Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
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The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing in “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” of this report.
Overview
We are an equity real estate investment trust specializing in the ownership, management, development and redevelopment of high quality retail and mixed-use properties. As of December 31, 2006, we owned or had a majority interest in 111 community and neighborhood shopping centers and mixed-use properties comprising approximately 18.8 million square feet. Our properties are located primarily in densely populated and affluent communities in strategic metropolitan markets in the Mid-Atlantic and Northeast regions of the United States, as well as in California. In total, these 111 commercial properties were 96.5% leased at December 31, 2006. A joint venture in which we own a 30% interest owned four neighborhood shopping centers totaling approximately 0.7 million square feet as of December 31, 2006. In total, the joint venture properties in which we own an interest were 98.7% leased at December 31, 2006. We have paid quarterly dividends to our shareholders continuously since our founding in 1962 and have increased our dividends per common share for 39 consecutive years.
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Critical Accounting Policies
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which we refer to as GAAP, requires management to make estimates and assumptions that in certain circumstances affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and revenues and expenses. These estimates are prepared using management’s best judgment, after considering past and current events and economic conditions. In addition, information relied upon by management in preparing such estimates includes internally generated financial and operating information, external market information, when available, and when necessary, information obtained from consultations with third party experts. Actual results could differ from these estimates. A discussion of possible risks which may affect these estimates is included in “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this report. Management considers an accounting estimate to be critical if changes in the estimate or accrual results could have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations or financial condition.
The most significant accounting policies, which involve the use of estimates and assumptions as to future uncertainties and, therefore, may result in actual amounts that differ from estimates, are as follows:
Revenue Recognition and Accounts Receivable
Leases with tenants are classified as operating leases. Substantially all such leases contain fixed escalations which occur at specified times during the term of the lease. Base rents are recognized on a straight-line basis from when the tenant controls the space through the term of the related lease, net of valuation adjustments, based on management’s assessment of credit, collection and other business risk. We make estimates of the collectibility of our accounts receivable related to base rents, straight-line rents, expense reimbursements and other revenue or income taking into account our expertise in the retail sector, tenant credit information both internally and externally available, payment history, industry trends, tenant credit-worthiness and the length of remaining lease terms over which certain of these amounts will be collected. In some cases, primarily relating to straight-line rents, the collection of these amounts extends beyond one year. Our experience relative to unbilled straight-line rents is that a certain portion of the amounts otherwise recognizable as revenue is never billed to or collected from tenants due to early lease terminations, lease modifications, bankruptcies and other factors. Accordingly, the extended collection period for straight-line rents along with our evaluation of tenant credit risk may result in the nonrecognition of a portion of straight-line rental income until the collection of such income is reasonably assured. These estimates have a direct impact on our net income. Historically, we have recognized bad debt expense between 0.5% and 1.0% of rental income and it was 0.2% in 2006. An increase in our bad debt expense would decrease our net income. For example, if we had experienced an increase in bad debt of 0.5% of rental income in 2006, our net income would have been reduced by approximately $2.2 million.
Real Estate
The nature of our business as an owner, redeveloper and operator of retail shopping centers and mixed-use properties means that we invest significant amounts of capital. Depreciation and maintenance costs relating to our properties constitute substantial costs for us as well as the industry as a whole. We capitalize real estate investments and depreciate them in accordance with GAAP and consistent with industry standards based on our best estimates of the assets’ physical and economic useful lives. The cost of our real estate investments, less salvage value, if any, is charged to depreciation expense over the estimated life of the asset using straight-line rates for financial statement purposes. We periodically review the estimated lives of our assets and implement changes, as necessary, to these estimates and, therefore, to our depreciation rates. These reviews take into account the historical retirement and replacement of our assets, the repairs required to maintain the condition of our assets, the cost of redevelopments that may extend the useful lives of our assets and general economic and real estate factors. A newly developed neighborhood shopping center building would typically have an economic useful life of 50 to 60 years, but since many of our assets are not newly developed buildings, estimating the useful lives of assets that are long-lived as well as their salvage value requires significant management judgment. The longer the economic useful life, the lower the depreciation charged to that asset in a fiscal period will be,
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which in turn will increase our net income. Similarly, having a shorter economic useful life would increase the depreciation for a fiscal period and decrease our net income.
Land, buildings and real estate under development are recorded at cost. We compute depreciation using the straight-line method with useful lives ranging generally from 35 years to a maximum of 50 years on buildings and improvements. Maintenance and repair costs are charged to operations as incurred. Tenant work and other major improvements, which improve or extend the life of the asset, are capitalized and depreciated over the life of the lease or the estimated useful life of the improvements, whichever is shorter. Minor improvements, furniture and equipment are capitalized and depreciated over useful lives ranging from three to 15 years. Certain external and internal costs directly related to the development, redevelopment and leasing of real estate, including applicable salaries and the related direct costs, are capitalized. The capitalized costs associated with developments and redevelopments are depreciated over the life of the improvement. Capitalized costs associated with leases are depreciated or amortized over the base term of the lease. Unamortized leasing costs are charged to operating expense if the applicable tenant vacates before the expiration of its lease. Undepreciated tenant work is charged to operations if the applicable tenant vacates and the tenant work is replaced.
When applicable, as lessee, we classify our leases of land and building as operating or capital leases in accordance with the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 13, “Accounting for Leases.” We are required to use judgment and make estimates in determining the lease term, the estimated economic life of the property and the interest rate to be used in applying the provisions of SFAS No. 13. These estimates determine whether or not the lease meets the qualification of a capital lease and is recorded as an asset.
We are required to make subjective assessments as to the useful lives of our real estate for purposes of determining the amount of depreciation to reflect on an annual basis. These assessments have a direct impact on net income. Certain events could occur that would materially affect our estimates and assumptions related to depreciation. Unforeseen competition or changes in customer shopping habits could substantially alter our assumptions regarding our ability to realize the return on investment in the property and therefore reduce the economic life of the asset and affect the amount of depreciation expense to charge against both the current and future revenues. We periodically review the lives of assets and any decrease in asset lives could have the effect of increasing depreciation expense while any analysis indicating that lives are longer than we have assumed could have the effect of decreasing depreciation expense. In order to determine the impact on depreciation expense of a different average life of our real estate assets taken as a whole, we used 25 years, which is the approximate average life of all assets being depreciated at the end of 2006. If the estimated useful lives of all real estate assets being depreciated were increased by one year, the consolidated annual depreciation expense would have decreased by approximately $3.7 million.
Interest costs on developments and major redevelopments are capitalized as part of developments and redevelopments not yet placed in service. Capitalization of interest commences when development activities and expenditures begin and end upon completion, which is when the asset is ready for its intended use. Generally, rental property is considered substantially complete and ready for its intended use upon completion of tenant improvements, but no later than one year from completion of major construction activity. We make judgments as to the time period over which to capitalize such costs and these assumptions have a direct impact on net income because capitalized costs are not subtracted in calculating net income. If the time period for capitalizing interest is extended, more interest is capitalized, thereby decreasing interest expense and increasing net income during that period.
Real Estate Acquisitions
Upon acquisition of operating real estate properties, we estimate the fair value of acquired tangible assets (consisting of land, building and improvements), identified intangible assets and liabilities (consisting of above- and below-market leases, in-place leases and tenant relationships), and assumed debt in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations. Based on these estimates, we
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allocate the purchase price to the applicable assets and liabilities. We utilize methods similar to those used by independent appraisers in estimating the fair value of acquired assets and liabilities. We evaluate the useful life of each amortizable intangible asset each reporting period and account for any changes in such estimated useful life over the revised remaining useful life.
Long-Lived Assets
There are estimates and assumptions made by management in preparing the consolidated financial statements for which the actual results will be determined over long periods of time. This includes the recoverability of long-lived assets, including our properties that have been acquired or developed. Management must evaluate properties for possible impairment of value and, for those properties where impairment may be indicated, make estimates of future cash flows including revenues, operating expenses, required maintenance and development expenditures, market conditions, demand for space by tenants and rental rates over very long periods. Because our properties typically have a very long life, the assumptions used to estimate the future recoverability of book value requires significant management judgment.
SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” requires that one accounting model be used for long-lived assets to be disposed of by sale, whether previously held and used or newly-acquired, and broadens the presentation of discontinued operations to include components of an entity comprising operations and cash flows that can be distinguished operationally and for financial reporting purposes from the rest of the entity. As a result, the sale of a property, or the classification of a property as held for sale, requires us to report the results of operations and cash flows of that property as “discontinued operations.”
We are required to make estimates of undiscounted cash flows in determining whether there is an impairment of an asset. Actual results could be significantly different from the estimates. These estimates have a direct impact on net income, because recording an impairment charge results in a negative adjustment to net income.
Contingencies
We are sometimes involved in lawsuits and environmental matters arising in the ordinary course of business. Management makes assumptions and estimates concerning the likelihood and amount of any potential loss relating to these matters.
Any difference between our estimate of a potential loss and the actual outcome would result in a reduction to net income if the actual loss is greater than our estimate. In addition, we reserve for estimated losses, if any, associated with warranties given to a buyer at the time an asset is sold or other potential liabilities relating to that sale, taking any insurance policies into account. These warranties may extend up to ten years and the calculation of potential liability requires significant judgment. Any increases to our estimated warranty losses would usually result in a decrease in net income.
