SBA Communications 10-K 2025-12-31

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

xANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31**, 2025**

OR

¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from ___________ to ___________

Commission file number: 001-16853

SBA COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (561) 995-7670

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ¨ No x

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

If an emerging growth company, indicate by checkmark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act) Yes ¨ No x

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the Registrant was approximately $25.1 billion as of June 30, 2025.

The number of shares outstanding of the Registrant’s common stock (as of February 17, 2026): Class A common stock — 105,788,592.

Documents Incorporated By Reference

Portions of the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement for its 2026 annual meeting of shareholders, which proxy statement will be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the Registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, are hereby incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Table of Contents

General

We are a leading independent owner and operator of wireless communications infrastructure, including tower structures, rooftops, and other structures that support antennas used for wireless communications, which we collectively refer to as “towers” or “sites.” Our principal operations are in the United States and its territories. In addition, we own and operate towers in South America, Central America, and Africa. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we sold all of our towers and ended our operations in both the Philippines and Colombia and sold substantially all of our operations in Canada. Our primary business line is our site leasing business, which contributed 97.9% of our total segment operating profit for the year ended December 31, 2025. In our site leasing business, we (1) lease space to wireless service providers and other customers on assets that we own or operate and (2) manage rooftop and tower sites for property owners under various contractual arrangements. As of December 31, 2025, we owned 46,328 towers, a substantial portion of which have been built by us or built by other tower owners or operators who, like us, have built such towers to lease space to multiple wireless service providers. Our other business line is our site development business, through which we assist wireless service providers in developing and maintaining their own wireless service networks.

Business Strategy

Our primary strategy is to continue to focus on expanding our site leasing business through organic growth and expansion of our tower portfolio to create shareholder value. We believe that the long-term and repetitive nature of our site leasing business will permit us to maintain a stable, recurring cash flow stream and reduce our exposure to cyclical changes in customer spending which arises in our site development business. We believe that our tower operations are highly scalable. Consequently, we believe that we are able to materially increase our domestic and international tower portfolio without proportionately increasing selling, general, and administrative expenses. Key elements of our strategy include:

Organic Growth.

Maximizing our Tower Capacity. We generally have constructed or acquired towers that accommodate multiple tenants and a majority of our towers are high-capacity tower structures. Most of our towers have significant capacity available for additional antennas, and we believe that increased use of our towers’ structural capacity can generate additional lease revenue and be achieved at a low incremental cost. We measure the available capacity of our existing sites to support additional tenants by assessing several factors, including tower height, tower type, wind loading, environmental conditions, existing equipment on the tower and zoning and permitting regulations in effect in the jurisdiction where the tower is located. We actively market space on our towers through our internal sales force. As of December 31, 2025, we had an average of 1.8 tenants per site.

Capitalizing on our Scale and Management Experience. We are a large owner, operator, and developer of towers, with substantial capital, human capital, and operating resources. We have been developing towers for wireless service providers in the U.S. since 1989 and have owned and operated towers for ourselves since 1997. We believe our size, experience, capabilities, and resources make us a preferred partner for wireless service providers both in the U.S. and internationally. Our management team has extensive experience in site leasing and site development, with some of the longest tenures in the tower and site development industries. We believe that our industry expertise and strong relationships with wireless service providers will permit us to achieve long-term growth in our site leasing and site development services.

Systematic Tower Portfolio Growth. We intend to continue to grow our tower portfolio, domestically and internationally, through tower acquisitions and the construction of new tower structures. We believe that one of the best uses of our liquidity, including cash from operating activities and borrowings, is to acquire and/or build new towers at prices that we believe will be accretive to our shareholders both in the short and long term and which allow us to maintain our long-term target leverage ratios.

Disciplined Domestic and International Tower Acquisitions. In our tower acquisition program, we pursue towers from third parties that meet or exceed our internal guidelines regarding current and future potential returns. For each acquisition, we prepare various analyses that include projections of several different investment return metrics, review of available capacity, future lease up projections, and a summary of current and future tenant/technology mix. For example, during the year ended December 31, 2025, we purchased over 7,000 sites from Millicom International Cellular S.A. (“Millicom”) throughout Central America. This transaction supports our desire to secure our position as a leader in our international markets and align ourselves with the leading carriers in such markets.

Strategic New Builds. We believe strategic new builds can contribute to profitable growth, particularly in our international markets. In our new build program, we construct tower structures (1) under build-to-suit arrangements or (2) in locations that are strategically chosen by us. Under build-to-suit arrangements, we build tower structures for wireless service providers at locations that they have identified. Under these arrangements, we retain ownership of the tower structure and

the exclusive right to co-locate additional tenants. When we construct tower structures in locations chosen by us, we utilize our knowledge of our customers’ network requirements to identify locations where we believe multiple wireless service providers need, or will need, to locate antennas to meet capacity or service demands. We generally will have at least one signed tenant lease for each new build tower structure on the day that it is completed and expect that some will have multiple tenants. As part of the Millicom transaction, we have agreed to a seven-year exclusivity right for us to build up to 2,500 build-to-suit sites in Central America with each site built having an initial lease term of 15 years.

International Market Maximization. We are focused on maximizing our site leasing services and profitability in international markets, such as Central America, that meet our investment criteria and where we believe we have, or have the ability to achieve, scale. Our investment criteria focuses on the quality and quantity of wireless service providers in a given country as well as the country’s political and regulatory environments. The majority of our international markets typically have less mature wireless networks with limited wireline infrastructure and lower wireless data penetration rates than those in the United States. Accordingly, our tower growth in these markets is primarily driven by (1) wireless service providers seeking to increase the quality and coverage of their networks, (2) increased consumer mobile data traffic, such as media streaming, mobile apps and games, web browsing, and email, and (3) incremental spectrum auctions as well as incremental voice and data network deployments. We continually evaluate how a particular market meets our long-term strategic and financial objectives and our business generally. For example, we ended our operations and/or sold all of our towers in Colombia and the Philippines and sold substantially all of our operations in Canada.

Using our Local Presence to Build Strong Relationships with Major Wireless Service Providers. Given the nature of towers as location-specific communications facilities, we believe that substantially all of what we do is done best locally. Consequently, we have broad field organizations across the U.S. and in our international markets that allow us to develop and capitalize on our experience, expertise, and relationships in each of our local markets which in turn enhances our customer relationships. Due to our presence in local markets, we believe we are well positioned to proactively grow and defend our site leasing business and to capture new tower build opportunities in our markets and identify and participate in site development projects across our markets.

Controlling our Underlying Land Positions. We believe that a primary component of a strong site leasing business is the ability to control the underlying land positions. Consequently, we have acquired perpetual easements, long-term leases, or other property interests for the land that underlies our tower structures and intend to continue to do so to the extent available at commercially reasonable prices. We believe that these perpetual easements, long-term leases, and other property interests will increase our margins, improve our cash flow from operations, and minimize our exposure to increases in rents for property interests in the future. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 71% of our tower structures were located on land that we own or control for more than 20 years and the average remaining life under our ground leases and other property interests, including renewal options under our control, was 35 years. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 14.5% of our tower structures had ground leases or other property interests maturing in the next 10 years.

