filings.toolsCover and table of contents
70K characters. Original on sec.gov · Markdown
Cover and table of contents
10-K 1 psx-20151231_10k.htm 10-K
| 2015 |
| UNITED STATES | ||
| SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION | ||
| Washington, D.C. 20549 | ||
| FORM 10-K |
| (Mark One) | ||
| [X] | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 | |
| For the fiscal year ended | December 31, 2015 | |
| OR | ||
| [ ] | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
| For the transition period from | to | |||
| Commission file number: 001-35349 |
| Phillips 66 | ||
| (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) |
| Delaware | 45-3779385 | |||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
| 3010 Briarpark Drive, Houston, Texas 77042 | ||
| (Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code) | ||
| Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: 281-293-6600 |
| Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: | ||||
| Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered | |||
| Common Stock, $.01 Par Value | New York Stock Exchange |
| Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None | ||||
| Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. | [X] Yes [ ] No | |||
| Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. | [ ] Yes [X] No | |||
| Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. | [X] Yes [ ] No | |||
| Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). | [X] Yes [ ] No | |||
| Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. | [X] | |||
| Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. | ||||
| Large accelerated filer [X] | Accelerated filer [ ] | Non-accelerated filer [ ] | Smaller reporting company [ ] | |
| Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). | [ ] Yes [X] No |
The aggregate market value of common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on June 30, 2015, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, based on the closing price on that date of $80.56, was $43.3 billion. The registrant, solely for the purpose of this required presentation, had deemed its Board of Directors and executive officers to be affiliates, and deducted their stockholdings in determining the aggregate market value.
The registrant had 527,459,894 shares of common stock outstanding at January 31, 2016.
Documents incorporated by reference:
Portions of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 4, 2016 (Part III).
Unless otherwise indicated, “the company,” “we,” “our,” “us” and “Phillips 66” are used in this report to refer to the businesses of Phillips 66 and its consolidated subsidiaries. This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements including, without limitation, statements relating to our plans, strategies, objectives, expectations and intentions that are made pursuant to the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The words “anticipate,” “estimate,” “believe,” “budget,” “continue,” “could,” “intend,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “expect,” “objective,” “projection,” “forecast,” “goal,” “guidance,” “outlook,” “effort,” “target” and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. The company does not undertake to update, revise or correct any forward-looking information unless required to do so under the federal securities laws. Readers are cautioned that such forward-looking statements should be read in conjunction with the company’s disclosures under the heading “CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE ‘SAFE HARBOR’ PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995.”
PART I
Items 1 and 2. BUSINESS AND PROPERTIES
CORPORATE STRUCTURE
Phillips 66, headquartered in Houston, Texas, was incorporated in Delaware in 2011 in connection with, and in anticipation of, a restructuring of ConocoPhillips resulting in the separation of its downstream businesses into an independent, publicly traded company named Phillips 66. The two companies were separated by ConocoPhillips distributing to its stockholders all the shares of common stock of Phillips 66 after the market closed on April 30, 2012 (the Separation). On May 1, 2012, Phillips 66 stock began trading “regular-way” on the New York Stock Exchange under the “PSX” stock symbol.
Our business is organized into four operating segments:
| 1) | Midstream—Gathers, processes, transports and markets natural gas; and transports, fractionates and markets natural gas liquids (NGL) in the United States. In addition, this segment transports crude oil and other feedstocks to our refineries and other locations, delivers refined and specialty products to market, and provides terminaling and storage services for crude oil and petroleum products. The Midstream segment includes our master limited partnership, Phillips 66 Partners LP, as well as our 50 percent equity investment in DCP Midstream, LLC (DCP Midstream). |
| 2) | Chemicals—Manufactures and markets petrochemicals and plastics on a worldwide basis. The Chemicals segment consists of our 50 percent equity investment in Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC (CPChem). |
| 3) | Refining—Buys, sells and refines crude oil and other feedstocks at 14 refineries, mainly in the United States and Europe. |
| 4) | Marketing and Specialties (M&S)—Purchases for resale and markets refined petroleum products (such as gasolines, distillates and aviation fuels), mainly in the United States and Europe. In addition, this segment includes the manufacturing and marketing of specialty products, as well as power generation operations. |
Corporate and Other includes general corporate overhead, interest expense, our investment in new technologies and various other corporate activities. Corporate assets include all cash and cash equivalents.
At December 31, 2015, Phillips 66 had approximately 14,000 employees.
SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION
For operating segment and geographic information, see Note 26—Segment Disclosures and Related Information, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which is incorporated herein by reference.
MIDSTREAM
The Midstream segment consists of three business lines:
| • | Transportation—transports crude oil and other feedstocks to our refineries and other locations, delivers refined and specialty products to market, and provides terminaling and storage services for crude oil and petroleum products. |
| • | DCP Midstream—gathers, processes, transports and markets natural gas and transports, fractionates and markets NGL. |
| • | NGL—transports, fractionates and markets natural gas liquids. |
Phillips 66 Partners LP
In 2013, we formed Phillips 66 Partners LP, a master limited partnership (MLP), to own, operate, develop and acquire primarily fee-based crude oil, refined petroleum product and NGL pipelines and terminals, as well as other transportation and midstream assets. At December 31, 2015, we owned a 69 percent limited partner interest and a 2 percent general partner interest in Phillips 66 Partners, while the public owned a 29 percent limited partner interest.
Headquartered in Houston, Texas, Phillips 66 Partners’ assets and equity investments consist of crude oil, NGL and refined petroleum product pipelines, terminals, rail racks and storage systems that are geographically dispersed throughout the United States, most of which are integral to a Phillips 66-operated refinery.
During 2015, Phillips 66 Partners expanded its business by acquiring from us:
| • | One-third equity interests in DCP Sand Hills Pipeline, LLC (Sand Hills) and DCP Southern Hills Pipeline, LLC (Southern Hills), as well as a 19.5 percent equity interest in Explorer Pipeline Company (Explorer). This acquisition closed in March 2015. |
| • | A 40 percent equity interest in Bayou Bridge Pipeline, LLC (Bayou Bridge). This acquisition closed in December 2015. |
The operations and financial results of Phillips 66 Partners are included in either the Transportation or NGL business line, based on the nature of the activity within the partnership.
Transportation
We own or lease various assets to provide environmentally safe, strategic and timely delivery and terminaling and storage of crude oil, refined products, natural gas and NGL. These assets include pipeline systems; petroleum product, crude oil and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) terminals; a petroleum coke handling facility; marine vessels; railcars and trucks.
Pipelines and Terminals
At December 31, 2015, our Transportation business managed over 18,000 miles of crude oil, natural gas, NGL and petroleum products pipeline systems in the United States, including those partially owned or operated by affiliates. We owned or operated 39 finished product terminals, 37 storage locations, 5 LPG terminals, 16 crude oil terminals and 1 petroleum coke exporting facility.
