Reddit 10-Q 2024-06-30
Filed 2024-08-07. 8 sections, 443K characters. Original on sec.gov · Markdown · JSON
Cover and table of contents
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One)
| x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2024
OR
| o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from ______ to ______
Commission File Number: 001-41983
Reddit, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 45-2546501 | ||||
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | ||||
| 303 2nd Street, South Tower, 5th Floor San Francisco, California | 94107 | ||||
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
(415) 494-8016
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of each exchange on which registered | ||||||
| Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share | RDDT | New York Stock Exchange | ||||||
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large accelerated filer | o | Accelerated filer | o | |||||||||||
| Non-accelerated filer | x | Smaller reporting company | o | |||||||||||
| Emerging growth company | x |
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x
As of August 5, 2024, the registrant had outstanding 94,955,524 shares of Class A common stock and 70,920,530 shares of Class B common stock, each with a par value of $0.0001.
Table of Contents
NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements about us and our industry that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. All statements other than statements of historical facts contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including statements regarding our strategy, future financial condition, future operations, projected costs, prospects, plans, objectives of management, and expected market growth, are forward-looking statements. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements because they contain words such as “may,” “will,” “shall,” “should,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “could,” “intends,” “target,” “projects,” “contemplates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “predicts,” “potential,” “goal,” “objective,” “seeks,” or “continue,” or the negative of these words or other similar terms or expressions that concern our expectations, strategy, plans, or intentions. Forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q include, but are not limited to, statements about:
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our strategies to increase awareness of Reddit, including through search engine optimization, partnerships, and investment in full-funnel marketing;
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our strategies to increase user growth and engagement;
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our expectations regarding the growth and availability of valuable and appealing user-generated content on our platform;
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our ability to develop new products and services and bring them to market in a timely manner and make enhancements to our platform;
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our ability to implement artificial intelligence and machine learning to increase user growth and engagement and support advertising growth;
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user and advertiser growth strategies in geographies outside of the United States and in languages besides English;
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strategies to increase revenue from new and existing advertisers, including by (i) evolving our service model to more types of advertisers and building deeper advertiser relationships, (ii) providing product opportunities and offerings that
deliver value to our advertisers, and (iii) developing measurements solutions to increase the effectiveness of our advertisers’ return on investment;
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strategies to expand revenue sources from non-advertising sources, including data licensing and our user economy;
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strategies to empower Redditors, including monetization tools for creators and communities;
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our content moderation model relative to complex content ranking algorithms;
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our ability to attract and retain Redditors and their level of engagement;
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the impact of the macroeconomic environment, including as a result of the ongoing conflict between Russia and Ukraine and the recent escalation of Middle East conflict involving Israel, on our business and other uncertainties in the global economy generally;
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our ability to maintain and enhance our brand and reputation;
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our history of losses and expectation to incur continuing losses for the foreseeable future;
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our ability to maintain the security and availability of our platform and protect against data breaches and other security incidents;
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our ability to manage risks associated with our business, in particular, risks related to content on our platform, and our content moderation approach, which depends on users who volunteer to be moderators of their communities;
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potential harm caused by changes in internet search engines’ methodologies, particularly search engine optimization methodologies and policies;
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the size of our addressable markets, market share, and market trends, including our ability to grow our business in the countries we have identified as near-term priorities;
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our ability to attract and retain advertisers and scale our revenue model;
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our ability to develop effective products and tools for advertisers, including measurement tools;
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our ability to compete effectively in our industry;
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our ability to expand and monetize our platform internationally;
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fluctuations in our operating results and seasonality of our business;
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our ability to raise additional capital;
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our ability to receive, collect, transfer, store, use, share, and otherwise process data, including personal information, and compliance with laws, rules, and regulations related to data privacy, protection, and security and content;
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our ability to comply with modified or new laws and regulations applying to our business, and potential harm to our business as a result of those laws and regulations;
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changes in technology or methodology that impact our calculation of DAUq, including our ability to identify automated agents on our platform;