Exploring Opportunities in Evolving Technologies and Ancillary Services. In addition to our traditional tower-related services, we continue to explore ancillary services and evolving technologies that we believe will allow us to create additional value by leveraging our current assets, capabilities, and relationships with wireless and other telecommunications and internet service providers and others by expanding SBA’s business within the growing communications ecosystem. This includes supporting efforts for edge data centers, fiber aggregation and regeneration huts, satellite ground stations, and private networks utilizing cellular and Wi-Fi technologies. For example, we are exploring ways to participate in edge computing infrastructure to support existing and future customers’ increasing need to deploy computing capabilities to locations closer to their end users, such as regional data centers and smaller local data centers located at the base of our towers. SBA currently owns two regional data centers in the U.S. and one regional data center in Brazil, as well as tower-based data centers, which were acquired as part of our broader efforts to learn and evaluate developing technologies. With regard to open-access networks, SBA works with real estate developers in deploying networks that are accessible throughout a community’s various common areas and resident amenities. We have also partnered with carriers and high-traffic consumer retailers in developing systems for the offloading of data to wireless networks.

Industry Developments

We believe that growing wireless data traffic will require wireless service providers to continue to increase the capacity of their networks, and we believe that continued capacity increases will require our customers to install equipment at new sites and add new equipment at existing sites. We expect that the wireless communications industry will continue to experience growth as a result of the following trends:

Consumers are increasing their demand for wireless connectivity due to the adoption of bandwidth-intensive wireless data applications, such as high-definition streaming, generative artificial intelligence, banking, gaming, social networking, enhanced web browsing, and machine-to-machine applications. According to a report published by Ericsson in November

2025, global total mobile network traffic was estimated to reach around 197 exabytes per month by the end of 2025 and is projected to grow by a factor of 1.4x to reach 482 exabytes per month in 2031.

The velocity of spectrum development is expected to remain dynamic as carriers continue to deploy new bands and optimize bands that are currently in service, both of which activities we expect will require carriers to install equipment at new sites and add new equipment at existing sites. For example, past and future spectrum auctions, such as Auction 108, Auction 110 and Auction 113 in the U.S. are expected to continue to contribute to growth in the upcoming years. In addition, the continued deployment of 5G wireless technologies is expected to increase equipment installation at existing sites and may increase the need for new sites.

Consumers list network quality as a key contributor when terminating or changing service. To remain competitive and to decrease subscriber churn rates, wireless carriers have made substantial capital investments into their wireless networks to improve service quality and expand coverage. We expect wireless carriers to continue to expend capital to differentiate their product offerings. In addition, increased use of artificial intelligence and emerging high-performance applications may drive increased need for reliable, secure, and interconnected wireless solutions.

We believe that the worldwide wireless industry will continue to grow and is reasonably well-capitalized, highly competitive and focused on quality and advanced services; therefore, we expect that we will see a multi-year trend of additional demand for tower space from our customers, which we believe will translate into steady leasing growth for us.

Our Businesses

Site Leasing Services

Our primary focus is the leasing of antenna space on our multi-tenant towers to a variety of wireless service providers under long-term lease contracts in the United States, South America, Central America, and Africa. We derive site leasing revenues primarily from wireless service provider tenants. Wireless service providers enter into (1) individual tenant site leases with us, each of which relates to the lease or use of space at an individual site or (2) master lease agreements (“MLAs”) with us, which provide for the material terms and conditions that will apply to multiple sites; although, in most cases, each individual site under an MLA is also governed by its own site leasing agreement which sets forth pricing and other site specific terms. Our site leasing business generates substantially all of our total segment operating profit, representing 97.4% or more of our total segment operating profit for the past three fiscal years. Our site leasing business is classified into two reportable segments, domestic site leasing and international site leasing.

Domestic Site Leasing

As of December 31, 2025, we owned 17,394 sites in the United States and its territories. For the year ended December 31, 2025, we generated 72.6% of our total site leasing revenue from these sites. We derive domestic site leasing revenues primarily from T-Mobile, AT&T Wireless, and Verizon Wireless. In the United States, our tenant leases are generally for an initial term of five years to ten years with multiple renewal periods at the option of the tenant. These tenant leases typically contain specific annual rent escalators, including renewal option periods. Our ground leases and other property interests in the United States are generally for an initial term of five years or more with multiple renewal periods, which are at our option, and provide for specific annual rent escalators. As of December 31, 2025, no U.S. state or territory accounted for more than 10% of our total tower portfolio by tower count, and no U.S. state or territory accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025.

International Site Leasing

We currently own and operate towers in 12 international markets throughout South America, Central America, and Africa. As of December 31, 2025, we owned 28,934 sites in our international markets, of which approximately 30% and 10% of our total towers are located in Brazil and Guatemala, respectively, and no other international market (each country is considered a market) represented more than 5% of our total towers. Our operations in our international markets are primarily in the site leasing business, and we continue to focus on growing our international site leasing business through the acquisition and development of towers and organic growth.

We derive international site leasing revenues from all the major carriers in each of the 12 countries in which we operate. Our tenant leases are generally for an initial term of five years to fifteen years with multiple renewal periods at the option of the tenant. Our tenant leases typically either (1) contain specific annual rent escalators, (2) escalate annually in accordance with an inflationary index, or (3) escalate using a combination of fixed and inflation adjusted escalators. In addition, our international site leases may include pass-through charges, such as rent related to ground leases and other property interests, utilities, property taxes, and fuel.

In our international markets, ground leases and other property interests are generally for an initial term of five years or more with multiple renewal periods, which are at our option. Our ground leases typically either (1) contain specific annual rent escalators or (2) escalate annually in accordance with an inflationary index.

In Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama, substantially all of our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures arising from our activities are denominated in U.S. dollars. Specifically, most of our ground leases and other property interests, tenant leases, and tower-related expenses are paid in U.S. dollars. In most of our Central American markets, our local currency obligations are principally limited to (1) permitting and other local fees, (2) utilities, and (3) taxes. In Brazil, Chile, and South Africa, substantially all of our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures, including tenant leases, ground leases and other property interests, and other tower-related expenses are denominated in local currency. In Costa Rica, Peru, and Tanzania, our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures, including tenant leases, ground leases and other property interests, and other tower-related expenses are denominated in a mix of local currency and U.S. dollars.

Site Development Services

Our site development business, which is conducted in the United States only, is complementary to our site leasing business and provides us the ability to keep in close contact with the wireless service providers who generate substantially all of our site leasing revenue and to capture ancillary revenues that are generated by our site leasing activities, such as antenna and equipment installation at our tower locations. Site development services revenues are earned primarily from providing a full range of end-to-end services to wireless service providers or companies providing development or project management services to wireless service providers. Our services include: (1) network pre-design; (2) site audits; (3) identification of potential locations for towers and antennas on existing infrastructure; (4) support in leasing of the location; (5) assistance in obtaining zoning approvals and permits; (6) tower and related site construction; (7) antenna installation; and (8) radio equipment installation, commissioning, and maintenance. We provide site development services at our towers and at towers owned by others on a local basis through regional, market, and project offices. The market offices are responsible for all site development operations.

Customers

We depend on a relatively small number of customers for our site leasing and site development revenues. The following customers represented at least 10% of our total revenues during the last three years:

In addition to the Big 3 wireless carriers (T-Mobile, AT&T Wireless, Verizon Wireless), we also provided services or leased space to a number of other customers during 2025 including:

Sales and Marketing

Our sales and marketing goals are to:

use existing relationships and develop new relationships with wireless service providers to lease antenna space on and sell related services with respect to our owned towers or managed properties, enabling us to grow our site leasing business; and

successfully bid and win those site development services contracts that will contribute to our operating margins and/or provide a financial or strategic benefit to our site leasing business.

