Kroger 10-Q 2025-08-16

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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FORM 10-Q

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☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

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For the quarterly period ended August 16, 2025

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☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

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For the transition period from to

Commission file number 1-303

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The Kroger Co.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

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Ohio	​	31-0345740
(State or other jurisdiction of	​	(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)	​	Identification No.)

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1014 Vine Street**,** Cincinnati**,** Ohio 45202

(Address of principal executive offices)

(Zip Code)

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(513) 762-4000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

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Unchanged

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

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Title of each class	Trading Symbol	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common, $1.00 Par Value	KR	New York Stock Exchange

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15 (d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

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Large accelerated filer	☒	​	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	​	Smaller reporting company	☐
​	​	​	Emerging growth company	☐

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If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒.

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There were 662,678,212 shares of Common Stock ($1 par value) outstanding as of September 16, 2025.

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PART I – FINANCIAL INFORMATION

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Item 1.	Financial Statements.

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THE KROGER CO.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(unaudited)

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​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​	​	Second Quarter Ended					​	Two Quarters Ended					​
​	​	August 16,		​	August 17,		​	August 16,		​	August 17,		​
(In millions, except per share amounts)		2025			2024			2025			2024
Sales	​	$	33,940	​	$	33,912	​	$	79,058	​	$	79,181	​
​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
Operating expenses	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
Merchandise costs, including advertising, warehousing, and transportation, excluding items shown separately below	​		26,130	​		26,261	​		60,681	​		61,385	​
Operating, general and administrative	​		5,967	​		5,886	​		13,890	​		13,490	​
Rent	​		202	​		199	​		473	​		469	​
Depreciation and amortization	​		778	​		751	​		1,829	​		1,728	​
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Operating profit	​		863	​		815	​		2,185	​		2,109	​
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Other income (expense)	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
Net interest expense (see Note 2)	​	​	(144)	​	​	(84)	​	​	(343)	​	​	(207)	​
Non-service component of company-sponsored pension plan (expense) benefits	​	​	(3)	​	​	3	​	​	(4)	​	​	6	​
Gain (loss) on investments	​	​	56	​	​	(121)	​	​	37	​	​	(105)	​
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Net earnings before income tax expense	​		772	​		613	​		1,875	​		1,803	​
​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
Income tax expense	​		162	​		148	​		397	​		382	​
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Net earnings including noncontrolling interests	​		610	​		465	​		1,478	​		1,421	​
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests	​		1	​		(1)	​		3	​		8	​
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Net earnings attributable to The Kroger Co.	​	$	609	​	$	466	​	$	1,475	​	$	1,413	​
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Net earnings attributable to The Kroger Co. per basic common share	​	$	0.91	​	$	0.64	​	$	2.22	​	$	1.94	​
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Average number of common shares used in basic calculation	​		662	​		723	​		661	​		722	​
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Net earnings attributable to The Kroger Co. per diluted common share	​	$	0.91	​	$	0.64	​	$	2.20	​	$	1.93	​
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Average number of common shares used in diluted calculation	​		665	​		727	​		664	​		728	​

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The accompanying notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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THE KROGER CO.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(unaudited)

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​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
​		Second Quarter Ended					​	Two Quarters Ended					​
​	​	August 16,		​	August 17,		​	August 16,		​	August 17,		​
(In millions)		2025			2024			2025			2024
Net earnings including noncontrolling interests	​	$	610	​	$	465	​	$	1,478	​	$	1,421	​
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Other comprehensive income (loss)	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
Change in pension and other postretirement defined benefit plans, net of income tax(1)	​	​	2	​	​	—	​	​	1	​	​	(2)	​
Unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedging activities, net of income tax(2)	​		(1)	​		(123)	​		—	​		(53)	​
Amortization of unrealized gains and losses on cash flo

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The following analysis should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT

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This discussion and analysis contains certain forward-looking statements about our future performance. These statements are based on management’s assumptions and beliefs in light of the information currently available to it. Such statements are indicated by words such as “accelerate,” “achieve,” “affect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “committed,” “confident,” “continue,” “could,” “drive,” “enable,” “ensure,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “goals,” “initiatives,” “maintain,” “may,” “model,” “plan,” “position,” “strategy,” “target,” “trend,” and “will,” and similar words or phrases. These forward-looking statements are subject to uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially. These include the specific risk factors identified in “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for our last fiscal year and any subsequent filings, as well as those identified in this Form 10-Q.

