Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

General and Basis of Presentation

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our accompanying interim consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this report, and in conjunction with (i) our consolidated financial statements and related notes in our 2024 Form 10-K; (ii) our management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations included in our 2024 Form 10-K; (iii) “Information Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report and in our 2024 Form 10-K; and (iv) “Risk Factors” in this report, in Part II, Item 1A in our March 31, 2025 Form 10-Q and in Part I, Item 1 in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Acquisition

The following acquisition was made during the 2025 period. See Note 2. “Acquisitions and Divestiture” to our consolidated financial statements for further information on this transaction.

EventDescriptionBusiness Segment
Outrigger Energy acquisition $648 million (February 2025)Natural gas gathering and processing system in North Dakota from Outrigger Energy II LLC which includes a 0.27 Bcf/d processing facility and a 104-mile, large-diameter, high-pressure rich gas gathering header pipeline with 0.35 Bcf/d of capacity connecting supplies from the Williston Basin area to high-demand markets.Natural Gas Pipelines (Midstream)

2025 Dividends and Discretionary Capital

We expect to declare dividends of $1.17 per share for 2025, a 2% increase from the 2024 declared dividends of $1.15 per share. We expect to invest $3.0 billion in expansion projects, acquisitions, and contributions to joint ventures during 2025.

The expectations for 2025 discussed above involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and are not guarantees of performance. Many of the factors that will determine these expectations are beyond our ability to control or predict, and because of these uncertainties, it is advisable not to put undue reliance on any forward-looking statement.

Results of Operations

Overview

As described in further detail below, our management evaluates our performance primarily using Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. and Segment earnings before DD&A expenses (EBDA) (as presented in Note 7 “Reportable Segments”), along with the non-GAAP financial measures of Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock, in the aggregate and per share, Adjusted Segment EBDA, Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc., Adjusted earnings before interest, income taxes, DD&A expenses and amortization of basis differences related to our joint ventures (previously known as amortization of excess cost of equity investments) (EBITDA), and Net Debt.

Effective January 1, 2025, amortization of basis differences related to our joint ventures (previously known as amortization of excess cost of equity investments) is included within “Earnings from equity investments” in our accompanying consolidated statements of income for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, and therefore is included within Segment EBDA. As a result, Segment EBDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 has been adjusted to conform to the current presentation in the following MD&A tables. The adjustments were not material.

GAAP Financial Measures

Our Consolidated Earnings Results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 present Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc., as prepared and presented in accordance with GAAP, and Segment EBDA, which is disclosed in Note 7 “Reportable Segments” pursuant to FASB ASC 280. The composition of Segment EBDA is not addressed nor prescribed by generally accepted accounting principles. Segment EBDA is a useful measure of our operating performance because it measures the operating results of our segments before DD&A and certain expenses that are generally not controllable by our business segment operating managers, such as general and administrative expenses and corporate charges, interest expense, net, and income taxes. Our general and administrative expenses and corporate charges include such items as

unallocated employee benefits, insurance, rentals, unallocated litigation and environmental expenses, and shared corporate services including accounting, information technology, human resources, and legal services.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Our non-GAAP financial measures described below should not be considered alternatives to GAAP Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. or other GAAP measures and have important limitations as analytical tools. Our computations of these non-GAAP financial measures may differ from similarly titled measures used by others. You should not consider these non-GAAP financial measures in isolation or as substitutes for an analysis of our results as reported under GAAP. Management compensates for the limitations of our consolidated non-GAAP financial measures by reviewing our comparable GAAP measures identified in the descriptions of consolidated non-GAAP measures below, understanding the differences between the measures and taking this information into account in its analysis and its decision-making processes.

Certain Items

Certain Items, as adjustments used to calculate our non-GAAP financial measures, are items that are required by GAAP to be reflected in Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc., but typically either (i) do not have a cash impact (for example, unsettled commodity hedges and asset impairments), or (ii) by their nature are separately identifiable from our normal business operations and in most cases are likely to occur only sporadically (for example, certain legal settlements, enactment of new tax legislation and casualty losses). (See the tables included in “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.,” “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock” and “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted EBITDA” below). We also include adjustments related to joint ventures (see “—Amounts associated with Joint Ventures” below). The following table summarizes our Certain Items for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, which are also described in more detail in the footnotes to tables included in “—Segment Earnings Results” below.

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions)
Certain Items
Change in fair value of derivative contracts(a)$(95)$2$(11)$52
Gain on divestitures(b)—(41)—(70)
Income tax Certain Items(c)(2)10(37)1
Other1212
Total Certain Items(d)(e)$(96)$(27)$(47)$(15)

(a)Gains or losses are reflected within non-GAAP financial measures when realized.

(b)2024 amounts for each of the three and six-month periods include a gain of $41 million on the divestiture of CO2 assets and a gain of $29 million for the six-month period only on the divestiture of Oklahoma midstream assets.

(c)Represents the income tax provision on Certain Items plus discrete income tax items. Includes the impact of KMI’s income tax provision on Certain Items affecting earnings from equity investments and is separate from the related tax provision recognized at the investees by the joint ventures which are also taxable entities.

(d)2025 amounts for the three and six-month periods include the $(2) million and none, respectively, reported within “Earnings from equity investments” on the accompanying consolidated statement of income of “Change in fair value of derivative contracts.”

(e)Amounts for the periods ending June 30, 2025 and 2024 include $(1) million for each of the three-month periods and $1 million for each of the six-month periods reported within “Interest, net” on the accompanying consolidated statements of income of “Change in fair value of derivative contracts.”

Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.

Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. is calculated by adjusting Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. for Certain Items. Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. is used by us, investors and other external users of our financial statements as a supplemental measure that provides decision-useful information regarding our period-over-period performance and ability to generate earnings that are core to our ongoing operations. We believe the GAAP measure most directly comparable to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. is Net income attributable to

Kinder Morgan, Inc. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.” below.

Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock and Adjusted EPS

Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock is calculated by adjusting Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc., the most comparable GAAP measure, for Certain Items, and further for net income allocated to participating securities and adjusted net income in excess of distributions for participating securities. We believe Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock allows for calculation of adjusted earnings per share (Adjusted EPS) on the most comparable basis with earnings per share, the most comparable GAAP measure to Adjusted EPS. Adjusted EPS is calculated as Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock divided by our weighted average shares outstanding. Adjusted EPS applies the same two-class method used in arriving at basic earnings per share. Adjusted EPS is used by us, investors and other external users of our financial statements as a per-share supplemental measure that provides decision-useful information regarding our period-over-period performance and ability to generate earnings that are core to our ongoing operations. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock” below.

Adjusted Segment EBDA

Adjusted Segment EBDA is calculated by adjusting segment earnings before DD&A, general and administrative expenses and corporate charges, interest expense, and income taxes (Segment EBDA) for Certain Items attributable to the segment. Adjusted Segment EBDA is used by management in its analysis of segment performance and management of our business. We believe Adjusted Segment EBDA is a useful performance metric because it provides management, investors and other external users of our financial statements additional insight into performance trends across our business segments, our segments’ relative contributions to our consolidated performance and the ability of our segments to generate earnings on an ongoing basis. Adjusted Segment EBDA is also used as a factor in determining compensation under our annual incentive compensation program for our business segment presidents and other business segment employees. We believe it is useful to investors because it is a measure that management uses to allocate resources to our segments and assess each segment’s performance. See “—Segment Earnings Results” below.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by adjusting Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. for Certain Items and further for DD&A, amortization of basis differences related to our joint ventures, income tax expense, and interest. We also include amounts from joint ventures for income taxes and DD&A (see “—Amounts associated with Joint Ventures” below). Adjusted EBITDA is used by management, investors and other external users, in conjunction with our Net Debt (as described further below), to evaluate our leverage. Management and external users also use Adjusted EBITDA as an important metric to compare the valuations of companies across our industry. Our ratio of Net Debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA is used as a supplemental performance target for purposes of our annual incentive compensation program. We believe the GAAP measure most directly comparable to Adjusted EBITDA is Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted EBITDA” below*.*

Amounts associated with Joint Ventures

Certain Items and Adjusted EBITDA reflect amounts from unconsolidated joint ventures and consolidated joint ventures utilizing the same recognition and measurement methods used to record “Earnings from equity investments” and “Noncontrolling interests,” respectively. The calculation of Adjusted EBITDA related to our unconsolidated and consolidated joint ventures include DD&A, amortization of basis differences, and income tax expense with respect to the joint ventures as those included in the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA for our wholly-owned consolidated subsidiaries; further, we remove the portion of these adjustments attributable to non-controlling interests. (See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted EBITDA” below.) Although these amounts related to our unconsolidated joint ventures are included in the calculation of Adjusted EBITDA, such inclusion should not be understood to imply that we have control over the operations and resulting revenues, expenses or cash flows of such unconsolidated joint ventures.

Net Debt

Net Debt is calculated, based on amounts as of June 30, 2025, by subtracting the following amounts from our debt balance of $32,659 million: (i) cash and cash equivalents of $82 million; (ii) debt fair value adjustments of $183 million; and (iii) the

foreign exchange impact on Euro-denominated bonds of $46 million for which we have entered into currency swaps to convert that debt to U.S. dollars. Net Debt, on its own and in conjunction with our Adjusted EBITDA as part of a ratio of Net Debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA, is a non-GAAP financial measure that is used by management, investors and other external users of our financial information to evaluate our leverage. Our ratio of Net Debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA is also used as a supplemental performance target for purposes of our annual incentive compensation program. We believe the most comparable measure to Net Debt is total debt.

Consolidated Earnings Results

The following tables summarize the key components of our consolidated earnings results.

Three Months Ended June 30,
20252024Earnings increase/(decrease)
(In millions, except percentages)
Revenues$4,042$3,572$47013%
Operating Costs, Expenses and Other
Costs of sales (exclusive of items shown separately below)(1,211)(967)(244)(25)%
Operations and maintenance(773)(741)(32)(4)%
DD&A(616)(584)(32)(5)%
General and administrative(188)(179)(9)(5)%
Taxes, other than income taxes(111)(109)(2)(2)%
Other income, net946(37)(80)%
Total Operating Costs, Expenses and Other(2,890)(2,534)(356)(14)%
Operating Income1,1521,03811411%
Other Income (Expense)
Earnings from equity investments206195116%
Interest, net(452)(464)123%
Other, net131121,200%
Total Other Expense(233)(268)3513%
Income Before Income Taxes91977014919%
Income Tax Expense(177)(168)(9)(5)%
Net Income74260214023%
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests(27)(27)——%
Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$715$575$14024%
Basic and diluted earnings per share$0.32$0.26$0.0623%
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding2,2222,2193—%
Declared dividends per share$0.2925$0.2875$0.0052%
Six Months Ended June 30,
20252024Earnings increase/(decrease)
(In millions, except percentages)
Revenues$8,283$7,414$86912%
Operating Costs, Expenses and Other
Costs of sales (exclusive of items shown separately below)(2,687)(2,074)(613)(30)%
Operations and maintenance(1,484)(1,421)(63)(4)%
DD&A(1,226)(1,171)(55)(5)%
General and administrative(375)(354)(21)(6)%
Taxes, other than income taxes(223)(220)(3)(1)%
Other income, net987(78)(90)%
Total Operating Costs, Expenses and Other(5,986)(5,153)(833)(16)%
Operating Income2,2972,261362%
Other Income (Expense)
Earnings from equity investments426426——%
Interest, net(903)(936)334%
Other, net281272,700%
Total Other Expense(449)(509)6012%
Income Before Income Taxes1,8481,752965%
Income Tax Expense(363)(377)144%
Net Income1,4851,3751108%
Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests(53)(54)12%
Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$1,432$1,321$1118%
Basic and diluted earnings per share$0.64$0.59$0.058%
Basic and diluted weighted average shares outstanding2,2222,2193—%
Declared dividends per share$0.585$0.575$0.012%