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real or perceived inaccuracies in current or historical metrics related to our business;
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the increased expenses associated with being a public company;
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our ability to effectively manage our growth and expand our infrastructure and maintain our corporate culture;
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our ability to identify, recruit, hire, and retain skilled personnel, including key members of senior management;
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our intention to continue to make investments in talent and our platform infrastructure;
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build out of a self-serve offering (as well as other automation tools) and significant opportunity to increase the number of advertisers on Reddit over time through our self-serve offering as well as with increased sales and marketing resources;
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large and attractive opportunity in the digital advertising market, as well as an attractive offering for both advertisers and users who benefit from the contextual advertising content that our platform provides, and our intention to continue to invest in this area;
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expectation of increased losses and decline in operating margins as we invest in product improvements and innovations and our international growth;
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challenges in increasing ARPU on an absolute basis outside of the United States;
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potential need to absorb the costs related to investments in product improvements and innovations without generating sufficient revenue to offset these costs;
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our opportunity to continue to grow our DAUq in the United States and around the world and our focus on growing our platform globally, including through entering new geographic markets and investing in under-penetrated ones;
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our aim to increase DAUq by scaling internationally, developing products that are more compelling for our users, and improving the quality of our products across all platforms;
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our expectation of an increase in our costs and expenses from the launch of new ad formats, products, and features, primarily as additional hosting costs although most of these areas of focus will not initially generate revenue;
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potential decline in users due to a reduction in third-party applications;
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potential near-term volatility in Redditor and revenue growth rates;
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sufficiency of our existing cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities and amounts available under our revolving credit facility to meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs over at least the next 12 months;
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sales of shares of our Class A common stock by us or our stockholders, including pursuant to exceptions in market standoff or contractual lock-up agreements, or the expiration of the lock-up period in connection with our initial public offering (“IPO”), and the anticipation of such events; and
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other risks and uncertainties described in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including those described in “Risk Factors.”
We caution you that the foregoing list does not contain all of the forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
We have based the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q primarily on our current expectations, estimates, forecasts, and projections about future events and trends that we believe may affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects. Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-looking statement contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we cannot guarantee that the future results, levels of activity, performance, or events and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements will be achieved or occur at all. The outcome of the events described in these forward-looking statements is subject to risks, uncertainties, and other factors described in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks and uncertainties emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict all risks and uncertainties that could have an impact on the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The results, events, and circumstances reflected in the forward-looking statements may not be achieved or occur, and actual results, events, or circumstances could differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements.
The forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q relate only to events as of the date on which the statements are made. We undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements made in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law. We may not actually achieve the plans, intentions, or expectations disclosed in our forward-looking statements, and you should not place undue reliance on our forward-looking statements. Our forward-looking statements do not reflect the potential impact of any future acquisitions, mergers, dispositions, joint ventures, or investments we may make.
NOTE REGARDING USER METRICS AND OTHER DATA
We define a daily active unique (“DAUq”) as a user whom we can identify with a unique identifier who has visited a page on the Reddit website, www.reddit.com, or opened a Reddit application at least once during a 24-hour period. We calculate average DAUq for a particular period by adding the number of DAUq on each day of that period and dividing that sum by the number of days in that period. We define a weekly active unique (“WAUq”) as a user whom we can identify with a unique identifier who has visited a page on the Reddit website, www.reddit.com, or opened a Reddit application at least once during a trailing seven-day period. We calculate average quarterly WAUq for a particular period by adding the number of WAUq on each day of that period and dividing that sum by the number of days in that period. We define average revenue per unique (“ARPU”) as quarterly revenue in a given geography divided by the average DAUq in that geography. For the purposes of calculating ARPU, advertising revenue in a given geography is based on the geographic location in which advertising impressions are delivered, as this approximates revenue based on user activity, while other revenue in a given geography is based on the billing address of the customer.
We regularly review and continually seek to improve the accuracy of, and our ability to track, such metrics. While these metrics are based on what we believe to be reasonable calculations for the applicable period of measurement, there are inherent challenges given the complexity of the systems involved and the rapidly changing nature of mobile devices and systems.