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Various uncertainties and other factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. These include:

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	●	The extent to which our sources of liquidity are sufficient to meet our requirements may be affected by the state of the financial markets and the effect that such condition has on our ability to issue commercial paper at acceptable rates. Our ability to borrow under our committed lines of credit, including our bank credit facilities, could be impaired if one or more of our lenders under those lines is unwilling or unable to honor its contractual obligation to lend to us, or in the event that global pandemics, natural disasters or weather conditions interfere with the ability of our lenders to lend to us. Our ability to refinance maturing debt may be affected by the state of the financial markets.

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	●	Our ability to achieve sales, earnings and incremental FIFO operating profit goals may be affected by: labor negotiations; potential work stoppages; changes in the unemployment rate; pressures in the labor market; changes in government-funded benefit programs; changes in the types and numbers of businesses that compete with us; pricing and promotional activities of existing and new competitors, and the aggressiveness of that competition; our response to these actions; the state of the economy, including interest rates, the inflationary, disinflationary and/or deflationary trends and such trends in certain commodities, products and/or operating costs; the geopolitical environment including wars and conflicts; unstable political situations and social unrest; changes in tariffs; the effect that fuel costs have on consumer spending; volatility of fuel margins; manufacturing commodity costs; supply constraints; diesel fuel costs related to our logistics operations; trends in consumer spending; the extent to which our customers exercise caution in their purchasing in response to economic conditions; the uncertainty of economic growth or recession; stock repurchases; changes in the regulatory environment in which we operate, along with changes in federal policy and at regulatory agencies; our ability to retain pharmacy sales from third-party payors; consolidation in the healthcare industry, including pharmacy benefit managers; our ability to negotiate modifications to multi-employer pension plans; natural disasters or adverse weather conditions; the effect of public health crises or other significant catastrophic events; the potential costs and risks associated with potential cyber-attacks or data security breaches; the success of our future growth plans; the ability to execute our growth strategy and value creation model, including continued cost savings, growth of our alternative profit businesses, and our ability to better serve our customers and to generate customer loyalty and sustainable growth through our strategic pillars of Fresh, Our Brands, personalization, and eCommerce; the outcome of litigation matters, including those relating to the terminated transaction with Albertsons; and the risks relating to or arising from our opioid litigation settlements, including the risk of litigation relating to persons, entities, or jurisdictions that do not participate in those settlements.

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	●	Our ability to achieve these goals may also be affected by our ability to manage the factors identified above. Our ability to execute our financial strategy may be affected by our ability to generate cash flow.

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	●	Our adjusted effective tax rate may differ from the expected rate due to changes in tax laws and policies, the status of pending items with various taxing authorities and the deductibility of certain expenses.

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Statements elsewhere in this report and below regarding our expectations, projections, beliefs, intentions or strategies are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. While we believe that the statements are accurate, uncertainties about the general economy, our labor relations, our ability to execute our plans on a timely basis and other uncertainties described in this report and other reports that we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission could cause actual results to differ materially. We assume no obligation to update the information contained in this report unless required by applicable law.

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OUR VALUE CREATION MODEL – DELIVERING CONSISTENT AND ATTRACTIVE TOTAL SHAREHOLDER RETURN

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Kroger’s proven value creation model is allowing us to deliver today and invest for the future. The foundation of our value creation model is our omnichannel retail business, including fuel and health and wellness. By executing on our go-to- market strategy built on the four pillars of Fresh, Our Brands, Personalization and eCommerce, we are creating a shopping experience that builds loyalty and grows sales. Our retail business generates traffic and data which accelerates growth in our high operating margin alternative profit businesses, like retail media. In turn, the value generated from these businesses enables us to reinvest back into our retail business.