Our consolidated revenues primarily consist of services and sales revenue. Our services revenues include fees for transportation and other midstream services that we perform. Fluctuations in our consolidated services revenue largely reflect changes in volumes and/or in the rates we charge. Our consolidated sales revenues include sales of natural gas (includes natural gas and RNG), products (includes NGL, crude oil, CO2 and transmix) and other (includes RINs). Our consolidated sales revenue will fluctuate with commodity prices and volumes, and the costs of sales associated with purchases will usually have a commensurate and offsetting impact, except for the CO2 segment, which produces, instead of purchases, the crude oil, CO2 and RINs it sells. Additionally, fluctuations in revenues and costs of sales may be further impacted by gains or losses from derivative contracts that we use to manage our commodity price risk.

Below is a discussion of significant changes in our Consolidated Earnings Results for the comparable three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024:

Revenues

Revenues increased $470 million and $869 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, as compared to the respective prior year periods.

The increases were primarily due to (i) increases in natural gas sales of $415 million and $781 million, respectively, due to higher natural gas commodity prices and volumes; (ii) increases in services revenues of $119 million and $229 million, respectively, resulting from higher volumes, primarily driven by increased demand for services and expansion projects placed into service, higher rates and assets acquired in February 2025; and (iii) an increase in other sales for the six-month period of $24 million driven by higher RIN sales. Revenues were further increased by $48 million and $26 million, respectively, for the impacts of derivative contracts used to hedge commodity sales. These increases in revenues were partially offset by lower

product sales of $143 million and $189 million, respectively, driven primarily by lower crude oil prices and volumes and by asset divestitures in 2024 partially offset by assets acquired in 2024. The increase in sales revenues had corresponding increases in our costs of sales as described below under “Operating Costs, Expenses and Other—Costs of sales.”

Operating Costs, Expenses and Other

Costs of sales

Costs of sales increased $244 million and $613 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, as compared to the respective prior year periods. The increases, which are net of the impact of our divested assets for the six-month period, were primarily due to higher costs of sales for natural gas of $417 million and $724 million, respectively, primarily due to higher commodity prices and volumes. These increases were partially offset by lower costs of sales for products of $93 million and $104 million, respectively, driven by lower commodity prices, to a greater extent in the three-month period, and volumes, to a greater extent in the six-month period, and decreases in costs of sales of $83 million and $20 million, respectively, related to derivative contracts used to hedge commodity purchases.

Operations and Maintenance

Operations and maintenance increased $32 million and $63 million for the three and six months ended June 30,2025, respectively, as compared to the respective prior year periods. The increases were primarily driven by greater activity levels, including from expansions, and inflation, including labor and fuel costs. The increase in the six-month period was also driven by higher integrity costs.

Other Income, net

Other Income, net decreased $37 million and $78 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, as compared to the respective prior year periods. The decreases were primarily the result of a gain on the divestiture of CO2 assets during 2024. The decrease in the six-month period was also driven by a gain on the divestiture of Oklahoma midstream assets in 2024.

Other Income (Expense)

Interest, net

In the table above, we report our interest expense as “net,” meaning that we have subtracted interest income and capitalized interest from our total interest expense to arrive at one interest amount. Our interest expense, net decreased $12 million and $33 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, compared to the respective prior year periods. The decreases were primarily due to lower interest rates associated with our fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements partially offset by higher average long-term debt balances.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Reconciliations from Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions, except per share amounts)
Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.
Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$715$575$1,432$1,321
Certain Items(a)
Change in fair value of derivative contracts(95)2(11)52
Gain on divestitures—(41)—(70)
Income tax Certain Items(2)10(37)1
Other1212
Total Certain Items(96)(27)(47)(15)
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$619$548$1,385$1,306
Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock
Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$715$575$1,432$1,321
Total Certain Items(b)(96)(27)(47)(15)
Net income allocated to participating securities(4)(3)(8)(7)
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Common Stock$615$545$1,377$1,299
Adjusted EPS$0.28$0.25$0.62$0.59
Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted EBITDA
Net income attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$715$575$1,432$1,321
Total Certain Items(b)(96)(27)(47)(15)
DD&A6165841,2261,171
Income tax expense(c)179158400376
Interest, net(d)453465902935
Amounts associated with joint ventures
Unconsolidated joint venture DD&A(e)10099200197
Remove consolidated joint venture partners’ DD&A(16)(15)(31)(31)
Unconsolidated joint venture income tax expense(f)21194741
Adjusted EBITDA$1,972$1,858$4,129$3,995

(a)See table included in “*—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—*Certain Items” above.

