Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

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Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Page
(A)The following documents are filed as part of this report:
1.Index to Financial Statements
Report of ManagementK42
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmK43
Consolidated Statements of Income, Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022K46
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022K47
Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2024 and 2023K48
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022K49
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity, Years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022K50
Notes to Consolidated Financial StatementsK51
2.Financial Statement Schedules:
The following consolidated financial statement schedule should be read in connection with the consolidated financial statements:
Index to Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying AccountsK109
Schedules other than the one listed above are omitted either because they are not required or are inapplicable, or because the information is included in the consolidated financial statements or related notes.
3.Exhibits
Exhibit NumberDescription
2.1Distribution Agreement, dated as of July 26, 2004, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., CSX Rail Holding Corporation, CSX Northeast Holdings Corporation, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, CRR Holdings LLC, Green Acquisition Corp., Conrail Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, New York Central Lines LLC, Pennsylvania Lines LLC, NYC Newco, Inc., and PRR Newco, Inc., is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2004. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
3Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws –
(i)(a)The Restated Articles of Incorporation of Norfolk Southern Corporation are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(i)(b)An amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of Norfolk Southern Corporation is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2010. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(i)(c)An amendment to the Articles of Incorporation of Norfolk Southern Corporation is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on July 29, 2020. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ii)The Bylaws of Norfolk Southern Corporation, as amended July 25, 2023, are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(ii) to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on July 27, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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4Instruments Defining the Rights of Security Holders, Including Indentures:
(a)Indenture, dated as of January 15, 1991, from Norfolk Southern Corporation to First Trust of New York, National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Registration Statement on Form S-3 (SEC File No. 33-38595)
(b)First Supplemental Indenture, dated May 19, 1997, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and First Trust of New York, National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $4.3 billion, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 1.1(d) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 21, 1997. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(c)Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 6, 2001, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $1 billion, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on February 7, 2001. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(d)Indenture, dated August 27, 2004, among PRR Newco, Inc., as Issuer, and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, as Guarantor, and The Bank of New York, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(1) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on October 28, 2004. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(e)First Supplemental Indenture, dated August 27, 2004, among PRR Newco, Inc., as Issuer, and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, as Guarantor, and The Bank of New York, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of approximately $451.8 million, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(m) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on October 28, 2004. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(f)Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of March 11, 2005, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $300 million, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on March 15, 2005. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(g)Tenth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 17, 2005, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $366.6 million, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2005. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(h)Eleventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 17, 2005, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $350 million, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2005. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(i)Twelfth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 26, 2010, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $250 million, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 26, 2010. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(j)Indenture, dated as of June 1, 2009, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on June 1, 2009. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(k)Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 23, 2011, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $400 million, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 23, 2011. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(l)Indenture, dated as of September 14, 2011, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $595,504,000, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 15, 2011. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(m)Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 14, 2011, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $4,492,000, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 15, 2011. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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(n)Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 17, 2011, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of two series of notes, one in the principal amount of $500 million and one in the principal amount of $100 million, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on November 17, 2011. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(o)Indenture, dated as of March 15, 2012, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on March 15, 2012. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(p)Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 7, 2012, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 7, 2012. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(q)Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 13, 2013, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of $500,000,000, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 13, 2013. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(r)Indenture, dated as of June 2, 2015, between Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2015. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(s)First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 2, 2015, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2015. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(t)Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 3, 2015, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on November 3, 2015. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(u)Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of June 3, 2016, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on June 3, 2016. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(v)Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 31, 2017, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Corporation’s Form 8-K filed May 31, 2017. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(w)Indenture, dated as of August 15, 2017, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed August 15, 2017. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(x)Indenture, dated as of February 28, 2018 between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee. The Indenture is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed February 28, 2018. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(y)First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 28, 2018, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee. The Indenture is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 4.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed February 28, 2018. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(z)Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 2, 2018, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee. The Indenture is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed August 2, 2018. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(aa)Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 8, 2019, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on May 8, 2019 (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(bb)Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 4, 2019, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on November 4, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(cc)Description of the Registrant’s Common Stock Registered Under Section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4(hh) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 6, 2020. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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(dd)Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 11, 2020, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on May 11, 2020. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ee)Indenture dated as of May 15, 2020, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on May 15, 2020. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ff)Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 12, 2021, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on May 12, 2021. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(gg)Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 25, 2021, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on August 25, 2021. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(hh)Eighth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 25, 2022, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on February 25, 2022. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ii)Ninth Supplemental Indenture, dated June 13, 2022, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant’s Form 8-K filed on June 15, 2022. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(jj)Tenth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 2, 2023, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 2, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(kk)Eleventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of August 2, 2023, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on August 2, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ll)Twelfth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 22, 2023, between the Registrant and U.S. Bank Trust Company, National Association (as successor to U.S. Bank National Association), as trustee is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on November 22, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
In accordance with Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, copies of other instruments of Norfolk Southern Corporation and its subsidiaries with respect to the rights of holders of long-term debt are not filed herewith, or incorporated by reference, but will be furnished to the Commission upon request.
