Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

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Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

None.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this annual report on Form 10-K to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Miami, Florida, on February 27, 2017.

NORWEGIAN CRUISE LINE HOLDINGS LTD.
By:/s/ Frank J. Del Rio
Name:Frank J. Del Rio
Title:Director, President and Chief Executive Officer

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Frank J. Del Rio, Wendy A. Beck, Daniel S. Farkas and Faye L. Ashby, and each of them, his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, each with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this annual report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and other documents in connection therewith, with the SEC, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-fact and agents or their substitute or substitutes may lawfully so or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, this annual report on Form 10-K has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities and on the date indicated.

SignatureTitleDate
/s/ Frank J. Del RioDirector, President and Chief Executive OfficerFebruary 27, 2017
Frank J. Del Rio(Principal Executive Officer)
/s/ Wendy A. BeckExecutive Vice President and Chief Financial OfficerFebruary 27, 2017
Wendy A. Beck(Principal Financial Officer)
/s/ Faye L. AshbySenior Vice President and Chief Accounting OfficerFebruary 27, 2017
Faye L. Ashby(Principal Accounting Officer)
/s/ Adam M. AronDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
Adam M. Aron
/s/ John ChidseyDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
John Chidsey
/s/ Chad A. LeatDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
Chad A. Leat
/s/ Steve MartinezDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
Steve Martinez
/s/ Walter L. RevellDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
Walter L. Revell
/s/ David M. AbramsDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
David M. Abrams
/s/ Stella DavidDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
Stella David
/s/ Russell W. GalbutDirectorFebruary 27, 2017
Russell W. Galbut
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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

Exhibit NumberDescription of Exhibit
2.1Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 2, 2014, by and among Prestige Cruises International, Inc., Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd., Portland Merger Sub, Inc. and Apollo Management, L.P. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on September 4, 2014 (File No. 001-35784))
2.2Amendment No. 1 to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of October 6, 2014, by and among Prestige Cruises International, Inc., Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd., Portland Merger Sub, Inc. and Apollo Management, L.P. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on October 8, 2014 (File No. 001-35784))
3.1Memorandum of Association of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to amendment no. 5 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on January 8, 2013 (File No. 333-175579))
3.2Amended and Restated Bye-Laws of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd., effective as of May 20, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on May 26, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))
4.1Indenture, dated as of December 14, 2016, between NCL Corporation Ltd. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee with respect to $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.750% senior unsecured notes due 2021 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on December 14, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))
4.2Indenture, dated as of November 10, 2015, between NCL Corporation Ltd. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee with respect to $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.625% senior unsecured notes due 2020 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on November 10, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))
4.3Indenture, dated as of November 19, 2014, between NCL Corporation Ltd. and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee with respect to $680.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.25% senior unsecured notes due 2019 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2014 (File No. 001-35784))
4.4Form of Certificate of Ordinary Shares (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.7 to amendment no. 5 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on January 8, 2013 (File No. 333-175579))
9.1Deed of Trust, dated January 24, 2013, by and between Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. and State House Trust Company Limited (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 9.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on February 8, 2013 (File No. 001-35784))
10.1Thirteenth Supplemental Deed, dated June 21, 2013, to €258.0 million Pride of America Loan dated as of April 4, 2003 (as amended), by and among Pride of America Ship Holding, LLC, NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor, NCL America Holdings, LLC, as shareholder, NCL America LLC, as manager, NCL (Bahamas) Ltd., as Sub-Agent, HSBC Bank PLC, as agent and trustee, KFW IPEX-Bank GmbH, as Hermes agent, and a syndicate of financial institutions party thereto as lenders (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s report on Form 8-K/A filed on July 11, 2013 (File No. 001-35784)) +†
10.2Ninth Supplemental Deed, dated June 21, 2013 to $334.1 million Norwegian Jewel Loan dated as of April 20, 2004 (as amended), by and among Norwegian Jewel Limited, NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor, NCL International, Ltd., as shareholder, NCL (Bahamas) Ltd., as manager, HSBC Bank PLC, as agent and trustee, Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft, as Hermes agent, and a syndicate of financial institutions party thereto as lenders (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s report on Form 8-K/A filed on July 11, 2013 (File No. 001-35784)) +†
10.3Eleventh Supplemental Deed, dated June 21, 2013, to €308.0 million Pride of Hawai’i Loan dated as of April 20, 2004 (as amended), by and among Pride of Hawaii, LLC, NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor, NCL America Holdings, LLC, as shareholder, NCL (Bahamas) Ltd., as bareboat charterer, HSBC Bank PLC, as agent and trustee, KFW IPEX-Bank GmbH, as Hermes agent, and a syndicate of financial institutions party thereto as lenders (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s report on Form 8-K/A filed on July 11, 2013 (File No. 001-35784)) +†
10.4Sixth Supplemental Deed, dated June 1, 2012, to €662.9 million Norwegian Epic Loan, dated as of September 22, 2006, as amended, by and among F3 Two, Ltd., NCL Corporation Ltd. and a syndicate of international banks and related amended and restated Guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s report on Form 6-K/A filed on January 8, 2013 (File No. 333-128780)) +†
10.5Letter, dated November 27, 2015, amending €662.9 million Norwegian Epic Loan, dated as of September 22, 2006, as amended, by and among Norwegian Epic, Ltd. (formerly F3 Two, Ltd.), NCL Corporation Ltd. and a syndicate of international banks and related amended and restated Guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 29, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))
10.6Office Lease Agreement, dated as of November 27, 2006, by and between NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. and Hines Reit Airport Corporate Center
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Exhibit NumberDescription of Exhibit
LLC and related Guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd., and First Amendment, dated November 27, 2006 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.46 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s annual report on Form 20-F filed on March 6, 2007 (File No. 333-128780)) +
10.7Amendment No. 1, dated December 1, 2006, Amendment No. 2, dated March 20, 2007, Amendment No. 3, dated July 31, 2007, and Amendment No. 4, dated December 10, 2007, to Office Lease Agreement, dated December 1, 2006, as amended, by and between Hines Reit Airport Corporate Center LLC and NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.64 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s annual report on Form 20-F filed on March 13, 2008 (File No. 333-128780)) +
10.8Amendment No. 5, dated February 2, 2010, to Office Lease Agreement, dated December 1, 2006, as amended, by and between Hines Reit Airport Corporate Center LLC and NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.45 to amendment no. 2 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on January 31, 2011 (File No. 333-170141))
10.9Amendment No. 6, dated April 1, 2012, and Amendment No. 7, dated June 19, 2012, to Office Lease Agreement, dated December 1, 2006, as amended, by and between Hines Reit Airport Corporate Center LLC and NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s report on Form 6-K filed on November 2, 2012 (File No. 333-128780)) +
10.10Amendment No. 8, dated January 28, 2015, to Office Lease Agreement, dated December 1, 2006, as amended, by and between SPUS7 Miami ACC, LP and NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on May 8, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))+
10.11Amendment No. 9, dated June 30, 2015, to Office Lease Agreement, dated December 1, 2006, as amended, by and between SPUS7 Miami ACC, LP and NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on August 7, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))+
10.12Amendment No. 10, dated March 31, 2016, to Office Lease Agreement, dated December 1, 2006, as amended, by and between SPUS7 Miami ACC, LP and NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on May 10, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))+
10.13Shareholders’ Agreement, dated January 24, 2013, by and among Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd., Genting Hong Kong Limited, Star NCLC Holdings Ltd., AAA Guarantor—Co-Invest VI (B), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV II), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV III), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV IV), L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware) VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware 892) VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Germany) VI, L.P., TPG Viking, L.P., TPG Viking AIV I, L.P., TPG Viking AIV II, L.P. and TPG Viking AIV III, L.P. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on January 30, 2013 (File No. 001-35784))
10.14Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Shareholders’ Agreement of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings, Ltd., dated as of November 19, 2014, by and among Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings, Ltd., Genting Honk Kong Limited, STAR NCLC Holdings Ltd., AAA Guarantor Co-Invest VI (B), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV II), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV III), L.P., AIG VI NCL (AIV IV), L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware) VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware 892) VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Germany) VI, L.P., TPG Viking, L.P., TPG Viking AIV I, L.P., TPG Viking AIV II, L.P., TPG Viking AIV III, L.P., AIF VI Euro Holdings, L.P., AAA Guarantor – Co-Invest VII, L.P., AIF VII Euro Holdings, L.P., Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., Apollo Management VI, L.P. and Apollo Management VII, L.P. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on November 20, 2014 (File No. 001-35784))
10.15€529.8 million Breakaway One Credit Agreement, dated November 18, 2010, by and among Breakaway One, Ltd. and a syndicate of international banks and related Guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.57 to amendment no. 4 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on June 9, 2011 (File No. 333-170141)) +
10.16First Amendment, dated May 31, 2012, to €529.8 million Breakaway One Credit Agreement, dated November 18, 2010, as amended, by and among Breakaway One, Ltd. and a syndicate of international banks (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s report on Form 6-K filed on November 2, 2012 (File No. 333-128780)) +
10.17€529.8 million Breakaway Two Credit Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2010, by and among Breakaway Two, Ltd. and a syndicate of international banks and related Guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.58 to amendment no. 4 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on June 9, 2011 (File No. 333-170141)) +
10.18First Amendment, dated December 21, 2010, to €529.8 million Breakaway Two Credit Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2010, by and among Breakaway Two, Ltd. and a syndicate of international banks and a related Guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.59 to amendment no. 2 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on January 31, 2011 (File No. 333-170141))
10.19Second Amendment, dated May 31, 2012, to €529.8 million Breakaway Two Credit Agreement, dated as of November 18, 2010, by and among Breakaway Two, Ltd. and a syndicate of international banks (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s report on Form 6-K filed on November 2, 2012 (File No. 333-128780)) +
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Exhibit NumberDescription of Exhibit
10.20€590.5 million Breakaway Three Credit Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and among Breakaway Three, Ltd. and various other lenders therein defined and a related Guaranty by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s report on Form 6-K/A filed on January 8, 2013 (File No. 333-128780)) +
10.21Supplemental Agreement, dated July 26, 2016, to €590.5 million Breakaway Four Credit Agreement, dated October 12, 2012, by and among Breakaway Four, Ltd., as borrower, NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor, NCL International, Ltd., as shareholder and KfW IPEX-Bank GmbH, as facility agent and lender (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on November 9, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))+†
10.22Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 6, 2016, by and among NCL Corporation Ltd., as borrower, Voyager Vessel Company, LLC, as co-borrower, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent and as collateral agent and a syndicate of other banks party thereto as joint bookrunners, arrangers, co-documentation agents and lenders (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on August 9, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))+ †
10.23Supplemental Agreement, dated December 22, 2015, to €665.9 million Seahawk One Credit Agreement, dated July 14, 2014, by and among Seahawk One, Ltd. and various other lenders therein defined and a related guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 29, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))+†
10.24Supplemental Agreement, dated December 22, 2015, to €665.9 million Seahawk Two Credit Agreement, dated July 14, 2014, by and among Seahawk Two, Ltd. and various other lenders therein defined and a related guarantee by NCL Corporation Ltd. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 29, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))+†
10.25Amendment and Restatement Agreement, dated October 31, 2014, but effective as of November 19, 2014, relating to the loan agreement originally dated July 18, 2008, among Riviera New Build, LLC, as borrower, the banks and financial institutions listed in Schedule 1 as lenders, Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank and Société Générale, as mandated lead arrangers and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as agent and SACE agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.72 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))+†
10.26Guarantee relating to the loan agreement dated July 18, 2008 in respect of the Oceania Riviera, dated October 31, 2014, but effective November 19, 2014, among NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor, the banks and financial institutions listed in Schedule 1 as lenders, Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank and Société Générale, as mandated lead arrangers and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.73 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))+
10.27Amendment and Restatement Agreement, dated October 31, 2014, but effective as of November 19, 2014, relating to the loan agreement originally dated July 18, 2008, among Marina New Build, LLC, as borrower, the banks and financial institutions listed in Schedule 1 as lenders, Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank and Société Générale, as mandated lead arrangers and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as agent and SACE agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.74 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))+†
10.28Guarantee relating to the loan agreement dated July 18, 2008 in respect of the Oceania Marina, dated October 31, 2014, but effective November 19, 2014, among NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor, the banks and financial institutions listed in Schedule 1 as lenders, Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank and Société Générale, as mandated lead arrangers and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as agent (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.75 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))+
10.29Amendment and Restatement Agreement, dated October 31, 2014, but effective as of November 19, 2014, relating to the loan agreement originally dated July 31, 2013, among Explorer New Build, LLC, as borrower, the banks and financial institutions listed in Schedule 1 as lenders, Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, Société Générale, HSBC Bank plc, KFW IPEX-Bank GmbH, as joint mandated lead arrangers and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as agent, SACE agent and security trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.76 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))+†
10.30Guarantee relating to the loan agreement dated July 31, 2013 in respect of the Seven Seas Explorer, dated October 31, 2014, but effective November 19, 2014, among NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as security trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.77 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))
10.31Explorer Class Newbuild Loan Agreement, dated March 30, 2016, among Explorer II New Build, LLC, as borrower, the banks and financial institutions listed in Schedule 1 as lenders, Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank, Société Générale, HSBC Bank plc, KFW IPEX-Bank GmbH, as joint mandated lead arrangers and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as agent and security trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on May 10, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))+
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Exhibit NumberDescription of Exhibit
10.32Guarantee relating to the Explorer Class Newbuild Loan Agreement, dated March 30, 2016, among NCL Corporation Ltd., as guarantor, and Crédit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank as Security Trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on May 10, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))+
10.33Amended and Restated Regent Trademark License Agreement, dated February 21, 2011, by and between Regent Hospitality Worldwide, LLC and Seven Seas Cruises, S. DE R.L. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.17 to Prestige Cruises International, Inc.’s Amendment No. 1 to Form S-1 filed on March 24, 2014 (File No. 333-193479))
10.34Employment Agreement by and between NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. and Wendy A. Beck, entered into on September 2, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.35Employment Agreement by and between NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. and Andrew Stuart, entered into on September 16, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on September 19, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.36Employment Agreement by and between Prestige Cruise Services, LLC and Jason Montague, entered into on September 16, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on September 19, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.37Employment Agreement by and between Prestige Cruise Services, LLC and Robert J. Binder, entered into on September 16, 2016 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on September 19, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.38Amended and Restated Executive Employment Agreement by and between Oceania Cruises, Inc. and Frank J. Del Rio, entered into on June 5, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Seven Seas Cruises S. DE R.L.’s Form 8-K filed on June 10, 2014 (File No. 333-178244))*
10.39Letter Regarding Frank Del Rio’s Executive Employment Agreement, dated September 2, 2014 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.89 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 27, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.40Letter Regarding Amendment to Frank J. Del Rio’s Executive Employment Agreement, dated August 4, 2015 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.41NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. Senior Management Retirement Savings Plan, amended and restated as of January 1, 2008 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.67 to amendment no. 3 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on February 11, 2011 (File No. 333-170141))*
10.42NCL (Bahamas) Ltd. Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan, amended and restated as of January 1, 2008 (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.68 to amendment no. 3 to NCL Corporation Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on February 11, 2011 (File No. 333-170141))*
10.43Form of Indemnification Agreement by and between Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. and each of its directors, executive officers and certain other officers (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.89 to amendment no. 5 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s registration statement on Form S-1 filed on January 8, 2013 (File No. 333-175579))
10.44Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. Amended and Restated 2013 Performance Incentive Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 8-K filed on May 24, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.45Form of Notice of Grant of Option and Terms and Conditions of Option (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on May 8, 2013 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.46Form of Director Restricted Share Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on July 30, 2013 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.47Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on July 31, 2014 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.48Directors’ Compensation Policy (effective November 11, 2015) (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.61 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 29, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.49Form of Director Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.62 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-K filed on February 29, 2016 (File No. 001-35784))*
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Exhibit NumberDescription of Exhibit
10.50Form of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. Time and Performance-based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.51Form of Notice of Grant of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. Time and Performance-based Option and Terms and Conditions (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Form 10-Q filed on November 4, 2015 (File No. 001-35784))*
10.52**Form of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. Time-based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement (2017)*
10.53**Form of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. Performance-based Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement (2017)*
21.1**List of Subsidiaries of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.
23.1**Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, independent registered certified public accounting firm
24.1**Power of Attorney (included on Signatures page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K)
31.1**Certification of the Annual Report Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the President and Chief Executive Officer
31.2**Certification of the Annual Report Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
32.1***Certification of the Annual Report Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 by the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer
101**The following materials from Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL), as follows: (i) Consolidated Statements of Operations of NCLH for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income of NCLH for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; (iii) Consolidated Balance Sheets of NCLH as of December 31, 2016 and 2015; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows of NCLH for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; (v) Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity of NCLH for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; (vi) the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements; and (vii) Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts tagged in summary and detail.
+Confidential treatment has been granted with respect to certain portions of this exhibit. Omitted portions have been filed separately with the SEC.
†Agreement restates previous versions of agreement.
*Management contract or compensatory plan.
**Filed herewith.
***Furnished herewith.
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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts (in thousands)