During 2015, we continued to invest in our Beaumont Terminal, the largest terminal in the Phillips 66 portfolio, which currently has 4.7 million barrels of crude oil storage capacity and 2.4 million barrels of refined product storage capacity. As of December 31, 2015, we had 2.0 million barrels of incremental crude storage capacity under construction, which is
expected to be completed in the third quarter of 2016. In addition, we have initiated a variety of other projects aimed at increasing storage and throughput capabilities as we continue the expansion of the Beaumont terminal from its current 7.1 million barrels of storage capacity to 16 million barrels.
Construction progressed in 2015 on our two crude oil pipeline systems being developed by our joint ventures, Dakota Access LLC (DAPL) and Energy Transfer Crude Oil Company, LLC (ETCOP). Phillips 66 owns a 25 percent interest in each joint venture, with our co-venturer holding the remaining 75 percent interest and acting as operator of both the DAPL and ETCOP pipeline systems. The DAPL pipeline is expected to deliver 470,000 barrels per day of crude oil from the Bakken/Three Forks production area in North Dakota to market centers in the Midwest. The DAPL pipeline will provide shippers with access to Midwestern refineries, unit-train rail loading facilities to facilitate deliveries to East Coast refineries, and the Gulf Coast market through an interconnection in Patoka, Illinois, with ETCOP pipeline. The ETCOP pipeline will provide crude oil transportation service from the Midwest to the Sunoco Logistics Partners L.P. (Sunoco Logistics) and Phillips 66 storage terminals located in Nederland, Texas. The pipelines are expected to be operational in fourth-quarter 2016.
In the third quarter of 2015, Phillips 66 became a joint venture partner with a 40 percent equity interest in Bayou Bridge. Energy Transfer Partners, L.P. (ETP) and Sunoco Logistics each hold a 30 percent interest in the joint venture, with Sunoco Logistics serving as the operator. The joint venture was formed for the funding and development of the Bayou Bridge pipeline. The Bayou Bridge pipeline is a new-build 30” and 24” pipeline that will deliver crude oil from Nederland, Texas, to Lake Charles, Louisiana and on to St. James, Louisiana. Phillips 66 is constructing the segment to Lake Charles, which will be in service by the end of first-quarter 2016. The remaining section of the pipeline, which will be constructed by ETP, is scheduled for completion in the second half of 2017. Effective December 1, 2015, Phillips 66 Partners acquired Phillips 66’s 40 percent equity interest in Bayou Bridge.
In the fourth quarter of 2015, Phillips 66 Partners commenced operation of the Palermo Rail Terminal, which is located on a 710-acre site near Palermo, North Dakota. The crude terminal has an initial capacity of 100,000 barrels per day, with the flexibility to be expanded to 200,000 barrels per day. It is located on a railway with two mainline switches, allowing east- and west-bound deliveries. The terminal includes 6 truck unloading facilities and 206,000 barrels of operational storage, with permits allowing total storage capacity of up to 2.4 million barrels, as well as space for 6 additional truck unloading facilities. The terminal is owned by the joint venture Phillips 66 Partners Terminal LLC, of which Phillips 66 Partners holds a 70 percent interest, with Paradigm Energy Partners, LLC (Paradigm) owning the remaining 30 percent interest. Phillips 66 Partners is the operator.
In 2016, the Palermo Rail Terminal is anticipated to include a pipeline delivery and receipt connection to the 76-mile Sacagawea Pipeline, allowing the terminal to receive crude oil from areas in Dunn County and McKenzie County, North Dakota, and deliver it to terminals and pipelines located in Stanley, North Dakota. The Sacagawea Pipeline is owned by the joint venture Sacagawea Pipeline Company, LLC, of which Paradigm Pipeline LLC holds an 88 percent interest, with the remaining 12 percent interest owned by Grey Wolf Midstream, LLC. Phillips 66 Partners and Paradigm each own a 50 percent interest in Paradigm Pipeline LLC. Paradigm is constructing the pipeline and Phillips 66 Partners will be the operator.
The following table depicts our ownership interest in major pipeline systems as of December 31, 2015:
| Name | Origination/Terminus | Interest | Size | Length(Miles) | Gross Capacity (MBD) | ||||||||
| Crude and Feedstocks | |||||||||||||
| Glacier | Cut Bank, MT/Billings, MT | 79 | % | 8”-12” | 865 | 126 | |||||||
| Line 80 | Gaines, TX/Borger, TX | 100 | 8”, 12” | 237 | 28 | ||||||||
| Line O | Cushing, OK/Borger, TX | 100 | 10” | 276 | 37 | ||||||||
| WA Line | Odessa, TX/Borger, TX | 100 | 12”, 14” | 289 | 104 | ||||||||
| Cushing | Cushing, OK/Ponca City, OK | 100 | 18” | 62 | 130 | ||||||||
| North Texas Crude | Wichita Falls, TX | 100 | 2”-16” | 224 | 28 | ||||||||
| Oklahoma Mainline | Wichita Falls, TX/Ponca City, OK | 100 | 12” | 217 | 100 | ||||||||
| Clifton Ridge † | Clifton Ridge, LA/Westlake, LA | 71 | 20” | 10 | 260 | ||||||||
| Eagle Ford Gathering † | Helena, TX | 71 | 6” | 6 | 20 | ||||||||
| Eagle Ford Gathering † | Tilden, TX/Whitsett, TX | 71 | 6”, 10” | 22 | 34 | ||||||||
| Louisiana Crude Gathering | Rayne, LA/Westlake, LA | 100 | 4”-8” | 80 | 25 | ||||||||
| Sweeny Crude | Sweeny, TX/Freeport, TX | 100 | 12”, 24”, 30” | 56 | 265 | ||||||||
| Line 100 | Taft, CA/Lost Hills, CA | 100 | 8”, 10”, 12” | 79 | 54 | ||||||||
| Line 200 | Lost Hills, CA/Rodeo, CA | 100 | 12”, 16” | 228 | 93 | ||||||||
| Line 300 | Nipomo, CA/Arroyo Grande, CA | 100 | 8”, 10”, 12” | 56 | 48 | ||||||||
| Line 400 | Arroyo Grande, CA/Lost Hills, CA | 100 | 8”, 10”, 12” | 147 | 40 | ||||||||
| Petroleum Products | |||||||||||||
| Harbor | Woodbury, NJ/Linden, NJ | 33 | 16” | 80 | 171 | ||||||||
