Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
| Fixed Maturities, AFS by Type | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | ACL | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Percent of Total Fair Value | Amortized Cost | ACL | Gross Unrealized Gains | Gross Unrealized Losses | Fair Value | Percent of Total Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Asset backed securities ("ABS") | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer loans | $ | 1,543 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | (41) | $ | 1,502 | 4.2 | % | $ | 959 | $ | — | $ | 11 | $ | (2) | $ | 968 | 2.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Other | 426 | — | — | (36) | 390 | 1.1 | % | 166 | — | 2 | (1) | 167 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CLO | 3,027 | — | 2 | (110) | 2,919 | 8.2 | % | 3,019 | — | 8 | (2) | 3,025 | 7.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities ("CMBS") | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agency [1] | 1,277 | (7) | 15 | (107) | 1,178 | 3.3 | % | 1,390 | — | 75 | (5) | 1,460 | 3.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bonds | 2,128 | — | 2 | (215) | 1,915 | 5.4 | % | 2,327 | — | 92 | (9) | 2,410 | 5.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest only | 196 | — | 5 | (16) | 185 | 0.5 | % | 238 | — | 12 | (1) | 249 | 0.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Corporate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Basic industry | 783 | (2) | — | (84) | 697 | 1.9 | % | 761 | — | 34 | (5) | 790 | 1.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Capital goods | 1,371 | — | 1 | (141) | 1,231 | 3.4 | % | 1,442 | — | 84 | (9) | 1,517 | 3.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer cyclical | 1,115 | — | — | (123) | 992 | 2.8 | % | 1,161 | (1) | 50 | (5) | 1,205 | 2.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consumer non-cyclical | 2,039 | — | 2 | (228) | 1,813 | 5.1 | % | 2,473 | — | 134 | (8) | 2,599 | 6.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Energy | 1,247 | (1) | 3 | (131) | 1,118 | 3.1 | % | 1,405 | — | 99 | (2) | 1,502 | 3.5 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Financial services | 4,840 | — | — | (518) | 4,322 | 12.1 | % | 4,648 | — | 214 | (20) | 4,842 | 11.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tech./comm. | 2,289 | (1) | 2 | (296) | 1,994 | 5.6 | % | 2,658 | — | 216 | (11) | 2,863 | 6.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transportation | 715 | — | — | (89) | 626 | 1.8 | % | 744 | — | 43 | (3) | 784 | 1.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Utilities | 1,895 | (4) | 1 | (246) | 1,646 | 4.6 | % | 1,917 | — | 141 | (8) | 2,050 | 4.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other | 505 | — | — | (56) | 449 | 1.3 | % | 535 | — | 23 | (3) | 555 | 1.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Foreign govt./govt. agencies | 655 | — | — | (71) | 584 | 1.6 | % | 883 | — | 33 | (6) | 910 | 2.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Municipal bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxable | 1,027 | — | — | (152) | 875 | 2.4 | % | 1,079 | — | 83 | (2) | 1,160 | 2.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax-exempt | 5,812 | — | 55 | (545) | 5,322 | 14.9 | % | 6,394 | — | 704 | (1) | 7,097 | 16.6 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities ("RMBS") | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agency | 1,818 | — | 1 | (214) | 1,605 | 4.5 | % | 1,337 | — | 44 | (11) | 1,370 | 3.2 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-agency | 2,315 | — | — | (282) | 2,033 | 5.7 | % | 2,101 | — | 11 | (16) | 2,096 | 4.9 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alt-A | 8 | — | — | — | 8 | — | % | 12 | — | 1 | — | 13 | — | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub-prime | 77 | — | 1 | — | 78 | 0.2 | % | 160 | — | 4 | — | 164 | 0.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| U.S. Treasuries | 2,479 | — | 1 | (245) | 2,235 | 6.3 | % | 2,979 | — | 86 | (14) | 3,051 | 7.1 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total fixed maturities, AFS | $ | 39,587 | $ | (15) | $ | 91 | $ | (3,946) | $ | 35,717 | 100.0 | % | $ | 40,788 | $ | (1) | $ | 2,204 | $ | (144) | $ | 42,847 | 100.0 | % | |||||||||||||||||
| Fixed maturities, FVO | $ | 335 | $ | 160 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
*[1]*Includes securities with pools of loans issued by the Small Business Administration which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
The fair value of fixed maturities, AFS decreased as compared with December 31, 2021, primarily due to higher interest rates and wider credit spreads. The decline was also due to the reinvestment of sales and maturities into other asset classes.
The Company primarily decreased holdings of consumer non-cyclical and technology/communication corporate bonds, tax-exempt municipal bonds, U.S. treasuries, and CMBS while primarily increasing holdings in agency and non-agency RMBS and consumer loans.
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| Table of Contents | Index to MD&A |
Part I - Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
Commercial & Residential Real Estate
The following table presents the Company’s exposure to CMBS and RMBS by credit quality included in the preceding Fixed Maturities, AFS by Type table.
