Item 6. Selected Financial Data

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following table sets forth selected financial data for each of the fiscal years in the five-year period ended May 26, 2019:

In Millions, Except Per Share Data, Percentages and RatiosFiscal Year
2019 (a)2018201720162015 (b)
Operating data:
Net sales$16,865.2$15,740.4$15,619.8$16,563.1$17,630.3
Gross margin (c) (d)5,756.85,435.65,567.85,843.35,967.8
Selling, general, and administrative expenses (d)2,935.82,850.12,888.83,141.43,389.9
Operating profit (d)2,515.92,419.92,492.12,719.12,071.8
Net earnings attributable to General Mills1,752.72,131.01,657.51,697.41,221.3
Advertising and media expense601.6575.9623.8754.4823.1
Research and development expense221.9219.1218.2222.1229.4
Average shares outstanding:
Diluted605.4585.7598.0611.9618.8
Earnings per share:
Diluted$2.90$3.64$2.77$2.77$1.97
Adjusted diluted (c) (e)$3.22$3.11$3.08$2.92$2.86
Operating ratios:
Gross margin as a percentage of net sales (d)34.1%34.5%35.6%35.3%33.8%
Selling, general, and administrative expenses as a percentage of net sales (d)17.4%18.1%18.5%19.0%19.2%
Operating profit as a percentage of net sales (d)14.9%15.4%16.0%16.4%11.8%
Adjusted operating profit as a percentage of net sales (c) (d) (e)16.9%16.6%17.6%16.8%15.7%
Effective income tax rate17.7%2.7%28.8%31.4%33.3%
Balance sheet data:
Land, buildings, and equipment$3,787.2$4,047.2$3,687.7$3,743.6$3,783.3
Total assets30,111.230,624.021,812.621,712.321,832.0
Long-term debt, excluding current portion11,624.812,668.77,642.97,057.77,575.3
Total debt (c)14,490.015,818.69,481.78,430.99,191.5
Cash flow data:
Net cash provided by operating activities (f)$2,807.0$2,841.0$2,415.2$2,764.2$2,648.5
Capital expenditures537.6622.7684.4729.3712.4
Free cash flow (c)2,269.42,218.31,730.82,034.91,936.1
Share data:
Cash dividends per common share$1.96$1.96$1.92$1.78$1.67
(a)In fiscal 2018, we acquired Blue Buffalo. Please see Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.
(b)Fiscal 2015 was a 53-week year; all other fiscal years were 52 weeks.
(c)Please see “Glossary” in Item 8 of this report for definition.
(d)In the first quarter of fiscal 2019, we retrospectively adopted new accounting requirements related to the presentation of net periodic defined benefit pension expense, net periodic postretirement benefit expense, and net periodic postemployment benefit expense. Please see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.
(e)Please see “Non-GAAP Measures” in Item 7 of this report for our discussion of this measure not defined by generally accepted accounting principles.
(f)In fiscal 2018, we retrospectively adopted new requirements for the accounting and presentation of stock-based payments. Please see Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 8 of this report.
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