Self-Insurance
We are self-insured for general liability costs up to predetermined retained amounts per claim, and we believe that we maintain adequate accruals to cover our retained liability. We currently do not maintain third party stop-loss insurance policies to cover liability costs in excess of predetermined retained amounts. Our accrual for self-insurance liability is determined by management and is based on claims filed and an estimate of claims incurred but not yet reported. Management considers a number of factors, including third-party actuary valuations and future increases in costs of claims, when making these determinations. If our liability costs exceed these accruals, it will reduce our net income.
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Cumulative Effect of Change in Accounting Principle
Prior to January 1, 2006, we accounted for stock based compensation under the recognition and measurement provisions of Accounting Principle Board Opinion (“APB”) No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations, as permitted by Financial Accounting Standard (“SFAS”) No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation.” Under APB No. 25, no stock based compensation costs were recognized in the Statement of Operations for stock options as our options granted had an exercise price equal to the market value of our common shares on the date of grant. Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment,” using the modified-prospective-transition method. Under this transition method, compensation cost recognized beginning January 1, 2006 includes: (a) compensation costs for all share-based payments granted prior to, but not vested as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the original provisions of SFAS No. 123, and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R). Prior to January 1, 2006, we used the Black-Scholes model to value stock options and we intend to continue to use this model to value stock options issued subsequent to January 1, 2006.
On January 1, 2006, we recorded the cumulative effect of adopting SFAS No. 123(R). This cumulative effect resulted in decreasing accrued liabilities by $3.3 million and increasing shareholder equity by $3.3 million. These balance sheet changes related to deferred compensation on unvested shares. Under SFAS No. 123(R), deferred compensation is no longer recorded at the time unvested shares are issued. Share-based compensation expense is now recorded over the requisite service period with an offsetting credit to equity (generally additional paid-in capital).
New Accounting Pronouncements
In July 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued FASB Interpretation No. 48 (“FIN 48”), “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes”—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” FIN 48 was issued to reduce the diversity in practice associated with certain aspects of recognition, disclosure and measurement related to accounting for uncertain income tax positions. We are required to adopt FIN 48 effective January 1, 2007. We do not believe the adoption of FIN 48 will have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
In September 2006, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 108 (“SAB 108”), “Considering the Effects of Prior Year Misstatements in Current Year Financial Statements.” SAB 108 was issued to provide consistency between how registrants quantify financial statements misstatements. Historically, there have been two widely-used methods for quantifying the effects of financial statement misstatements. These methods are commonly referred to as the “roll-over” method and the “iron curtain” method. The roll-over method quantifies the amount by which the current income statement is misstated. The iron curtain method quantifies the error as the cumulative amount by which the current year balance sheet is misstated.
SAB 108 establishes an approach that requires quantification of financial statement misstatements based on the effects of the misstatement on each the income statement, balance sheet and the related disclosures. This approach is commonly referred to as the “dual approach.” We adopted SAB 108 during the fourth quarter of 2006 in connection with the preparation of our annual financial statements for the year ending December 31, 2006. The adoption of SAB 108 did not impact our financial positions, results of operations or cash flows.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157 “Fair Value Measurements.” SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 applies to accounting pronouncements that require or permit fair value measurements, except for share-based payments under SFAS No. 123R. We are required to adopt SFAS No. 157 effective January 1, 2008. We do not believe the adoption of SFAS No. 157 will have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
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Property Acquisitions and Dispositions
A summary of our significant acquisitions in 2006 and 2005 is as follows:
| Date | Property | City, State | Gross Leasable Area | Purchase Price | ||||||
| (In square feet) | (In millions) | |||||||||
| Year ended December 31, 2006 | ||||||||||
| January 20 | 4900 Hampden Lane | Bethesda, MD | 35,000 | $ | 12.0 | |||||
| January 27 | 7770 Richmond Hwy | Alexandria, VA | 60,000 | $ | 9.9 | |||||
| June 29 | Town Center of New Britain | New Britain, PA | 126,000 | $ | 12.8 | |||||
| August 24 | Key Road Plaza | Keene, NH | 76,000 | $ | 14.5 | |||||
| August 24 | Riverside Plaza | Keene, NH | 218,000 | $ | 24.0 | |||||
| August 24 | Bath Shopping Center | Bath, ME | 101,000 | $ | 22.8 | (1) | ||||
| August 24 | Linden Square | Wellesley, MA | 261,000 | $ | 99.6 | |||||
| August 24 | North Dartmouth | North Dartmouth, MA | 183,000 | $ | 27.5 | |||||
| August 25 | Chelsea Commons | Chelsea, MA | 180,000 | $ | 20.1 | (2) | ||||
| Various after September 13 | Rockville Town Square | Rockville, MD | 152,000 | $ | 5.9 | (4) | ||||
| October 16 | Melville Mall | Huntington, NY | 248,000 | $ | 60.0 | (3) | ||||
| Total | 1,640,000 | $ | 309.1 | |||||||
| Year ended December 31, 2005 | ||||||||||
| March 1 | Assembly Sq./Sturtevant St. | Somerville, MA | 551,000 | $ | 66.4 | |||||
| December 29 | Crow Canyon Commons | San Ramon, CA | 228,000 | $ | 47.5 | (5) | ||||
| Total | 779,000 | $ | 113.9 | |||||||
| (1) | Purchase price includes the assumption of debt with a fair value of approximately $11.1 million. |
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| (2) | Purchase price includes the assumption of debt with a fair value of approximately $8.0 million. |
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| (3) | The Trust controls and consolidates Melville Mall at its approximate fair value of $60.0 million. We gained control of Melville Mall through a 20-year master lease and $34.1 million secondary financing to the owner. The master lease includes a purchase option in 2021 for $5.0 million plus the assumption of the owner’s $25.8 million first mortgage. |
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| (4) | We intend to acquire an additional 32,000 square feet of gross leasable area. No square footage has been placed in service. The Grand Opening is scheduled for May 2007. |
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| (5) | Purchase price includes $22.3 million for an assumed mortgage. |
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Generally, our acquisitions are initially financed by available cash and borrowings under our revolving credit facility which may be repaid later with funds raised through the issuance of new equity or new long-term debt. On occasion we assume mortgages in the connection with certain acquisitions as noted in the acquisitions table above.
The Linden Square acquisition is currently undergoing redevelopment. After the initial phases of the redevelopment are completed the project will include approximately 222,000 square feet of retail, 17,000 square feet of office, seven affordable residential units, and a car dealership. The initial phases of redevelopment are expected to be complete in 2008.
The Assembly Square/Sturtevant Street acquisition includes an approximately 332,000 square foot enclosed mall in the City of Somerville, Massachusetts, for which the redevelopment into a power center was completed in 2006, and an adjacent ten-acre 220,000 square foot retail/industrial complex. As of December 31, 2006, we have invested a total of $112 million in the property.
The acquisition of Assembly Square also included zoning entitlements to add four mixed-use buildings on 3.5 acres, which could include approximately 41,000 square feet of retail space, 51,000 square feet of office space
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and 239 residential units. The acquisition also included an option to purchase adjacent land parcels, all of which are zoned for dense, mixed-use development. We expect to structure any future development of Assembly Square in a manner designed to mitigate our risk which may include selling entitlements or co-developing with other real estate companies.
On October 16, 2006, we acquired the leasehold interest in Melville Mall, an approximately 248,000 square feet shopping center located in Huntington, New York, under a 20-year master lease. Additionally, we loaned the owner of Melville Mall $34.1 million secured by a second mortgage on the property. We have an option to purchase the shopping center on or after October 16, 2021 for a price of $5.0 million plus the assumption of the first mortgage and repayment of our second mortgage. As a result of these transactions, we control this property and retain substantially all of the economic benefits and risks associated with it. Accordingly, upon acquiring the leasehold interest, we consolidated this property and its operations.
