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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2025

or

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-12400

INCYTE CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

(302) 498-6700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. x Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). x Yes o No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). o Yes x No

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s Common Stock, $.001 par value, was 196,322,703 as of October 21, 2025.

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INCYTE CORPORATION

INDEX

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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

INCYTE CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in thousands, except number of shares and par value)

*The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2024 has been derived from the audited consolidated financial statements at that date.

See accompanying notes.

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INCYTE CORPORATION

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited, in thousands, except per share amounts)

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The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations as of and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025 should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and notes to those statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our audited consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2024 included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 previously filed with the SEC.

Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. These statements relate to future periods, future events or our future operating or financial plans or performance. Often, these statements include the words “believe,” “expect,” “target,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “seek,” “estimate,” “potential,” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “might,” or “may,” or the negative of these terms, and other similar expressions. These forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements as to:

• the discovery, development, formulation, manufacturing and commercialization of our compounds, our drug candidates and JAKAFI*®/JAKAVI®* (ruxolitinib), PEMAZYRE*®* (pemigatinib), ICLUSIG*®* (ponatinib), MONJUVI*®(tafasitamab-cxix)* / MINJUVI*®* (tafasitamab), OPZELURA*®* (ruxolitinib) cream, ZYNYZ*®* *(retifanlimab-dlwr) and NIKTIMVOTM* (axatilimab);

• our collaboration and strategic relationship strategy, and anticipated benefits and disadvantages of entering into collaboration agreements;

• our licensing, investment and commercialization strategies, including our plans to commercialize our drug products and drug candidates;

• the regulatory approval process, including obtaining U.S. Food and Drug Administration and other international regulatory authorities’ approval for our products in the United States and abroad;

• the safety, effectiveness and potential benefits and indications of our drug candidates and other compounds under development;

• the timing, structure and size of our clinical trials; the compounds expected to enter clinical trials; the timing of clinical trial results;

• our ability to manage expansion of our drug discovery and development operations;

• future required expertise relating to clinical trials, manufacturing, sales and marketing;

• obtaining and terminating licenses to products, drug candidates or technology, or other intellectual property rights;

• the receipt from or payments pursuant to collaboration or license agreements resulting from milestones or royalties;

• plans to develop and commercialize products on our own;

• plans for our manufacturing operations, including plans to use third-party manufacturers;

• expected expenses and expenditure levels; expected uses of cash; expectations with respect to the need or ability to raise additional capital; expected revenues and sources of revenues; expectations with respect to inventory;

• expectations with respect to reimbursement for our products;

• the expected impact of recent accounting pronouncements and changes in tax laws;

• expected losses; fluctuation of losses; currency translation impact associated with non-U.S. operations and collaboration royalties;

• our profitability; the adequacy of our capital resources to continue operations;

• the costs and other financial impacts associated with resolving matters in litigation and governmental proceedings;

• our expectations regarding competition;

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• our investments, including anticipated expenditures, losses and expenses; and

• our patent prosecution and maintenance efforts.

These forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to future events, are based on assumptions and are subject to risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected and include, but are not limited to:

• our ability to discover, develop, formulate, manufacture and successfully commercialize our drug products and drug candidates;

• our ability to obtain, or maintain at anticipated levels, coverage and reimbursement for our products from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations;

*•*risks relating to changes in pricing and reimbursement in the markets in which we compete;

• our ability to establish and maintain effective sales, marketing and distribution capabilities;

• our ability to obtain and maintain regulatory approvals to market our products;

• our ability to achieve a significant market share in order to achieve or maintain profitability;

• the risk of civil or criminal penalties if we market our products in a manner that violates health care fraud and abuse and other applicable laws, rules and regulations;

• the risk of unanticipated delays in, or discontinuations of, research and development efforts;

• the risk that previous preclinical testing or clinical trial results are not necessarily indicative of future clinical trial results;

• risks relating to the conduct of our clinical trials, including geopolitical risks;

• changing regulatory requirements;

• the risk of adverse safety findings;

• the risk that results of our clinical trials do not support submission of a marketing approval application for our drug candidates;

