Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

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Item 6. Selected Financial Data.

The following table sets forth selected financial data on a historical basis for Nasdaq. The following information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto of Nasdaq included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. We completed several acquisitions during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015 and 2013 and included the financial results of such acquisitions in our consolidated financial statements from the respective acquisition dates.

Selected Financial Data

Year Ended December 31,
20172016201520142013
(in millions, except share and per share amounts)
Statements of Income Data:
Total revenues$3,965$3,705$3,403$3,500$3,211
Transaction-based expenses(1,537)(1,428)(1,313)(1,433)(1,316)
Revenues less transaction-based expenses2,4282,2772,0902,0671,895
Total operating expenses1,4291,4381,3701,3131,207
Operating income999839720754688
Net income attributable to Nasdaq734108428414385
Per share information:
Basic earnings per share$4.41$0.65$2.56$2.45$2.30
Diluted earnings per share$4.33$0.64$2.50$2.39$2.25
Cash dividends declared per common share$1.46$1.21$0.90$0.58$0.52
Weighted-average common shares outstanding for earnings per share:
Basic166,364,299165,182,290167,285,450168,926,733166,932,103
Diluted169,585,031168,800,997171,283,271173,018,849171,266,146
December 31,
20172016201520142013
(in millions)
Balance Sheets Data:
Cash and cash equivalents and financial investments$612$648$502$601$587
Total assets15,78614,15011,86112,07112,563
Total long-term liabilities4,6374,6383,3323,2973,579
Total Nasdaq stockholders' equity5,8875,4305,6095,7946,184

Total assets increased $1.6 billion as of December 31, 2017 compared with December 31, 2016 primarily due to an increase in default funds and margin deposits (with a corresponding increase in current liabilities), reflecting an increase in cash margin deposits pledged by members of our Nasdaq Clearing business due to an increase in clearing volume. Also contributing to the increase is an increase in goodwill and intangible assets associated with our 2017 acquisitions, partially offset by a decrease in deferred tax assets primarily due to the impact of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. See Note 11, “Income Taxes,” to the consolidated financial statements for further discussion. Total assets increased $2.3 billion as of December 31, 2016 compared with December 31, 2015 primarily due to an increase in default funds and margin deposits (with a corresponding increase in current liabilities) as new regulatory rules in 2016 required all collateral pledged by members of our Nasdaq Clearing business to be recorded on the balance sheet. Also contributing to the increase was an increase in goodwill and intangible assets associated with our 2016 acquisitions, partially offset by a pre-tax, non-cash intangible asset impairment charge of $578 million to write off the full value of a trade name.

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