The following table provides a summary of significant acquisitions made by our unconsolidated real estate partnership in 2006 and 2005:
| Date | Property | City, State | Gross Leasable Area | Purchase Price | |||||
| (In square feet) | (In millions) | ||||||||
| June 5, 2006 | Greenlawn Plaza(1) | Huntington, NY | 102,000 | $ | 20.4 | ||||
| June 8, 2006 | Barcroft Plaza | Falls Church, VA | 90,000 | $ | 25.1 | ||||
| Total | 192,000 | $ | 45.5 | ||||||
| (1) | This property was acquired from the Trust. |
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A summary of our significant dispositions in 2006 and 2005 is as follows:
| Sales Date | Property | Location | Year Acquired or Built | Gross Leasable Area | Sales Price | Gain | |||||||||
| (In square feet) | (In millions) | ||||||||||||||
| Year ended December 31, 2006 | |||||||||||||||
| January-August | Santana Row Condominiums (89 units)(1) | San Jose, CA | 2002 | N/A | $ | 64.1 | $ | 16.5 | (2) | ||||||
| June 5 | Greenlawn Plaza | Huntington, NY | 2000 | 102,000 | $ | 20.4 | $ | 7.4 | (3) | ||||||
| Total | 102,000 | $ | 84.5 | $ | 23.9 | ||||||||||
| Year ended December 31, 2005 | |||||||||||||||
| February 15 | 420 & 501 South Mill | Tempe, AZ | 1998 | 40,000 | $ | 13.7 | $ | 4.0 | |||||||
| June 2 | Cone & Andary Buildings | Winter Park, FL | 1996 | 28,000 | $ | 11.1 | $ | 3.5 | |||||||
| July 12 | Shaw’s Plaza | Carver, MA | 2004 | 75,000 | $ | 4.0 | — | ||||||||
| Various after August 26 | Santana Row Condominiums (130 units) | San Jose, CA | 2002 | N/A | $ | 89.2 | $ | 23.5 | (4) | ||||||
| Total | 143,000 | $ | 118.0 | $ | 31.0 | ||||||||||
| (1) | As of August 25, 2006, we had sold all of the 219 condominium units we currently intend to sell at Santana Row. |
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| (2) | Gain of $16.5 million is net of $2.4 million in taxes. |
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| (3) | This property was contributed to our real estate partnership in which we own a 30% interest. Accordingly, we recognized a partial gain of $7.4 million on this sale related to the 70% equity interest contributed. |
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| (4) | Gain of $23.5 million is net of $3.4 million in taxes. |
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The proceeds from our dispositions were used to pay down our revolving credit facility and for general corporate purposes.
2006 Significant Debt, Equity and Other Transactions
On March 10, 2006, we repaid our 6.99% medium term notes with a principal amount of $40.5 million. These notes were repaid with funds borrowed on our revolving credit facility.
On July 17, 2006 we issued $120.0 million of fixed rate notes, which mature on July 15, 2012 and bear interest at 6.0%, and $130.0 million of fixed rate notes, which mature on January 15, 2017 and bear interest at 6.2%. Our net proceeds from these note offerings after issuance discounts and underwriting fees were $247.9 million. These proceeds, along with $2.4 million borrowed on our revolving credit facility, were used to repay all the principal of our $150.0 million five-year term loan due October 2008 and $100.0 million three-year term loan due October 2006 and $0.3 million of related accrued interest on July 17, 2006.
In order to hedge our exposure to interest rate fluctuations on the $150.0 million five-year term loan due October 2008, we entered into an interest rate swap in January 2004, which fixed the LIBOR portion of the interest rate on this term loan at 2.401% through October 8, 2006. The full notional amount of this swap qualified as a cash flow hedge until we repaid this term loan on July 17, 2006. On July 17, 2006, we did not redesignate this swap and the related $1.2 million included in accumulated other comprehensive income was recognized into earnings.
On July 28, 2006, we replaced our existing revolving credit facility with a new $300.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility. The new revolving credit facility matures on July 27, 2010, subject to a one-year extension at our option, and initially bears interest at LIBOR plus 42.5 basis points. The spread over LIBOR is subject to adjustment based on our credit rating.
On August 4, 2006, we amended the $17.7 million second mortgage note receivable which is secured by a hotel in San Jose, California. The amended note decreased the interest rate from 14% to 9% per annum, requires monthly payments of principal and interest based on a 15-year amortization schedule and matures on August 20, 2016.
In connection with the acquisitions of Bath Shopping Center and Chelsea Commons on August 24, 2006 and August 25, 2006, we assumed two mortgage notes, one in connection with each property, with fair values of approximately $11.1 million and $8.0 million, respectively. The Bath Shopping Center and Chelsea Commons mortgages mature on July 1, 2028 and January 15, 2031, respectively, and bear interest at 7.13% and 5.36%, respectively. Both notes require monthly payments of principal and interest.
On August 24, 2006, we entered into a $150 million unsecured credit agreement (the “Bridge Loan”) bearing interest at LIBOR plus 42.5 basis points and maturing on December 29, 2006. The Bridge Loan was used to provide interim financing for the acquisition of properties and was fully repaid on September 19, 2006, using the proceeds from the issuance of common stock.
On September 19, 2006, we issued 2.0 million common shares at $74.51 per share (after deducting underwriting discounts and fees) netting approximately $149.2 million in cash proceeds before other expenses of the offering. The proceeds were used on an interim basis to repay debt from the acquisition of three properties in New England and for general corporate purposes. Ultimately, the proceeds were used to redeem the Series B preferred shares on November 27, 2006.
On September 28, 2006, we reopened the 6.0% and 6.2% fixed rate notes that were initially issued on July 17, 2006. We issued an additional $55.0 million of fixed rate notes, which mature on July 15, 2012 and bear interest at 6.0%, and an additional $70.0 million of fixed rate notes, which mature on January 15, 2017, and bear
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interest at 6.2%. The additional note issuances are fully fungible, rank equally with and form a single issue and series with the initial notes issued on July 17, 2006. Our net proceeds from the September 2006 note offerings after issuance premiums, underwriting fees and accrued interest were $130.1 million. These proceeds were used to reduce the borrowings under our unsecured credit facility and for general corporate purposes.
On October 16, 2006, we acquired the leasehold interest in Melville Mall. The fee interest in the property was encumbered by an existing mortgage note with a fair value of approximately $25.2 million. This mortgage note bears interest at 5.25% per annum, requires monthly payments of interest and principal based on a 25-year amortization schedule and matures on September 1, 2014. We are required to make the payment on this mortgage as part of our rent payment under our lease. Because we control this property and retain substantially all of the economic benefits and risks associated with it, we consolidate this property, its operations and this mortgage note.
On November 27, 2006, we redeemed all 5,400,000 outstanding shares of our 8.5% Series B Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares, no par value. The Series B Preferred Shares were redeemed at their redemption price of $25.00 per share, plus accrued and unpaid dividends through the redemption date of approximately $0.16 per share, for an aggregate redemption price of approximately $25.16 per share or $135.9 million in total. Dividends on the Series B Preferred Shares ceased to accrue on November 27, 2006. The redemption also resulted in a deemed dividend of $4.8 million for the difference between the redemption amount and carrying cost.
On December 1, 2006, we issued $135.0 million of fixed rate notes, which mature on December 1, 2013 and bear interest at 5.4%. Our net proceeds from these note offerings after underwriting fees were $134.2 million. The proceeds were used for general corporate purposes, including repaying amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility.
Outlook
General
We anticipate our 2007 income from continuing operations to grow in comparison to our 2006 income from continuing operations. We expect this income growth primarily to be generated by a combination of the following:
| • | increased earnings in our same center portfolio and from properties under redevelopment; and |
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| • | increased earnings as we expand our portfolio through property acquisitions. |
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On November 6, 2006, we announced a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.575 per share on our common shares, resulting in an indicated annual rate of $2.30 per share. The regular common dividend was payable on January 16, 2007, to common shareholders of record as of January 2, 2007.
We continue to see a positive impact on our income as a result of the redevelopment of our shopping centers and higher rental rates on existing spaces as leases on these spaces expire. We anticipate investments in redevelopment projects of approximately $109 million and $97 million to stabilize in 2007 and 2008, respectively. As redevelopment properties are completed, spaces that were out of service begin generating revenue; in addition, spaces that were not out of service and that have expiring leases may generate higher revenue because we generally receive higher rent on new leases. For example, many of the leases with rents commencing in 2006 were signed in 2005 or earlier, and leases signed in 2004, 2005 and 2006 on spaces for which there was a previous tenant have on average been renewed at double digit base rent increases. On spaces where the tenant leases are expiring in 2007, our analysis of current market rents as compared to rents on the existing leases leads us to expect that, on average, the base rents in new leases will have double-digit weighted average increases over the base rents currently in place.
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At December 31, 2006 the leasable square feet in our shopping centers was 95.4% occupied and 96.5% leased. The leased rate is higher than the occupied rate due to spaces that are being redeveloped or improved or that are awaiting permits and, therefore, are not yet ready to be occupied. Our occupancy percentage and leased percentage increased from 93.9% and 96.3%, respectively at December 31, 2005, to 95.6% and 97.3%, respectively, at September 30, 2006. However, our occupancy percentage and leased percentage decreased as of December 31, 2006 due to 93,000 square feet vacated as a result of the Chapter 7 liquidation of Tower Records and Storehouse Furniture. Our occupancy and leased rates are subject to variability over time due to factors including acquisitions, the timing of the start and stabilization of our redevelopment projects, lease expirations and tenant bankruptcies.
Santana Row
Santana Row, located in San Jose, California, includes approximately 563,000 square feet of retail space, 295 residential rental units, and a ground lease to a 213-room hotel. The 295 residential units include 259 residential units delivered in 2005 and 2006 plus 36 pre-existing residential units. The 295 residential rental units do not include 219 units that have been sold as condominiums. Our total investment in Santana Row, excluding future phases, is approximately $431 million (which includes the 563,000 square feet of retail space, the 295 residential rental units, the related common areas and infrastructure and $13 million invested in restaurant ventures) net of insurance proceeds received related to the 2002 fire and proceeds from the sale of the 219 residential units.