(b)See “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Reconciliation of Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. to Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.” for a detailed listing.

(c)To avoid duplication, adjustments for income tax expense for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 exclude $(2) million and $10 million for the three-month periods, respectively, and $(37) million and $1 million for the six-month periods, respectively, which amounts are already included within “Certain Items.” See table included in “*—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measu**res—*Certain Items” above.

(d)To avoid duplication, adjustments for interest, net for the periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 exclude $(1) million for each of the three-month periods and $1 million for each of the six-month periods which amounts are already included within “Certain Items.” See table included in “*—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—*Certain Items,” above.

(e)Includes amortization of basis differences related to our joint ventures which was previously presented separately as amortization of excess cost of equity investments.

(f)Includes the tax provision on Certain Items recognized by the investees that are taxable entities associated with our Citrus, NGPL Holdings and Products (SE) Pipe Line equity investments. The impact of KMI’s income tax provision on Certain Items affecting earnings from equity investments is included within “Certain Items” above.

Below is a discussion of significant changes in our Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc., DCF and Adjusted EBITDA:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions)
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$619$548$1,385$1,306
Adjusted EBITDA1,9721,8584,1293,995
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc.$71$79
Adjusted EBITDA$114$134

Adjusted Net Income Attributable to Kinder Morgan, Inc. increased $71 million and $79 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, as compared to the respective prior year periods. The increases resulted primarily from favorable earnings in our Natural Gas Pipelines business segment, which was also a primary driver of the increase in Adjusted EBITDA of $114 million and $134 million, respectively.

General and Administrative and Corporate Charges

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions)
General and administrative$(188)$(179)$(375)$(354)
Corporate charges—(5)(5)(10)
Certain Items(a)1212
General and administrative and corporate charges$(187)$(182)$(379)$(362)
Change from prior periodEarnings increase/(decrease)
General and administrative$(9)$(21)
Corporate charges55
Total$(4)$(16)

(a)See “*—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—*Certain Items” above.

General and administrative expenses increased $9 million and $21 million, and corporate charges decreased $5 million and $5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2025, respectively, when compared with the respective prior year periods. The combined changes primarily include higher benefit-related and labor costs partially offset by lower pension costs. The six-month period increase also includes higher legal costs.

Segment Earnings Results

Natural Gas Pipelines (including reconciliation of Segment EBDA to Adjusted Segment EBDA)

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions, except operating statistics)
Revenues$2,536$1,993$5,290$4,329
Costs of sales(890)(567)(2,035)(1,298)
Other operating expenses(a)(408)(381)(770)(725)
Other income61739
Earnings from equity investments185175381382
Other, net7(2)16(2)
Segment EBDA1,4361,2192,8892,725
Certain Items:
Change in fair value of derivative contracts(89)4(9)43
Gain on divestiture———(29)
Certain Items(b)(89)4(9)14
Adjusted Segment EBDA$1,347$1,223$2,880$2,739
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Segment EBDA$217$164
Adjusted Segment EBDA$124$141
Volumetric data(c)
Transport volumes (BBtu/d)44,58543,12345,27743,832
Sales volumes (BBtu/d)2,8322,4592,7162,528
Gathering volumes (BBtu/d)3,9314,2033,9534,194
NGLs (MBbl/d)39423539

(a)Operating expenses include operations and maintenance expenses and taxes, other than income taxes.

(b)See table included in “*—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Certain Items” above. For the periods ending June 30, 2025 and 2024 Certain Items of (i) $(87) million and $4 million for the three-month periods, respectively, and $(9) million and $14 million for the six-month periods, respectively, are associated with our Midstream business and (ii) $(2) million for the 2025 three-month period is associated with our East business. See “—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—*Certain Items” above. For more detail of significant Certain Items, see the discussion of changes in Segment EBDA below.

(c)Joint venture throughput is reported at our ownership share. Volumes for acquired assets are included for all periods presented. However, EBDA contributions from acquisitions are included only for the periods subsequent to their acquisition. Volumes for assets sold are excluded for all periods presented.

Below are the changes in Natural Gas Pipelines Segment EBDA:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions)
Midstream$524$389$969$889
East6796171,4251,358
West233213495478
Total Natural Gas Pipelines$1,436$1,219$2,889$2,725
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Midstream$135$80
East$62$67
West$20$17

The changes in Natural Gas Pipelines Segment EBDA in the comparable three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are explained by the following discussion:

  • The $135 million (35%) and $80 million (9%) increases, respectively, in Midstream resulted from the impact of non-cash mark-to-market derivative contracts used to hedge forecasted commodity sales and purchases, primarily decreasing costs of sales, to a greater extent in the three-month period, and increasing revenues in the six-month period, partially offset by a gain on sale of our Oklahoma assets in the six-month 2024 period, all of which we treated as Certain Items.

In addition, Midstream was favorably impacted by increased demand for our services on our Texas intrastate systems and contributions from the acquired Outrigger Energy assets on our Hiland Midstream assets. Overall, Midstream’s revenue changes are partially offset by corresponding changes in costs of sales.

  • The $62 million (10%) and $67 million (5%) increases, respectively, in East were impacted by, on TGP, expansion projects that went into service as well as increased demand for services partially offset by higher pipeline maintenance costs. The increase in the six-month period was further driven by, on TGP, lower legal costs in 2025 offset by an expired customer agreement on our Stagecoach assets and lower equity earnings from SNG that was driven primarily by an increase in legal costs.