Additions
DescriptionBalance 12/31/13Charged to costs and expensesCharged to other accounts -Deductions (a)Balance 12/31/14
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets$84,695$—$47,032$(50,023)$81,704
Additions
DescriptionBalance 12/31/14Charged to costs and expensesCharged to other accounts -Deductions (a)Balance 12/31/15
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets$81,704$—$—$(20,267)$61,437
DescriptionBalance 12/31/15Charged to costs and expensesCharged to other accounts -Deductions (a)Balance 12/31/16
Valuation allowance on deferred tax assets$61,437$—$9,382$(6,246)$64,573
(a)Amount relates to (i) utilization of deferred tax assets and (ii) revaluation of deferred tax assets from their functional currency to USD.
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Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page
Report of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting FirmF-1
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-2
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-3
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015F-4
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-5
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-6
Notes to the Consolidated Financial StatementsF-7
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Report of Independent Registered Certified Public Accounting Firm

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15 (2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein when read in conjunction with the related consolidated financial statements. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework 2013 issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for these financial statements and financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting appearing under Item 9A. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial statement schedule, and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our integrated audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Miami, Florida

February 27, 2017

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Revenue
Passenger ticket$3,388,954$3,129,075$2,176,153
Onboard and other1,485,3861,215,973949,728
Total revenue4,874,3404,345,0483,125,881
Cruise operating expense
Commissions, transportation and other813,559765,298503,722
Onboard and other298,886272,802224,000
Payroll and related746,142666,110452,647
Fuel335,174358,650326,231
Food200,071179,641168,240
Other456,393412,948271,784
Total cruise operating expense2,850,2252,655,4491,946,624
Other operating expense
Marketing, general and administrative666,156554,999403,169
Depreciation and amortization432,495432,114273,147
Total other operating expense1,098,651987,113676,316
Operating income925,464702,486502,941
Non-operating income (expense)
Interest expense, net(276,859)(221,909)(151,754)
Other income (expense), net(8,302)(46,668)(10,853)
Total non-operating income (expense)(285,161)(268,577)(162,607)
Net income before income taxes640,303433,909340,334
Income tax benefit (expense)(7,218)(6,772)2,267
Net income633,085427,137342,601
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest——4,249
Net income attributable to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.$633,085$427,137$338,352
Weighted-average shares outstanding
Basic227,121,875226,591,437206,524,968
Diluted227,850,286230,040,132212,017,784
Earnings per share
Basic$2.79$1.89$1.64
Diluted$2.78$1.86$1.62

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Net income$633,085$427,137$342,601
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Shipboard Retirement Plan4971,102(2,311)
Cash flow hedges:
Net unrealized gain (loss) related to cash flow hedges1,711(262,852)(238,436)
Amount realized and reclassified into earnings95,96991,74213,354
Total other comprehensive income (loss)98,177(170,008)(227,393)
Total comprehensive income731,262257,129115,208
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest——2,808
Comprehensive income attributable to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.$731,262$257,129$112,400

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands, except share data)

December 31,
20162015
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$128,347$115,937
Accounts receivable, net63,21544,996
Inventories66,25558,173
Prepaid expenses and other assets153,276121,305
Total current assets411,093340,411
Property and equipment, net10,117,6899,458,805
Goodwill1,388,9311,388,931
Tradenames817,525817,525
Other long-term assets238,673259,085
Total assets$12,973,911$12,264,757
Liabilities and shareholders’ equity
Current liabilities:
Current portion of long-term debt$560,193$629,840
Accounts payable38,00245,488
Accrued expenses and other liabilities541,753646,449
Due to Affiliate—20,769
Advance ticket sales1,172,8701,023,973
Total current liabilities2,312,8182,366,519
Long-term debt5,838,4945,767,697
Other long-term liabilities284,873349,661
Total liabilities8,436,1858,483,877
Commitments and contingencies (Note 12)
Shareholders’ equity:
Ordinary shares, $.001 par value; 490,000,000 shares authorized; 232,555,937 shares issued and 227,243,976 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 232,179,786 shares issued and 227,815,301 shares outstanding at December 31, 2015232232
Additional paid-in capital3,890,1193,814,536
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)(314,473)(412,650)
Retained earnings1,201,103568,018
Treasury shares (5,311,961 and 4,364,485 ordinary shares at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, at cost)(239,255)(189,256)
Total shareholders’ equity4,537,7263,780,880
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity$12,973,911$12,264,757

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Cash flows from operating activities
Net income$633,085$427,137$342,601
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization expense445,635450,335304,877
Loss on derivatives7926,5257,274
Deferred income taxes, net(2,448)1,2696,187
Gain on contingent consideration—(43,400)—
Write-off of financing fees18,9304,07015,628
Provision for bad debts and inventory3,8665,029—
Share-based compensation expense66,41442,20914,617
Changes in operating assets and liabilities excluding the impact of the Acquisition of Prestige:
Accounts receivable, net(20,983)(14,803)(7,256)
Inventories(9,184)(4,408)(261)
Prepaid expenses and other assets(18,534)(10,325)(6,373)
Accounts payable(5,755)(52,723)960
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(6,410)(5,350)(18,706)
Advance ticket sales134,971218,260(23,947)
Payment of original issue discount—(1,647)—
Net cash provided by operating activities1,239,6661,042,178635,601
Cash flows from investing activities
Acquisition of Prestige, net of cash received——(826,686)
Additions to property and equipment, net(1,092,091)(1,121,984)(964,640)
Settlement of derivatives(36,823)(83,519)(5,334)
Investment in trademark—(750)—
Net cash used in investing activities(1,128,914)(1,206,253)(1,796,660)
Cash flows from financing activities
Repayments of long-term debt(3,744,029)(1,569,313)(1,688,720)
Repayments to Affiliate(18,522)(37,042)(37,043)
Proceeds from long-term debt3,753,9281,855,8093,107,721
Proceeds from the exercise of share options6,73869,1275,857
Proceeds from employee share purchase plan2,431858—
Purchases of treasury shares(49,999)(107,256)(82,000)
NCLC partnership tax distributions——(218)
Deferred financing fees and other(48,889)(16,995)(116,181)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities(98,342)195,1881,189,416
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents12,41031,11328,357
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year115,93784,82456,467
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year$128,347$115,937$84,824
Supplemental disclosures (Note 15)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity

(in thousands)

Ordinary SharesAdditional Paid-in CapitalAccumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Retained Earnings (Deficit)Treasury SharesNon-controlling InterestTotal Shareholders’ Equity
Balance, December 31, 2013$205$2,822,864$(16,690)$(197,471)$—$22,358$2,631,266
Share-based compensation—14,617————14,617
Transactions with Affiliates, net—(59)————(59)
NCLC partnership tax distributions—————(218)(218)
Proceeds from the exercise of share options15,856————5,857
Treasury shares————(82,000)—(82,000)
Acquisition of Prestige20834,122————834,142
Other comprehensive loss——(225,952)——(1,441)(227,393)
Net income———338,352—4,249342,601
Transfers from non-controlling interest424,944———(24,948)—
Balance, December 31, 20142303,702,344(242,642)140,881(82,000)—3,518,813
Share-based compensation—42,209————42,209
Proceeds from the exercise of share options269,125————69,127
Proceeds from employee share purchase plan—858————858
Treasury shares————(107,256)—(107,256)
Other comprehensive loss——(170,008)———(170,008)
Net income———427,137——427,137
Balance, December 31, 20152323,814,536(412,650)568,018(189,256)—3,780,880
Share-based compensation—66,414————66,414
Proceeds from the exercise of share options—6,738————6,738
Proceeds from employee share purchase plan—2,431————2,431
Treasury shares————(49,999)—(49,999)
Other comprehensive income——98,177———98,177
Net income———633,085——633,085
Balance, December 31, 2016$232$3,890,119$(314,473)$1,201,103$(239,255)$—$4,537,726

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

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Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1.Description of Business and Organization

NCLH is a leading global cruise company which operates the Norwegian Cruise Line, Oceania Cruises and Regent Seven Seas Cruises brands. We have 24 ships with approximately 46,500 Berths and plan to introduce eight additional ships through 2025 (we refer you to Note 16— “Subsequent Events”).

Norwegian commenced operations from Miami in 1966. In February 2000, Genting HK acquired control of and subsequently became the sole owner of the Norwegian operations.

In January 2008, the Apollo Holders acquired 50% of the outstanding ordinary share capital of NCLC. As part of this investment, the Apollo Holders assumed control of NCLC’s Board of Directors. Also, in January 2008, the TPG Viking Funds acquired, in the aggregate, 12.5% of NCLC’s outstanding share capital from the Apollo Holders.

