Micron Technology 10-K 2021-09-02

Filed 2021-10-08. 23 sections, 386K characters. Original on sec.gov · Markdown · JSON

What changed since the 2020-09-03 10-KNew, removed and reworded risk factor headings, then every item sentence by sentence.

Cover and table of contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)
☒ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended September 2, 2021

OR

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 1-10658

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Micron Technology, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware75-1618004
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(IRS Employer Identification No.)
8000 S. Federal Way, Boise, Idaho83716-9632
(Address of principal executive offices)(Zip Code)
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code(208) 368-4000
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Title of each classTrading SymbolName of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.10 per shareMUNasdaq Global Select Market

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes☒No☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.Yes☐No☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.Yes☒No☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).Yes☒No☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
Large Accelerated FilerAccelerated FilerNon-Accelerated FilerSmaller Reporting CompanyEmerging Growth Company
☒☐☐☐☐
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report.☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).Yes☐No☒

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates was $79.9 billion based on the closing price reported on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on March 4, 2021. Shares of common stock held by each executive officer and director and by each person who owns 5% or more of the outstanding common stock were excluded as they may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

The number of outstanding shares of the registrant’s common stock as of October 1, 2021 was 1,118,623,738.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Proxy Statement for the registrant’s Fiscal 2021 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held on January 13, 2022 are incorporated by reference into Part II and Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Micron Corporate Profilemu-20210902_g2.jpg
Founded on October 5, 1978 Headquartered in Boise, Idaho, USA $27.7B FY21 annual revenue 4th Largest semiconductor company in the world* 135 On the 2021 Fortune 500 47,500+ Patents granted and growing** 17 Countries** 12 Manufacturing sites and 14 customer labs** ~43,000 Team members**
It’s All About Data
Data is today’s new business currency, and memory and storage are a critical foundation for the data economy. Memory and storage innovations will help transform society and enable significant value for all**.**
Who We Are
Micron designs, develops and manufactures industry-leading memory and storage products. By providing foundational capability for AI and 5G across data center, the intelligent edge, and consumer devices, we unlock innovation across industries including healthcare, automotive and communications. Our technology and expertise are central to maximizing value from cutting-edge computing applications and new business models which disrupt and advance the industry.
Our Vision
As a global leader in memory and storage solutions, we are transforming how the world uses information to enrich life for all. By advancing technologies to collect, store and manage data with unprecedented speed and efficiency, we lead the transformation of data to intelligence. In a world of change, we remain nimble, delivering products that help inspire the world to learn, communicate and advance faster than ever.
Our Commitment
*Based on Gartner Market Share: Semiconductors by End Market, Worldwide, 2020 (April 2021), excluding IP/software revenue. **Micron data as of September 2, 2021.Our customers depend on our innovative solutions every day. We dedicate ourselves to demonstrating our environmental conscience, an inclusive team culture where all voices are heard and respected, and engaging in our communities to enrich life for all.
Media Inquiries mediarelations@micron.com Government Inquiries govaffairs@micron.com Investor Inquiries investorrelations@micron.comGlobal Product Portfolio
DRAM | NAND | NOR | Solid-State Drives | Graphics and High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) | Managed NAND and Multichip Packages
Connect with us on micron.com
© 2021 Micron Technology, Inc. Micron, the Micron orbit logo, the M orbit logo, Intelligence AcceleratedTM, and other Micron trademarks are the property of Micron Technology, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Products and specifications are subject to change without notice. Rev 10/21 CCMMD-1707390403-3712

Micron’s Global Footprint

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Micron’s global footprint map highlights locations that include our manufacturing sites, centers of excellence, customer labs, and large offices. Not all Micron locations are represented on this map.

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Table of Contents

Introduction
PART I
Item 1.Business3
Item 1A.Risk Factors17
Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments36
Item 2.Properties36
Item 3.Legal Proceedings37
Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures37
PART II
Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities37
Item 6.[Reserved]39
Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations39
Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk47
Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data48
Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure85
Item 9A.Controls and Procedures85
Item 9B.Other Information85
Item 9C.Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections85
PART III
Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance86
Item 11.Executive Compensation86
Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters86
Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence86
Item 14.Principal Accountant Fees and Services86
PART IV
Item 15.Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedule87
Item 16.Form 10-K Summary90
Signatures91

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Forward-Looking Statements

This Form 10-K contains trend information and other forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties. Such forward-looking statements may be identified by words such as "anticipate," "expect," "intend," "pledge," "committed," "plans," "opportunities," "future," "believe," "target," "on track," "estimate," "continue," "likely," "may," "will," "would," "should," "could," and variations of such words and similar expressions. However, the absence of these words or similar expressions does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Specific forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements such as those made regarding the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (“COVID-19”) to our business; expected bit shipments; the completion of and timing for closing the pending sale of our Lehi facility; the sufficiency of our cash and investments; the payment of future cash dividends; and capital spending in 2022. Our actual results could differ materially from our historical results and those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially include, but are not limited to, those identified in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors.”

Definitions of Commonly Used Terms

As used herein, “we,” “our,” “us,” and similar terms include Micron Technology, Inc. and our consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise. Abbreviations, terms, or acronyms are commonly used or found in multiple locations throughout this report and include the following:

TermDefinitionTermDefinition
2023 Notes2.497% Senior Notes due 2023LPDDRLow-Power Double Data Rate DRAM
2024 Notes4.640% Senior Notes due 2024LPDRAMLow-Power DRAM
2024 Term Loan ASenior Term Loan A due 2024 entered into on May 14, 2021MCPMultichip packaged solutions with managed NAND and LPDRAM.
2025 Notes5.500% Senior Notes due 2025MicronMicron Technology, Inc. (Parent Company)
2026 Notes4.975% Senior Notes due 2026MTUMicron Technology Utah, LLC
2027 Notes4.185% Senior Notes due 2027NVMeHardware interface for SSDs that connect via a PCIe bus.
2029 Notes5.327% Senior Notes due 2029OEMOriginal Equipment Manufacturer
2030 Notes4.663% Senior Notes due 2030PCIeHigh-speed motherboard connection for peripheral devices such as storage drives.
2032D Notes3.125% Convertible Senior Notes due 2032QimondaQimonda AG
DDRDouble Data Rate DRAMQLCQuad-Level Cell (four bits per cell)
EBITDAEarnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortizationRevolving Credit Facility$2.5 billion Revolving Credit Facility due May 2026
EUVExtreme ultraviolet lithographySATAHardware interface for connecting to storage devices such as hard disk drives and SSDs.
Extinguished 2024 Term Loan ASenior Term Loan A due 2024 repaid on May 14, 2021SLCSingle-Level Cell (one bit per cell)
GDDRGraphics Double Data RateSOFRSecured Overnight Financing Rate
ICIntegrated CircuitSSDSolid State Drive
IMFTIM Flash Technologies, LLCTITexas Instruments Incorporated
InoteraInotera Memories, Inc.TLCTriple-Level Cell (three bits per cell)
IntelIntel CorporationUFSUniversal Flash Storage
LIBORLondon Interbank Offered RateuMCPUFS-based MCP

Micron, Crucial, any associated logos, and all other Micron trademarks are the property of Micron. Intel and 3D XPoint are trademarks of Intel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other product names or trademarks that are not owned by Micron are for identification purposes only and may be the trademarks of their respective owners.

All period references are to our fiscal periods unless otherwise indicated. Our fiscal year is the 52 or 53-week period ending on the Thursday closest to August 31. Fiscal 2021 contained 52 weeks, fiscal 2020 contained 53 weeks, and fiscal 2019 contained 52 weeks. Our fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 contained 14 weeks and all other fiscal quarters in the years presented contained 13 weeks.

