Because redemptions and purchases of shares/units occur at the net asset value without any adjustments to the published net asset value that was provided on an ongoing basis (active-market criteria are met), these investments were classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

Mutual funds were valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities were traded and, as such, are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

A summary of changes in the fair value of FCX’s Level 3 pension plan assets for the years ended December 31 follows:

Real Estate PropertyPrivate Equity InvestmentsTotal
Balance at January 1, 2014$47$43$90
Actual return on plan assets:
Realized gains2—2
Net unrealized gains (losses) related to
assets still held at the end of the year6(1)5
Purchases—11
Sales(1)—(1)
Settlements, net—(4)(4)
Balance at December 31, 2014543993
Actual return on plan assets:
Realized gains2—2
Net unrealized gains (losses) related to
assets still held at the end of the year11(5)6
Purchases—11
Sales(1)—(1)
Settlements, net—(4)(4)
Balance at December 31, 2015$66$31$97

A summary of the fair value hierarchy for pension plan assets associated with the PT-FI plan follows:

Fair Value at December 31, 2015
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Common stocks$43$43$—$—
Government bonds4141——
Mutual funds1212——
Total investments96$96$—$—
Cash and receivablesa108
Total pension plan net assets$204
Fair Value at December 31, 2014
TotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Common stocks$43$43$—$—
Government bonds2727——
Mutual funds1414——
Total investments84$84$—$—
Cash and receivablesa101
Total pension plan net assets$185
a.Cash consists primarily of short-term time deposits.

Following is a description of the valuation techniques used for pension plan assets measured at fair value associated with the PT-FI plan. There have been no changes to the techniques used to measure fair value.

Common stocks, government bonds and mutual funds are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded and, as such, are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

The techniques described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while FCX believes its valuation techniques are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different techniques or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date.

The expected benefit payments for FCX’s and PT-FI’s pension plans follow:

FCXPT-FIa
2016$155$20
201714012
201811022
201911328
202011537
2021 through 2025610264
a.Based on a December 31, 2015, exchange rate of 13,726 Indonesian rupiah to one U.S. dollar.

Postretirement and Other Benefits. FCX also provides postretirement medical and life insurance benefits for certain U.S. employees and, in some cases, employees of certain international subsidiaries. These postretirement benefits vary among plans, and many plans require contributions from retirees. The expected cost of providing such postretirement benefits is accrued during the years employees render service.

The benefit obligation (funded status) for the postretirement medical and life insurance benefit plans consisted of a current portion of $15 million (included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities) and a long-term portion of $144 million (included in other liabilities) at December 31, 2015, and a current portion of $17 million and a long-term portion of $162 million at December 31, 2014. The discount rate used to determine the benefit obligation for these plans, which was determined on the same basis as FCX's pension plans, was 4.10 percent at December 31, 2015, and 3.60 percent at December 31, 2014. Expected benefit payments for these plans total $15 million for 2016, $16 million for 2017, $14 million for 2018, $15 million for 2019, $14 million for 2020 and $59 million for 2021 through 2025.

The net periodic benefit cost charged to operations for FCX's postretirement benefits totaled $6 million in 2015, $7 million in 2014 and $9 million in 2013 (primarily for interest costs). The discount rate used to determine net periodic benefit cost and the components of net periodic benefit cost for FCX’s postretirement benefits was 3.60 percent in 2015, 4.30 percent in 2014 and 3.50 percent in 2013. The medical-care trend rates assumed the first year trend rate was 7.50 percent at December 31, 2015, which declines over the next 15 years with an ultimate trend rate of 4.25 percent.

FCX has a number of postemployment plans covering severance, long-term disability income, continuation of health and life insurance coverage for disabled employees or other welfare benefits. The accumulated postemployment benefit consisted of a current portion of $4 million (included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities) and a long-term portion of $30 million (included in other liabilities) at December 31, 2015, and a current portion of $6 million and a long-term portion of $38 million at December 31, 2014. In connection with the retirement of one of its

executive officers in December 2015, FCX recorded a charge to selling, general and administrative expenses of $16 million.

FCX also sponsors savings plans for the majority of its U.S. employees. The plans allow employees to contribute a portion of their pre-tax income in accordance with specified guidelines. These savings plans are principally qualified 401(k) plans for all U.S. salaried and non-bargained hourly employees. In these plans, participants exercise control and direct the investment of their contributions and account balances among various investment options. FCX contributes to these plans at varying rates and matches a percentage of employee pre-tax deferral contributions up to certain limits, which vary by plan. For employees whose eligible compensation exceeds certain levels, FCX provides an unfunded defined contribution plan, which had a liability balance of $78 million ($35 million included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and $43 million included in other liabilities) at December 31, 2015, and $69 million (included in other liabilities) at December 31, 2014.

The costs charged to operations for employee savings plans totaled $98 million in 2015 (of which $13 million was capitalized to oil and gas properties), $79 million in 2014 (of which $11 million was capitalized to oil and gas properties) and $66 million in 2013 (of which $5 million was capitalized to oil and gas properties). FCX has other employee benefit plans, certain of which are related to FCX’s financial results, which are recognized in operating costs.

Restructuring Charges. Because of a decline in commodity prices, FCX made adjustments to its operating plans for its mining operations in the third and fourth quarters of 2015 (refer to Note 5 for further discussion). As a result of these revisions to its operating plans, FCX recorded restructuring charges to production costs in 2015 of $46 million primarily for employee severance and benefit costs, and $22 million for special retirement benefits.

NOTE 10. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

FCX’s authorized shares of capital stock total 1.85 billion shares, consisting of 1.8 billion shares of common stock and 50 million shares of preferred stock.

Common Stock. In September 2015, FCX completed a $1.0 billion at-the-market equity program and announced an additional $1.0 billion at-the-market equity program. Through December 31, 2015, FCX sold 206 million shares of its common stock at an average price of $9.53 per share under these programs, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $1.96 billion (net proceeds of $1.94 billion after $20 million of commissions and expenses). From January 1, 2016, through January 5, 2016, FCX sold 4 million shares of its common stock, which generated proceeds of $29 million (after $0.3 million of commissions and expenses). FCX used the net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of amounts outstanding under its revolving credit facility and other borrowings, and the financing of working capital and capital expenditures.

The Board declared a supplemental cash dividend of $1.00 per share, which was paid in July 2013, and a one-time special cash dividend of $0.1105 per share related to the settlement of the shareholder derivative litigation (refer to Note 12 for further discussion), which was paid in August 2015. In response to the impact of lower commodity prices, the Board authorized a decrease in the cash dividend on FCX’s common stock from an annual rate of $1.25 per share to an annual rate of $0.20 per share in March 2015, and then suspended the cash dividend in December 2015. The declaration of dividends is at the discretion of the Board and will depend on FCX's financial results, cash requirements, future prospects and other factors deemed relevant by the Board.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. A summary of changes in the balances of each component of accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax follows:

Defined Benefit PlansUnrealized Losses on SecuritiesTranslation AdjustmentTotal
Balance at January 1, 2013$(507)$(4)$5$(506)
Amounts arising during the perioda,b67(1)—66
Amounts reclassifiedc30—535
Balance at December 31, 2013(410)(5)10(405)
Amounts arising during the perioda,b(162)(1)—(163)
Amounts reclassifiedc24——24
Balance at December 31, 2014(548)(6)10(544)
Amounts arising during the perioda,b3——3
Amounts reclassifiedc38——38
Balance at December 31, 2015$(507)$(6)$10$(503)
a.Includes net actuarial gains (losses), net of noncontrolling interest, totaling $126 million for 2013, $(252) million for 2014 and $(7) million for 2015. The year 2013 also included $33 million for prior service costs.
b.Includes tax (provision) benefits totaling $(37) million for 2013, $89 million for 2014 and $2 million for 2015.
c.Includes amortization primarily related to actuarial losses, net of taxes of $17 million for 2013, $14 million for 2014 and $16 million for 2015.

Stock Award Plans. FCX currently has awards outstanding under various stock-based compensation plans. The stockholder-approved 2006 Stock Incentive Plan (the 2006 Plan) provides for the issuance of stock options, SARs, restricted stock, RSUs, PSUs and other stock-based awards for up to 74 million common shares. FCX’s stockholders approved amendments to the 2006 Plan in 2007 primarily to increase the number of shares available for grants, and in 2010, to permit grants to outside directors. As of December 31, 2015, 12.2 million shares were available for grant under the 2006 Plan, and no shares were available under other plans.

In connection with the restructuring of an executive employment arrangement, a special retention award of one million RSUs was granted in December 2013. The RSUs are fully vested and the related shares of common stock will be delivered to the executive upon separation of service, along with a cash payment for accumulated dividends. With respect to stock options previously granted to this executive, such awards became fully vested. With respect to performance-based awards previously granted to this executive, the service requirements are considered to have been satisfied, and the vesting of any such awards shall continue to be contingent upon the achievement of all performance conditions set forth in the award agreements. In connection with the restructuring, FCX recorded a $37 million charge to selling, general and administrative expenses in 2013.

Stock-Based Compensation Cost. Compensation cost charged against earnings for stock-based awards for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Selling, general and administrative expenses$67$79$145
Production and delivery182828
Capitalized costs112313
Total stock-based compensation96130186
Less capitalized costs(11)(23)(13)
Tax benefit and noncontrolling interests' share(32)(42)(66)
Impact on net (loss) income$53$65$107

Stock Options and SARs. Stock options granted under the plans generally expire 10 years after the date of grant and vest in 25 percent annual increments beginning one year from the date of grant. The award agreements provide that participants will receive the following year’s vesting after retirement. Therefore, on the date of grant, FCX accelerates one year of amortization for retirement-eligible employees. Stock options granted prior to February 2012 provide for accelerated vesting if there is a change of control (as defined in the award agreements). Stock options granted after that date provide for accelerated vesting only upon certain qualifying terminations of employment within one year following a change of control. SARs generally expire within five years after the date of

grant and vest in one-third annual increments beginning one year from the date of grant. SARs are similar to stock options, but are settled in cash rather than in shares of common stock and are classified as liability awards.

A summary of options and SARs outstanding as of December 31, 2015, including 1,321,029 SARs, and activity during the year ended December 31, 2015, follows:

Number of Options and SARsWeighted- Average Exercise Price Per ShareWeighted- Average Remaining Contractual Term (years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance at January 145,929,739$35.65
Granted5,450,00018.96
Exercised(195,326)15.61
Expired/Forfeited(1,880,534)30.15
Balance at December 3149,303,87934.104.8$—a
Vested and exercisable at December 3140,235,301$35.784.0$—a
a.At December 31, 2015, all outstanding stock options and SARs have exercise prices greater than the market price of FCX's common stock.

The fair value of each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model. The fair value of each SAR is determined using the Black-Scholes-Merton option valuation model and remeasured at each reporting date until the date of settlement. Expected volatility is based on implied volatilities from traded options on FCX’s common stock and historical volatility of FCX’s common stock. FCX uses historical data to estimate future option and SAR exercises, forfeitures and expected life. When appropriate, separate groups of employees who have similar historical exercise behavior are considered separately for valuation purposes. The expected dividend rate is calculated using the annual dividend (excluding supplemental dividends) at the date of grant. The risk-free interest rate is based on Federal Reserve rates in effect for bonds with maturity dates equal to the expected term of the option or SAR.

Information related to stock options during the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Weighted-average assumptions used to value stock option awards:
Expected volatility37.9%36.6%48.9%
Expected life of options (in years)5.174.924.66
Expected dividend rate4.5%3.5%3.3%
Risk-free interest rate1.7%1.7%0.7%
Weighted-average grant-date fair value (per share)$4.30$7.43$10.98
Intrinsic value of options exercised$1$17$10
Fair value of options vested$50$76$101

As of December 31, 2015, FCX had $31 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock options expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of approximately 1.8 years.

Stock-Settled PSUs and RSUs. Beginning in 2014, FCX's executive officers were granted PSUs that vest after three years. The final number of shares to be issued to the executive officers will be based on FCX’s total shareholder return compared to the total shareholder return of a peer group. The total grant date target shares related to the PSU grants were 755 thousand in 2015 and 344 thousand in 2014, of which the executive officers will earn from 0 percent to 200 percent.

Prior to 2014, the portion of each executive officer's annual bonus exceeding three times such officer's base salary was to be paid in performance-based RSUs. The performance-based RSUs were a component of an annual incentive award pool that was calculated as a percentage of FCX’s consolidated operating cash flows adjusted for changes in working capital and other tax payments for the preceding year. The performance-based RSUs granted in 2013 as part of the 2012 annual bonus vest after three years, subject to FCX attaining a five-year average return on investment (a performance condition defined in the award agreement) of at least 6 percent and subject to a 20 percent reduction if FCX performs below a group of its peers as defined in the award agreement.

All of FCX's executive officers are retirement eligible, and for the 2015 awards, FCX charged the cost of the PSU awards to expense in the year of grant because they are non-forfeitable. For the performance-based RSUs, the cost was charged to expense in the year the related operating cash flows were generated, as performance of services was only required in the calendar year preceding the date of grant.

In February 2015 and 2014, FCX granted RSUs that vest over a period of three years to certain employees, and in February 2013, FCX granted RSUs that cliff vest at the end of three years to certain employees.

FCX also grants other RSUs that generally vest over a period of four years to its directors. The fair value of the RSUs is amortized over the four-year vesting period or the period until the director becomes retirement eligible, whichever is shorter. Upon a director’s retirement, all of their unvested RSUs immediately vest. For retirement-eligible directors, the fair value of RSUs is recognized in earnings on the date of grant.

The award agreements provide for accelerated vesting of all RSUs held by directors if there is a change of control (as defined in the award agreements) and for accelerated vesting of all RSUs held by employees if they experience a qualifying termination within one year following a change of control.

Dividends attributable to RSUs and PSUs accrue and are paid if the award vests. In addition, for those awards granted prior to 2015, interest accrues on accumulated dividends and is paid if the stock-settled RSUs vest. A summary of outstanding stock-settled RSUs and PSUs as of December 31, 2015, and activity during the year ended December 31, 2015, follows:

Number of AwardsWeighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per AwardAggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance at January 15,805,145$33.57
Granted2,729,75016.77
Vested(1,150,589)34.10
Forfeited(164,006)34.35
Balance at December 317,220,30027.12$49

The total fair value of stock-settled RSUs and PSUs granted was $46 million during 2015, $67 million during 2014 and $125 million during 2013. The total intrinsic value of stock-settled RSUs vested was $22 million during 2015, $15 million during 2014 and $12 million during 2013. As of December 31, 2015, FCX had $28 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested stock-settled RSUs expected to be recognized over approximately 1.4 years.

Cash-Settled PSUs and RSUs. Beginning in 2015, certain members of FM O&G's senior management were granted cash-settled PSUs that vest over three years. The cash-settled PSUs contain performance conditions linked to oil and gas production and FCX's total shareholder return compared to the total shareholder return of a peer group (each of which is weighted 50 percent). The total grant date target shares related to the 2015 cash-settled PSU grant were 582 thousand, of which FM O&G's senior management will earn from 50 percent to 200 percent.

Cash-settled RSUs are similar to stock-settled RSUs, but are settled in cash rather than in shares of common stock. These cash-settled RSUs generally vest over periods ranging from three to five years of service. The award agreements for cash-settled RSUs provide for accelerated vesting upon certain qualifying terminations of employment within one year following a change of control (as defined in the award agreements).

The cash-settled PSUs and RSUs are classified as liability awards, and the fair value of these awards is remeasured each reporting period until the vesting dates.

Dividends attributable to cash-settled RSUs and PSUs accrue and are paid if the award vests. In addition, for those awards granted prior to 2015, interest accrues on accumulated dividends and is paid if the cash-settled RSUs vest. A summary of outstanding cash-settled RSUs and PSUs as of December 31, 2015, and activity during the year ended December 31, 2015, follows:

Number of AwardsWeighted-Average Grant-Date Fair Value Per AwardAggregate Intrinsic Value
Balance at January 13,587,564$30.99
Granted2,366,71518.68
Vested(1,196,395)30.99
Forfeited(145,348)24.21
Balance at December 314,612,53624.89$31

The total grant-date fair value of cash-settled RSUs and PSUs granted was $44 million during 2015, $68 million during 2014 and $70 million during 2013. The intrinsic value of cash-settled RSUs vested was $24 million during 2015. The accrued liability associated with cash-settled RSUs and PSUs consisted of a current portion of $10 million (included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities) and a long-term portion of $8 million (included in other liabilities) at December 31, 2015, and a current portion of $17 million and a long-term portion of $19 million at December 31, 2014.

Other Information. The following table includes amounts related to exercises of stock options and vesting of RSUs during the years ended December 31:

201520142013
FCX shares tendered to pay the exercise price
and/or the minimum required taxesa349,122474,4803,294,624
Cash received from stock option exercises$3$12$8
Actual tax benefit realized for tax deductions$11$16$8
Amounts FCX paid for employee taxes$7$8$105
a.Under terms of the related plans, upon exercise of stock options and vesting of RSUs, employees may tender FCX shares to pay the exercise price and/or the minimum required taxes.