We approach sales on a company-wide basis, involving many of our employees. We have a dedicated sales force that is supplemented by members of our management team to sell our services and cultivate customer relationships. Our strategy is to delegate sales efforts by geographic region or to those employees of ours who have the best relationships with our customers. Most wireless service providers have national corporate headquarters with regional and local offices. We believe that wireless service providers make most decisions for site development and site leasing services at the regional and local levels with input from their

corporate headquarters. Our sales representatives work with wireless service provider representatives at the regional and local levels and at the national level when appropriate. Our sales staff’s compensation is heavily weighted to incentive-based goals and measurements.

Competition

Domestic Site Leasing – In the U.S., our primary competitors for our site leasing activities are (1) large independent tower companies including American Tower Corporation and Crown Castle International; (2) a number of regional independent tower owners; (3) wireless service providers that own and operate their own towers and lease, or may in the future decide to lease, antenna space to other providers; (4) owners and operators of alternative facilities such as rooftops, outdoor and indoor distributed antenna system (“DAS”) networks, billboards, utility poles, and electric transmission towers; and (5) owners and operators of alternative wireless technology systems and architectures.

International Site Leasing – Internationally, our competition consists of wireless service providers that own and operate their own tower networks, large multinational, national, and regional independent tower companies, and alternative facilities such as rooftop, outdoor and indoor networks, billboards, utility poles, and electric transmission towers.

We believe that tower location and capacity, quality of service, density within a geographic market, and price historically have been, and will continue to be, the most significant competitive factors affecting the domestic and international site leasing business.

Site Development – The site development business is competitive and price sensitive. We believe that the majority of our competitors in the U.S. site development business operate within local region and market areas, while some firms offer their services nationally. The market includes participants from a variety of market segments offering individual, or combinations of, competing services. The field of competitors includes site development companies, zoning consultants, real estate firms, wireless construction companies, tower owners, telecommunications equipment vendors, which provide end-to-end site development services through multiple subcontractors, and wireless service providers’ internal staff. We believe that providers base their decisions for site development services on a number of criteria, including company experience, price, track record, local reputation, geographic reach, and time for completion of a project.

Human Capital

Our corporate offices are located in Boca Raton, Florida. We also have employees located in our international, regional, and local offices. As of December 31, 2025, we had 1,844 employees of which 663 were based outside of the U.S. and its territories.

Talent Management. We recognize the value of attracting, developing, engaging, and retaining our talent. We invest in our employees’ professional growth and development by providing resources and opportunities to develop their skills and expand their expertise. We pride ourselves on our ownership mindset, agility and team spirit and provide customer service with quality and integrity. We are committed to building a pipeline of future business leaders by recruiting and retaining talent from the communities and markets we serve.

Health and Safety*.* At SBA, providing a safe and healthy work environment for the protection of our employees is paramount. The safety of our tower technicians has been a critical focus of the company since our founding. In 2013, we opened our central training facility "Tower U" which provides a rigorous safety certification program that is required for our tower technicians. We are proud that our average lost-day incident rate in the U.S. (days away from work due to workplace incidents) for 2025 was below the 2024 Bureau of Labor benchmark.

Regulatory and Environmental Matters

Federal Regulations. In the U.S., which accounted for 72.6% of our total site leasing revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025, both the Federal Communications Commission (the “FCC”) and the Federal Aviation Administration (the “FAA”) regulate towers. Many FAA requirements are implemented in FCC regulations. These regulations govern the construction, lighting, and painting or other marking of towers, as well as the maintenance, inspection, and record keeping related to towers, and may, depending on the characteristics of particular towers, require prior approval and registration of towers before they may be constructed, altered, or used. Wireless communications equipment and radio or television stations antennas operating on towers are separately regulated and may require independent customer licensing depending upon the particular frequency or frequency band used. In addition, any applicant for an FCC tower structure registration (through the FCC’s Antenna Structure Registration System) must certify that, consistent with the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988, neither the applicant nor its principals are subject to a denial of federal benefits

because of a conviction for the possession or distribution of a controlled substance. New tower construction also requires approval from the state or local governing authority for the proposed site, compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act (“NEPA”), compliance with the National Historic Preservation Act (“NHPA”), compliance with the Endangered Species Act (“ESA”), and may require notification to the FAA and registration with the FCC.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Communications Act of 1934, as amended, the FCC, in conjunction with the FAA, has developed standards to consider proposals involving new or modified towers. These standards mandate that the FCC and the FAA consider the height of the proposed tower, the relationship of the tower to existing natural or man-made obstructions, and the proximity of the tower to runways and airports. Proposals to construct or to modify existing towers above certain heights must be reviewed by the FAA to ensure the structure will not present a hazard to air navigation. The FAA may condition its issuance of a no-hazard determination upon compliance with specified lighting and/or painting requirements. Towers that meet certain height and location criteria must also be registered with the FCC. A tower that requires FAA clearance will not be registered with the FCC until it is cleared by the FAA. The FCC’s Antenna Structure Registration (ASR) will include any FAA required lighting and/or painting. Owners of wireless communications towers have an obligation to maintain painting and lighting or other marking in conformance with FAA and FCC regulations. While the FCC requires owners to register and exercise primary responsibility for painting and lighting of antenna structures meeting the registration criteria, licensees, and permittees, collocated on the tower or antenna structure, are also responsible to ensure that the structure maintains all FAA and FCC painting and lighting requirements.

Owners and operators of towers may be subject to, and therefore must comply with, environmental laws, including NEPA, NHPA, and ESA (as discussed below).

We generally indemnify our customers against any failure to comply with legal and regulatory compliance requirements applicable to tower owners or operators relating to the construction, modification, or placement of towers. Failure to comply with the applicable requirements may lead to civil penalties.

The Telecommunications Act of 1996 amended the Communications Act of 1934 by preserving state and local zoning authorities’ jurisdiction over the construction, modification, and placement of towers. The law, however, limits local zoning authority by prohibiting any action that would discriminate among different providers of personal wireless services or ban altogether the construction, modification, or placement of radio communication towers. Finally, the Telecommunications Act of 1996 and the FCC’s rules implementing that Act require the federal government to help licensees for wireless communications services gain access to preferred sites on federal property for their facilities. This may require that federal agencies and departments work directly with licensees to make federal property available for tower facilities.

Operators of towers must also take into consideration certain radio frequency (“RF”) emissions regulations that impose a variety of procedural and operating requirements. Certain proposals to operate wireless communications and radio or television stations from tower structures are also reviewed by the FCC to ensure compliance with requirements relating to human exposure to RF emissions.

Environmental Regulation. As an owner and operator of real property, we are subject to certain environmental laws that impose strict, joint and several liability for the cleanup of on-site or off-site contamination and related personal injury or property damage. In order to comply with certain environmental laws that govern tower placement and may require pre-construction environmental studies, we evaluate potential environmental impacts of tower site locations with respect to (1) wilderness areas or wildlife preserves, (2) threatened and endangered species or their habitats, (3) the National Register of Historic Places or Indian religious and cultural sites, (4) World Heritage areas and International Union for Conservation of Nature Category I-IV protected areas, (5) floodplains, (6) the necessity to make significant changes in surface features (e.g., in wetlands, water diversions, considerable ground disturbance, deforestation), (7) migratory birds if the towers are over 450 feet, (8) high-intensity lighting in a residential area, (9) RF radiation over FCC-established limits, and (10) similar considerations under the laws or best practices of our international markets. When a tower site is impacted by any of the listed categories, we complete an environmental assessment and obtain necessary approval from the appropriate regulatory agency, which may include steps to mitigate the impact of construction or operation of the site. Our regional site managers regularly inspect our tower sites and report on any environmental or compliance issues.

We believe that we are in substantial compliance with and we have no material liability under any applicable environmental laws. These costs of compliance with existing or future environmental laws and liability related thereto may have a material adverse effect on our prospects, financial condition, or results of operations.