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We are focused on enhancing our pillars and delivering an exceptional customer experience to accelerate this flywheel effect. By expanding our store network and improving our eCommerce capabilities, we expect to grow households and increase sales. Our model provides various ways to generate net earnings growth.

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This will be achieved by:

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	●	Growing identical sales without fuel. Our plan involves maximizing growth opportunities in our retail business and is supported by continued strategic investments in our associates and greater value for our customers to ensure we deliver a full, fresh and friendly experience for every customer, every time. In an effort to serve more households, we will invest in major storing projects that allow us to increase both in store and eCommerce sales. As more and more customers incorporate eCommerce into their permanent routines, we expect eCommerce sales to grow at a double-digit rate – a faster pace than other food at home sales – over time; and

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	●	Expanding operating margin through long-term initiatives in gross margin, growing alternative profit businesses and productivity and cost savings initiatives that are focused on simplifying our business and modernizing our ways of working. Together, these will enable us to improve operating margin, while balancing strategic price investments for customers and investments in associates to improve customer experience.

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We expect to continue to generate strong free cash flow and are committed to being disciplined with capital deployment in support of ou

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There have been no material changes in our exposure to market risk from the information provided in Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 1, 2025.

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As of August 16, 2025, we had no forward-starting interest rate swap agreements or treasury lock agreements outstanding.

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The Interim Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, together with a disclosure review committee appointed by the Interim Chief Executive Officer, evaluated Kroger’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the quarter ended August 16, 2025, the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, Kroger’s Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that Kroger’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15(d)-15(e) of the Exchange Act) were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report to provide reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Interim Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

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The Company is in the process of implementing a broad, multi-year, technology transformation project to modernize mainframe, middleware and legacy systems to achieve better process efficiencies across customer service, merchandising, sourcing, payroll and accounting through the use of various solutions. There have been no material additional implementations of modules during the quarter ended August 16, 2025. As the Company’s technology transformation project continues, the Company continues to emphasize the maintenance of effective internal control and assessment of the design and operating effectiveness of key control activities throughout development and deployment of each phase and will evaluate as additional phases are deployed.

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There were no changes in Kroger’s internal control over financial reporting that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, Kroger’s internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended August 16, 2025.

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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

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Incorporated by reference herein is information regarding certain legal proceedings in which we are involved as set forth under “Litigation” contained in Note 5 – “Commitments and Contingencies” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 1 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

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(c)

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

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​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	Approximate
​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	Dollar Value of
​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	Shares that May
​	​	​	​	​	​	​	Total Number of	​	Yet Be
​	​	​	​	​	​	​	Shares Purchased	​	Purchased
​	​	Total Number	​	Average		​	as Part of Publicly	​	Under the Plans
​	​	of Shares	​	Price Paid Per		​	Announced Plans	​	or Programs(4)(5)
Period(1)		Purchased(2)	​	Share(2)			or Programs(3)	​	(in millions)
First four weeks	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
May 25, 2025 to June 21, 2025		2,999	​	$	66.20		2,999	​	$	2,500	​
Second four weeks	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
June 22, 2025 to July 19, 2025		944,754	​	$	71.50		250,355	​	$	2,500	​
Third four weeks	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​	​
July 20, 2025 to August 16, 2025		60,098	​	$	72.35		60,098	​	$	2,500	​
Total		1,007,851	​	$	71.53		313,452	​	$	2,500	​

(1)	The reported periods conform to our fiscal calendar composed of thirteen 28-day periods. The second quarter of 2025 contained three 28-day periods.

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(2)

Includes (i) shares repurchased under a program announced on December 6, 1999 to repurchase common shares to reduce dilution resulting from our employee stock option and long-term incentive plans, under which repurchases are limited to proceeds received from exercises of stock options and the tax benefits associated therewith (“1999 Repurchase Program”) and (ii) 694,399 shares that were surrendered to the Company by participants under our long-term incentive plans to pay for taxes on restricted stock awards.