| Exposure to CMBS & RMBS Bonds as of September 30, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AAA | AA | A | BBB | BB and Below | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CMBS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agency [1] | $ | 1,274 | $ | 1,175 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,277 | $ | 1,178 | ||||||||||||||
| Bonds | 788 | 719 | 554 | 493 | 424 | 379 | 137 | 118 | 225 | 206 | 2,128 | 1,915 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Only | 110 | 104 | 76 | 72 | — | — | 9 | 8 | 1 | 1 | 196 | 185 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total CMBS | 2,172 | 1,998 | 633 | 568 | 424 | 379 | 146 | 126 | 226 | 207 | 3,601 | 3,278 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RMBS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agency | 1,798 | 1,586 | 20 | 19 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,818 | 1,605 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Agency | 1,183 | 1,063 | 516 | 448 | 359 | 302 | 236 | 203 | 21 | 17 | 2,315 | 2,033 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alt-A | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1 | 1 | 7 | 7 | 8 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub-Prime | 4 | 4 | 23 | 24 | 15 | 15 | 8 | 8 | 27 | 27 | 77 | 78 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total RMBS | 2,985 | 2,653 | 559 | 491 | 374 | 317 | 245 | 212 | 55 | 51 | 4,218 | 3,724 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total CMBS & RMBS | $ | 5,157 | $ | 4,651 | $ | 1,192 | $ | 1,059 | $ | 798 | $ | 696 | $ | 391 | $ | 338 | $ | 281 | $ | 258 | $ | 7,819 | $ | 7,002 |
| Exposure to CMBS & RMBS Bonds as of December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| AAA | AA | A | BBB | BB and Below | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CMBS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agency [1] | $ | 1,380 | $ | 1,450 | $ | 10 | $ | 10 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,390 | $ | 1,460 | ||||||||||||||
| Bonds | 950 | 995 | 571 | 593 | 439 | 453 | 182 | 186 | 185 | 183 | 2,327 | 2,410 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest Only | 134 | 141 | 92 | 96 | 1 | 1 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 1 | 238 | 249 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total CMBS | 2,464 | 2,586 | 673 | 699 | 440 | 454 | 192 | 196 | 186 | 184 | 3,955 | 4,119 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| RMBS | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Agency | 1,315 | 1,347 | 22 | 23 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,337 | 1,370 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Agency | 840 | 845 | 554 | 552 | 477 | 473 | 199 | 196 | 31 | 30 | 2,101 | 2,096 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alt-A | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 12 | 13 | 12 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sub-Prime | 6 | 7 | 34 | 35 | 47 | 48 | 24 | 24 | 49 | 50 | 160 | 164 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total RMBS | 2,161 | 2,199 | 610 | 610 | 524 | 521 | 223 | 220 | 92 | 93 | 3,610 | 3,643 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total CMBS & RMBS | $ | 4,625 | $ | 4,785 | $ | 1,283 | $ | 1,309 | $ | 964 | $ | 975 | $ | 415 | $ | 416 | $ | 278 | $ | 277 | $ | 7,565 | $ | 7,762 |
*[1]*Includes securities with pools of loans issued by the Small Business Administration which are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
The Company also has exposure to commercial mortgage loans. These loans are collateralized by real estate properties that are diversified both geographically throughout the United States and by property type. These commercial loans are originated by the Company as high quality whole loans, and the Company may sell participation interests in one or more loans to third parties. A loan participation interest represents a pro-rata share in interest and principal payments generated by the participated loan, and the relationship between the Company as loan originator, lead participant and servicer and the third party as a participant are governed by a participation agreement.
As of September 30, 2022, mortgage loans had an amortized cost of $6.0 billion and carrying value of $5.9 billion, with an ACL of $36. As of December 31, 2021, mortgage loans had an amortized cost of $5.4 billion and carrying value of $5.4 billion, with an ACL of $29. The increase in the allowance for the nine month period was primarily attributable to the deteriorating economic conditions and the potential impact on real estate property valuations, and to a lesser extent, net additions of new loans.
The Company funded $806 of commercial mortgage loans with a weighted average loan-to-value (“LTV”) ratio of 56% and a
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| Table of Contents | Index to MD&A |
Part I - Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
weighted average yield of 3.3% during the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The Company continues to originate commercial mortgage loans in high growth markets across the country focusing primarily on institutional-quality multi-family and industrial properties with strong LTV ratios. There were no mortgage loans held for sale as of September 30, 2022, or December 31, 2021.
Municipal Bonds
The following table presents the Company's exposure to municipal bonds by type and weighted average credit quality included in the preceding Securities by Type table.
| Available For Sale Investments in Municipal Bonds | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Weighted Average Credit Quality | Amortized Cost | Fair Value | Weighted Average Credit Quality | ||||||||||||||||||
| General Obligation | $ | 873 | $ | 817 | AA+ | $ | 910 | $ | 1,031 | AA+ | |||||||||||||
| Pre-refunded [1] | 309 | 315 | AAA | 487 | 519 | AAA | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transportation | 1,451 | 1,310 | A+ | 1,404 | 1,579 | A+ | |||||||||||||||||
| Health Care | 1,161 | 994 | A+ | 1,274 | 1,397 | A+ | |||||||||||||||||
| Leasing [2] | 723 | 647 | AA- | 813 | 874 | AA- | |||||||||||||||||
| Education | 593 | 541 | AA | 670 | 748 | AA | |||||||||||||||||
| Water & Sewer | 414 | 377 | AA | 504 | 538 | AA | |||||||||||||||||
| Sales Tax | 316 | 294 | AA | 370 | 436 | AA | |||||||||||||||||
| Power | 277 | 258 | A | 317 | 357 | A+ | |||||||||||||||||
| Housing | 74 | 61 | AA- | 98 | 103 | AA | |||||||||||||||||
| Other | 648 | 583 | AA- | 626 | 675 | AA- | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Revenue | 5,657 | 5,065 | AA- | 6,076 | 6,707 | AA- | |||||||||||||||||
| Total Municipal | $ | 6,839 | $ | 6,197 | AA- | $ | 7,473 | $ | 8,257 | AA- |
*[1]*Pre-refunded bonds are bonds for which an irrevocable trust containing sufficient U.S. treasury, agency, or other securities has been established to fund the remaining payments of principal and interest.
*[2]*Leasing revenue bonds are generally the obligations of a financing authority established by the municipality that leases facilities back to a municipality. The notes are typically secured by lease payments made by the municipality that is leasing the facilities financed by the issue. Lease payments may be subject to annual appropriation by the municipality, or the municipality may be obligated to appropriate general tax revenues to make lease payments.
As of September 30, 2022, the largest issuer concentrations were the Grand Parkway Transportation Corporation of Texas, the New York City Transitional Finance Authority, and the New York City Municipal Water Finance Authority, which each comprised less than 2% of the municipal bond portfolio and were primarily comprised of general obligation and revenue bonds. As of December 31, 2021, the largest issuer concentrations were the New York State Dormitory Authority, the Pennsylvania State Turnpike Commission, and the State of California, which each comprised less than 3% of the municipal bond portfolio and were primarily comprised of general obligation and revenue bonds. In total, municipal bonds make up 12% of the fair value of the Company's investment portfolio.
Limited Partnerships and Other Alternative Investments
The following table presents the Company’s investments in limited partnerships and other alternative investments which
include real estate funds, private equity funds, and hedge funds and other funds as well as other alternative investments.
Real estate funds consist of investments primarily in real estate joint ventures and, to a lesser extent, equity funds. Private equity funds primarily consist of investments in funds whose assets typically consist of a diversified pool of investments in small to mid-sized non-public businesses with high growth potential and strong owner sponsorship, as well as limited exposure to public markets.
Income or losses on investments in limited partnerships and other alternative investments are recognized on a lag as results from private equity investments and other funds are generally reported on a three-month delay.