• risks relating to our reliance on third-party manufacturers, collaborators, and clinical research organizations;

• risks relating to the development of new products and their use by us and our current and potential collaborators;

• our ability to maintain or obtain adequate product liability and other insurance coverage;

• the impact of technological advances and competition to develop and commercialize similar drug products, including potential generic competition;

• our ability to obtain and maintain patent protection and freedom to operate for our discoveries and to continue to be effective in prosecuting, maintaining, defending and enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights;

• the impact of changing laws on our patent portfolio;

• developments in, and expenses relating to, litigation and governmental proceedings;

• our ability to in-license drug candidates or other technology;

• unanticipated delays or changes in plans or regulatory agency interactions or other issues relating to our large molecule production facility;

• the impact of tariffs and trade conflicts and the effects of any economic slowdown;

*•*our ability to integrate successfully acquired businesses, development programs or technology;

• our ability to obtain additional capital when needed;

• fluctuations in net cash provided and used by operating, financing and investing activities;

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• changes in tax laws and regulations and our ability to analyze the effects of new accounting pronouncements and apply new accounting rules;

• risks relating to our ability to sustain profitability;

• risks related to public health pandemics such as the COVID-19 pandemic, natural disasters, or geopolitical events such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine and conflicts in the Middle East; and

• the risks set forth under “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

*Given these risks and uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Except as required by federal securities laws, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available or other events occur in the

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Our investments in marketable securities, which are composed primarily of U.S. government debt securities, are subject to default, changes in credit rating and changes in market value. These investments are also subject to interest rate risk and will decrease in value if market interest rates increase. As of September 30, 2025, marketable securities were $474.8 million. Due to the nature of these investments, if market interest rates were to increase immediately and uniformly by 10% from levels as of September 30, 2025, the decline in fair value would not be material.

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To the extent that we continue to hold strategic equity investments in publicly traded companies, we expect that due to the volatility of the stock price of biotechnology companies, our (loss) gain on equity investments will fluctuate in future periods based on increases or decreases in the fair value of our strategic equity investments.

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures. We maintain “disclosure controls and procedures,” as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating our disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that disclosure controls and procedures, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the disclosure controls and procedures are met. Our disclosure controls and procedures have been designed to meet reasonable assurance standards. Additionally, in designing disclosure controls and procedures, our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible disclosure controls and procedures. The design of any disclosure controls and procedures also is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions.

Based on their evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, our Chief Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting. There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) for the three months ended September 30, 2025, that materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II: OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The information called for by this item is incorporated herein by reference to the information set forth in Note 17 to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included in this report.

RISKS RELATING TO COMMERCIALIZATION OF OUR PRODUCTS

We depend heavily on our lead product, JAKAFI (ruxolitinib), which is marketed as JAKAVI outside the United States. If we are unable to maintain revenues from JAKAFI or those revenues decrease, our business may be materially harmed.

JAKAFI is our first product marketed by us that is approved for sale in the United States. While we also sell our and our licensors’ other approved products ICLUSIG, PEMAZYRE, MONJUVI/MINJUVI, OPZELURA, ZYNYZ and NIKTIMVO and our exclusive licensees sell OLUMIANT and TABRECTA, we anticipate that JAKAFI product sales will continue to contribute a significant percentage of our total revenues over the next several years.

The commercial success of JAKAFI and our ability to maintain and continue to increase revenues from the sale of JAKAFI will depend on a number of factors, including:

• the number of patients with intermediate or high-risk myelofibrosis, uncontrolled polycythemia vera or steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease who are diagnosed with the diseases and the number of such patients that may be treated with JAKAFI;

• the acceptance of JAKAFI by patients and the healthcare community;

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• whether physicians, patients and healthcare payors view JAKAFI as therapeutically effective and safe relative to cost and any alternative therapies, as well as whether patients will continue to use JAKAFI;

• the ability to obtain and maintain sufficient coverage or reimbursement by third-party payors and pricing;

• the ability of our third-party manufacturers to manufacture JAKAFI in sufficient quantities that meet all applicable quality standards;

• the ability of our company and our third-party providers to provide marketing and distribution support for JAKAFI;

• the label and promotional claims allowed by the FDA;

• the maintenance of regulatory approval for the approved indications in the United States; and

• our ability to develop, obtain regulatory approval for and commercialize ruxolitinib in the United States for additional indications or in combination with other therapeutic modalities; and

• the effects of a public health pandemic or epidemic such as the COVID-19 pandemic or of adverse geopolitical events, regulatory, legislative or administrative developments.