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(3)	Represents shares repurchased under the 1999 Repurchase Program.

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(4)

On December 11, 2024, our board of directors approved a $7.5 billion share repurchase program to reacquire shares via open market purchase or privately negotiated transactions, including accelerated share repurchase (“ASR”) transactions, block trades, or pursuant to trades intending to comply with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “December 2024 Repurchase Program”). The amounts shown in this column reflect the amount remaining under the December 2024 Repurchase Program as of the specified period end dates. Amounts available under the 1999 Repurchase Program are dependent on exercise activity. The authority remaining under the December 2024 Repurchase Program and the 1999 Repurchase Program do not have an expiration date but may be suspended or terminated by our Board of Directors at any time.

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(5)	Reflects the reduction of the unsettled accelerated share repurchase of $1.0 billion and excludes excise tax on share repurchases in excess of issuances.

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(c)

In the second quarter of 2025, no director or officer (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 16a-1(f)) of the Company adopted or terminated a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement for the purchase or sale of securities of the Company, within the meaning of Item 408 of Regulation S-K.

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EXHIBIT 2.1	-	Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 13, 2022, by and among the Company, Parent and Merger Sub, is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of the Company’s 8-K filed with the SEC on October 14, 2022.
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EXHIBIT 3.1	-	Amended Articles of Incorporation are hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 22, 2010, as amended by the Amendment to Amended Articles of Incorporation, which is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended May 23, 2015.
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EXHIBIT 3.2	-	The Company’s regulations are hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 27, 2019.
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EXHIBIT 4.1	-	Indenture, dated as of June 25, 1999, between the Company and Firstar Bank, National Association, as Trustee which is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 20, 1999.
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EXHIBIT 4.2	-	Fiftieth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 27, 2024 between the Company and U.S. Bank National Association (formerly known as Firstar Bank, National Association), as Trustee which is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on August 27, 2024.
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EXHIBIT 10.1	-	Credit Agreement, dated as of September 13, 2024, by and among the Company, the lenders from time to time party thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Citibank, N.A., as co-administrative agents, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the paying agent, which is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 13, 2024.
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EXHIBIT 10.2	-	Amendment No. 1 to Credit Agreement, dated as of October 8, 2024, by and among the Company, the lenders party thereto, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association and Citibank, N.A., as co-administrative agents, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as the paying agent, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of September 13, 2024, which is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 9, 2024.
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EXHIBIT 10.3	-	Amendment No. 2 to Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of September 13, 2024, by and among the Company, the lenders party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2022, which is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 13, 2024.
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EXHIBIT 10.4	-	Amendment No. 3 to Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of October 8, 2024, by and among the Company, the lenders party thereto and Citibank, N.A., as administrative agent, to the Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of November 9, 2022, which is hereby incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 9, 2024.
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EXHIBIT 31.1*	-	Rule 13a—14(a) / 15d—14(a) Certifications — Principal Executive Officer.
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EXHIBIT 31.2*	-	Rule 13a—14(a) / 15d—14(a) Certifications — Principal Financial Officer.
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EXHIBIT 32.1*	-	Section 1350 Certifications.
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EXHIBIT 101.INS*	-	XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.

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EXHIBIT 101.SCH*	-	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
EXHIBIT 101.CAL*	-	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
EXHIBIT 101.DEF*	-	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.
EXHIBIT 101.LAB*	-	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
EXHIBIT 101.PRE*	-	XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.
EXHIBIT 104	-	Cover Page Interactive Data File - The cover page interactive data file does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
*Filed herewith	​	​
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SIGNATURES

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Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

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​	THE KROGER CO.
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Dated: September 19, 2025	By:	/s/ Ronald L. Sargent
​	​	Ronald L. Sargent
​	​	Chairman of the Board and Interim Chief Executive Officer
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Dated: September 19, 2025	By:	/s/ David J. C. Kennerley
​	​	David J. C. Kennerley
​	​	Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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