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| Table of Contents | Index to MD&A |
Part I - Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
| Limited Partnerships and Other Alternative Investments - Net Investment Income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended September 30, | Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Amount | Yield [1] | Amount | Yield [1] | Amount | Yield [1] | Amount | Yield [1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Real estate funds | $ | 47 | 11.3 | % | $ | 85 | 39.3 | % | $ | 186 | 17.1 | % | $ | 111 | 20.4 | % | |||||||||||||||||||
| Private equity funds | 28 | 7.6 | % | 144 | 53.0 | % | 159 | 16.4 | % | 358 | 52.8 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hedge funds and other funds | 4 | 5.2 | % | 7 | 15.6 | % | 17 | 7.7 | % | 26 | 19.7 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other alternative investments [2] | (17) | (13.0 | %) | 23 | 19.4 | % | (16) | (4.1 | %) | 67 | 21.3 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 62 | 6.3 | % | $ | 259 | 39.6 | % | $ | 346 | 13.0 | % | $ | 562 | 33.7 | % |
[1]Yields calculated using annualized net investment income divided by the monthly average invested assets.
[2]Consists of an insurer-owned life insurance policy which is primarily invested in private equity, fixed income, hedge funds and public equity.
| Investments in Limited Partnerships and Other Alternative Investments | |||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||
| Amount | Percent | Amount | Percent | ||||||||||||||
| Real estate funds | $ | 1,781 | 43.3 | % | $ | 1,315 | 39.2 | % | |||||||||
| Private equity funds | 1,478 | 36.0 | % | 1,256 | 37.5 | % | |||||||||||
| Hedge funds and other funds | 357 | 8.7 | % | 274 | 8.2 | % | |||||||||||
| Other alternative investments [1] | 492 | 12.0 | % | 508 | 15.1 | % | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 4,108 | 100.0 | % | $ | 3,353 | 100.0 | % |
[1]Consists of an insurer-owned life insurance policy which is primarily invested in private equity, fixed income, hedge funds and public equity.
Fixed Maturities, AFS — Unrealized Loss Aging
The total gross unrealized losses were $3.9 billion as of September 30, 2022, and have increased $3.8 billion from December 31, 2021, primarily due to higher interest rates and wider credit spreads. As of September 30, 2022, $2.6 billion of the gross unrealized losses were associated with fixed maturities, AFS depressed less than 20% of amortized cost. The remaining $1.3 billion of gross unrealized losses were associated with fixed maturities, AFS depressed greater than 20%. The fixed maturities, AFS depressed more than 20% primarily related to corporate fixed maturities and municipal bonds that are mainly depressed because current interest rates are higher and market spreads are wider than at the respective purchase dates.
As part of the Company’s ongoing investment monitoring process, the Company has reviewed its fixed maturities, AFS in an unrealized loss position and concluded that these fixed maturities are temporarily depressed and are expected to recover in value as the investments approach maturity or as market spreads tighten. For these fixed maturities in an unrealized loss position where an ACL has not been recorded, the Company’s best estimate of expected future cash flows are sufficient to recover the amortized cost basis of the investment. Furthermore, the Company neither has an intention to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell these investments. For further information regarding the Company’s ACL analysis, see the Credit Losses on Fixed Maturities, AFS and Intent-to-Sell Impairments section below.
| Unrealized Loss Aging for Fixed Maturities, AFS Securities | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consecutive Months | Items | Amortized Cost | ACL | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | Items | Amortized Cost | ACL | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months or less | 1,021 | $ | 7,581 | $ | — | $ | (338) | $ | 7,243 | 640 | $ | 6,193 | $ | — | $ | (32) | $ | 6,161 | |||||||||||||||||
| Greater than three to six months | 1,081 | 7,948 | — | (693) | 7,255 | 404 | 3,249 | — | (55) | 3,194 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Greater than six to nine months | 1,917 | 13,273 | (4) | (1,699) | 11,570 | 101 | 571 | — | (5) | 566 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Greater than nine to eleven months | 528 | 3,855 | — | (494) | 3,361 | 171 | 1,041 | — | (29) | 1,012 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Twelve months or more | 695 | 4,667 | (3) | (722) | 3,942 | 184 | 631 | — | (23) | 608 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 5,242 | $ | 37,324 | $ | (7) | $ | (3,946) | $ | 33,371 | 1,500 | $ | 11,685 | $ | — | $ | (144) | $ | 11,541 |
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| Table of Contents | Index to MD&A |
Part I - Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
| Unrealized Loss Aging for Fixed Maturities, AFS Continuously Depressed Over 20% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Consecutive Months | Items | Amortized Cost | ACL | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | Items | Amortized Cost | ACL | Unrealized Loss | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Three months or less | 494 | $ | 4,262 | $ | — | $ | (1,008) | $ | 3,254 | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Greater than three to six months | 103 | 820 | — | (279) | 541 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Greater than six to nine months | 8 | 35 | — | (16) | 19 | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Twelve months or more | 16 | 5 | — | (2) | 3 | 20 | 5 | — | (3) | 2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 621 | $ | 5,122 | $ | — | $ | (1,305) | $ | 3,817 | 20 | $ | 5 | $ | — | $ | (3) | $ | 2 |
Credit Losses on Fixed Maturities, AFS and Intent-to-Sell Impairments
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2022
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded net credit losses of $3 and $15, respectively. The net credit losses were primarily attributable to increases in the allowance for credit losses of $6 and $7, respectively, on CMBS where projected cash flows are lower due to faster prepayments on underlying loans, and $2 and $4, respectively, related to a private corporate utilities issuer. The increases for both periods were partially offset by reversals of the ACL primarily on issuers with exposure to Russia, due to increases in fair market value and one issuer that has since been recognized as an intent-to-sell impairment. Unrealized losses on securities with an ACL recognized in other comprehensive income were $6 for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022. For further information, refer to Note 5 - Investments of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Intent-to-sell impairments were $2 and $5 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively, related to an issuer with exposure to Russia that had an ACL in prior periods and, for the nine month period, one corporate issuer in the financial services sector.
The Company incorporates its best estimate of future performance using internal assumptions and judgments that are informed by economic and industry specific trends, as well as our expectations with respect to security specific developments.
Future intent-to-sell impairments or credit losses may develop as the result of changes in our intent to sell specific securities that are in an unrealized loss position or if modeling assumptions, such as macroeconomic factors or security specific developments, change unfavorably from our current modeling assumptions, resulting in lower cash flow expectations.