State and Local Regulations. Most states regulate certain aspects of real estate acquisition, leasing activities, and construction activities. Where required, we conduct the site acquisition portions of our site development services business through licensed real

estate brokers’ agents, who may be our employees or hired as independent contractors, and conduct the construction portions of our site development services through licensed contractors, who may be our employees or independent contractors. Local regulations include city and other local ordinances, zoning restrictions, and restrictive covenants imposed by community developers. These regulations vary greatly from jurisdiction to jurisdiction, but typically require tower owners to obtain approval from local officials or community standards organizations, or certain other entities prior to tower construction and establish regulations regarding maintenance and removal of towers. FCC rules establish presumptively reasonable time periods for state and local authorities to act on applications to collocate a facility or deploy a facility, such as a tower. In addition, many local zoning authorities require tower owners to post bonds or cash collateral to secure their removal obligations.

International Regulations. Regulatory regimes outside of the U.S. and its territories vary by country and locality; however, these regulations typically require tower owners and/or licensees to obtain approval from local officials or government agencies prior to tower construction or modification or the addition of a new antenna to an existing tower. Additionally, some regulations include ongoing obligations regarding painting, lighting, and maintenance. Our international operations may also be subject to limitations on foreign ownership of land in certain areas. Based on our experience to date, these regimes have been similar to, but not more rigorous, burdensome, or comprehensive than, those in the U.S. Non-compliance with such regulations may lead to monetary penalties or deconstruction orders. Our international operations are also subject to various regulations and guidelines regarding employee relations and other occupational health and safety matters. As we expand our operations into additional international geographic areas, we will be subject to regulations in these jurisdictions.

Availability of Reports and Other Information

SBA Communications Corporation was incorporated in the State of Florida in March 1997 and is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for federal income tax purposes. Our corporate website is www.sbasite.com. We make available, free of charge, access to our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A and amendments to those materials filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), on our website under “Investors – SEC Filings,” as soon as reasonably practicable after we file electronically such material with, or furnish it to, the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”).

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Risks Related to Our Business

We depend on a relatively small number of customers for most of our revenue, and the loss or financial instability of any of our significant customers may materially decrease our revenue and adversely affect our financial condition.

We derive a significant portion of our revenue from a small number of customers. In the United States and in most of our international markets, there are only two to three primary wireless carriers. Consequently, a reduction in demand for site leasing, reduced future capital expenditures or operating expenses on the networks, or the loss, as a result of bankruptcy, merger with other customers of ours or otherwise, of any of our largest customers could materially decrease our revenue and have an adverse effect on our growth. Furthermore, while many of our tenants in our international markets are subsidiaries of global telecommunications companies, these subsidiaries may not have the explicit or implied financial support of their parent entities, which may impact their creditworthiness. Our growth projections are based on our beliefs regarding future revenue from these customers, and such projections could be adversely affected by the loss, consolidation, or financial instability of these customers.

We derive revenue through numerous site leasing and site development contracts. In the United States and our international markets, each site leasing contract relates to the lease of space at an individual tower and is generally for an initial term of five years to fifteen years with multiple renewal periods at the option of the tenant. However, if any of our significant site leasing customers were to experience financial difficulty, substantially reduce their capital expenditures or reduce their dependence on leased tower space on our sites and fail to renew their leases with us, our revenues, future revenue growth, and results of operations would be adversely affected.

Our site development customers engage us on a project-by-project basis, and a customer can generally terminate an assignment at any time without penalty. In addition, a customer’s need for site development services can decrease, and we may not be successful in establishing relationships with new customers. Furthermore, our existing customers may not continue to engage us for additional projects.

Recently, the U.S. wireless service provider market has reduced to three nationwide wireless service providers, AT&T Wireless, T-Mobile, and Verizon Wireless, and our dependence on these three wireless service providers for our financial and operational growth has been exacerbated.

The following is a list of significant customers (representing at least 10% of revenue in any of the last three years) and the percentage of our total revenues for the specified time periods derived from these customers:

We also have customer concentrations with respect to revenues in each of our financial reporting segments:

(1)The increase in site leasing revenue derived from Tigo was due to the sites purchased from Millicom during the year ended December 31, 2025.

The wireless industry in our international markets has come under competition in recent years which has, and may continue to, adversely affect our international site leasing activities in the near term.

In recent years, the wireless industry in our international markets has come under competitive pressures arising from an increase in the number of industry participants (both wireless service providers and tower owners), increased cost of capital and capital expenditure requirements, declining discretionary income and changing technology requirements. These pressures have resulted, and may continue to result, in increases in consolidation of wireless service providers, financial instability of wireless service providers, increased pricing pressures on tower operators and the termination or non-renewal of site leasing agreements. We expect that the impact of these competitive pressures will continue in the near term as the industry begins to rebalance and as a result, we expect approximately $36.0 million to $40.0 million of churn for the 2026 fiscal year. If we are unable to manage the short-term impact of these competitive pressures or if the competitive dynamics within our international markets do not stabilize in the foreseeable future, it could have a material and adverse effect on our international site leasing revenue, our future growth, and our business.

If our wireless service provider customers are unable to access sufficient capital, or unwilling based on the economic cost of such capital or other reasons, to invest in their infrastructure or spectrum, it could reduce our ability to meet our growth expectations.

Each wireless service provider must have substantial capital resources and capabilities to deploy new spectrum in their wireless networks, including licenses for spectrum. Increasing interest rates have impacted, and are expected to continue to impact, the ability and willingness of wireless service providers to incur capital expenditures at historic levels to expand their networks, which would adversely affect our future revenue growth rates. For example, certain providers have been, and may in the future be, financially constrained and as a result, may not currently invest in their wireless networks or deploy new spectrum. Higher interest rates increase the economic cost of available capital and may make it less favorable for wireless service providers to obtain capital for investment. If some or all of our wireless service provider customers, or potential customers, are unable to access sufficient capital, or unwilling based on the economic cost of such capital, to invest in the expansion of their networks, it could adversely affect our revenue growth. Wireless capital expenditures may also be adversely impacted by service provider decisions on debt levels, dividends, free cash flow goals, and a variety of other factors.

If our wireless service provider customers combine their operations to a significant degree, our future operating results could be adversely affected.

Our international, and, to

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Risk Management & Strategy

A cybersecurity threat is any potential unauthorized occurrence, on or conducted through, our information systems that may result in adverse effects on the confidentiality, integrity or availability of our information systems or any information residing therein. We have a comprehensive, cross-functional approach to cybersecurity risk management, driven by our information security management systems and propelled by industry-leading expertise from both our internal information technology security team and

top-tier third-party consultants and firms that we engage. Our cyber risk management process is supported by both management and our Board of Directors.

Our cybersecurity risk management strategies represent an integral component of our overall approach to enterprise risk management (“ERM”). Our cybersecurity policies, standards, processes, and practices are fully integrated into our ERM program and based on the recognized National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework. We continuously seek to adopt market-leading standards and procedures to protect our tower infrastructure, data, and carrier, vendor, and consumer information. Key elements of our cybersecurity risk management strategy include:

**(1)**System Monitoring and Testing. We work collaboratively with third-party industry experts and consultants to conduct regular vulnerability assessments and penetration testing from both outside and within our system networks. Our information security team utilizes endpoint software together with technology platforms and applications designed to enable it to monitor user and network behavior and origination points in real time both at our corporate headquarters as well as any of our sites globally. In addition, we conduct quarterly phishing campaign simulations which includes remediation training assignment for phish failures and notification to the respective Executive Vice President in the event of a failure by an employee in their department.