NOTE 11. INCOME TAXES

Geographic sources of (losses) income before income taxes and equity in affiliated companies’ net (losses) earnings for the years ended December 31 consist of the following:

201520142013
U.S.$(14,617)$(2,997)$1,104
Foreign5962,5733,809
Total$(14,021)$(424)$4,913

With the exception of TFM, income taxes are provided on the earnings of FCX’s material foreign subsidiaries under the assumption that these earnings will be distributed. FCX has determined that TFM's undistributed earnings are reinvested indefinitely and have been allocated toward specifically identifiable needs of the local operations, including, but not limited to, existing liabilities and sustaining capital requirements. In the absence of these specifically identifiable needs, FCX would reevaluate the need to provide income taxes on $1.3 billion of undistributed earnings in TFM. FCX has not provided deferred income taxes for other differences between the book and tax carrying amounts of its investments in material foreign subsidiaries as FCX considers its ownership positions to be permanent in duration, and quantification of the related deferred tax liability is not practicable.

During 2015, PT-FI's Delaware domestication was terminated. As a result, PT-FI is no longer a U.S. income tax filer, and tax attributes related to PT-FI, which were fully reserved with a related valuation allowance, are no longer available for use in FCX's U.S. federal consolidated income tax return. There was no resulting net impact to FCX's consolidated statement of operations. PT-FI remains a limited liability company organized under Indonesian law.

FCX’s benefit from (provision for) income taxes for the years ended December 31 consists of the following:

201520142013
Current income taxes:
Federal$89$(281)$(203)
State2(35)(9)
Foreign(195)(1,128)(1,081)
Total current(104)(1,444)(1,293)
Deferred income taxes:
Federal3,403606(234)
State15421435
Foreign(144)(33)(346)
Total deferred3,413787(545)
Adjustments(1,374)a—199b
Federal operating loss carryforwards—333c164c
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes$1,935$(324)$(1,475)
a.Adjustments include net provisions of $1.2 billion associated with an increase in the beginning of the year valuation allowance related to the impairment of U.S. oil and gas properties and $0.2 billion resulting from the termination of PT-FI's Delaware domestication reflecting a $1.5 billion reduction in deferred tax assets during the year, partially offset by a $1.3 billion reduction in the beginning of the year valuation allowance.
b.As a result of the oil and gas acquisitions, FCX recognized a net benefit of $199 million, consisting of $190 million associated with net reductions in the beginning of the year valuation allowances, $69 million related to the release of the deferred tax liability on PXP's investment in MMR common stock and $16 million associated with the revaluation of state deferred tax liabilities, partially offset by income tax expense of $76 million associated with the write off of deferred tax assets related to environmental liabilities.
c.Benefit from the use of federal operating loss carryforwards acquired as part of the oil and gas acquisitions.

A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to FCX’s effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
AmountPercentAmountPercentAmountPercent
U.S. federal statutory tax rate$4,907(35)%$149(35)%$(1,720)(35)%
Valuation allowance, net(2,964)a21——1904
Foreign tax credit limitation(228)1(167)39(117)(2)
Percentage depletion186(1)263b(62)2235
Withholding and other impacts on
foreign earnings(193)1(161)38(306)(7)
Effect of foreign rates different than the U.S.
federal statutory rate56—135(32)2235
Goodwill impairment——(601)142——
Goodwill transferred to full cost pool——(77)18——
State income taxes105a(1)115(27)43—
Other items, net66—20(5)(11)—
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes$1,935(14)%$(324)c,d76%$(1,475)e(30)%
a.As a result of the impairment to U.S. oil and gas properties, FCX recorded tax charges totaling $3.3 billion to establish valuation allowances against U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets for which a future benefit is not expected to be realized.
b.Includes a net charge of $16 million in 2014 related to a change in U.S. federal income tax law.
c.Includes charges related to changes in Chilean and Peruvian tax rules of $54 million and $24 million, respectively.
d.Includes a net charge of $221 million related to the sale of the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines.
e.Includes a net tax benefit of $199 million as a result of the oil and gas acquisitions.

FCX paid federal, state, local and foreign income taxes totaling $0.9 billion in 2015, $1.5 billion in 2014 and $1.3 billion in 2013. FCX received refunds of federal, state, local and foreign income taxes of $334 million in 2015, $257 million in 2014 and $270 million in 2013.

The components of deferred taxes follow:

December 31,
20152014
Deferred tax assets:
Foreign tax credits$1,552$2,306
Accrued expenses1,1841,047
Oil and gas properties1,422—
Minimum tax credits569737
Net operating loss carryforwards621590
Employee benefit plans521422
Other509734
Deferred tax assets6,3785,836
Valuation allowances(4,183)(2,434)
Net deferred tax assets2,1953,402
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property, plant, equipment and mining development costs(5,567)(5,331)
Oil and gas properties—(3,392)
Undistributed earnings(855)(807)
Other(58)(185)
Total deferred tax liabilities(6,480)(9,715)
Net deferred tax liabilities$(4,285)$(6,313)

At December 31, 2015, FCX had U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards of $1.6 billion that will expire between 2016 and 2025, and U.S. minimum tax credit carryforwards of $569 million that can be carried forward indefinitely, but may be used only to the extent that regular tax exceeds the alternative minimum tax in any given year.

At December 31, 2015, FCX had (i) U.S. state net operating loss carryforwards of $3.9 billion that expire between 2016 and 2035, (ii) U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards of $740 million that expire between 2030 and 2034, and (iii) Spanish net operating loss carryforwards of $549 million that can be carried forward indefinitely.

On the basis of available information at December 31, 2015, including positive and negative evidence, FCX has provided valuation allowances for certain of its deferred tax assets where it believes it is more likely than not that some portion or all of such assets will not be realized. Valuation allowances totaled $4.2 billion at December 31, 2015, covering U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets, including all of FCX's U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards, U.S. minimum tax credit carryforwards, foreign net operating loss carryforwards, and a portion of FCX's U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards. Valuation allowances totaled $2.4 billion at December 31, 2014, and covered a portion of FCX's U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards, foreign net operating loss carryforwards, U.S. state net operating loss carryforwards and U.S. state deferred tax assets.

The valuation allowance related to FCX’s U.S. foreign tax credits totaled $1.6 billion at December 31, 2015. FCX has operations in tax jurisdictions where statutory income taxes and withholding taxes combine to create effective tax rates in excess of the U.S. federal income tax liability that is due upon repatriation of foreign earnings. As a result, FCX continues to generate foreign tax credits for which no benefit is expected to be realized. In addition, any foreign income taxes currently accrued or paid on unremitted foreign earnings may result in additional future foreign tax credits for which no benefit is expected to be realized upon repatriation of the related earnings. A full valuation allowance will continue to be carried on these excess U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards until such time that FCX believes it has a prudent and feasible means of securing the benefit of U.S. foreign tax credit carryforwards that can be implemented.

The valuation allowance related to FCX’s U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets totaled $1.4 billion at December 31, 2015. Deferred tax assets represent future deductions for which a benefit will only be realized to the extent future tax liability is generated in the same tax period during which the future tax deduction occurs. FCX

develops an estimate of which future tax deductions will be realized within a tax period generating sufficient tax liability. A valuation allowance is provided to the extent that sufficient tax liability does not exist in any given tax period. As of December 31, 2015, sufficient positive evidence was not available to support realization of all benefits related to future tax deductible amounts.

The valuation allowance related to FCX’s U.S. federal minimum tax credit carryforwards totaled $569 million at December 31, 2015. U.S. minimum tax credit carryforwards can be carried forward indefinitely, but can only be used to the extent that U.S. regular tax liability exceeds U.S. alternative minimum tax liability in any given year. FCX does not currently expect to generate U.S. regular tax liability in excess of U.S. alternative minimum tax liability.

The valuation allowance related to FCX’s U.S. federal, state and foreign net operating loss carryforwards totaled $525 million at December 31, 2015. The valuation allowance is primarily related to mining, and oil and gas operations that are not currently expected to generate taxable income in an amount sufficient to utilize existing net operating losses prior to their expiration dates.

Valuation allowances will continue to be carried on U.S. federal and state deferred tax assets, U.S. federal minimum tax credit carryforwards and U.S. federal, state and foreign net operating losses until such time that FCX generates taxable income against which any of the assets or carryforwards can be used, forecasts of future income provide sufficient positive evidence to support reversal of the valuation allowances or FCX identifies a prudent and feasible means of securing the benefit of the assets or carryforwards that can be implemented.

The $1.7 billion net increase in the valuation allowances during 2015 primarily included a $3.3 billion increase to the valuation allowances mainly related to impairments of U.S. oil and gas properties, partially offset by a $1.5 billion decrease in the valuation allowance against tax credit carryforwards that will no longer be available for use because of the termination of PT-FI’s Delaware domestication.

World market prices for commodities have fluctuated historically. At December 31, 2015, market prices for copper, gold, molybdenum and oil were below their twelve-month historical averages. Future market prices at or below 2015 year-end prices may result in valuation allowances provided on additional deferred tax assets.

In 2010, the Chilean legislature approved an increase in mining royalty taxes to help fund earthquake reconstruction activities, education and health programs. Mining royalty taxes at FCX’s El Abra mine are 4 percent for the years 2013 through 2017. Beginning in 2018 and through 2023, rates will move to a sliding scale of 5 to 14 percent (depending on a defined operational margin).

In September 2014, the Chilean legislature approved a tax reform package that implemented a dual tax system, which was amended in January 2016. Under previous rules, FCX’s share of income from Chilean operations was subject to an effective 35 percent tax rate allocated between income taxes and dividend withholding taxes. Under the amended tax reform package, FCX's Chilean operation is subject to the "Partially-Integrated System," resulting in FCX’s share of income from El Abra being subject to progressively increasing effective tax rates of 35 percent through 2019 and 44.5 percent in 2020 and thereafter.

In December 2014, the Peruvian parliament passed tax legislation intended to stimulate the economy. Under the legislation, the corporate income tax rate progressively decreases from 30 percent in 2014 to 26 percent in 2019 and thereafter. In addition, the dividend tax rate on distributions progressively increases from 4.1 percent in 2014 to 9.3 percent in 2019 and thereafter. Cerro Verde's current mining stability agreement subjects FCX to a stable income tax rate of 32 percent through the expiration of the agreement on December 31, 2028. The tax rate on dividend distributions is not stabilized by the agreement.

FCX accounts for uncertain income tax positions using a threshold and measurement criteria for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FCX’s policy associated with uncertain tax positions is to record accrued interest in interest expense and accrued penalties in other income and expenses rather than in the provision for income taxes.

A summary of the activities associated with FCX’s reserve for unrecognized tax benefits for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Balance at beginning of year$104$110$138
Additions:
Prior year tax positions7418
Current year tax positions111114
Acquisition of PXP——5
Decreases:
Prior year tax positions(6)(12)(37)
Settlements with taxing authorities—(9)—
Lapse of statute of limitations(6)—(28)
Balance at end of year$110$104$110

The total amount of accrued interest associated with unrecognized tax benefits included in the consolidated balance sheets was $16 million at December 31, 2015, $15 million at December 31, 2014, and $21 million at December 31, 2013. There were no penalties associated with unrecognized tax benefits for the three years ended December 31, 2015.

The reserve for unrecognized tax benefits of $110 million at December 31, 2015, included $107 million ($101 million net of income tax benefits) that, if recognized, would reduce FCX’s provision for income taxes. Changes to the reserve for unrecognized tax benefits associated with current and prior year tax positions were primarily related to uncertainties associated with FCX's cost recovery methods and deductibility of social welfare payments. Additionally, changes in prior year tax positions were related to uncertainties associated with FCX's deductibility of expenses allocated to subsidiaries. Changes to the reserve for unrecognized tax benefits associated with the lapse of statute of limitations were primarily related to the deductibility of worthless stock. There continues to be uncertainty related to the timing of settlements with taxing authorities, but if additional settlements are agreed upon during the year 2016, FCX could experience a change in its reserve for unrecognized tax benefits.

FCX or its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. The tax years for FCX's major tax jurisdictions that remain subject to examination are as follows:

JurisdictionYears Subject to ExaminationAdditional Open Years
U.S. Federal2007-20132014-2015
Indonesia2007-2008, 2011-2012, 20142013, 2015
Peru20112012-2015
Chile2013-20142015
DRCNone2013-2015

NOTE 12. CONTINGENCIES

Environmental. FCX subsidiaries are subject to various national, state and local environmental laws and regulations that govern emissions of air pollutants; discharges of water pollutants; generation, handling, storage and disposal of hazardous substances, hazardous wastes and other toxic materials; and remediation, restoration and reclamation of environmental contamination. FCX subsidiaries that operate in the U.S. also are subject to potential liabilities arising under CERCLA and similar state laws that impose responsibility on current and previous owners and operators of a facility for the remediation of hazardous substances released from the facility into the environment, including damages to natural resources, in some cases irrespective of when the damage to the environment occurred or who caused it. Remediation liability also extends to persons who arranged for the disposal of hazardous substances or transported the hazardous substances to a disposal site selected by the transporter. These liabilities are often shared on a joint and several basis, meaning that each responsible party is fully responsible for the remediation, if some or all of the other historical owners or operators no longer exist, do not have the financial ability to respond or cannot be found. As a result, because of FCX’s acquisition of FMC in 2007, many of the subsidiary companies FCX now owns are responsible for a wide variety of environmental remediation projects throughout the U.S., and FCX expects to spend substantial sums annually for many years to address those remediation issues. Certain FCX subsidiaries have been advised by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the Department of the Interior, the Department of Agriculture and various state agencies that, under

CERCLA or similar state laws and regulations, they may be liable for costs of responding to environmental conditions at a number of sites that have been or are being investigated to determine whether releases of hazardous substances have occurred and, if so, to develop and implement remedial actions to address environmental concerns. FCX is also subject to claims where the release of hazardous substances is alleged to have damaged natural resources (NRD) and to litigation by individuals allegedly exposed to hazardous substances. As of December 31, 2015, FCX had more than 100 active remediation projects, including NRD claims, in 26 U.S. states.

A summary of changes in estimated environmental obligations for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Balance at beginning of year$1,174$1,167$1,222
Accretion expensea787779
Additions331673
Reductionsb(3)(6)(77)
Spending(67)(80)(130)
Balance at end of year1,2151,1741,167
Less current portion(100)(105)(121)
Long-term portion$1,115$1,069$1,046
a.Represents accretion of the fair value of environmental obligations assumed in the 2007 acquisition of FMC, which were determined on a discounted cash flow basis.
b.Reductions primarily reflect revisions for changes in the anticipated scope and timing of projects and other noncash adjustments.

Estimated future environmental cash payments (on an undiscounted and unescalated basis) total $100 million in 2016, $127 million in 2017, $104 million in 2018, $92 million in 2019, $85 million in 2020 and $1.8 billion thereafter. The amount and timing of these estimated payments will change as a result of changes in regulatory requirements, changes in scope and timing of remediation activities, the settlement of environmental matters and as actual spending occurs.

At December 31, 2015, FCX’s environmental obligations totaled $1.2 billion, including $1.1 billion recorded on a discounted basis for those obligations assumed in the FMC acquisition at fair value. On an undiscounted and unescalated basis, these obligations totaled $2.3 billion. FCX estimates it is reasonably possible that these obligations could range between $2.1 billion and $2.7 billion on an undiscounted and unescalated basis.

At December 31, 2015, the most significant environmental obligations were associated with the Pinal Creek site in Arizona; the Newtown Creek site in New York City; historical smelter sites principally located in Arizona, Kansas, New Jersey, Oklahoma and Pennsylvania; and uranium mining sites in the western U.S. The recorded environmental obligations for these sites totaled $1.0 billion at December 31, 2015. FCX may also be subject to litigation brought by private parties, regulators and local governmental authorities related to these historical sites. A discussion of these sites follows.

Pinal Creek. The Pinal Creek site was listed under the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality’s (ADEQ) Water Quality Assurance Revolving Fund program in 1989 for contamination in the shallow alluvial aquifers within the Pinal Creek drainage near Miami, Arizona. Since that time, environmental remediation was performed by members of the Pinal Creek Group (PCG), consisting of FMC Miami, Inc. (Miami), a wholly owned subsidiary of FCX, and two other companies. Pursuant to a 2010 settlement agreement, Miami agreed to take full responsibility for future groundwater remediation at the Pinal Creek site, with limited exceptions. Remediation work consisting of both capping (earthwork) and groundwater extraction and treatment continues and is expected to continue for many years in the future.