In February 2011, NCLH, a Bermuda limited company, was formed with the issuance to the Sponsors of, in aggregate, 10,000 ordinary shares, with a par value of $.001 per share. On January 24, 2013, NCLH consummated the IPO. In connection with the consummation of the IPO, the Sponsors’ ordinary shares in NCLC were exchanged for the ordinary shares of NCLH at a share exchange ratio of 1.0 to 8.42565 and NCLH became the owner of 100% of the ordinary shares and parent company of NCLC (the “Corporate Reorganization”). Accordingly, NCLH contributed $460.0 million to NCLC and the historical financial statements of NCLC became those of NCLH. The Corporate Reorganization was effected solely for the purpose of reorganizing our corporate structure. NCLH had not prior to the completion of the Corporate Reorganization conducted any activities other than those incidental to its formation and to preparations for the Corporate Reorganization and IPO. The Corporate Reorganization resulted in all parties being in the same economic position as they were immediately prior to the IPO. As the economic position of the investors did not change as part of the Corporate Reorganization it is considered a nonsubstantive merger from an accounting perspective.

As a result of the Corporate Reorganization, NCLC was treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and the terms of the partnership (including the economic rights with respect thereto) were set forth in an amended and restated tax agreement for NCLC. Economic interests in NCLC were represented by the partnership interests established under the tax agreement, which we refer to as “NCL Corporation Units.” The NCL Corporation Units held by NCLH (as a result of its ownership of 100% of the ordinary shares of NCLC) represented a 97.3% economic interest in NCLC as of the consummation of the IPO. The remaining 2.7% economic interest in NCLC as of the consummation of the IPO was in the form of Management NCL Corporation Units held by management (or former management).

In November 2014, we completed the Acquisition of Prestige.

In the fourth quarter of 2014, all Management NCL Corporation Units were exchanged for NCLH ordinary shares and restricted shares. NCLH became the sole member and 100% owner of the economic interests in NCLC and the non-controlling interest no longer exists. Accordingly, NCLC is now treated as a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. No new NCLC profits interests or Management NCL Corporation Units will be issued; however, NCLH has granted, and expects to continue to grant, equity to its employees and members of its Board of Directors under its long-term incentive plan.

The Sponsors have completed numerous Secondary Equity Offerings and as of December 31, 2016 have reduced their ownership to 29.4% of NCLH’s ordinary shares (we refer you to Note 8— “Related Party Disclosures”).

2.Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

Our consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and contain all normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the results for the periods presented. Estimates are required for the preparation of consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and actual results could differ from these estimates. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions are eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassification

Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current period presentation. During the fourth quarter of 2016, we combined liabilities that were previously reflected in accounts payable with accrued liabilities in our consolidated

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balance sheets to better reflect all accruals in one caption. This change was applied retrospectively. As of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, accrued liabilities increased and accounts payable decreased by $7.2 million and $5.9 million, respectively. This change does not impact net working capital movements, operating cash flows or total current liabilities.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are stated at cost, and include cash and investments with original maturities of three months or less at acquisition and also include amounts due from credit card processors.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash consists of cash collateral in respect of certain agreements and is included in prepaid expenses and other assets and other long-term assets in our consolidated balance sheets.

Accounts Receivable, Net

Accounts receivable are shown net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $4.7 million and $3.7 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Inventories

Inventories mainly consist of provisions, supplies and fuel and are carried at the lower of cost or market using the first-in, first-out method of accounting.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred except for those that result in tangible assets, including brochures, which are treated as prepaid expenses and charged to expense as consumed. Advertising costs of $1.3 million and $3.4 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, are included in prepaid expenses and other assets. Expenses related to advertising costs totaled $270.5 million, $232.2 million and $122.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Earnings Per Share

Basic EPS is computed by dividing net income attributable to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd. by the basic weighted-average number of shares outstanding during each period. Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income by diluted weighted-average shares outstanding. A reconciliation between basic and diluted EPS was as follows (in thousands, except share and per share data):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Net income attributable to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.$633,085$427,137$338,352
Net income$633,085$427,137$342,601
Basic weighted-average shares outstanding227,121,875226,591,437206,524,968
Potentially dilutive shares728,4113,448,6955,492,816
Diluted weighted-average shares outstanding227,850,286230,040,132212,017,784
Basic EPS$2.79$1.89$1.64
Diluted EPS$2.78$1.86$1.62

For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 a total of 7.1 million, 2.8 million and 3.2 million shares, respectively, have been excluded from diluted weighted-average shares outstanding because the effect of including them would have been anti-dilutive.

Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost. Major renewals and improvements that we believe add value to our ships are capitalized as a cost of the ship while costs of repairs and maintenance, including Dry-dock costs, are charged to expense as incurred. During ship construction, certain interest is capitalized as a cost of the ship. Gains or losses on the sale of property and equipment are recorded as a component of operating income (expense) in our consolidated statements of operations.

Depreciation is computed on the straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets and after a 15% reduction for the estimated residual values of ships as follows:

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Useful Life
Ships30 years
Computer hardware and software3-10 years
Other property and equipment3-40 years
Leasehold improvementsShorter of lease term or asset life

Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term or related asset life.

Long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment, based on estimated future cash flows, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Assets are grouped and evaluated at the lowest level for which there are identifiable cash flows that are largely independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets. We consider historical performance and future estimated results in our evaluation of potential impairment and then compare the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset. If the carrying amount of the asset exceeds estimated expected undiscounted future cash flows, we measure the amount of the impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to its fair value. We estimate fair value based on the best information available making whatever estimates, judgments and projections are considered necessary. The estimation of fair value is generally measured by discounting expected future cash flows at discount rates commensurate with the risk involved.

Goodwill and Tradenames

Goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net assets acquired. Goodwill and other indefinite-lived assets, principally tradenames, are reviewed for impairment on an annual basis or earlier if there is an event or change in circumstances that would indicate that the carrying value of these assets could not be fully recovered. We use the Step 0 Test which allows us to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not (i.e., more than 50%) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. In order to make this evaluation, we consider the following circumstances as well as others:

·General macroeconomic conditions such as a deterioration in general economic conditions; limitations on accessing capital; fluctuations in foreign exchange rates; or other developments in equity and credit markets;
·Industry and market conditions such as a deterioration in the environment in which an entity operates; an increased competitive environment; a decline in market-dependent multiples or metrics (in both absolute terms and relative to peers); a change in the market for an entity’s products or services; or a regulatory or political development;
·Changes in cost factors that have a negative effect on earnings and cash flows;
·Overall financial performance (for both actual and expected performance);
·Entity and reporting unit specific events such as changes in management, key personnel, strategy, or customers; litigation; or a change in the composition or carrying amount of net assets; and
·Share price (in both absolute terms and relative to peers).

We also may conduct a quantitative assessment comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. This is called the Step I Test which consists of a combined approach using the expected future cash flows and market multiples to determine the fair value of the reporting units. Our discounted cash flow valuation reflects our projection for growth and profitability, taking into account our assessment of future market conditions and demand, as well as a determination of a cost of capital that incorporates both business and financial risks. We believe that the combined approach is the most representative method to assess fair value as it utilizes expectations of long-term growth as well as current market conditions.

In the third quarter of 2016, based on the performance of the Oceania Cruises reporting unit, we performed an interim goodwill impairment evaluation consisting of a Step I Test. Based on that evaluation, we determined that there was no impairment of goodwill because its fair value exceeded its carrying value. For our annual impairment evaluation, we performed a Step 0 Test for the Norwegian reporting unit and Step I Tests for the Regent Seven Seas and the Oceania Cruises reporting units. Based on those evaluations, we determined that there was no impairment of goodwill because the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value. However, if the fair value of any reporting unit declines in future periods, its goodwill may become impaired at that time. As of December 31, 2016, there was $523.0 million, $462.1 million and $403.8 million of goodwill for the Oceania Cruises, Regent Seven Seas and Norwegian reporting units, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, our annual review consisting of the Step 0 and Step I Tests supports the carrying value of these assets.

F-9

We have concluded that our business has three reporting units. Each brand, Oceania Cruises, Regent and Norwegian, constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is available and management regularly reviews the operating results and, therefore, each brand is considered an operating segment.

Revenue and Expense Recognition

Deposits received from guests for future voyages are recorded as advance ticket sales and are subsequently recognized as passenger ticket revenue along with onboard and other revenue, and all associated direct costs of a voyage are recognized as cruise operating expenses on a pro-rata basis over the period of the voyage. Guest cancellation fees are recognized in passenger ticket revenue in the month of the cancellation. Certain of our product offerings are accounted for under the guidance included within multi-element arrangements and result in an allocation of the fair value between passenger ticket revenue and onboard and other revenue.

Revenue and expenses include port fees and taxes. The amounts included on a gross basis are $286.6 million, $243.8 million and $240.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability are presented in the consolidated balance sheets as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. For line of credit arrangements and for those debt facilities not fully drawn we defer and present debt issuance costs as an asset. These deferred issuance costs are amortized over the life of the loan agreement. The amortization of deferred financing fees is included in depreciation and amortization expense in the consolidated statements of cash flows; however, for purposes of the consolidated statements of operations it is included in interest expense, net.

Foreign Currency

The majority of our transactions are settled in U.S. dollars. We translate assets and liabilities of our foreign subsidiaries at exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date. Gains or losses resulting from transactions denominated in other currencies are recognized in our consolidated statements of operations within other income (expense), net and such gains were approximately $4.5 million, $11.0 million and $6.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activity

We enter into derivative contracts to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, interest rates and fuel prices. The criteria used to determine whether a transaction qualifies for hedge accounting treatment includes the correlation between fluctuations in the fair value of the hedged item and the fair value of the related derivative instrument and its effectiveness as a hedge. As the derivative is marked to fair value, we elected an accounting policy to net the fair value of our derivatives when a master netting arrangement exists with our counterparties.

A derivative instrument that hedges a forecasted transaction or the variability of cash flows related to a recognized asset or liability may be designated as a cash flow hedge. Changes in fair value of derivative instruments that are designated as cash flow hedges are recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) until the underlying hedged transactions are recognized in earnings. To the extent that an instrument is not effective as a hedge, gains and losses are recognized in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations. Realized gains and losses related to our effective fuel hedges are recognized in fuel expense. For presentation in our consolidated statements of cash flows, we have elected to classify the cash flows from our cash flow hedges in the same category as the cash flows from the items being hedged.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

We monitor concentrations of credit risk associated with financial and other institutions with which we conduct significant business. Credit risk, including but not limited to counterparty non-performance under derivative instruments, our New Revolving Loan Facility and new ship progress payment guarantees, is not considered significant, as we primarily conduct business with large, well-established financial institutions and insurance companies that we have well-established relationships with and that have credit risks acceptable to us or the credit risk is spread out among a large number of creditors. We do not anticipate non-performance by any of our significant counterparties.

Insurance

We use a combination of insurance and self-insurance for a number of risks including claims related to crew and guests, hull and machinery, war risk, workers’ compensation, property damage, employee healthcare and general liability. Liabilities associated with certain of these risks, including crew and passenger claims, are estimated actuarially based upon known facts, historical trends and a reasonable estimate of future expenses. While we believe these accruals are adequate, the ultimate losses incurred may differ from those recorded.

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Income Taxes

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are calculated in accordance with the liability method. Deferred taxes are recorded using the currently enacted tax rates that apply in the periods that the differences are expected to reverse. Deferred taxes are not discounted.

We provide a valuation allowance on deferred tax assets when it is more likely than not that such assets will not be realized. With respect to acquired deferred tax assets, future reversals of the valuation allowance will first be applied against goodwill and other intangible assets before recognition of a benefit in our consolidated statements of operations.

Share-Based Compensation

We recognize expense for our share-based compensation awards using a fair-value-based method. Share-based compensation expense is recognized over the requisite service period for awards that are based on a service period and not contingent upon any future performance. We refer you to Note 10—“Employee Benefits and Share-Based Compensation.”

Segment Reporting

We have concluded that our business has a single reportable segment. Each brand, Norwegian, Oceania Cruises and Regent constitutes a business for which discrete financial information is available and management regularly reviews the operating results and, therefore, each brand is considered an operating segment. Our operating segments have similar economic and qualitative characteristics, including similar long-term margins and similar products and services; therefore, we aggregate all of the operating segments into one reportable segment.

Although we sell cruises on an international basis, our passenger ticket revenue is primarily attributed to U.S.-sourced guests who make reservations in the U.S. Revenue attributable to U.S.-sourced guests was 81%, 75% and 73% for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. No other individual country’s revenues exceeded 10% in any of our last three years.

Revenues by destination were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
North America$3,132,208$2,743,007$2,388,457
Europe1,148,4031,120,705629,457
Asia-Pacific196,978198,13141,261
Other396,751283,20566,706
Total Revenues$4,874,340$4,345,048$3,125,881

Substantially all of our long–lived assets are located outside of the U.S. and consist primarily of our ships. We have 16 ships with Bahamas registry with a carrying value of $7.1 billion and $7.2 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. We have seven ships with Marshall Island registry with a carrying value of $1.9 billion as of December 31, 2016 and six ships with Marshall Island registry with a carrying value of $1.4 billion as of December 31, 2015. We also have one ship with U.S. registry with a carrying value of $0.3 billion as of December 31, 2016 and 2015.