**(2)**Threat Identification & Response. Our internal information security team works collaboratively with our external industry consultants to identify threats utilizing analytics and metrics, which are aligned with the MITRE ATT&CK (Adversarial Tactics, Techniques, and Common Knowledge) Framework and aligned to mitigate attacks across various layers of our enterprise systems. We leverage the core functions of the NIST Cybersecurity Framework (Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover) to constantly work toward identifying opportunities for further improvement and development of our risk mitigation strategies. We also build upon the principles of the ISO 27001 standard and have achieved ISO 27001:2022 certification for one of our data centers. As part of our response preparedness, our executive management team participates in comprehensive cyber incident response tabletop exercises annually simulating cybersecurity attack scenarios which simulate identifying, responding, recovering, and reporting of such an incident in accordance with our risk management programs.

**(3)**Defense Procedures & Preparedness. We have established and maintain a cyber incident response and a business continuity management plan to timely, consistently, and appropriately advise on our cyber threat response and recovery strategy that may occur despite our safeguards. The response plan is global in scope and covers the major phases of the incident response process, including preparation, detection and analysis, containment and investigation, notification (which may include timely notice to our Board if deemed material or appropriate), eradication and recovery, and incident closure and post-incident analysis. Our response plan is reviewed annually, regularly tested, and updated based on developments in the industry. Our business continuity management system includes targets and objectives, impact analyses and risk assessments, exercise and testing, training and awareness, documentation and standards for data centers and servers.

**(4)**Outside Consultants & Industry Experts. In addition to the broad capabilities of our internal information security team, we also engage various outside consultants, including contractors, security firms, auditors, and other third-party subject matter experts, to among other things, conduct regular testing of our networks and systems to identify vulnerabilities through penetration testing, while also measuring and advising on potential improvements to our cybersecurity programs. We are also members of recognized global industry organizations such as the Information Systems Audit and Control Association (ISACA), International Information System Security Certification Consortium (ISC), and International Association of Privacy Professionals (IAPP).

**(5)**Third-Party Risk Assessments. We maintain a comprehensive risk-based approach to identifying and overseeing potential cybersecurity risks presented by third parties, including our vendors and service providers. We have a dedicated information technology vendor management team that reports to our Chief Information Officer (“CIO”). We conduct initial and regular cybersecurity assessments of third-party vendors that we engage with in our operations and their information security policies and systems in order to identify, evaluate, and address potential vulnerabilities and we have developed a response plan for managing, and determining the magnitude of, any such third-party vulnerabilities.

**(6)**Team Member Education & Awareness. We remain dedicated to fostering an internal culture of cybersecurity, where all of our team members are trained to identify, respond, and report potential cybersecurity threats that may arise. New hires are required to participate in cybersecurity onboarding training, and current employees are responsible for completing mandatory cybersecurity training annually and phishing awareness training quarterly in the event of phish failures. Our leadership team participates in advanced, targeted cybersecurity training and exercises to ensure additional security. Our leadership team also participates in table-top exercises and trainings tailored to specific business units. For example, most recently each of our accounting, mergers and acquisitions, and human resources teams participated in successful table-top exercises which simulated cyber-attacks on our systems. All of our table-top exercises are facilitated by a third-party.

As part of our cybersecurity risk management strategy, each cyber threat is evaluated for materiality and escalated based upon evaluation of the potential severity and risk impact on our operations. We have not experienced a material cybersecurity breach in the past three years. As such, we have not incurred any material expenses from cybersecurity breaches or any expenses from penalties or settlements related to a cybersecurity breach during that time. For more information regarding cybersecurity-related risks

that could materially affect our business strategies, results of operations, or financial condition, please see Item 1A in this Form 10-K under the headings “Information technology disruptions, including as a result of cybersecurity breaches, could compromise our information, which would cause our business and reputation to suffer.”

Governance & Personnel

Our Board believes a robust cybersecurity strategy is vital to protect our business, customers, and assets. The Board has delegated to the Audit Committee responsibility for oversight and review of our cybersecurity and other information technology and data privacy risk management program, controls, strategies, and procedures. The Audit Committee periodically evaluates our cybersecurity strategies to ensure effectiveness and, if appropriate, includes a review from third-party experts. In addition, our Board also may review and assess cybersecurity risks as part of its responsibilities for general risk oversight. Additionally, the Audit Committee has established a subcommittee to evaluate cybersecurity incidents, if any, and determine the Company’s disclosure obligations in light of such incidents.

Our CIO reports to the Audit Committee at every regularly scheduled meeting (or more frequently, as needed) to discuss cybersecurity risk exposure and risk management strategy. Our CIO has over 25 years of experience in the information technology and security industry with global organizations. Our executive leadership team, which includes our CIO, reviews and manages implementation of our cybersecurity strategy and programs through regularly scheduled meetings.

Our information security team, led by our CIO and Senior Director, IT Security and Compliance, has over 75 years of collective cybersecurity experience and maintains numerous active industry-recognized cyber certifications, such as Certified Information Security Manager (CISM), Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP), and Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA). Our information security team undertakes a variety of measures in the daily monitoring and management of cybersecurity risks across our business. For example, the information security team monitors our technology infrastructure with tools designed to detect suspicious behavior and decrypt VPN traffic on our systems globally. The information security team conducts regular internal and external audits with third-party cybersecurity experts to identify and evaluate potential weaknesses in its cybersecurity systems. Some of these third-party monitoring functions continue throughout the year while other third-party security experts are periodically retained to audit specific areas of our cybersecurity program. In addition, our information security team works with our internal audit function to monitor reporting and escalation of cybersecurity incident reports from across our business. Our information security team also works with our Executive Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer and General Counsel on our data privacy program, including with respect to the preservation and protection of the integrity and confidentiality of our data and systems as needed.

We own our headquarters in Boca Raton, Florida where we currently have approximately 160,000 square feet of office space. We also own or have entered into long-term leases for international and regional locations convenient for the management and operation of our site leasing activities, and in certain site development office locations where we expect our activities to be longer-term. We believe our existing facilities are adequate for our current and planned levels of operations and that additional office space suited for our needs is reasonably available in the markets within which we operate.

Our interests in towers and the land beneath them are comprised of a variety of fee interests, leasehold interests created by long-term lease agreements, perpetual easements, easements, licenses, rights-of-way, right-of-use, and other similar interests. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 71% of our tower structures were located on parcels of land that we own, land subject to perpetual easements, or parcels of land that have an interest that extends beyond 20 years. The average remaining life under our ground leases and other property interests, including renewal options under our control, is 35 years. In rural areas, support for our towers, equipment shelters, and related equipment requires a tract of land typically up to 10,000 square feet. Less than 2,500 square feet is required for a monopole or self-supporting tower of the kind typically used in metropolitan areas for wireless communications towers. Ground leases and other property interests are generally for an initial term of five years or more with multiple renewal periods, for a total of 30 years or more.

Most of our towers have significant capacity available for additional antennas. We measure the available capacity of our existing facilities to support additional tenants and generate additional lease revenue by assessing several factors, including tower height, tower type, wind loading, environmental conditions, existing equipment on the tower and zoning and permitting regulations in effect in the jurisdiction where the tower is located. As of December 31, 2025, we had an average of 1.8 tenants per site.

We are involved in various legal proceedings relating to claims arising in the ordinary course of business. We do not believe that the ultimate resolution of these matters will have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, or liquidity.

Not Applicable.

PART II

Market for our Class A Common Stock

Our Class A common stock commenced trading under the symbol “SBAC” on The NASDAQ National Market System on June 16, 1999. We trade on the NASDAQ Global Select Market, a segment of the NASDAQ Global Market.