10Material Contracts -
(a)The Transaction Agreement, dated as of June 10, 1997, by and among CSX and CSX Transportation, Inc., Registrant, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, and CRR Holdings LLC, with certain schedules thereto, previously filed, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(a) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2003. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(b)Amendment No. 1 dated as of August 22, 1998, to the Transaction Agreement, dated as of June 10, 1997, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail, Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, and CRR Holdings LLC, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(c)Amendment No. 2 dated as of June 1, 1999, to the Transaction Agreement, dated June 10, 1997, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail, Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, and CRR Holdings LLC, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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(d)Amendment No. 3 dated as of June 1, 1999, and executed in April 2004, to the Transaction Agreement, dated June 10, 1997, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail, Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, and CRR Holdings LLC, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10(dd) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on July 30, 2004. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(e)Amendment No. 5 to the Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 27, 2004, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail, Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, and CRR Holdings LLC, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2004. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(f)Amendment No. 6 dated as of April 1, 2007, to the Transaction Agreement, dated June 10, 1997, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail, Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, and CRR Holdings LLC, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on July 27, 2007. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(g)Shared Assets Area Operating Agreement for North Jersey, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(h)Shared Assets Area Operating Agreement for Detroit, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.6 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(i)Shared Assets Area Operating Agreement for South Jersey/Philadelphia, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.5 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(j)Amendment No. 1, dated as of June 1, 2000, to the Shared Assets Area Operating Agreements for North Jersey, South Jersey/Philadelphia, and Detroit, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibits thereto, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(h) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(k)Amendment No. 2, dated as of January 1, 2001, to the Shared Assets Area Operating Agreements for North Jersey, South Jersey/Philadelphia, and Detroit, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibits thereto, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(j) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 21, 2002. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(l)Amendment No. 3, dated as of June 1, 2001, and executed in May of 2002, to the Shared Assets Area Operating Agreements for North Jersey, South Jersey/Philadelphia, and Detroit, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibits thereto, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(k) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2003. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(m)Amendment No. 4, dated as of June 1, 2005, and executed in late June 2005, to the Shared Assets Area Operating Agreements for North Jersey, South Jersey/Philadelphia, and Detroit, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibits thereto, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on July 1, 2005. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(n)Monongahela Usage Agreement, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Pennsylvania Lines LLC, and New York Central Lines LLC, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated by reference from -Exhibit 10.7 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(o)The Agreement, entered into as of July 27, 1999, between North Carolina Railroad Company and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10(i) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on March 6, 2000. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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(p)Second Amendment, dated December 28, 2009, to the Master Agreement dated July 27, 1999, by and between North Carolina Railroad Company and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(q) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 17, 2010 (Exhibits, annexes and schedules omitted. The Registrant will furnish supplementary copies of such materials to the SEC upon request). (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(q)The Supplementary Agreement, entered into as of January 1, 1987, between the Trustees of the Cincinnati Southern Railway and The Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway Company (the latter a wholly owned subsidiary of Norfolk Southern Railway Company) – extending and amending a Lease, dated as of October 11, 1881 – is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(k) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(r)*Norfolk Southern Corporation Executive Management Incentive Plan, as approved by shareholders May 14, 2015, and as amended effective March 27, 2018, November 17, 2020, November 17, 2023, and April 2, 2024 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's 10-Q filed on April 24, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(s)*The Norfolk Southern Corporation Directors’ Restricted Stock Plan, adopted January 1, 1994, and amended and restated effective as of January 23, 2015, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on October 25, 2017. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(t)*Supplemental Benefit Plan of Norfolk Southern Corporation and Participating Subsidiary Companies, adopted June 1, 1982, as amended and restated effective as of December 31, 2023 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(t) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 5, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(u)*The Norfolk Southern Corporation Directors’ Charitable Award Program, as amended effective July 2007, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on July 27, 2007. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(v)*The Norfolk Southern Corporation Thoroughbred Stock Option Plan, as amended effective July 22, 2013, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on July 24, 2013. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(w)*The Norfolk Southern Corporation Executive Life Insurance Plan, as amended and restated effective November 30, 2022 and executed as of February 21, 2023, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on April 26, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(x)*The Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, as approved by shareholders May 14, 2015, and as amended July 29, 2016, November 29, 2016, November 28, 2017, November 27, 2018, and November 19, 2019, November 17, 2023, and December 20, 2023 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(x) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 5, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(y)Amended and Restated Transfer and Administration Agreement dated as of May 28, 2021 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 28, 2021. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(z)Amendment No. 1 dated as of May 27, 2022, to the Amended and Restated Transfer and Administration Agreement, dated as of May 28, 2021 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 on Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on October 26, 2022. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(aa)Amendment No. 2 dated as of June 30, 2022, to the Amended and Restated Transfer and Administration Agreement, dated as of May 28, 2021 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on October 26, 2022. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(bb)Amendment No.3 dated as of May 24, 2024, to the Amended and Restated Transfer and Administration Agreement, dated as of May 28, 2021 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q on July 26, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-8339)
(cc)Commitment Termination Date Extension Request effective as of May 26, 2023 to the Amended and Restated Transfer and Administrative Agreement dated as of May 28, 2021 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 on the Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed on July 27, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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(dd)Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement dated November 21, 2022, by and among the Registrant as purchaser, the Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway Company, and the Board of Trustees of the Cincinnati Southern Railway as seller is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 on Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on November 21, 2022. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ee)First Amended and Restated Asset Purchase and Sale Agreement dated as of June 28, 2023 between Board of Trustees of the Cincinnati Southern Railway, Norfolk Southern Railway Company and The Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway Company is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 on the Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed on July 27, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ff)*Directors’ Deferred Fee Plan of Norfolk Southern Corporation, adopted June 1, 1982 and as amended and restated effective December 1, 2019, is incorporated by referenced to Exhibit 10(xx) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 6, 2020. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(gg)*Norfolk Southern Corporation Executives’ Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2019, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(ww) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 8, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(hh)*Form of Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, Award Agreement for Outside Directors for Restricted Stock Units and deferral election form as approved by the Human Capital Management and Compensation Committee on November 18, 2021, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(cc) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 4, 2022. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ii)*,**Form of Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, Award Agreement for Non-Qualified Stock Options approved by the Human Capital Management and Compensation Committee on January 28, 2025.
(jj)*,**Form of Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, Award Agreement for Restricted Stock Units approved by the Human Capital Management and Compensation Committee on January 28, 2025.
(kk)*,**Form of Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, Award Agreement for Performance Share Units approved by the Human Capital Management and Compensation Committee on January 28, 2025.