| Pioneer | Sinclair, WY/Salt Lake City, UT | 50 | 8”, 12” | 562 | 63 | ||||||||
| Seminoe | Billings, MT/Sinclair, WY | 100 | 6”-10” | 342 | 33 | ||||||||
| Yellowstone | Billings, MT/Moses Lake, WA | 46 | 6”-10” | 710 | 66 | ||||||||
| Borger to Amarillo | Borger, TX/Amarillo, TX | 100 | 8”, 10” | 93 | 76 | ||||||||
| ATA Line | Amarillo, TX/Albuquerque, NM | 50 | 6”, 10” | 293 | 34 | ||||||||
| Borger-Denver | McKee, TX/Denver, CO | 70 | 6”-12” | 405 | 38 | ||||||||
| Gold Line † | Borger, TX/East St. Louis, IL | 71 | 8”-16” | 681 | 120 | ||||||||
| SAAL | Amarillo, TX/Abernathy, TX | 33 | 6” | 102 | 33 | ||||||||
| SAAL | Abernathy, TX/Lubbock, TX | 54 | 6” | 19 | 30 | ||||||||
| Cherokee South | Ponca City, OK/Oklahoma City, OK | 100 | 8” | 90 | 46 | ||||||||
| Heartland* | McPherson, KS/Des Moines, IA | 50 | 8”, 6” | 49 | 30 | ||||||||
| Paola Products † | Paola, KS/Kansas City, KS | 71 | 8”, 10” | 106 | 96 | ||||||||
| Standish | Marland Junction, OK/Wichita, KS | 100 | 18” | 92 | 72 | ||||||||
| Cherokee North | Ponca City, OK/Arkansas City, KS | 100 | 10” | 29 | 57 | ||||||||
| Cherokee East | Medford, OK/Mount Vernon, MO | 100 | 10”, 12” | 287 | 55 | ||||||||
| Cross Channel Connector † | Pasadena, TX/Galena Park, TX | 71 | 20” | 5 | 180 | ||||||||
| Explorer***† | Texas Gulf Coast/Chicago, IL | 14 | 24”, 28” | 1,830 | 660 | ||||||||
| Sweeny to Pasadena † | Sweeny, TX/Pasadena, TX | 71 | 12”, 18” | 120 | 294 | ||||||||
| LAX Jet Line | Wilmington, CA/Los Angeles, CA | 50 | 8” | 19 | 50 | ||||||||
| Torrance Products | Wilmington, CA/Torrance, CA | 100 | 10”, 12” | 8 | 161 | ||||||||
| Los Angeles Products | Torrance, CA/Los Angeles, CA | 100 | 6”, 12” | 22 | 112 | ||||||||
| Watson Products Line | Wilmington, CA/Long Beach, CA | 100 | 20” | 9 | 238 | ||||||||
| Richmond | Rodeo, CA/Richmond, CA | 100 | 6” | 14 | 26 |
| Name | Origination/Terminus | Interest | Size | Length (Miles) | Gross Capacity (MBD) | ||||||||
| NGL | |||||||||||||
| Powder River | Sage Creek, WY/Borger, TX | 100 | % | 6”-8” | 705 | 14 | |||||||
| Skelly-Belvieu | Skellytown, TX/Mont Belvieu, TX | 50 | 8” | 571 | 45 | ||||||||
| TX Panhandle Y1/Y2 | Sher-Han, TX/Borger, TX | 100 | 3”-10” | 299 | 61 | ||||||||
| Chisholm | Kingfisher, OK/Conway, KS | 50 | 4”-10” | 202 | 42 | ||||||||
| Sand Hills**† | Permian Basin/Mont Belvieu, TX | 24 | 20” | 1,190 | 250 | ||||||||
| Southern Hills**† | U.S. Midcontinent/Mont Belvieu, TX | 24 | 20” | 940 | 175 | ||||||||
| Sweeny NGL | Brazoria, TX/Sweeny, TX | 100 | 20” | 18 | 204 | ||||||||
| LPG | |||||||||||||
| Blue Line | Borger, TX/East St. Louis, IL | 100 | 8”-12” | 688 | 29 | ||||||||
| Brown Line | Ponca City, OK/Wichita, KS | 100 | 8”, 10” | 76 | 26 | ||||||||
| Conway to Wichita | Conway, KS/Wichita, KS | 100 | 12” | 55 | 38 | ||||||||
| Medford | Ponca City, OK/Medford, OK | 100 | 4”-6” | 42 | 10 | ||||||||
| Sweeny LPG Lines | Sweeny/Mont Belvieu & Freeport, TX | 100 | 10”-20” | 246 | 842 | ||||||||
| Natural Gas | |||||||||||||
| Rockies Express | Meeker, CO/Clarington, OH | 25 | 36”-42” | 1,712 | 1.8 BCFD |
†Owned by Phillips 66 Partners LP; Phillips 66 held a 71 percent ownership interest in Phillips 66 Partners LP at December 31, 2015.
*Total pipeline system is 419 miles. Phillips 66 has ownership interest in multiple segments totaling 49 miles.
**Operated by DCP Midstream Partners, LP; Phillips 66 Partners holds a direct one-third ownership in the pipeline entities.
***Phillips 66 Partners holds a 19.5 percent ownership in Explorer.
The following table depicts our ownership interest in finished product terminals as of December 31, 2015:
| Facility Name | Location | Interest | Gross Storage Capacity (MBbl) | Gross Rack Capacity (MBD) | |||||||
| Albuquerque | New Mexico | 100 | % | 244 | 18 | ||||||
| Amarillo | Texas | 100 | 277 | 29 | |||||||
| Beaumont | Texas | 100 | 2,400 | 8 | |||||||
| Billings | Montana | 100 | 88 | 16 | |||||||
| Bozeman | Montana | 100 | 113 | 13 | |||||||
| Colton | California | 100 | 211 | 21 | |||||||
| Denver | Colorado | 100 | 310 | 43 | |||||||
| Des Moines | Iowa | 50 | 206 | 15 | |||||||
| East St. Louis † | Illinois | 71 | 2,085 | 78 | |||||||
| Glenpool North | Oklahoma | 100 | 366 | 19 | |||||||
| Great Falls | Montana | 100 | 198 | 12 | |||||||
| Hartford † | Illinois | 71 | 1,075 | 25 | |||||||
| Helena | Montana | 100 | 178 | 10 | |||||||
| Jefferson City † | Missouri | 71 | 110 | 16 | |||||||
| Kansas City † | Kansas | 71 | 1,294 | 66 | |||||||
| La Junta | Colorado | 100 | 101 | 10 | |||||||
| Lincoln | Nebraska | 100 | 219 | 21 | |||||||
| Linden | New Jersey | 100 | 429 | 121 | |||||||
| Los Angeles | California | 100 | 116 | 75 | |||||||
| Lubbock | Texas | 100 | 179 | 17 | |||||||
| Missoula | Montana | 50 | 368 | 29 | |||||||
| Moses Lake | Washington | 50 | 186 | 13 | |||||||
| Mount Vernon | Missouri | 100 | 363 | 46 | |||||||
| North Salt Lake | Utah | 50 | 657 | 41 | |||||||
| Oklahoma City | Oklahoma | 100 | 352 | 48 | |||||||
| Pasadena † | Texas | 71 | 3,210 | 65 | |||||||
| Ponca City | Oklahoma | 100 | 51 | 23 | |||||||
| Portland | Oregon | 100 | 664 | 33 | |||||||
| Renton | Washington | 100 | 228 | 20 | |||||||
| Richmond | California | 100 | 334 | 28 | |||||||
| Rock Springs | Wyoming | 100 | 125 | 19 | |||||||
| Sacramento | California | 100 | 141 | 13 | |||||||
| Sheridan | Wyoming | 100 | 86 | 15 | |||||||
| Spokane | Washington | 100 | 351 | 24 | |||||||
| Tacoma | Washington | 100 | 307 | 17 | |||||||
| Tremley Point | New Jersey | 100 | 1,593 | 39 | |||||||
| Westlake | Louisiana | 100 | 128 | 16 | |||||||
| Wichita Falls | Texas | 100 | 303 | 15 | |||||||
| Wichita North † | Kansas | 71 | 679 | 19 |
†Owned by Phillips 66 Partners LP; Phillips 66 held a 71 percent ownership interest in Phillips 66 Partners LP at December 31, 2015.