We are developing a master plan for the remaining parcels at Santana Row which comprise approximately 13.4 acres of land. Our remaining entitlements consist of approximately 135,000 square feet of retail space, 897 residential units and either a 191-room hotel or an additional 190 residential units. We are evaluating the feasibility of utilizing these entitlements in future development at Santana Row but there is no guaranty that we will ultimately pursue or complete any part of the development of the remaining parcels.
Acquisitions
We anticipate further growth in earnings from acquisitions of neighborhood and community shopping centers in our primary markets in the East and West regions, as well as a reduction in earnings from selective dispositions.
Any growth in earnings from acquisitions is contingent, however, on our ability to find properties that meet our qualitative standards at prices that meet our financial hurdles. Changes in interest rates also may affect our success in achieving growth through acquisitions by affecting both the price that must be paid to acquire a property, as well as our ability to economically finance the property acquisitions.
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Results of Operations
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2006 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005
| Change | |||||||||||||||
| 2006 | 2005 | (Dollars) | %Change | ||||||||||||
| (Dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 438,201 | $ | 393,548 | $ | 44,653 | 11.3 | % | |||||||
| Other property income | 7,726 | 9,551 | (1,825 | ) | -19.1 | % | |||||||||
| Mortgage interest income | 5,095 | 5,370 | (275 | ) | -5.1 | % | |||||||||
| Total property revenues | 451,022 | 408,469 | 42,553 | 10.4 | % | ||||||||||
| Rental expenses | 88,130 | 84,736 | 3,394 | 4.0 | % | ||||||||||
| Real estate taxes | 44,898 | 39,372 | 5,526 | 14.0 | % | ||||||||||
| Total property expenses | 133,028 | 124,108 | 8,920 | 7.2 | % | ||||||||||
| Property operating income | 317,994 | 284,361 | 33,633 | 11.8 | % | ||||||||||
| Other interest income | 2,545 | 2,215 | 330 | 14.9 | % | ||||||||||
| Income from real estate partnership | 656 | 493 | 163 | 33.1 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest expense | (102,808 | ) | (88,566 | ) | (14,242 | ) | 16.1 | % | |||||||
| General and administrative expense | (21,340 | ) | (19,909 | ) | (1,431 | ) | 7.2 | % | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (97,618 | ) | (88,927 | ) | (8,691 | ) | 9.8 | % | |||||||
| Total other, net | (218,565 | ) | (194,694 | ) | (23,871 | ) | 12.3 | % | |||||||
| Income from continuing operations before minority interests | 99,429 | 89,667 | 9,762 | 10.9 | % | ||||||||||
| Minority interests | (4,353 | ) | (5,234 | ) | 881 | -16.8 | % | ||||||||
| Loss from discontinued operations | (320 | ) | (569 | ) | 249 | -43.8 | % | ||||||||
| Gain on sale of real estate | 23,956 | 30,748 | (6,792 | ) | -22.1 | % | |||||||||
| Net income | $ | 118,712 | $ | 114,612 | $ | 4,100 | 3.6 | % | |||||||
Same Center
Throughout this section, we have provided certain information on a “same-center” basis. Information provided on a same-center basis includes the results of properties that we owned and operated for the entirety of both periods being compared except for properties for which significant development, redevelopment or expansion occurred during either of the periods being compared and properties classified as discontinued operations. Santana Row is considered under development in 2006, 2005 and 2004 and as such is excluded from same-center results.
Property Revenues
Total property revenue increased $42.6 million, or 10.4%, to $451.0 million in 2006 compared to $408.5 million in 2005. The percentage leased at our shopping centers increased to 96.5% at December 31, 2006 compared to 96.3% at December 31, 2005 as the square feet for new leases signed at existing properties exceeded the square footage vacated in 2006, including the 93,000 square feet vacated in the fourth quarter of 2006 as a result of the Chapter 7 liquidation of Tower Records and Storehouse Furniture. Changes in the components of property revenue are discussed below.
Rental Income
Rental income consists primarily of minimum rent, cost recoveries from tenants and percentage rent. Rental income increased $44.7 million, or 11.3%, to $438.2 million in 2006 compared to $393.5 million in 2005, due primarily to the following:
| • | an increase of $20.2 million attributable to properties acquired in 2006 and 2005, |
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| • | an increase of $11.8 million at same-center properties due to increased rental rates on new leases and increased occupancy, |
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| • | an increase of $7.1 million at redevelopment properties due to increased occupancy and increased rental rates on new leases, and |
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| • | an increase of $6.5 million at Santana Row due primarily to leasing newly constructed residential rental units, increased rental rates on new retail leases, and increased occupancy. |
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Other Property Income
Other property income decreased $1.8 million, or 19.1%, to $7.7 million in 2006 compared to $9.6 million in 2005. Included in other property income are items which, although recurring, tend to fluctuate more than rental income from period to period, such as lease termination fees. In 2006, the decrease is primarily due to a $1.9 million decrease in lease termination fees.
Mortgage Interest Income
Mortgage interest income decreased $0.3 million, or 5.1%, to $5.1 million in 2006 compared to $5.4 million in 2005. The decrease is primarily due to the following:
| • | a decrease of $0.4 million resulting from an amendment to our mortgage note receivable secured by a hotel in San Jose, California, executed on August 4, 2006, which decreased the interest rate from 14% to 9% per annum; |
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| • | a decrease of $0.3 million related to the pay-off of a $5.9 million mortgage note receivable in August 23, 2005; |
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partially offset by
| • | an increase of $0.3 million related to higher participating interest. |
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Property Expenses
Total property operating expenses increased $8.9 million, or 7.2%, to $133.0 million in 2006 compared to $124.1 million in 2005. Changes in the components of property expenses are discussed below.
Rental Expenses
Rental expenses increased $3.4 million, or 4.0%, to $88.1 million in 2006 compared to $84.7 million in 2005. This increase is due primarily to the following:
| • | an increase of $3.2 million, attributable to properties acquired in 2006 and 2005, |
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| • | an increase of $2.5 million at Santana Row due primarily to higher repair and maintenance expenses and common area costs associated with the newly constructed residential rental units placed into service, |
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| • | an increase of $1.7 million in repairs and maintenance, excluding snow removal, at same-center and redevelopment properties, and |
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| • | an increase of $0.9 million in utilities at same-center and redevelopment properties, |
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partially offset by
| • | a decrease of $3.0 million due to lower snow removal costs at same-center and redevelopment properties, and |
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| • | a decrease of $2.0 million due to lower bad debt expense at same-center and redevelopment properties. |
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As a result of the changes in rental income, rental expenses and other property income described above, rental expenses as a percentage of rental income plus other property income decreased to 19.8% in 2006 from 21.0% in 2005.
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Real Estate Taxes
Real estate tax expense increased $5.5 million, or 14.0%, to $44.9 million in 2006 compared to $39.4 million in 2005. This increase is due to the following:
| • | an increase of $2.7 million, attributable to properties acquired in 2006 and 2005; |
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| • | an increase of $2.1 million at Santana Row due primarily to higher assessments and a change in estimated real estate taxes recorded in June 2005. This change in estimate resulted from receiving final real estate tax assessments that decreased our real estate taxes for retail real estate and increased our real estate taxes for residential units at Santana Row by $1.1 million in 2005. The related residential units impacted by this change in estimate were sold as condominiums and therefore, the increase in residential real estate taxes is included in discontinued operations as discussed below; and |
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| • | an increase of $0.6 million, due to higher assessments at same-center properties. |
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Property Operating Income
Property operating income increased $33.6 million, or 11.8%, to $318.0 million in 2006 compared to $284.4 million in 2005. This increase is due primarily to the following:
| • | earnings attributable to properties acquired in 2005 and 2006, |
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| • | growth in same-center earnings, and |
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| • | growth in earnings at redevelopment properties and Santana Row. |
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Other
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $14.2 million, or 16.1%, to $102.8 million in 2006 compared to $88.6 million in 2005. This increase is primarily due to the following:
| • | an increase of $8.5 million due to higher borrowings to finance our acquisitions, |
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| • | an increase of $3.0 million due to higher interest rates on certain borrowings, |
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| • | an increase of $1.6 million due to a decrease in capitalized interest, and |
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| • | an increase of $1.0 million due to an increase in participation on capital leases. |
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Gross interest costs were $106.9 million and $94.2 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Capitalized interest amounted to $4.1 million and $5.7 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively. Capitalized interest decreased due primarily to placing the newly constructed residential rental units at Santana Row and retail development at Assembly Square into service partially offset by capitalized interest related to construction at Linden Square which was acquired in 2006.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expense increased $1.4 million, or 7.2%, to $21.3 million in 2006 compared to $19.9 million in 2005. This is primarily due to an increase in compensation (including increased grant expense under SFAS No. 123(R)) being partially offset by an increase in compensation capitalized as a result of increased leasing and redevelopment activities.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $8.7 million, or 9.8%, to $97.6 million in 2006 from $88.9 million in 2005. This increase is due primarily to depreciation on acquired properties, improvements at same-center properties and placing into service the newly constructed residential rental units at Santana Row, and retail development at Assembly Square.