2 | 2021 10-K

PART I

Item 1. BUSINESS

Overview

Micron Technology, Inc., including its consolidated subsidiaries, is an industry leader in innovative memory and storage solutions transforming how the world uses information to enrich life for all. With a relentless focus on our customers, technology leadership, and manufacturing and operational excellence, Micron delivers a rich portfolio of high-performance DRAM, NAND, and NOR memory and storage products through our Micron® and Crucial® brands. Every day, the innovations that our people create fuel the data economy, enabling advances in artificial intelligence and 5G applications that unleash opportunities — from the data center to the intelligent edge and across the client and mobile user experience.

We manufacture our products at wholly-owned facilities and also utilize subcontractors to perform certain manufacturing processes. We make significant investments to develop proprietary product and process technology, which are implemented in our manufacturing facilities. Advancements in product and process technology generally increase the density per wafer and reduce manufacturing costs of each generation of product. We continue to introduce new generations of products that offer improved performance characteristics, including higher data transfer rates, advanced packaging solutions, lower power consumption, improved read/write reliability, and increased memory density.

The introduction of 176-layer NAND and 1α (1-alpha) DRAM represent major technology breakthroughs for our company and the first time in our history that we have achieved industry leadership across these two flagship technologies. In 2021, we introduced our industry leading 1α memory node, the world’s most advanced memory node in high-volume production. This advancement has been realized across our standard compute DRAM and LPDRAM product lines. We are shipping these products in volume, and we have partnered with customers to provide value-added innovation, speed market adoption of our new solutions, and prepare the ecosystem for broad adoption of our offerings across markets. We also launched 176-layer NAND based solutions into the market in 2021. Our managed NAND and SSD products incorporate NAND, a controller, firmware, and in some cases, DRAM. An increasing portion of our SSDs incorporate proprietary controllers and firmware that we have developed. Development of advanced technologies enables us to diversify our product portfolio toward a richer mix of differentiated, high-value solutions and to target high-growth markets and specific customer requirements across data center, intelligent edge, client, and mobile environments.

We face intense competition in the semiconductor memory and storage markets and to remain competitive we must continuously develop and implement new products and technologies and decrease manufacturing costs. Our success is largely dependent on obtaining returns on our research and development (“R&D”) investments, efficient utilization of our manufacturing infrastructure, development and integration of advanced product and process technologies, market acceptance of our diversified portfolio of semiconductor-based memory and storage solutions, and efficient capital spending.

Lehi, Utah Fab and 3D XPoint

In the second quarter of 2021, we updated our portfolio strategy to further strengthen our focus on memory and storage innovations for the data center market. In connection therewith, we determined that there was insufficient market validation to justify the ongoing investments required to commercialize 3D XPoint at scale. Accordingly, we ceased development of 3D XPoint technology and engaged in discussions with potential buyers for the sale of our facility located in Lehi that was dedicated to 3D XPoint production. As a result, we classified the property, plant, and equipment as held for sale and ceased depreciating the assets. On June 30, 2021, we announced that we entered into a definitive agreement to sell our Lehi facility to TI for cash consideration of $900 million. The sale is anticipated to close in the first quarter of 2022. Select tools and other equipment will be retained for redeployment to our other manufacturing sites or for resale to other buyers.

In the third quarter of 2021, we recognized a charge of $435 million included in restructure and asset impairments (and a tax benefit of $104 million included in income tax (provision) benefit) to write down the assets held for sale to

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the expected consideration, net of estimated selling costs, to be realized from the sale of these assets and liabilities. In the second quarter of 2021, we also recognized a charge of $49 million to cost of goods sold to write down 3D XPoint inventory due to our decision to cease further development of this technology. Our 3D XPoint technology development and Lehi facility operations are primarily included in our CNBU segment results.

Impact of COVID-19 on Our Business

Events surrounding the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic initially resulted in a reduction in economic activity across the globe, and the timing and extent of the ongoing economic recovery remains uncertain. As a result, we have experienced volatility in the markets that our products are sold into, driven by the move to a stay-at-home economy and fluctuations in consumer and business spending, which has affected demand for certain of our products. The ultimate extent to which COVID-19 will impact our business depends on future developments, which are highly uncertain and very difficult to predict, including the effectiveness and utilization of vaccines for COVID-19 and its variants, the severity of COVID-19 and its variants, and the effectiveness of the actions to contain or limit their spread.

From the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, we proactively implemented preventative protocols, which we continuously assess and update for changes in conditions and emerging trends. These preventative protocols are intended to safeguard our team members, contractors, suppliers, customers, distributors, and communities, and to ensure business continuity. Government restrictions or severe outbreaks can impact our operations at certain sites. While all our global manufacturing sites are currently operating with close to full staff and at normal capacity levels, our facilities could be required to temporarily curtail production levels or temporarily cease operations based on government mandates or our health and safety protocols. We may be required, or deem it to be in the best interest of our employees, customers, partners, suppliers, and stakeholders, to alter our business operations in order to maintain a healthy and safe environment. It is not clear what potential effects any such alterations or modifications may have on our business, including effects on our customers, employees, or on our financial results. We are following government policies and recommendations designed to slow the spread of COVID-19 and remain committed to the health and safety of our team members, contractors, suppliers, customers, distributors, and communities.

We continuously assess our efforts to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic, which have included the following:

  • In locations experiencing continued community COVID-19 infections, we prohibit onsite visitors and are generally requiring team members to work from home where possible or practical. Where work from home is not possible, all on-site team members must complete health questionnaires, pass through thermal scanning equipment to ensure they do not have an elevated body temperature, and adhere to physical distancing requirements, mask protocols, and team member separation protocols. We have also enhanced our contact tracing, significantly decreased business travel, and where possible, made ventilation and other health and safety enhancements at our

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Item 1A. RISK FACTORS

In addition to the factors discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-K, this section discusses important factors which could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements made by us. The order of presentation is not necessarily indicative of the level of risk that each factor poses to us. Any of these factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition, or stock price. Our operations could also be affected by other factors that are presently unknown to us or not considered significant.

Risk Factor Summary

Risks Related to Our Business, Operations, and Industry

  • the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic;

  • volatility in average selling prices of our products;

  • our ability to maintain or improve gross margins;

  • the highly competitive nature of our industry;

  • our ability to develop and produce new and competitive memory and storage technologies, products, and markets;

  • dependency on specific customers, concentration of revenue with a select number of customers, and customers who are located internationally;

  • our international operations, including geopolitical risks;

  • limited availability and quality of materials, supplies, and capital equipment and dependency on third-party service providers for ourselves and our customers;

  • products that fail to meet specifications, are defective, or are incompatible with end uses;

  • disruptions to our manufacturing operations from natural disasters or other events;

  • breaches of our security systems or those of our customers, suppliers, or business partners;

  • attracting, retaining, and motivating highly skilled employees;

  • achieving or maintaining certain performance obligations associated with incentives from various governments;

  • future acquisitions and/or alliances;

  • restructure charges;

  • customer responsible sourcing requirements and related regulations; and

  • a downturn in the worldwide economy.

Risks Related to Intellectual Property and Litigation

  • protecting our intellectual property and retaining key employees who are knowledgeable of and develop our intellectual property;

  • legal proceedings and claims;

  • allegations of anticompetitive conduct;

  • risks associated with our former IMFT joint venture with Intel;

  • claims that our products or manufacturing processes infringe or otherwise violate the intellectual property rights of others or failure to obtain or renew license agreements covering such intellectual property; and

  • alleged patent infringement complaints in Chinese courts.

