Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

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Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.

Related Person Transaction Policy

Our board of directors recognizes the fact that transactions with related persons present a heightened risk of conflicts of interests and/or improper valuation (or the perception thereof). Our board of directors has adopted a written policy on transactions with related persons that is in conformity with the requirements for issuers having publicly-held common stock that is listed on the NYSE. Our related person policy requires that a “related person” (as defined as in Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K, which includes security holders who beneficially own more than 5% of our common stock, including our Sponsor) must promptly disclose to our Chief Legal Officer any “related person transaction” (defined as any transaction that is anticipated would be reportable by us under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K in which we were or are to be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest) and all material facts with respect thereto. The Chief Legal Officer will then promptly communicate that information to our board of directors. No related person transaction will be executed without the approval or ratification of our board of directors or a duly authorized committee of our board of directors. It is our policy that directors interested in a related person transaction will recuse themselves from any vote on a related person transaction in which they have an interest.

Pre-IPO Transactions

As described in greater detail in Part I. Item 1. “Business,” prior to the IPO, we effected the Pre-IPO Transactions whereby, among other things, Invitation Homes Inc. acquired and contributed to our Operating Partnership all of the interests in the IH Holding Entities and/or their subsidiaries and our pre-IPO owners acquired newly issued shares of common stock in Invitation Homes Inc. Members of our management held incentive awards in the form of equity interests in these IH Holding Entities or affiliated entities and, in connection with the Pre-IPO Transactions, all or a portion of these equity interests were exchanged for direct or indirect equity interests in us. See Part III. Item 11. “Executive Compensation.”

Stockholders Agreement

In connection with the IPO, we entered into a stockholders agreement with our Sponsor and its affiliates. This agreement requires us to nominate a number of individuals designated by our Sponsor for election as our directors at any meeting of our stockholders (each a “Sponsor Director”) such that, following the election of any directors and taking into account any director continuing to serve as such without the need for re-election, the number of Sponsor Directors serving as directors of our company will be equal to: (1) if our pre-IPO owners and their affiliates together continue to beneficially own at least 50% of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors as of the record date for such meeting, the lowest whole number that is greater than 50% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors; (2) if our pre-IPO owners and their affiliates together continue to beneficially own at least 40% (but less than 50%) of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors as of the record date for such meeting, the lowest whole number that is at least 40% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors; (3) if our pre-IPO owners and their affiliates together continue to beneficially own at least 30% (but less than 40%) of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors as of the record date for such meeting, the lowest whole number that is at least 30% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors; (4) if our pre-IPO owners and their affiliates together continue to beneficially own at least 20% (but less than 30%) of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors as of the record date for such meeting, the lowest whole number that is at least 20% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors; and (5) if our pre-IPO owners and their affiliates together continue to beneficially own at least 5% (but less than 20%) of the shares of our common stock entitled to vote generally in the election of directors as of the record date for such meeting, the lowest whole number that is at least 10% of the total number of directors comprising our board of directors. For so long as the stockholders agreement remains in effect, Sponsor Directors may not be removed without the consent of our Sponsor. In the case of a vacancy on our board created by the removal or resignation of a Sponsor Director, the stockholders agreement requires us to nominate an individual designated by our Sponsor for election to fill the vacancy. The stockholders agreement and our charter require that certain amendments to our charter, and any change to the number of our directors, require the consent of our Sponsor.

The stockholders agreement will remain in effect until our Sponsor is no longer entitled to nominate a Sponsor Director pursuant to the stockholders agreement, unless our Sponsor requests that it terminate at an earlier date.

Registration Rights Agreement

In connection with the IPO, we entered into a registration rights agreement that provides our Sponsor an unlimited number of “demand” registrations and customary “piggyback” registration rights and certain “demand” registrations and “piggyback” registration rights to other of our pre-IPO owners. The registration rights agreement also provides that we will pay certain expenses relating to such registrations and indemnify the registration rights holders against certain liabilities which may arise under the Securities Act.

Indemnification Agreements

Following the IPO, we entered into indemnification agreements with our directors and executive officers. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted under Maryland law and our charter and bylaws against liabilities that may arise by reason of their service to us, and to advance expenses incurred as a result of any proceeding against them as to which they could be indemnified. Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors or executive officers, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy and is therefore unenforceable.