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Minority Interests
Income to minority partners decreased $0.9 million, or 16.8% to $4.4 million in 2006 from $5.2 million in 2005. This decrease is due primarily to a decrease in earnings at a property under redevelopment which is held in a non-wholly owned partnership, and a decrease in operating units held by partners in certain of our “downREIT” partnerships.
Loss from Discontinued Operations
Loss from discontinued operations represents the operating loss of properties that have been disposed, and is required to be reported separately from results of ongoing operations. The reported operating loss of $0.3 million and $0.6 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively, represent the operating loss for the period during which we owned properties sold in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The loss for 2005 includes an unfavorable change in estimated real estate taxes recorded in June 2005 for the residential units sold as condominiums at Santana Row. This change in estimate resulted from receiving final real estate tax assessments for the condominiums sold at Santana Row that were greater than our estimated accrual.
Gain on Sale of Real Estate
The gain on sale of real estate decreased $6.8 million to $24.0 million in 2006 compared to $30.7 million in 2005. All of the properties sold in 2006 (Greenlawn Plaza and condominiums at Santana Row) and in 2005 (properties in Tempe, Arizona; Winter Park, Florida; Shaw’s Plaza in Carver, Massachusetts and condominiums at Santana Row) resulted in gains.
YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2005 COMPARED TO YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2004
| Change | |||||||||||||||
| 2005 | 2004 | (Dollars) | % Change | ||||||||||||
| (Dollar amounts in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 393,548 | $ | 368,299 | $ | 25,249 | 6.9 | % | |||||||
| Other property income | 9,551 | 10,398 | (847 | ) | -8.1 | % | |||||||||
| Mortgage interest income | 5,370 | 4,915 | 455 | 9.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Total property revenues | 408,469 | 383,612 | 24,857 | 6.5 | % | ||||||||||
| Rental expenses | 84,736 | 89,940 | (5,204 | ) | -5.8 | % | |||||||||
| Real estate taxes | 39,372 | 37,351 | 2,021 | 5.4 | % | ||||||||||
| Total property expenses | 124,108 | 127,291 | (3,183 | ) | -2.5 | % | |||||||||
| Property operating income | 284,361 | 256,321 | 28,040 | 10.9 | % | ||||||||||
| Other interest income | 2,215 | 1,504 | 711 | 47.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Income from real estate partnership | 493 | 205 | 288 | 140.5 | % | ||||||||||
| Interest expense | (88,566 | ) | (85,058 | ) | (3,508 | ) | 4.1 | % | |||||||
| General and administrative expense | (19,909 | ) | (18,164 | ) | (1,745 | ) | 9.6 | % | |||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (88,927 | ) | (86,597 | ) | (2,330 | ) | 2.7 | % | |||||||
| Total other, net | (194,694 | ) | (188,110 | ) | (6,584 | ) | 3.5 | % | |||||||
| Income from continuing operations before minority interests | 89,667 | 68,211 | 21,456 | 31.5 | % | ||||||||||
| Minority interests | (5,234 | ) | (4,170 | ) | (1,064 | ) | 25.5 | % | |||||||
| Income (loss) from discontinued operations | (569 | ) | 6,063 | (6,632 | ) | -109.4 | % | ||||||||
| Gain on sale of real estate | 30,748 | 14,052 | 16,696 | 118.8 | % | ||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 114,612 | $ | 84,156 | $ | 30,456 | 36.2 | % | |||||||
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Property Revenues
Total property revenues increased $24.9 million, or 6.5%, to $408.5 million in 2005 compared to $383.6 million in 2004. The percentage leased at our commercial properties increased to 96.3% at December 31, 2005 compared to 95.1% at December 31, 2004 due primarily to new leases signed at existing properties. Changes in the components of property revenue are discussed below.
Rental income
Rental income consists primarily of minimum rent, cost recoveries from tenants, and percentage rent. Rental income increased $25.2 million, or 6.9%, to $393.5 million in 2005 compared to $368.3 million in 2004. This increase is due primarily to the following:
| • | on a same center basis, an increase of $10.3 million due mainly to increased rental rates on new leases and increased occupancy, |
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| • | an increase of $8.9 million at redevelopment properties and Santana Row due primarily to increased occupancy, and |
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| • | an increase of $7.7 million attributable to the properties acquired in 2005 and 2004, primarily Westgate Mall and Assembly Square/Sturtevant Street, |
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partially offset by
| • | a decrease of approximately $3.1 million related to income recognized in 2004 attributable to proceeds from the Santana Row fire insurance settlement. |
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Other Property Income
Other property income decreased $0.8 million, or 8.1%, to $9.6 million in 2005 compared to $10.4 million in 2004. Included in other property income are items which, although recurring, tend to fluctuate more than rental income from period to period, such as lease termination fees and temporary tenant income. This decrease in other property income in 2004 is primarily the result of lower lease termination fees and lower parking revenue.
Mortgage Interest Income
Interest on mortgage notes receivable increased $0.5 million, or 9.3%, to $5.4 million in 2005 compared to $4.9 million in 2004. This increase is due primarily to an increase in the weighted average effective interest rate on notes outstanding.
Property Expenses
Total property operating expenses decreased $3.2 million, or 2.5%, to $124.1 million in 2005 compared to $127.3 million in 2004. Changes in the components of property expenses are discussed below.
Rental Expenses
Rental expenses decreased $5.2 million, or 5.8%, to $84.7 million in 2005 compared to $89.9 million in 2004. This decrease is primarily due to the following:
| • | a decrease of $4.5 million due to lower bad debt expense and insurance premiums, and |
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| • | a decrease of $2.0 million due to lower write-offs of fixed assets and deferred lease costs related primarily to early lease terminations, |
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partially offset by
| • | an increase of $1.7 million in maintenance expense at same center properties due primarily to higher snow removal costs in the East region, and |
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| • | an increase of $1.2 million in expenses attributable to the additional properties acquired during 2005 and 2004. |
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As a result of these changes in rental expenses, rental income and other property income, rental expense as a percentage of rental income plus other property income decreased from 23.7% in 2004 to 21.0% in 2005.
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Real Estate Taxes
Real estate tax expense increased $2.0 million, or 5.4%, to $39.4 million in 2005 compared to $37.4 million in 2004. This increase in 2005 is due largely to increased taxes of $1.5 million attributable to acquired properties and higher tax assessments for our properties.
Property Operating Income
Property operating income increased $28.0 million, or 10.9%, to $284.4 million in 2005 compared to $256.3 million in 2004. Income recognized from fire insurance proceeds attributable to rental income lost at Santana Row due to the August 2002 fire amounted to approximately $3.1 million in 2004 and was insignificant in 2005. Excluding these proceeds, property operating income increased $31.1 million.
This increase is due primarily to the following:
| • | growth in same center earnings, |
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| • | growth in Santana Row earnings due to higher rental income and lower operating expenses, |
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| • | growth at redevelopment properties where occupancy has increased, and |
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| • | earnings attributable to our 2005 and 2004 acquisitions. |
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Other
Other Interest Income
Other interest income increased $0.7 million to $2.2 million in 2005 compared to $1.5 million in 2004. This increase is due primarily to non-recurring additional interest income from the early pay-off of a $7.5 million note receivable in June 2005.
Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $3.5 million, or 4.1%, to $88.6 million in 2005 compared to $85.1 million in 2004. This increase is primarily due to higher outstanding balances on our revolving credit facilities, which we used to finance acquisitions on an interim basis, and higher interest rates on our variable-rate debt. Gross interest costs in 2005 were $94.2 million compared to $90.2 million in 2004. Capitalized interest amounted to $5.7 million and $5.1 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively.
General and Administrative Expense
General and administrative expenses increased by $1.7 million, or 9.6%, to $19.9 million in 2005 compared to $18.2 million in 2004. This increase resulted primarily from increased compensation.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased $2.3 million, or 2.7%, to $88.9 million in 2005 compared to $86.6 million in 2004. This increase is primarily due to depreciation and amortization on properties acquired.
Minority Interests
Income to minority partners increased $1.1 million to $5.2 million in 2005 compared to $4.2 million in 2004. This is the result of increased earnings at majority-owned real estate partnerships partially offset by a decrease in the interest held by the minority partners.
(Loss) Income from Discontinued Operations
(Loss) income from discontinued operations represents the operating loss or income of properties that have been disposed, which is required to be reported separately from results of ongoing operations. The reported loss of $0.6 million and income of $6.1 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively, represents the operating (loss) income for the period during which we owned the properties sold in 2005 and 2004.
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Gain on Sale of Real Estate
The gain on sale of real estate increased $16.7 million to $30.7 million in 2005 compared to $14.1 million in 2004. Each of the properties sold in 2005 (properties in Tempe, Arizona; Winter Park, Florida; Shaw’s Plaza in Carver, Massachusetts and condominiums at Santana Row) and 2004 (land parcels at Village at Shirlington, Magruders Center, Plaza del Mercado and properties in West Hartford and Avon, Connecticut) resulted in a gain.
Segment Results
We operate our business on an asset management model, where property management teams are responsible for a portfolio of assets. We manage our portfolio as two operating regions: East and West. Property management teams consist of regional directors, leasing agents, development staff and financial personnel, each of whom has responsibility for a distinct portfolio.