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Risks Related to Laws and Regulations

  • compliance with tariffs, trade restrictions, and/or trade regulations;

  • tax expense and tax laws in key jurisdictions; and

  • compliance with laws, regulations, or industry standards.

Risks Related to Capitalization and Financial Markets

  • our ability to generate sufficient cash flows or obtain access to external financing;

  • our debt obligations;

  • changes in foreign currency exchange rates;

  • counterparty default risk;

  • volatility in the trading price of our common stock; and

  • fluctuations in the amount and timing of our common stock repurchases and payment of cash dividends and resulting impacts.

Risks Related to Our Business, Operations, and Industry

The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic could adversely affect our business, results of operations, and financial condition.

The effects of the public health crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures being taken to limit COVID-19’s spread are uncertain and difficult to predict, but may include, and in some cases, have included and may continue to include:

  • A decrease in short-term and/or long-term demand and/or pricing for our products and global economic volatility that could reduce demand and/or pricing for our products, resulting from the spread of COVID-19 and/or the actions taken by governments, businesses, and/or the general public in an effort to limit exposure to and the spread of COVID-19, such as travel restrictions, quarantines, and business shutdowns or slowdowns;

  • Negative impacts to our operations, including:

◦reductions in production levels, R&D activities, product development, technology transitions, yield enhancement activities, and qualification activities with our customers, resulting from our efforts to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 through measures we have enacted at our locations around the world in an effort to protect our employees’ and contractors’ health and well-being, including working from home, limiting the number of meeting attendees, reducing the number of people in certain of our sites at any one time, quarantines of team members, contractors, or vendors who are at risk of contracting, or have contracted, COVID-19, and limiting employee travel;

◦increased costs resulting from our efforts to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 through physical-distancing measures, working from home, upgrades to our sites, COVID-19 testing and vaccination, enhanced cleaning measures, and the increased use of personal protective equipment at our sites;

◦increased costs, business disruptions, attrition, and/or reduced employee morale resulting from our mandate that all U.S. employees and, in addition, contractors that enter our U.S. buildings and certain other locations, be fully vaccinated against COVID-19, subject to disability and religious exemptions, by November 15, 2021, as a condition of working for us;

◦increased costs for, or unavailability of, transportation, raw materials, components, electricity and/or other energy sources, or other inputs necessary for the operation of our business;

◦reductions in, or cessation of operations at any site or in any jurisdiction resulting from government restrictions on movement and/or business operations or our measures to prevent and/or mitigate the spread of COVID-19 at one or more of our sites, such as we have experienced at some of our facilities from time to time since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic;

◦our inability to continue, or increased costs of, construction projects due to delays in obtaining materials, equipment, labor, engineering services, government permits, or any other essential aspect of projects, which could impact our ability to introduce new technologies, reduce costs, or meet customer demand; and

◦disruptions to our supply chain in connection with the sourcing and transportation of materials, components, equipment and engineering support, and services from or in geographic areas that have been impacted by COVID-19, by efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, or by follow-on effects on the worldwide supply chain;

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  • Deterioration of worldwide credit and financial markets that could: limit our ability to obtain external financing to fund our operations and capital expenditures; result in losses on our holdings of cash and investments due to failures of financial institutions and other parties; or result in a higher rate of losses on our accounts receivable due to credit defaults.

While several COVID-19 vaccines have been approved and are available for use in the United States and certain other countries, we are unable to predict how widely utilized the vaccines ultimately will be, whether they will be effective in preventing the symptoms and spread of COVID-19 (including its variant strains), and when or if normal economic activity and business operations will resume.

These effects, alone or taken together, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition. The continuation of the pandemic or expanded or recurring outbreaks could exacerbate the adverse impact of such measures.

**Volatility in average selling prices for our semiconductor memory and storage products may advers

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Item 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None.

Item 2. PROPERTIES

Our corporate headquarters are located in Boise, Idaho. In addition to our principal facilities described below, we own or lease numerous other facilities in locations throughout the world used for design, R&D, and sales and marketing activities. The following is a summary of our principal facilities as of September 2, 2021:

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LocationPrincipal Operations
TaiwanR&D, wafer fabrication, component assembly and test, module assembly and test
SingaporeR&D, wafer fabrication, component assembly and test, module assembly and test
JapanR&D, wafer fabrication
United StatesR&D, wafer fabrication, reticle manufacturing
MalaysiaComponent assembly and test, module assembly and test
ChinaComponent assembly and test, module assembly and test

We generally utilize all of our manufacturing capacity; however, a portion of our MTU facility was underutilized for 2021, 2020, and 2019 and was classified as held for sale as of September 2, 2021. We believe that our existing facilities are suitable and adequate for our present purposes. We do not identify or allocate assets by operating segment, other than goodwill. (See “Part II – Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Lehi, Utah Fab and 3D XPoint” and “ – Geographic Information.”)

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Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

For a discussion of legal proceedings, see “Part II – Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Contingencies” and “Item 1A. Risk Factors” of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

SEC regulations require disclosure of certain proceedings related to environmental matters unless we reasonably believe that the related monetary sanctions, if any, will be less than a specified threshold. We use a threshold of $1 million for this purpose.

Item 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

Not applicable.

PART II

Item 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Global Select Market under the trading symbol “MU.”

Holders of Record

As of October 1, 2021, there were 1,844 shareholders of record of our common stock.

Dividends

On August 2, 2021, we announced that our Board of Directors had declared a quarterly dividend of $0.10 per share, payable in cash on October 18, 2021, to shareholders of record as of the close of business on October 1, 2021.

We currently expect quarterly dividends to continue in future periods and aim to grow our dividend payments over time. However, the declaration and payment of any future cash dividends are at the discretion and subject to the approval of our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors' decisions regarding the amount and payment of dividends will depend on many factors, such as our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions, debt service obligations, contractual restrictions, industry practice, legal requirements, regulatory constraints, and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant. We cannot guarantee that we will continue to pay a dividend in any future period.

Equity Compensation Plan Information

The information required by this item is incorporated by reference from the information to be included in our 2021 Proxy Statement under the section entitled “Equity Compensation Plan Information,” which will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after September 2, 2021.

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Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities

Common Stock Repurchase Authorization

In May 2018, we announced that our Board of Directors authorized the discretionary repurchase of up to $10 billion of our outstanding common stock through open-market purchases, block trades, privately-negotiated transactions, derivative transactions, and/or pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 trading plans. The repurchase authorization has no expiration date, does not obligate us to acquire any common stock, and is subject to market conditions and our ongoing determination of the best use of available cash.

PeriodTotal number of shares purchasedAverage price paid per shareTotal number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programsApproximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under publicly announced plans or programs (in millions)
June 4, 2021–July 8, 20211,872,825$80.481,872,825
July 9, 2021–August 5, 20217,735,14676.637,735,146
August 6, 2021–September 2, 20214,242,30372.294,242,303
13,850,274$75.8213,850,274$5,962

Shares of common stock withheld as payment of withholding taxes and exercise prices in connection with the vesting or exercise of equity awards are also treated as common stock repurchases. Those withheld shares of common stock are not required to be disclosed under Item 703 of Regulation S-K and accordingly are excluded from the amounts in the table above.

Performance Graph

The following graph illustrates a five-year comparison of cumulative total returns for our common stock, the S&P 500 Composite Index, and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (SOX) from August 31, 2016, through August 31, 2021. We operate on a 52 or 53 week fiscal year which ends on the Thursday closest to August 31. Accordingly, the last day of our fiscal year varies. For consistent presentation and comparison to the industry indices shown herein, we have calculated our stock performance graph assuming an August 31 year end.