There is currently no pending material litigation or proceeding involving any of our directors, officers or employees for which indemnification is sought.

Warehouse Loans

From time to time certain of the IH Holding Entities borrowed funds in the form of warehouse loans from affiliates of our Sponsor. During the year ended December 31, 2016, interest on amounts borrowed accrued at rates based on a spread to LIBOR ranging from 250 to 275 basis points, and any unpaid interest amounts are compounded into the remaining unpaid principal balance on a monthly basis. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the largest aggregate principal amount

outstanding under such warehouse loans was $114.3 million. As of December 31, 2016, we had repaid all outstanding borrowings under the warehouse loans and do not expect to obtain warehouse loans from our Sponsor in the future.

Loans to Directors and Executive Officers

In May 2014, we made a loan to Mr. Nicholas C. Gould, a member of our board of directors, pursuant to a promissory note in the principal amount of $7.5 million. The note accrued interest at a rate of 1.97% per annum, which was added to principal on each anniversary of the issue date and was secured by equity interests held by Mr. Gould in Invitation Homes L.P. As of December 31, 2016, the note had an outstanding balance, including capitalized interest, of approximately $7.7 million. On January 5, 2017, the note was canceled. The transaction was accounted for as a distribution. See “Note 14—Subsequent Events” to our combined and consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for additional information.

In November 2015, we made a loan to Mr. Dallas B. Tanner, our Executive Vice President and Chief Investment Officer, pursuant to a promissory note in the principal amount of $1.5 million, in connection with Mr. Tanner’s relocation to Company headquarters in Dallas, Texas. The note accrued interest at a rate of 1.57% per annum, which was added to principal on each anniversary of the issue date and was secured by equity interests held by Mr. Tanner in Invitation Homes L.P. In December 2016, we purchased approximately $1.5 million of Incentive Units at fair value from Mr. Tanner, and following the purchase of such units, Mr. Tanner repaid the outstanding balance on the note.

Sponsor Exemption from Ownership Limit

In order for us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, our stock must be beneficially owned by 100 or more persons during at least 335 days of a taxable year of 12 months (other than the first year for which an election to be a REIT has been made) or during a proportionate part of a shorter taxable year. Also, not more than 50% of the value of the outstanding shares of our stock may be owned, directly or indirectly, by five or fewer individuals (as defined in the Code to include certain entities such as qualified pension plans) during the last half of a taxable year (other than the first year for which an election to be a REIT has been made).

Our charter contains restrictions on the ownership and transfer of our stock. Subject to certain exceptions, no person or entity may beneficially own, or be deemed to own by virtue of the applicable constructive ownership provisions of the Code, more than 9.8% (in value or by number of shares, whichever is more restrictive) of our outstanding common stock or 9.8% in value of our outstanding stock. We refer to these restrictions, collectively, as the “ownership limit.” Our board of directors granted an exemption from the ownership limit to our Sponsor and its affiliates.

Directed Share Program

In connection with our IPO, we reserved shares of our common stock for purchase by our directors, officers, employees and related persons at the IPO price of $20.00 per share as part of a directed share program. Mr. G. Irwin Gordon, an executive officer, purchased 10,000 shares for $0.2 million under the directed share program, and Mr. Maurice Tanner, a parent of Mr. Dallas Tanner our executive officer, purchased 105,000 shares for $2.1 million under the directed share program.

Other Relationships

Blackstone Advisory Partners L.P., an affiliate of Blackstone, served as an underwriter in our IPO and received aggregate fees of approximately $4.0 million in connection therewith.

In connection with the IPO, Mr. Peter Gould (Mr. Nicholas Gould’s brother) received 31,250 restricted stock units in respect of his IH6 Bonus Awards and 305,021 shares of common stock in respect of his Class A units in the Promote Partnerships. Similar to the restricted stock units delivered to our named executive officers and directors in respect of their IH6 Bonus Awards, Mr. Gould’s restricted stock units are fully vested but will be delivered six months and one day after the IPO.

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