As of February 17, 2026, there were 273 record holders of our Class A common stock.

Dividends

As a REIT, we are required to distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income after the utilization of any available NOLs (determined before the deduction for dividends paid and excluding any net capital gain). As of December 31, 2025, $343.8 million of the federal NOLs are attributes of the REIT. We may use these NOLs to offset our REIT taxable income, and thus any required distributions to shareholders may be reduced or eliminated until such time as our NOLs have been fully utilized or expired. The amount of future distributions will be determined, from time to time, by our Board of Directors to balance our goal of increasing long-term shareholder value and retaining sufficient cash to implement our current capital allocation policy, which prioritizes investment in quality assets through acquisitions to the extent there are opportunities that meet our return criteria and through the construction of new towers, then stock repurchases, and then cash dividend growth over time. In addition, in a high interest rate environment and when we believe interest rates may stay higher for longer, we believe that debt repayments, especially of our variable rate debt, may be an accretive use of our excess capital. The actual amount, timing, and frequency of future dividends, will be at the sole discretion of our Board of Directors and will be declared based upon various factors, many of which are beyond our control.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table presents information related to our repurchases of Class A common stock during the fourth quarter of 2025:

On April 27, 2025, our Board of Directors authorized a stock repurchase plan authorizing us to repurchase, from time to time, up to $1.5 billion of our outstanding Class A common stock (the “Repurchase Plan”). The Repurchase Plan has no expiration and will continue until otherwise modified or terminated by our Board of Directors at any time in its sole discretion. Subsequent to December 31, 2025, we repurchased 12 thousand shares of our Class A common stock for $2.2 million, at an average price per share of $188.66. Shares repurchased were retired. As of the date of this filing, we had $1.1 billion remaining under the current authorized share repurchase plan.

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the information contained in our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. The following discussion includes forward-looking statements that involve certain risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described in Item 1A. Risk Factors. Our actual results may differ materially from those discussed below. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” and Item 1A. Risk Factors.

We are a leading independent owner and operator of wireless communications infrastructure, including tower structures, rooftops, and other structures that support antennas used for wireless communications, which we collectively refer to as “towers” or “sites.” Our principal operations are in the United States and its territories. In addition, we own and operate towers in South America, Central America, and Africa. During the year ended December 31, 2025, we sold all of our towers and ended our operations in both the Philippines and Colombia and sold substantially all of our operations in Canada. Our primary business line is our site leasing business, which contributed 97.9% of our total segment operating profit for the year ended December 31, 2025. In our site leasing business, we (1) lease space to wireless service providers and other customers on assets that we own or operate and (2) manage rooftop and tower sites for property owners under various contractual arrangements. As of December 31, 2025, we owned 46,328 towers, a substantial portion of which have been built by us or built by other tower owners or operators who, like us, have built such towers to lease space to multiple wireless service providers. Our other business line is our site development business, through which we assist wireless service providers in developing and maintaining their own wireless service networks.

Site Leasing

Our primary focus is the leasing of antenna space on our multi-tenant towers to a variety of wireless service providers under long-term lease contracts in the United States, South America, Central America, and Africa. As of December 31, 2025, no U.S. state or territory accounted for more than 10% of our total tower portfolio by tower count, and no U.S. state or territory accounted for more than 10% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2025. In addition, as of December 31, 2025, approximately 30% and 10% of our total towers are located in Brazil and Guatemala, respectively, and no other international market (each country is considered a market) represented more than 5% of our total towers.

We derive site leasing revenues primarily from wireless service provider tenants. Wireless service providers enter into (1) individual tenant site leases with us, each of which relates to the lease or use of space at an individual site or (2) MLAs with us, which provide for the material terms and conditions that will apply to multiple sites; although, in most cases, each individual site under a MLA is also governed by its own site leasing agreement which sets forth pricing and other site specific terms. Our tenant leases are generally for an initial term of five years to fifteen years with multiple renewal periods at the option of the tenant. Our tenant leases typically either (1) contain specific annual rent escalators, (2) escalate annually in accordance with an inflationary index, or (3) escalate using a combination of fixed and inflation adjusted escalators. In addition, our international site leases may include pass-through charges, such as rent related to ground leases and other property interests, utilities, property taxes, and fuel.

Cost of site leasing revenue primarily consists of:

• Cash and non-cash rental expense on ground leases, right-of-use, and other underlying property interests;

• Property taxes;

• Site maintenance and monitoring costs (exclusive of employee related costs);

• Utilities;

• Property insurance;

• Fuel (primarily in those international markets that do not have an available electric grid at our tower sites); and

• Lease initial direct cost amortization.

Ground leases and other property interests are generally for an initial term of five years or more with multiple renewal periods, which are at our option. Our ground leases typically either (1) contain specific annual rent escalators or (2) escalate annually in accordance with an inflationary index. As of December 31, 2025, approximately 71% of our tower structures were located on parcels of land that we own, land subject to perpetual easements, or parcels of land in which we have a leasehold interest that extends beyond 20 years. For any given tower, costs are relatively fixed over a monthly or an annual time period. As such, operating costs for owned towers do not generally increase as a result of adding additional customers to the tower. The amount of property taxes varies from site to site depending on the taxing jurisdiction and the height and age of the tower. The ongoing maintenance requirements are typically minimal and include replacing lighting systems, painting a tower, or upgrading or repairing an access road or fencing.

In Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama, substantially all of our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures arising from our activities are denominated in U.S. dollars. Specifically, most of our ground leases and other property interests, tenant leases, and tower-related expenses are paid in U.S. dollars. In most of our Central American markets, our local currency obligations are principally limited to (1) permitting and other local fees, (2) utilities, and (3) taxes. In Brazil, Chile, and South Africa, substantially all of our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures, including tenant leases, ground leases and other property interests, and other tower-related expenses are denominated in local currency. In Costa Rica, Peru, and Tanzania, our revenue, expenses, and capital expenditures, including tenant leases, ground leases and other property interests, and other tower-related expenses are denominated in a mix of local currency and U.S. dollars.

As indicated in the table below, our site leasing business generates substantially all of our total segment operating profit. For information regarding our operating segments, see Note 15 of our Consolidated Financial Statements included in this annual report.

We believe that the site leasing business continues to be attractive due to its long-term contracts, built-in rent escalators, high operating margins, and low customer churn (which refers to a lease that is non-renewed, cancelled, or discounted prior to the end of its term) other than in connection with customer consolidation or cessations of specific technology. We believe that over the long-term, site leasing revenues will continue to grow as wireless service providers lease additional antenna space on our towers due to increasing minutes of network use and data transfer, network expansion, and network coverage requirements.

During 2026, we expect core leasing revenue to increase over 2025 levels, on a currency neutral basis, due in part to wireless carriers deploying unused spectrum, the full year impact of towers acquired and built during 2025, and the r

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We are exposed to certain market risks that are inherent in our financial instruments. These instruments arise from transactions entered into in the normal course of business.

The following table presents the future principal payment obligations, fair values, and interest payments associated with our long-term debt instruments assuming our actual level of long-term indebtedness as of December 31, 2025:

(1)For information on the anticipated repayment date and final maturity date for each tower security, refer to “Debt Instruments and Debt Service Requirements” above.