Newtown Creek. From the 1930s until 1964, Phelps Dodge Refining Corporation (PDRC), a subsidiary of FCX, operated a copper smelter and, from the 1930s until 1984, operated a copper refinery on the banks of Newtown Creek (the creek), which is a 3.5-mile-long waterway that forms part of the boundary between Brooklyn and Queens in New York City. Heavy industrialization along the banks of the creek and discharges from the City of New York’s sewer system over more than a century resulted in significant environmental contamination of the waterway. In 2010, EPA notified PDRC, four other companies and the City of New York that EPA considers them to be PRPs under CERCLA. The notified parties began working with EPA to identify other PRPs, and EPA proposed that the notified parties perform a remedial investigation/feasibility study (RI/FS) at their expense and reimburse EPA for its

oversight costs. EPA is not expected to propose a remedy until after the RI/FS is completed. Additionally, in 2010, EPA designated the creek as a Superfund site, and in 2011, PDRC and five other parties entered an Administrative Order on Consent (AOC) to perform the RI/FS to assess the nature and extent of environmental contamination in the creek and identify potential remedial options. The parties' RI/FS work under the AOC and their efforts to identify other PRPs are ongoing; the RI is expected to be completed in late 2016, with the FS approved by EPA in 2019, and remedial action could possibly begin in 2022. The actual costs of fulfilling this remedial obligation and the allocation of costs among PRPs are uncertain and subject to change based on the results of the RI/FS, the remediation remedy ultimately selected by EPA and related allocation determinations. The overall cost and the portion ultimately allocated to PDRC could be material to FCX and significantly exceed the amount currently reserved for this contingency.

Historical Smelter Sites. FCX subsidiaries and their predecessors at various times owned or operated copper, zinc and lead smelters in states including Arizona, Kansas, Missouri, New Jersey, Oklahoma and Pennsylvania. For some of these smelter sites, certain FCX subsidiaries have been advised by EPA or state agencies that they may be liable for costs of investigating and, if appropriate, remediating environmental conditions associated with the smelters. At other sites, certain FCX subsidiaries have entered into state voluntary remediation programs to investigate and, if appropriate, remediate onsite and offsite conditions associated with the smelters. The historical smelter sites are in various stages of assessment and remediation. At some of these sites, disputes with local residents and elected officials regarding alleged health effects or the effectiveness of remediation efforts have resulted in litigation of various types, and similar litigation at other sites is possible.

Uranium Mining Sites. During a period between 1940 and the early 1970s, certain FCX subsidiaries and their predecessors were involved in uranium exploration and mining in the western U.S., primarily on federal and tribal lands in the Four Corners region of the southwest. Similar exploration and mining activities by other companies have also caused environmental impacts warranting remediation, and EPA and local authorities are currently evaluating the need for significant cleanup activities in the region. To date, FCX has undertaken remediation work at a limited number of sites associated with these predecessor entities. During 2014, FCX initiated reconnaissance work at a limited number of historic mining sites on federal lands, which continued in 2015; approximately 20 percent of FCX's known federal sites have been initially evaluated. FCX expects to increase those activities over the next several years in order to identify sites for possible future investigation and remediation. During 2014, FCX also initiated discussions with federal and tribal representatives regarding a potential phased program to investigate and remediate historic uranium sites on tribal lands in the Four Corners region. Those discussions continued in 2015, when FCX also initiated discussions with the Department of Justice regarding the possible federal government's share of the liability on tribal lands.

AROs. FCX’s ARO estimates are reflected on a third-party cost basis and are based on FCX’s legal obligation to retire tangible, long-lived assets. A summary of changes in FCX’s AROs for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Balance at beginning of year$2,769$2,328$1,146
Liabilities assumed in the acquisitions of PXP and MMRa——1,028
Liabilities incurred98430b45
Settlements and revisions to cash flow estimates, net(66)65123
Accretion expense13111795
Dispositions—(61)—
Spending(133)(99)(107)
Other(3)(11)(2)
Balance at end of year2,7962,7692,328
Less current portion(172)(191)(115)
Long-term portion$2,624$2,578$2,213
a.The fair value of AROs assumed in the acquisitions of PXP and MMR ($741 million and $287 million, respectively) were estimated based on projected cash flows, an estimated long-term annual inflation rate of 2.5 percent and discount rates based on FCX's estimated credit-adjusted, risk-free interest rates ranging from 1.3 percent to 6.3 percent.
b.Primarily reflects updates to the closure approach to reclaim an overburden stockpile in Indonesia.

ARO costs may increase or decrease significantly in the future as a result of changes in regulations, changes in engineering designs and technology, permit modifications or updates, changes in mine plans, changes in drilling plans, settlements, inflation or other factors and as reclamation spending occurs. ARO activities and expenditures for mining operations generally are made over an extended period of time commencing near the end of the mine

life; however, certain reclamation activities may be accelerated if legally required or if determined to be economically beneficial. The methods used or required to plug and abandon non-producing oil and gas wellbores, remove platforms, tanks, production equipment and flow lines, and restore wellsites could change over time.

New Mexico, Arizona, Colorado and other states require financial assurance to be provided for the estimated costs of mine reclamation and closure, including groundwater quality protection programs. FCX has satisfied financial assurance requirements by using a variety of mechanisms, primarily involving parent company performance guarantees and financial capability demonstrations, but also including trust funds, surety bonds, letters of credit and other collateral. The applicable regulations specify financial strength tests that are designed to confirm a company’s or guarantor’s financial capability to fund estimated reclamation and closure costs. The amount of financial assurance FCX is required to provide will vary with changes in laws, regulations, reclamation and closure requirements, and cost estimates. At December 31, 2015, FCX’s financial assurance obligations associated with these closure and reclamation/restoration costs totaled $994 million, of which $617 million was in the form of guarantees issued by FCX and financial capability demonstrations of FCX. At December 31, 2015, FCX had trust assets totaling $169 million (included in other assets), which are legally restricted to be used to satisfy its financial assurance obligations for its mining properties in New Mexico. In addition, FCX has financial assurance obligations for its oil and gas properties associated with plugging and abandoning wells and facilities totaling $1.5 billion. Where oil and gas guarantees associated with the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management do not include a stated cap, the amounts reflect management's estimates of the potential exposure.

New Mexico Environmental and Reclamation Programs. FCX’s New Mexico operations are regulated under the New Mexico Water Quality Act and regulations adopted by the Water Quality Control Commission (WQCC). In connection with discharge permits, the New Mexico Environment Department (NMED) has required each of these operations to submit closure plans for NMED’s approval. The closure plans must include measures to assure meeting applicable groundwater quality standards following the closure of discharging facilities and to abate groundwater or surface water contamination to meet applicable standards. In 2013, the WQCC adopted Supplemental Permitting Requirements for Copper Mining Facilities, which became effective on December 1, 2013, and specify closure requirements for copper mine facilities. The rules were adopted after an extensive stakeholder process in which FCX participated and were jointly supported by FCX and NMED. The rules are currently being challenged in the New Mexico Supreme Court by certain environmental organizations and the New Mexico Attorney General. Finalized closure plan requirements, including those resulting from application of the 2013 rules or the application of different standards if the rules are invalidated by the New Mexico Supreme Court, could result in material increases in closure costs for FCX's New Mexico operations.

FCX’s New Mexico operations also are subject to regulation under the 1993 New Mexico Mining Act (the Mining Act) and the related rules that are administered by the Mining and Minerals Division (MMD) of the New Mexico Energy, Minerals and Natural Resources Department. Under the Mining Act, mines are required to obtain approval of plans describing the reclamation to be performed following cessation of mining operations. At December 31, 2015, FCX had accrued reclamation and closure costs of $451 million for its New Mexico operations. As stated above, additional accruals may be required based on the state’s periodic review of FCX’s updated closure plans and any resulting permit conditions, and the amount of those accruals could be material.

Arizona Environmental and Reclamation Programs. FCX’s Arizona properties are subject to regulatory oversight in several areas. ADEQ has adopted regulations for its aquifer protection permit (APP) program that require permits for, among other things, certain facilities, activities and structures used for mining, leaching, concentrating and smelting, and require compliance with aquifer water quality standards at an applicable point of compliance well or location during both operations and closure. The APP program also may require mitigation and discharge reduction or elimination of some discharges.

An application for an APP requires a proposed closure strategy that will meet applicable groundwater protection requirements following cessation of operations and an estimate of the cost to implement the closure strategy. An APP may specify closure requirements, which may include post-closure monitoring and maintenance. A more detailed closure plan must be submitted within 90 days after a permitted entity notifies ADEQ of its intent to cease operations. A permit applicant must demonstrate its financial ability to meet the closure costs approved by ADEQ. In 2014, the state enacted legislation requiring closure costs for facilities covered by aquifer protection permits to be updated no more frequently than every five years and financial assurance mechanisms to be updated no more frequently than every two years. While some closure cost updates will occur in the normal course as modifications to aquifer protection permits, ADEQ has not yet formally notified FCX regarding the timetable for updating other closure cost estimates and financial assurance mechanisms for FCX's Arizona mine sites. In 2015, amendments to

aquifer protection permits were submitted to ADEQ for Safford and Sierrita, which will result in increased closure costs. FCX may be required to begin updating its closure cost estimates at other Arizona sites in 2016.

Portions of Arizona mining facilities that operated after January 1, 1986, also are subject to the Arizona Mined Land Reclamation Act (AMLRA). AMLRA requires reclamation to achieve stability and safety consistent with post-mining land use objectives specified in a reclamation plan. Reclamation plans must be approved by the State Mine Inspector and must include an estimate of the cost to perform the reclamation measures specified in the plan along with financial assurance. FCX will continue to evaluate options for future reclamation and closure activities at its operating and non-operating sites, which are likely to result in adjustments to FCX’s ARO liabilities, and those adjustments could be material. At December 31, 2015, FCX had accrued reclamation and closure costs of $298 million for its Arizona operations.

Colorado Reclamation Programs. FCX's Colorado operations are regulated by the Colorado Mined Land Reclamation Act (Reclamation Act) and regulations promulgated thereunder. Under the Reclamation Act, mines are required to obtain approval of plans for reclamation of lands affected by mining operations to be performed during mining or upon cessation of mining operations. During 2015, the Colorado Division of Reclamation Mining & Safety (DRMS) approved an increase in Henderson's closure costs, principally to address long-term water management. As of December 31, 2015, FCX had accrued reclamation and closure costs of $66 million for its Colorado operations.

Chilean Reclamation and Closure Programs. In July 2011, the Chilean senate passed legislation regulating mine closure, which establishes new requirements for closure plans and became effective in November 2012. FCX's El Abra operation submitted updated closure cost estimates based on the existing approved closure plan in November 2014. At December 31, 2015, FCX had accrued reclamation and closure costs of $51 million for its El Abra operation.

Peruvian Reclamation and Closure Programs. Cerro Verde is subject to regulation under the Mine Closure Law administered by the Peruvian Ministry of Energy and Mines. Under the closure regulations, mines must submit a closure plan that includes the reclamation methods, closure cost estimates, methods of control and verification, closure and post-closure plans, and financial assurance. The latest closure plan and cost estimate for the Cerro Verde mine expansion were submitted to the Peruvian regulatory authorities in November 2013. At December 31, 2015, Cerro Verde had accrued reclamation and closure costs of $106 million.

Indonesian Reclamation and Closure Programs. The ultimate amount of reclamation and closure costs to be incurred at PT-FI’s operations will be determined based on applicable laws and regulations and PT-FI’s assessment of appropriate remedial activities in the circumstances, after consultation with governmental authorities, affected local residents and other affected parties and cannot currently be projected with precision. Some reclamation costs will be incurred during mining activities, while the remaining reclamation costs will be incurred at the end of mining activities, which are currently estimated to continue for approximately 25 years. During 2014, PT-FI updated its closure approach for an overburden stockpile, which resulted in an increase in the estimated closure costs of $403 million. At December 31, 2015, PT-FI had accrued reclamation and closure costs of $674 million.

In 1996, PT-FI began contributing to a cash fund ($21 million balance at December 31, 2015, which is included in other assets) designed to accumulate at least $100 million (including interest) by the end of its Indonesia mining activities. PT-FI plans to use this fund, including accrued interest, to pay mine closure and reclamation costs or satisfy a portion of Indonesian financial requirements under recently issued regulations. Any costs in excess of the $100 million fund would be funded by operational cash flow or other sources.

In December 2009, PT-FI submitted its revised mine closure plan to the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources for review and addressed comments received during the course of this review process. In December 2010, the Indonesian government issued a regulation regarding mine reclamation and closure, which requires a company to provide a mine closure guarantee in the form of a time deposit placed in a state-owned bank in Indonesia. In accordance with its COW, PT-FI is working with the Department of Energy and Mineral Resources to review these requirements, including discussion of other options for the mine closure guarantee.

Oil and Gas Properties. Substantially all of FM O&G's oil and gas leases require that, upon termination of economic production, the working interest owners plug and abandon non-producing wellbores, remove equipment and facilities from leased acreage, and restore land in accordance with applicable local, state and federal laws. FM O&G operating areas include the GOM, offshore and onshore California, the Gulf Coast and the Rocky Mountain area.

FM O&G AROs cover more than 6,400 wells and more than 180 platforms and other structures. During 2015, liabilities incurred for FM O&G totaled $79 million for new wells primarily in the GOM area. At December 31, 2015, FM O&G had accrued $1.1 billion associated with its AROs.

Litigation. FCX is involved in numerous legal proceedings that arise in the ordinary course of business or are associated with environmental issues arising from legacy operations conducted over the years by FMC and its affiliates as discussed in this note under “Environmental.” FCX is also involved periodically in other reviews, investigations and proceedings by government agencies, some of which may result in adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties, injunctions or other relief. Management does not believe, based on currently available information, that the outcome of any legal proceeding reported below will have a material adverse effect on FCX's financial condition, although individual outcomes could be material to FCX's operating results for a particular period, depending on the nature and magnitude of the outcome and the operating results for the period.

Asbestos Claims. Since approximately 1990, FMC and various subsidiaries have been named as defendants in a large number of lawsuits that claim personal injury either from exposure to asbestos allegedly contained in electrical wire products produced or marketed many years ago or from asbestos contained in buildings and facilities located at properties owned or operated by FMC affiliates, or from alleged asbestos in talc products. Many of these suits involve a large number of codefendants. Based on litigation results to date and facts currently known, FCX believes there is a reasonable possibility that losses may have been incurred related to these matters; however, FCX also believes that the amounts of any such losses, individually or in the aggregate, are not material to its consolidated financial statements. There can be no assurance, however, that future developments will not alter this conclusion.

Shareholder Litigation. On January 15, 2015, a Stipulation and Agreement of Settlement, Compromise and Release

(Stipulation) was entered into with respect to the consolidated stockholder derivative litigation captioned In Re Freeport-McMoRan Copper & Gold Inc. Derivative Litigation, No. 8145-VCN. This settlement resolved all derivative claims against directors and officers of FCX challenging FCX's 2013 acquisitions of PXP and MMR. During 2015, insurers under FCX’s directors and officers liability insurance policies and other third parties funded the $125 million settlement amount that, net of plaintiffs’ legal fees and expenses, resulted in the recognition of a gain of $92 million (included in other income (expense)). In accordance with the approved settlement terms, FCX's Board declared a special dividend that was paid on August 3, 2015.

Pursuant to the settlement, FCX’s Board also approved and agreed to keep in effect for at least three years corporate governance enhancements specified in the Stipulation. These corporate governance enhancements include agreements by FCX to maintain and/or establish (i) a lead independent director position, (ii) an independent executive committee, (iii) solely independent directors on each of the executive, corporate responsibility, audit, compensation, and nominating and governance committees, and (iv) certain procedures or policies relating to the selection of members of special committees, approval of related-party transactions and executive compensation.

Tax and Other Matters. FCX's operations are in multiple jurisdictions where uncertainties arise in the application of complex tax regulations. Some of these tax regimes are defined by contractual agreements with the local government, while others are defined by general tax laws and regulations. FCX and its subsidiaries are subject to reviews of its income tax filings and other tax payments, and disputes can arise with the taxing authorities over the interpretation of its contracts or laws. The final taxes paid may be dependent upon many factors, including negotiations with taxing authorities. In certain jurisdictions, FCX must pay a portion of the disputed amount to the local government in order to formally appeal the assessment. Such payment is recorded as a receivable if FCX believes the amount is collectible.

Cerro Verde Royalty Dispute. SUNAT, the Peruvian national tax authority, has assessed mining royalties on ore processed by the Cerro Verde concentrator, which commenced operations in late 2006. These assessments cover the period December 2006 to December 2007 and the years 2008 and 2009.

In July 2013, the Peruvian Tax Tribunal issued two decisions affirming SUNAT's assessments for the period December 2006 through December 2008. In September 2013, Cerro Verde filed judiciary appeals related to the assessments because it believes that its 1998 stability agreement exempts from royalties all minerals extracted from its mining concession, irrespective of the method used for processing those minerals. With respect to the judiciary appeal related to assessments for the year 2008, on December 17, 2014, Peru's Eighteenth Contentious Administrative Court, which specializes in taxation matters, rendered its decision upholding Cerro Verde's position and declaring the Tax Tribunal's resolution invalid. On December 31, 2014, SUNAT and the Tax Tribunal appealed this decision. On January 29, 2016, Peru’s Sixth Contentious Administrative Chamber of the Appellate Court

nullified the decision of the Eighteenth Contentious Administrative Court. Cerro Verde will appeal the decision to the Peruvian Supreme Court. Although FCX believes Cerro Verde's interpretation of the stability agreement is correct, if Cerro Verde is ultimately found responsible for these assessments, it may also be liable for penalties and interest, which accrues at rates that range from approximately 7 percent to 18 percent based on the year accrued and the currency in which the amounts would be payable.