Recently Issued Accounting Policies

In January 2017, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2017-04 which simplifies the test for goodwill impairment by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. Step 2 measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The guidance is effective for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. We do not expect to early adopt this guidance.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15 which amends Topic 230 (Statement of Cash Flows) to eliminate discrepancies in reporting certain items in the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. The transition should be made using a retrospective approach. We do not believe that the adoption of this guidance will be material to our consolidated statements of cash flows.

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12 which addresses improvements to the guidance on revenue from contracts from customers regarding collectability, noncash consideration, and completed contracts at transition. Additionally, it provides a

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practical expedient for contract modifications at transition and an accounting policy election related to the presentation of sales taxes and other similar taxes collected from customers. The effective date of this guidance is upon adoption of ASU No. 2014-09 which is presented below. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance to our consolidated financial statements.

In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-11 which is a rescission of Securities and Exchange Commission guidance related to the issuance of ASU No. 2014-09 which is presented below. The effective date of this guidance is upon adoption of ASU No. 2014-09. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance to our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10 which does not change the core principle of the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09 but clarifies two aspects: identifying performance obligations and the licensing implementation guidance, while retaining the related principles for those areas. The effective date of this guidance is upon adoption of ASU No. 2014-09. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this guidance to our consolidated financial statements.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09 to improve multiple aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions, including income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities and classification on the statement of cash flows. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption permitted. We do not believe that the adoption of this guidance will be material to our consolidated financial statements.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02 which sets out the principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both parties to a contract (i.e. lessees and lessors). The ASU requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities on the balance sheet for the rights and obligations created by all leases with terms of more than 12 months. The ASU further modifies lessors’ classification criteria for leases and the accounting for sales-type and direct financing leases. The ASU will also require qualitative and quantitative disclosures designed to give financial statement users additional information on the amount, timing, and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The ASU is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2018 with early adoption permitted. The ASU is to be applied using a modified retrospective approach. We are currently reviewing our existing leases to evaluate the impact of the adoption of this guidance to our consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11 to simplify the measurement of inventory for all entities. This applies to all inventory that is measured using either the first-in, first-out or average cost method. The guidance requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. The guidance must be applied prospectively and will be effective for our interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an interim or annual reporting period. We have evaluated the impact of the adoption of this guidance to our consolidated financial statements and there will not be a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-05 to clarify a customer’s accounting for fees paid in a cloud computing arrangement. The amendments provide guidance to customers about whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license or if the arrangement should be accounted for as a service contract. This guidance will impact the accounting of software licenses but will not change a customer’s accounting for service contracts. The guidance will be effective for annual periods, including interim periods within those annual periods, beginning after December 15, 2015. We have adopted this guidance and there has not been an impact to our consolidated financial statements.

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09 which requires entities to recognize revenue through the application of a five-step model, including identification of the contract, identification of the performance obligations, determination of the transaction price, allocation of the transaction price to the performance obligation and recognition of revenue as the entity satisfies the performance obligations. Entities have the option of using either a full retrospective or a modified approach to adopt the guidance. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14 deferring the effective date for one year. We can elect to adopt the provisions of ASU No. 2014-09 for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 including interim periods within that reporting period or we can elect to early adopt the guidance as of the original effective date. We expect to adopt a modified retrospective application for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. We have initiated an assessment of our systems, data and processes related to the implementation of this guidance. This assessment is expected to be completed during 2017. Additionally, we are currently evaluating our performance obligations and believe that our application of the guidance will not result in a material change to our revenue recognition.

3.Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill and tradenames are not subject to amortization. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015 the carrying values were $1.4 billion for goodwill and $0.8 billion for tradenames.

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The gross carrying amounts of intangible assets included within other long-term assets, the related accumulated amortization, the net carrying amounts and the weighted-average amortization periods of the Company’s intangible assets are listed in the following tables (in thousands, except amortization period):

December 31, 2016
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountWeighted- Average Amortization Period (Years)
Customer relationship$120,000$(36,593)$83,4076.0
Licenses3,368(807)2,5615.6
Non-compete agreements660(495)1651.0
Total intangible assets subject to amortization$124,028$(37,895)$86,133
License (Indefinite-lived)$4,427$—$—
December 31, 2015
Gross Carrying AmountAccumulated AmortizationNet Carrying AmountWeighted- Average Amortization Period (Years)
Customer relationship$120,000$(15,527)$104,4736.0
Backlog70,000(70,000)—1.0
Licenses3,368(208)3,1605.6
Total intangible assets subject to amortization$193,368$(85,735)$107,633
License (Indefinite-lived)$4,427$—$—

The aggregate amortization expense is as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Amortization expense$22,160$73,207$12,528

The following table sets forth the Company’s estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five years below (in thousands):

Year ended December 31,Amortization Expense
2017$31,067
201826,163
201918,489
20209,906
202175
4.The Acquisition of Prestige

On September 2, 2014, NCLH entered into an agreement with funds affiliated with Apollo and other owners to acquire 100% of the equity of Prestige. On November 19, 2014, we completed the Acquisition of Prestige.

The Acquisition of Prestige and the principal factors that contributed to the recognition of goodwill are enhancements of our financial profile which created a company with increased economies of scale, greater operating leverage and synergies. These synergies include revenue enhancements and opportunities for savings in various areas. The Acquisition of Prestige also created a company with greater cash flow generation, accelerating the ability to delever our balance sheet.

Consideration for the Acquisition of Prestige consisted of $1.1 billion in cash and non-cash considerations of 19,969,889 NCLH ordinary shares valued at $834.1 million based on the closing market price of NCLH’s shares as of November 18, 2014 and contingent consideration valued at $43.4 million. In addition, we assumed debt of $1.6 billion from Prestige. The contingent consideration arrangement subjected NCLH to an additional cash payment of up to $50 million upon achievement of certain 2015 revenue milestones. The contingent consideration was valued using various projected 2015 revenue scenarios weighted by the likelihood of each scenario occurring. The probability weighted payout was then discounted at an appropriate discount rate commensurate for the risk of meeting the probabilistic cash flows. For more on the contingent consideration valuation, we refer you to “Valuation of Contingent Consideration” below.

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Prestige is reported in our results of operations from the acquisition date which includes approximately $111.7 million of revenue and approximately $19.7 million of operating loss related to Prestige for the period ended December 31, 2014.

The excess of the cost of acquisition over the net of amounts assigned to the fair value of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed is recorded as goodwill, which is not expected to be deductible for tax purposes.

Based on this fair valuation, the purchase price was allocated as follows (in thousands):

Consideration Allocated:

Accounts receivable$6,916
Inventories12,579
Prepaid expenses and other assets48,670
Amortizable intangible assets190,000
Property and equipment2,175,039
Goodwill and tradenames1,595,126
Other long-term assets15,607
Current portion of long-term debt(97,006)
Accounts payable(14,880)
Accrued expenses and other liabilities(190,256)
Advance ticket sales(439,313)
Long-term debt(1,456,038)
Other long-term liabilities(142,216)
Total consideration allocated, net of $295.8 million of cash acquired$1,704,228

Goodwill and intangible assets acquired included the following (in thousands):

Goodwill$985,126
Tradenames (indefinite lived)610,000
Backlog (1 year amortization period)70,000
Customer relationships (6 year amortization period)120,000

Pro forma Financial Information (unaudited)

The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations of NCLH and Prestige as if the Acquisition of Prestige had occurred on January 1, 2013. The pro forma results presented below for 2014 combine the historical results of NCLH and Prestige for 2014. The unaudited pro forma financial information is not intended to represent or be indicative of our consolidated results of operations or financial condition that would have been reported had the Acquisition of Prestige been completed as of January 1, 2013 and should not be taken as indicative of our future consolidated results of operations or financial condition.

The unaudited pro forma financial information was as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

Year Ended December 31,
20142013
Total revenue$4,310,079$3,704,692
Net income (loss) attributable to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.497,020(683)
Earnings per share:
Basic$2.21$—
Dilutive$2.19$—

The unaudited pro forma financial information includes non-recurring pro forma adjustments of $57.5 million in acquisition related expenses within marketing, general and administrative expense, a purchase price adjustment decreasing passenger ticket revenue by $48.9 million, $15.4 million of expenses related to financing transactions in conjunction with the Acquisition of Prestige within interest expense and $70.0 million of amortization related to the backlog intangible asset in the year ended December 31, 2013.

Valuation of Contingent Consideration

The contingent consideration was valued using various projected 2015 Net Revenue scenarios weighted by the likelihood of each scenario occurring. The probability-weighted payout was then discounted at an appropriate discount rate commensurate for

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the risk of meeting the probabilistic cash flows. As the fair value was measured based upon significant inputs that are unobservable in the market, it was classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Level 3 consists of significant unobservable inputs we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the Company’s contingent consideration are the estimated annual Net Revenue and the probabilities associated with attaining the threshold and target Net Revenue as defined by the Merger Agreement. A significant increase in the estimated Net Revenue or an increase in the probability associated with reaching the target could have resulted in a significantly higher fair value measurement. The maximum fair value would not be able to exceed $50 million, while an amount of Net Revenue less than 98% of target would result in no payout. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the fair value of the contingent consideration was reduced to zero based upon updates to the probability-weighted assessment of various projected revenue scenarios. The Net Revenue target was not met, and accordingly, we recognized a $43.4 million fair value adjustment during the year ended December 31, 2015, which was included in marketing, general and administrative expense.

The following table summarizes the change in fair value of the contingent consideration liability (in thousands):

Contingent Consideration Liability
Balance as of December 31, 2014$43,400
Fair value adjustment (Level 3)(43,400)
Balance as of December 31, 2015$—
5.Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2016 was as follows (in thousands):

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Change Related to Cash Flow HedgesChange Related to Shipboard Retirement Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at beginning of year$(412,650)$(405,298)$(7,352)
Current period other comprehensive income before reclassifications1,7761,71165
Amounts reclassified96,40195,969(1)432(2)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of year$(314,473)$(307,618)(3)$(6,855)
(1)We refer you to Note 9—“Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives” for the affected line items in the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)Amortization of prior-service cost and actuarial loss reclassified to payroll and related expense.
(3)Of the existing amounts related to derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, approximately $31.9 million of loss is expected to be reclassified into earnings in the next 12 months.

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2015 was as follows (in thousands):

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Change Related to Cash Flow HedgesChange Related to Shipboard Retirement Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at beginning of year$(242,642)$(234,188)$(8,454)
Current period other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications(262,227)(262,852)625
Amounts reclassified92,21991,742(1)477(2)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of year$(412,650)$(405,298)$(7,352)
(1)We refer you to Note 9—“Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives” for the affected line items in the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)Amortization of prior-service cost and actuarial loss reclassified to payroll and related expense.

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) for the year ended December 31, 2014 was as follows (in thousands):

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)Change Related to Cash Flow HedgesChange Related to Shipboard Retirement Plan
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at beginning of year$(16,690)$(10,532)$(6,158)
Current period other comprehensive loss before reclassifications(239,597)(236,925)(2,672)
Amounts reclassified13,64513,269(1)376(2)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) at end of year$(242,642)$(234,188)$(8,454)
(1)We refer you to Note 9—“Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives” for the affected line items in the consolidated statements of operations.
(2)Amortization of prior-service cost and actuarial loss reclassified to payroll and related expense.
6.Property and Equipment, Net

Property and equipment, net consisted of the following (in thousands):

December 31,
20162015
Ships$10,781,703$10,266,874
Ships improvements807,233506,880
Ships under construction450,372300,575
Land and land improvements37,53519,138
Other483,744408,523
12,560,58711,501,990
Less: accumulated depreciation(2,442,898)(2,043,185)
Property and equipment, net$10,117,689$9,458,805

The increase in ships was primarily due to the additions of Seven Seas Explorer and Sirena. Depreciation and amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $432.5 million, $432.1 million and $273.1 million, respectively. Repairs and maintenance expenses including Dry-dock expenses were $155.4 million, $124.8 million and $69.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively and were recorded within other cruise operating expense.