The following selected key segment data is presented for 2006, 2005 and 2004. The results of properties classified as discontinued operations have been excluded from rental income, total revenue, and property operating income from the following table.
| 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| East | ||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 340,968 | $ | 310,063 | $ | 293,291 | ||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 348,894 | $ | 317,044 | $ | 300,012 | ||||||
| Property operating income(1) | $ | 252,425 | $ | 226,086 | $ | 207,940 | ||||||
| Property operating income as a percent of total revenue | 72.4 | % | 71.3 | % | 69.3 | % | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 1,725,790 | $ | 1,368,925 | $ | 1,264,135 | ||||||
| Gross leasable square feet | 16,195 | 14,941 | 14,482 | |||||||||
| West | ||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | 97,233 | $ | 83,485 | $ | 75,008 | ||||||
| Total revenue | $ | 102,128 | $ | 91,425 | $ | 83,600 | ||||||
| Property operating income(1) | $ | 65,569 | $ | 58,275 | $ | 48,381 | ||||||
| Property operating income as a percent of total revenue | 64.2 | % | 63.7 | % | 57.9 | % | ||||||
| Total assets | $ | 876,400 | $ | 908,621 | $ | 911,136 | ||||||
| Gross leasable square feet | 2,605 | 2,610 | 2,408 |
| (1) | Property operating income consists of rental income, other property income and mortgage interest income, less rental expenses and real estate taxes. This measure is used internally to evaluate the performance of our regional operations, and we consider it to be a significant measure. |
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East
The East region extends roughly from New England south through metropolitan Washington, D.C. and further south through Virginia and North Carolina. This region also includes several properties in Illinois and Michigan. As of December 31, 2006, the East region consisted of 78 properties (including our one apartment complex) and was 96.9% leased.
Total revenue in our East region increased $31.9 million, or 10.0%, in 2006 and $17.0 million, or 5.7%, in 2005. These increases are primarily attributable to acquisitions and increased rental rates and occupancy. Growth in total revenue attributable to acquisitions was $15.0 million in 2006 and $3.1 million in 2005. The percentage leased was 97%, 97% and 96% at December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The ratio of property operating income to total revenue was 72.4%, 71.3% and 69.3% in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The improvement in this ratio has primarily resulted from increased rental rates, increased occupancy and lower bad debt expense.
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West
The West region extends from Texas to the West Coast. As of December 31, 2006, the West region consisted of 34 properties, including Santana Row, and was 93.8% leased.
Total revenue in our West region increased $10.7 million, or 11.7%, in 2006 and $7.8 million, or 9.4%, in 2005. These increases are primarily attributable to growth in total revenue at Santana Row as additional phases were brought into service, and acquisitions. These increases in rental revenue were partially offset by decreases in fire insurance proceeds of $3.1 million and $5.0 million in 2005 and 2004, respectively. The insurance proceeds were included in rental income as they relate largely to lost rents on delayed openings of the residential and retail units and rental concessions to tenants due to the August 2002 fire at Santana Row. Growth in total revenue attributable to acquisitions was $5.3 million and $4.5 million in 2006 and 2005, respectively. The percentage leased was 94%, 94% and 93% at December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, respectively. The ratio of property operating income to total revenue was 64.2%, 63.7% and 57.9% in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The improvement in this ratio in 2005 is due primarily to increased occupancy at Santana Row and decreased operating expenses resulting from leasing, marketing and other start-up activities related to Santana Row.
The overall return on investment in our West region is significantly less than the overall return on investment in our East region. This is due primarily to the following factors:
| • | the generally lower bases in our East properties which were generally acquired before the West properties, |
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| • | current occupancy rates at Houston Street in San Antonio, Texas are below our portfolio average, and |
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| • | the phasing into service of Santana Row. |
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We expect that returns on investment in our West region will continue to rise over time, but that they will not necessarily rise to the same level of overall returns that are generated in our East region because of the lower historical basis in our East Coast properties.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Due to the nature of our business and strategy, we generally generate significant amounts of cash from operations. The cash generated from operations is primarily paid to our shareholders in the form of dividends. As a REIT, we must generally make annual distributions to shareholders of at least 90% of our REIT taxable income.
Our short-term liquidity requirements consist primarily of obligations under our capital and operating leases, normal recurring operating expenses, regular debt service requirements (including debt service relating to additional or replacement debt, as well as scheduled debt maturities), recurring expenditures, non-recurring expenditures (such as tenant improvements and redevelopments) and dividends to common and preferred shareholders, if any. Overall capital requirements in 2007 will depend upon acquisition opportunities, the level of improvements and redevelopments on existing properties and the timing and cost of development of future phases of existing properties.
Our long-term capital requirements consist primarily of maturities under our long-term debt, development and redevelopment costs and potential acquisitions. We expect to fund these through a combination of sources which we believe will be available to us, including additional and replacement unsecured and secured borrowings, issuance of additional equity, joint venture relationships relating to existing properties or new acquisitions, and property dispositions.
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The cash needed to execute our strategy and invest in new properties, as well as to pay our debt at maturity, must come from one or more of the following sources:
| • | cash provided by operations that is not distributed to shareholders, |
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| • | proceeds from the issuance of new debt or equity securities, or |
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| • | proceeds of property dispositions. |
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It is management’s intention that we continually have access to the capital resources necessary to expand and develop our business. As a result, we intend to operate with and maintain a conservative capital structure that will allow us to maintain strong debt service coverage and fixed-charge coverage ratios as part of our commitment to investment-grade debt ratings. We may, from time to time, seek to obtain funds by the following means:
| • | additional equity offerings, |
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| • | unsecured debt financing and/or mortgage financings, and |
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| • | other debt and equity alternatives, including formation of joint ventures, in a manner consistent with our intention to operate with a conservative debt structure. |
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The following factors could affect our ability to meet our liquidity requirements:
| • | we may be unable to obtain debt or equity financing on favorable terms, or at all, as a result of our financial condition or market conditions at the time we seek additional financing; |
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| • | restrictions in our debt instruments or preferred stock equity may prohibit us from incurring debt or issuing equity at all, or on acceptable terms under then-prevailing market conditions; and |
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| • | we may be unable to service additional or replacement debt due to increases in interest rates or a decline in our operating performance. |
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Cash and cash equivalents were $11.5 million and $8.6 million at December 31, 2006 and December 31, 2005, respectively. Cash and cash equivalents are not a good indicator of our liquidity. We have a $300.0 million unsecured revolving credit facility that matures July 28, 2010, subject to a one-year extension at our option. We intend to utilize our revolving credit facility to finance the initial acquisition of properties and meet other short-term working capital requirements.
Summary of Cash Flows for 2006 and 2005
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
| 2006 | 2005 | |||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||
| Cash provided by operating activities | $ | 184,401 | $ | 174,941 | ||||
| Cash used in investing activities | (317,429 | ) | (152,730 | ) | ||||
| Cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 135,884 | (44,047 | ) | |||||
| Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 2,856 | (21,836 | ) | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year | 8,639 | 30,475 | ||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of year | $ | 11,495 | $ | 8,639 | ||||
Net cash provided by operating activities increased by $9.5 million to $184.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2006 from $174.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2005. The increase was primarily attributable to:
| • | $12.0 million higher net income before gain on sale of real estate, depreciation and amortization, and minority interest; |
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partially offset by
| • | $2.5 million increased use of cash for working capital due mainly to higher prepaid and other asset balances. |
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Net cash used in investing activities increased approximately $164.7 million to $317.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2006 from $152.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2005. The increase was primarily attributable to:
| • | $170.1 million increase in acquisitions of real estate; |
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| • | $30.8 million decrease in proceeds from the sale of real estate; |
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| • | $9.5 million decreased cash from net payoff of mortgage and other note receivables; and |
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| • | $4.9 million capital contribution to a real estate partnership; |
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partially offset by
| • | $50.0 million decrease in capital expenditures primarily due to a decrease in development and redevelopment activities. |
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Net cash provided by financing activities increased approximately $179.9 million to $135.9 million provided during the year ended December 31, 2006 from $44.0 million used during the year ended December 31, 2005. The increase was primarily attributable to:
| • | $385.9 million increase in net proceeds from the issuance of senior debentures; |
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| • | $150.0 million in net proceeds from the issuance of note payable; |
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| • | $147.0 million in net proceeds from the issuance of common shares in a public offering; and |
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| • | $43.0 million decrease in net payments on our revolving credit facility; |
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partially offset by
| • | $401.0 million increase in repayment of mortgages, capital leases and notes payable; |
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| • | $135.0 million redemption of Series B preferred shares; and |
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| • | $9.3 million increase in dividends paid to common and preferred shareholders. |
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Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Other than the restaurants and joint venture funding commitments described in the next paragraph and items disclosed in the Contractual Commitments Table below, we have no off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2006 that are reasonably likely to have a current or future material effect on our financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources.
We are restaurant joint venture partners in eight restaurants at Santana Row. Our investment balance in the restaurant joint ventures was approximately $8.6 million and $6.8 million at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Our equity in earnings from the restaurant joint ventures was $1.5 million, $1.3 million and $1.1 million in 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.
