Item 2. Properties

We have two main campuses in Massachusetts. During the third quarter of 2023, we commenced a lease for a property in Cambridge, Massachusetts. This building, spanning approximately 462,000 square feet, is designated as our Moderna Science Center (MSC). The MSC accommodates a combination of scientific and office spaces, including our principal executive offices, and is the location of our corporate headquarters and platform, drug discovery, and clinical development activities. The lease has a term of 15 years, with options for us to extend the lease for up to two additional seven-year terms.

The Moderna Technology Center (MTC) is located in Norwood, Massachusetts and is primarily comprised of three buildings (MTC South, MTC North and MTC East). The MTC campus is approximately 722,000 square feet and includes lab and office space, directly supporting our manufacturing capabilities and commercial and clinical activities. In December 2024, we completed the acquisition of the MTC campus, including the underlying land and buildings. This acquisition transitioned the facilities from leased to owned properties, providing greater operational flexibility and long-term stability in supporting our manufacturing and development capabilities.

In the second quarter of 2023, we acquired a newly constructed biomanufacturing facility, encompassing 140,000 square feet, in Marlborough, Massachusetts. This facility underwent enhancements, including the addition of 60,000 square feet to the existing structure. The facility includes state-of-the-art mRNA manufacturing areas, including a full manufacturing clean room, quality control laboratories, and a just-in-time satellite warehouse. The Marlborough facility became operational in August 2025 and is intended to support our intismeran autogene program.

In September 2024, we completed construction of our mRNA manufacturing facility in Laval, Quebec, Canada, which we own, and the facility received a Drug Establishment License from Health Canada authorizing the production of mRNA vaccine drug substance. The facility encompasses approximately 100,000 square feet of manufacturing space and has the capacity to produce up to 100 million doses annually. In 2025, the facility began manufacturing drug substance for our Spikevax, supporting domestic mRNA vaccine production for Canada. In December 2025, Health Canada approved the addition of the Laval drug substance site for mRESVIA production, representing the second product approval for the Canadian supply chain.

We own a large-scale mRNA manufacturing facility, the Moderna Technology Centre – Melbourne (MTC-M), located in Clayton, Victoria, Australia, within Monash University’s Technology Precinct. The facility encompasses approximately 130,000 square feet of manufacturing space and is designed to support end-to-end mRNA vaccine manufacturing, with the capacity to produce up to 100 million doses annually. In August 2025, the facility received full Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) licensing, authorizing the manufacture of mRNA vaccine drug substance and finished drug product in compliance with applicable regulatory standards.

We own the Moderna Innovation and Technology Centre (MITC), a manufacturing and research facility located at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus in Oxfordshire, United Kingdom. The facility, which officially opened in September 2025, encompasses approximately 100,000 square feet and is designed to support mRNA vaccine manufacturing and related research activities. The MITC has the capacity to produce up to 100 million doses annually and up to approximately 250 million doses in the event of a pandemic. The facility is intended to produce British-made mRNA respiratory vaccines to support the National Health Service (NHS) seasonal vaccination programs and also supports research into the application of mRNA technology in additional disease areas.

We also own and lease various parcels of land, office and lab spaces across the globe for our business operations.