Ships under construction include progress payments to the shipyard, planning and design fees, loan interest and commitment fees and other associated costs. The interest costs capitalized were primarily associated with the construction or revitalization of ships which amounted to $33.7 million, $31.9 million and $22.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

7.Long-Term Debt

Long-term debt consisted of the following:

Interest Rate December 31,MaturitiesBalance December 31,
20162015Through20162015
(in thousands)
$700.0 million 4.750% senior unsecured notes4.75%—2021$691,767$—
$600.0 million 4.625% senior unsecured notes4.625%4.625%2020592,031590,037
€662.9 million Norwegian Epic term loan (1)3.00%2.43%2022395,830460,870
$625.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility—2.78%2018—75,000
$750.0 million senior secured revolving credit facility2.70%—2021129,000—
$350.0 million senior secured term loan facility—4.00%2021—338,353
$1,506.6 million term loan facility2.77%2.85%20211,459,0331,185,720
€308.1 million Pride of Hawai’i loan (1)1.83%1.27%201854,60189,867
$334.1 million Norwegian Jewel term loan1.83%1.28%201726,91953,534
€258.0 million Pride of America Hermes loan (1)1.90%1.64%201712,65437,778
€529.8 million Breakaway one loan (1)2.49%1.92%2025469,100522,859
€529.8 million Breakaway two loan (1)4.50%4.50%2026537,478592,531
€590.5 million Breakaway three loan (1)2.98%2.98%2027653,474711,187
€729.9 million Breakaway four loan (1)2.98%2.98%2029150,834108,964
€126 million Norwegian Jewel term loan (1)1.82%1.27%20177,26028,649
€126 million Norwegian Jade term loan (1)1.82%1.27%20177,53129,149
€666 million Seahawk 1 term loan (1)3.92%3.92%2030137,51440,845
€666 million Seahawk 2 term loan (1)3.92%3.92%203142,08340,845
$680 million 5.25% senior unsecured notes—5.25%2019—670,059
Sirena loan2.75%2.75%201940,46553,229
Explorer newbuild loan3.43%—2028320,821—
Marina newbuild loan (2)1.54%1.01%2023290,416335,135
Riviera newbuild loan (3)1.81%1.08%2024337,174382,173
Capital lease and license obligationsVariousVarious202842,70250,753
Total debt6,398,6876,397,537
Less: current portion of long-term debt(560,193)(629,840)
Total long-term debt$5,838,494$5,767,697
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(1)Currently U.S. dollar-denominated.
(2)Includes premium of $0.2 million and $0.3 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.
(3)Includes premium of $0.3 million and $0.4 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In June 2016, NCLC and Voyager Vessel Company, LLC, subsidiaries of NCLH, entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Amended Senior Secured Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of banks which restates the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2014 (the “Existing Senior Secured Credit Facility”). The Amended Senior Secured Credit Facility amends the Existing Senior Secured Credit Facility to, among other things, (i) (a) increase the aggregate amount of commitments under the Revolving Loan Facility from $625.0 million to $750.0 million (the “New Revolving Loan Facility”) and (b) increase the aggregate principal amount outstanding under the $1.38 billion term loan facility from $1.16 billion to $1.51 billion (the “New Term Loan A Facility”) and (ii) extend the maturity of the New Term Loan A Facility and the New Revolving Loan Facility to June 2021 (the “Extended Maturity Date”). The agreement incorporates a springing maturity date for the New Term Loan A Facility and the New Revolving Loan Facility such that both mature on the earlier date that is 91 days prior to the final maturity date of NCLC’s $600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.625% senior unsecured notes due 2020 (the “4.625% Notes”) if on such date (x) the 4.625% Notes have not been repaid (or refinanced with indebtedness maturing after the Extended Maturity Date) by such date and (y) free liquidity does not exceed the aggregate principal amount of outstanding 4.625% Notes by at least $50.0 million. NCLC used proceeds of approximately $1.59 billion from the New Term Loan A Facility and the New Revolving Loan Facility to prepay the entire outstanding principal amount of the Revolving Loan Facility, the $1.38 billion term loan facility and the $350.0 million term loan facility.

The New Term Loan A Facility and New Revolving Loan Facility bear interest at a rate per annum of (a) an adjusted LIBOR rate or (b) a base rate determined by reference to the greatest of (i) the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, (ii) the prime rate in effect on such day and (iii) the adjusted LIBOR rate plus 1%, in each case plus an applicable margin that is determined by reference to a total leverage ratio, with an applicable margin of between 2.25% and 1.50% with respect to Eurocurrency loans and between 1.25% and 0.50% with respect to base rate loans. The initial applicable margin for borrowings is 2.25% with respect to Eurocurrency borrowings and 1.25% with respect to base rate borrowings. The New Term Loan A Facility is paid in quarterly installments which commenced in September 2016, in a principal amount equal to (a) in the case of installments payable on or prior to June 6, 2018, 1.25% of the loans outstanding immediately after the closing date under the New Term Loan A Facility and (b) in the case of installments payable after June 6, 2018, 2.50% of the loans outstanding immediately after the closing date under the New Term Loan A Facility, with the remaining unpaid principal amount of loans under the New Term Loan A Facility due and payable in full at maturity on June 6, 2021. Principal amounts outstanding under the New Revolving Loan Facility are due and payable in full at maturity on June 6, 2021, subject to earlier repayment pursuant to the springing maturity date described above.

In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the borrowings, we are obligated to pay a quarterly commitment fee at a rate determined by reference to a total leverage ratio, with a maximum commitment fee of 40% of the applicable margin for Eurocurrency loans.

In July 2016, Breakaway Four, Ltd., as borrower, and NCLC, as guarantor, entered into a Supplemental Agreement, which amended the Breakaway four loan to, among other things, increase the aggregate principal amount of commitments under the multi-draw term loan credit facility from €590.5 million to €729.9 million.

In June 2016, we took delivery of Seven Seas Explorer. To finance the payment due upon delivery, we had export credit financing in place for 80% of the contract price. The associated $373.6 million term loan bears interest at 3.43% with a maturity date of June 30, 2028. Principal and interest payments shall be paid semiannually.

In December 2016, NCLC issued $700.0 million aggregate principal amount of 4.750% senior unsecured notes due December 2021 (the “Notes”) in a private offering (the “Offering”) at par. NCLC used the net proceeds from the Offering, after deducting

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the initial purchasers’ discount and estimated fees and expenses, together with cash on hand, to purchase its outstanding 5.25% senior notes due 2019 having an aggregate outstanding principal amount of $680 million. The redemption of the 5.25% senior notes due 2019 was completed in January 2017.

NCLC will pay interest on the Notes at 4.750% per annum, semiannually on June 15 and December 15 of each year, commencing on June 15, 2017, to holders of record at the close of business on the immediately preceding June 1 and December 1, respectively. NCLC may redeem the Notes, in whole or part, at any time prior to December 15, 2018, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the Notes redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the redemption date and a “make-whole premium.” NCLC may redeem the Notes, in whole or in part, on or after December 15, 2018, at the redemption prices set forth in the indenture governing the Notes. At any time (which may be more than once) on or prior to December 15, 2018, NCLC may choose to redeem up to 40% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes at a redemption price equal to 104.750% of the face amount thereof with an amount equal to the net proceeds of one or more equity offerings, so long as at least 60% of the aggregate principal amount of the Notes issued remains outstanding following such redemption. The indenture governing the Notes contains covenants that limit NCLC’s ability (and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability) to, among other things: (i) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred shares; (ii) pay dividends and make certain other restricted payments; (iii) create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other distributions to NCLC from its restricted subsidiaries; (iv) create liens on certain assets to secure debt; (v) make certain investments; (vi) engage in transactions with affiliates; (vii) engage in sales of assets and subsidiary stock; and (viii) transfer all or substantially all of its assets or enter into merger or consolidation transactions. The indenture governing the Notes also provides for events of default, which, if any of them occurs, would permit or require the principal, premium (if any), interest and other monetary obligations on all of the then-outstanding Notes to become due and payable immediately.

Interest expense, net for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $276.9 million which included $34.7 million of amortization of deferred financing fees and a $27.7 million loss on extinguishment of debt. Interest expense, net for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $221.9 million which included $36.7 million of amortization of deferred financing fees and a $12.7 million loss on extinguishment of debt. Interest expense, net for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $151.8 million which included $32.3 million of amortization of deferred financing fees and $15.4 million of expenses related to financing transactions in connection with the Acquisition of Prestige.

Certain of our debt agreements contain covenants that, among other things, require us to maintain a minimum level of liquidity, as well as limit our net funded debt-to-capital ratio, maintain certain other ratios and restrict our ability to pay dividends. Substantially all of our ships and other property and equipment are pledged as collateral for certain of our debt. We believe we were in compliance with these covenants as of December 31, 2016.

The following are scheduled principal repayments on long-term debt including capital lease obligations as of December 31, 2016 for each of the next five years (in thousands):

YearAmount
2017$560,193
2018554,846
2019561,687
20201,153,733
20212,193,823
Thereafter1,490,322
Total$6,514,604

We had an accrued interest liability of $32.5 million and $34.2 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

8.Related Party Disclosures

Transactions with Genting HK, the Apollo Holders and the TPG Viking Funds

As of December 31, 2016, the ownership percentages of NCLH’s ordinary shares were as follows:

ShareholderNumber of SharesPercentage Ownership
Apollo Holders (1)36,103,78215.9%
Genting HK (2)25,398,30711.2%
TPG Viking Funds (3)5,329,8342.3%
(1)The Apollo Holders include NCL Athene LLC, AIF VI NCL (AIV), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV II), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV III), L.P., AIF VI NCL (AIV IV), L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware) VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Delaware 892) VI,
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L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners VI, L.P., Apollo Overseas Partners (Germany) VI, L.P., AAA Guarantor—Co-Invest VII, L.P., AIF VI Euro Holdings, L.P., AIF VII Euro Holdings, L.P., Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., Apollo Management VI, L.P. and Apollo Management VII, L.P.
(2)Genting HK owns our ordinary share indirectly through Star NCLC Holdings Ltd., a Bermuda wholly-owned subsidiary.
(3)The TPG Viking Funds include TPG Viking, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, TPG Viking AIV I, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, TPG Viking AIV II, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership and TPG Viking AIV III, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership.

In December 2015, we repurchased 348,553 ordinary shares under NCLH’s repurchase program as a part of a Secondary Equity Offering by the Apollo Holders and Genting HK for approximately $20.0 million.

In September 2014, NCLH entered into the Merger Agreement with funds affiliated with Apollo and other owners for total consideration of $3.025 billion (including assumption of debt) in cash and stock. On November 19, 2014, we completed the Acquisition of Prestige.

In June 2012, we exercised our option with Genting HK to purchase Norwegian Sky. The purchase price was $259.3 million, which consisted of a $50.0 million cash payment and a $209.3 million payable to Genting HK, $79.7 million of such amount was paid to Genting HK within fourteen days of the consummation of the IPO, together with accrued interest thereon, and the remaining balance was repaid over seven equal semi-annual payments the first of which was due and paid in June 2013 and had a weighted-average interest rate of 1.52% through maturity. The fair value of the payable was $205.5 million based on discounting the future payments at an imputed interest rate of 2.26% per annum, which was commensurate with the Company’s borrowing rate for similar assets. The payable was collateralized by a mortgage and an interest in all earnings, proceeds of insurance and certain other interests related to the ship and is included in the balance sheet caption “Due to Affiliate” on our consolidated balance sheets. We have paid the total amount of $259.3 million to Genting HK in connection with the Norwegian Sky Purchase Agreement through December 31, 2016 and no further payments are due.

9.Fair Value Measurements and Derivatives

Fair value is defined as the price at which an orderly transaction to sell an asset or to transfer a liability would take place between market participants at the measurement date under current market conditions (that is, an exit price at the measurement date from the perspective of a market participant that holds the asset or owes the liability).

Fair Value Hierarchy

The following hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value should maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that the most observable inputs be used when available:

Level 1Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that are accessible at the measurement dates.
Level 2Significant other observable inputs that are used by market participants in pricing the asset or liability based on market data obtained from independent sources.
Level 3Significant unobservable inputs we believe market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available.

Derivatives

We are exposed to market risk attributable to changes in interest rates, foreign currency exchange rates and fuel prices. We attempt to minimize these risks through a combination of our normal operating and financing activities and through the use of derivatives. We assess whether derivatives used in hedging transactions are “highly effective” in offsetting changes in the cash flow of our hedged forecasted transactions. We use regression analysis for this hedge relationship and high effectiveness is achieved when a statistically valid relationship reflects a high degree of offset and correlation between the fair values of the derivative and the hedged forecasted transaction. Cash flows from the derivatives are classified in the same category as the cash flows from the underlying hedged transaction. The determination of ineffectiveness is based on the amount of dollar offset between the cumulative change in fair value of the derivative and the cumulative change in fair value of the hedged transaction at the end of the reporting period. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, or if the hedged forecasted transaction is no longer probable of occurring, then the amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is released to earnings. In addition, the ineffective portion of our highly effective hedges is recognized in earnings immediately and reported in other income (expense), net in our consolidated statements of operations. There are no amounts

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excluded from the assessment of hedge effectiveness and there are no credit-risk-related contingent features in our derivative agreements.