The following table depicts our ownership interest in crude and other terminals as of December 31, 2015:
| Facility Name | Location | Interest | Gross Storage Capacity (MBbl) | Gross Loading Capacity** | |||||||
| Crude | |||||||||||
| Beaumont | Texas | 100 | % | 4,704 | N/A | ||||||
| Billings | Montana | 100 | 270 | N/A | |||||||
| Borger | Texas | 100 | 721 | N/A | |||||||
| Clifton Ridge † | Louisiana | 71 | 3,410 | N/A | |||||||
| Cushing | Oklahoma | 100 | 700 | N/A | |||||||
| Junction | California | 100 | 523 | N/A | |||||||
| McKittrick | California | 100 | 237 | N/A | |||||||
| Odessa | Texas | 100 | 523 | N/A | |||||||
| Palermo* | North Dakota | 50 | 206 | N/A | |||||||
| Pecan Grove † | Louisiana | 71 | 142 | N/A | |||||||
| Ponca City | Oklahoma | 100 | 1,200 | N/A | |||||||
| Santa Margarita | California | 100 | 335 | N/A | |||||||
| Santa Maria | California | 100 | 112 | N/A | |||||||
| Tepetate | Louisiana | 100 | 152 | N/A | |||||||
| Torrance | California | 100 | 309 | N/A | |||||||
| Wichita Falls | Texas | 100 | 240 | N/A | |||||||
| Petroleum Coke | |||||||||||
| Lake Charles | Louisiana | 50 | N/A | N/A | |||||||
| Rail | |||||||||||
| Bayway † | New Jersey | 71 | N/A | 75 | |||||||
| Beaumont | Texas | 100 | N/A | 20 | |||||||
| Ferndale † | Washington | 71 | N/A | 30 | |||||||
| Missoula | Montana | 50 | N/A | 82 | |||||||
| Palermo* | North Dakota | 50 | N/A | 100 | |||||||
| Thompson Falls | Montana | 50 | N/A | 84 | |||||||
| Marine | |||||||||||
| Beaumont | Texas | 100 | N/A | 13 | |||||||
| Clifton Ridge † | Louisiana | 71 | N/A | 48 | |||||||
| Hartford † | Illinois | 71 | N/A | 3 | |||||||
| Pecan Grove † | Louisiana | 71 | N/A | 6 | |||||||
| Portland | Oregon | 100 | N/A | 10 | |||||||
| Richmond | California | 100 | N/A | 3 | |||||||
| Tacoma | Washington | 100 | N/A | 12 | |||||||
| Tremley Point | New Jersey | 100 | N/A | 7 |
†Owned by Phillips 66 Partners LP; Phillips 66 held a 71 percent ownership interest in Phillips 66 Partners LP at December 31, 2015.
*Owned by Phillips 66 Partners Terminal LLC; Phillips 66 Partners holds a 70 percent ownership interest in Phillips 66 Partners Terminal LLC.
**Rail in thousands of barrels daily (MBD); Marine in thousands of barrels per hour.
Rockies Express Pipeline LLC (REX)
We have a 25 percent interest in REX. The REX natural gas pipeline runs 1,712 miles from Meeker, Colorado, to Clarington, Ohio, and has a natural gas transmission capacity of 1.8 billion cubic feet per day (BCFD), with most of its system having a pipeline diameter of 42 inches. Numerous compression facilities support the pipeline system. The REX pipeline was originally designed to enable natural gas producers in the Rocky Mountain region to deliver natural gas supplies to the Midwest and eastern regions of the United States. During 2015, as a result of east-to-west expansion projects, the REX Pipeline began transporting natural gas supplies from the Appalachian Basin to Midwest markets.
Marine Vessels
At December 31, 2015, we had 12 double-hulled, international-flagged crude oil and product tankers under term charter, with capacities ranging in size from 300,000 to 1,100,000 barrels. Additionally, we had under term charter three Jones Act compliant tankers and 66 tug/barge units. These vessels are used primarily to transport feedstocks or provide product transportation for certain of our refineries, including delivery of domestic crude oil to our Gulf Coast and East Coast refineries.
Truck and Rail
Truck and rail operations support our feedstock and distribution operations. Rail movements are provided via a fleet of more than 12,300 owned and leased railcars. Truck movements are provided through approximately 170 third-party truck companies, as well as through Sentinel Transportation LLC, in which we hold a 20 percent equity interest.
DCP Midstream
Our Midstream segment includes our 50 percent equity investment in DCP Midstream, which is headquartered in Denver, Colorado. As of December 31, 2015, DCP Midstream owned or operated 64 natural gas processing facilities, with a net processing capacity of approximately 8.0 BCFD. DCP Midstream’s owned or operated natural gas pipeline systems included gathering services for these facilities, as well as natural gas transmission, and totaled approximately 68,000 miles of pipeline. DCP Midstream also owned or operated 12 NGL fractionation plants, along with natural gas and NGL storage facilities, a propane wholesale marketing business and NGL pipeline assets.
The residual natural gas, primarily methane, which results from processing raw natural gas, is sold by DCP Midstream at market-based prices to marketers and end users, including large industrial companies, natural gas distribution companies and electric utilities. DCP Midstream purchases or takes custody of substantially all of its raw natural gas from producers, principally under contractual arrangements that expose DCP Midstream to the prices of NGL, natural gas and condensate. DCP Midstream also has fee-based arrangements with producers to provide midstream services such as gathering and processing.