(2)Represents interest payments based on the 2020-1C Tower Securities interest rate of 1.884%, the 2020-2C Tower Securities interest rate of 2.328%, the 2021-1C Tower Securities interest rate of 1.631%, the 2021-2C Tower Securities interest rate of 1.840%, the 2021-3C Tower Securities interest rate of 2.593%, the 2022-1C Tower Securities interest rate of 6.599%, the 2024-1C Tower Securities interest rate of 4.831%, the 2024-2C Tower Securities of all-in interest rate of 4.654%, the 2024 Term Loan at an average interest rate of 5.200% (which includes the impact of interest rate swaps) as of December 31, 2025, the 2020 Senior Notes interest rate of 3.875%, and the 2021 Senior Notes interest rate of 3.125%.

Our current primary market risk exposure is (1) interest rate risk relating to our ability to refinance our debt at commercially reasonable rates, if at all, and (2) interest rate risk relating to the impact of interest rate movements on the variable portion of our 2024 Term Loan, and any borrowings that we may incur under our Revolving Credit Facility, which are at floating rates. We manage the interest rate risk on our outstanding debt through our large percentage of fixed rate debt, including interest rate swaps. While we

cannot predict our ability to refinance existing debt or the impact interest rate movements will have on our existing debt, we continue to evaluate our financial position on an ongoing basis.

We have performed a sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 1% increase in our variable interest rates as of December 31, 2025. As of December 31, 2025, the analysis indicated that such an adverse movement would have caused our interest expense to increase by approximately 0.8% for the year ended December 31, 2025.

We are exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates in connection with our operations in Brazil, Chile, Peru, South Africa, Tanzania, and to a lesser extent, our markets in Central America. In each of these countries, we pay most of our selling, general, and administrative expenses and a portion of our operating expenses, such as taxes and utilities incurred in the country in local currency. In addition, in Brazil, Chile, and South Africa, we receive significantly all of our revenue and pay substantially all of our operating expenses in local currency. In Costa Rica, Peru, and Tanzania, we receive our revenue and pay our operating expenses in a mix of local currency and U.S. dollars. All transactions denominated in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar are reported in U.S. Dollars at the applicable exchange rate. All assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. Dollars at exchange rates in effect at the end of the applicable fiscal reporting period, and all revenues and expenses are translated at average rates for the period. The cumulative translation effect is included in equity as a component of Accumulated other comprehensive loss. For the year ended December 31, 2025, approximately 20.0% of our revenues and approximately 26.5% of our total operating expenses were denominated in foreign currencies.

We have performed a sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in the Brazilian Real from the quoted foreign currency exchange rates at December 31, 2025. The analysis indicated that such an adverse movement would have caused our revenues and operating income to decline by approximately 1.1% and 0.7%, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2025.

As of December 31, 2025, we had intercompany debt, which is denominated in a currency other than the functional currency of the subsidiary in which it is recorded. As settlement of this debt is anticipated or planned in the foreseeable future, any changes in the foreign currency exchange rates will result in unrealized gains or losses, which will be included in our determination of net income. A change of 10% in the underlying exchange rates of our unsettled intercompany debt at December 31, 2025 would have resulted in approximately $91.8 million of unrealized gains or losses that would have been included in Other income (expense), net in our Consolidated Statements of Operations for the year ended December 31, 2025.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This annual report contains “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act. These statements concern expectations, beliefs, projections, plans and strategies, anticipated events or trends and similar expressions concerning matters that are not historical facts. Specifically, this annual report contains forward-looking statements including our expectations and beliefs regarding:

• the future growth and financial health of the wireless industry and the industry participants, the drivers of such growth, including future spectrum auctions and the roll-out of 5G and fixed wireless;

• our ability to capture and capitalize on industry growth and the impact of such growth on our financial and operational results;

• the consolidation of wireless service providers and the impact of such consolidation on our financial and operational results, including churn;

• our intent to grow our tower portfolio domestically and internationally and expand through acquisitions, new builds, and organic lease up on existing towers;

• the demand for our services and the future capital investments of our customers (including with respect to the implementation of broad based 5G availability and as a result of artificial intelligence and emerging high-performance applications);

• our strategies for growing, and ability to grow, our cash flows;

• core leasing revenue growth, on an organic basis, in our domestic and international segments, and the drivers of such growth;

• our site leasing business being characterized by stable and long-term recurring revenues;

• our future cash capital expenditures, both discretionary and non-discretionary, including expenditures required for new builds and to maintain, improve, and modify our towers, ground lease purchases, and general corporate expenditures, and the source of funds for these expenditures;

• that we will be able to continue to secure rights to the land underlying our towers, and the impact of such strategy on our financial and operational results;

• the timing for closing of pending acquisitions;

• our future liquidity requirements, including our debt service in 2026, and our ability to meet such requirements with cash on hand, capacity under our Revolving Credit Facility, and our cash flows from operations for the next twelve months will be sufficient to service our outstanding debt during the next twelve months;

• our election to be taxed as a REIT, our intent to continue to operate as a REIT and the use of NOLs to reduce REIT taxable income;

• our capital allocation strategies and the impact of these strategies on our future financial and operational results including our goal of increasing our Adjusted Funds From Operations per share;

• our expectations regarding dividends and our ability to grow our dividend in the future and the drivers of such growth;

• our expectations regarding our future cash capital expenditures, both discretionary and non-discretionary, including expenditures required for new builds and to maintain, improve, and modify our towers, ground lease purchases, and general corporate expenditures, and the source of funds for these expenditures;

• the impact of compliance with applicable laws and regulations, including environmental laws, and various legal proceedings on our financial results and future business prospects; and

• the impact of certain tax and accounting matters on our financial statements.

These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about future events and are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. We undertake no obligation to update forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date hereof, unless otherwise required by law. We wish to caution readers that certain important factors may have affected and could in the future affect our actual results and could cause actual results to differ significantly from those expressed in any forward-looking statement. The most important factors that could prevent us from achieving our goals, and cause the assumptions underlying forward-looking statements and the actual results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by those forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the following:

• developments in, and macroeconomic influences on, the wireless communications industry in general, and for wireless communications infrastructure providers in particular, that may slow growth or affect our customers’ access to sufficient capital, or ability to expend capital to fund network expansion or enhancements;

• the impact of churn based on prior and future consolidation among wireless service providers;

• our ability to successfully manage the risks associated with international operations, including risks relating to competition, political or economic conditions, inflation, potential tariffs, tax laws, currency restrictions, and exchange rate fluctuations, legal or judicial systems, and land ownership, including land ownership risks with respect to towers we do not own;

• our ability to successfully manage the risks associated with our acquisition initiatives, including our ability to satisfactorily complete due diligence on acquired towers, the amount and quality of due diligence that we are able to complete prior to closing of any acquisition, our ability to accurately anticipate the future performance of the acquired towers, our ability to receive required regulatory approval, the ability and willingness of each party to fulfill their respective closing conditions and their contractual obligations, and, once acquired, our ability to effectively integrate acquired towers into our business and to achieve the financial results projected in our valuation models for the acquired towers;

• the health of the economies and wireless communications markets of the international jurisdictions we operate in, and the willingness of carriers to invest in their networks in such markets;

• our ability to secure as many site leasing tenants as anticipated and retain current leases on towers as well as our tenants’ ability and willingness to comply with their obligations under such leases;

• our ability to meet our operational and capital expenditure goals, including expected economies of scale arising from new tenants on our existing towers,

• our ability to secure and deliver anticipated services business at contemplated margins;

• our ability to build new towers, including our ability to identify and acquire land that would be attractive for our customers and to successfully and timely address the issues that arise in connection with the building of new towers;

• our ability to compete for the acquisition of towers and other factors that may adversely affect our ability to purchase towers that meet our investment criteria and are available at prices which we believe will be accretive to our shareholders and allow us to maintain our long-term target leverage ratios while achieving our expected portfolio growth levels;