(ll)*Form of Change in Control Agreement between Norfolk Southern Corporation and executive officers who entered into a change in control agreement after 2015 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on July 29, 2020. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(mm)Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of January 26, 2024, establishing a 5-year, $800 million unsecured revolving credit facility of the Registrant, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on January 26, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(nn)*Amended and Restated Offer Letter for Mark R. George, dated September 11, 2024, is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 12, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(oo)*Offer Letter for John Orr dated March 18, 2024 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on April 24, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(pp)*Retention Agreement for Ann A. Adams dated January 29, 2024 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on April 24, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(qq)*Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan Inducement Award Agreement for Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 28, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(rr)*Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan Inducement Award Agreement for Restricted Stock Units is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 28, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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(ss)*Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan Inducement Award Agreement for Non-Qualified Stock Options is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.4 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on August 28, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(tt)A Lease Agreement, dated March 1, 2019, between NSRC and BA Leasing BSC, LLC. This Agreement is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed March 5, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(uu)A Participation Agreement, dated March 1, 2019, between NSRC, BA Leasing BSC, LLC, Bank of America, N.A. as Administrative Agent, and each of the Rent Assignees listed on Schedule II thereto. This Agreement is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.3 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed March 5, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(vv)Guaranty of NSRC’s obligations under the Participation Agreement, Construction Agency Agreement, Lease Agreement and related documents by Norfolk Southern Corporation. This Agreement is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.4 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed March 5, 2019. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(ww)Consent and First Omnibus Amendment dated May 14, 2021 between NSRC, BA Leasing, BSC, LLC, Bank of America, N.A as Administrative Agent, and each of the Rent Assignees (the Registrant will furnish supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request, a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule). (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(xx)Consent and Second Omnibus Amendment dated September 10, 2021 between NSRC, BA Leasing, BSC, LLC, Bank of America, N.A as Administrative Agent, and each of the Rent Assignees (the Registrant will furnish supplementally to the Securities and Exchange Commission upon request, a copy of any omitted exhibit or schedule). (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(yy)Third Omnibus Amendment Agreement dated January 23, 2023 between NSRC, BA Leasing, BSC, LLC, Bank of America, N.A as Administrative Agent, and each of the Rent Assignees is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.2 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on April 26, 2023. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(zz)Fourth Omnibus Amendment Agreement dated February 28, 2024 between NSRC, BA Leasing, BSC, LLC, Bank of America, N.A as Administrative Agent, and each of the Rent Assignees is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on April 24, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(aaa)*Norfolk Southern Executive Severance Plan as adopted on May 14, 2020, and as amended July 28, 2020, and November 17, 2022, is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on November 21, 2022. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
(bbb)Cooperation Agreement dated November 13, 2024, by and among Norfolk Southern Corporation, Ancora Catalyst Institutional LP and certain of its affiliates is incorporated by reference herein to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on November 14, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)
19 **Norfolk Southern Corporation Insider Trading policies and procedures.
21**Subsidiaries of the Registrant.
23**Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm.
31-A**Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CEO Certification.
31-B**Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) CFO Certification.
32**Section 1350 Certifications.
97*Norfolk Southern Corporation Incentive-Based Compensation Recovery Policy as adopted by Human Capital Management and Compensation Committee on November 17, 2023 is incorporated by reference to Exhibit 97 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 5, 2024. (SEC File No. 001-08339)

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101**The following financial information from Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, formatted in Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language (iXBRL) includes: (i) the Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022; (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022; (iii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2024 and 2023; (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022; (v) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity for each of the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022; and (vi) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
104**Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).
** Management contract or compensatory arrangement.*
*** Filed herewith.*
(B)Exhibits.
The Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K as listed in Item 15(A)3 are filed herewith or incorporated by reference.
(C)Financial Statement Schedules.
Financial statement schedules and separate financial statements specified by this Item are included in Item 15(A)2 or are otherwise not required or are not applicable.
Exhibits 23, 31, and 32 are included in copies assembled for public dissemination. All exhibits are included in the 2024 Form 10-K posted on our website at www.norfolksouthern.com under “Investors” “Financial Reports” and “SEC Filings” or you may request copies by writing to:
Office of Corporate Secretary Norfolk Southern Corporation 650 West Peachtree Street NW Atlanta, Georgia 30308-1925

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