In October 2013, SUNAT served Cerro Verde with a demand for payment based on the Peruvian Tax Tribunal’s decisions for the period December 2006 through December 2008. The aggregate amount of these assessments totals $179 million (based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2015), including estimated accumulated interest and penalties. As permitted by law, Cerro Verde requested and was granted an installment payment program that deferred payment for six months and thereafter required 66 equal monthly payments. Through December 31, 2015, Cerro Verde has made payments totaling $64 million (based on exchange rates as of the dates of payment) under the installment program, which are included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. In July 2013, a hearing on SUNAT's assessment for 2009 was held, but no decision has been issued by the Tax Tribunal for that year.

The aggregate amount of the assessment for 2009 totals $72 million (based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2015), including estimated accumulated interest and penalties.

SUNAT may make additional assessments for mining royalties and associated penalties and interest for the years 2010 through 2013, which Cerro Verde will contest. FCX estimates the total exposure associated with the assessments for mining royalties discussed above for the period from December 2006 through December 2009, and for the years 2010 through 2013 approximates $500 million (based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2015), including estimated accumulated interest and penalties. No amounts have been accrued for these assessments or the installment payment program as of December 31, 2015, because Cerro Verde believes its 1998 stability agreement exempts it from these royalties and believes any payments will be recoverable.

Other Peruvian Tax Matters. Cerro Verde has also received assessments from SUNAT for additional taxes, penalties and interest related to various audit exceptions for income and other taxes. Cerro Verde has filed or will file objections to the assessments because it believes it has properly determined and paid its taxes. A summary of these assessments follows:

Tax YearTax AssessmentPenalty and Interest AssessmentTotal
2002 to 2005$16$53$69
200674754
2007121830
2008211334
20095648104
20106689155
20145—5
20154—4
$187$268$455

As of December 31, 2015, Cerro Verde had paid $181 million (included in other assets) on these disputed tax assessments, which it believes is collectible. No amounts have been accrued for these assessments.

Indonesia Tax Matters. PT-FI has received assessments from the Indonesian tax authorities for additional taxes and interest related to various audit exceptions for income and other taxes. PT-FI has filed objections to the assessments because it believes it has properly determined and paid its taxes. A summary of these assessments follows:

Tax YearTax AssessmentInterest AssessmentTotal
2005$103$49$152
2006221032
20079144135
20086252114
2011561369
2012137—137
$471$168$639

Required estimated income tax payments for 2011 significantly exceeded PT-FI’s 2011 reported income tax liability, which resulted in a $313 million overpayment. During 2013, the Indonesian tax authorities agreed to refund $291 million associated with income tax overpayments made by PT-FI for 2011, and PT-FI filed objections for the remaining $22 million that it believes it is due. PT-FI received a cash refund of $165 million in July 2013, and the Indonesian tax authorities withheld $126 million of the 2011 overpayment for unrelated assessments from 2005 and 2007, which PT-FI is disputing.

Required estimated income tax payments for 2012 significantly exceeded PT-FI’s 2012 reported income tax liability, which resulted in a $303 million overpayment. During second-quarter 2014, the Indonesian tax authorities issued tax assessments for 2012 of $137 million and other offsets of $15 million, and refunded the balance of $151 million (before foreign exchange adjustments). PT-FI filed objections and will use other means available under Indonesian tax laws and regulations to recover all overpayments that remain in dispute.

As of December 31, 2015, PT-FI had paid $259 million (of which $209 million was included in other assets) on disputed tax assessments, which it believes are collectible. In addition, PT-FI has $285 million (included in income and other tax receivables) for overpayments of 2014 income taxes and $106 million (included in other assets) for overpayments of 2015 income taxes.

In December 2009, PT-FI was notified by Indonesian tax authorities that PT-FI was obligated to pay value added taxes on certain goods imported after the year 2000. In December 2014, PT-FI paid $269 million for value added taxes for the period from November 2005 through 2009 and sought a refund. In January 2016, PT-FI received audit findings confirming the refund amount, which based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2015, is expected to be $215 million (included in income and other tax receivables in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2015).

PT-FI received assessments from the local regional tax authority in Papua, Indonesia, for additional taxes and penalties related to surface water taxes for the period from January 2011 through December 2015. PT-FI has filed or will file objections to these assessments. The local government of Papua rejected PT-FI’s objections to the assessments related to the period from January 2011 through July 2015, and PT-FI filed appeals with the Indonesian tax court for these periods. The aggregate amount of all assessments received through February 19, 2016, including penalties, was 2.7 trillion Indonesian rupiah ($197 million based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2015). Additional penalties, which could be significant, may be assessed depending on the outcome of the appeals process. No amounts have been accrued for these assessments as of December 31, 2015, because PT-FI believes its COW exempts it from these payments and that it has the right to contest these assessments in the tax court and ultimately the Indonesian Supreme Court.

Letters of Credit, Bank Guarantees and Surety Bonds. Letters of credit and bank guarantees totaled $300 million at December 31, 2015, primarily for the Cerro Verde royalty dispute (refer to discussion above), environmental and asset retirement obligations, workers’ compensation insurance programs, tax and customs obligations, and other commercial obligations. In addition, FCX had surety bonds totaling $276 million at December 31, 2015, associated with environmental and asset retirement obligations ($217 million), self-insurance bonds primarily for workers’ compensation ($21 million) and other bonds ($38 million).

Insurance. FCX purchases a variety of insurance products to mitigate potential losses, which typically have specified deductible amounts or self-insured retentions and policy limits. FCX generally is self-insured for U.S. workers’ compensation, but purchases excess insurance up to statutory limits. An actuarial analysis is performed twice a year on the various casualty insurance programs covering FCX's U.S.-based mining operations, including workers’ compensation, to estimate expected losses. At December 31, 2015, expected losses under these insurance programs totaled $66 million, which consisted of a current portion of $7 million (included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities) and a long-term portion of $59 million (included in other liabilities).

FCX's oil and gas operations are subject to all of the risks normally incident to the exploration for and the production of oil and gas, including well blowouts, cratering, explosions, oil spills, releases of gas or well fluids, fires, pollution and releases of toxic gas, each of which could result in damage to or destruction of oil and gas wells, production facilities or other property or injury to persons. Although FCX maintains insurance coverage considered to be customary in the oil and gas industry, FCX is not fully insured against all risks either because insurance is not available or because of high premium costs. FCX is self-insured for named windstorms in the GOM. FCX's insurance policies provide limited coverage for losses or liabilities relating to pollution, with broader coverage for sudden and accidental occurrences.

NOTE 13. COMMITMENTS AND GUARANTEES

Operating Leases. FCX leases various types of properties, including offices, aircraft and equipment. Future minimum rentals under non-cancelable leases at December 31, 2015, total $54 million in 2016, $49 million in 2017, $40 million in 2018, $25 million in 2019, $23 million in 2020 and $146 million thereafter. Minimum payments under operating leases have not been reduced by aggregate minimum sublease rentals, which are minimal. Total aggregate rental expense under operating leases was $89 million in 2015 and $96 million in both 2014 and 2013.

Contractual Obligations. Based on applicable prices at December 31, 2015, FCX has unconditional purchase obligations of $3.9 billion, primarily comprising minimum commitments for deepwater drillships ($1.2 billion), the procurement of copper concentrate ($854 million), transportation services ($671 million) and electricity ($601 million). Some of FCX’s unconditional purchase obligations are settled based on the prevailing market rate for the service or commodity purchased. In some cases, the amount of the actual obligation may change over time because of market conditions. Drillship obligations provide for an operating rate over the contractual term. Transportation obligations are primarily for South America contracted ocean freight and FM O&G contracted rates for natural gas and crude oil gathering systems. Obligations for copper concentrate provide for deliveries of specified volumes to Atlantic Copper at market-based prices. Electricity obligations are primarily for contractual minimum demand at the South America mines.

FCX’s future commitments associated with unconditional purchase obligations total $2.2 billion in 2016, $0.9 billion in 2017, $184 million in 2018, $93 million in 2019, $73 million in 2020 and $482 million thereafter. During the three-year period ended December 31, 2015, FCX fulfilled its minimum contractual purchase obligations.

Mining Contracts — Indonesia. FCX is entitled to mine in Indonesia under the COW between PT-FI and the Indonesian government. The original COW was entered into in 1967 and was replaced with the current COW in 1991. The initial term of the current COW expires in 2021 but can be extended by PT-FI for two 10-year periods subject to Indonesian government approval, which pursuant to the COW cannot be withheld or delayed unreasonably.

The copper royalty rate payable by PT-FI under its COW, prior to modifications discussed below as a result of the July 2014 Memorandum of Understanding (MOU), varied from 1.5 percent of copper net revenue at a copper price of $0.90 or less per pound to 3.5 percent at a copper price of $1.10 or more per pound. The COW royalty rate for gold and silver sales was at a fixed rate of 1.0 percent.

A large part of the mineral royalties under Indonesian government regulations is designated to the provinces from which the minerals are extracted. In connection with its fourth concentrator mill expansion completed in 1998, PT-FI agreed to pay the Indonesian government additional royalties (royalties not required by the COW) to provide further support to the local governments and to the people of the Indonesian province of Papua. The additional royalties were paid on production exceeding specified annual amounts of copper, gold and silver generated when PT-FI’s milling facilities operated above 200,000 metric tons of ore per day. The additional royalty for copper equaled the COW royalty rate, and for gold and silver equaled twice the COW royalty rates. Therefore, PT-FI’s royalty rate on copper net revenues from production above the agreed levels was double the COW royalty rate, and the royalty rates on gold and silver sales from production above the agreed levels were triple the COW royalty rates.

In January 2014, the Indonesian government published regulations that among other things imposed a progressive export duty on copper concentrate and restricts concentrate exports after January 12, 2017. PT-FI’s COW authorizes it to export concentrate and specifies the taxes and other fiscal terms available to its operations. The COW states that PT-FI shall not be subject to taxes, duties or fees subsequently imposed or approved by the Indonesian government except as expressly provided in the COW. Additionally, PT-FI complied with the requirements of its COW for local processing by arranging for the construction and commissioning of Indonesia's only copper smelter and refinery, which is owned by PT Smelting (refer to Note 6). In July 2014, PT-FI entered into a MOU with the Indonesian government. Execution of the MOU enabled the resumption of concentrate exports in August 2014, which had been suspended since January 2014.

Under the MOU, PT-FI provided a $115 million assurance bond to support its commitment for smelter development, agreed to increase royalty rates to 4.0 percent for copper and 3.75 percent for gold from the previous rates of 3.5 percent for copper and 1.0 percent for gold, and agreed to pay export duties as set forth in a new regulation. The Indonesian government revised its January 2014 regulations regarding export duties, which were set at 7.5 percent, declining to 5.0 percent when smelter development progress exceeds 7.5 percent and are eliminated when development progress exceeds 30 percent. The MOU also anticipated an amendment of the COW within six months to address other matters; however, no terms of the COW other than those relating to the smelter bond, increased royalties and export duties were changed. In January 2015, the MOU was extended to July 25, 2015, and it expired on that date. The increased royalty rates, export duties and smelter assurance bond remain in effect. PT-FI's royalties totaled $114 million in 2015, $115 million in 2014 and $109 million in 2013, and export duties totaled $109 million in 2015 and $77 million in 2014.

PT-FI is required to apply for renewal of export permits at six-month intervals. On July 29, 2015, PT-FI's export permit was renewed through January 28, 2016. In connection with the renewal, export duties were reduced to 5.0 percent as a result of smelter development progress. On February 9, 2016, PT-FI's export permit was renewed through August 8, 2016. PT-FI will continue to pay a five percent export duty on concentrate while it reviews its smelter progress with the Indonesian government.

PT-FI continues to engage in discussion with the Indonesian government regarding its COW and long-term operating rights. In October 2015, the Indonesian government provided a letter of assurance to PT-FI indicating that it will approve the extension of operations beyond 2021, and provide the same rights and the same level of legal and fiscal certainty provided under its current COW although that approval has not yet been received.

In connection with its COW negotiations and subject to concluding the agreement to extend PT-FI's operations beyond 2021 on acceptable terms, PT-FI has agreed to construct new smelter capacity in Indonesia and to divest an additional 20.64 percent interest in PT-FI at fair market value. PT-FI continues to advance plans for the smelter in parallel with completing its COW negotiations.

Mining Contracts — Africa. FCX is entitled to mine in the DRC under an Amended and Restated Mining Convention (ARMC) between TFM and the Government of the DRC. The original Mining Convention entered into in 1996 was replaced with the ARMC in 2005 and was further amended in 2010 (approved in 2011). The current ARMC will remain in effect for as long as the Tenke concessions are exploitable. The royalty rate payable by TFM under the ARMC is two percent of net revenue. These mining royalties totaled $25 million in 2015 and $29 million in both 2014 and 2013.

Community Development Programs. FCX has adopted policies that govern its working relationships with the communities where it operates. These policies are designed to guide its practices and programs in a manner that respects basic human rights and the culture of the local people impacted by FCX’s operations. FCX continues to make significant expenditures on community development, education, training and cultural programs.

In 1996, PT-FI established the Freeport Partnership Fund for Community Development (Partnership Fund) through which PT-FI has made available funding and technical assistance to support community development initiatives in the area of health, education and economic development of the area. PT-FI has committed through 2016 to provide one percent of its annual revenue for the development of the local people in its area of operations through the Partnership Fund. PT-FI charged $27 million in 2015, $31 million in 2014 and $41 million in 2013 to cost of sales for this commitment.

TFM has committed to assist the communities living within its concession areas in the Southeast region of the DRC. TFM will contribute 0.3 percent of net sales revenue from production to a community development fund to assist the local communities with development of local infrastructure and related services, including health, education and agriculture. TFM charged $4 million in each of the years 2015, 2014 and 2013 to cost of sales for this commitment.

Guarantees. FCX provides certain financial guarantees (including indirect guarantees of the indebtedness of others) and indemnities.

At December 31, 2015, FCX's venture agreement with Sumitomo at its Morenci mine in Arizona (refer to Note 3 for further discussion) includes a put and call option guarantee clause. FCX holds an 85 percent undivided interest in the Morenci complex. Under certain conditions defined in the venture agreement, Sumitomo has the right to sell its 15 percent share to FCX. Likewise, under certain conditions, FCX has the right to purchase Sumitomo’s share of the venture. At December 31, 2015, the maximum potential payment FCX is obligated to make to Sumitomo upon exercise of the put option (or FCX’s exercise of its call option) totaled approximately $347 million based on calculations defined in the venture agreement. At December 31, 2015, FCX had not recorded any liability in its consolidated financial statements in connection with this guarantee as FCX does not believe, based on information available, that it is probable that any amounts will be paid under this guarantee as the fair value of Sumitomo’s 15 percent share is in excess of the exercise price.

Prior to its acquisition by FCX, FMC and its subsidiaries have, as part of merger, acquisition, divestiture and other transactions, from time to time, indemnified certain sellers, buyers or other parties related to the transaction from and against certain liabilities associated with conditions in existence (or claims associated with actions taken) prior to the closing date of the transaction. As part of these transactions, FMC indemnified the counterparty from and against certain excluded or retained liabilities existing at the time of sale that would otherwise have been transferred to the party at closing. These indemnity provisions generally now require FCX to indemnify the party against certain liabilities that may arise in the future from the pre-closing activities of FMC for assets sold or purchased. The indemnity classifications include environmental, tax and certain operating liabilities, claims or litigation existing at closing and various excluded liabilities or obligations. Most of these indemnity obligations arise from transactions that closed many years ago, and given the nature of these indemnity obligations, it is not possible to estimate the maximum potential exposure. Except as described in the following sentence, FCX does not consider any of such obligations as having a probable likelihood of payment that is reasonably estimable, and accordingly, has not recorded any obligations associated with these indemnities. With respect to FCX’s environmental indemnity obligations, any expected costs from these guarantees are accrued when potential environmental obligations are considered by management to be probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated.

NOTE 14. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

FCX does not purchase, hold or sell derivative financial instruments unless there is an existing asset or obligation, or it anticipates a future activity that is likely to occur and will result in exposure to market risks, which FCX intends to offset or mitigate. FCX does not enter into any derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes, but has entered into derivative financial instruments in limited instances to achieve specific objectives. These objectives principally relate to managing risks associated with commodity price changes, foreign currency exchange rates and interest rates.

Commodity Contracts. From time to time, FCX has entered into derivatives contracts to hedge the market risk associated with fluctuations in the prices of commodities it purchases and sells. As a result of the acquisition of the oil and gas business in 2013, FCX assumed a variety of crude oil and natural gas commodity derivatives to hedge the exposure to the volatility of crude oil and natural gas commodity prices. Derivative financial instruments used by FCX to manage its risks do not contain credit risk-related contingent provisions. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, FCX had no price protection contracts relating to its mine production. A discussion of FCX’s derivative contracts and programs follows.