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Note: Management cautions that the stock price performance information shown in the graph above may not be indicative of current stock price levels or future stock price performance.

38 | 2021 10-K

The performance graph above assumes $100 was invested on August 31, 2016 in common stock of Micron Technology, Inc., the S&P 500 Composite Index, and the Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (SOX). Any dividends paid during the period presented were assumed to be reinvested. The performance was plotted using the following data:

201620172018201920202021
Micron Technology, Inc.$100$194$318$275$276$447
S&P 500 Composite Index100116139143174229
Philadelphia Semiconductor Index (SOX)100141181198303464

Item 6. [RESERVED]

Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for the year ended September 2, 2021. All period references are to our fiscal periods unless otherwise indicated. Our fiscal year is the 52 or 53-week period ending on the Thursday closest to August 31. Fiscal 2021 contained 52 weeks, fiscal 2020 contained 53 weeks, and fiscal 2019 contained 52 weeks. Our fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 contained 14 weeks and all other fiscal quarters in the years presented contained 13 weeks. All tabular dollar amounts are in millions, except per share amounts.

For an overview of our business and certain related trends, see “Part I – Item 1. Business – Overview.”

Results of Operations

Consolidated Results

For the year ended202120202019
Revenue$27,705100%$21,435100%$23,406100%
Cost of goods sold17,28262%14,88369%12,70454%
Gross margin10,42338%6,55231%10,70246%
Research and development2,66310%2,60012%2,44110%
Selling, general, and administrative8943%8814%8364%
Restructure and asset impairments4882%60—%(29)—%
Other operating (income) expense, net95—%8—%78—%
Operating income6,28323%3,00314%7,37632%
Interest income (expense), net(146)(1)%(80)—%77—%
Other non-operating income (expense), net81—%60—%(405)(2)%
Income tax (provision) benefit(394)(1)%(280)(1)%(693)(3)%
Equity in net income (loss) of equity method investees37—%7—%3—%
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests——%(23)—%(45)—%
Net income attributable to Micron$5,86121%$2,68713%$6,31327%

Total Revenue**:** Total revenue for 2021 increased 29% as compared to 2020 primarily due to increases in DRAM and NAND sales. Sales of DRAM products for 2021 increased 38% as compared to 2020 primarily due to growth in

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bit shipments in the high-20% range and a high single-digit percent increase in average selling prices. Sales of NAND products for 2021 increased 14% as compared to 2020 primarily due to increases in bit shipments in the high-20% range, partially offset by a low-10% range decline in average selling prices. In the first quarter of 2022, we expect that our bit shipments may be adversely impacted as some customers are adjusting their memory and storage purchases due to shortages of non-memory components and due to constraints within our supply chain for certain IC components.

Total revenue for 2020 decreased 8% as compared to 2019 primarily due to a decline in DRAM sales partially offset by an increase in NAND sales. Sales of DRAM products for 2020 decreased 14% as compared to 2019 as average selling prices declined in the mid-30% range due to challenging market conditions, partially offset by growth in bit shipments in the low-30% range driven by cloud server, enterprise server, and mobile markets. Sales of NAND products for 2020 increased 14% as compared to 2019 primarily due to increases in bit shipments in the mid-20% range driven by sales of SSDs to data center customers and sales of managed NAND products, partially offset by a high-single-digit percent decline in average selling prices.

Overall Gross Margin**:** Our overall gross margin percentage increased to 38% for 2021 from 31% for 2020, primarily due to the increases in DRAM average selling prices and cost reductions resulting from strong execution in delivering products featuring advanced technologies, partially offset by the declines in NAND average selling prices. Our gross margins included the impact of underutilization costs at MTU of $335 million for 2021, $557 million for 2020, and $384 million for 2019. Underutilization costs at MTU declined in 2021 primarily due to the plan to sell MTU’s Lehi facility and classification of assets as held for sale at the end of the second quarter of 2021, which resulted in the cessation of depreciation on those assets (See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Lehi, Utah Fab and 3D XPoint”). Effective as of the beginning of the second quarter of 2021, we changed our method of inventory costing from average cost to first-in, first-out (“FIFO”). Concurrently, as of the beginning of the second quarter of 2021, we modified our inventory cost absorption processes used to estimate inventory values, which affects the timing of when costs are recognized. These changes resulted in a one-time increase to cost of goods sold of approximately $293 million in 2021.

Our overall gross margin percentage decreased to 31% for 2020 from 46% for 2019, primarily due to declines in average selling prices, partially offset by the effect of decreases in non-cash depreciation expense from the revision in estimated useful lives of equipment in our NAND wafer fabrication facilities, cost reductions resulting from strong execution in delivering products featuring advanced technologies, and continuous improvement initiatives to reduce production costs. Based on our assessment of planned technology node transitions, capital spending, and re-use rates, we revised the estimated useful lives of the existing equipment in our NAND wafer fabrication facilities and our research and development facilities from five years to seven years as of the beginning of the first quarter of 2020. The revision in estimated useful lives reduced NAND manufacturing depreciation expense and benefited cost of goods sold by approximately $400 million for 2020.

Revenue by Business Unit

For the year ended202120202019
CNBU$12,28044%$9,18443%$9,96843%
MBU7,20326%5,70227%6,40327%
SBU3,97314%3,76518%3,82616%
EBU4,20915%2,75913%3,13713%
All Other40—%25—%72—%
$27,705$21,435$23,406

Percentages of total revenue may not total 100% due to rounding.

Changes in revenue for each business unit for 2021 as compared to 2020 were as follows:

  • CNBU revenue increased 34% primarily due to broad-based increases in bit shipments across markets and higher average selling prices for DRAM.

  • MBU revenue increased 26% primarily due to increases in bit shipments for high-value mobile MCP products.

40 | 2021 10-K

  • SBU revenue increased 6% as increases in bit shipments for NAND products outpaced declines in average selling prices.

  • EBU revenue increased 53% primarily due to increases in bit shipments driven by strong demand growth in automotive, industrial, and consumer markets and improved pricing in industrial and consumer markets.

Changes in revenue for each business unit for 2020 as compared to 2019 were as follows:

  • CNBU revenue decreased 8% primarily due to DRAM price declines driven by imbalances in supply and demand, partially offset by bit sales growth across key markets, particularly in the cloud server and graphics markets. In addition, in the second quarter of 2020, we determined that the 3D XPoint technology and product roadmap were more closely aligned with our CNBU strategy than our SBU strategy and 3D XPoint became an integral part of CNBU. Accordingly, we began to report all 3D XPoint activities within CNBU from that date.

  • MBU revenue decreased 11% primarily due to price declines, partially offset by bit sales growth for high-value mobile MCP products.

  • SBU revenue decreased 2% primarily due to the decline in 3D XPoint revenue in SBU after the first quarter of 2020 as noted above and NAND selling price declines, partially offset by bit sales growth for SSDs. SBU revenue included products manufactured and sold to Intel under a long-term supply agreement at prices approximating cost, which included 3D XPoint memory and NAND, aggregating $124 million for 2020 and $682 million for 2019.

  • EBU revenue decreased 12% primarily due to price declines resulting from the impact of the global COVID-19 pandemic on automotive, industrial, and consumer segments partially offset by bit sales growth from transitions to an increasing mix of high-density DRAM and NAND products.

Operating Income (Loss) by Business Unit

For the year ended202120202019
CNBU$4,29535%$2,01022%$4,64547%
MBU2,17330%1,07419%2,60641%
SBU1734%361%(386)(10)%
EBU1,00624%30111%92329%
All Other2050%(2)(8)%1318%
$7,667$3,419$7,801

Percentages reflect operating income (loss) as a percentage of revenue for each business unit.