• our capital allocation decisions and the impact on our ability to achieve our expected tower portfolio growth levels;

• our ability to protect our rights to the land under our towers, and our ability to acquire land underneath our towers on terms that are accretive;

• our ability to sufficiently increase our revenues and maintain expenses and cash capital expenditures at appropriate levels;

• our ability to successfully estimate the impact of regulatory and litigation matters;

• natural disasters and other unforeseen damage for which our insurance may not provide adequate coverage;

• a decrease in demand for our towers;

• the impact of EchoStar’s sale of its spectrum;

• the ability of our customers to perform under their contractual and financial obligations;

• the introduction of new technologies or changes in a tenant’s business model that may make our tower leasing business less desirable to existing or potential tenants;

• the impact of interest rates on our results of operations and our ability to refinance our existing indebtedness at commercially reasonable rates or at all;

• our ability to continue to comply with covenants and the terms of our credit instruments and our ability to obtain additional financing to fund our capital expenditures;

• our ability to qualify for treatment as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and to comply with and conduct our business in accordance with such rules and to utilize available NOLs to reduce REIT taxable income;

• our ability to successfully estimate the impact of certain accounting and tax matters, including the ability to successfully utilize like-kind exchanges, the effect of adopting certain accounting pronouncements and the availability of sufficient NOLs to offset future REIT taxable income; and

• other risks, including those described in Item 1A. – Risk Factors in this annual report and those described from time to time in our other filings with the SEC.

Financial statements and supplementary data are on pages F-1 through F-42.

None.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures – We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including our Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and Chief Financial Officer (“CFO”), as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, as ours are designed to do, and management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

In connection with the preparation of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, as of December 31, 2025, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the CEO and CFO, of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Exchange Act). Based on such evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that, as of December 31, 2025, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective.

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2025 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting – Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, and for performing an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025. Internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Our system of internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of SBAC; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of SBAC are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of SBAC; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of SBAC’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Management performed an assessment of the effectiveness of SBAC’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025 based upon criteria in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on our assessment, management determined that SBAC’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2025 based on the criteria in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013 Framework) issued by COSO.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on SBAC’s internal control over financial reporting. ‎

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of SBA Communications Corporation

Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

We have audited SBA Communications Corporation and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, SBA Communications Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders’ deficit and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) and our report dated February 27, 2026 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.

Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Boca Raton, Florida

February 27, 2026 ‎

(a) Item 5.02 Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers

Cavanagh Employment Agreement

On February 25, 2026, the Company entered into an amended and restated employment agreement with Brendan T. Cavanagh (the “Employment Agreement”), which extends the term of the Employment Agreement until December 31, 2028. The Employment Agreement reflects an annual base salary of $985,000 and target bonus of 175% of annual base salary (the “Minimum Target Bonus”). Payment of the bonus is contingent upon the achievement of performance goals established and assessed solely at the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors.

Pursuant to the Employment Agreement, Mr. Cavanagh is entitled to a severance payment, upon his termination without Cause or upon resignation for Good Reason (each as defined in the Employment Agreement), equal to the sum of (i) an amount equal to the pro rata portion of the Minimum Target Bonus for the period of service in the year in which the termination or resignation occurs, plus (ii) an amount equal to the product of the Applicable Multiple (as defined below) multiplied by the sum of (a) Mr. Cavanagh’s base salary for the year in which the termination or resignation occurs, (b) the Minimum Target Bonus for the year in which the termination or resignation occurs , and (c) the greater of (1) $33,560 and (2) the value of all medical, dental, health, life and other fringe benefit plans for the year in which the termination or resignation occurs (collectively, the “Severance Payment”). As defined in the Employment Agreement, the “Applicable Multiple” means (i) two, in the event the termination without Cause or resignation for Good Reason occurs prior to a Change in Control of the Company (as defined in the Employment Agreement); and (ii) three, in the event the termination without Cause or resignation for Good Reason occurs on or after a Change in Control of the Company or within six months prior to the date on which a Change in Control occurs, if it is reasonably demonstrated that such termination without Cause or resignation for Good Reason was in contemplation of the Change in Control. The Severance Payment is payable in a lump sum upon execution of a full release and waiver of claims.

All other material terms of the Employment Agreement, including the definitions of Cause, Change in Control and Good Reason and the provisions for non-competition, non-interference, non-disparagement, and non-disclosure during his employment and for a period after termination remained the same.

(b) 10b5-1 Trading Plans

During the three months ended December 31, 2025, none of our officers (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) or directors adopted or terminated a "Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement" or "non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement," as each term is defined in Item 408(c) of Regulation S-K.

None.

PART III

We have adopted a Code of Ethics that applies to our Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer. The Code of Ethics is located on our internet web site at www.sbasite.com under “Investors – Governance – Governance Documents.” We intend to provide disclosure of any amendments or waivers of our Code of Ethics on our website within 4 business days following the date of the amendment or waiver.

The remaining items required by Part III, Item 10 are incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed on or before April 30, 2026.

The items required by Part III, Item 11 are incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed on or before April 30, 2026.

The items required by Part III, Item 12, other than the information regarding the Registrant’s equity plans set forth below required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K, are incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed on or before April 30, 2026.

Equity Compensation Plan

The following table summarizes information with respect to the Registrant’s compensation plans under which the Registrant’s equity securities are authorized for issuance as of December 31, 2025:

(1)Included in the number of securities in column (a) is 480,251 restricted stock units and 206,053 performance-based restricted stock units, which have no exercise price. The weighted-average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants, and rights (excluding restricted stock units) is $259.16.

The items required by Part III, Item 13 are incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed on or before April 30, 2026.

The items required by Part III, Item 14 are incorporated herein by reference from the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for its 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed on or before April 30, 2026.

PART IV

(a) Documents filed as part of this report:

(1) Financial Statements

See Item 8 for Financial Statements included with this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

(2) Financial Statement Schedules

Schedule III—Schedule of Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation (see below)

All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or because the required information is contained in the financial statements or notes thereto included in this Form 10-K.

Schedule III—Schedule of Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation

(1)No single site exceeds 5% of the aggregate gross amounts at which the assets were carried at the close of the period set forth in the table above.

(2)As of December 31, 2025, certain assets secure debt of $10.0 billion.

(3)The Company has omitted this information, as it would be impracticable to compile such information on a site-by-site basis.

(4)Does not include those sites under construction.

(5)Amounts include the acquisition of the exclusive right to lease and operate utility transmission structures, which included existing wireless tenant licenses from PG&E.

(1)Inclusive of changes between the final purchase price allocation and the preliminary purchase price allocations.

(2)Represents changes to the Company’s asset retirement obligations.

(3)Costs of real estate sold or disposed for the year ended December 31, 2025 include the impact of the Company’s sale of its Philippines, Colombia, and Canada towers.

(4)Impairment charges for the year ended December 31, 2023 include the impact of the planned abandonment of identified sites with minimal expectations of future economic benefit (primarily from Sprint and Oi related churn).

(5)Primarily represents cumulative translation adjustments related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

‎

(1)Primarily represents cumulative translation adjustments related to changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

(3) Exhibits

‎

† Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

• Filed herewith.

** Furnished herewith.

None.

‎

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. ‎ ‎

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

SBA COMMUNICATIONS CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of SBA Communications Corporation

Opinion on the Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of SBA Communications Corporation and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2025 and 2024, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income, shareholders' deficit and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2025 and 2024, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2025, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2025, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated February 27, 2026 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Critical Audit Matter

The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.

‎

F-1

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