Derivatives Designated as Hedging Instruments – Fair Value Hedges

Copper Futures and Swap Contracts. Some of FCX’s U.S. copper rod customers request a fixed market price instead of the COMEX average copper price in the month of shipment. FCX hedges this price exposure in a manner that allows it to receive the COMEX average price in the month of shipment while the customers pay the fixed price they requested. FCX accomplishes this by entering into copper futures or swap contracts. Hedging gains or losses from these copper futures and swap contracts are recorded in revenues. FCX did not have any significant gains or losses during the three years ended December 31, 2015, resulting from hedge ineffectiveness. At December 31,

2015, FCX held copper futures and swap contracts that qualified for hedge accounting for 64 million pounds at an average contract price of $2.29 per pound, with maturities through September 2017.

A summary of (losses) gains recognized in revenues for derivative financial instruments related to commodity contracts that are designated and qualify as fair value hedge transactions, along with the unrealized gains (losses) on the related hedged item for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Copper futures and swap contracts:
Unrealized (losses) gains:
Derivative financial instruments$(3)$(12)$1
Hedged item – firm sales commitments312(1)
Realized losses:
Matured derivative financial instruments(34)(9)(17)

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Embedded Derivatives. As described in Note 1 under “Revenue Recognition,” certain FCX copper concentrate, copper cathode and gold sales contracts provide for provisional pricing primarily based on the LME copper price or the COMEX copper price and the London gold price at the time of shipment as specified in the contract. Similarly, FCX purchases copper under contracts that provide for provisional pricing. Mark-to-market price fluctuations from these embedded derivatives are recorded through the settlement date and are reflected in revenues for sales contracts and in cost of sales as production and delivery costs for purchase contracts. A summary of FCX’s embedded derivatives at December 31, 2015, follows:

OpenAverage Price Per UnitMaturities
PositionsContractMarketThrough
Embedded derivatives in provisional sales contracts:
Copper (millions of pounds)738$2.22$2.13July 2016
Gold (thousands of ounces)2151,0711,062March 2016
Embedded derivatives in provisional purchase contracts:
Copper (millions of pounds)992.162.14April 2016

Crude Oil and Natural Gas Contracts. As a result of the acquisition of the oil and gas business, FCX had derivative contracts that consisted of crude oil options, and crude oil and natural gas swaps. These derivatives were not designated as hedging instruments and were recorded at fair value with the mark-to-market gains and losses recorded in revenues. The crude oil options were entered into by PXP to protect the realized price of a portion of expected future sales in order to limit the effects of crude oil price decreases. The remaining contacts matured in 2015, and FCX had no outstanding crude oil or natural gas derivative contracts as of December 31, 2015.

Copper Forward Contracts. Atlantic Copper, FCX's wholly owned smelting and refining unit in Spain, enters into copper forward contracts designed to hedge its copper price risk whenever its physical purchases and sales pricing periods do not match. These economic hedge transactions are intended to hedge against changes in copper prices, with the mark-to-market hedging gains or losses recorded in cost of sales. At December 31, 2015, Atlantic Copper held net copper forward purchase contracts for six million pounds at an average contract price of $2.10 per pound, with maturities through February 2016.

Summary of (Losses) Gains. A summary of the realized and unrealized (losses) gains recognized in (loss) income before income taxes and equity in affiliated companies’ net (losses) earnings for commodity contracts that do not qualify as hedge transactions, including embedded derivatives, for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Embedded derivatives in provisional copper and gold
sales contractsa$(439)$(289)$(136)
Crude oil options and swapsa87513(344)
Natural gas swapsa—(8)—10
Copper forward contractsb(15)(4)3
a.Amounts recorded in revenues.
b.Amounts recorded in cost of sales as production and delivery costs.

Unsettled Derivative Financial Instruments

A summary of the fair values of unsettled commodity derivative financial instruments follows:

December 31,
20152014
Commodity Derivative Assets:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Copper futures and swap contractsa$1$—
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Embedded derivatives in provisional copper and gold
sales/purchase contracts2115
Crude oil optionsb—316
Total derivative assets$22$331
Commodity Derivative Liabilities:
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Copper futures and swap contractsa$11$7
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Embedded derivatives in provisional copper and gold
sales/purchase contracts8293
Total derivative liabilities$93$100
a.FCX had paid $10 million to brokers at December 31, 2015 and 2014, for margin requirements (recorded in other current assets).
b.Includes $210 million at December 31, 2014, for deferred premiums and accrued interest.

FCX's commodity contracts have netting arrangements with counterparties with which the right of offset exists, and it is FCX's policy to offset balances by counterparty on the balance sheet. FCX's embedded derivatives on provisional sales/purchases are netted with the corresponding outstanding receivable/payable balances. A summary of these unsettled commodity contracts that are offset in the balance sheet follows:

Assets at December 31,Liabilities at December 31,
2015201420152014
Gross amounts recognized:
Commodity contracts:
Embedded derivatives in provisional
sales/purchase contracts$21$15$82$93
Crude oil derivatives—316——
Copper derivatives1—117
2233193100
Less gross amounts of offset:
Commodity contracts:
Embedded derivatives in provisional
sales/purchase contracts6161
Crude oil derivatives————
Copper derivatives1—1—
7171
Net amounts presented in balance sheet:
Commodity contracts:
Embedded derivatives in provisional
sales/purchase contracts15147692
Crude oil derivatives—316——
Copper derivatives——107
$15$330$86$99
Balance sheet classification:
Trade accounts receivable$10$5$52$56
Other current assets—316——
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities593443
$15$330$86$99

Credit Risk. FCX is exposed to credit loss when financial institutions with which FCX has entered into derivative transactions (commodity, foreign exchange and interest rate swaps) are unable to pay. To minimize the risk of such losses, FCX uses counterparties that meet certain credit requirements and periodically reviews the creditworthiness of these counterparties. FCX does not anticipate that any of the counterparties it deals with will default on their obligations. As of December 31, 2015, the maximum amount of credit exposure associated with derivative transactions was $45 million.

Other Financial Instruments. Other financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, restricted cash, investment securities, legally restricted funds, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, dividends payable and long-term debt. The carrying value for cash and cash equivalents (which included time deposits of $34 million at December 31, 2015, and $48 million at December 31, 2014), accounts receivable, restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and dividends payable approximates fair value because of their short-term nature and generally negligible credit losses (refer to Note 15 for the fair values of investment securities, legally restricted funds and long-term debt).

NOTE 15. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

Fair value accounting guidance includes a hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 inputs) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 inputs).

FCX recognizes transfers between levels at the end of the reporting period. FCX did not have any significant transfers in or out of Level 1, 2 or 3 for 2015. A summary of the carrying amount and fair value of FCX’s financial instruments, other than cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, restricted cash, accounts payable and accrued liabilities, and dividends payable follows:

At December 31, 2015
CarryingFair Value
AmountTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Investment securities:a,b
U.S. core fixed income fund$23$23$—$23$—
Money market funds212121——
Equity securities333——
Total47472423—
Legally restricted funds:a,b,c,d
U.S. core fixed income fund5252—52—
Government bonds and notes3737—37—
Government mortgage-backed securities2828—28—
Corporate bonds2626—26—
Asset-backed securities1313—13—
Collateralized mortgage-backed securities77—7—
Money market funds777——
Municipal bonds11—1—
Total1711717164—
Derivatives:a,e
Embedded derivatives in provisional sales/purchase
contracts in a gross asset position2121—21—
Copper futures and swap contracts111——
Total2222121—
Total assets$240$32$208$—
Liabilities
Derivatives:a,e
Embedded derivatives in provisional sales/purchase
contracts in a gross liability position$82$82$—$82$—
Copper futures and swap contracts111174—
Total9393786—
Long-term debt, including current portionf20,42813,987—13,987—
Total liabilities$14,080$7$14,073$—
At December 31, 2014
CarryingFair Value
AmountTotalLevel 1Level 2Level 3
Assets
Investment securities:a,b
U.S. core fixed income fund$23$23$—$23$—
Money market funds202020——
Equity securities333——
Total46462323—
Legally restricted funds:a,b,c,d
U.S. core fixed income fund5252—52—
Government bonds and notes3939—39—
Corporate bonds2727—27—
Government mortgage-backed securities1919—19—
Asset-backed securities1717—17—
Money market funds111111——
Collateralized mortgage-backed securities66—6—
Municipal bonds11—1—
Total17217211161—
Derivatives:a,e
Embedded derivatives in provisional sales/purchase
contracts in a gross asset position1515—15—
Crude oil options316316——316
Total331331—15316
Total assets$549$34$199$316
Liabilities
Derivatives:a,e
Embedded derivatives in provisional sales/purchase
contracts in a gross liability position$93$93$—$93$—
Copper futures and swap contracts7761—
Total100100694—
Long-term debt, including current portionf18,84918,735—18,735—
Total liabilities$18,835$6$18,829$—
a.Recorded at fair value.
b.Current portion included in other current assets and long-term portion included in other assets.
c.Excludes time deposits (which approximated fair value) included in other assets of $118 million at December 31, 2015, and $115 million at December 31, 2014, associated with an assurance bond to support PT-FI's commitment for smelter development in Indonesia (refer to Note 13 for further discussion).
d.Excludes time deposits (which approximated fair value) included in other current assets of $28 million at December 31, 2015 and $17 million at December 31, 2014.
e.Refer to Note 14 for further discussion and balance sheet classifications. Crude oil options are net of $210 million at December 31, 2014, for deferred premiums and accrued interest.
f.Recorded at cost except for debt assumed in acquisitions, which are recorded at fair value at the respective acquisition dates.

Valuation Techniques

Money market funds are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices in active markets.

The U.S. core fixed income fund is valued at net asset value. The fund strategy seeks total return consisting of income and capital appreciation primarily by investing in a broad range of investment-grade debt securities, including U.S. government obligations, corporate bonds, mortgage-backed securities, asset-backed securities and money market instruments. There are no restrictions on redemptions (usually within one business day of notice) and, as such, this fund is classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Fixed income securities (government securities, corporate bonds, asset-backed securities, collateralized mortgage-backed securities and municipal bonds) are valued using a bid-evaluation price or a mid-evaluation price. A bid-evaluation price is an estimated price at which a dealer would pay for a security. A mid-evaluation price is the average of the estimated price at which a dealer would sell a security and the estimated price at which a dealer would pay for a security. These evaluations are based on quoted prices, if available, or models that use observable inputs and, as such, are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

Equity securities are valued at the closing price reported on the active market on which the individual securities are traded and, as such, are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy.

FCX’s embedded derivatives on provisional copper concentrate, copper cathode and gold purchases and sales are valued using only quoted monthly LME or COMEX copper forward prices and the London gold forward price at each reporting date based on the month of maturity (refer to Note 14 for further discussion); however, FCX's contracts themselves are not traded on an exchange. As a result, these derivatives are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

FCX's derivative financial instruments for crude oil options were valued using an option pricing model, which used various inputs including Intercontinental Exchange Holdings, Inc. crude oil prices, volatilities, interest rates and contract terms. Valuations were adjusted for credit quality, using the counterparties' credit quality for asset balances and FCX's credit quality for liability balances (which considers the impact of netting agreements on counterparty credit risk, including whether the position with the counterparty is a net asset or net liability). For asset balances, FCX used the credit default swap value for counterparties when available or the spread between the risk-free interest rate and the yield rate on the counterparties' publicly traded debt for similar instruments. The crude oil options were classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy because the inputs used in the valuation models were not observable for the full term of the instruments. Refer to Note 14 for further discussion of these derivative financial instruments.

FCX’s derivative financial instruments for copper futures and swap contracts and copper forward contracts that are traded on the respective exchanges are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted monthly COMEX or LME prices at each reporting date based on the month of maturity (refer to Note 14 for further discussion). Certain of these contracts are traded on the over-the-counter market and are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy based on COMEX and LME forward prices.

Long-term debt, including current portion, is valued using available market quotes and, as such, is classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

The techniques described above may produce a fair value calculation that may not be indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while FCX believes its valuation techniques are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different techniques or assumptions to determine fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different fair value measurement at the reporting date. There have been no changes in the techniques used at December 31, 2015.

A summary of the changes in the fair value of FCX's Level 3 instruments, crude oil options, for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013
Balance at beginning of year$316$(309)$—
Crude oil options assumed in the PXP acquisition——(83)
Net realized gains (losses)a86(42)(38)
Net unrealized gains (losses) related to assets and liabilities still held at the end of the yearb—430(230)
Net settlementsc(402)23742
Balance at the end of the year$—$316$(309)
a.Includes net realized gains (losses) of $87 million recorded in revenues in 2015, $(41) million in 2014 and $(37) million in 2013, and $(1) million of interest expense associated with deferred premiums in 2015, 2014 and 2013.
b.Includes unrealized gains (losses) recorded in revenues of $432 million in 2014 and $(228) million in 2013, and $(2) million of interest expense associated with deferred premiums in 2014 and 2013.
c.Includes interest payments of $4 million in 2015, $5 million in 2014 and $1 million in 2013.

Refer to Notes 1 and 5 for a discussion of the fair value estimates utilized in the impairment assessments for mining operations, which were determined based on inputs not observable in the market and thus represent Level 3 measurements. Refer to Note 2 for the levels within the fair value hierarchy associated with other assets acquired, liabilities assumed and redeemable noncontrolling interest related to PXP and MMR acquisitions, and the goodwill impairment.

NOTE 16. BUSINESS SEGMENT INFORMATION

Product Revenue. FCX revenues attributable to the products it produced for the years ended December 31 follow:

201520142013
Refined copper products$7,790$9,451$9,178
Copper in concentratea2,8693,3665,328
Gold1,5381,5841,656
Molybdenum7831,2071,110
Oil1,6944,2332,310
Other1,2031,5971,339
Total$15,877$21,438$20,921
a.Amounts are net of treatment and refining charges totaling $485 million in 2015, $374 million in 2014 and $400 million in 2013.

Geographic Area. Information concerning financial data by geographic area follows:

December 31,
201520142013
Long-lived assets:a
U.S.$16,569b$29,468$32,969
Indonesia7,7016,9615,799
Peru8,4326,8485,181
DRC4,1964,0713,994
Chile1,3871,542c2,699
Other510522562
Total$38,795$49,412$51,204
a.Long-lived assets exclude deferred tax assets, intangible assets and goodwill.
b.Decreased from 2014 primarily because of impairment charges related to oil and gas properties (refer to Note 1 for further discussion).
c.Decreased from 2013 primarily because of the sale of the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines.
Years Ended December 31,
201520142013
Revenues:a
U.S.$6,842$10,311$9,331
Japan1,2461,5732,125
Indonesia1,0541,7921,651
Switzerland1,0269731,307
Spain9601,0201,056
China7608921,048
India532292431
Singapore432562119
Chile397687754
Turkey345484334
Egypt272365296
Korea207241198
Other1,8042,2462,271
Total$15,877$21,438$20,921
a.Revenues are attributed to countries based on the location of the customer.

Major Customers and Affiliated Companies. Oil and gas sales to Phillips 66 Company totaled $1.1 billion (7 percent of FCX's consolidated revenues) in 2015 and $2.5 billion (12 percent of FCX's consolidated revenues) in 2014. No other customer accounted for 10 percent or more of FCX's consolidated revenues during the three years ended December 31, 2015.

Consolidated revenues include sales to the noncontrolling interest owners of FCX's South America mining operations totaling $1.0 billion in 2015, $1.6 billion in 2014 and $2.0 billion in 2013, and PT-FI's sales to PT Smelting totaling $1.1 billion in 2015, $1.8 billion in 2014 and $1.7 billion in 2013.

Labor Matters. As of December 31, 2015, 48 percent of FCX's labor force was covered by collective bargaining agreements, and 4 percent of FCX's labor force is covered by agreements that expired and are currently being negotiated or will expire within one year.

Business Segments. FCX has organized its mining operations into five primary divisions – North America copper mines, South America mining, Indonesia mining, Africa mining and Molybdenum mines, and operating segments that meet certain thresholds are reportable segments. For oil and gas operations, FCX determines its operating segments on a country-by-country basis. Separately disclosed in the following tables are FCX's reportable segments, which include the Morenci, Cerro Verde, Grasberg and Tenke Fungurume copper mines, the Rod & Refining operations and the U.S. Oil & Gas operations. FCX's U.S. Oil & Gas operations reflect the results of FM O&G beginning June 1, 2013.

Intersegment sales between FCX’s mining operations are based on similar arm's-length transactions with third parties at the time of the sale. Intersegment sales may not be reflective of the actual prices ultimately realized because of a variety of factors, including additional processing, timing of sales to unaffiliated customers and transportation premiums.

FCX defers recognizing profits on sales from its mines to other divisions, including Atlantic Copper (FCX's wholly owned smelter and refinery in Spain) and on 25 percent of PT-FI's sales to PT Smelting (PT-FI's 25-percent-owned smelter and refinery in Indonesia), until final sales to third parties occur. Quarterly variations in ore grades, the timing of intercompany shipments and changes in product prices result in variability in FCX's net deferred profits and quarterly earnings.