DCP Midstream markets a portion of its NGL to us and CPChem under existing 15-year contracts, the primary commitment of which began a ratable wind-down period in December 2014 and expires in January 2019. These purchase commitments are on an “if-produced, will-purchase” basis.
During 2015, DCP Midstream and DCP Midstream Partners, LP (DCP Partners), the MLP formed by DCP Midstream, completed or advanced the following growth projects:
| • | The Sand Hills laterals were placed into service in the second and third quarters of 2015. The Sand Hills pipeline capacity expansion is underway and expected to be in service in the middle of 2016. |
| • | In March 2015, construction began on a gathering system in the Denver-Julesburg (DJ) Basin, named the Grand Parkway gathering project, with expected completion in the first quarter of 2016. |
| • | The expansion of the Keathley Canyon natural gas gathering pipeline system, which is part of DCP Partners’ Discovery joint venture, was placed into service in the first quarter of 2015. |
| • | The Lucerne 2 plant was placed into service in mid-2015. |
NGL
Our NGL business includes the following:
| • | The 100,000 barrels-per-day (BPD) Sweeny Fractionator One is located in Old Ocean, Texas. The fractionator is supported by 250 miles of new pipelines and the Clemens Caverns storage facility located near Brazoria, Texas, with connectivity to local petrochemical customers, the Mont Belvieu market hub and our marine terminal in Freeport, Texas. |
| • | A 22.5 percent equity interest in Gulf Coast Fractionators, which owns an NGL fractionation plant in Mont Belvieu, Texas. We operate the facility, and our net share of its capacity is 32,625 barrels per day. |
| • | A 12.5 percent equity interest in a fractionation plant in Mont Belvieu, Texas. Our net share of its capacity is 30,250 barrels per day. |
| • | A 40 percent interest in a fractionation plant in Conway, Kansas. Our net share of its capacity is 43,200 barrels per day. |
| • | Phillips 66 Partners owns a direct one-third interest in both Sand Hills and Southern Hills, whose pipelines connect Eagle Ford, Permian and Midcontinent production to the Mont Belvieu, Texas market. |
In December 2015, operations began at Sweeny Fractionator One. Sweeny Fractionator One is located adjacent to our Sweeny Refinery and supplies purity ethane and LPG to the petrochemical industry and heating markets. Raw NGL supply to the fractionator is delivered from nearby major pipelines, including the Sand Hills pipeline.
The fractionator is supported by significant new infrastructure including connectivity to two NGL supply pipelines, a 180,000 BPD bi-directional pipeline to the Mont Belvieu market center and a multi-million barrel salt dome storage facility with access to our marine terminal in Freeport, Texas.
During 2015, construction progressed on the Freeport LPG Export Terminal located at the site of our existing marine terminal in Freeport, Texas. The terminal expansion will leverage our transportation and storage infrastructure to supply petrochemical, heating and transportation markets globally. In addition, a 100,000 BPD unit to upgrade domestic propane for export is being installed near the Sweeny Fractionator One. The terminal will have an initial export capacity of 150,000 BPD of LPG with a ship loading rate of 36,000 barrels per hour. The terminal is currently exporting 10,000 to 15,000 BPD of natural gasoline (C5+) from Sweeny Fractionator One.
The LPG produced at Sweeny Fractionator One is being delivered via pipeline to local petrochemical customers, as well as to the market hub at Mont Belvieu, Texas. We will have the capability to place the LPG into global markets upon completion of our Freeport LPG Export Terminal in the second half of 2016. Sweeny Fractionator One and the Freeport LPG Export Terminal represent a combined capital investment of more than $3 billion.
CHEMICALS
The Chemicals segment consists of our 50 percent equity investment in CPChem, which is headquartered in The Woodlands, Texas. At the end of 2015, CPChem owned or had joint-venture interests in 34 manufacturing facilities and two research and development centers located around the world.
We structure our reporting of CPChem’s operations around two primary business segments: Olefins and Polyolefins (O&P) and Specialties, Aromatics and Styrenics (SA&S). The O&P business segment produces and markets ethylene and other olefin products; the ethylene produced is primarily consumed within CPChem for the production of polyethylene, normal alpha olefins and polyethylene pipe. The SA&S business segment manufactures and markets aromatics and styrenics products, such as benzene, styrene, paraxylene and cyclohexane, as well as polystyrene and styrene-butadiene copolymers. SA&S also manufactures and/or markets a variety of specialty chemical products including organosulfur chemicals, solvents, catalysts, drilling chemicals and mining chemicals.
The manufacturing of petrochemicals and plastics involves the conversion of hydrocarbon-based raw material feedstocks into higher-value products, often through a thermal process referred to in the industry as “cracking.” For example, ethylene can be produced from cracking the feedstocks ethane, propane, butane, natural gasoline or certain refinery liquids, such as naphtha and gas oil. The produced ethylene has a number of uses, primarily as a raw material for the production of plastics, such as polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. Plastic resins, such as polyethylene, are manufactured in a thermal/catalyst process, and the produced output is used as a further raw material for various applications, such as packaging and plastic pipe.
CPChem, including through its subsidiaries and equity affiliates, has manufacturing facilities located in Belgium, China, Colombia, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Korea and the United States.
The following table reflects CPChem’s petrochemicals and plastics product capacities at December 31, 2015:
| Millions of Pounds per Year | |||||
| U.S. | Worldwide | ||||
| O&P | |||||
| Ethylene | 8,030 | 10,505 | |||
| Propylene | 2,675 | 3,180 | |||
| High-density polyethylene | 4,205 | 6,500 | |||
| Low-density polyethylene | 620 | 620 | |||
| Linear low-density polyethylene | 490 | 490 | |||
| Polypropylene | — | 310 | |||
| Normal alpha olefins | 2,335 | 2,850 | |||
| Polyalphaolefins | 105 | 235 | |||
| Polyethylene pipe | 590 | 590 | |||
| Total O&P | 19,050 | 25,280 | |||
| SA&S | |||||
| Benzene | 1,600 | 2,530 | |||
| Cyclohexane | 1,060 | 1,455 | |||
| Paraxylene | 1,000 | 1,000 | |||
| Styrene | 1,050 | 1,875 | |||
| Polystyrene | 835 | 1,070 | |||
| K-Resin® SBC | — | 70 | |||
| Specialty chemicals | 430 | 550 | |||
| Nylon 6,6 | — | 55 | |||
| Nylon compounding | — | 20 | |||
| Polymer conversion | — | 130 | |||
| Total SA&S | 5,975 | 8,755 | |||
| Total O&P and SA&S | 25,025 | 34,035 |
Capacities include CPChem’s share in equity affiliates and excludes CPChem’s NGL fractionation capacity.
