Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

COVID-19 Risk

There are a number of market risk factors related to the COVID-19 pandemic and associated global economic impacts. We continue to actively evaluate these risks, and have taken reserves and financial positions as of December 31, 2022 that we believe are reasonable based on the information currently available. However, the COVID-19 pandemic and related regional shelter-in-place orders are unprecedented events that are continually evolving, and there could be significant changes and/or charges resulting in the future. These market risks include, for example:

• Accounts receivable collectability - there could be significant bad debt expenses incurred if our customers experience financial difficulties.

• Accounts receivable collections timing - our working capital and cash flows could be impacted if we start to agree to longer payment terms for our customers. A broader market move to longer payment terms could delay our collection timing as well.

• Inventory (excess and obsolete) - our customers may not be able to purchase inventory that we have built for them, or their demand may slow down to a point where inventory becomes aged. Conversely, we expect to see supply chain shortages and demand outpacing supply in a number of product lines. Such shortages can lead to increased inventory levels, higher purchase prices, and slower manufacturing lead times.

• Short-term investment values - an increase in prevailing interest rates occasioned by U.S. Federal monetary policy “tapering” to address inflation could lead to a decrease in the value of our investment portfolio.

• Long-term assets such as fixed assets, goodwill, and intangibles - a market slowdown could impair the value of these assets.

• Tax valuation - we have significant net operating losses (“NOLs”) in the United States which have associated deferred tax assets on our balance sheet, and these could be deemed unrecoverable in the future.

In addition, all of the below market risks are heightened in light of the current macroeconomic environment. Foreign exchange markets could be impacted and cause significant fluctuations in our future expenses. The price of our common stock has fluctuated significantly in the past and global equity markets have continued to experience significant volatility following the COVID-19 outbreak and in light of broader macroeconomic uncertainty.

Foreign Exchange Risk

We conduct our business and sell our products to customers primarily in Asia, Europe and North America. Due to the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates between the U.S. Dollar and foreign currencies, for the three and six months ended December 31, 2022, we recorded foreign exchange gains (losses), net of $4.1 million loss and a $4.9 million gain, respectively, in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Although we sell primarily in the U.S. Dollar, we have foreign currency exchange risks related to our expenses denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar, principally the Chinese Yuan, Canadian Dollar, Thai Baht, Japanese Yen, UK Pound, Swiss Franc and Euro. The volatility of exchange rates depends on many factors that we cannot forecast with reliable accuracy. In the event our foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities, sales or expenses increase, our operating results may be more greatly affected by fluctuations in the exchange rates of the currencies in which we do business as compared with the U.S. dollar.

Equity Price Risk

We are exposed to equity price risk related to the conversion options embedded in our 2028 Notes, 2026 Notes and 2024 Notes.

We issued the 2028 Notes in March 2022, the 2026 Notes in December 2019 and the 2024 Notes in March 2017 with an aggregate principal amount of $861.0 million, $1,050.0 million and $450.0 million, respectively. The 2028 Notes and 2026 Notes are carried at face value less issuance costs, while the 2024 Notes are carried at face value less amortized discount and issuance costs on the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The 2028 Notes, 2026 Notes and the 2024 Notes bear interest at a rate of 0.50%, 0.50% and 0.25% per year, respectively. Since the convertible notes bear interest at fixed rates, we have no financial statement risk associated with changes in market interest rates. However, the potential value of the shares to be distributed to the holders of our convertible notes changes when the market price of our stock fluctuates. The 2028 Notes and 2026 Notes will mature on June 15, 2028 and December 15, 2026, respectively, unless earlier repurchased by us or converted pursuant to their terms, at a conversion price of approximately $131.03 per share for the 2028 Notes and approximately $99.29 per share for the 2026 Notes. The 2024 Notes will mature on March 15, 2024, unless earlier repurchased by us or converted pursuant to their terms, at a conversion price of approximately $60.62 per share.

Interest Rate Fluctuation Risk

As of December 31, 2022, we had cash, cash equivalents, and short-term investments of $1,680.4 million. Cash equivalents and short-term investments are primarily comprised of money market funds, treasuries, agencies, high quality investment grade fixed income securities, certificates of deposit and commercial paper. Our investment policy and strategy is focused on the preservation of capital and supporting our liquidity requirements. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. As of December 31, 2022, the weighted-average life of our investment portfolio was about six months.

Our fixed-income portfolio is subject to fluctuations in interest rates, which could affect our results of operations. Based on our investment portfolio balance as of December 31, 2022, a hypothetical increase or decrease in interest rates of 1% (100 basis points) would have resulted in a decrease or an increase in the fair value of our portfolio of approximately $5.3 million, and a hypothetical increase or decrease in interest rates of 0.50% (50 basis points) would have resulted in a decrease or an increase in the fair value of our portfolio of approximately $2.6 million.

Bank Liquidity Risk

As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $383.3 million of unrestricted cash (excluding cash equivalents) in operating accounts that are held with domestic and international financial institutions. These cash balances could be lost or become inaccessible if the underlying financial institutions fail or if they are unable to meet the liquidity requirements of their depositors and if they are not supported by the national government of the country in which such financial institution is located. Notwithstanding, we have not incurred any losses to date and have had full access to our operating accounts. We believe any failures of domestic and international financial institutions could impact our ability to fund our operations in the short term.