We monitor concentrations of credit risk associated with financial and other institutions with which we conduct significant business. Credit risk, including but not limited to counterparty non-performance under derivatives and our New Revolving Loan Facility, is not considered significant, as we primarily conduct business with large, well-established financial institutions that we have established relationships with and that have credit risks acceptable to us or the credit risk is spread out among a large number of creditors. We do not anticipate non-performance by any of our significant counterparties. The following table sets forth our derivatives measured at fair value and discloses the balance sheet location (in thousands):

The following table sets forth our derivatives measured at fair value and discloses the balance sheet location (in thousands):

AssetLiability
Balance Sheet locationDecember 31, 2016December 31, 2015December 31, 2016December 31, 2015
Fuel swaps designated as hedging instruments
Prepaid expenses and other assets$20,288$—$—$—
Accrued expenses and other liabilities——44,271128,740
Other long-term liabilities13,237—38,608132,494
Foreign currency forward contracts designated as hedging instruments
Other long-term assets143,446—1,370
Accrued expenses and other liabilities——61,7888,737
Other long-term liabilities—55188,92024,181
Foreign currency collar not designated as a hedging instrument
Accrued expenses and other liabilities———42,993
Interest rate swaps designated as hedging instruments
Accrued expenses and other liabilities——3,3314,079
Other long-term liabilities——1,1513,395

The fair values of swap and forward contracts are determined based on inputs that are readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. The Company determines the value of options and collars utilizing an option pricing model based on inputs that are either readily available in public markets or can be derived from information available in publicly quoted markets. The option pricing model used by the Company is an industry standard model for valuing options and is used by the broker/dealer community. The inputs to this option pricing model are the option strike price, underlying price, risk-free rate of interest, time to expiration, and volatility. The fair value of option contracts considers both the intrinsic value and any remaining time value associated with those derivatives that have not yet settled. The Company also considers counterparty credit risk and its own credit risk in its determination of all estimated fair values. Our derivatives and financial instruments were categorized as Level 2 in the fair value hierarchy, and we had no derivatives or financial instruments categorized as Level 1 or Level 3.

Our derivative contracts include rights of offset with our counterparties. We have elected to net certain assets and liabilities within counterparties when the rights of offset exist. We are not required to post cash collateral related to our derivative instruments.

The following table discloses the gross and net amounts recognized within assets and liabilities (in thousands):

December 31, 2016Gross AmountsGross Amounts OffsetTotal Net AmountsGross Amounts Not OffsetNet Amounts
Assets$20,302$—$20,302$(14)$20,288
Liabilities238,069(13,237)224,832(155,190)69,642
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December 31, 2015Gross AmountsGross Amounts OffsetTotal Net AmountsGross Amounts Not OffsetNet Amounts
Assets$3,446$(1,370)$2,076$(2,043)$33
Liabilities344,619(551)344,068(336,645)7,423

Fuel Swaps

As of December 31, 2016, we had fuel swaps maturing through December 31, 2020 which are used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility in fuel prices pertaining to approximately 1.5 million metric tons of our projected fuel purchases.

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the fuel swaps which were designated as cash flow hedges were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) – effective portion$127,470$(173,513)$(198,595)
Loss recognized in other income (expense), net – ineffective portion(12,850)(16,011)(5,753)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into fuel expense85,44875,8088,388

We had fuel swaps that matured which were not designated as cash flow hedges. These fuel swaps were previously designated as cash flow hedges and were dedesignated due to a change in our expected future fuel purchases mix.

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the fuel swaps which were dedesignated and recognized into earnings were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into other income (expense), net$2,994$10,000$—
Loss recognized in other income (expense), net(271)(4,727)—

Fuel Collars and Options

We had fuel collars that matured and were used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility in fuel prices of our fuel purchases.

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the fuel collars which were designated as cash flow hedges were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) – effective portion$—$—$(1,024)
Loss recognized in other income (expense), net – ineffective portion——(292)
Amount reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into fuel expense—2481,888

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the fuel options which were not designated as hedging instruments were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Loss recognized in other income (expense), net$—$—$(864)

Foreign Currency Options

We had foreign currency options that matured which consisted of call options with deferred premiums. These options were used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility in foreign currency exchange rates related to our ship construction contracts denominated in euros. If the spot rate at the date the ships were delivered was less than the strike price under these option contracts, we would have paid the deferred premium and would not exercise the foreign currency options.

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the foreign currency options which were designated as cash flow hedges were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) – effective portion$—$—$(1,157)
Loss recognized in other income (expense), net – ineffective portion——(241)
Amount reclassified from accumulated comprehensive income (loss) into depreciation and amortization expense1,3201,3201,269
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Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

As of December 31, 2016, we had foreign currency forward contracts which are used to mitigate the financial impact of volatility in foreign currency exchange rates related to our ship construction contracts denominated in euros. The notional amount of our foreign currency forward contracts was €2.6 billion, or $2.7 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of December 31, 2016.

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the foreign currency forward contracts which were designated as cash flow hedges were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) – effective portion$(124,058)$(84,187)$(30,686)
Loss recognized in other income (expense), net – ineffective portion(270)(343)(7)
Amount reclassified from accumulated comprehensive income (loss) into depreciation and amortization expense2,625116(243)

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the foreign currency forward contracts which were not designated as hedging instruments were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Gain (loss) recognized in other income (expense), net$(6,133)$684$—

Foreign Currency Collar

We had foreign currency collars that matured and were used to mitigate the volatility of foreign currency exchange rates related to our ship construction contracts denominated in euros.

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the foreign currency collar which was designated as a cash flow hedge was as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) – effective portion$—$—$(1,588)
Amount reclassified from accumulated comprehensive income (loss) into depreciation and amortization expense(364)(364)(333)

The effect on the consolidated financial statements of the foreign currency collar which was not designated as a cash flow hedge was as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Gain (loss) recognized in other income (expense), net$10,312$(26,249)$(6,980)

Interest Rate Swaps

As of December 31, 2016, we had interest rate swap agreements to hedge our exposure to interest rate movements and to manage our interest expense. The notional amount of outstanding debt associated with the interest rate swap agreements was $308.5 million as of December 31, 2016.

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the interest rate swaps which were designated as cash flow hedges were as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) – effective portion$(1,701)$(5,152)$(5,386)
Gain (loss) recognized in other income (expense), net – ineffective portion3(23)—
Amount reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) into interest expense, net3,9464,6142,385

The effects on the consolidated financial statements of the interest rates swap contract which was not designated as a hedging instrument was as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Loss recognized in other income (expense), net$—$(2)$(3)
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Other

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated balance sheets of all other financial assets and liabilities approximate fair value.

Long-Term Debt

As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the fair value of our long-term debt, including the current portion, was $6,525.7 million and $6,495.5 million, respectively, which was $11.6 million higher and $6.6 million lower, respectively, than the carrying values. The difference between the fair value and carrying value of our long-term debt is due to our fixed and variable rate debt obligations carrying interest rates that are above or below market rates at the measurement dates. The fair value of our long-term debt was calculated based on estimated rates for the same or similar instruments with similar terms and remaining maturities resulting in Level 2 inputs in the fair value hierarchy. Market risk associated with our long-term variable rate debt is the potential increase in interest expense from an increase in interest rates. The calculation of the fair value of our long-term debt is considered a Level 2 input.

Non-recurring Measurements of Non-financial Assets

Goodwill and other indefinite-lived assets, principally tradenames, are reviewed for impairment on an annual basis or earlier if there is an event or change in circumstances that would indicate that the carrying value of these assets could not be fully recovered.

We believe our estimates and judgments with respect to our long-lived assets, principally ships, and goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets are reasonable. Nonetheless, if there was a material change in assumptions used in the determination of such fair values or if there is a material change in the conditions or circumstances that influence such assets, we could be required to record an impairment charge. We estimate fair value based on the best information available making whatever estimates, judgments and projections considered necessary. For our Step I Test, the estimation of fair value measured by discounting expected future cash flows at discount rates commensurate with the risk involved are considered Level 3 inputs. As of December 31, 2016, our annual review supports the carrying value of these assets.

10.Employee Benefits and Share-Based Compensation

Management NCL Corporation Units

In 2009, we adopted a profits sharing agreement which authorized us to grant profits interests in the Company to certain key employees. These interests generally vested with the holders based on a combination of performance-based and time-based vesting metrics, each as specified in the profits sharing agreement and each holder’s award agreement. Genting HK, the Apollo Holders and the TPG Viking Funds were entitled to initially receive any distributions made by the Company, pro-rata based on their shareholdings in the Company. Once Genting HK, the Apollo Holders and the TPG Viking Funds received distributions in excess of certain hurdle amounts specified in the profits sharing agreement and each holder’s award agreement, each vested profits interest award generally entitled the holder of such award to a portion of such excess distribution amount. In connection with the Corporate Reorganization, NCLC’s outstanding profits interests granted under its profits sharing agreement to management (or former management) of NCLC were exchanged for an economically equivalent number of NCL Corporation Units. We refer to the NCL Corporation Units exchanged for profits interests granted under the profits sharing agreement as “Management NCL Corporation Units.” The Management NCL Corporation Units received upon the exchange of outstanding profits interests were subject to the same time-based vesting requirements and performance-based vesting requirements applicable to the profits interests for which they were exchanged.

We accounted for the exchange of the outstanding profits interests for the economically equivalent number of Management NCL Corporation Units and share-based option awards as an award modification. An award modification requires that the fair value of the awards immediately before the modification and immediately after the modification be determined. We engaged a third-party valuation firm to assist in the completion of a valuation which was derived using a binomial lattice model. It was determined that the post-modification award value derived greater value versus the pre-modification award value, resulting in the recognition of incremental compensation expense. At the date of award modification, approximately $5.5 million of incremental cost associated with vested awards was charged to share-based compensation, with the remaining unvested portion to be charged over the remaining vesting period.

The Management NCL Corporation Units, generally consisted of fifty percent of “Time-Based Units” (“TBUs”) and fifty percent of “Performance-Based Units” (“PBUs”). The TBUs generally vested over five years and upon a distribution event, the vesting amount of the PBUs was based on the amount of proceeds that are realized above certain hurdles.

In the fourth quarter of 2014, all Management NCL Corporation Units were exchanged for NCLH ordinary shares and restricted shares under a management exchange agreement (the “Management Exchange Agreement”). NCLH became the sole member and 100% owner of the economic interests in NCLC and the non-controlling interest no longer exists as of December 31, 2014. Accordingly, NCLC is now treated as a disregarded entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. No new NCLC profits interests or Management NCL Corporation Units will be issued; however, NCLH has granted, and expects to continue to grant, equity to its employees and members of its Board of Directors under its long-term incentive plan. The exchange for NCLH ordinary

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shares and restricted shares, per the Management Exchange Agreement, resulted in no incremental expense after applying the modification accounting treatment as substantially all key terms and conditions remained consistent.

As a result of a Secondary Equity Offering during August 2015, the last hurdle amount specified in the profits sharing agreement was reached and as such all outstanding PBUs vested.

The termination of employment may result in forfeiture of any non-vested TBUs. TBUs that were vested can be either continued by the Company or cancelled and paid to the employee. Cancellation could take place any time after termination but not before two years after the grant date.

Amended and Restated 2013 Performance Incentive Plan (“Restated 2013 Plan”)

In January 2013, the Company adopted the 2013 Performance Incentive Plan which provided for the issuance of up to 15,035,106 of NCLH’s ordinary shares pursuant to awards granted under the plan, with no more than 5,000,000 shares being granted to one individual in any calendar year. In May 2016, the plan was amended and restated pursuant to approval from the Board of Directors and Company’s shareholders. Among other things, under the Restated 2013 Plan, the number of the Company’s ordinary shares that may be delivered pursuant to all awards granted under the plan was increased by an additional 12,430,000 shares to a new maximum aggregate limit of 27,465,106 shares. Additionally, the expiration date of the Restated 2013 Plan was extended to March 30, 2026. Share options under the plan are granted with an exercise price equal to the closing market price of NCLH shares at the date of grant. The vesting period for time-based options is typically set at 3, 4 or 5 years with a contractual life ranging from 7 to 10 years. The vesting period for time-based restricted share units is generally 3 years. In connection with an amendment to our President and Chief Executive Officer’s employment agreement in August 2015, the Company awarded time-based, performance-based and market-based options and restricted stock unit awards to our President and Chief Executive Officer which vest upon the satisfaction of the specified performance period or the achievement of certain performance and market-related metrics during the term of the award agreements. Forfeited awards will be available for subsequent awards under the Restated 2013 Plan.

Share Option Awards

In March 2016, we granted 1.0 million share option awards to our employees at an exercise price of $50.31 with a contractual term of ten years. The share options vest equally over three years.

The fair value of each time-based option award is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of the share options, less estimated forfeitures, is amortized over the vesting period using the straight-line vesting method. The assumptions used within the option-pricing model for the time-based awards are as follows:

201620152014
Dividend yield—%—%—%
Expected share price volatility30.36%-33.01%32.32%-45.33%48.30%-49.90%
Risk-free interest rate1.20%-1.48%1.34%-1.92%1.80%-2.02%
Expected term6.00 years6.00-6.50 years6.25 years

Expected volatility was determined based on the historical share prices in our industry. The risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected option term at grant date. The expected term was calculated under the simplified method. Our forfeiture assumption is derived from historical turnover rates and those estimates are revised as appropriate to reflect the actual forfeiture results.