Part I - Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements
Reddit, Inc.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
| June 30, 2024 | December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||
| (unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
| ASSETS | ||||||||||||||
| Current assets: | ||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 467,952 | $ | 401,176 | ||||||||||
| Marketable securities | 1,231,099 | 811,946 | ||||||||||||
| Accounts receivable, net | 240,093 | 245,279 | ||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 41,599 | 21,286 | ||||||||||||
| Total current assets | 1,980,743 | 1,479,687 | ||||||||||||
| Property and equipment, net | 14,168 | 14,946 | ||||||||||||
| Operating lease right-of-use assets, net | 25,107 | 24,008 | ||||||||||||
| Intangible assets, net | 27,772 | 32,147 | ||||||||||||
| Goodwill | 26,299 | 26,299 | ||||||||||||
| Other noncurrent assets | 2,273 | 19,380 | ||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 2,076,362 | $ | 1,596,467 | ||||||||||
| LIABILITIES, CONVERTIBLE PREFERRED STOCK, AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT) | ||||||||||||||
| Current liabilities: | ||||||||||||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 64,329 | $ | 46,514 | ||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | 5,368 | 3,707 | ||||||||||||
| Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 89,818 | 83,349 | ||||||||||||
| Total current liabilities | 159,515 | 133,570 | ||||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities, noncurrent | 22,757 | 22,040 | ||||||||||||
| Other noncurrent liabilities | 255 | 287 | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities | 182,527 | 155,897 | ||||||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies (Note 9) | ||||||||||||||
| Convertible preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share; no and 86,864,781 shares authorized as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; no and 73,021,449 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; aggregate liquidation preference of $0 and $1,847,993 as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | — | 1,853,492 | ||||||||||||
| Stockholders’ equity (deficit): | ||||||||||||||
| Preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share; 100,000,000 and no shares authorized as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share; 2,000,000,000 and 189,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; 62,479,462 and 7,099,700 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | 6 | — | ||||||||||||
| Class B common stock, par value $0.0001 per share; 140,000,000 and 142,000,000 shares authorized as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; 103,154,629 and 53,904,204 shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | 11 | 6 | ||||||||||||
| Class C common stock, par value $0.0001 per share; 100,000,000 and no shares authorized as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively; no shares issued and outstanding as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 | — | — | ||||||||||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 3,196,549 | 302,820 | ||||||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | (1,004) | 814 | ||||||||||||
| Accumulated deficit | (1,301,727) | (716,562) | ||||||||||||
| Total stockholders’ equity (deficit) | 1,893,835 | (412,922) | ||||||||||||
| Total liabilities, convertible preferred stock, and stockholders’ equity (deficit) | $ | 2,076,362 | $ | 1,596,467 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Reddit, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
(unaudited)
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenue | $ | 281,184 | $ | 183,031 | $ | 524,147 | $ | 346,771 | |||||||||||||||
| Costs and expenses: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cost of revenue | 29,501 | 28,836 | 57,117 | 55,699 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Research and development | 142,777 | 109,726 | 579,807 | 218,493 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Sales and marketing | 71,458 | 59,225 | 195,553 | 117,136 | |||||||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 68,487 | 38,233 | 311,964 | 79,034 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total costs and expenses | 312,223 | 236,020 | 1,144,441 | 470,362 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | (31,039) | (52,989) | (620,294) | (123,591) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other income (expense), net | 20,724 | 13,306 | 35,278 | 24,030 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | (10,315) | (39,683) | (585,016) | (99,561) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | (216) | 1,426 | 149 | 2,414 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (10,099) | $ | (41,109) | $ | (585,165) | $ | (101,975) | |||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per share attributable to Class A and Class B common stock, basic and diluted (Note 4) | $ | (0.06) | $ | (0.70) | $ | (4.99) | $ | (1.75) | |||||||||||||||
| Weighted-average shares of Class A and Class B common stock used to compute net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders, basic and diluted | 164,382,736 | 58,508,158 | 117,311,614 | 58,312,538 |
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
Reddit, Inc.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)
(unaudited)
| Three months ended June 30, | Six months ended June 30, | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (10,099) | $ | (41,109) | $ | (585,165) | $ | (101,975) | |||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |
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Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our unaudited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the discussion under the heading “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in our Prospectus. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, and beliefs that involve significant risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to those differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, particularly in “Risk Factors” and “Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.”