  • The $20 million (9%) and $17 million (4%) increases, respectively, in West were driven by a new service provided by Cheyenne Plains Gas Pipeline Company, L.L.C to its customers in 2025 and increased demand for its services.

Products Pipelines (including reconciliation of Segment EBDA to Adjusted Segment EBDA)

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions, except operating statistics)
Revenues$691$776$1,354$1,504
Costs of sales(292)(373)(585)(722)
Other operating expenses(a)(126)(117)(239)(221)
Other income1—1—
Earnings from equity investments15123127
Segment EBDA289298562588
Certain Items:
Change in fair value of derivative contracts——11
Certain Items(b)——11
Adjusted Segment EBDA$289$298$563$589
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Segment EBDA$(9)$(26)
Adjusted Segment EBDA$(9)$(26)
Volumetric data(c)
Gasoline(d)1,0161,009975965
Diesel fuel369354353345
Jet fuel325313314295
Total refined product volumes1,7101,6761,6421,605
Crude and condensate503493490475
Total delivery volumes (MBbl/d)2,2132,1692,1322,080

(a)Operating expenses include operations and maintenance expenses and taxes, other than income taxes.

(b)See table included in “*—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Certain Items” above. For the periods ending June 30, 2025 and 2024 Certain Items of $1 million for each of the six-month periods are associated with our Southeast Refined Products business. See “—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—*Certain Items” above. For more detail of significant Certain Items, see the discussion of changes in Segment EBDA below.

(c)Joint venture throughput is reported at our ownership share.

(d)Volumes include ethanol pipeline volumes.

Below are the changes in Products Pipelines Segment EBDA:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions)
Crude and Condensate$56$74$109$149
West Coast Refined Products157150304290
Southeast Refined Products7674149149
Total Products Pipelines$289$298$562$588
Change from prior periodIncrease (Decrease)
Crude and Condensate$(18)$(40)
West Coast Refined Products$7$14
Southeast Refined Products$2$—

The changes in Products Pipelines Segment EBDA in the comparable three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are explained by the following discussion:

  • The $18 million (24%) and $40 million (27%) decreases, respectively, in Crude and Condensate were driven by the expiration of legacy crude contracts in advance of the Double H pipeline conversion to NGL service on our Bakken Crude assets. The decrease in the six-month period was also driven by a planned ten-year turnaround in the first quarter 2025 at our KM Condensate Processing facility. Our Crude and Condensate business also had lower revenues with a corresponding decrease in costs of sales, resulting primarily from decreased prices and volumes.

  • The $14 million (5%) six-month period increase in West Coast Refined Products resulted from higher rates at our West Coast Terminals and higher transportation volumes partially offset by higher pipeline maintenance costs on our Pacific operations.

Terminals

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions, except operating statistics)
Revenues$533$509$1,051$1,005
Costs of sales(14)(12)(29)(22)
Other operating expenses(224)(226)(453)(447)
Other income15—7
Earnings from equity investments2244
Other, net2323
Segment EBDA$300$281$575$550
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Segment EBDA$19$25
Volumetric data(a)
Liquids leasable capacity (MMBbl)78.778.678.778.6
Liquids utilization %(b)94.4%94.3%94.3%94.1%
Bulk transload tonnage (MMtons)12.814.125.327.7

(a)Volumes for facilities divested, idled and/or held for sale are excluded for all periods presented.

(b)The ratio of our tankage capacity in service to liquids leasable capacity.

For purposes of the following tables and related discussions, the results of operations of our terminals held for sale or divested, including any associated gain or loss on sale, are adjusted for all periods presented from the historical business grouping and included within the Other group.

Below are the changes in Terminals Segment EBDA:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions)
Jones Act tankers$59$46$119$91
Liquids170162328323
Bulk7172128134
Other—1—2
Total Terminals$300$281$575$550
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Jones Act tankers$13$28
Liquids$8$5
Bulk$(1)$(6)
Other$(1)$(2)

The changes in Terminals Segment EBDA in the comparable three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are explained by the following discussion:

  • The $13 million (28%) and $28 million (31%) increases, respectively, in Jones Act tankers were primarily due to higher average charter rates.

  • The $8 million (5%) and $5 million (2%) increases, respectively, in Liquids were driven by contributions from expansion projects and higher rates primarily at our Houston Ship Channel facilities.

  • The $6 million (4%) six-month period decrease in Bulk was driven primarily by the closure of our Houston Refining terminal, resulting from the closure of the Lyondell refinery in Houston in 2025, partially offset by lower demurrage costs at our International Marine Terminal.

CO**2 (including reconciliation of Segment EBDA to Adjusted Segment EBDA)

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions, except operating statistics)
Revenues$290$298$602$586
Costs of sales(21)(19)(48)(40)
Other operating expenses(a)(124)(121)(234)(240)
Other income140141
Earnings from equity investments461013
Segment EBDA150204331360
Certain Items:
Change in fair value of derivative contracts(5)(1)(4)7
Gain on divestitures—(41)—(41)
Certain Items(b)(5)(42)(4)(34)
Adjusted Segment EBDA$145$162$327$326
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Segment EBDA$(54)$(29)
Adjusted Segment EBDA$(17)$1
Volumetric data(c)
SACROC oil production18.4218.9118.8419.01
Yates oil production6.016.095.986.17
Other1.091.201.091.22
Total oil production, net (MBbl/d)(d)25.5226.2025.9126.40
NGL sales volumes, net (MBbl/d)(d)9.037.979.168.39
CO2 sales volumes, net (Bcf/d)0.2910.3160.3010.326
RNG sales volumes (BBtu/d)129108
Realized weighted average oil price ($ per Bbl)$67.60$69.47$67.99$69.08
Realized weighted average NGL price ($ per Bbl)$32.08$27.29$33.74$27.78

(a)Operating expenses include operations and maintenance expenses and taxes, other than income taxes.