The performance-based awards awarded to our President and Chief Executive Officer are subject to performance conditions such that the number of awards that ultimately vest depends on the adjusted earnings per share (“Adjusted EPS”) and adjusted return on invested capital (“Adjusted ROIC”) achieved by the Company during the performance period compared to targets established at the award date. Because the terms of the performance-based awards provide discretion to make certain adjustments to the performance calculation, the service inception date of these awards precedes the grant date. Accordingly, the Company recognizes compensation expense beginning on the service inception date and remeasures the fair value of the awards until a grant date is established. The estimate of the awards’ fair value will be fixed in the period in which the grant date occurs, and cumulative compensation expense will be adjusted based on the fair value calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model at the grant date. The fair value for the option awards for which a grant date has not been established is estimated on the last date of the reporting period using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The estimated fair value of the share options is amortized over the requisite service period using the straight-line vesting method. The assumptions used within the option-pricing model for the performance-based awards for which share-based compensation expense was recognized during 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

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20162015
Dividend yield—%—%
Expected share price volatility25.97%-30.21%29.31%-29.86%
Risk-free interest rate1.01%-1.93%1.76%
Expected term4.38-5.13 years4.88-5.38 years

Expected volatility was determined based on the historical share prices in our industry. The risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the expected option term at grant date. The expected term was calculated under the simplified method.

The fair value of the market-based share option awards awarded to our President and Chief Executive Officer is estimated using a Monte-Carlo model which values financial instruments whose value is dependent on share price by sampling random paths for share price. The key inputs for the simulation include current share price, risk free rate, and share price volatility. For each simulated path, the model checks if the simulated share price reaches the vesting threshold during the performance period. For each path that reaches the vesting threshold, the payoff upon vesting is calculated. The fair value of the equity grant is determined by averaging the expected payoff across all simulated paths and discounting the average to the valuation date.

The below table summarizes the key inputs used in the Monte-Carlo simulation:

2015
Dividend yield—%
Expected share price volatility30.00%
Risk-free interest rate1.34%
Expected termMid-point from vesting to assumed options expiration

Expected volatility was determined based on the historical share prices in our industry. The risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the remaining term of the measurement period.

The following is a summary of share option activity under our Restated 2013 Plan for the year ended December 31, 2016 (excludes the impact of 364,584 performance-based awards as no grant date has been established):

Number of Share Option AwardsWeighted-Average Exercise PriceWeighted- Average Contractual TermAggregate Intrinsic Value
Time- Based AwardsPerformance- Based AwardsMarket- Based AwardsTime- Based AwardsPerformance- Based AwardsMarket- Based Awards(years)(in thousands)
Outstanding as of January 1, 20167,702,071432,752208,333$47.35$19.00$59.438.59$104,864
Granted1,095,00052,083—49.8859.43———
Exercised(235,555)(51,857)—28.1919.00———
Forfeited and cancelled(786,458)——49.82————
Outstanding as of December 31, 20167,775,058432,978208,333$48.04$23.86$59.437.81$35,429
Vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 20167,558,521432,978208,333$48.01$23.86$59.437.60$34,926
Exercisable as of December 31, 20162,539,348432,978—$43.30$23.86$—6.67$24,272

The weighted-average grant-date fair value of time-based options granted during the years 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $17.11, $20.90 and $16.86, respectively. The weighted-average reporting period date/established grant-date fair value of performance-based options for which share-based compensation was recognized during 2016 and 2015 was $8.67 and $17.07, respectively. The weighted-average grant-date fair value of market-based options granted during the year 2015 was $12.37. The total intrinsic value of share options exercised during the years 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $5.2 million, $68.0 million and $4.5 million and total cash received by the Company from exercises was $7.6 million, $69.1 million and $6.1 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, there was approximately $70.2 million, $0, and $0.7 million of total unrecognized compensation cost net of estimate forfeitures, related to time-based, performance-based with an established grant date, and market-based options, respectively, granted under our share-based incentive plans which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.75 years, 0 years, and 0.54 years, respectively.

Restricted Ordinary Share Awards

The following is a summary of restricted share activity of NCLH shares for the year ended December 31, 2016:

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Number of Time-Based AwardsWeighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested as of January 1, 201643,653$5.87
Vested(26,429)4.79
Forfeited or expired(352)2.50
Non-vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 201616,872$7.63

As of December 31, 2016, there was $0.1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted ordinary share awards. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 0.44 years. Restricted shares, with the exception of those related to the Management Exchange Agreement, which maintain their original vesting conditions of time and performance, vest in substantially equal quarterly installments over 1 or 2 years or in annual installments over 4 years. The total fair value of shares vested during 2016, 2015, and 2014 was $1.1 million, $40.9 million, and $0.7 million, respectively.

Restricted Share Units (“RSUs”)

In March 2016, we granted 1.2 million restricted share unit awards to our employees which vest equally over three years.

The fair value of the time-based and performance-based RSUs is equal to the closing market price of NCLH shares at the date of grant. The performance-based RSUs awarded to our President and Chief Executive Officer are subject to performance conditions such that the number of awards that ultimately vest depends on the Adjusted EPS and Adjusted ROIC achieved by the Company during the performance period compared to targets established at the award date. Because the terms of the performance-based awards provide discretion to make certain adjustments to the performance calculation, the service inception date of these awards precedes the grant date. Accordingly, the Company recognizes share-based compensation expense beginning on the service inception date and remeasures the fair value of the awards until a grant date occurs. The estimate of the awards’ fair value will be fixed in the period in which the grant date occurs, and cumulative share-based compensation expense will be adjusted based on the fair value at the grant date.

The fair value of the market-based RSUs awarded to our President and Chief Executive Officer is estimated using a Monte-Carlo model which values financial instruments whose value is dependent on share price by sampling random paths for share price. The key inputs for the simulation include current share price, risk free rate, and share price volatility. For each simulated path, the model checks if the simulated share price reaches the vesting threshold during the performance period. For each path that reaches the vesting threshold, the payoff upon vesting is calculated. The fair value of the equity grant is determined by averaging the expected payoff across all simulated paths and discounting the average to the valuation date.

The below table summarizes the key inputs used in the Monte-Carlo simulation:

2015
Dividend yield0%
Expected share price volatility30.00%
Risk-free interest rate1.34%
Expected termMid-point from vesting to assumed awards expiration

Expected volatility was determined based on the historical share prices in our industry. The risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with a remaining term equal to the remaining term of the measurement period.

The following is a summary of the RSUs activity for the year ended December 31, 2016 (excludes the impact of 87,500 performance-based RSUs as no grant date was established):

Number of Time-Based AwardsWeighted- Average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of Performance- Based AwardsWeighted- Average Grant Date Fair ValueNumber of Market-Based AwardsWeighted- Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested as of January 1, 2016150,000$59.43—$—50,000$59.43
Granted1,328,490$49.6212,500$50.00——
Vested(50,000)$57.15(12,500)$50.00——
Forfeited or expired(123,155)$50.44———
Non-vested as of December 31, 20161,305,335$50.38—$—50,000$59.43
Non-vested and expected to vest as of December 31, 20161,267,692$50.43——50,000$59.43
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As of December 31, 2016, there was $45.1 million, $0 and $0.4 million of total unrecognized compensation cost net of estimated forfeitures related to non-vested time-based, non-vested performance-based awards with an established grant date and market-based RSUs, respectively. The cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.19 years, 0 years and 0.54 years, respectively, for the time-based, performance-based and market-based RSUs. Total taxes paid pursuant to net share settlements in 2016 were $0.9 million.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”)

In April 2014, the Company’s shareholders approved the ESPP. The purpose of the ESPP is to provide eligible employees with an opportunity to purchase NCLH’s ordinary shares at a favorable price and upon favorable terms in consideration of the participating employees’ continued services. A maximum of 2,000,000 of the Company’s ordinary shares may be purchased under the ESPP. To be eligible to participate in an offering period, on the Grant Date of that period, an individual must be customarily employed by the Company or a participating subsidiary for more than twenty hours per week and for more than five months per calendar year. Participation in the ESPP is also subject to certain limitations. The ESPP is considered to be compensatory based on: a) the 15% purchase price discount and b) the look-back purchase price feature. Since the plan is compensatory, compensation expense must be recorded in the consolidated statements of operations on a straight-line basis over the six-month withholding period. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had a $1.3 million and $1.1 million liability, respectively, for payroll withholdings received.

The compensation expense recognized for share-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was as follows:

Share-Based Compensation Expense
Classification of expense201620152014
(In thousands)
Payroll and related (1)$7,793$—$—
Marketing, general and administrative (2)58,62142,20920,627(3)
Total share-based compensation expense$66,414$42,209$20,627
(1)Amounts relate to equity granted to certain of our shipboard officers.
(2)Amounts relate to equity granted to certain of our corporate employees.
(3)Amount above includes $6.0 million of non-recurring charges associated with the Management Exchange Agreement.

Employee Benefit Plans

We maintain annual incentive bonus plans for our executive officers and other key employees. Bonuses under these plans become earned and payable based on the Company’s performance during the applicable performance period and the individual’s continued employment. Company performance criteria include the attainment of certain financial targets and other strategic objectives.

Certain employees are employed pursuant to agreements that provide for severance payments. Severance is generally only payable upon an involuntary termination of the employment by us without cause or a termination by the employee for good reason. Severance generally includes a series of cash payments based on the employee’s base salary (and in some cases, bonus), and our payment of the employee’s continued medical benefits for the applicable severance period.

We maintain a 401(k) Plan for our shoreside employees, including our executive officers. Participants may contribute up to 100% of eligible compensation each pay period, subject to certain limitations. We make matching contributions equal to 100% of the first 3% and 50% of amounts greater than 3% to and including 10% of each participant’s contributions subject to certain limitations. In addition, we may make discretionary supplemental contributions to the Plan, which shall be allocated to each eligible participant on a pro-rata basis based on the compensation of the participant to the total compensation of all participants. Our matching contributions are vested according to a five-year schedule. The 401(k) Plan is subject to the provisions of ERISA and is intended to be qualified under section 401(a) of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”).

Our contributions are reduced by contributions forfeited by those employees who leave the 401(k) Plan prior to vesting fully in the contributions. Forfeited contributions of $0.1 million, $0.4 million and $0.1 million were utilized in the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

We maintained a Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (“SERP”), which is a legacy unfunded defined contribution plan for certain executives who were employed by the Company in an executive capacity prior to 2008. The SERP was frozen to future

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participation following that date. The SERP provided for Company contributions on behalf of the participants to compensate them for the benefits that are limited under the 401(k) Plan. We credited participants under the SERP for amounts that would have been contributed by us to the Company’s previous Defined Contribution Retirement Plan and the former 401(k) Plan without regard to any limitations imposed by the Code. Participants did not make any elective contributions under this plan. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, the aggregate balance of participants’ deferred compensation accounts under the SERP Plan was $0.5 million and $0.5 million, respectively. We have discontinued this plan following the 2015 contributions and will pay the deferred contributions to participants in early 2017 following the expiration of the required twelve month period.

We recorded expenses related to the above 401(k) Plan and SERP of $6.4 million, $5.3 million and $3.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

We maintained a Senior Management Retirement Savings Plan (“SMRSP”), which was a legacy unfunded defined contribution plan for certain employees who were employed by the Company prior to 2001. The SMRSP provided for Company contributions on behalf of the participants to compensate them for the difference between the qualified plan benefits that were previously available under the Company’s cash balance pension plan and the redesigned 401(k) Plan. We credited participants under the SMRSP Plan for the difference in the amount that would have been contributed by us to the Company’s previous Norwegian Cruise Line Pension Plan and the qualified plan maximums of the new 401(k) Plan. We have discontinued this plan following the 2015 contributions and will pay the deferred contributions to participants in early 2017 following the expiration of the required twelve month period.

Effective January 2009, we implemented the Shipboard Retirement Plan which computes benefits based on years of service, subject to eligibility requirements of the Shipboard Retirement Plan. The Shipboard Retirement Plan is unfunded with no plan assets. The current portion of the projected benefit obligation of $1.2 million and $1.1 million was included in accrued expenses and other liabilities as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively and $21.4 million and $20.0 million was included in other long-term liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The amounts related to the Shipboard Retirement Plan were as follows (in thousands):

As of or for the Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Pension expense:
Service cost$1,863$1,793$1,393
Interest cost874738728
Amortization of prior service cost378378378
Amortization of actuarial loss5499—
Total pension expense$3,169$3,008$2,499
Change in projected benefit obligation:
Projected benefit obligation at beginning of year$21,078$19,730$15,570
Service cost1,8631,7931,393
Interest cost874738728
Actuarial gain (loss)(65)(625)2,689
Direct benefit payments(1,145)(558)(650)
Projected benefit obligation at end of year$22,605$21,078$19,730
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets:
Projected benefit obligation$22,605$21,078$19,730
As of or for the Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Amounts recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss):
Prior service cost$(4,915)$(5,293)$(5,671)
Accumulated actuarial loss(3,008)(3,126)(3,849)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)$(7,923)$(8,419)$(9,520)

The discount rates used in the net periodic benefit cost calculation for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 were 4.3%, 3.8% and 4.8%, respectively, and the actuarial loss is amortized over 18.89 years. The discount rate is used to measure and recognize obligations, including adjustments to other comprehensive income (loss), and to determine expense during the periods. It is determined by using bond indices which reflect yields on a broad maturity and industry universe of high-quality corporate bonds.