FCX allocates certain operating costs, expenses and capital expenditures to its operating divisions and individual segments. However, not all costs and expenses applicable to an operation are allocated. U.S. federal and state income taxes are recorded and managed at the corporate level (included in corporate, other and eliminations), whereas foreign income taxes are recorded and managed at the applicable country level. In addition, most mining exploration and research activities are managed on a consolidated basis, and those costs along with some selling, general and administrative costs are not allocated to the operating divisions or individual segments. Accordingly, the

following segment information reflects management determinations that may not be indicative of what the actual financial performance of each operating division or segment would be if it was an independent entity.

North America Copper Mines. FCX has seven operating copper mines in North America – Morenci, Bagdad, Safford, Sierrita and Miami in Arizona, and Tyrone and Chino in New Mexico. The North America copper mines include open-pit mining, sulfide ore concentrating, leaching and SX/EW operations. A majority of the copper produced at the North America copper mines is cast into copper rod by FCX’s Rod & Refining operations. In addition to copper, certain of FCX's North America copper mines also produce molybdenum concentrate and silver.

The Morenci open-pit mine, located in southeastern Arizona, produces copper cathode and copper concentrate. In addition to copper, the Morenci mine also produces molybdenum concentrate. The Morenci mine produced 46 percent of FCX’s North America copper during 2015.

South America Mining. South America mining includes two operating copper mines – Cerro Verde in Peru and El Abra in Chile. These operations include open-pit mining, sulfide ore concentrating, leaching and SX/EW operations.

On November 3, 2014, FCX completed the sale of its 80 percent ownership interests in the Candelaria mine and the Ojos del Salado mine, both reported as components of other South America mines. South America mining includes the results of the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines through the sale date. Refer to Note 2 for further discussion.

The Cerro Verde open-pit copper mine, located near Arequipa, Peru, produces copper cathode and copper concentrate. In addition to copper, the Cerro Verde mine also produces molybdenum concentrate and silver. The Cerro Verde mine produced 63 percent of FCX’s South America copper during 2015.

Indonesia Mining. Indonesia mining includes PT-FI’s Grasberg minerals district that produces copper concentrate, which contains significant quantities of gold and silver.

Africa Mining. Africa mining includes the Tenke minerals district. The Tenke operation includes surface mining, leaching and SX/EW operations and produces copper cathode. In addition to copper, the Tenke operation produces cobalt hydroxide.

Molybdenum Mines. Molybdenum mines include the wholly owned Henderson underground mine and Climax open-pit mine in Colorado. The Henderson and Climax mines produce high-purity, chemical-grade molybdenum concentrate, which is typically further processed into value-added molybdenum chemical products.

Rod & Refining. The Rod & Refining segment consists of copper conversion facilities located in North America, and includes a refinery, three rod mills and a specialty copper products facility, which are combined in accordance with segment reporting aggregation guidance. These operations process copper produced at FCX’s North America copper mines and purchased copper into copper cathode, rod and custom copper shapes. At times these operations refine copper and produce copper rod and shapes for customers on a toll basis. Toll arrangements require the tolling customer to deliver appropriate copper-bearing material to FCX’s facilities for processing into a product that is returned to the customer, who pays FCX for processing its material into the specified products.

Atlantic Copper Smelting & Refining. Atlantic Copper smelts and refines copper concentrate and markets refined copper and precious metals in slimes. During 2015, Atlantic Copper purchased approximately 23 percent of its concentrate requirements from the North America copper mines, approximately 3 percent from the South America mining operations and approximately 3 percent from the Indonesia mining operations at market prices, with the remainder purchased from third parties.

Other Mining & Eliminations. Other mining and eliminations include the Miami smelter (a smelter at FCX's Miami, Arizona, mining operation), Freeport Cobalt (a cobalt chemical refinery in Kokkola, Finland), molybdenum conversion facilities in the U.S. and Europe, four non-operating copper mines in North America (Ajo, Bisbee and Tohono in Arizona, and Cobre in New Mexico) and other mining support entities.

U.S. Oil & Gas Operations. FCX's U.S. Oil & Gas operations include oil and natural gas assets in the Deepwater GOM, onshore and offshore California, the Haynesville shale in Louisiana, the Madden area in central Wyoming and a position in the Inboard Lower Tertiary/Cretaceous natural gas trend onshore in South Louisiana. All of the U.S. operations are considered one operating and reportable segment.

Financial Information by Business Segment

Mining Operations
North America Copper MinesSouth AmericaIndonesiaAfrica
AtlanticOtherCorporate,
Molyb-CopperMiningU.S.Other
OtherCerroOtherdenumRod &Smelting& Elimi-TotalOil & Gas& Elimi-FCX
MorenciMinesTotalVerdeMinesaTotalGrasbergTenkeMinesRefining& RefiningnationsMiningOperationsbnationsTotal
Year Ended December 31, 2015
Revenues:
Unaffiliated customers$558$351$909$1,065$808$1,873$2,617$1,270$—$4,125$1,955$1,133c$13,882$1,994d$1$15,877
Intersegment1,6462,5714,21768(7)e61361143482915(4,820)————
Production and deliveryf,g1,5232,2763,7998156231,4381,8088603124,1291,848(3,859)10,3351,211(1)11,545
Depreciation, depletion and amortization21734356021913335229325797939721,6791,804143,497
Impairment of oil and gas properties—————————————12,980164h13,144
Copper and molybdenum inventory adjustments—142142—7373——11——112338——338
Selling, general and administrative expenses33631410311——1620160188221569
Mining exploration and research expenses—77————————120127——127
Environmental obligations and shutdown costs—33————————7477—178
Net gain on sales of assets—(39)(39)—————————(39)——(39)
Operating income (loss)46118764896(29)67449256(72)1667(226)1,205(14,189)(398)(13,382)
Interest expense, net22416—16————1075105186354645
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes———13(9)419548————247—(2,182)(1,935)
Total assets at December 31, 20153,5674,8788,4459,4451,66111,1069,4025,0791,9992196121,29338,1558,14128146,577
Capital expenditures2531023551,674481,72291322913423473,3062,948i996,353
Year Ended December 31, 2014
Revenues:
Unaffiliated customers$364$336$700$1,282$1,740$3,022$2,848$1,437$—$4,626$2,391$1,704c$16,728$4,710d$—$21,438
Intersegment1,7523,1644,9162063045102231215872921(6,407)————
Production and delivery1,2872,1533,4407411,1981,9391,9887703284,6332,356(4,795)10,6591,237211,898
Depreciation, depletion and amortization168316484159208367266228921041701,5582,291143,863
Impairment of oil and gas properties—————————————3,737—3,737
Copper and molybdenum inventory adjustments———————————66——6
Selling, general and administrative expenses2353369812——1725163207222592
Mining exploration and research expenses—88————————118126——126
Environmental obligations and shutdown costs—(5)(5)————————123118—1119
Goodwill impairment—————————————1,717—1,717
Net gain on sales of assets—(14)(14)————————(703)j(717)——(717)
Operating income (loss)6591,0391,6985856351,22071954816712(2)4534,815(4,479)(239)97
Interest expense, net3141—1————1384102241287630
Provision for (benefit from) income taxes———265266531293116———221j1,161—(837)324
Total assets at December 31, 20143,7805,6119,3917,4901,9939,4838,6265,0732,0952358981,31937,12020,83472058,674
Capital expenditures8261439691,691941,78594815954417523,9883,205i227,215
a.Includes the results of the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines prior to their sale in November 2014.
b.Includes the results of Eagle Ford prior to its sale in June 2014.
c.Includes revenues from FCX's molybdenum sales company, which includes sales of molybdenum produced by the Molybdenum mines and by certain of the North and South America copper mines.
d.Includes net mark-to-market gains associated with crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts totaling $87 million in 2015 and $505 million in 2014.
e.Reflects net reductions for provisional pricing adjustments to prior period open sales.
f.Includes impairment, restructuring and other net charges for mining operations totaling $156 million, including $99 million at North America copper mines, $13 million at South America mines, $11 million at Tenke, $7 million at Molybdenum mines, $3 million at Rod & Refining, $20 million at other mining & eliminations and $3 million for restructuring at corporate, other & eliminations.
g.Includes charges at U.S. Oil & Gas operations totaling $188 million in 2015 primarily for other asset impairments and inventory write-downs, idle/terminated rig costs, and prior year non-income tax assessments at the California properties and $46 million in 2014 primarily for idle/terminated rig costs and inventory write-downs.
h.Reflects impairment charges for international oil and gas properties primarily related to Morocco.
i.Excludes international oil and gas capital expenditures totaling $100 million in 2015 and $19 million in 2014, primarily related to the Morocco oil and gas properties, which are included in corporate, other & eliminations.
j.Includes the gain and related income tax provision associated with the sale of the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado mines.
Mining Operations
North America Copper MinesSouth AmericaIndonesiaAfrica
AtlanticOtherCorporate,
Molyb-CopperMiningU.S.Other
OtherCerroOtherdenumRod &Smelting& Elimi-TotalOil & Gas& Elimi-FCX
MorenciMinesTotalVerdeMinesTotalGrasbergTenkeMinesRefining& RefiningnationsMiningOperationsnationsTotal
Year Ended December 31, 2013
Revenues:
Unaffiliated customers$244$326$570$1,473$2,379$3,852$3,751$1,590$—$4,995$2,027$1,516a$18,301$2,616b$4$20,921
Intersegment1,6732,9404,613360273633336475222714(6,192)————
Production and delivery1,2332,0333,2667811,2882,0692,3097543174,9902,054(4,611)11,148682711,837
Depreciation, depletion and amortization13326940215219434624724682942481,4221,364112,797
Copper and molybdenum inventory adjustments———————————33——3
Selling, general and administrative expenses23534711012——2029183120354657
Mining exploration and research expenses—55———1————193199—11210
Environmental obligations and shutdown costs—(1)(1)————————6766——66
Operating income (loss)5499571,5068971,1662,0631,42062512323(75)c(405)5,280450(379)5,351
Interest expense, net314213122——1680117181220518
Provision for income taxes———316404720603131————1,454—21d1,475
Total assets at December 31, 20133,1105,8108,9206,5843,99610,5807,4374,8492,1072391,0391,00336,17426,25295963,385
Capital expenditures7373291,0669601851,1451,0302051644671133,7941,436565,286
a.Includes revenues from FCX's molybdenum sales company, which included sales of molybdenum produced by the Molybdenum mines and by certain of the North and South America copper mines.
b.Includes net mark-to-market losses associated with crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts totaling $334 million for the period from June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013
c.Includes $50 million for shutdown costs associated with Atlantic Copper's scheduled 68-day maintenance turnaround, which was completed in fourth-quarter 2013.
d.Includes $199 million of net benefits resulting from oil and gas acquisitions.

NOTE 17. GUARANTOR FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

All of the senior notes issued by FCX and discussed in Note 8 are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior basis jointly and severally by FM O&G LLC, as guarantor, which is a 100-percent-owned subsidiary of FM O&G and FCX. The guarantee is an unsecured obligation of the guarantor and ranks equal in right of payment with all existing and future indebtedness of FM O&G LLC, including indebtedness under the revolving credit facility. The guarantee ranks senior in right of payment with all of FM O&G LLC's future subordinated obligations and is effectively subordinated in right of payment to any debt of FM O&G LLC's subsidiaries. The indentures provide that FM O&G LLC's guarantee may be released or terminated for certain obligations under the following circumstances: (i) all or substantially all of the equity interests or assets of FM O&G LLC are sold to a third party; or (ii) FM O&G LLC no longer has any obligations under any FM O&G senior notes or any refinancing thereof and no longer guarantees any obligations of FCX under the revolver, the Term Loan or any other senior debt.

The following condensed consolidating financial information includes information regarding FCX, as issuer, FM O&G LLC, as guarantor, and all other non-guarantor subsidiaries of FCX. Included are the condensed consolidating balance sheets at December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the related condensed consolidating statements of comprehensive (loss) income and the condensed consolidating statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, which should be read in conjunction with FCX's notes to the consolidated financial statements:

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET

December 31, 2015

FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
ASSETS
Current assets$181$3,831$10,982$(7,532)$7,462
Property, plant, equipment and mining development costs, net265727,426—27,509
Oil and gas properties, net - full cost method:
Subject to amortization, less accumulated amortization—7101,552—2,262
Not subject to amortization—1,3933,43264,831
Investments in consolidated subsidiaries24,311——(24,311)—
Other assets5,0381,8264,447(6,798)4,513
Total assets$29,556$7,817$47,839$(38,635)$46,577
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities$6,012$666$5,155$(7,526)$4,307
Long-term debt, less current portion14,7355,88311,594(12,433)19,779
Deferred income taxes941a—3,347—4,288
Environmental and asset retirement obligations, less current portion—3053,434—3,739
Investment in consolidated subsidiary——2,397(2,397)—
Other liabilities403,3601,747(3,491)1,656
Total liabilities21,72810,21427,674(25,847)33,769
Redeemable noncontrolling interest——764—764
Equity:
Stockholders' equity7,828(2,397)15,725(13,328)7,828
Noncontrolling interests——3,6765404,216
Total equity7,828(2,397)19,401(12,788)12,044
Total liabilities and equity$29,556$7,817$47,839$(38,635)$46,577
a.All U.S. related deferred income taxes are recorded at the parent company.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING BALANCE SHEET

December 31, 2014

FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
ASSETS
Current assets$323$2,635$8,659$(2,572)$9,045
Property, plant, equipment and mining development costs, net224626,152—26,220
Oil and gas properties, net - full cost method:
Subject to amortization, less accumulated amortization—3,2965,907(16)9,187
Not subject to amortization—2,4477,640—10,087
Investments in consolidated subsidiaries28,7656,46010,246(45,471)—
Other assets8,9143,9474,061(12,787)4,135
Total assets$38,024$18,831$62,665$(60,846)$58,674
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Current liabilities$1,592$560$5,592$(2,572)$5,172
Long-term debt, less current portion14,9303,8748,879(9,312)18,371
Deferred income taxes3,161a—3,237—6,398
Environmental and asset retirement obligations, less current portion—3023,345—3,647
Other liabilities543,3721,910(3,475)1,861
Total liabilities19,7378,10822,963(15,359)35,449
Redeemable noncontrolling interest——751—751
Equity:
Stockholders' equity18,28710,72335,268(45,991)18,287
Noncontrolling interests——3,6835044,187
Total equity18,28710,72338,951(45,487)22,474
Total liabilities and equity$38,024$18,831$62,665$(60,846)$58,674
a.All U.S. related deferred income taxes are recorded at the parent company.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

Year Ended December 31, 2015
FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
Revenues$—$613$15,264$—$15,877
Total costs and expenses605,150a24,060a(11)29,259
Operating (loss) income(60)(4,537)(8,796)11(13,382)
Interest expense, net(489)(8)(300)152(645)
Other income (expense), net2251(81)(139)6
(Loss) income before income taxes and equity in affiliated companies' net (losses) earnings(324)(4,544)(9,177)24(14,021)
(Provision for) benefit from income taxes(3,227)1,7183,453(9)1,935
Equity in affiliated companies' net (losses) earnings(8,685)(9,976)(12,838)31,496(3)
Net (loss) income(12,236)(12,802)(18,562)31,511(12,089)
Net income and preferred dividends attributable to noncontrolling interests——(114)(33)(147)
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(12,236)$(12,802)$(18,676)$31,478$(12,236)
Other comprehensive income (loss)41—41(41)41
Total comprehensive (loss) income$(12,195)$(12,802)$(18,635)$31,437$(12,195)
a.Includes charges totaling $4.2 billion at the FM O&G LLC guarantor and $8.9 billion at the non-guarantor subsidiaries related to impairment of FCX's oil and gas properties pursuant to full cost accounting rules.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME

Year Ended December 31, 2014
FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
Revenues$—$2,356$19,082$—$21,438
Total costs and expenses593,498a17,762a2221,341
Operating (loss) income(59)(1,142)1,320(22)97
Interest expense, net(382)(139)(189)80(630)
Net (loss) gain on early extinguishment of debt(5)78——73
Other income (expense), net72341(80)36
(Loss) income before income taxes and equity in affiliated companies' net (losses) earnings(374)(1,200)1,172(22)(424)
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes73281(686)8(324)
Equity in affiliated companies' net (losses) earnings(1,007)(3,429)(4,633)9,0723
Net (loss) income(1,308)(4,348)(4,147)9,058(745)
Net income and preferred dividends attributable to noncontrolling interests——(519)(44)(563)
Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders$(1,308)$(4,348)$(4,666)$9,014$(1,308)
Other comprehensive (loss) income(139)—(139)139(139)
Total comprehensive (loss) income$(1,447)$(4,348)$(4,805)$9,153$(1,447)
a.Includes impairment charges totaling $1.9 billion at the FM O&G LLC Guarantor and $3.5 billion at the non-guarantor subsidiaries related to ceiling test impairment charges for FCX's oil and gas properties pursuant to full cost accounting rules and a goodwill impairment charge.
Year Ended December 31, 2013
FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
Revenues$—$1,177$19,744$—$20,921
Total costs and expenses1341,06514,371—15,570
Operating (loss) income(134)1125,373—5,351
Interest expense, net(319)(129)(129)59(518)
Net (loss) gain on early extinguishment of debt(45)—10—(35)
Gain on investment in MMR128———128
Other income (expense), net61—(15)(59)(13)
(Loss) income before income taxes and equity in affiliated companies' net earnings (losses)(309)(17)5,239—4,913
Benefit from (provision for) income taxes8117(1,573)—(1,475)
Equity in affiliated companies' net earnings (losses)2,886281268(3,432)3
Net income (loss)2,6582813,934(3,432)3,441
Net income and preferred dividends attributable to noncontrolling interests——(706)(77)(783)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$2,658$281$3,228$(3,509)$2,658
Other comprehensive income (loss)101—101(101)101
Total comprehensive income (loss)$2,759$281$3,329$(3,610)$2,759