In 2015, CPChem continued construction of a world-scale ethane cracker and polyethylene facilities in the U.S. Gulf Coast region. The project will leverage the development of the significant shale resources in the United States. CPChem’s Cedar Bayou facility, in Baytown, Texas, will be the location of the 3.3 billion-pound-per-year ethylene unit. The polyethylene facility will have two polyethylene units, each with an annual capacity of 1.1 billion pounds, and will be located near CPChem’s Sweeny facility in Old Ocean, Texas. The project is expected to be completed in 2017.
In the second quarter of 2015, CPChem completed construction and started commercial operations of a 220-million-pounds-per-year expansion of normal alpha olefin (NAO) production capacity at its Cedar Bayou plant. NAO and its derivatives are used extensively as polyethylene co-monomers, synthetic motor oils, lubricants, automotive additives and in a wide range of specialty applications.
Saudi Polymers Company (SPCo), a 35-percent-owned joint venture company of CPChem, owns an integrated petrochemicals complex adjacent to S-Chem (two 50/50 SA&S joint ventures) at Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia. SPCo produces ethylene, propylene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and 1-hexene.
In association with the SPCo project, CPChem committed to build a nylon 6,6 manufacturing plant and a number of polymer conversion projects at Jubail Industrial City, Saudi Arabia. The projects were undertaken through CPChem’s 50-percent-owned joint venture company, Petrochemical Conversion Company Ltd. The projects started operations in stages during 2014 through 2015, with the nylon 6,6 project achieving commercial production in December 2015.
REFINING
Our Refining segment buys, sells, and refines crude oil and other feedstocks into petroleum products (such as gasolines, distillates and aviation fuels) at 14 refineries, mainly in the United States and Europe.
The table below depicts information for each of our U.S. and international refineries at December 31, 2015:
| Thousands of Barrels Daily | |||||||||||||||||||
| Region/Refinery | Location | Interest | Net Crude Throughput Capacity | Net Clean Product Capacity** | Clean Product Yield Capability | ||||||||||||||
| At December 31 2015 | Effective January 1 2016 | Gasolines | Distillates | ||||||||||||||||
| Atlantic Basin/Europe | |||||||||||||||||||
| Bayway | Linden, NJ | 100.00 | % | 238 | 238 | 145 | 115 | 92 | % | ||||||||||
| Humber | N. Lincolnshire, United Kingdom | 100.00 | 221 | 221 | 85 | 115 | 81 | ||||||||||||
| Whitegate | Cork, Ireland | 100.00 | 71 | 71 | 15 | 30 | 65 | ||||||||||||
| MiRO* | Karlsruhe, Germany | 18.75 | 58 | 58 | 25 | 25 | 86 | ||||||||||||
| 588 | 588 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Gulf Coast | |||||||||||||||||||
| Alliance | Belle Chasse, LA | 100.00 | 247 | 247 | 125 | 120 | 88 | ||||||||||||
| Lake Charles | Westlake, LA | 100.00 | 244 | 249 | 90 | 115 | 70 | ||||||||||||
| Sweeny | Old Ocean, TX | 100.00 | 247 | 247 | 125 | 120 | 87 | ||||||||||||
| 738 | 743 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Central Corridor | |||||||||||||||||||
| Wood River | Roxana, IL | 50.00 | 157 | 157 | 75 | 55 | 81 | ||||||||||||
| Borger | Borger, TX | 50.00 | 73 | 73 | 50 | 25 | 90 | ||||||||||||
| Ponca City | Ponca City, OK | 100.00 | 203 | 203 | 110 | 90 | 93 | ||||||||||||
| Billings | Billings, MT | 100.00 | 59 | 60 | 35 | 25 | 90 | ||||||||||||
| 492 | 493 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Western/Pacific | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ferndale | Ferndale, WA | 100.00 | 101 | 101 | 55 | 30 | 81 | ||||||||||||
| Los Angeles | Carson/ Wilmington, CA | 100.00 | 139 | 139 | 80 | 65 | 90 | ||||||||||||
| San Francisco | Arroyo Grande/San Francisco, CA | 100.00 | 120 | 120 | 55 | 60 | 84 | ||||||||||||
| 360 | 360 | ||||||||||||||||||
| 2,178 | 2,184 |
*Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein GmbH.
**Clean product capacities are maximum rates for each clean product category, independent of each other. They are not additive when calculating the clean product yield capability for each refinery.
Primary crude oil characteristics and sources of crude oil for our refineries are as follows:
| Characteristics | Sources | |||||||||
| Sweet | Medium Sour | Heavy Sour | High TAN* | United States | Canada | South America | Europe | Middle East & Africa | ||
| Bayway | l | l | l | l | l | |||||
| Humber | l | l | l | l | l | |||||
| Whitegate | l | l | l | |||||||
| MiRO | l | l | l | l | ||||||
| Alliance | l | l | ||||||||
| Lake Charles | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | ||
| Sweeny | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | ||
| Wood River | l | l | l | l | l | |||||
| Borger | l | l | l | l | ||||||
| Ponca City | l | l | l | l | l | |||||
| Billings | l | l | l | l | ||||||
| Ferndale | l | l | l | l | ||||||
| Los Angeles | l | l | l | l | l | l | l | |||
| San Francisco | l | l | l | l | l | l | l |
*High TAN (Total Acid Number): acid content greater than or equal to 1.0 milligram of potassium hydroxide (KOH) per gram.
Atlantic Basin/Europe Region
Bayway Refinery
The Bayway Refinery is located on the New York Harbor in Linden, New Jersey. Bayway refining units include a fluid catalytic cracking unit, two hydrodesulfurization units, a naphtha reformer, an alkylation unit and other processing equipment. The refinery produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuels, as well as petrochemical feedstocks, residual fuel oil and home heating oil. Refined products are distributed to East Coast customers by pipeline, barge, railcar and truck. The complex also includes a 775-million-pound-per-year polypropylene plant.
Humber Refinery
The Humber Refinery is located on the east coast of England in North Lincolnshire, United Kingdom. It produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuels. Humber’s facilities encompass fluid catalytic cracking, thermal cracking and coking. The refinery has two coking units with associated calcining plants, which upgrade the heaviest part of the crude barrel and imported feedstocks into light oil products and high-value graphite and anode petroleum cokes. Humber is the only coking refinery in the United Kingdom, and a major producer of specialty graphite cokes and anode coke. Approximately 70 percent of the light oils produced in the refinery are marketed in the United Kingdom, while the other products are exported to the rest of Europe, West Africa and the United States.
Whitegate Refinery
The Whitegate Refinery is located in Cork, Ireland, and is Ireland’s only refinery. The refinery primarily produces transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and fuel oil, which are distributed to the inland market, as well as being exported to international markets. In the first quarter of 2015 we sold the Bantry Bay terminal, a crude oil and products storage complex located in Bantry Bay, about 80 miles southwest of the refinery in southern Cork County.