Changes in operating income or loss for each business unit for 2021 as compared to 2020 were as follows:

  • CNBU operating income increased primarily due to increases in bit shipments, higher average selling prices, manufacturing cost reductions, and lower MTU underutilization costs.

  • MBU operating income increased primarily due to increases in sales of high-value MCP products, manufacturing cost reductions for low-power DRAM, and increases in DRAM bit shipments.

  • SBU operating income increased primarily due to lower manufacturing costs and increases in bit shipments, partially offset by decreases in selling prices and higher R&D costs.

  • EBU operating income increased primarily due to improved pricing in industrial and consumer markets, cost reductions from an increasing mix of leading edge bits, and higher bit shipments.

Changes in operating income or loss for each business unit for 2020 as compared to 2019 were as follows:

  • CNBU operating income decreased primarily due to declines in DRAM pricing and MTU underutilization costs in 2020 related to 3D XPoint.

  • MBU operating income decreased primarily due to declines in low-power DRAM and NAND pricing, partially offset by increases in sales of high-value MCP products and manufacturing cost reductions.

  • SBU operating margin improved primarily due to lower 3D XPoint underutilization costs, manufacturing cost reductions, increases in sales volumes, and improved product mix, partially offset by declines in selling prices.

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  • EBU operating income decreased as a result of declines in pricing, partially offset by increases in sales volumes to the automotive and industrial markets.

Operating Expenses and Other

Research and Development**:** R&D expenses vary primarily with the number of development and pre-qualification wafers processed, the cost of advanced equipment dedicated to new product and process development, and personnel costs. Because of the lead times necessary to manufacture our products, we typically begin to process wafers before completion of performance and reliability testing. Development of a product is deemed complete when it is qualified through internal reviews and tests for performance and reliability. R&D expenses can vary significantly depending on the timing of product qualification.

R&D expenses for 2021 increased 2% as compared to 2020 primarily due to increases in employee compensation and depreciation expense resulting from higher capital spending, partially offset by lower volumes of development and prequalification wafers. R&D expenses for 2020 were 7% higher as compared to 2019 primarily due to increases in volumes of development and pre-qualification wafers, a reduction of R&D reimbursements from our partners, increases in employee compensation, and increases in subcontractor expense, partially offset by lower depreciation expense from the revision of the estimated useful lives of equipment.

Selling, General, and Administrative**:** SG&A expenses for 2021 were relatively unchanged as compared to 2020. SG&A expenses for 2020 were 5% higher as compared to 2019 due to increases in employee compensation and legal costs, partially offset by a reduction in consulting fees.

Restructure and Asset Impairments**:** In 2021, we ceased development of 3D XPoint technology and classified our Lehi facility assets as held for sale. We recognized a restructure charge of $435 million to write down the assets held for sale to the expected consideration to be received under our agreement with TI. For further discussion see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Lehi, Utah Fab and 3D XPoint.”

Other Operating and Non-Operating Income (Expense)****: See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Other Operating (Income) Expense, Net” and “ – Other Non-Operating Income (Expense), Net.”

Interest Income (Expense)****: Net interest expense for 2021 increased by $66 million as compared to 2020 primarily due a decrease of $77 million in interest income as a result of decreases in interest rates on our cash and investments. Net interest expense for 2020 was $80 million, as compared to $77 million of net interest income for 2019 (a change of $157 million), primarily due to (1) a $91 million decrease in interest income as a result of decreases in interest rates, partially offset by higher average levels of cash and investment balances and (2) a $66 million increase in interest expense primarily due to an increase in our average debt outstanding and a reduction in the amount of interest expense capitalized in 2020.

Income Taxes**:** Our income tax (provision) benefit consisted of the following:

For the year ended202120202019
Income before taxes$6,218$2,983$7,048
Income tax (provision) benefit(394)(280)(693)
Effective tax rate6.3%9.4%9.8%

Our effective tax rate decreased in 2021 as compared to 2020 primarily as a result of a $104 million tax benefit recorded for the discrete $435 million charge to write down the Lehi assets held for sale to the estimated consideration to be realized from the sale of these assets, less expected selling costs. Other changes to our effective tax rate in the periods presented were primarily due to the geographic mix of our earnings. Our income tax provision decreased in 2020 as compared to 2019 primarily as a result of reductions in our profit before tax.

We operate in a number of jurisdictions outside the United States, including Singapore, where we have tax incentive arrangements. These incentives expire, in whole or in part, at various dates through 2034 and are conditional, in part, upon meeting certain business operations and employment thresholds. The effect of tax incentive

42 | 2021 10-K

arrangements reduced our tax provision by $758 million (benefiting our diluted earnings per share by $0.66) for 2021, by $215 million ($0.19 per diluted share) for 2020, and by $756 million ($0.66 per diluted share) for 2019.

See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Income Taxes.”

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash generated from operations and financing obtained from capital markets and financial institutions. Cash generated from operations is highly dependent on selling prices for our products, which can vary significantly from period to period. We are continuously evaluating alternatives for efficiently funding our capital expenditures and ongoing operations. We expect, from time to time, to engage in a variety of financing transactions for such purposes, including the issuance of securities. As of September 2, 2021, $2.50 billion was available to draw under our Revolving Credit Facility. We expect to receive $900 million of proceeds from the sale of our Lehi facility to TI in the first quarter of 2022.

Cash and marketable investments totaled $10.40 billion as of September 2, 2021 and $9.19 billion as of September 3, 2020. Our investments consist primarily of bank deposits, money market funds, and liquid investment-grade, fixed-income securities, which are diversified among industries and individual issuers. To mitigate credit risk, we invest through high-credit-quality financial institutions and by policy generally limit the concentration of credit exposure by restricting the amount of investments with any single obligor. As of September 2, 2021, $3.69 billion of our cash and marketable investments was held by our foreign subsidiaries.

To develop new product and process technology, support future growth, achieve operating efficiencies, and maintain product quality, we must continue to invest in manufacturing technologies, facilities and equipment, and R&D. We estimate capital expenditures in 2022 for property, plant, and equipment, net of partner contributions, to be between $11 billion and $12 billion, and we expect the timing of our capital expenditures to be weighted more toward the first half of 2022. Capital expenditures for 2022 are driven by our continued 176-layer NAND transition, pilot line enablement for next generation NAND and DRAM, and continued infrastructure and prepayments to support the introduction of EUV lithography. Actual amounts for 2022 will vary depending on market conditions. As of September 2, 2021, we had purchase obligations of approximately $2.87 billion for the acquisition of property, plant, and equipment, of which approximately $2.56 billion is expected to be paid within one year.

For a description of contractual obligations, such as debt, leases, and purchase obligations, see “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Debt,” “ – Leases,” and “ – Commitments.”

Our Board of Directors has authorized the discretionary repurchase of up to $10 billion of our outstanding common stock through open-market purchases, block trades, privately-negotiated transactions, derivative transactions, and/or pursuant to a Rule 10b5-1 trading plan. The repurchase authorization has no expiration date, does not obligate us to acquire any common stock, and is subject to market conditions and our ongoing determination of the best use of available cash. Through September 2, 2021, we have repurchased an aggregate of $4.04 billion of the authorized amount. See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Equity.”

On August 2, 2021, we announced that our Board of Directors had declared a quarterly dividend of $0.10 per share, payable in cash on October 18, 2021, to shareholders of record as of the close of business on October 1, 2021. The declaration and payment of any future cash dividends are at the discretion and subject to the approval of our Board of Directors. Our Board of Directors' decisions regarding the amount and payment of dividends will depend on many factors, such as our financial condition, results of operations, capital requirements, business conditions, debt service obligations, contractual restrictions, industry practice, legal requirements, regulatory constraints, and other factors that our Board of Directors may deem relevant.