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2021
There were no changes to the ACL for the three months ended September 30, 2021. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded a net decrease in the ACL of $4, driven by increases in the fair value of corporate issuers that had an ACL in prior periods, partially offset by new expected credit losses on a media/entertainment company. Unrealized
losses on securities with an ACL recognized in other comprehensive income were less than $1 for both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
There were no intent-to-sell impairments in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021.
ACL on Mortgage Loans
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2022
The Company reviews mortgage loans on a quarterly basis to estimate the ACL with changes in the ACL recorded in net realized gains and losses. Apart from an ACL recorded on individual mortgage loans where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, the Company records an ACL on the pool of mortgage loans based on lifetime expected credit losses. For further information, refer to Note 5 - Investments of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recorded an increase in the ACL on mortgage loans of $0 and $7, respectively. The increase in the allowance for the nine month period was primarily attributable to the deteriorating economic conditions and the potential impact on real estate property valuations, and to a lesser extent, net additions of new loans. The Company did not record an ACL on any individual mortgage loans.
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2021
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company recorded an increase (decrease) in the ACL on mortgage loans of $2 and ($12), respectively. The increase in the allowance for the three months ended September 30, 2021, was driven by net additions of new loans. The decrease in the allowance for the nine months ended September 30, 2021, was primarily the result of improved economic scenarios, partially offset by an increase driven by net additions of new loans. The Company did not record an ACL on any individual mortgage loans.
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| Table of Contents | Index to MD&A |
Part I - Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
The following section discusses the overall financial strength of The Hartford and its insurance operations including their ability to generate cash flows from each of their business segments, borrow funds at competitive rates and raise new capital to meet operating and growth needs.
|SUMMARY OF CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
Capital available to the holding company as of September 30, 2022:
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$1.1 billion in fixed maturities, short-term investments, investment sales receivable and cash at The HFSG Holding Company.
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A senior unsecured revolving credit facility that provides for borrowing capacity up to $750 of unsecured credit through October 27, 2026. As of September 30, 2022, there were no borrowings outstanding; and
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An intercompany liquidity agreement that allows for short-term advances of funds among the HFSG Holding Company and certain affiliates of up to $2.0 billion for liquidity and other general corporate purposes. As of September 30, 2022, there were no borrowings outstanding.
2022 expected dividends and other sources of capital:
The future payment of dividends from our subsidiaries is dependent on several factors including the business results, capital position and liquidity of our subsidiaries.
-
P&C -** The Company's U.S. property and casualty insurance subsidiaries have dividend capacity of $2.0 billion for 2022, with approximately $1.5 billion of net dividends expected in 2022, including $1.1 billion paid to HFSG Holding Company through September 30, 2022.
-
Group Benefits -** Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Company ("HLA") has dividend capacity of $241 in 2022 with approximately $240 of dividends expected in 2022, including $165 paid to HFSG Holding Company through September 30, 2022.
-
Hartford Funds** - HFSG Holding Company expects to receive approximately $160 in dividends from Hartford Funds in 2022, including $120 received through September 30, 2022.
Expected liquidity requirements for the next twelve months as of September 30, 2022:
- $194 of interest on debt, including, for the 3-month London Inter-Bank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") plus 2.125% Notes due
2067, interest at a rate of 4.39% given the 10-year interest rate swap agreement the Company entered into in April 2017;
-
$21 dividends on preferred stock, subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors; and
-
$540 of common stockholders' dividends, subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors and before share repurchases.
Expected liquidity requirements for beyond the next twelve months as of September 30, 2022:
-
Interest on debt and debt repayments, see Note 14 - Debt of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in The Hartford's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report
-
Preferred stock and common stock dividends, subject to the discretion of the Board of Directors.
Equity repurchase program:
During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 17 million common shares for $1.2 billion under the $3.0 billion share repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors, effective through December 31, 2022. In addition to this authorization, in July 2022, the Board of Directors approved a share repurchase authorization for up to $3.0 billion effective from August 1, 2022 to December 31, 2024. While the Company anticipates using a portion of the new authorization over the remainder of 2022, it expects to use the vast majority of the new authorization in 2023 and 2024. As of September 30, 2022, the Company has $3.1 billion remaining for equity repurchases under both these share repurchase programs. During the period October 1, 2022 through October 26, 2022, the Company repurchased approximately 1.5 million common shares for $98.
The timing of any repurchases is dependent on several factors, including the market price of the Company's securities, the Company's capital position, consideration of the effect of any repurchases on the Company's financial strength or credit ratings, the Company's blackout periods, and other considerations.
|LIQUIDITY REQUIREMENTS AND SOURCES OF CAPITAL
**The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. ("**HFSG Holding Company")
The liquidity requirements of the holding company of The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. will primarily be met by HFSG Holding Company's fixed maturities; short-term investments and cash; and dividends from its subsidiaries,
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principally its insurance operations. The Company maintains sufficient liquidity and has a variety of contingent liquidity resources to manage liquidity across a range of economic scenarios.
The HFSG Holding Company expects to continue to receive dividends from its operating subsidiaries in the future and manages capital in its operating subsidiaries to be sufficient under significant economic stress scenarios. Dividends from subsidiaries and other sources of funds at the holding company may be used to repurchase shares under the authorized share repurchase program at the discretion of management.
Under significant economic stress scenarios, the Company has the ability to meet short-term cash requirements, if needed, by borrowing under its revolving credit facility or by having its insurance subsidiaries take collateralized advances under a facility with the FHLBB. The Company could also choose to have its insurance subsidiaries sell certain highly liquid, high quality fixed maturities or the Company could issue debt in the public markets under its shelf registration.
Debt
On April 15, 2022, The Hartford redeemed at par $600 aggregate principal amount of its 7.875% junior subordinated debentures due 2042 and recognized, in insurance operating costs and other expenses, a loss on extinguishment of debt of $9, before tax, for unamortized debt issuance costs.
|DIVIDENDS
The Hartford's Board of Directors declared the following quarterly dividends since July 1, 2022:
Common Stock Dividends
| Declared | Record | Payable | Amount per share | ||||||||
| July 20, 2022 | September 1, 2022 | October 4, 2022 | $ | 0.385 | |||||||
| October 27, 2022 | December 1, 2022 | January 4, 2023 | $ | 0.425 |
Preferred Stock Dividends
| Declared | Record | Payable | Amount per share | ||||||||
| July 20, 2022 | November 1, 2022 | November 15, 2022 | $ | 375.00 | |||||||
There are no current restrictions on the HFSG Holding Company's ability to pay dividends to its stockholders.