Overview of Second Quarter 2024 Results
User Metrics
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Daily Active Uniques (“DAUq”) were 91.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, an increase of 51% year over year
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Average revenue per unique (“ARPU”) was $3.08 for the three months ended June 30, 2024, an increase of 2% year over year
Financial Results
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Revenue was $281.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, an increase of 54% year over year
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Gross margin was 89.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to 84.2% in the three months ended June 30, 2023
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Operating expenses were $282.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024 as compared to $207.2 million in the three months ended June 30, 2023
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Net loss was $10.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to a net loss of $41.1 million in the three months ended June 30, 2023
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Adjusted EBITDA was $39.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $(35.4) million in the three months ended June 30, 2023
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Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities was $28.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $(54.1) million in the three months ended June 30, 2023
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Free Cash Flow was $27.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2024, as compared to $(54.9) million in the three months ended June 30, 2023
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Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities were $1.7 billion as of June 30, 2024
Key Financial and Operating Metrics
We review a number of metrics, including the key metrics discussed below, to evaluate our business, measure our performance, identify trends affecting our business, formulate business plans, and make strategic decisions.
Trends in User Metrics
Daily Active Unique. We define a daily active unique (“DAUq”) as a user whom we can identify with a unique identifier who has visited a page on the Reddit website, www.reddit.com, or opened a Reddit application at least once during a 24-hour period. We calculate average DAUq for a particular period by adding the number of DAUq on each day of that period and dividing that sum by the number of days in that period. DAUq is shown globally and also broken out by the United States and the rest of the world because these markets have different characteristics. Most notably, we are more advanced in engagement and monetization in the United States than in the rest of the world. We measure DAUq because we believe that this metric helps management and investors understand usage of and engagement with our platform. DAUq is the primary metric by which we measure the scale of our active user base.
DAUq includes visits from those who have logged in to a registered account as well as those who have not logged in to—or do not have—a registered account. Visitors that come to Reddit from search engines are generally not logged in and originate from both desktop and mobile web. Currently, monetization of these users is mainly through conversation pages and feed ads. Measuring the number of logged-out visitors is difficult and complex. For example, prior to the first quarter of 2023, a portion of our historical DAUq metric counted views of pages that were hosted using Google’s Accelerated Mobile Page (“AMP”) framework. The accuracy of counting the DAUq attributable to this AMP traffic relied on the accuracy and completeness of information received from Google, which had not been historically complete and consistent. As such, our historical DAUq metrics are not directly comparable quarter over quarter or year over year. To the extent that our metric includes views of pages hosted on third-party infrastructure, like Google’s AMP framework, the accuracy and comparability of our metrics will depend on the accuracy and consistency of the information received from any such third party.
In addition, we monitor logged-in DAUq, which we define as a user whom we can identify with a unique identifier who has visited a page on the Reddit website, www.reddit.com, or opened a Reddit application at least once during a 24-hour period and was logged in to a registered account. We measure logged-in DAUq because these users tend to have higher engagement and spend more time on our platform compared to users who are not logged in to a registered account.