We expect that our cash and investments, cash flows from operations, and available financing will be sufficient to meet our requirements at least through the next 12 months and thereafter for the foreseeable future.

mu-20210902_g5.jpg 43

Cash Flows**:**

For the year ended202120202019
Net cash provided by operating activities$12,468$8,306$13,189
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities(10,589)(7,589)(10,085)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities(1,781)(317)(2,438)
Effect of changes in currency exchange rates on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash411126
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash$139$411$692

Operating Activities: Cash provided by operating activities reflects net income adjusted for certain non-cash items, including depreciation expense, amortization of intangible assets, asset impairments, and stock-based compensation, and the effects of changes in operating assets and liabilities. The increase in cash provided by operating activities for 2021 as compared to 2020 was primarily due to higher net income adjusted for non-cash items compared with the prior period and the effect of lower inventories, partially offset by an increase in receivables due to a higher level of sales. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities for 2020 compared with 2019 was primarily due to lower net income and changes in working capital.

Investing Activities: For 2021, net cash used for investing activities consisted primarily of $10.03 billion of expenditures for property, plant, and equipment, partially offset by inflows of $502 million of partner contributions for capital expenditures, and $1.06 billion of net outflows from purchases, sales, and maturities of available-for-sale securities.

For 2020, net cash used for investing activities consisted primarily of $8.22 billion of expenditures for property, plant, and equipment, partially offset by inflows of $272 million of partner contributions for capital expenditures, and $415 million of net inflows from purchases, sales, and maturities of available-for-sale securities.

For 2019, net cash used for investing activities consisted primarily of $9.78 billion of expenditures for property, plant, and equipment, partially offset by inflows of $754 million of partner contributions for capital expenditures. Net cash used for investing activities also included $1.17 billion of net outflows from purchases, sales, and maturities of available-for-sale securities.

Financing Activities: For 2021, net cash used for financing activities consisted primarily of $1.20 billion for the acquisition of 15.6 million shares of our common stock under our $10 billion share repurchase authorization, $295 million of payments on equipment purchase contracts, $185 million of cash payments to settle conversions of our 2032D Notes, and $147 million of repayments of finance leases and other debt. In addition, we received proceeds of $1.19 billion under an unsecured 2024 Term Loan A and used the proceeds to repay the $1.19 billion Extinguished 2024 Term Loan A.

For 2020, net cash used for financing activities consisted primarily of $4.37 billion of cash payments to reduce our debt, including $2.50 billion to pay down borrowings under our Revolving Credit Facility, $621 million for repayments of IMFT’s debt obligations to Intel, $534 million to prepay our 2025 Notes, $266 million to settle conversions of notes, and $248 million for scheduled repayment of finance leases; $744 million for the acquisition of Intel’s noncontrolling interest in IMFT; and $176 million for the acquisition of 3.6 million shares of our common stock under our share repurchase authorization. Cash used for financing activities was partially offset by proceeds of $2.50 billion from our Revolving Credit Facility, $1.25 billion from the 2023 Notes, and $1.25 billion from the Extinguished 2024 Term Loan A.

For 2019, net cash used for financing activities consisted primarily of $2.66 billion for the acquisition of 67 million shares of treasury stock under our share repurchase authorization and cash payments to reduce our debt, including $1.65 billion to settle conversions of notes, $728 million to prepay the 2022 Term Loan B, $316 million for repayments of IMFT’s debt obligations to Intel, and $643 million for scheduled repayment of other notes and capital leases. Cash used for financing activities was partially offset by net proceeds of $3.53 billion from the aggregate issuance of the 2024 Notes, 2026 Notes, 2027 Notes, 2029 Notes, and 2030 Notes.

See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Debt.”

44 | 2021 10-K

Critical Accounting Estimates

The preparation of financial statements and related disclosures in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, and related disclosures. Estimates and judgments are based on historical experience, forecasted events, and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Estimates and judgments may vary under different assumptions or conditions. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. Our management believes the accounting policies below are critical in the portrayal of our financial condition and results of operations and require management’s most difficult, subjective, or complex judgments.

Contingencies**:** We are subject to the possibility of losses from various contingencies. Significant judgment is necessary to estimate the probability and amount of a loss, if any, from such contingencies. An accrual is made when it is probable that a liability has been incurred or an asset has been impaired and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. In accounting for the resolution of contingencies, significant judgment may be necessary to estimate amounts pertaining to periods prior to the resolution that are charged to operations in the period of resolution and amounts related to future periods.

Goodwill**:** We test goodwill for impairment in our fourth quarter each year, or more frequently if indicators of an impairment exist, to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit with goodwill is less than its carrying value. For reporting units for which this assessment concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value is more than its carrying value, goodwill is considered not impaired and we are not required to perform the goodwill impairment test. Qualitative factors considered in this assessment include industry and market considerations, overall financial performance, and other relevant events and factors affecting the fair value of the reporting unit. For reporting units for which this assessment concludes that it is more likely than not that the fair value is below the carrying value, goodwill is tested for impairment by determining the fair value of each reporting unit and comparing it to the carrying value of the net assets assigned to the reporting unit. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, goodwill is considered not impaired. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, we would record an impairment loss up to the difference between the carrying value and implied fair value. For 2021, our qualitative assessment indicated that the fair value for all of our reporting units substantially exceeded their carrying value and that a quantitative assessment was unnecessary.

Determining when to test for impairment, the reporting units, the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, and the fair value of the reporting unit requires significant judgment and involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rates, forecasted manufacturing costs, and other expenses and are developed as part of our long-range planning process. The same estimates are used in business planning, forecasting, and capital budgeting as part of our long-term manufacturing capacity analysis. We test the reasonableness of the output of our long-range planning process by calculating an implied value per share and comparing that to current stock prices, analysts’ consensus pricing, and management’s expectations. These estimates and assumptions are used to calculate projected future cash flows for the reporting unit, which are discounted using a risk-adjusted rate to estimate a fair value. The discount rate requires determination of appropriate market comparables. We base fair value estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates.

Income taxes**:** We are required to estimate our provision for income taxes and amounts ultimately payable or recoverable in numerous tax jurisdictions around the world. These estimates involve significant judgment and interpretations of regulations and are inherently complex. Resolution of income tax treatments in individual jurisdictions may not be known for many years after completion of the applicable year. We are also required to evaluate the realizability of our deferred tax assets on an ongoing basis in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires the assessment of our performance and other relevant factors. Realization of deferred tax assets is dependent on our ability to generate future taxable income. Our income tax provision or benefit is dependent, in part, on our ability to forecast future taxable income in Japan, the United States, and other jurisdictions. Such forecasts are inherently difficult and involve significant judgments including, among others, projecting future average selling prices and sales volumes, manufacturing and overhead costs, levels of capital spending, and other factors that significantly impact our analyses of the amount of net deferred tax assets that are more likely than not to be realized.