For a discussion of restrictions on dividends to the HFSG Holding Company from its insurance subsidiaries, see the following "Dividends from Subsidiaries" discussion. For a discussion of potential restrictions on the HFSG Holding Company's ability to pay dividends, see the risk factor "Our ability to declare and pay dividends is subject to limitations" in Item 1A of Part I of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
|DIVIDENDS FROM SUBSIDIARIES
Dividends to HFSG Holding Company from its insurance subsidiaries are restricted by insurance regulation. The Company’s principal insurance subsidiaries are domiciled in the United States and the United Kingdom.
The payment of dividends by Connecticut-domiciled insurers is limited under the insurance holding company laws of Connecticut. These laws require notice to and approval by the state insurance commissioner for the declaration or payment of any dividend, which, together with other dividends or distributions made within the preceding twelve months, exceeds the greater of (i) 10% of the insurer’s statutory policyholder surplus as of December 31 of the preceding year or (ii) net income (or net gain from operations, if such company is a life insurance company) for the preceding year, in each case determined under statutory insurance accounting principles. In addition, if any dividend of a Connecticut-domiciled insurer exceeds the insurer’s earned surplus, it requires the prior approval of the Connecticut Insurance Commissioner.
Property casualty insurers domiciled in New York, including Navigators Insurance Company ("NIC") and Navigators Specialty Insurance Company ("NSIC"), generally may not, without notice to and approval by the state insurance commissioner, pay dividends out of earned surplus in any twelve-month period that exceeds the lesser of (i) 10% of the insurer’s statutory policyholders’ surplus as of the most recent financial statement on file, or (ii) 100% of its adjusted net investment income, as defined, for the same twelve month period.
The insurance holding company laws of the other jurisdictions in which The Hartford’s insurance subsidiaries are incorporated (or deemed commercially domiciled) generally contain similar (although in certain instances more restrictive) limitations on the payment of dividends. In addition to statutory limitations on paying dividends, the Company also takes other items into consideration when determining dividends from subsidiaries. These considerations include, but are not limited to, expected earnings and capitalization of the subsidiaries, regulatory capital requirements and liquidity requirements of the individual operating company.
Corporate members of Lloyd's syndicates may pay dividends to its parent to the extent of available profits that have been distributed from the syndicate in excess of the Funds at Lloyd's ("FAL") capital requirement and subject to restrictions imposed under UK Company Law. The FAL is determined based on the syndicate’s solvency capital requirement ("SCR") under the Solvency II capital adequacy model, the current regulatory framework governing UK domiciled insurers, plus a Lloyd’s specific economic capital assessment.
Insurers domiciled in the United Kingdom may pay dividends to their parent out of their statutory profits subject to restrictions imposed under U.K. Company law and Solvency II.
Through the first nine months of 2022, HFSG Holding Company received $1.4 billion of net dividends from its subsidiaries,
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including $165 from HLA, $120 from Hartford Funds and $1.1 billion from its U.S. P&C subsidiaries, excluding $195 of P&C dividends that were subsequently contributed to P&C subsidiaries and $36 of P&C dividends related to interest payments on an intercompany note owed by Hartford Holdings, Inc. ("HHI") to Hartford Fire Insurance Company.
Over the remainder of 2022, the Company anticipates receiving approximately $0.4 billion of net dividends from its U.S. P&C subsidiaries, approximately $75 of dividends from HLA and approximately $40 of dividends from Hartford Funds.
|OTHER SOURCES OF CAPITAL FOR THE HFSG HOLDING COMPANY
The Hartford endeavors to maintain a capital structure that provides financial and operational flexibility to its insurance subsidiaries, ratings that support its competitive position in the financial services marketplace (see the "Ratings" section below for further discussion), and stockholder returns. As a result, the Company may from time to time raise capital from the issuance of debt, common equity, preferred stock, equity-related debt or other capital securities and is continuously evaluating strategic opportunities. The issuance of debt, common equity, equity-related debt or other capital securities could result in the dilution of stockholder interests or reduced net income to common stockholders due to additional interest expense or preferred stock dividends.
Shelf Registrations
The Hartford filed an automatic shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange Commission ("the SEC") on February 22, 2022 that permits it to offer and sell debt and equity securities during the three-year life of the registration statement.
For further information regarding Shelf Registrations, see Note Note 11 - Debt of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Revolving Credit Facility
The Hartford has a senior unsecured revolving credit facility (the "Credit Facility") that provides up to $750 of unsecured credit through October 27, 2026. As of September 30, 2022, no borrowings were outstanding and no letters of credit were issued under the Credit Facility and The Hartford was in compliance with all financial covenants. For further information regarding the Credit Facility, see Note 14 - Debt of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Intercompany Liquidity Agreements
The Company has $2.0 billion available under an intercompany liquidity agreement that allows for short-term advances of funds among the HFSG Holding Company and certain affiliates of up to $2.0 billion for liquidity and other general corporate purposes. The Connecticut Department of Insurance ("CTDOI") granted approval for certain affiliated insurance companies that are parties to the agreement to treat receivables from a parent, including the HFSG Holding Company, as admitted assets for statutory accounting purposes.
As of September 30, 2022 there were no amounts outstanding at the HFSG Holding Company.
Collateralized Advances with Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston
The Company’s subsidiaries, Hartford Fire Insurance Company (“Hartford Fire”) and Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Company (“HLA”), are members of the FHLBB. Membership allows these subsidiaries access to collateralized advances, which may be short- or long-term with fixed or variable rates. Advances may be used to support general corporate purposes, which would be presented as short- or long-term debt, or to earn incremental investment income, which would be presented in other liabilities consistent with other collateralized financing transactions. As of September 30, 2022, there were no advances outstanding.
For further information regarding collateralized advances with FHLBB, see Note 14 - Debt of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report.
Lloyd's Letter of Credit Facilities
The Hartford has entered into a committed credit facility agreement with a syndicate of lenders (the "Club Facility") as well as a non-committed $25 credit facility with a lender (the "Bilateral Facility"). The Club Facility has two tranches with one tranche extending a $104 commitment and the other tranche extending a £85 million ($95 as of September 30, 2022) commitment. As of September 30, 2022, letters of credit with an aggregate face amount of $104 and £65 million, or $73, were outstanding under the Club Facility and no letters of credit were outstanding under the Bilateral Facility.