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Year Ended December 31, 2015

FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net (loss) income$(12,236)$(12,802)$(18,562)$31,511$(12,089)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization53703,195(73)3,497
Impairment of oil and gas properties—4,2208,8626213,144
Copper and molybdenum inventory adjustments——338—338
Other asset impairments, inventory write-downs, restructuring and other—11245—256
Net gains on crude oil gas derivative contracts—(87)——(87)
Equity in losses (earnings) of consolidated subsidiaries8,6859,97612,838(31,496)3
Other, net(2,127)2(90)—(2,215)
Changes in working capital and other tax payments5,506(1,428)(3,714)9373
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(167)2623,112133,220
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures(7)(847)(5,486)(13)(6,353)
Intercompany loans(1,812)(1,310)—3,122—
Dividends from (investments in) consolidated subsidiaries852(71)130(913)(2)
Other, net(21)(2)11121109
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities(988)(2,230)(5,245)2,217(6,246)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt4,503—3,769—8,272
Repayments of debt(4,660)—(2,017)—(6,677)
Intercompany loans—2,0381,084(3,122)—
Net proceeds from sale of common stock1,936———1,936
Cash dividends and distributions paid(605)—(924)804(725)
Other, net(19)(71)(18)88(20)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,1551,9671,894(2,230)2,786
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents—(1)(239)—(240)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year—1463—464
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$—$—$224$—$224

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Year Ended December 31, 2014

FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net (loss) income$(1,308)$(4,348)$(4,147)$9,058$(745)
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization48063,077(24)3,863
Impairment of oil and gas properties and goodwill—1,9223,486465,454
Net gains on crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts—(504)——(504)
Equity in losses (earnings) of consolidated subsidiaries1,0073,4294,633(9,072)(3)
Other, net(882)(113)(807)—(1,802)
Changes in working capital and other tax payments, excluding amounts from dispositions723(1,750)395—(632)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(456)(558)6,63785,631
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures—(2,143)(5,072)—(7,215)
Acquisition of Deepwater GOM interests——(1,426)—(1,426)
Intercompany loans(1,328)704—624—
Dividends from (investments in) consolidated subsidiaries1,221(130)(2,408)1,317—
Net proceeds from sale of Candelaria and Ojos del Salado——1,709—1,709
Net proceeds from sale of Eagle Ford shale assets—2,910——2,910
Other, net—41180—221
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities(107)1,382(7,017)1,941(3,801)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt7,464—1,246—8,710
Repayments of debt(5,575)(3,994)(737)—(10,306)
Intercompany loans—810(186)(624)—
Cash dividends and distributions paid, and contributions received(1,305)2,364(1,463)(1,325)(1,729)
Other, net(21)(3)(2)—(26)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities563(823)(1,142)(1,949)(3,351)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents—1(1,522)—(1,521)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year——1,985—1,985
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$—$1$463$—$464

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATING STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

Year Ended December 31, 2013

FCXFM O&G LLCNon-guarantorConsolidated
IssuerGuarantorSubsidiariesEliminationsFCX
Cash flow from operating activities:
Net income (loss)$2,658$281$3,934$(3,432)$3,441
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:
Depreciation, depletion and amortization46162,177—2,797
Net losses on crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts—334——334
Gain on investment in MMR(128)———(128)
Equity in (earnings) losses of consolidated subsidiaries(2,886)(281)(265)3,432—
Other, net8(14)78—72
Changes in working capital and other tax payments, excluding amounts from acquisitions and dispositions272735(1,384)—(377)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities(72)1,6714,540—6,139
Cash flow from investing activities:
Capital expenditures—(894)(4,392)—(5,286)
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired(5,437)—(4)—(5,441)
Intercompany loans834—(162)(672)—
Dividends from (investments in) consolidated subsidiaries629——(629)—
Other, net1530(226)—(181)
Net cash used in investing activities(3,959)(864)(4,784)(1,301)(10,908)
Cash flow from financing activities:
Proceeds from debt11,260—241—11,501
Repayments of debt and redemption of MMR preferred stock(4,737)(416)(551)—(5,704)
Intercompany loans—(391)(281)672—
Cash dividends and distributions paid(2,281)—(885)629(2,537)
Other, net(211)———(211)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities4,031(807)(1,476)1,3013,049
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents——(1,720)—(1,720)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year——3,705—3,705
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$—$—$1,985$—$1,985

NOTE 18. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

As a result of the downgrade of the credit ratings of FCX debt below investment grade, FCX may be required to provide additional or alternative forms of financial assurance, such as letters of credit, surety bonds or collateral, related to its ARO and environmental obligations (refer to Note 12 for further discussion).

On February 15, 2016, FCX announced it had entered into a definitive agreement to sell a 13 percent undivided interest in its Morenci unincorporated joint venture to SMM for $1.0 billion in cash. The transaction is subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory approvals, and is expected to close in mid-2016. FCX expects to record an approximate $550 million gain on the transaction and use losses to offset cash taxes on the transaction. Proceeds from the transaction will be used to repay borrowings under FCX's Term Loan and revolving credit facility.

The Morenci unincorporated joint venture is currently owned 85 percent by FCX and 15 percent by Sumitomo. Following completion of the transaction, the unincorporated joint venture will be owned 72 percent by FCX, 15 percent by Sumitomo and 13 percent by an affiliate that is wholly owned by SMM.

On February 26, 2016, FCX reached an agreement to further amend its revolving credit facility and Term Loan. The amendments to FCX’s revolving credit facility and Term Loan include (i) modification of the maximum leverage ratio from 5.90x to 8.00x for the quarters ending March 31, 2016, and June 30, 2016, from 5.75x to 8.00x for the quarter ending September 30, 2016, and from 5.00x to 6.00x for the quarter ending December 31, 2016; and no changes to 2017 (remains 4.25x) or thereafter (reverts to 3.75x) and (ii) modification to the minimum interest expense coverage ratio (ratio of consolidated EBITDAX, as defined in the amended agreements, to consolidated cash interest expense) from 2.50x to 2.25x.

The commitment under FCX’s revolving credit facility has been reduced from $4.0 billion to $3.5 billion.

A springing collateral and guarantee trigger was also added to the revolving credit facility and Term Loan. Under this provision, if FCX has not entered into definitive agreements for asset sales totaling $3.0 billion in aggregate by June 30, 2016, that are reasonably expected to close by December 31, 2016, FCX will be required to secure the revolving credit facility and Term Loan with a mutually acceptable collateral and guarantee package. The springing collateral and guarantee trigger will also go into effect if such asset sales totaling $3.0 billion in aggregate have not occurred by December 31, 2016.

In addition, the mandatory prepayment provision was modified to provide that 100 percent (rather than the 50 percent under the December 2015 amendment) of the net proceeds received on or prior to December 31, 2016, in excess of the first $1.0 billion from asset sales, subject to certain exceptions, must be applied to repay the Term Loan if the lenders are unsecured and the leverage ratio (as defined in the amended agreement) is equal to or greater than 6.00x.

The Term Loan and revolving credit facility contain a number of negative covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, the ability of FCX’s subsidiaries that are not borrowers or guarantors to incur additional indebtedness (including guarantee obligations) and FCX’s ability or the ability of FCX’s subsidiaries to: create liens on assets; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; engage in mergers, liquidations and dissolutions; or sell assets. Many of the exceptions to the subsidiary indebtedness restrictions and the lien restrictions have been narrowed significantly through March 31, 2017. In addition, on or prior to March 31, 2017, FCX is not permitted to pay dividends on its common stock or make other restricted payments. The pricing under the amended Term Loan and revolving credit facility also changed. If the total leverage ratio is greater than 6.00x, then the existing interest rate will be increased by 0.50 percent, with an additional increase of 0.50 percent if the total leverage ratio is greater than 7.00x.

FCX evaluated events after December 31, 2015, and through the date the financial statements were issued, and determined any events or transactions occurring during this period that would require recognition or disclosure are appropriately addressed in these financial statements.

NOTE 19. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

First QuarterSecond QuarterThird QuarterFourth QuarterYear
2015
Revenuesa$4,153$4,248$3,681$3,795$15,877
Operating lossb,c,d(2,963)(2,374)(3,945)(4,100)(13,382)
Net loss(2,406)(1,799)(3,790)(4,094)(12,089)
Net (income) loss and preferred dividends
attributable to noncontrolling interests(68)(52)(40)13(147)
Net loss attributable to common stockholdersa,b,c,d(2,474)(1,851)e(3,830)(4,081)(12,236)e
Basic net loss per share attributable to
common stockholders(2.38)(1.78)(3.58)(3.47)(11.31)
Diluted net loss per share attributable to
common stockholdersa,b,c,d(2.38)(1.78)e(3.58)(3.47)(11.31)e
2014
Revenuesf$4,985$5,522$5,696$5,235$21,438
Operating income (loss)1,1111,1531,132g,h(3,299)g,h97g,h
Net income (loss)626660i,j704i,j(2,735)i,j(745)i,j
Net income and preferred dividends attributable to
noncontrolling interests116178152117563
Net income (loss) attributable to
common stockholdersf510482i,j552g,h,i,j(2,852)g,h,i,j(1,308)g,h,i,j
Basic net income (loss) per share attributable to
common stockholders0.490.460.53(2.75)(1.26)
Diluted net income (loss) per share attributable to
common stockholdersf0.490.46i,j0.53g,h,i,j(2.75)g,h,i,j(1.26)g,h,i,j
a.Includes charges of $48 million ($30 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.03 per share) in the first quarter, $95 million ($59 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.06 per share) in the second quarter, $74 million ($46 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.04 per share) in the third quarter, $102 million ($63 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.05 per share) in the fourth quarter and $319 million ($198 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.18 per share) for the year for net noncash mark-to-market losses on crude oil derivative contracts.
b.Includes charges of $3.1 billion ($2.4 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $2.31 per share) in the first quarter, $2.7 billion ($2.0 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $1.90 per share) in the second quarter, $3.7 billion ($3.5 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $3.25 per share) in the third quarter, $3.7 billion ($3.7 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $3.18 per share) in the fourth quarter and $13.1 billion ($11.6 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $10.72 per share) for the year to reduce the carrying value of oil and gas properties pursuant to full cost accounting rules. Additionally, after-tax impacts to net loss include net tax charges of $458 million ($0.44 per share) in the first quarter, $305 million ($0.29 per share) in the second quarter, $1.1 billion ($1.07 per share) in the third quarter, $1.4 billion ($1.21 per share) in the fourth quarter and $3.3 billion ($3.09 per share) for the year to establish a valuation allowance primarily against U.S. federal alternative minimum tax credits and foreign tax credits, partly offset by a tax benefit related to the impairment of the Morocco oil and gas properties in the third quarter.
c.Includes charges at oil and gas operations of $17 million ($10 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.01 per share) in the first quarter, $22 million ($14 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.01 per share) in the second quarter, $21 million ($13 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.01 per share) in the third quarter, $129 million ($81 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.07 per share) in the fourth quarter and $188 million ($117 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.11 per share) for the year for other asset impairments and inventory write-downs, idle/terminated rig costs and prior year non-income tax assessments related to the California properties.
d.Includes charges of $4 million ($3 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders) in the first quarter, $59 million ($38 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.04 per share) in the second quarter, $91 million ($58 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.05 per share) in the third quarter, $184 million ($118 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.10 per share) in the fourth quarter and $338 million ($217 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.20 per share) for the year associated with inventory adjustments to copper and molybdenum inventories. Additionally, includes charges at mining operations of $95 million ($58 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.05 per share) in the third quarter, $64 million ($38 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.03 per share) in the fourth quarter and $156 million ($94 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.09 per share) for the year associated with impairments, restructuring and other net charges.
e.Includes a gain of $92 million ($0.09 per share) in the second quarter and for the year associated with the net proceeds received from insurance carriers and other third parties related to the shareholder derivative litigation settlement.
f.Includes credits (charges) of $15 million ($9 million to net income attributable to common stockholders or $0.01 per share) in the first quarter, $(7) million ($(4) million to net income attributable to common stockholders) in the second quarter, $122 million ($76 million to net income attributable to common stockholders or $0.07 per share) in the third quarter, $497 million ($309 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.30 per share) in the fourth quarter and $627 million ($389 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.37 per share) for the year for net noncash mark-to-market gains (losses) on crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts.
g.Includes charges of $308 million ($192 million to net income attributable to common stockholders or $0.18 per share) in the third quarter, $3.4 billion ($2.1 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $2.05 per share) in the fourth quarter and $3.7 billion ($2.3 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $2.24 per share) for the year to reduce the carrying value of oil and gas properties pursuant to full cost accounting rules. Additionally, includes charges at the oil and gas operations in the fourth quarter and for the year of (i) $1.7 billion ($1.7 billion to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $1.65 per share) for the impairment of the full carrying value of goodwill and (ii) $46 million ($29 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.03 per share) for idle/terminated rig costs and inventory write-downs.
h.Includes net gains of $46 million ($31 million to net income attributable to common stockholders or $0.03 per share) in the third quarter, $671 million ($450 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.43 per share) in the fourth quarter and $717 million ($481 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.46 per share) for the year primarily from the sale of the Candelaria and Ojos del Salado copper mining operations in the fourth quarter (refer to Note 2 for further discussion) and the sale of a metals injection molding plant in the third quarter.
i.Includes tax charges of $57 million ($0.06 per share) in the second quarter, $5 million in the third quarter, $22 million ($0.02 per share) in the fourth quarter and $84 million ($0.08 per share) for the year associated with deferred taxes recorded in connection with the allocation of goodwill to the sale of the Eagle Ford shale assets. Additionally, includes net tax charges (benefit) of $54 million ($7 million attributable to noncontrolling interests and $47 million to net income attributable to common stockholders or $0.04 per share) in the third quarter, $(17) million ($11 million attributable to noncontrolling interests and $(28) million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $(0.03) per share) in the fourth quarter and $37 million ($18 million attributable to noncontrolling interests and $19 million to net loss attributable to common stockholders or $0.02 per share) for the year associated with changes in Chilean tax rules, U.S. federal income tax law and Peruvian tax rules, partially offset by a tax benefit related to changes in U.S. state income tax filing positions.
j.Includes net gains (losses) on early extinguishment of debt totaling $4 million in the second quarter, $17 million ($0.02 per share) in the third quarter, $(18) million ($(0.02) per share) in the fourth quarter and $3 million for the year. Refer to Note 8 for further discussion.

NOTE 20. SUPPLEMENTARY MINERAL RESERVE INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Recoverable proven and probable reserves have been calculated as of December 31, 2015, in accordance with Industry Guide 7 as required by the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. FCX’s proven and probable reserves may not be comparable to similar information regarding mineral reserves disclosed in accordance with the guidance in other countries. Proven and probable reserves were determined by the use of mapping, drilling, sampling, assaying and evaluation methods generally applied in the mining industry, as more fully discussed below. The term “reserve,” as used in the reserve data presented here, means that part of a mineral deposit that can be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time of the reserve determination. The term “proven reserves” means reserves for which (i) quantity is computed from dimensions revealed in outcrops, trenches, workings or drill holes; (ii) grade and/or quality are computed from the results of detailed sampling; and (iii) the sites for inspection, sampling and measurements are spaced so closely and the geologic character is sufficiently defined that size, shape, depth and mineral content of reserves are well established. The term “probable reserves” means reserves for which quantity and grade are computed from information similar to that used for proven reserves but the sites for sampling are farther apart or are otherwise less adequately spaced. The degree of assurance, although lower than that for proven reserves, is high enough to assume continuity between points of observation.

FCX’s reserve estimates are based on the latest available geological and geotechnical studies. FCX conducts ongoing studies of its ore bodies to optimize economic values and to manage risk. FCX revises its mine plans and estimates of proven and probable mineral reserves as required in accordance with the latest available studies.

Estimated recoverable proven and probable reserves at December 31, 2015, were determined using long-term average prices of $2.00 per pound for copper, $1,000 per ounce for gold and $10 per pound for molybdenum. For the three-year period ended December 31, 2015, LME spot copper prices averaged $2.97 per pound, London PM gold prices averaged $1,276 per ounce and the weekly average price for molybdenum quoted by Metals Week averaged $9.45 per pound.