Inventories**:** Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value, with cost being determined on a FIFO basis. Effective as of the beginning of the second quarter of 2021, we changed our method of inventory

mu-20210902_g5.jpg 45

costing from average cost to FIFO. Cost includes depreciation, labor, material, and overhead costs, including product and process technology costs. Determining net realizable value of inventories involves significant judgments, including projecting future average selling prices and future sales volumes. To project average selling prices and sales volumes, we review recent sales volumes, existing customer orders, current contract prices, industry analyses of supply and demand, seasonal factors, general economic trends, and other information. Actual selling prices and volumes may vary significantly from projected prices and volumes due to the volatile nature of the semiconductor memory and storage markets. When these analyses reflect estimated net realizable values below our manufacturing costs, we record a charge to cost of goods sold in advance of when inventories are actually sold. As a result, the timing of when product costs are charged to costs of goods sold can vary significantly. Differences in forecasted average selling prices used in calculating lower of cost or net realizable value adjustments can result in significant changes in the estimated net realizable value of product inventories and accordingly the amount of write-down recorded. For example, a 5% variance in the estimated selling prices would have changed the estimated net realizable value of our inventory by approximately $301 million as of September 2, 2021. Due to the volatile nature of the semiconductor memory and storage markets, actual selling prices and volumes often vary significantly from projected prices and volumes; as a result, the timing of when product costs are charged to operations can vary significantly.

U.S. GAAP provides for products to be grouped into categories in order to compare costs to net realizable values. The amount of any inventory write-down can vary significantly depending on the determination of inventory categories. We review the major characteristics of product type and markets in determining the unit of account for which we perform the lower of average cost or net realizable value analysis and categorize all inventories (including DRAM, NAND, and other memory) as a single group.

Property, plant, and equipment**:** We periodically assess the estimated useful lives of our property, plant, and equipment based on technology node transitions, capital spending, and equipment re-use rates. We also review the carrying value of property, plant, and equipment for impairment when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset or group of assets may not be recoverable from the estimated future cash flows expected to result from its use and/or disposition. In cases where undiscounted expected future cash flows are less than the carrying value, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the amount by which the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value of the assets. The estimate of future cash flows involves numerous assumptions which require significant judgment by us, including, but not limited to, future use of the assets for our operations versus sale or disposal of the assets, future selling prices for our products, and future production and sales volumes. In addition, significant judgment is required in determining the groups of assets for which impairment tests are separately performed.

Revenue recognition**:** Revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time when control of the promised goods is transferred to our customers in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to in exchange for those goods. Contracts with our customers are generally short-term in duration at fixed, negotiated prices with payment generally due shortly after delivery. We estimate a liability for returns using the expected value method based on historical returns. In addition, we generally offer price protection to our distributors, which is a form of variable consideration that decreases the transaction price. We use the expected value method, based on historical price adjustments and current pricing trends, to estimate the amount of revenue recognized from sales to distributors. Differences between the estimated and actual amounts are recognized as adjustments to revenue.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Recently Adopted Accounting Standards.”

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

No material items.

46 | 2021 10-K

Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Interest Rate Risk

We are exposed to interest rate risk related to our indebtedness and our investment portfolio. As of September 2, 2021 and September 3, 2020, we had fixed-rate debt of $3.9 billion and $4.9 billion, respectively, and as a result, the fair value of our debt fluctuates with changes in market interest rates. We estimate that, as of September 2, 2021 and September 3, 2020, a decrease in market interest rates of 1% would increase the fair value of our fixed-rate debt by approximately $200 million and $300 million, respectively. As of September 2, 2021, we had variable-rate debt of $2.09 billion and, therefore, a 1% increase in the interest rates of our variable-rate debt would result in an increase in annual interest expense of approximately $21 million. As of September 3, 2020, we had variable-rate debt of $1.25 billion and, therefore, a 1% increase in the interest rates of our variable-rate debt would result in an increase in annual interest expense of approximately $13 million.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

The information in this section should be read in conjunction with the information related to changes in the currency exchange rates in “Part I – Item 1A. Risk Factors.” Changes in currency exchange rates could materially adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.

The functional currency for all of our operations is the U.S. dollar. The substantial majority of our sales are transacted in the U.S. dollar; however, significant amounts of our operating expenditures and capital purchases, and certain assets and liabilities, are incurred in or exposed to other currencies, primarily the euro, Malaysian ringgit, New Taiwan dollar, Singapore dollar, and yen. We have established currency risk management programs for our monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies to hedge against fluctuations in the fair value and volatility of future cash flows caused by changes in currency exchange rates. We generally utilize currency forward contracts in these hedging programs, which reduce, but do not always entirely eliminate, the impact of currency exchange rate movements. We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

Based on monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, we estimate that a 10% adverse change in exchange rates versus the U.S. dollar would result in losses of approximately $122 million as of September 2, 2021 and $98 million as of September 3, 2020. We hedge our exposure to changes in currency exchange rates by utilizing a rolling hedge strategy for our primary currency exposures with currency forward contracts that generally mature within three months. The effectiveness of our hedges is dependent, among other factors, upon our ability to accurately measure exposures on a timely basis. To hedge the exposure of changes in cash flows from changes in currency exchange rates for certain capital expenditures and manufacturing costs, we may utilize currency forward contracts that generally mature within two years. (See “Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data – Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements – Derivative Instruments.”)

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Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

Micron Technology, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in millions, except per share amounts)

For the year endedSeptember 2, 2021September 3, 2020August 29, 2019
Revenue$27,705$21,435$23,406
Cost of goods sold17,28214,88312,704
Gross margin10,4236,55210,702
Research and development2,6632,6002,441
Selling, general, and administrative894881836
Restructure and asset impairments48860(29)
Other operating (income) expense, net95878
Operating income6,2833,0037,376
Interest income37114205
Interest expense(183)(194)(128)
Other non-operating income (expense), net8160(405)
6,2182,9837,048
Income tax (provision) benefit(394)(280)(693)
Equity in net income (loss) of equity method investees3773
Net income5,8612,7106,358
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests—(23)(45)
Net income attributable to Micron$5,861$2,687$6,313
Earnings per share
Basic$5.23$2.42$5.67
Diluted5.142.375.51
Number of shares used in per share calculations
Basic1,1201,1101,114
Diluted1,1411,1311,143

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

48 | 2021 10-K

Micron Technology, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(in millions)

For the year endedSeptember 2, 2021September 3, 2020August 29, 2019
Net income$5,861$2,710$6,358
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Gains (losses) on derivative instruments(67)46(3)
Gains (losses) on investments(7)19
Pension liability adjustments315(6)
Foreign currency translation adjustments2—(1)
Other comprehensive income (loss)(69)62(1)
Total comprehensive income5,7922,7726,357
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests—(23)(45)
Comprehensive income attributable to Micron$5,792$2,749$6,312

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

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Micron Technology, Inc.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in millions, except par value amounts)

As ofSeptember 2, 2021September 3, 2020
Assets
Cash and equivalents$7,763$7,624
Short-term investments870518
Receivables5,3113,912
Inventories4,4875,373
Assets held for sale974—
Other current assets502538
Total current assets19,90717,965
Long-term marketable investments1,7651,048
Property, plant, and equipment33,21331,031
Operating lease right-of-use assets551584
Intangible assets349334
Deferred tax assets782707
Goodwill1,2281,228
Other noncurrent assets1,054781
Total assets$58,849$53,678
Liabilities and equity
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$5,325$5,817
Current debt155270
Other current liabilities944548
Total current liabilities6,4246,635
Long-term debt6,6216,373
Noncurrent operating lease liabilities504533
Noncurrent unearned government incentives808643
Other noncurrent liabilities559498
Total liabilities14,91614,682
Commitments and contingencies
Micron shareholders’ equity
Common stock, $0.10 par value, 3,000 shares authorized, 1,216 shares issued and 1,119 outstanding (1,194 shares issued and 1,113 outstanding as of September 3, 2020)122119
Additional capital9,4538,917
Retained earnings39,05133,384
Treasury stock, 97 shares held (81 shares as of September 3, 2020)(4,695)(3,495)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)271
Total equity43,93338,996
Total liabilities and equity$58,849$53,678

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

50 | 2021 10-K

Micron Technology, Inc.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity

(in millions, except per share amounts)

Micron Shareholders
Common StockAdditional CapitalRetained EarningsTreasury StockAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Total Micron Shareholders’ EquityNoncontrolling Interests in SubsidiariesTotal Equity
Number of SharesAmount
Balance at August 30, 20181,170$117$8,201$24,395$(429)$10$32,294$870$33,164
Cumulative effect from adoption of new accounting standards———92——92—92
Net income———6,313——6,31336

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Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

An evaluation was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based upon that evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that those disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the Commission’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the principal executive officer and principal financial officer, to allow timely decisions regarding disclosure.