If we are not able to maintain revenues from JAKAFI in the United States, or our revenues from JAKAFI decrease, our business may be materially harmed and we may need to delay other drug discovery, development and commercialization initiatives or even significantly curtail operations, and our ability to license or acquire new products to diversify our revenue base could be limited.

In addition, revenues from our other products and our receipt of royalties under our collaboration agreements, including our agreements with Novartis for sales of JAKAVI outside the United States and TABRECTA globally and with Eli Lilly and Company for worldwide sales of OLUMIANT, will depend on factors similar to those listed above, with similar regulatory, pricing and reimbursement issues driven by applicable regulatory authorities and governmental and third-party payors affecting jurisdictions outside the United States.

If we are unable to obtain, or maintain at anticipated levels, coverage and reimbursement for our products from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations, our pricing may be affected and our product sales, results of operations and financial condition could be harmed.

Our ability to commercialize our current and any future approved products successfully will depend in part on the prices we are able to charge for these products and the extent to which adequate coverage and reimbursement levels for the cost of our products and related treatment are obtained from third-party payors, such as private insurers, government insurance programs, including Medicare and Medicaid, health maintenance organizations (HMOs) and other health care related organizations in the United States and abroad. We may not be able to sell our products on a profitable basis or our profitability may be reduced if we are required to sell our products at lower than anticipated prices or reimbursement is unavailable or limited in scope or amount. The costs of JAKAFI, ICLUSIG, PEMAZYRE, MONJUVI/MINJUVI, OPZELURA, ZYNYZ and NIKTIMVO are not insignificant and almost all patients will require some form of third-party coverage to afford their cost. Our future revenues and profitability will be adversely affected if we cannot depend on government and other third-party payors to defray the cost of our products to the patient.

Governments and other third-party payors continue to pursue initiatives to manage drug costs. Pricing and reimbursement for our products may be adversely affected by a number of factors, including;

• actions of federal, state and foreign governments and other third-party payors to implement or modify laws, regulations or policies addressing payment and reimbursement for drugs;

• pressure by employers on private health insurance plans to reduce costs or moderate cost increases, as well as continued public scrutiny of the price of drugs and other healthcare costs;

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• consolidation of third-party payors and continued initiatives of government and other third-party payors to reduce costs by seeking price discounts or rebates, reducing reimbursement rates or imposing restrictions on access to or coverage of particular drugs based on perceived value;

• pressure on healthcare budgets resulting from macroeconomic factors such as inflation, rising interest rates and the economic effects of geopolitical conflicts; and

• the increasing number of hospitals and other covered entities that are eligible to participate in the U.S. 340B drug pricing program, which requires drug manufacturers such as our company to sell drugs to those entities at discounted prices in order for those drugs to be covered by Medicaid.

In many markets outside of the United States, including countries of the EU, drug pricing and reimbursement are subject to government control, and government authorities are making greater efforts to limit or regulate the price of drug products. Reimbursement systems in international markets vary significantly by country and by region, and reimbursement approvals must be obtained on a country-by-country basis. Reimbursement in the EU must be negotiated on a country-by-country basis and in many countries a drug product cannot be commercially launched until reimbursement is approved. The timing to complete the negotiation process in each country is highly uncertain, and in some countries, we expect that it may exceed 12 months. Some countries set prices by reference to prices in other countries, and countries may refuse to reimburse or may restrict the reimbursed population for a drug product based on their national health technology assessments and cost effectiveness thresholds. In addition, governmental authorities in many countries may reduce prices for approved drug products from previously established prices.