Quarterly Average DAUq
(in millions)

| Total DAUq YoY Growth: | 7% | 7% | 5% | 7% | 15% | 27% | 37% | 51% | ||||||||||||||||||
| Logged-in DAUq YoY Growth: | 20% | 17% | 13% | 14% | 19% | 21% | 27% | 31% |


| Total DAUq YoY Growth: | 2% | 6% | 6% | 9% | 19% | 34% | 45% | 59% | Total DAUq YoY Growth: | 11% | 7% | 4% | 5% | 12% | 21% | 30% | 44% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Logged-in DAUq YoY Growth: | 18% | 15% | 12% | 12% | 16% | 20% | 27% | 32% | Logged-in DAUq YoY Growth: | 21% | 19% | 14% | 16% | 22% | 21% | 28% | 30% |
We assess both year over year and quarter over quarter growth of DAUq in each period.
In the three months ended June 30, 2024, global DAUq grew 51% compared to the prior year period, driven by 59% growth in DAUq in the United States and 44% growth in DAUq in the rest of world. Global DAUq grew 10% compared to the prior quarter period, driven by 10% growth in DAUq in the United States and 11% growth in DAUq in the rest of world. The growth in global DAUq in the three months ended June 30, 2024 compared to the prior year period and prior quarter period was driven mainly by the combination of third-party search engine and al
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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These risks primarily include interest rate risk and foreign currency risk as follows:
Interest Rate Risk
We had cash and cash equivalents of $468.0 million and $401.2 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. We had marketable securities of $1.2 billion and $811.9 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Our cash and cash equivalents consist of cash in bank accounts, money market accounts, and other highly liquid investments with original maturities of 90 days or less from the date of purchase. Marketable securities consist of U.S. and non-U.S. government securities, investment-grade corporate and government agency securities, certificates of deposit, and commercial paper. Our investment policy and strategy are focused on the preservation of capital and supporting our liquidity requirements. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculative purposes. Due to the relatively short-term nature of our investment portfolio, a hypothetical 100 basis point change in interest rates would not have a material effect on the fair value of our portfolio or our consolidated financial statements for the periods presented.
Foreign Currency Risk
For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, the majority of our revenue and operating expenses were denominated in U.S. dollars. We therefore have not had material foreign currency risk associated with sales and cost-based activities. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, our operations outside of the United States were not considered material and our results of operations and cash flows were minimally subject to fluctuations from changes in foreign currency rates. We believe the exposure to foreign currency fluctuation from operating expenses is immaterial at this time as the related costs do not constitute a significant portion of our total expenses. As we grow operations, our exposure to foreign currency risk will likely become more significant. A hypothetical 10% increase or decrease in the relative value of the U.S. dollar to other currencies would not have a material effect on our consolidated financial statements for the periods presented. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and 2023, we did not enter into any foreign currency exchange contracts for purposes of hedging foreign exchange rate fluctuations on our business operations, although we may elect to do so in the future.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)), as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that these disclosure controls and procedures were effective at a reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2024.
Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting identified in connection with the evaluation required by Rule 13a-15(d) and 15d-15(d) of the Exchange Act during the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Limitations on Effectiveness of Controls and Procedures
Our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, believes that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting are designed to provide reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and are effective at the reasonable assurance level. However, the effectiveness of any internal control over financial reporting is subject to inherent limitations, including the exercise of judgment in designing, implementing, operating, and evaluating the controls and procedures, and the inability to eliminate misconduct completely. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. The design of any system of controls is based in part on certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Over time, controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or deterioration in the degree of compliance with policies or procedures. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
Part II - Other Information
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
This information is set forth under Note 9—Commitments and Contingencies—Legal Matters and Indemnifications to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
A description of the risks and uncertainties associated with our business is set forth below. You should carefully consider the risks described below as well as the other information in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, including our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” The occurrence of any of the events or developments described below could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, reputation, and prospects. In such an event, the market price of our Class A common stock could decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment.
Risk Factor Summary
Our business is subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those described more fully below in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The following is a summary of principal risks and uncertainties that could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. This summary should be read in conjunction with the “Risk Factors” section and should not be relied upon as an exhaustive summary of the material risks and uncertainties facing our business.
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If we fail to increase or retain our user base, and in particular, our DAUq, or if user engagement declines, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects will be harmed.