In July 2004, we entered into a joint venture arrangement by forming a limited partnership with affiliates of Clarion Lion Properties Fund (“Clarion”), a discretionary fund created and advised by ING Clarion Partners. We own 30% of the equity in the partnership, and Clarion owns 70%. The Partnership plans to acquire up to $350 million of stabilized, supermarket-anchored, shopping centers in the Trust’s East and West regions. Federal Realty and Clarion have committed to contribute to the Partnership up to $37 million and $86 million,
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respectively, of equity capital to acquire properties. No assurances can be made that we will identify properties that meet the acquisition requirements of the Partnership. We are the manager of the Partnership and its properties, earning fees for acquisitions, management, leasing, and financing. We also have the opportunity to receive performance-based earnings through our Partnership interest. In 2004, the Partnership acquired four shopping centers in the East for $75.8 million, and in 2006, the Partnership acquired an additional two shopping centers in the East for $45.5 million. We account for our interest in the partnership using the equity method. In total, at December 31, 2006, the Partnership had $77.4 million of mortgage notes outstanding.
Contractual Commitments
The following table provides a summary of our fixed, noncancelable obligations as of December 31, 2006:
| Commitments Due by Period | |||||||||||||||
| Total | Less Than 1 Year | 1-3 Years | 4-5 Years | After 5 Years | |||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||
| Current and long-term debt | $ | 1,545,097 | $ | 154,997 | $ | 200,417 | $ | 222,839 | $ | 966,844 | |||||
| Capital lease obligations, principal only | 149,361 | 1,315 | 3,245 | 3,869 | 140,932 | ||||||||||
| Operating leases | 280,789 | 4,598 | 9,113 | 9,111 | 257,967 | ||||||||||
| Real estate commitments | 129,019 | 69,019 | — | — | 60,000 | ||||||||||
| Development and redevelopment obligations | 98,252 | 88,739 | 9,513 | — | — | ||||||||||
| Total contractual cash obligations | $ | 2,202,518 | $ | 318,668 | $ | 222,288 | $ | 235,819 | $ | 1,425,743 | |||||
In addition to the amounts set forth in the table above, the following potential commitments exist:
(a) Under the terms of the Congressional Plaza partnership agreement, from and after January 1, 1986, an unaffiliated third party has the right to require us and the two other minority partners to purchase between one-half to all of its 29.47% interest in Congressional Plaza at the interest’s then-current fair market value. Based on management’s current estimate of fair market value as of December 31, 2006, our estimated maximum liability upon exercise of the put option would range from approximately $40 million to $45 million.
(b) Under the terms of two other partnerships which own properties in southern California with a cost of approximately $38 million, if certain leasing and revenue levels are obtained for the properties owned by the partnerships, the other partners may require us to purchase their partnership interests at a formula price based upon property operating income. The purchase price for one of the partnerships will be paid in cash and the purchase price for the other partnership will be paid using our common shares or, subject to certain conditions, cash. In those partnerships, if the other partners do not redeem their interests, we may choose to purchase the limited partnership interests upon the same terms.
(c) Street Retail San Antonio LP, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Trust, entered into a Development Agreement (the “Agreement”) in 2000 with the City of San Antonio, Texas (the “City”) related to the redevelopment of land and buildings that we own along Houston Street. Under the Agreement, we are required to issue an annual letter of credit, commencing on October 1, 2002 and ending on September 30, 2014, that covers our designated portion of the debt service should the incremental tax revenue generated in the Zone not cover the debt service. We posted a letter of credit with the City on September 25, 2002 for $0.8 million, and the letter of credit remains outstanding. As of December 31, 2006, we have funded approximately $1.3 million related to this obligation. In anticipation of further shortfalls of incremental tax revenues to the City, we have accrued approximately $0.3 million as of December 31, 2006 to cover additional payments we may be obligated to make as part of the project costs.
(d) Under the terms of various other partnership agreements for entities, the partners have the right to exchange their operating units for cash or the same number of our common shares, at our option. As of December 31, 2006, a total of 377,210 operating units are outstanding.
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(e) In addition to our contractual obligations, we have other short-term liquidity requirements consisting primarily of normal recurring operating expenses, regular debt service requirements (including debt service relating to additional and replacement debt), recurring corporate expenditures including compensation agreements, non-recurring corporate expenditures (such as tenant improvements and redevelopments) and dividends to common and preferred shareholders. In addition, future rental commitments are not reflected as commitments until the underlying leased space has been delivered for use. Overall capital requirements will depend upon acquisition opportunities, the level of improvements and redevelopments on existing properties and the timing and cost of future phases of Santana Row and Assembly Square.
(f) We are the guarantor for the “non-recourse carve outs” under mortgage notes totaling $36.7 million that are secured by three properties owned by subsidiaries of our unconsolidated joint venture with affiliates of Clarion Lion Properties Fund, a discretionary fund created and advised by ING Clarion Partners. We are not guaranteeing the debt itself. The joint venture indemnifies us for any loss we incur under these guarantees.
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Debt Financing Arrangements
The following is a summary of our total debt outstanding as of December 31, 2006:
| Description of Debt | Original Debt Issued | Principal Balance as of December 31, 2006 | Interest Rate as of December 31, 2006 | Maturity Date | ||||||||
| (Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||
| Mortgage loans(1) | ||||||||||||
| Secured fixed rate | ||||||||||||
| Leesburg Plaza | $ | 9,900 | $ | 9,760 | 6.510 | % | October 1, 2008 | |||||
| 164 E. Houston Street | 345 | 98 | 7.500 | % | October 6, 2008 | |||||||
| Mercer Mall | Acquired | 4,512 | 8.375 | % | April 1, 2009 | |||||||
| Federal Plaza | 36,500 | 34,192 | 6.750 | % | June 1, 2011 | |||||||
| Tysons Station | 7,000 | 6,366 | 7.400 | % | September 1, 2011 | |||||||
| Crow Canyon | Acquired | 21,945 | 5.400 | % | August 11, 2013 | |||||||
| Melville Mall(2) | Acquired | 25,702 | 5.250 | % | September 1, 2014 | |||||||
| Barracks Road | 44,300 | 42,614 | 7.950 | % | November 1, 2015 | |||||||
| Hauppauge | 16,700 | 16,065 | 7.950 | % | November 1, 2015 | |||||||
| Lawrence Park | 31,400 | 30,205 | 7.950 | % | November 1, 2015 | |||||||
| Wildwood | 27,600 | 26,550 | 7.950 | % | November 1, 2015 | |||||||
| Wynnewood | 32,000 | 30,782 | 7.950 | % | November 1, 2015 | |||||||
| Brick Plaza | 33,000 | 31,631 | 7.415 | % | November 1, 2015 | |||||||
| Mount Vernon(3) | 13,250 | 12,268 | 5.660 | % | April 15, 2028 | |||||||
| Bath | Acquired | 9,999 | 7.130 | % | July 1, 2028 | |||||||
| Chelsea | Acquired | 8,384 | 5.360 | % | January 15, 2031 | |||||||
| Subtotal | 311,073 | |||||||||||
| Net unamortized mortgage discount | (36 | ) | ||||||||||
| Total mortgage loans | 311,037 | |||||||||||
| Notes payable | ||||||||||||
| Unsecured fixed rate | ||||||||||||
| Perring Plaza renovation | 3,087 | 1,624 | 10.000 | % | January 31, 2013 | |||||||
| Unsecured variable rate | ||||||||||||
| Revolving credit facilities(4) | 300,000 | 98,000 | LIBOR + 0.425 | % | July 27, 2010 | |||||||
| Escondido (Municipal bonds)(5) | 9,400 | 9,400 | 3.760 | % | October 1, 2016 | |||||||
| Total notes payable | 109,024 | |||||||||||
| Senior notes and debentures | ||||||||||||
| Unsecured fixed rate | ||||||||||||
| 6.125% notes(6) | 150,000 | 150,000 | 6.325 | % | November 15, 2007 | |||||||
| 8.75% notes | 175,000 | 175,000 | 8.750 | % | December 1, 2009 | |||||||
| 4.50% notes | 75,000 | 75,000 | 4.500 | % | February 15, 2011 | |||||||
| 6.00% notes | 175,000 | 175,000 | 6.000 | % | July 15, 2012 | |||||||
| 5.40% notes | 135,000 | 135,000 | 5.400 | % | December 1, 2013 | |||||||
| 5.65% notes | 125,000 | 125,000 | 5.650 | % | June 1, 2016 | |||||||
| 6.20% notes | 200,000 | 200,000 | 6.200 | % | January 15, 2017 | |||||||
| 7.48% debentures(7) | 50,000 | 50,000 | 7.480 | % | August 15, 2026 | |||||||
| 6.82% medium term notes(8) | $ | 40,000 | 40,000 | 6.820 | % | August 1, 2027 | ||||||
| Subtotal | 1,125,000 | |||||||||||
| Unamortized net premium | 2,508 | |||||||||||
| Total senior notes and debentures | 1,127,508 | |||||||||||
| Capital lease obligations | ||||||||||||
| Various | 149,361 | Various | Various through 2077 | |||||||||
| Total debt and capital lease obligations | $ | 1,696,930 | ||||||||||
| (1) | Mortgage loans do not include our 30% share ($23.2 million) of the $77.4 million debt of the partnership with Clarion Lion Properties Fund. |
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| (2) | The Trust acquired control of Melville Mall through a 20-year master lease and secondary financing. Because the Trust controls this property and retains substantially all of the economic benefit and risk associated with it, this property is consolidated and the mortgage loan is reflected on the balance sheet, though it is not a legal obligation of the Trust. |
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| (3) | The interest rate is fixed at 5.66% for the first ten years and then will be reset to a market rate in 2013. The lender has the option to call the loan on April 15, 2013 or any time thereafter. |
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| (4) | The revolving credit facility offers a one-year extension option. The maximum amount drawn under the facility during 2006 was $297.0 million. The weighted average effective interest rate on borrowings under our revolving credit facility, before amortization of debt fees, was 5.6% for the year ended December 31, 2006. |
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| (5) | The bonds require monthly interest only payments through maturity. The bonds bear interest at a variable rate determined weekly, which would enable the bonds to be remarketed at 100% of their principal amount. The property is not encumbered by a lien. |
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| (6) | We purchased an interest rate lock to hedge a planned note offering. A hedge loss of $1.5 million associated with this hedge is being amortized into the note offering, thereby increasing the effective interest rate on these notes to 6.325%. |
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| (7) | Beginning on August 15, 2008, the debentures are redeemable by the holders thereof at the original purchase price of $1,000 per debenture. |
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| (8) | Beginning on August 1, 2007, the notes are redeemable by the holders thereof at the original purchase price of $1,000 per note. |
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Our credit facility and other debt agreements include financial and other covenants that may limit our operating activities in the future. As of December 31, 2006, we were in compliance with all of the financial and other covenants. If we were to breach any of our debt covenants and did not cure the breach within any applicable cure period, our lenders could require us to repay the debt immediately and, if the debt is secured, could immediately begin proceedings to take possession of the property securing the loan. Many of our debt arrangements, including our public notes and our credit facility, are cross-defaulted, which means that the lenders under those debt arrangements can put us in default and require immediate repayment of their debt if we breach and fail to cure a covenant under certain of our other debt obligations. As a result, any default under our debt covenants could have an adverse effect on our financial condition, our results of operations, our ability to meet our obligations and the market value of our shares.