The pension benefits expected to be paid in each of the next five years and in aggregate for the five years thereafter are as follows (in thousands):

F-28
YearAmount
2017$1,182
20181,077
20191,144
20201,154
20211,231
Next five years8,185
11.Income Taxes

We are incorporated in Bermuda. Under current Bermuda law, we are not subject to tax on income and capital gains. We have received from the Minister of Finance under The Exempted Undertakings Tax Protection Act 1966, as amended, an assurance that, in the event that Bermuda enacts legislation imposing tax computed on profits, income, any capital asset, gain or appreciation, or any tax in the nature of estate duty or inheritance, then the imposition of any such tax shall not be applicable to us or to any of our operations or shares, debentures or other obligations, until March 31, 2035.

The components of net income before income taxes consist of the following (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Bermuda$—$—$—
Foreign - Other640,303433,909340,334
Net income before income taxes640,303433,909340,334

The components of the provision for income taxes consisted of the following (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Current:
Bermuda$—$—$—
United States(8,736)(4,621)9,162
Foreign - Other(2,166)(882)(3,278)
Total current:(10,902)(5,503)5,884
Deferred:
Bermuda———
United States3,684(1,269)(3,617)
Foreign - Other———
Total deferred:3,684(1,269)(3,617)
Income tax benefit (expense)$(7,218)$(6,772)$2,267

Our reconciliation of income tax benefit (expense) computed by applying our Bermuda statutory rate and reported income tax expense was as follows (in thousands):

Year Ended December 31,
201620152014
Tax at Bermuda statutory rate$—$—$—
Foreign income taxes at different rates(10,721)(7,864)(2,813)
Tax contingencies(533)(283)(275)
Return to provision adjustments4181,37014,444
Benefit from change in tax status2451,462
Valuation allowance3,594—(10,551)
Income tax benefit (expense)$(7,218)$(6,772)$2,267

Deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in thousands):

As of December 31,
20162015
Deferred tax assets:
Loss carryforwards$103,191$85,939
Other1,5641,460
Valuation allowance(64,573)(61,437)
Total net deferred assets40,18225,962
Deferred tax liabilities:
Property and equipment(44,398)(33,862)
Total deferred tax liabilities(44,398)(33,862)
Net deferred tax liability$(4,216)$(7,900)
F-29

We have U.S. net operating loss carryforwards of $256.3 million and $197.0 million, for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which begin to expire in 2023. We have state net operating loss carryforwards of $12.4 million and $10.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which expire in the years 2025 through 2035. In 2016, based on the weight of available evidence, we reversed a valuation allowance in the amount of $3.6 million with respect to the U.S. deferred tax assets of one of our U.S. subsidiaries.

Included above are deferred tax assets associated with our operations in Norway for which we have provided a full valuation allowance. We have Norway net operating loss carryforwards of $22.9 million and $35.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which can be carried forward indefinitely.

Included above are deferred tax assets associated with our branch operations in the U.K. for which we have provided a full valuation allowance. We have U.K. net operating loss carryforwards of $9.5 million and $12.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which can be carried forward indefinitely.

On November 19, 2014, we acquired the stock of Prestige. Included above are deferred tax assets associated with Prestige, including net operating loss carryforwards of $151.2 million and $126.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which begin to expire in 2023. In 2014, we recorded a valuation allowance of $36.5 million with respect to the Prestige deferred tax assets based on the weight of available evidence. Section 382 of the Code may limit the amount of taxable income that can be offset by the Prestige NOL carryforwards.

The following is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits (in thousands):

As of December 31,
20162015
Unrecognized tax benefits, beginning of the year$11,174$11,174
Gross increases in tax positions from prior periods250—
Gross decreases in tax positions from prior periods(280)—
Unrecognized tax benefits, end of year$11,144$11,174

If the $11.1 million unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2016 were recognized, our effective tax rate would be affected. We believe it is reasonably possible that the expiration of statute of limitations could result in significant reductions to our unrecognized tax benefits within 12 months of the reporting date. We recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense.

We file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, various U.S. state jurisdictions and foreign jurisdictions. We are generally no longer subject to U.S. federal, state and local, or non-U.S. income tax examinations by authorities for years prior to 2011, except for years in which NOLs generated prior to 2011 are utilized.

Due to our international structure as well as the existence of international tax treaties that exempt taxation on certain activities, the repatriation of earnings from our subsidiaries would have no tax impact.

We derive our income from the international operation of ships. We are engaged in a trade or business in the U.S. and receive income from sources within the U.S. Under Section 883, certain foreign corporations are exempt from U. S. federal income or branch profits tax on U.S.-source income derived from or incidental to the international operation of ships. Applicable U.S. treasury regulations provide that a foreign corporation will qualify for the benefits of Section 883 if, in relevant part: (i) the foreign country in which the corporation is organized grants an equivalent exemption for income from the operation of ships of sufficiently broad scope to corporations organized in the U.S., and (ii) the foreign corporation has one or more classes of stock that are “primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market” in the U.S. or another qualifying country. We believe that we qualify for the benefits of Section 883 because we are incorporated in qualifying countries and our ordinary shares are primarily and regularly traded on an established securities market in the U.S.

12.Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Leases

Total expense under non-cancelable operating lease commitments, primarily for offices, motor vehicles and office equipment was $15.0 million, $12.6 million and $9.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, minimum annual rentals for non-cancelable leases with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year were as follows (in thousands):

F-30
YearAmount
2017$15,759
201815,574
201915,130
202014,565
202114,284
Thereafter76,279
Total minimum annual rentals$151,591

Rental payments applicable to such operating leases are recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.

Ship Construction Contracts

We have Norwegian Joy, Norwegian Bliss and one additional Breakaway Plus Class Ship on order for delivery in the spring of 2017, spring of 2018 and the fall of 2019, respectively. These ships will be amongst the largest in our fleet, each reaching approximately 164,600 Gross Tons. The combined contract price of these three ships is approximately €2.6 billion, or $2.7 billion based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of December 31, 2016. We have export credit financing in place that provides financing for 80% of their contract prices. We have an Explorer Class Ship on order with an original contract price of approximately €422.0 million, or approximately $443.8 million based on the euro/U.S. dollar exchange rate as of December 31, 2016. We have export credit financing in place that provides financing for 80% of the contract price. The Explorer Class Ship is expected to be delivered in the winter of 2020.

In connection with the contracts to build the ships, we do not anticipate any contractual breaches or cancellation to occur. However, if any would occur, it could result in, among other things, the forfeiture of prior deposits or payments made by us and potential claims and impairment losses which may materially impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.

As of December 31, 2016, minimum annual payments for non-cancelable ship construction contracts with initial or remaining terms in excess of one year were as follows (in thousands):

YearAmount
2017$976,005
2018981,534
2019869,745
2020326,711
Total minimum annual payments$3,153,995

Port Facility Commitments

As of December 31, 2016, future commitments to pay for usage of certain port facilities were as follows (in thousands):

YearAmount
2017$54,301
201836,584
201929,895
202030,360
202130,838
Thereafter105,015
Total port facility future commitments$286,993

Other Commitments

The FMC requires evidence of financial responsibility for those offering transportation on passenger ships operating out of U.S. ports to indemnify passengers in the event of non-performance of the transportation. Accordingly, each of our three brands are required to maintain a $30.0 million third-party performance guarantee in respect of liabilities for non-performance of transportation and other obligations to passengers. The guarantee requirements are subject to additional consumer price index-based adjustments. Also, our brands have a legal requirement to maintain a security guarantee based on cruise business originated from the U.K. As of December 31, 2016, approximately British Pound Sterling 10.5 million was in place as a security guarantee. We also are required to establish financial responsibility by other jurisdictions to meet liability in the event of non-performance of our obligations to passengers from those jurisdictions.

From time to time, various other regulatory and legislative changes have been or may in the future be proposed that may have an effect on our operations in the U.S. and the cruise industry in general.

F-31

Litigation

In the normal course of our business, various claims and lawsuits have been filed or are pending against us. Most of these claims and lawsuits are covered by insurance and, accordingly, the maximum amount of our liability is typically limited to our deductible amount.

Nonetheless, the ultimate outcome of these claims and lawsuits that are not covered by insurance cannot be determined at this time. We have evaluated our overall exposure with respect to all of our threatened and pending litigation and, to the extent required, we have accrued amounts for all estimable probable losses associated with our deemed exposure. We are currently unable to estimate any other potential contingent losses beyond those accrued, as discovery is not complete nor is adequate information available to estimate such range of loss or potential recovery. However, based on our current knowledge, we do not believe that the aggregate amount or range of reasonably possible losses with respect to these matters will be material to our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. We intend to vigorously defend our legal position on all claims and, to the extent necessary, seek recovery.

13.Other Income (Expense), Net

Other income (expense), net was $8.3 million in 2016, $46.7 million in 2015 and $10.9 million in 2014. In 2016, the expense was primarily related to $16.1 million of unrealized and realized losses on fuel swap derivative hedge contracts partially offset by $4.5 million of gains on foreign currency exchange and $3.9 million of gains on foreign currency exchange derivative hedge contracts. In 2015, the expense was primarily related to $30.7 million of losses from the dedesignation of certain fuel swap derivative hedge contracts and the ineffectiveness of settled fuel swaps in 2015. Also included in 2015 was an expense of $26.2 million related to the fair value adjustment of a foreign exchange collar which does not receive hedge accounting treatment partially offset by $11.0 million of foreign currency transaction gains. In 2014, the expense was primarily related to $7.2 million of losses on foreign currency exchange derivative hedge contracts and the fair value adjustment of a foreign exchange collar which does not receive hedge accounting treatment, $6.9 million of losses related to fuel swap derivative hedge contracts and $3.0 million of losses related to a deferred revenue adjustment partially offset by $6.0 million of gains on foreign currency exchange.

14.Concentration Risk
We contract with a single vendor to provide many of our hotel and restaurant services including both food and labor costs. We incurred expenses of $137.2 million, $122.4 million and $11.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, which are recorded in payroll and related in our consolidated statements of operations.
15.Supplemental Cash Flow Information

For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, we paid interest and related fees of $303.2 million, $218.3 million and $233.5 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2016, we had non-cash investing activities in connection with property and equipment of $26.7 million and for the year ended December 31, 2015, we had non-cash investing activities in connection with capital leases of $31.1 million. For the year ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 we had non-cash investing activities for capital expenditures of $41.1 million and $13.0 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2014, we had a non-cash investing and financing activity related to a seller financed capital expenditure of $82.0 million. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, we paid income taxes of $8.8 million, $10.3 million and $9.8 million, respectively.

16.Subsequent Events
In February 2017, we announced that we plan to introduce an additional four ships with expected delivery dates through 2025 and we have an option to introduce two additional ships for delivery in 2026 and 2027, subject to certain conditions. These four ships are each 140,000 gross tons with approximately 3,300 Berths. The contract price for each of the four ships is approximately €800.0 million, subject to certain conditions, or $841.4 million based on the exchange rate as of December 31, 2016. We have obtained export credit financing for the four ships to fund approximately 80% of the contract price of each ship expected to be delivered through 2025, subject to certain conditions.
17.Quarterly Selected Financial Data (Unaudited) (in thousands, except per share data)
First QuarterSecond QuarterThird QuarterFourth Quarter
20162015201620152016201520162015
Total revenue$1,077,632$938,182$1,186,835$1,085,433$1,484,736$1,284,910$1,125,137$1,036,523
Operating income131,28260,349227,018217,383413,614306,832153,550117,922
Net income (loss) attributable to Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings Ltd.73,229(21,456)145,246158,494342,378251,78772,23238,312
Earnings (loss) per share:
Basic$0.32$(0.10)$0.64$0.70$1.51$1.11$0.32$0.17
Diluted$0.32$(0.10)$0.64$0.69$1.50$1.09$0.32$0.17

The seasonality of the North American cruise industry generally results in the greatest demand for cruises during the Northern Hemisphere’s summer months. This predictable seasonality in demand has resulted in fluctuations in our revenue and results of operations. The seasonality of our results is increased due to ships being taken out of service for regularly scheduled Dry-docks, which we typically scheduled during non-peak demand periods.

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