(b)See table included in “*—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—Certain Items” above. The 2025 and 2024 Certain Items are associated with our Oil and Gas Producing activities. See “—Overview—Non-GAAP Financial Measures—*Certain Items” above. For more detail of significant Certain Items, see the discussion of changes in Segment EBDA below.

(c)Volumes for acquired assets are included for all periods presented, however, EBDA contributions from acquisitions are included only for the periods subsequent to their acquisition. Volumes for assets sold are excluded for all periods presented.

(d)Net of royalties and outside working interests.

Below are the changes in CO2 Segment EBDA:

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2025202420252024
(In millions)
Oil and Gas Producing activities$105$145$222$252
Source and Transportation activities38478594
Subtotal143192307346
Energy Transition Ventures7122414
Total CO2$150$204$331$360
Change from prior periodIncrease/(Decrease)
Oil and Gas Producing activities$(40)$(30)
Source and Transportation activities$(9)$(9)
Energy Transition Ventures$(5)$10

The changes in CO2 Segment EBDA in the comparable three and six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 are explained by the following discussion:

  • The $40 million (28%) and $30 million (12%) decreases, respectively, in Oil and Gas Producing activities was driven by a $41 million gain on sale of oil and gas producing fields in the 2024 period partially offset, in the six-month period, by non-cash mark-to-market derivative hedge contracts which increased revenues, all of which we treated as Certain Items.

In addition, Oil and Gas Producing activities were unfavorably impacted by lower crude oil volumes and by assets divested in June 2024 partially offset by assets acquired in June 2024 and higher realized NGL prices and volumes. The three-month period decrease was also driven by lower crude oil prices.

  • The $9 million (19%) and $9 million (10%) decreases, respectively, in Source and Transportation activities were driven by lower realized CO2 sales prices. The six-month period decrease was further driven by lower CO2 volumes partially offset by higher volumes on our Wink pipeline.

  • The $10 million (71%) six-month period increase in Energy Transition Ventures was primarily due to higher RIN sales margin from increased volumes partially offset by lower prices.

We believe that our existing hedge contracts in place within our CO2 business segment substantially mitigate commodity price sensitivities in the near-term and to a lesser extent over the following few years from price exposure. Below is a summary of our CO2 business segment hedges outstanding as of June 30, 2025:

Remaining 2025202620272028
Crude Oil(a)
Price ($ per Bbl)$66.98$64.63$65.37$64.51
Volume (MBbl/d)23.1520.209.404.00
NGLs
Price ($ per Bbl)$47.64$46.74
Volume (MBbl/d)4.791.26

(a)Includes WTI hedges.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

General

As of June 30, 2025, we had $82 million of “Cash and cash equivalents,” a decrease of $6 million from December 31, 2024. Additionally, as of June 30, 2025, we had borrowing capacity of approximately $2.8 billion under our credit facility (discussed below in “—Short-term Liquidity”). As discussed further below, we believe our cash flows from operating activities, cash position and remaining borrowing capacity on our credit facility is more than adequate to allow us to manage our day-to-day cash requirements and anticipated obligations.

We have consistently generated substantial cash flows from operations, providing a source of funds of $2,811 million and $2,876 million in the first six months of 2025 and 2024, respectively. The period-to-period decrease is discussed below in “—Cash Flows—Operating Activities.” We primarily rely on cash provided by operations to fund our operations as well as our debt service, sustaining capital expenditures, dividend payments and our capital expenditures; however, we may access the debt capital markets from time to time to refinance our maturing long-term debt and finance incremental investments, if any. From time to time, short-term borrowings are used to fund working capital and finance incremental capital investments, if any. Incremental capital investments initially funded through short-term borrowings may periodically be replaced with long-term financing and/or paid down using retained cash from operations.

We use interest rate swap agreements to convert a portion of the underlying cash flows related to our long-term fixed-rate debt securities (senior notes) into variable-rate debt in order to achieve our desired mix of fixed and variable rate debt, as detailed below:

June 30, 2025December 31, 2024
(In millions)
Variable rate debt(a)$650$371
Notional principal amount of fixed-to-variable interest rate swap agreements3,5004,750
Notional principal amount of variable-to-fixed interest rate swap agreements(b)(1,500)(1,500)
Debt balances subject to variable interest rates(c)$2,650$3,621

(a)Includes $650 million and $331 million at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively, of commercial paper notes.

(b)Consist of interest rate swap agreements set to expire December 2025.

(c)Represents 8% and 11% of our total debt balances at June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Our board of directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.2925 per share for the second quarter of 2025, a 2% increase over the dividend declared for the second quarter of 2024.

On June 16, 2025, Moody’s Investor Services upgraded our rating outlook to positive.