Below are the aggregate principal payments required as of December 31, 2006 under our debt financing arrangements by year. Scheduled principal installments and amounts due at maturity are included.
| Secured | Capital Leases | Unsecured | Total | |||||||||||
| (In thousands) | ||||||||||||||
| 2007 | $ | 4,793 | $ | 1,315 | $ | 150,204 | $ | 156,312 | ||||||
| 2008 | 14,968 | 1,523 | 226 | 16,717 | ||||||||||
| 2009 | 9,973 | 1,722 | 175,250 | 186,945 | ||||||||||
| 2010 | 6,016 | 1,860 | 98,275 | (1) | 106,151 | (1) | ||||||||
| 2011 | 43,244 | 2,009 | 75,304 | 120,557 | (3) | |||||||||
| 2012 and thereafter(2) | 232,079 | 140,932 | 734,765 | 1,107,776 | (3) | |||||||||
| $ | 311,073 | $ | 149,361 | $ | 1,234,024 | $ | 1,694,458 | |||||||
Our organizational documents do not limit the level or amount of debt that we may incur.
| (1) | Includes $98 million outstanding under our revolving credit facility. |
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| (2) | Includes the Mount Vernon projected mortgage loan balance of $10.0 million as of April 15, 2013 that may be required to be paid on or after April 15, 2013. Amount also includes $90 million of unsecured debt that may be called by the holders beginning August 1, 2007 as to $40 million thereof and beginning August 15, 2008 as to $50 million thereof. |
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| (3) | Total debt maturities differs from the total reported on the consolidated balance sheet due to unamortized discounts and premiums as of December 31, 2006. |
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Interest Rate Hedging
We enter into interest rate swaps and treasury rate locks that qualify as cash flow hedges under SFAS No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities.” We generally enter into interest rate swaps to manage our exposure to variable interest rate risk and treasury locks to manage the risk of interest rates rising prior to the issuance of debt. We do not purchase derivatives for speculation. Our cash flow hedges are recorded at fair value. The effective portion of changes in fair value of our cash flow hedges is recorded in other comprehensive income and reclassified to earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. The ineffective portion of changes in fair value of our cash flow hedges is recognized in earnings in the period affected. We
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assess effectiveness of our cash flow hedges both at inception and on an ongoing basis. Hedge ineffectiveness did not have a significant impact on earnings in 2006, 2005 and 2004, and we do not anticipate it will have a significant effect in the future.
In January 2004, we entered into an interest rate swap to fix the LIBOR portion of our $150 million term loan issued in October of 2003. This swap fixed the LIBOR portion at 2.401% through October 2006. The full notional amount of this swap qualified as a cash flow hedge until we repaid this loan on July 17, 2006.
In August 2002, in anticipation of a $150 million senior unsecured note offering, we entered into a treasury lock that fixed the five year treasury rate at 3.472% through August 19, 2002. On August 16, 2002, we priced the senior unsecured notes with a scheduled closing date of August 21, 2002 and closed on the associated rate lock. Five-year treasury rates declined between the pricing period and the settlement of the rate lock and therefore, we paid $1.5 million to settle the rate lock. As a result of the August 19, 2002 fire at Santana Row, we did not proceed with the note offering at that time. However, we consummated a $150 million, 6.125% Senior Unsecured Note offering on November 2002, and thus, the hedge loss is being amortized into interest expense over the life of these notes.
We also purchased an interest rate swap that terminated in March 2006, with a notional amount of $40.5 million upon issuance of our 6.99% Medium Term Notes, which reduced the effective interest rate from 6.99% to 6.894%.
REIT Qualification
We intend to maintain our qualification as a REIT under Section 856(c) of the Code. As a REIT, we generally will not be subject to corporate federal income taxes on income we distribute to generally our shareholders as long as we satisfy certain technical requirements of the Code, including the requirement to distribute 90% of our REIT taxable income to our shareholders.
Funds From Operations
Funds from operations (“FFO”) is a supplemental non-GAAP financial measure of real estate companies’ operating performance. The National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (“NAREIT”) defines FFO as follows: net income, computed in accordance with the U.S. GAAP, plus depreciation and amortization of real estate assets and excluding extraordinary items and gains on the sale of real estate. We compute FFO in accordance with the NAREIT definition, and we have historically reported our FFO available for common shareholders in addition to our net income and net cash provided by operating activities. It should be noted that FFO:
| • | does not represent cash flows from operating activities in accordance with GAAP (which, unlike FFO, generally reflects all cash effects of transactions and other events in the determination of net income); |
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| • | should not be considered an alternative to net income as an indication of our performance; and |
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| • | is not necessarily indicative of cash flow as a measure of liquidity or ability to fund cash needs, including the payment of dividends. |
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We consider FFO available for common shareholders a meaningful, additional measure of operating performance primarily because it excludes the assumption that the value of the real estate assets diminishes predictably over time, as implied by the historical cost convention of GAAP and the recording of depreciation. We use FFO primarily as one of several means of assessing our operating performance in comparison with other REITs. Comparison of our presentation of FFO to similarly titled measures for other REITs may not necessarily be meaningful due to possible differences in the application of the NAREIT definition used by such REITs.
An increase or decrease in FFO available for common shareholders does not necessarily result in an increase or decrease in aggregate distributions because our Board of Trustees is not required to increase distributions on a
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quarterly basis unless necessary for us to maintain REIT status. However, we must generally distribute 90% of our REIT taxable income to remain qualified as a REIT. Therefore, a significant increase in FFO will generally require an increase in distributions to shareholders although not necessarily on a proportionate basis.
The reconciliation of net income to funds from operations available for common shareholders is as follows:
| For the Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2006 | 2005 | 2004 | ||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||
| Net income | $ | 118,712 | $ | 114,612 | $ | 84,156 | ||||||
| Gain on sale of real estate | (23,956 | ) | (30,748 | ) | (14,052 | ) | ||||||
| Depreciation and amortization of real estate assets | 88,649 | 82,752 | 81,649 | |||||||||
| Amortization of initial direct costs of leases | 7,390 | 6,972 | 7,151 | |||||||||
| Depreciation of joint venture real estate assets | 768 | 630 | 187 | |||||||||
| Funds from operations | 191,563 | 174,218 | 159,091 | |||||||||
| Dividends on preferred stock | (10,423 | ) | (11,475 | ) | (11,475 | ) | ||||||
| Income attributable to operating partnership units | 748 | 801 | 1,055 | |||||||||
| Preferred stock redemption costs | (4,775 | ) | — | — | ||||||||
| Funds from operations available for common shareholders | $ | 177,113 | $ | 163,544 | $ | 148,671 | ||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares, diluted | 54,351 | 53,469 | 52,257 | |||||||||
| Funds from operations available for common shareholders, per diluted share | $ | 3.26 | $ | 3.06 | $ | 2.85 |
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