Among other covenants, the Club Facility and Bilateral Facility contain financial covenants regarding The Hartford's consolidated net worth and financial leverage and that limit the amount of letters of credit that can support Funds and Lloyd's, consistent with Lloyd's requirements. As of September 30, 2022, The Hartford was in compliance with all financial covenants of both facilities.
For further information regarding the Club Facility and the Bilateral Facility, see Note 14 - Debt of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report.
|PENSION PLANS AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS
The Company does not have a 2022 required minimum funding contribution for the U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plan and the funding requirements for all pension plans are expected to be immaterial. Based on the funded status of the U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plan, the Company does not anticipate contributing to the plan in 2022. For further discussion of pension and other postretirement benefit obligations, see Note 16 - Employee Benefit Plans of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
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|DERIVATIVE COMMITMENTS
Certain of the Company’s derivative agreements contain provisions that are tied to the financial strength ratings, as set by nationally recognized statistical rating agencies, of the individual legal entity that entered into the derivative agreement. If the legal entity’s financial strength were to fall below certain ratings, the counterparties to the derivative agreements could terminate agreements and demand immediate settlement of the outstanding net derivative positions transacted under each agreement. For further information, refer to Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
As of September 30, 2022, no derivative positions would be subject to immediate termination in the event of a downgrade of one level below the current financial strength ratings. This could change as a result of changes in our hedging activities or to the extent changes in contractual terms are negotiated.
|INSURANCE OPERATIONS
While subject to variability period to period, underwriting and investment cash flows continue to provide sufficient liquidity to meet anticipated demands. The principal sources of operating funds are premiums, fees earned from insurance and administrative service agreements, and investment income, while investing cash flows primarily originate from maturities and sales of invested assets.
The Company’s insurance operations consist of property and casualty insurance products (collectively referred to as “Property & Casualty Operations”) and Group Benefits.
The Company's insurance operations hold fixed maturity securities including a significant short-term investment position (securities with maturities of one year or less at the time of purchase) to meet liquidity needs. Liquidity requirements that are unable to be funded by the Company's insurance operations' short-term investments would be satisfied with current operating funds, including premiums or investing cash flows, which includes proceeds received through the sale of invested assets. A sale of invested assets could result in significant realized losses.
The following tables represent the fixed maturity holdings, including the aforementioned cash and short-term investments available to meet liquidity needs, for each of the Company’s insurance operations.
| Property & Casualty | |||||
| As of September 30, 2022 | |||||
| Fixed maturities | $ | 27,974 | |||
| Short-term investments | 1,330 | ||||
| Cash | 148 | ||||
| Less: Derivative collateral | 84 | ||||
| Total | $ | 29,368 |
Property & Casualty operations invested assets also include $1.1 billion in equity securities, $4.3 billion in mortgage loans and $3.3 billion in limited partnerships and other alternative investments.
| Group Benefits Operations | |||||
| As of September 30, 2022 | |||||
| Fixed maturities | $ | 7,811 | |||
| Short-term investments | 224 | ||||
| Cash | 13 | ||||
| Less: Derivative collateral | 25 | ||||
| Total | $ | 8,023 |
Group Benefits operations invested assets also include $291 in equity securities, $1.6 billion in mortgage loans and $855 in limited partnerships and other alternative investments.
The primary uses of funds are to pay claims, claim adjustment expenses, commissions and other underwriting and insurance operating costs, to pay taxes, to purchase new investments and to make dividend payments to the HFSG Holding Company.
Property & Casualty reserves for unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses as of September 30, 2022 were $32.5 billion. Reserves for Property & Casualty unpaid losses and loss adjustment expenses include case reserves and incurred but not reported ("IBNR"). The ultimate amount to be paid to settle both case reserves and IBNR is an estimate, subject to significant uncertainty. The actual amount to be paid is not finally determined until the Company reaches a settlement with the claimant. Final claim settlements may vary significantly from the present estimates, particularly since many claims will not be settled until well into the future. For a discussion of The Hartford’s judgment in estimating reserves for Property & Casualty see Part II, Item 7, MD&A - Critical Accounting Estimates, Property & Casualty Insurance Product Reserves in the Company's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report, and for historical payments by reserve line net of reinsurance, see Note 12, Reserve for Unpaid Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report. The timing of future payments for the next twelve months and for beyond twelve months could vary materially from historical payment patterns due to, among other things, changes in claim reporting and payment patterns and large unanticipated settlements. In particular, there is significant uncertainty over the claim payment patterns of asbestos and environmental claims.
Group Benefits reserves as of September 30, 2022 were $8.9 billion. Group life and disability obligations are estimated using assumptions based on the Company’s historical experience, modified for recent observed trends. For a discussion of The Hartford’s judgment in estimating reserves for Group Benefits see Part II, Item 7, MD&A - Critical Accounting Estimates, Group Benefit Reserves, Net of Reinsurance, in the Company’s 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report. For additional information about future policy benefits, see Note 10 Reserve for Future Policy Benefits of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and for historical payments by reserve line, net of reinsurance, see Note 12, Reserve for Unpaid Losses and Loss Adjustment Expenses of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in the Company's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report. Due to the significance of the assumptions used, payments for the next twelve months and beyond twelve months could materially differ from historical patterns.
Corporate includes reserves of $428 as of September 30, 2022 related to retained run-off liabilities of its former life and annuity business. For additional information about future policy benefits,
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see Note 10 - Reserve for Future Policy Benefits of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Hartford Funds
Hartford Funds principal sources of operating funds are fees earned from basis points on assets under management with uses primarily for payments to subadvisors and other general operating expenses. As of September 30, 2022, Hartford Funds cash and short-term investments were $217.
|PURCHASE AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS
The Hartford’s unfunded commitments to purchase investments in limited partnerships and other alternative investments, private placements, and mortgage loans are disclosed in Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in The Hartford's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report. It is anticipated that these unfunded commitments will be funded through the Company’s normal operating and investing activities.