Short-term Liquidity

As of June 30, 2025, our principal sources of short-term liquidity are (i) cash from operations; and (ii) our $3.5 billion credit facility with an available capacity of approximately $2.8 billion and an associated $3.5 billion commercial paper program. The loan commitments under our credit facility can be used for working capital and other general corporate purposes and as a backup to our commercial paper program. Commercial paper borrowings and letters of credit reduce borrowings allowed under our credit facility. We provide for liquidity by maintaining a sizable amount of excess borrowing capacity under our credit facility and, as previously discussed, have consistently generated strong cash flows from operations.

As of June 30, 2025, our $788 million of short-term debt consisted primarily of commercial paper borrowings. We intend to fund our debt as it becomes due, primarily through credit facility borrowings, commercial paper borrowings, cash flows from operations and/or issuing new long-term debt. Our short-term debt as of December 31, 2024 was $2,009 million.

We had working capital (defined as current assets less current liabilities) deficits of $1,147 million and $2,580 million as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. The overall $1,433 million favorable change from year-end 2024 was primarily due to refinancing $1,500 million of maturing senior notes with proceeds from the issuance of long-term senior notes in the second quarter of 2025, partially offset by a $319 million increase in commercial paper borrowings partly used to fund our Outrigger Energy acquisition. Generally, our working capital varies due to factors such as the timing of scheduled debt payments, timing differences in the collection and payment of receivables and payables, the change in fair value of our

derivative contracts and changes in our cash and cash equivalents as a result of excess cash from operations after payments for investing and financing activities.

Capital Expenditures

We account for our capital expenditures in accordance with GAAP. Additionally, we distinguish between capital expenditures as follows:

Type of ExpenditurePhysical Determination of Expenditure
Sustaining capital expenditures•Investments to maintain the operational integrity and extend the useful life of our assets
Expansion capital expenditures (discretionary capital expenditures)•Investments to expand throughput or capacity from that which existed immediately prior to the making or acquisition of additions or improvements

Budgeting of maintenance capital expenditures, which we refer to as sustaining capital expenditures, is done annually on a bottom-up basis. For each of our assets, we budget for and make those sustaining capital expenditures that are necessary to maintain safe and efficient operations, meet customer needs and comply with our operating policies and applicable law. We may budget for and make additional sustaining capital expenditures that we expect to produce economic benefits such as increasing efficiency and/or lowering future expenses. Budgeting and approval of expansion capital expenditures generally occurs periodically throughout the year on a project-by-project basis in response to specific investment opportunities identified by our business segments from which we generally expect to receive sufficient returns to justify the expenditures. Assets comprising expansion capital projects could result in additional sustaining capital expenditures over time. The need for sustaining capital expenditures in respect of newly constructed assets tends to be minimal but tends to increase over time as such assets age and experience wear and tear. Regardless of whether assets result from sustaining or expansion capital expenditures, once completed, the addition of such assets to our depreciable asset base will impact our calculation of depreciation, depletion and amortization over the remaining useful lives of the impacted or resulting assets.

Generally, the determination of whether a capital expenditure is classified as sustaining or as expansion capital expenditures is made on a project level. The classification of our capital expenditures as expansion capital expenditures or as sustaining capital expenditures is made consistent with our accounting policies and is generally a straightforward process, but in certain circumstances can be a matter of management judgment and discretion.

Our capital expenditures for the six months ended June 30, 2025, and the amount we expect to spend for the remainder of 2025 to sustain our assets and expand our business are as follows:

Six Months Ended June 30, 20252025 RemainingExpected 2025
(In millions)
Capital expenditures:
Sustaining capital expenditures$407$531$938
Expansion capital expenditures9591,2232,182
Accrued capital expenditures, contractor retainage and other47——
Capital expenditures$1,413$1,754$3,120
Add:
Sustaining capital expenditures of unconsolidated joint ventures(a)$88$96$184
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures(b)6799166
Less: Consolidated joint venture partners’ sustaining capital expenditures(4)(6)(10)
Less: Consolidated joint venture partners’ expansion capital expenditures(5)(3)(8)
Less: Insurance reimbursement related to a sustaining capital expenditure(14)—(14)
Acquisition648—648
Accrued capital expenditures, contractor retainage and other(47)——
Total capital investments$2,146$1,940$4,086

(a)Sustaining capital expenditures by our joint ventures generally do not require cash outlays by us.

(b)Reflects cash contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures. Also includes contributions to an unconsolidated joint venture that are netted within the amount the joint venture declares as a distribution to us.

Our capital investments consist of the following:

Six Months Ended June 30, 20252025 RemainingExpected 2025
(In millions)
Sustaining capital investments
Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment$407$531$938
Sustaining capital expenditures of unconsolidated joint ventures(a)8896184
Less: Consolidated joint venture partners’ sustaining capital expenditures(4)(6)(10)
Less: Insurance reimbursement related to a sustaining capital expenditure(14)—(14)
Total sustaining capital investments4776211,098
Expansion capital investments
Capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment9591,2232,182
Investments in unconsolidated joint ventures(b)6799166
Less: Consolidated joint venture partners’ expansion capital expenditures(5)(3)(8)
Acquisition648—648
Total expansion capital investments1,6691,3192,988
Total capital investments$2,146$1,940$4,086

(a)Sustaining capital expenditures by our joint ventures generally do not require cash outlays by us.

(b)Reflects cash contributions to unconsolidated joint ventures. Also includes contributions to an unconsolidated joint venture that are netted within the amount the joint venture declares as a distribution to us.