The recoverable proven and probable reserves presented in the table below represent the estimated metal quantities from which FCX expects to be paid after application of estimated metallurgical recovery rates and smelter recovery rates, where applicable. Recoverable reserves are that part of a mineral deposit that FCX estimates can be economically and legally extracted or produced at the time of the reserve determination.

Recoverable Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves
Estimated at December 31, 2015
Coppera (billion pounds)Gold (million ounces)Molybdenum (billion pounds)
North America33.50.32.38
South America30.8—0.67
Indonesiab28.026.8—
Africa7.2——
Consolidatedc99.527.13.05
Net equity interestd79.324.62.73
a.Consolidated recoverable copper reserves included 3.8 billion pounds in leach stockpiles and 1.0 billion pounds in mill stockpiles.
b.Recoverable proven and probable reserves reflect estimates of minerals that can be recovered through the end of 2041 (refer to Note 13 for discussion of PT-FI's COW).
c.Consolidated reserves represent estimated metal quantities after reduction for joint venture partner interests at the Morenci mine in North America and the Grasberg minerals district in Indonesia (refer to Notes 3 and 18 for further discussion of FCX's joint ventures). Excluded from the table above were FCX’s estimated recoverable proven and probable reserves of 0.87 billion pounds of cobalt at Tenke and 271.2 million ounces of silver in Indonesia, South America and North America, which were determined using long-term average prices of $10 per pound for cobalt and $15 per ounce for silver.
d.Net equity interest reserves represent estimated consolidated metal quantities further reduced for noncontrolling interest ownership (refer to Note 3 for further discussion of FCX's ownership in subsidiaries). Excluded from the table above were FCX’s estimated recoverable proven and probable reserves of 0.49 billion pounds of cobalt at Tenke and 221.6 million ounces of silver in Indonesia, South America and North America.
Recoverable Proven and Probable Mineral Reserves
Estimated at December 31, 2015
Average Ore Grade Per Metric TonaRecoverable Proven and Probable Reservesb
Orea (million metric tons)Copper (%)Gold (grams)Molybdenum (%)Copper (billion pounds)Gold (million ounces)Molybdenum (billion pounds)
North America
Developed and producing:
Morenci3,5740.27——c14.1—0.17
Bagdad1,2530.33—c0.027.60.10.38
Safford840.43——0.8——
Sierrita2,3190.23—c0.0310.20.11.04
Miami————0.1——
Chino2370.450.02—c2.20.10.01
Tyrone130.42——0.3——
Henderson81——0.17——0.25
Climax178——0.15——0.55
Undeveloped:
Cobre790.35——0.3——
South America
Developed and producing:
Cerro Verde3,8560.37—0.0128.2—0.67
El Abra3990.44——2.6——
Indonesiad
Developed and producing:
Deep Mill Level Zone4600.890.74—7.98.7—
Grasberg open pit1291.081.29—2.74.5—
Deep Ore Zone1160.560.69—1.22.0—
Big Gossan542.260.99—2.51.1—
Undeveloped:
Grasberg Block Cave9621.030.78—18.415.6—
Kucing Liar3951.271.09—9.46.4—
Africa
Developed and producing:
Tenke Fungurume993.19——7.2——
Total 100% basis14,288115.738.63.07
Consolidatede99.527.13.05
FCX’s equity sharef79.324.62.73
a.Excludes material contained in stockpiles.
b.Includes estimated recoverable metals contained in stockpiles.
c.Amounts not shown because of rounding.
d.Recoverable proven and probable reserves reflect estimates of minerals that can be recovered through the end of 2041 (refer to Note 13 for discussion of PT-FI's COW).
e.Consolidated reserves represent estimated metal quantities after reduction for joint venture partner interests at the Morenci mine in North America and the Grasberg minerals district in Indonesia. Refer to Notes 3 and 18 for further discussion of FCX's joint ventures.
f.Net equity interest reserves represent estimated consolidated metal quantities further reduced for noncontrolling interest ownership. Refer to Note 3 for further discussion of FCX's ownership in subsidiaries.

NOTE 21. SUPPLEMENTARY OIL AND GAS INFORMATION (UNAUDITED)

Costs Incurred. A summary of the costs incurred for FCX's oil and gas acquisition, exploration and development activities for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013a
Property acquisition costs:
Proved properties$—$463$12,205b
Unproved properties611,46011,259c
Exploration costs1,2501,482502
Development costs1,4421,270854
$2,753$4,675$24,820
a.Includes the results of FM O&G beginning June 1, 2013.
b.Includes $12.2 billion from the acquisitions of PXP and MMR.
c.Includes $11.1 billion from the acquisitions of PXP and MMR.

These amounts included (decreases) increases in AROs of $(80) million in 2015, $(27) million in 2014 and $1.1 billion in 2013 (including $1.0 billion assumed in the acquisitions of PXP and MMR), capitalized general and administrative expenses of $124 million in 2015, $143 million in 2014 and $67 million in 2013, and capitalized interest of $58 million in 2015, $88 million in 2014 and $69 million in 2013.

Capitalized Costs. The aggregate capitalized costs subject to amortization for oil and gas properties and the aggregate related accumulated amortization as of December 31 follow:

201520142013
Properties subject to amortization$24,538$16,547$13,829
Accumulated amortization(22,276)a(7,360)a(1,357)
$2,262$9,187$12,472
a.Includes charges of $13.1 billion in 2015 and $3.7 billion in 2014 to reduce the carrying value of oil and gas properties pursuant to full cost accounting rules.

The average amortization rate per barrel of oil equivalents (BOE) was $33.46 in 2015, $39.74 in 2014 and $35.54 for the period from June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013.

Costs Not Subject to Amortization. A summary of the categories of costs comprising the amount of unproved properties not subject to amortization by the year in which such costs were incurred follows:

Years Ended December 31,
Total201520142013a
U.S.:
Onshore
Acquisition costs$389$6$—$383
Exploration costs871—
Capitalized interest22——
Offshore
Acquisition costs4,048571,3042,687
Exploration costs331201130—
Capitalized interest3725111
International:
Offshore
Acquisition costs7——7
Exploration costs725—
Capitalized interest211—
$4,831$301$1,452$3,078
a.Includes the results of FM O&G beginning June 1, 2013.

FCX expects that 40 percent of the costs not subject to amortization at December 31, 2015, will be transferred to the amortization base over the next five years and the majority of the remainder in the next seven to ten years.

Of the total U.S. net undeveloped acres, 24 percent is covered by leases that expire from 2016 to 2018. As a result of declining crude oil prices, FCX's current plans anticipate that the majority of the expiring acreage will not be retained by drilling operations or other means. Currently, FM O&G has a commitment to drill a second well in Morocco in 2016. However, FM O&G is actively negotiating with its partners to modify its work program, which, if successful, would result in changes in the timing, amount or type of future commitment. The exploration permits covering FM O&G's Morocco acreage expire at the end of 2016; however, FM O&G has the ability, under certain circumstances, to extend the exploration permits through 2019. Over 95 percent of the acreage in the Haynesville shale in Louisiana is currently held by production or held by operations.

Results of Operations for Oil and Gas Producing Activities. The results of operations from oil and gas producing activities for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the period from June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2014, presented below exclude non-oil and gas revenues, general and administrative expenses, goodwill impairment, interest expense and interest income. Income tax benefit (expense) was determined by applying the statutory rates to pre-tax operating results:

Years Ended December 31,June 1, 2013, to
20152014December 31, 2013
Revenues from oil and gas producing activities$1,994$4,710$2,616
Production and delivery costs(1,215)(1,237)(682)
Depreciation, depletion and amortization(1,772)(2,265)(1,358)
Impairment of oil and gas properties(13,144)(3,737)—
Income tax benefit (expense) (based on FCX's statutory tax rate)5,368958(219)
Results of operations from oil and gas producing activities$(8,769)$(1,571)$357

Proved Oil and Natural Gas Reserve Information. The following information summarizes the net proved reserves of oil (including condensate and natural gas liquids (NGLs)) and natural gas and the standardized measure as described below. All of FCX's oil and natural gas reserves are located in the U.S.

Management believes the reserve estimates presented herein are reasonable and prepared in accordance with guidelines established by the SEC as prescribed in Regulation S-X, Rule 4-10. However, there are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating quantities and values of proved reserves and in projecting future rates of production and the amount and timing of development expenditures, including many factors beyond FCX's control. Reserve engineering is a subjective process of estimating the recovery from underground accumulations of oil and natural gas that cannot be measured in an exact manner, and the accuracy of any reserve estimate is a function of the quality of available data and of engineering and geological interpretation and judgment. Because all oil and natural gas reserve estimates are to some degree subjective, the quantities of oil and natural gas that are ultimately recovered, production and operating costs, the amount and timing of future development expenditures, and future crude oil and natural gas sales prices may all differ from those assumed in these estimates. In addition, different reserve engineers may make different estimates of reserve quantities and cash flows based upon the same available data. Therefore, the standardized measure of discounted future net cash flows (Standardized Measure) shown below represents estimates only and should not be construed as the current market value of the estimated reserves attributable to FCX's oil and gas properties. In this regard, the information set forth in the following tables includes revisions of reserve estimates attributable to proved properties acquired from PXP and MMR, and reflect additional information from subsequent development activities, production history of the properties involved and any adjustments in the projected economic life of such properties resulting from changes in product prices.

Decreases in the prices of crude oil and natural gas could have an adverse effect on the carrying value of the proved reserves, reserve volumes and FCX's revenues, profitability and cash flows. FCX's reference prices for reserve determination are the WTI spot price for crude oil and the Henry Hub price for natural gas. As of February 2016, the twelve-month average of the first-day-of-the-month historical reference price for crude oil has decreased from $50.28 per barrel at December 31, 2015, to $47.54 per barrel, while the comparable price for natural gas has decreased from $2.59 per MMBtu at December 31, 2015, to $2.50 per MMBtu.

The market price for California crude oil differs from the established market indices in the U.S. primarily because of the higher transportation and refining costs associated with heavy oil, which can vary based on global supply and demand, refinery utilization and inventory levels. Approximately 33 percent of FCX's oil and natural gas reserve volumes are attributable to properties in California where differentials to the reference prices have been volatile as a result of these factors.

The market price for GOM crude oil differs from WTI as a result of a large portion of FCX's production being sold under a Heavy Louisiana Sweet based pricing. Approximately 59 percent of FCX's December 31, 2015, oil and natural gas reserve volumes are attributable to properties in the GOM where oil price realizations are generally higher because of these marketing contracts.

Estimated Quantities of Oil and Natural Gas Reserves. The following table sets forth certain data pertaining to proved, proved developed and proved undeveloped reserves, all of which are in the U.S., for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, and the period from June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013.

OilGasTotal
(MMBbls)a,b(Bcf)a(MMBOE)a
2015
Proved reserves:
Balance at beginning of year288610390
Extensions and discoveries114317
Acquisitions of reserves in-place———
Revisions of previous estimates(54)(287)(102)
Sale of reserves in-place—(2)—
Production(38)(90)(53)
Balance at end of year207274252
Proved developed reserves at December 31, 2015129245169
Proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2015782983
2014
Proved reserves:
Balance at beginning of year370562464
Extensions and discoveries103516
Acquisitions of reserves in-place14916
Revisions of previous estimates(10)14013
Sale of reserves in-place(53)(54)(62)
Production(43)(82)(57)
Balance at end of year288610390
Proved developed reserves at December 31, 2014184369246
Proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2014104241144
2013
Proved reserves:
Balance at beginning of year———
Acquisitions of PXP and MMR368626472
Extensions and discoveries202024
Revisions of previous estimates11(26)7
Sale of reserves in-place—(3)(1)
Production(29)(55)(38)
Balance at end of year370562464
Proved developed reserves at December 31, 2013236423307
Proved undeveloped reserves at December 31, 2013134139157
a.MMBbls = million barrels; Bcf = billion cubic feet; MMBOE = million BOE
b.Includes 9 MMBbls of NGL proved reserves (6 MMBbls of developed and 3 MMBbls of undeveloped) at December 31, 2015, 10 MMBbls of NGL proved reserves (7 MMBbls of developed and 3 MMBbls of undeveloped) at December 31, 2014, and 20 MMBbls of NGL proved reserves (14 MMBbls of developed and 6 MMBbls of undeveloped) at December 31, 2013.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, FCX had a total of 17 MMBOE of extensions and discoveries, including 14 MMBOE in the Deepwater GOM, primarily associated with the continued successful development of Horn Mountain and 3 MMBOE in the Haynesville shale resulting from continued successful drilling that extended and developed FCX's proved acreage. For the year ended December 31, 2014, FCX had a total of 16 MMBOE of extensions and discoveries, including 8 MMBOE in the Deepwater GOM, primarily associated with the continued successful development at Horn Mountain and 5 MMBOE in the Haynesville shale resulting from continued successful drilling that extended and developed FCX's proved acreage. From June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013, FCX had a total of 24 MMBOE of extensions and discoveries, including 16 MMBOE in the Eagle Ford shale resulting from continued successful drilling that extended and developed FCX's proved acreage and 5 MMBOE in the Deepwater GOM, primarily associated with the previously drilled Holstein Deep development acquired during 2013.

For the year ended December 31, 2015, FCX had net negative revisions of 102 MMBOE primarily related to lower oil and gas price realizations. For the year ended December 31, 2014, FCX had net positive revisions of 13 MMBOE primarily related to improved gas price realizations in both the Haynesville shale and Madden field, as well as continued improved performance in the Eagle Ford shale prior to the disposition, partially offset by the downward revisions of certain proved undeveloped reserves resulting from deferred development plans, as well as lower oil price realizations and higher steam-related operating expenses resulting from higher natural gas prices at certain onshore California properties. From June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013, FCX had net positive revisions of 7 MMBOE primarily related to improved performance at certain onshore California and Deepwater GOM properties, partially offset by performance reductions primarily related to certain other Deepwater GOM properties and the Haynesville shale.

Excluding the impact of crude oil derivative contracts, the average realized sales prices used in FCX's reserve reports as of December 31, 2015, were $47.80 per barrel of crude oil and $2.55 per one thousand cubic feet (Mcf) of natural gas. As of December 31, 2014, the average realized sales prices used in FCX's reserve report were $93.20 per barrel of crude oil and $4.35 per Mcf.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, FCX acquired reserves in-place totaling 16 MMBOE from the acquisition of interests in the Deepwater GOM, including interests in the Lucius and Heidelberg oil fields.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, FCX sold reserves in-place totaling 62 MMBOE primarily related to its Eagle Ford shale assets. From June 1, 2013, to December 31, 2013, FCX sold reserves in-place totaling 1 MMBOE related to its Panhandle properties.

Standardized Measure. The Standardized Measure (discounted at 10 percent) from production of proved oil and natural gas reserves has been developed as of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, in accordance with SEC guidelines. FCX estimated the quantity of proved oil and natural gas reserves and the future periods in which they are expected to be produced based on year-end economic conditions. Estimates of future net revenues from FCX's proved oil and gas properties and the present value thereof were made using the twelve-month average of the first-day-of-the-month historical reference prices as adjusted for location and quality differentials, which are held constant throughout the life of the oil and gas properties, except where such guidelines permit alternate treatment, including the use of fixed and determinable contractual price escalations (excluding the impact of crude oil derivative contracts). Future gross revenues were reduced by estimated future operating costs (including production and ad valorem taxes) and future development and abandonment costs, all of which were based on current costs in effect at December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, and held constant throughout the life of the oil and gas properties. Future income taxes were calculated by applying the statutory federal and state income tax rate to pre-tax future net cash flows, net of the tax basis of the respective oil and gas properties and utilization of FCX's available tax carryforwards related to its oil and gas operations.

The Standardized Measure related to proved oil and natural gas reserves as of December 31 follows:

201520142013
Future cash inflows$10,536$29,504$38,901
Future production expense(4,768)(10,991)(12,774)
Future development costsa(4,130)(6,448)(6,480)
Future income tax expense—(2,487)(4,935)
Future net cash flows1,6389,57814,712
Discounted at 10% per year(246)(3,157)(5,295)
Standardized Measure$1,392$6,421$9,417
a.Includes estimated asset retirement costs of $1.9 billion at December 31, 2015, and $1.8 billion at December 31, 2014 and 2013.

A summary of the principal sources of changes in the Standardized Measure for the years ended December 31 follows:

201520142013a
Balance at beginning of year$6,421$9,417$—
Changes during the year:
Reserves acquired in the acquisitions of PXP and MMR——14,467
Sales, net of production expenses(928)(3,062)(2,296)
Net changes in sales and transfer prices, net of production expenses(7,766)(2,875)(459)
Extensions, discoveries and improved recoveries45194752
Changes in estimated future development costs1,287(498)(1,190)
Previously estimated development costs incurred during the year985982578
Sales of reserves in-place—(1,323)(12)
Other purchases of reserves in-place—487—
Revisions of quantity estimates(1,170)399102
Accretion of discount7971,195701
Net change in income taxes1,7211,505(3,226)
Total changes(5,029)(2,996)9,417
Balance at end of year$1,392$6,421$9,417
a.Includes the results of FM O&G beginning June 1, 2013.

Previous: Item 6. Selected Financial Data. · Next: Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.