MiRO Refinery
The Mineraloelraffinerie Oberrhein GmbH (MiRO) Refinery, located on the Rhine River in Karlsruhe in southwest Germany, is a joint venture in which we own an 18.75 percent interest. Facilities include three crude unit trains, fluid catalytic cracking, petroleum coking and calcining, hydrodesulfurization, naphtha reformer, isomerization, ethyl tert-butyl ether and alkylation units. MiRO produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline and diesel fuels. Other products include petrochemical feedstocks, home heating oil, bitumen, and anode- and fuel-grade petroleum coke. Refined products are delivered to customers in Germany, Switzerland and Austria by truck, railcar and barge.
Gulf Coast Region
Alliance Refinery
The Alliance Refinery is located on the Mississippi River in Belle Chasse, Louisiana. The single-train facility includes fluid catalytic cracking units, alkylation, delayed coking, hydrodesulfurization units, a naphtha reformer and aromatics unit. Alliance produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuels. Other products include petrochemical feedstocks, home heating oil and anode-grade petroleum coke. The majority of the refined products are distributed to customers in the southeastern and eastern United States through major common carrier pipeline systems and by barge. Refined products are also sold into export markets through the refinery’s marine terminal.
Lake Charles Refinery
The Lake Charles Refinery is located in Westlake, Louisiana. Its facilities include fluid catalytic cracking, hydrocracking, delayed coking and hydrodesulfurization units. The refinery produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as low-sulfur gasoline and off-road diesel, along with home heating oil. The majority of its refined products are distributed by truck, railcar, barge or major common carrier pipelines to customers in the southeastern and eastern United States. Refined products can also be sold into export markets through the refinery’s marine terminal. Refinery facilities also include a specialty coker and calciner, which produce graphite petroleum coke for the steel industry.
Sweeny Refinery
The Sweeny Refinery is located in Old Ocean, Texas, approximately 65 miles southwest of Houston. Refinery facilities include fluid catalytic cracking, delayed coking, alkylation, a naphtha reformer and hydrodesulfurization units. The refinery receives crude oil primarily via tankers, through wholly and jointly owned terminals on the Gulf Coast, including a deepwater terminal at Freeport, Texas. It produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuels. Other products include petrochemical feedstocks, home heating oil and fuel-grade petroleum coke. We operate nearby terminals and storage facilities, along with pipelines that connect these facilities to the refinery. Refined products are distributed throughout the Midwest and southeastern United States by pipeline, barge and railcar.
MSLP
Merey Sweeny, L.P. (MSLP) owns a delayed coker and related facilities at the Sweeny Refinery. MSLP processes long residue, which is produced from heavy sour crude oil, for a processing fee. Fuel-grade petroleum coke is produced as a by-product and becomes the property of MSLP. See the “Other” section of Note 7—Investments, Loans and Long-Term Receivables, in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, for information on the ownership of MSLP.
Central Corridor Region
WRB Refining LP (WRB)
We are the operator and managing partner of WRB, a 50/50 joint venture with Cenovus Energy Inc., which consists of the Wood River and Borger refineries.
WRB’s gross processing capability of heavy Canadian or similar crudes ranges between 235,000 and 255,000 barrels per day.
| • | Wood River Refinery |
The Wood River Refinery is located in Roxana, Illinois, about 15 miles northeast of St. Louis, Missouri, at the confluence of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers. Operations include three distilling units, two fluid catalytic cracking units, alkylation, hydrocracking, two delayed coking units, naphtha reforming, hydrotreating and sulfur recovery. The refinery produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuels.
Other products include petrochemical feedstocks, asphalt and coke. Finished product leaves Wood River by pipeline, rail, barge and truck.
| • | Borger Refinery |
The Borger Refinery is located in Borger, Texas, in the Texas Panhandle, approximately 50 miles north of Amarillo. The refinery facilities encompass coking, fluid catalytic cracking, alkylation, hydrodesulfurization and naphtha reforming, and a 45,000-barrel-per-day NGL fractionation facility. It produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuels, as well as coke, NGL and solvents. Refined products are transported via pipelines from the refinery to West Texas, New Mexico, Colorado and the Midcontinent region.
Ponca City Refinery
The Ponca City Refinery is located in Ponca City, Oklahoma. Its facilities include fluid catalytic cracking, alkylation, delayed coking and hydrodesulfurization units. It produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel, and jet fuels, as well as LPG and anode-grade petroleum coke. Finished petroleum products are primarily shipped by company-owned and common-carrier pipelines to markets throughout the Midcontinent region.
Billings Refinery
The Billings Refinery is located in Billings, Montana. Its facilities include fluid catalytic cracking and hydrodesulfurization units, in addition to a delayed coker, which converts heavy, high-sulfur residue into higher-value light oils. The refinery produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and aviation fuels, as well as fuel-grade petroleum coke. Finished petroleum products from the refinery are delivered by pipeline, railcar and truck. The pipelines transport most of the refined products to markets in Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, Utah, Colorado and Washington.
Western/Pacific Region
Ferndale Refinery
The Ferndale Refinery is located on Puget Sound in Ferndale, Washington, approximately 20 miles south of the U.S.-Canada border. Facilities include a fluid catalytic cracker, an alkylation unit and a diesel hydrotreater unit. The refinery produces transportation fuels such as gasoline and diesel fuels. Other products include residual fuel oil, which is supplied to the northwest marine transportation market. Most refined products are distributed by pipeline and barge to major markets in the northwest United States.
Los Angeles Refinery
The Los Angeles Refinery consists of two linked facilities located about five miles apart in Carson and Wilmington, California, approximately 15 miles southeast of Los Angeles International Airport. Carson serves as the front end of the refinery by processing crude oil, and Wilmington serves as the back end by upgrading the intermediate products to finished products. The refinery produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuels. Other products include fuel-grade petroleum coke. The facilities include fluid catalytic cracking, alkylation, hydrocracking, coking, and naphtha reforming units. The refinery produces California Air Resources Board (CARB)-grade gasoline. Refined products are distributed to customers in California, Nevada and Arizona by pipeline and truck.
San Francisco Refinery
The San Francisco Refinery consists of two facilities linked by a 200-mile pipeline. The Santa Maria facility is located in Arroyo Grande, California, about 200 miles south of San Francisco, California, while the Rodeo facility is in the San Francisco Bay Area. Semi-refined liquid products from the Santa Maria facility are sent by pipeline to the Rodeo facility for upgrading into finished petroleum products. The refinery produces a high percentage of transportation fuels, such as gasoline and diesel fuels. Other products include petroleum coke. Process facilities include coking, hydrocracking, hydrotreating and naphtha reforming units. It also produces CARB-grade gasoline. The majority of the refined products are distributed by pipeline and barge to customers in California.
MARKETING AND SPECIALTIES
Our M&S segment purchases for resale and markets refined petroleum products (such as gasolines, distillates and aviation fuels), mainly in the United States and Europe. In addition, this segment includes the manufacturing and marketing of specialty products (such as base oils and lubricants), as well as power generation operations.
Marketing
Marketing—United States
In the United States, as of December 31, 2015, we marketed gasoline, diesel and aviation fuel through approximately 8,350 marketer-owned or -supplied outlets in 48 states. These sites utilize the Phillips 66, Conoco or 76 brands.
At December 31, 2015, our wholesale operations utilized a network of marketers operating approximately 6,700 outlets. We have placed a strong emphasis on the wholesale channel of trade because of its lower capital requirements. In addition, we held brand-licensing agreements with approximately 800 sites. Our refined products are marketed on both a branded and unbranded basis. A high percentage of our branded marketing sales are made in the Midcontinent, Rockies and West Coast regions, where our wholesale marketing operations provide efficient off-take from our refineries. We continue to utilize consignment fuels agreements with several marketers whereby we own the fuel inventory and pay the marketers a fixed monthly fee.
In the Gulf Coast and East Coast regions, most sales are conducted via unbranded sales which do not require a highly integrated marketing and distribution infrastructure to secure product placement for refinery pull through. We are expanding our export capability at our U.S. coastal refineries to meet growing international demand and increase flexibility to provide product to the highest-value markets.
In addition to automotive gasoline and diesel, we produce and market jet fuel and aviation gasoline, which is used by smaller piston-engine aircraft. At December 31, 2015, aviation gasoline and jet fuel were sold through dealers and independent marketers at approximately 850 Phillips 66-branded locations in the United States.
Marketing—International
We have marketing operations in five European countries. Our European marketing strategy is to sell primarily through owned, leased or joint venture retail sites using a low-cost, high-volume approach. We use the JET brand name to market retail and wholesale products in Austria, Germany and the United Kingdom. In addition, a joint venture in which we have an equity interest markets products in Switzerland under the Coop brand name.
We also market aviation fuels, LPG, heating oils, transportation fuels, marine bunker fuels, bitumen and fuel coke specialty products to commercial customers and into the bulk or spot markets in the above countries and Ireland.
As of December 31, 2015, we had approximately 1,280 marketing outlets in our European operations, of which approximately 950 were company owned and 330 were dealer owned. In addition, through our joint venture operations in Switzerland, we have interests in 295 additional sites.
Specialties
We manufacture and sell a variety of specialty products, including petroleum coke products, waxes, solvents and polypropylene. Certain manufacturing operations are included in the Refining segment, while the marketing function for these products is included in the Specialties business.
Premium Coke & Polypropylene
We market high-quality graphite and anode-grade petroleum cokes in the United States and Europe for use in the global steel and aluminum industries. We also market polypropylene in North America under the COPYLENE brand name.
Excel Paralubes
We own a 50 percent interest in Excel Paralubes, a joint venture which owns a hydrocracked lubricant base oil manufacturing plant located adjacent to the Lake Charles Refinery. The facility produces approximately 22,000 barrels per day of high-quality, clear hydrocracked base oils.
Lubricants
We manufacture and sell automotive, commercial, industrial and specialty lubricants which are marketed worldwide under the Phillips 66, Conoco, 76, Kendall, Red Line and Smart Blend brands, as well as other private label brands. We also market Group II Pure Performance base oils globally as well as import and market Group III Ultra-S base oils through an agreement with South Korea’s S-Oil corporation.
Other
Power Generation
We own a cogeneration power plant located adjacent to the Sweeny Refinery. The plant generates electricity and provides process steam to the refinery, as well as merchant power into the Texas market. The plant has a net electrical output of 440 megawatts and is capable of generating up to 3.6 million pounds per hour of process steam.
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT
Our Technology organization conducts applied and fundamental research in three areas: 1) support for our current business, 2) new environmental solutions for governmental regulations and 3) future growth. Technology programs include evaluating advantaged crudes, modeling for increased clean product yield, and increasing reliability. Our sustainability group concentrates on alternative and renewable energy, carbon dioxide capture, processing improvements, and product innovation. Another ongoing initiative studies whether fuel cells can be converted to use abundant natural gas, as opposed to hydrogen, to produce electricity. Additionally, we research in the areas of solar panels and water use and quality.
COMPETITION
The Midstream segment, through our equity investment in DCP Midstream and our other operations, competes with numerous integrated petroleum companies, as well as natural gas transmission and distribution companies, to deliver components of natural gas to end users in commodity natural gas markets. DCP Midstream is one of the leading natural gas gatherers and processors in the United States based on wellhead volumes, and one of the largest U.S. producers and marketers of NGL, based on published industry sources. Principal methods of competing include economically securing the right to purchase raw natural gas for gathering systems, managing the pressure of those systems, operating efficient NGL processing plants and securing markets for the products produced.
In the Chemicals segment, CPChem is ranked among the top 10 producers of many of its major product lines, based on average 2015 production capacity, as published by industry sources. Petroleum products, petrochemicals and plastics are typically delivered into the worldwide commodity markets. Our Refining and M&S segments compete primarily in the United States and Europe. Based on the statistics published in the December 7, 2015, issue of the Oil & Gas Journal, we are one of the largest refiners of petroleum products in the United States. Elements of competition for both our Chemicals and Refining segments include product improvement, new product development, low-cost structures, and efficient manufacturing and distribution systems. In the marketing portion of the business, competitive factors include product properties and processibility, reliability of supply, customer service, price and credit terms, advertising and sales promotion, and development of customer loyalty to branded products.
GENERAL
At December 31, 2015, we held a total of 404 active patents in 30 countries worldwide, including 260 active U.S. patents. During 2015, we received 31 patents in the United States and 14 foreign patents. The overall profitability of any business segment is not dependent on any single patent, trademark, license or franchise.
Company-sponsored research and development activities charged against earnings were $65 million, $62 million and $69 million in 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively.
In support of our goal to attain zero incidents, we have implemented a comprehensive Health, Safety and Environmental (HSE) management system to support our business units in achieving consistent management of HSE risks across our enterprise. The management system is designed to ensure that personal safety, process safety, and environmental impact risks are identified and mitigation steps are taken to reduce the risk. The management system requires periodic audits to ensure compliance with government regulations, as well as our internal requirements. Our commitment to continuous improvement is reflected in annual goal setting and performance measurement.
See the environmental information contained in “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Capital Resources and Liquidity—Contingencies” under the captions “Environmental” and “Climate Change.” It includes information on expensed and capitalized environmental costs for 2015 and those expected for 2016 and 2017.
Website Access to SEC Reports
Our Internet website address is http://www.phillips66.com. Information contained on our Internet website is not part of this report on Form 10-K.
Our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K and any amendments to these reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available on our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are filed with, or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Alternatively, you may access these reports at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.