Third-party payors are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services, and payors and employers are adopting benefit plan changes that shift a greater portion of prescription drug costs to patients. Third party pharmacy benefit managers, or PBMs, other similar organizations and payors can limit coverage to specific products on an approved list, or formulary, which might not include all of the approved products for a particular indication, and to exclude drugs from their formularies in favor of competitor drugs or alternative treatments, or place drugs on formulary tiers with higher patient co-pay obligations, and/or to man

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(a) On October 27, 2025, the Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) of our Board of Directors adopted the Incyte Corporation Executive Severance Plan (the “Plan”). Under the Plan, participants in the Plan designated by the Committee are entitled to certain benefits in the event of certain terminations of employment not covered by the Employment Agreements between the participants and the Company that cover certain terminations of employment during the 24-month period following a Change in Control (as defined in such Employment Agreements). The Committee has designated all of the Company’s Executive Vice Presidents and the Company’s President, Research and Development as participants in the Plan. Under the Plan, if a participant’s employment is terminated by the Company without Cause (as defined in the Plan) or by a participant for Good Reason (as defined in the Plan), the benefits the Company will provide to the participant include the following:

• the participant’s unpaid annual base salary through the date of termination and any accrued and unused vacation or paid time of;

• the sum of the participant’s annual base salary and target bonus under the Company’s annual incentive compensation plan for the year in which the termination occurs;

• the payment of COBRA premiums by the Company, or the cash equivalent thereof, for the participant and the participant’s family for up to 12 months;

• basic life insurance coverage for the participant for up to 12 months; and

• outplacement services for up to 12 months.

Under the Plan, the payment of the cash amounts and provision of the benefits upon termination of employment are subject to the participant’s compliance with non-competition, non-solicitation and non-disparagement covenants that extend for 12 months from termination of employment, as well as confidentiality and litigation and regulatory cooperation obligations. Participants who are party to an offer letter with the Company providing for greater severance payments or benefits than those payable under the Plan will be provided such greater payments or benefits, to the extent applicable, in lieu of the corresponding amounts payable under the Plan.

The foregoing description of the Plan does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to the full text of the Plan, a copy of which is filed as Exhibit 10.4 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

(c) During the three months ended September 30, 2025, the following director and officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”)) of our Company adopted a prearranged trading plan relating to our common stock and intended to satisfy the affirmative defense of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act:

Hervé Hoppenot, a director and the Special Advisor to the Chief Executive Officer, adopted a trading plan on August 11, 2025 providing for the sale of up to an aggregate of 187,500 shares of our common stock until August 11, 2026.

Steven Stein, our Executive Vice President and Chief Medical Officer, adopted a trading plan on August 6, 2025 providing for the sale of up to an aggregate of 69,435 shares of our common stock until August 6, 2026.

Lee Heeson, our Executive Vice President and Head of Incyte International, adopted a trading plan on August 4, 2025 providing for the sale of up to an aggregate of 3,074 shares of our common stock until August 4, 2026.

Thomas Tray, our Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer, adopted a trading plan on August 22, 2025 providing for the sale of up to an aggregate of 4,143 shares of our common stock until August 24, 2026.

Patrick Mayes, our Executive Vice President, Chief Scientific Officer, adopted a trading plan on September 8, 2025 providing for the sale of up to an aggregate of 5,750 shares of our common stock until September 8, 2026.

Michael Morrissey, our Executive Vice President, Head of Global Technical Operations, adopted a trading plan on September 16, 2025 providing for the sale of up to an aggregate of 58,331 shares of our common stock until September 16, 2026.

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Mohamed Issa, our Executive Vice President, Head of US Oncology, adopted a trading plan on September 15, 2025 providing for the sale of up to an aggregate of 11,813 shares of our common stock until September 15, 2026.

During the three months ended September 30, 2025, no director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) of our Company adopted or terminated any contract, instruction or written plan for the purchase or sale of our securities, whether or not intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c), other than as set forth above.

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• Filed herewith.

** In accordance with Item 601(b)(32)(ii) of Regulation S-K and SEC Release No. 34-47986, the certifications furnished in Exhibits 32.1 and 32.2 hereto are deemed to accompany this Form 10-Q and will not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act. Such certifications will not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act.

Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.