Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.

Although we do not face material risks related to commodity prices, we are exposed to changes in interest rates and in foreign currency rates with respect to foreign currency denominated operating revenues and expenses.

Foreign Currency

We incur translation gains or losses resulting from the translation of an operating unit’s foreign functional currency into U.S. dollars for consolidated financial statement purposes. For the periods presented, our principal foreign currency exchange exposures are the Euro, the primary functional currency of our European operations; the Canadian dollar, the functional currency of our Canadian operations; and the Australian dollar, the primary functional currency of our Australasian operations. We monitor our foreign currency exposures and from time to time, we enter into currency forward contracts to manage our exposure to currency fluctuations. Foreign currency exchange exposure, in regard to the Australian and Canadian dollar, negatively impacted our results, while the Euro positively impacted our results for the year ended December 31, 2024. Foreign currency exchange exposure, particularly in regard to the Australian and Canadian dollar, and to a lesser extent the Euro, positively impacted our results for the year ended December 31, 2023.

During 2024 and 2023, it was estimated that a 10% shift in exchange rates between those foreign functional currencies and the U.S. dollar would have impacted translated net sales by approximately $829 million and $797 million, respectively. A 15% shift in exchange rates between those functional currencies and the U.S. dollar would have impacted translated net sales by approximately $1.2 billion in 2024 and $1.2 billion in 2023. A 20% shift in exchange rates between those functional currencies and the U.S. dollar would have impacted translated net sales by approximately $1.7 billion in 2024 and $1.6 billion in 2023.

Interest Rates

We are subject to interest rate volatility with regard to existing and future issuances of debt and with respect to the A/R Sales Agreement, for which the fees are linked to interest rate changes. We monitor our mix of fixed-rate and variable-rate debt as well as our mix of short-term debt and long-term debt. From time to time, we enter into interest rate swap agreements to manage our exposure to interest rate fluctuations. As of December 31, 2024, we primarily had fixed-rate debt. Based on our variable-rate debt and derivative instruments outstanding as of December 31, 2024 and 2023, we estimate that a 100 basis point increase in interest rates would have an immaterial impact in 2024 and 2023 and would increase the fees on our A/R Sales Agreement by $10 million.

Inflation

In 2024 and 2023, we experienced inflationary pressures across various parts of our business and operations, including, but not limited to, increases to our product costs, and higher operating costs, including those related to salaries, wages, rent and freight expenses. We continue to monitor the impact of inflation in order to minimize its effects through pricing strategies, productivity improvements and cost reductions. If our costs were to be subject to more significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully offset such higher costs through price increases

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or other cost efficiency measures. Our inability or failure to do so could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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