Off Balance Sheet Arrangements

There have been no material changes in our obligations with respect to other entities that are not consolidated in our financial statements that would affect the disclosures presented as of December 31, 2024 in our 2024 Form 10-K.

Commitments for the purchase of property, plant and equipment as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 were $1,140 million and $809 million, respectively. The increase of $331 million was primarily driven by an increase of capital commitments related to our Natural Gas Pipelines business segment.

Cash Flows

The following table summarizes our net cash flows provided by (used in) operating, investing and financing activities between 2025 and 2024.

Six Months Ended June 30,
20252024Changes
(In millions)
Net Cash Provided by (Used in)
Operating activities$2,811$2,876$(65)
Investing activities(2,039)(1,172)(867)
Financing activities(789)(1,676)887
Net (decrease) increase in Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Deposits$(17)$28$(45)

Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was relatively flat for the comparable six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024.

Investing Activities

$867 million more cash used in investing activities in the comparable six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is explained by the following discussion:

  • $648 million in cash used for the Outrigger Energy acquisition in the 2025 period: and

  • a $213 million increase in capital expenditures primarily driven by expansion projects in our Natural Gas Pipelines, CO2, and Products Pipelines business segments, partially offset by a decrease in our Terminals business segment.

Financing Activities

$887 million less cash used in financing activities in the comparable six-month periods ended June 30, 2025 and 2024 is explained by the following discussion:

  • a $912 million increase in cash related to debt activity primarily as a result of higher commercial paper notes payments in 2024 following our STX Midstream acquisition.

Dividends

We expect to declare dividends of $1.17 per share on our stock for 2025. The table below reflects our 2025 dividends declared:

Three months endedTotal quarterly dividend per share for the periodDate of declarationDate of recordDate of dividend
March 31, 2025$0.2925April 16, 2025April 30, 2025May 15, 2025
June 30, 20250.2925July 16, 2025July 31, 2025August 15, 2025

The actual amount of dividends to be paid on our capital stock will depend on many factors, including our financial condition and results of operations, liquidity requirements, business prospects, capital requirements, legal, regulatory and contractual constraints, tax laws, Delaware laws and other factors. See Item 1A. “Risk Factors—Risks Related to Ownership of Our Capital Stock—The guidance we provide for our anticipated dividends is based on estimates. Circumstances may arise that lead to conflicts between using funds to pay anticipated dividends or to invest in our business.” of our 2024 Form 10-K. All of these matters will be taken into consideration by our board of directors when declaring dividends.

Our dividends are not cumulative. Consequently, if dividends on our stock are not paid at the intended levels, our stockholders are not entitled to receive those payments in the future. Our dividends generally will be paid on or about the 15th day of each February, May, August and November.

Summarized Combined Financial Information for Guarantee of Securities of Subsidiaries

KMI and certain subsidiaries (Subsidiary Issuers) are issuers of certain debt securities. KMI and substantially all of KMI’s wholly owned domestic subsidiaries (Subsidiary Guarantors), are parties to a cross guarantee agreement whereby each party to the agreement unconditionally guarantees, jointly and severally, the payment of specified indebtedness of each other party to the agreement. Accordingly, with the exception of certain subsidiaries identified as subsidiary non-guarantors (Subsidiary Non-Guarantors), the parent issuer, Subsidiary Issuers and Subsidiary Guarantors (the “Obligated Group”) are all guarantors of each series of our guaranteed debt (Guaranteed Notes). As a result of the cross guarantee agreement, a holder of any of the Guaranteed Notes issued by KMI or a Subsidiary Issuer is in the same position with respect to the net assets, and income of KMI and the Subsidiary Issuers and Guarantors. The only amounts that are not available to the holders of each of the Guaranteed Notes to satisfy the repayment of such securities are the net assets, and income of the Subsidiary Non-Guarantors.

In lieu of providing separate financial statements for the Obligated Group, we have presented the accompanying supplemental summarized combined income statement and balance sheet information for the Obligated Group based on Rule 13-01 of the SEC’s Regulation S-X. Also, see Exhibit 10.1 to this report “Cross Guarantee Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2014, among KMI and certain of its subsidiaries, with schedules updated as of June 30, 2025.”

All significant intercompany items among the Obligated Group have been eliminated in the supplemental summarized combined financial information. The Obligated Group’s investment balances in Subsidiary Non-Guarantors have been excluded from the supplemental summarized combined financial information. Significant intercompany balances and activity for the Obligated Group with other related parties, including Subsidiary Non-Guarantors (referred to as “affiliates”), are presented separately in the accompanying supplemental summarized combined financial information.

Excluding fair value adjustments, as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, the Obligated Group had $31,792 million and $31,052 million, respectively, of Guaranteed Notes outstanding.

Summarized combined balance sheet and income statement information for the Obligated Group follows:

Summarized Combined Balance Sheet InformationJune 30, 2025December 31, 2024
(In millions)
Current assets$2,167$2,216
Current assets - affiliates766735
Noncurrent assets64,32363,267
Noncurrent assets - affiliates794813
Total Assets$68,050$67,031
Current liabilities$3,325$4,737
Current liabilities - affiliates743758
Noncurrent liabilities36,24534,052
Noncurrent liabilities - affiliates1,7011,561
Total Liabilities42,01441,108
Kinder Morgan, Inc.’s stockholders’ equity26,03625,923
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity$68,050$67,031
Summarized Combined Income Statement InformationThree Months Ended June 30, 2025Six Months Ended June 30, 2025
(In millions)
Revenues$3,689$7,593
Operating income1,0092,032
Net income5891,203

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