During the fourth quarter of 2021, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Management conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on this evaluation, management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 2, 2021. The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of September 2, 2021 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report, which is included in Part II, Item 8, of this Form 10-K.

Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

None.

Item 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS

Not applicable.

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PART III

Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES

Certain information concerning our executive officers is included under the caption, “Information About Our Executive Officers” in Part I, Item 1 of this report. Other information required by Items 10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 will be contained in our 2021 Proxy Statement which will be filed with the SEC within 120 days after September 2, 2021 and is incorporated herein by reference.

86 | 2021 10-K

PART IV

Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE

(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:

1Financial Statements: See our consolidated financial statements under Item 8.
2Financial Statement Schedule: See “Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts” within Item 15 below. Certain Financial Statement Schedules have been omitted since they are either not required, not applicable, or the information is otherwise included.
3Exhibits. See “Index to Exhibits” within Item 15 below.

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SCHEDULE II

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

(in millions)

Balance at Beginning of YearCharged (Credited) to Income Tax ProvisionCurrency Translation and Charges to Other AccountsBalance at End of Year
Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance
Year ended September 2, 2021$294$(54)$(7)$233
Year ended September 3, 202027720(3)294
Year ended August 29, 2019228409277

88 | 2021 10-K

Index to Exhibits

Exhibit NumberDescription of ExhibitFiled HerewithFormPeriod EndingExhibit/ AppendixFiling Date
3.1Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant8-K99.21/26/15
3.2Bylaws of the Registrant, Amended and Restated8-K3.12/16/21
4.1Indenture, dated as of February 6, 2019, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee8-K4.12/6/19
4.2First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 6, 2019, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee8-K4.22/6/19
4.3Form of Note for Micron Technology, Inc.’s 4.640% Senior Notes due 2024 (included in Exhibit 4.2)8-K4.32/6/19
4.4Form of Note for Micron Technology, Inc.’s 4.975% Senior Notes due 2026 (included in Exhibit 4.2)8-K4.42/6/19
4.5Form of Note for Micron Technology, Inc.’s 5.327% Senior Notes due 2029 (included in Exhibit 4.2)8-K4.52/6/19
4.6Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 12, 2019, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee8-K4.27/12/19
4.7Form of Note for Micron Technology, Inc.’s 4.185% Senior Notes due 2027 (included in Exhibit 4.6)8-K4.37/12/19
4.8Form of Note for Micron Technology, Inc.’s 4.663% Senior Notes due 2030 (included in Exhibit 4.6)8-K4.47/12/19
4.9Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 24, 2020, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee8-K4.24/24/20
4.10Form of Note for Micron Technology, Inc.’s 2.497% Senior Notes due 2023 (included in Exhibit 4.9)8-K4.34/24/20
4.11Description of Registrant’s Securities10-K9/3/204.1310/19/20
10.1**Micron Technology, Inc. Executive Officer Performance Incentive PlanDEF 14AB12/7/17
10.2**Amended and Restated 2004 Equity Incentive Plan10-K9/1/1610.610/28/16
10.3**2004 Equity Incentive Plan Forms of Agreement and Terms and Conditions10-K9/1/1610.710/28/16
10.4**Amended and Restated 2007 Equity Incentive PlanDEF 14AA12/1/20
10.5**2007 Equity Incentive Plan Forms of Agreement and Terms and Conditions10-K9/1/1610.910/28/16
10.6**Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan, as Amended10-K9/1/1610.1010/28/16
10.7**Nonstatutory Stock Option Plan Form of Agreement and Terms and Conditions10-K9/1/1610.1110/28/16
10.8*Patent License Agreement, dated September 15, 2006, by and among Toshiba Corporation, Acclaim Innovations, LLC, and Micron Technology, Inc.10-Q11/30/0610.661/16/07
10.9**Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and its officers and directors10-Q2/27/1410.34/7/14
10.10**Form of Severance Agreement8-K99.211/1/07
10.11*Technology Transfer and License Option Agreement for 20NM Process Node, dated as of January 17, 2013, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and Nanya Technology Corporation10-Q/A2/28/1310.1268/7/13
10.12**Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended10-Q3/4/2110.154/1/21
10.13**Executive Agreement, dated April 26, 2017, by and between Micron Technology, Inc. and Sanjay Mehrotra10-Q6/1/1710.676/30/17
10.14**Severance Benefits for Sumit Sadana10-Q11/30/1710.7012/20/17
10.15**Form of Amendment to Executive/Severance Agreement8-K99.111/13/17

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Exhibit NumberDescription of ExhibitFiled HerewithFormPeriod EndingExhibit/ AppendixFiling Date
10.16**Severance Benefits for Manish Bhatia10-Q11/30/1710.7412/20/17
10.17**Micron Technology, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase PlanX
10.18**Severance Benefits for David A. Zinsner10-Q3/1/1810.763/23/18
10.19Credit Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2021, by and among Micron Technology, Inc., as borrower, HSBC Bank USA, National Association, as administrative agent, the other agents party thereto, and each financial institution party from time to time thereto10-Q6/3/2110.227/1/21
10.20Term Loan Credit Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2021, by and among Micron Technology, Inc., as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, the other agents party thereto, and each financial institution party from time to time thereto10-Q6/3/2110.237/1/21
21.1Subsidiaries of the RegistrantX
23.1Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmX
31.1Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive OfficerX
31.2Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial OfficerX
32.1Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350X
32.2Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. 1350X
101.INSInline XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL documentX
101.SCHInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema DocumentX
101.CALInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase DocumentX
101.DEFInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase DocumentX
101.LABInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase DocumentX
101.PREInline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase DocumentX
104Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)X
  • Portions of this exhibit have been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment filed with the Commission.

** Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

Item 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY

None.

90 | 2021 10-K

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

Micron Technology, Inc.
DateOctober 8, 2021By:/s/ David A. Zinsner
David A. Zinsner Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

SignatureTitleDate
/s/ Sanjay MehrotraPresident andOctober 8, 2021
(Sanjay Mehrotra)Chief Executive Officer and
Director
(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ David A. ZinsnerSenior Vice President andOctober 8, 2021
(David A. Zinsner)Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Scott AllenCorporate Vice President andOctober 8, 2021
(Scott Allen)Chief Accounting Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ Richard M. BeyerDirectorOctober 8, 2021
(Richard M. Beyer)
/s/ Lynn DugleDirectorOctober 8, 2021
(Lynn Dugle)
/s/ Steve GomoDirectorOctober 8, 2021
(Steve Gomo)
/s/ Linnie HaynesworthDirectorOctober 8, 2021
(Linnie Haynesworth)
/s/ Mary Pat McCarthyDirectorOctober 8, 2021
(Mary Pat McCarthy)
/s/ Robert E. SwitzChair of the BoardOctober 8, 2021
(Robert E. Switz)Director
/s/ MaryAnn WrightDirectorOctober 8, 2021
(MaryAnn Wright)

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