In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contractual commitments to purchase various goods and services such as maintenance, human resources, and information technology. The Company’s operating lease commitments are disclosed in Note 21 - Leases of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in The Hartford's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report. It is anticipated that these purchase commitments and operating lease obligations will be funded through the Company’s normal operating and investing activities.
|CAPITALIZATION
| Capital Structure | |||||||||||
| September 30, 2022 | December 31, 2021 | Change | |||||||||
| Long-term debt | $ | 4,356 | $ | 4,944 | (12 | %) | |||||
| Total debt | 4,356 | 4,944 | (12 | %) | |||||||
| Common stockholders' equity excluding AOCI, net of tax | 17,035 | 17,337 | (2 | %) | |||||||
| Preferred stock | 334 | 334 | — | % | |||||||
| AOCI, net of tax | (4,414) | 172 | NM | ||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 12,955 | 17,843 | (27 | %) | |||||||
| Total capitalization | $ | 17,311 | $ | 22,787 | (24 | %) | |||||
| Debt to stockholders’ equity | 34 | % | 28 | % | |||||||
| Debt to capitalization | 25 | % | 22 | % |
Total capitalization decreased $5,476 as of September 30, 2022 compared to December 31, 2021 primarily due to an increase in net unrealized losses on fixed maturities, AFS, share repurchases, and the Company's redemption of its 7.875% junior subordinated debentures, partially offset by net income in excess of common stockholder dividends in the period.
For additional information on AOCI, net of tax, including net unrealized gain (losses) from securities, see Note 15 - Changes In and Reclassifications From Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) and Note 5 - Investments of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. For additional information on debt, see Note 11 - Debt of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and Note 14 - Debt of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statement in The Hartford's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report.
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|CASH FLOW[1]
| Nine Months Ended September 30, | ||||||||
| 2022 | 2021 | |||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | $ | 2,924 | $ | 2,889 | ||||
| Net cash used for investing activities | $ | (705) | $ | (1,748) | ||||
| Net cash used for financing activities | $ | (2,253) | $ | (963) | ||||
| Cash and restricted cash– end of period | $ | 285 | $ | 397 |
*[1]*Cash activities in 2021 include cash flows related to Continental Europe Operations that was sold on December 29, 2021. See Note 22 - Business Dispositions of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartford's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report for discussion of this transaction.
Cash provided by operating activities slightly increased in 2022 as compared to the prior year period primarily driven by an increase in P&C and Group Benefits premiums received and lower integration and restructuring costs, mostly offset by an increase in P&C and Group Benefits loss and loss adjustment expenses paid, and higher operating expenses, including increased commissions and staffing costs.
Cash used for investing activities decreased in 2022 as compared to the prior year period as a result of a change from net payments for to net proceeds from short term investments, a decrease in net payments for equity securities and an increase in proceeds from derivatives, partially offset by a change from net proceeds from to net payments for fixed maturities as well as an increase in net payments for partnerships.
Cash used for financing activities increased primarily due to the redemption of $600 of 7.875% junior subordinated debentures in the second quarter of 2022, as well as proceeds from the issuance of debt in the third quarter of 2021.
Operating cash flow for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 has been adequate to meet liquidity requirements.
|EQUITY MARKETS
For a discussion of the potential impact of the equity markets on capital and liquidity, see the Financial Risk section in this MD&A and the Financial Risk on Statutory Capital section of the MD&A in the Company's 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report.
|RATINGS
Ratings are an important factor in establishing a competitive position in the insurance marketplace and impact the Company's ability to access financing and its cost of borrowing. There can be no assurance that the Company’s ratings will continue for any given period of time, or that they will not be changed. In the event the Company’s ratings are downgraded, the Company’s competitive position, ability to access financing, and its cost of borrowing, may be adversely impacted.
On August 15, 2022, S&P upgraded the financial strength rating of The Navigators Group, Inc. and its core operating subsidiaries (collectively, "Navigators"), including NIC, to A+ from A with a Stable outlook. The upgrade of Navigators is reflective of its core status to the Company and recognizes its improved underwriting, which is in line with the Company's overall underwriting standard.
| Insurance Financial Strength Ratings as of October 26, 2022 | |||||||||||
| A.M. Best | Standard & Poor’s | Moody’s | |||||||||
| Hartford Fire Insurance Company | A+ | A+ | A1 | ||||||||
| Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Company | A+ | A+ | A1 | ||||||||
| Navigators Insurance Company | A+ | A+ | Not Rated | ||||||||
| Other Ratings: | |||||||||||
| The Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc.: | |||||||||||
| Senior debt | a- | BBB+ | Baa1 | ||||||||
These ratings are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any of The Hartford's securities and they may be revised or withdrawn at any time at the discretion of the rating organization. Each agency's rating should be evaluated independently of any other agency's rating. The system and the number of rating categories can vary across rating agencies.
Among other factors, rating agencies consider the level of statutory capital and surplus of our U.S. insurance subsidiaries as well as the level of a measure of GAAP capital held by the Company in determining the Company's financial strength and credit ratings. Rating agencies may implement changes to their capital formulas that have the effect of increasing the amount of capital we must hold in order to maintain our current ratings. See Risk Factors disclosed in Item 1A of Part I of the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.
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|STATUTORY CAPITAL
| U.S. Statutory Capital Rollforward for the Company's Insurance Subsidiaries | |||||||||||
| Property and Casualty Insurance Subsidiaries [1] [2] | Group Benefits Insurance Subsidiary | Total | |||||||||
| U.S statutory capital at January 1, 2022 | $ | 11,914 | $ | 2,410 | $ | 14,324 | |||||
| Statutory income | 1,107 | 246 | 1,353 | ||||||||
| Dividends to parent | (1,125) | (165) | (1,290) | ||||||||
| Other items | (324) | 9 | (315) | ||||||||
| Net change to U.S. statutory capital | (342) | 90 | (252) | ||||||||
| U.S statutory capital at September 30, 2022 | $ | 11,572 | $ | 2,500 | $ | 14,072 |
*[1]*The statutory capital for property and casualty insurance subsidiaries in this table does not include the value of an intercompany note owed by HHI to Hartford Fire Insurance Company.
*[2]*Excludes insurance operations in the U.K.
|CONTINGENCIES
Legal Proceedings
For a discussion regarding The Hartford’s legal proceedings, see the information contained in Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
Legislative and Regulatory Developments
COVID-19 Global Pandemic
State and federal lawmakers continue to propose legislation and regulation to address the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and to promote recovery from the pandemic. There have been proposals to impose retroactive coverage of COVID-19 claims under existing business interruption coverage provisions. If such proposals were enacted, they could represent a material exposure for the Company. Further, some states have adopted, or are considering incorporating, a presumption that if certain workers become infected with COVID-19, such infection would constitute an occupational disease triggering workers’ compensation coverage. In addition, state insurance regulators, including California, New Jersey and New York, have encouraged (and in some cases required) insurers to offer immediate relief to policyholders. As the COVID-19 global pandemic continues, regulators may require us or we may elect to provide additional consumer and/or business financial relief. We may also see this manifest in the review and approval of new rate filings, with regulators applying heightened scrutiny even when rate reductions are proposed. The duration and scope of such regulatory/Company actions are uncertain, and the impacts of such actions could adversely affect the Company’s insurance business.