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If Redditors do not continue to contribute content or their contributions are not valuable or appealing to other Redditors, we may experience a decline in the number of Redditors accessing our products and services and in user engagement, which could result in the loss of advertisers and may harm our reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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Our business depends on a strong brand and reputation, and if we are unable to maintain and enhance our brand and reputation, our ability to expand our user and advertiser bases will be impaired and our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects could be harmed.
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Changes in internet search engine algorithms and dynamics could have a negative impact on traffic for our website and, ultimately, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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We have a history of net losses and we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in the future.
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Our results of operations may fluctuate from quarter to quarter, which makes them difficult to predict.
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We are in the early stages of monetizing our business and there is no assurance we will be able to scale our business for future growth.
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We generate a majority of our revenue from advertising. The failure to attract new advertisers, the loss of advertisers, or the reduction of or failure by advertisers to maintain or increase their advertising budgets would adversely affect our business.
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We may not succeed in further expanding and monetizing our platform internationally and may be subject to increased international business and economic risks.
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We are exploring business opportunities in licensing data, but we are in the early stages and the market is new and evolving rapidly.
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Our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects may be harmed by our failure to timely and effectively scale and adapt our existing technology and infrastructure.
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We anticipate that our ongoing efforts related to data privacy, safety, security, and content review will identify instances of misuse of user data or other undesirable activity by third parties on our platform.
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If our security measures are breached, or if our products and services are subject to attacks involving our systems or data, some of which contain personal information, or that degrade or deny the ability of users to access our products and services, our products and services may be perceived as not being secure, Redditors and advertisers may curtail or stop using our products and services, and our reputation, business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects could be harmed.
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Redditor growth and engagement depends upon effective interoperation with operating systems, networks, devices, web browsers, online application stores, regulations, and standards that we do not control. Changes in our products or to those operating systems, networks, devices, web browsers, online application stores, regulations, or standards may harm Redditor retention, growth, and engagement, which could harm our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects.
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Our business is subject to increasingly complex and evolving laws, rules, regulations, industry standards, and other legal obligations regarding content, consumer protection, competition, privacy, and other matters. Failure to comply with such laws, rules, regulations, industry standards, and other legal obligations could harm our business.
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Interest in our Class A common stock from retail and other individual investors, for reasons unrelated to our underlying business or macro or industry fundamentals, could result in increased volatility in the market price of our Class A common stock.
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The multi-class structure of our common stock has the effect of concentrating voting control with those stockholders who held our capital stock prior to the listing of our Class A common stock on the NYSE, including our directors, executive officers, and 5% stockholders, and their respective affiliates. This ownership will limit or preclude your ability to influence corporate matters, including the election of directors, amendments of our organizational documents, and any major corporate transaction requiring stockholder approval, including change of control transactions.
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Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and the governance agreement we entered into with our principal stockholder grant our principal stockholder certain rights with respect to the control and management of our business, which may prevent us from taking actions that may be beneficial to us and our other stockholders.
Risks Related to Our Business
If we fail to increase or retain our user base, and in particular, our DAUq, or if user engagement declines, our business, results of operations, financial condition, and prospects will be harmed.
The size of our user base and their level of engagement are critical to our success. Our financial performance has been, and will continue to be, significantly determined by our success in growing our user base so that we add Redditors, and those Redditors become more active users—more specifically, daily active uniques (“DAUq”). We define a user whom we can identify with a unique identifier who has visited a page on the Reddit website, www.reddit.com, or opened a Reddit application at least once during a 24-hour period as a DAUq. DAUq is a user metric utilized by our management team. While it may be used to gauge usage of our platform, it may not correlate to revenue. We also measure weekly active uniques (“WAUq”) to help us understand the reach of our platform. We may not be successful in our strategies to convert monthly users or WAUq into more DAUq.
If our platform is not perceived to be high-quality, relevant, reliable, trustworthy, or innovative, we may not be able to attract or retain Redditors or otherwise maintain or increase the frequency and duration of their engagement. In addition, in order to grow, we need to penetrate additional demographics. We may not be able to increase the number of Redditors in other demographics, and as a result, our user base may not grow.