Proposals have been introduced in Congress to enact a pandemic risk insurance coverage through a risk sharing mechanism between insurers and the federal government for future pandemics. Timing for any Congressional action with respect to these proposals is uncertain at this time. If such a program were to be enacted, it could represent a significant obligation for the Company in terms of deductible and co-share obligations.
Inflation Reduction Act
On August 16, 2022, President Biden signed the $700 billion Inflation Reduction Act ("IRA") into law. The IRA represents a compromise from the original multi-trillion dollar Build Back Better agenda. Several priorities were preserved in the compromise legislation including: lowering the price of prescription drugs; dedicating billions of dollars to fight climate change, while opening federal property to oil and gas drilling; and securing a three-year extension of Affordable Care Act subsidies.
The IRA enacted several new tax provisions that could apply to the Company. These provisions are effective after December 31, 2022. The bill created a 15% book-income alternative minimum tax (“BMT”) on corporations with three-year average financial statement income over $1 billion. The BMT is payable to the extent the BMT liability exceeds the regular corporate income tax. However, any BMT paid would be indefinitely available as a credit carryover that could reduce future regular tax in excess of BMT. The Company has made certain interpretations and assumptions regarding the BMT and while we expect to be an applicable corporation, any BMT paid will be treated as a temporary item reflected within deferred taxes and we expect no material impact to our financial position or results of operations. The IRA also creates a 1% excise tax on stock buybacks of publicly traded U.S. corporations. Such excise tax applies if a company repurchases in excess of $1 worth of its stock in any given calendar year. The impact of this provision will be dependent on the extent of share repurchases made in future periods. In addition, the IRA added an $80 billion funding increase for the IRS to support tax enforcement and modernization. Increases to IRS enforcement resources could increase audits on corporate taxpayers, which may include the Company. Finally, the IRA provides the U.S. Department of Treasury with authority to promulgate regulations and guidance on a wide range of important questions about how the new law will be implemented.
In addition, as Congress debates action on various spending initiatives, it may consider a variety of proposals to fund the cost of new spending with revenue raising measures. The Biden Administration's commitment to the OECD global minimum tax could be a driver of tax policy changes, including a possible increase in the corporate tax rate and other changes to taxes owed on income earned outside of the U.S. These and other tax proposals and regulatory initiatives that may be considered by Congress and/or the U.S. Treasury Department could have a material effect on the Company and its insurance businesses.
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The nature and timing of any such Congressional or regulatory action with respect to any such efforts is unclear.
Post-Brexit UK Regulatory Reforms
The UK Prudential Regulation Authority (“PRA”) is reviewing the Solvency II regime, introduced across the EU during 2016 to align insurance entities’ risk frameworks for managing capital
adequacy and risk management practices, as well as increased transparency and enhanced regulatory supervision.
The PRA also recognizes that climate change presents a material financial risk to insurers and the financial system and for 2022 the PRA will incorporate the financial risks posed by climate change into its core supervisory approach.
IMPACT OF NEW ACCOUNTING STANDARDS
For a discussion of accounting standards, see Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in The Hartford’s 2021 Form 10-K Annual Report.
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ACRONYMS
| A&E | Asbestos and Environmental | HLA | Hartford Life and Accident Insurance Company | |||||||||||
| ABS | Asset Backed Securities | IBNR | Incurred But Not Reported | |||||||||||
| ACL | Allowance for Credit Losses | IT | Information Technology | |||||||||||
| ADC | Adverse Development Cover | LAE | Loss Adjustment Expense | |||||||||||
| AFS | Available-For-Sale | LCL | Liability for Credit Losses | |||||||||||
| ALAE | Allocated Loss Adjustment Expenses | LIBOR | London Inter-Bank Offered Rate | |||||||||||
| AOCI | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income | LTD | Long-Term Disability | |||||||||||
| AUM | Assets Under Management | LTV | Loan-to-Value | |||||||||||
| BSA | Boy Scouts of America | MD&A | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Conditions and Results of Operations | |||||||||||
| CAY | Current Accident Year | NAIC | National Association of Insurance Commissioners | |||||||||||
| CLO | Collateralized Loan Obligations | NIC | Navigators Insurance Company | |||||||||||
| CMBS | Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities | NICO | National Indemnity Company, a subsidiary of Berkshire Hathaway Inc. (“Berkshire”) | |||||||||||
| CPRI | Credit and Political Risk Insurance | NM | Not Meaningful | |||||||||||
| DAC | Deferred Policy Acquisition Costs | NOLs | Net Operating Loss Carryforwards or Carrybacks | |||||||||||
| DEI | Diversity, Equity and Inclusion | NSIC | Navigators Specialty Insurance Company | |||||||||||
| DLR | Disabled Life Reserve | OCI | Other Comprehensive Income | |||||||||||
| DSCR | Debt Service Coverage Ratio | OTC | Over-the-Counter | |||||||||||
| ERCC | Enterprise Risk and Capital Committee | P&C | Property and Casualty | |||||||||||
| ESPP | The Hartford Employee Stock Purchase Plan | PG&E | PG&E Corporation and Pacific Gas and Electric Company | |||||||||||
| ETF | Exchange-Traded Funds | PV&T | Political Violence and Terrorism | |||||||||||
| FAL | Funds at Lloyd's | PYD | Prior Year Development | |||||||||||
| FASB | Financial Accounting Standards Board | RBC | Risk-Based Capital | |||||||||||
| FHLBB | Federal Home Loan Bank of Boston | RMBS | Residential Mortgage-Backed Securities | |||||||||||
| FVO | Fair Value Option | ROA | Return on Assets | |||||||||||
| GAAP | Generally Accepted Accounting Principles | ROE | Return on Equity | |||||||||||
| HFSG | Hartford Financial Services Group, Inc. | SCR | Solvency Capital Requirement | |||||||||||
| HHI | Hartford Holdings, Inc. | SOFR | Secured Overnight Funding Rate | |||||||||||
| HIMCO | Hartford Investment Management Company | ULAE | Unallocated Loss Adjustment Expenses | |||||||||||
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| Table of Contents |
Part I - Item 4. Controls and Procedures
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