Additionally, the absolute number of our DAUq and our DAUq growth rate has decreased in the past and may fluctuate or decrease in one or more markets from time to time due to various factors, especially after periods of high growth, such as we have experienced recently. For example, although we saw increased growth in our user b
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Item 5. Other Information
Rule 10b5-1 Trading Plans
Our directors and “officers” (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) under the Exchange Act) may from time to time enter into plans for the purchase or sale of our securities that are intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Exchange Act (“Rule 10b5-1(c)”). During the three months ended June 30, 2024, none of our directors or officers adopted, modified, or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408(a) of Regulation S-K, except as follows:
On May 21, 2024, our Chief Executive Officer and Director, Steven Huffman, individually and through a trust for which he is a trustee, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to 1,564,489 shares of our Class A common stock. The trading plan will terminate at the earlier of the execution of all trading orders pursuant to the plan or August 16, 2025. Mr. Huffman has informed Reddit that he primarily intends to use the proceeds from sales under the trading plan to cover taxes due upon the exercise of expiring stock options for Reddit stock.
On May 21, 2024, our Chief Operating Officer, Jennifer Wong, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to 450,000 shares of our Class A common stock. The trading plan will terminate at the earlier of the execution of all trading orders pursuant to the plan or August 16, 2025.
On May 21, 2024, our Chief Technology Officer, Christopher Slowe, individually and through a trust for which he is a trustee, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to 232,068 shares of our Class A common stock. The trading plan will terminate at the earlier of the execution of all trading orders pursuant to the plan or August 20, 2025.
On May 21, 2024, our Chief Legal Officer, Benjamin Lee, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to (i) 28,289 shares of our Class A common stock and (ii) the number of shares of our Class A common stock Mr. Lee will receive following the vesting of certain restricted stock unit awards and the satisfaction of tax obligations in connection with such vesting. The number of shares to be sold pursuant to the trading plan is dependent on the tax obligation incurred in connection with the vesting of these restricted stock unit awards and, therefore, is indeterminable at this time, but in no event will exceed an aggregate of 65,840 shares of our Class A common stock. The trading plan will terminate at the earlier of the execution of all trading orders pursuant to the plan or February 10, 2025.
On May 21, 2024, our Chief Accounting Officer, Michelle Reynolds, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to 20,000 shares of our Class A common stock. The trading plan will terminate at the earlier of the execution of all trading orders pursuant to the plan or February 8, 2025.
On June 13, 2024, our Chief Financial Officer, Andrew Vollero, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) for the sale of up to 100,000 shares of our Class A common stock. The trading plan will terminate at the earlier of the execution of all trading orders pursuant to the plan or February 28, 2025.
No shares of our Class A common stock may be sold under these Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangements prior to the expiration of the Lock-up Period.
Item 6. Exhibits
| Exhibit Number | Exhibit Description | Incorporated by Reference | Filed Herewith | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Form | Filing Date | Number | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3.1 | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation | 8-K | 3/25/2024 | 3.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 3.2 | Amended and Restated Bylaws | 8-K | 3/25/2024 | 3.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4.1 | Reference is made to Exhibits 3.1 and 3.2 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4.2 | Form of Class A Common Stock Certificate | S-1/A | 3/11/2024 | 4.2 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4.3 | Form of Class B Common Stock Certificate | S-8 | 3/21/2024 | 4.6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 4.4 | Amended and Restated Investors’ Rights Agreement, dated September 1, 2021, by and among the Registrant and the investors listed therein | S-1 | 2/22/2024 | 10.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.1 | Certification of Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 31.2 | Certification of Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 32.1 | Certifications of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.SCH | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.CAL | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.DEF | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.LAB | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 101.PRE | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document | X | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 104.0 | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document) | X |
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
| REDDIT, INC. | ||||||||
| Dated: August 6, 2024 | By: | /s/ Andrew Vollero | ||||||
| Name: | Andrew Vollero | |||||||
| Title: | Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |