Item 1. Financial Statements

115K characters. Original on sec.gov · Markdown

Item 1. Financial Statements

THE SHERWIN-WILLIAMS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED INCOME (UNAUDITED)


(in millions, except per share data)	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025			2024
Net sales	$	5,305.7		$	5,367.3
Cost of goods sold	2,746.6			2,836.3
Gross profit	2,559.1			2,531.0
Percent to Net sales	48.2		%	47.2		%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,793.8			1,799.8
Percent to Net sales	33.8		%	33.5		%
Other general expense - net	8.9			2.0

Interest expense	103.8			103.0
Interest income	(3.3)			(6.1)
Other expense (income) - net	2.9			(7.7)
Income before income taxes	653.0			640.0
Income taxes	149.1			134.8
Net income	$	503.9		$	505.2

Net income per common share:
Basic	$	2.02		$	2.00
Diluted	$	2.00		$	1.97

Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	249.4			252.5
Diluted	252.5			255.8

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE SHERWIN-WILLIAMS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)


(in millions)	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025		2024
Net income	$	503.9	$	505.2
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency translation adjustments (1)	106.6		(75.3)
Pension and other postretirement benefit adjustments:

Amounts reclassified from AOCI (2)	(3.4)		(4.5)
Unrealized net gains on cash flow hedges:

Amounts reclassified from AOCI (3)	(0.9)		(0.9)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	102.3		(80.7)
Comprehensive income	$	606.2	$	424.5

(1) The three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 include unrealized (losses) gains, net of taxes, of $(36.3) million and $18.3 million, respectively, related to net investment hedges. See Note 12 for additional information.

(2) Net of taxes of $1.1 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

(3) Net of taxes of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024.

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE SHERWIN-WILLIAMS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (UNAUDITED)


(in millions)	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024		March 31, 2024
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	199.8	$	210.4	$	179.9
Accounts receivable, net	2,813.1		2,388.8		2,809.1
Inventories	2,515.2		2,288.1		2,378.0
Other current assets	511.6		513.5		475.4
Total current assets	6,039.7		5,400.8		5,842.4
Property, plant and equipment, net	3,663.4		3,533.2		3,008.8
Goodwill	7,708.4		7,580.1		7,621.4
Intangible assets	3,493.4		3,533.2		3,777.5
Operating lease right-of-use assets	1,972.9		1,953.8		1,878.9
Other assets	1,758.3		1,631.5		1,299.1
Total Assets	$	24,636.1	$	23,632.6	$	23,428.1

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Short-term borrowings	$	1,798.5	$	662.4	$	1,256.3
Accounts payable	2,512.9		2,253.2		2,453.9
Compensation and taxes withheld	566.7		842.8		560.2
Accrued taxes	225.9		174.3		240.0
Current portion of long-term debt	1,150.8		1,049.2		1,349.1
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	470.1		466.6		454.0
Other accruals	1,151.8		1,360.2		1,170.0
Total current liabilities	7,876.7		6,808.7		7,483.5
Long-term debt	7,827.1		8,176.8		8,129.5
Postretirement benefits other than pensions	120.7		120.7		133.2
Deferred income taxes	586.0		607.5		666.3
Long-term operating lease liabilities	1,573.4		1,558.3		1,495.1
Other long-term liabilities	2,522.1		2,309.4		2,016.8
Shareholders’ equity:
Common stock - $0.33-1/3 par value:
250.6 million, 251.3 million and 253.5 million shares outstanding
at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively	92.6		92.5		92.0
Other capital	4,622.4		4,576.2		4,298.8
Retained earnings	7,549.8		7,246.3		5,611.0
Treasury stock, at cost	(7,361.8)		(6,988.6)		(5,793.1)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(772.9)		(875.2)		(705.0)
Total shareholders’ equity	4,130.1		4,051.2		3,503.7
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity	$	24,636.1	$	23,632.6	$	23,428.1

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE SHERWIN-WILLIAMS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)


(in millions)	Three Months Ended
	March 31, 2025		March 31, 2024
Operating Activities
Net income	$	503.9	$	505.2
Adjustments to reconcile Net income to Net operating cash:
Depreciation	79.9		71.1
Non-cash lease expense	123.5		116.6
Amortization of intangible assets	81.0		82.1



Stock-based compensation expense	26.6		24.6
Amortization of non-traded investments	28.7		20.1
Gain on sale or disposition of assets	(2.1)		(3.4)
Provisions for environmental-related matters - net	3.1		3.6
Other postretirement benefit plan net cost	(4.2)		(6.1)
Deferred income taxes	(18.7)		(16.4)
Other	6.8		1.7
Change in working capital accounts - net	(780.4)		(682.1)
Change in operating lease liabilities	(124.1)		(117.8)
Costs incurred for environmental-related matters	(10.2)		(6.7)
Other	25.1		(51.4)
Net operating cash	(61.1)		(58.9)

Investing Activities
Capital expenditures	(189.3)		(283.8)
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired	(82.4)		—


Other	(44.5)		(37.5)
Net investing cash	(316.2)		(321.3)

Financing Activities
Net increase in short-term borrowings	1,135.8		882.5

Payments of long-term debt	(250.0)		—

Payments of cash dividends	(200.4)		(182.5)
Proceeds from stock options exercised	26.2		78.2
Treasury stock purchased	(351.7)		(545.5)

Proceeds from real estate financing transactions	40.7		77.0
Other	(33.4)		(20.1)
Net financing cash	367.2		289.6

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash	(0.5)		(6.3)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents	(10.6)		(96.9)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year	210.4		276.8
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period	$	199.8	$	179.9



Supplemental cash flow information
Income taxes paid	$	89.9	$	69.7
Interest paid	$	119.8	$	107.5

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE SHERWIN-WILLIAMS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

STATEMENTS OF CONSOLIDATED SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)


(in millions, except per share data)	Common Stock		Other Capital		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
Balance at December 31, 2024	$	92.5	$	4,576.2	$	7,246.3	$	(6,988.6)	$	(875.2)	$	4,051.2
Net income					503.9						503.9
Other comprehensive income									102.3		102.3
Treasury stock purchased							(351.7)				(351.7)

Stock-based compensation activity	0.1		53.1				(21.5)				31.7
Other adjustments			(6.9)								(6.9)
Cash dividends -- $0.79 per share					(200.4)						(200.4)
Balance at March 31, 2025	$	92.6	$	4,622.4	$	7,549.8	$	(7,361.8)	$	(772.9)	$	4,130.1


(in millions, except per share data)	Common Stock		Other Capital		Retained Earnings		Treasury Stock		Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss		Total
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	91.8	$	4,193.6	$	5,288.3	$	(5,233.6)	$	(624.3)	$	3,715.8
Net income					505.2						505.2
Other comprehensive income									(80.7)		(80.7)
Treasury stock purchased							(545.5)				(545.5)

Stock-based compensation activity	0.2		104.3				(14.0)				90.5
Other adjustments			0.9								0.9
Cash dividends -- $0.715 per share					(182.5)						(182.5)
Balance at March 31, 2024	$	92.0	$	4,298.8	$	5,611.0	$	(5,793.1)	$	(705.0)	$	3,503.7

See notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

THE SHERWIN-WILLIAMS COMPANY AND SUBSIDIARIES

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)

(millions of dollars, unless otherwise noted)

Periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024

NOTE 1 - BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this report have been prepared by management of The Sherwin-Williams Company (herein referred to as the Company) in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (US GAAP) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by US GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and all consolidated subsidiaries. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. The Company’s share of earnings or losses from nonconsolidated affiliates is included in the condensed consolidated financial statements using the equity method of accounting when the Company is able to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial decisions of the affiliate.

The Company has historically experienced, and expects to continue to experience, variability in quarterly results. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2025 are not indicative of the results to be expected for the full year as business is seasonal in nature with the majority of Net sales for the reportable segments traditionally occurring during the second and third quarters. However, periods of economic uncertainty can alter the Company’s seasonal patterns.

Since December 31, 2024, accounting estimates were revised as necessary during the first three months of 2025 based on new information and changes in facts and circumstances.

The following represents updates to certain significant accounting policy disclosures. For further details on the Company’s significant accounting policies and related disclosures, see Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Supply Chain Financing

As part of our strategy to manage working capital, we have entered into agreements with various financial institutions that act as intermediaries between the Company and certain suppliers. Liabilities associated with these arrangements are recorded in Accounts payable on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and amounted to $211.5 million, $215.7 million and $238.7 million at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

Non-Traded Investments

The Company has invested in U.S. affordable housing, historic renovation and other real estate investments (Non-Traded Investments) that have been identified as variable interest entities which qualify for certain tax credits and other tax benefits. Since the Company does not have the power to direct the day-to-day operations of the Non-Traded Investments and the risk of loss is limited to the amount of contributed capital, the Company is not considered the primary beneficiary. Therefore, in accordance with the Consolidation Topic of the Accounting Standards Codification (ASC), the Non-Traded Investments are not consolidated.

Under the Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures Topic of the ASC, the Company uses the proportional amortization method, whereby the initial cost and any subsequent changes in the level of investment of Non-Traded Investments is amortized in proportion to the receipt of related tax credits. The Company reasonably expects amortization based on the receipt of tax credits would produce a measurement substantially similar to amortization based on the receipt of tax credits and other tax benefits. Both the amortization and related tax credits and other tax benefits are recognized in Income tax expense on the Statements of Consolidated Income.


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024
Amortization of Non-Traded Investments	$	28.7	$	20.1
Tax credits and other tax benefits received	31.5		21.8

The carrying value of Non-Traded Investments is recorded in Other assets. The liabilities for estimated future capital contributions are recorded in Other accruals and Other long-term liabilities. In addition, the associated impact of related tax credits and other tax benefits are recorded as a reduction of Accrued taxes and a net deferred income tax asset within Deferred income taxes. On the Statements of Condensed Consolidated Cash Flows, the tax credits and other tax benefits are presented as a Change in working capital accounts - net and in Deferred income taxes within Operating activities. Tax credits and other tax benefits reduced Accrued taxes by $31.5 million, $104.9 million and $21.8 million at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. The following table summarizes the balances related to Non-Traded Investments and related tax credits and other tax benefits on the Consolidated Balance Sheets:


	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024		2024
Other assets	$	885.3	$	744.0	$	688.0
Other accruals	94.0		101.4		55.9
Other long-term liabilities	733.6		600.3		592.1
Net deferred income tax asset	13.8		7.6		24.6

NOTE 2 - RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

Not Yet Adopted

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This ASU enhances income tax disclosures by providing information to better assess how an entity’s operations, related tax risks, tax planning and operational opportunities affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. This ASU requires additional disclosures to the annual effective tax rate reconciliation including specific categories and further disaggregated reconciling items that meet the quantitative threshold. Additionally, the ASU requires disclosures relating to income tax expense and payments made to federal, state, local and foreign jurisdictions. This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024 and will expand the Company’s annual income tax disclosures, but will not affect the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses.” This ASU enhances expense disclosures on both an annual and interim basis by requiring public business entities to disclose additional information about specific expense categories in the notes to the consolidated financial statements. This ASU requires public entities to disclose, in a tabular format, purchases of inventory, employee compensation, depreciation, intangible asset amortization and depletion, as applicable, for each income statement line item that contains those expenses. Specific expenses, gains and losses that are already disclosed under existing US GAAP are also required to be included in the disaggregated income statement expense line item disclosures, and any remaining amounts will need to be described qualitatively. Additionally, the ASU requires disclosure of the total amount of selling expenses and the entity’s definition of selling expenses. In January 2025, the FASB issued ASU 2025-01, “Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income - Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Clarifying the Effective Date” which clarified that ASU 2024-03 is effective for annual fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and for interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact of adopting ASU 2024-03.

NOTE 3 - ACQUISITIONS

Acquisitions

Pending

In February 2025, the Company signed an agreement to acquire the Brazilian decorative paints business of BASF SE (BASF), which is a leading provider of architectural paints in Brazil with annual sales of approximately $525 million. The business develops, manufactures and sells a comprehensive portfolio of innovative products under the Suvinil and Glasu! brand names to professional painters, designers, architects, general contractors and consumers across the country. The business also operates two production facilities located in the Northeast and Southeast regions of Brazil. The closing of the transaction is subject to receipt of Brazilian antitrust approval, satisfaction or waiver of certain other customary closing conditions, as well as BASF’s completion in all material respects of its carve-out of all relevant assets, properties, contracts, permits, rights and employees of the decorative paints business into a separate entity. The Company will acquire all issued and outstanding equity interests in this separate entity for an agreed-upon cash purchase price of $1.15 billion, subject to customary post-closing adjustments. The Company intends to finance the transaction through a combination of cash on hand, liquidity available under existing facilities and new debt. The acquired business is expected to be reported within the Company’s Consumer Brands Group.

Closed in Current Year

In March 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of a European coil and industrial coatings company for approximately $80 million. The acquired business is reported within the Company’s Performance Coatings Group. The Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation for the acquisition within the allowable measurement period. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented as the impact on the Company’s consolidated financial results is not material.

Closed in Prior Year

In October 2024, the Company completed the acquisition of a metal packaging coatings business for approximately $80 million. The acquired business develops, manufactures and sells coatings for the food and household product markets and is reported within the Company’s Performance Coatings Group. The Company expects to finalize the purchase price allocation for the acquisition within the allowable measurement period. Pro forma results of operations have not been presented as the impact on the Company’s consolidated financial results is not material.

NOTE 4 - INVENTORIES

Included in Inventories were the following:


	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024		2024
Finished goods	$	1,966.3	$	1,751.9	$	1,864.4
Work in process and raw materials	548.9		536.2		513.6
Inventories	$	2,515.2	$	2,288.1	$	2,378.0

The Company primarily uses the last-in, first-out (LIFO) method of valuing inventory. An actual valuation of inventory under the LIFO method can be made only at the end of each year based on the inventory levels and costs at that time. Accordingly, interim LIFO calculations are based on management’s estimates of expected year-end inventory levels and costs are subject to the final year-end LIFO inventory valuation. In addition, interim inventory levels include management’s estimates of annual inventory losses due to shrinkage and other factors. For further information on the Company’s inventory valuation, see Note 4 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

NOTE 5 - LONG-LIVED ASSETS

Included in Property, plant and equipment, net were the following:


	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024		2024
Land	$	265.7	$	259.9	$	256.3
Buildings	1,196.9		1,175.9		1,078.8
Machinery and equipment	3,781.8		3,689.5		3,538.1
Construction in progress	1,689.3		1,598.1		1,262.4
Property, plant and equipment, gross	6,933.7		6,723.4		6,135.6
Less allowances for depreciation	3,270.3		3,190.2		3,126.8
Property, plant and equipment, net	$	3,663.4	$	3,533.2	$	3,008.8

In accordance with the Goodwill and Other Intangibles Topic of the ASC, goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment annually during the fourth quarter, and interim impairment tests are performed whenever an event occurs or circumstances change that indicate an impairment has more likely than not occurred.

NOTE 6 - DEBT

The following table summarizes the Company’s outstanding debt:


	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024		2024
Long-term debt (including current portion)	$	8,977.9	$	9,226.0	$	9,478.6
Short-term borrowings	1,798.5		662.4		1,256.3
Total debt outstanding	$	10,776.4	$	9,888.4	$	10,734.9

Long-Term Debt

The Company’s long-term debt primarily consists of senior notes. During the first quarter of 2025, the Company repaid the principal of $250.0 million related to the Company’s 3.3% senior notes due February 1, 2025 using commercial paper. For further details on the Company’s long-term debt, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Short-Term Borrowings

In March 2025, the Company amended its credit agreement dated August 2, 2021, as amended, to extend the maturity of $75.0 million of the commitments available for borrowing and issuing letters of credit under the credit agreement from June 20, 2025 to June 20, 2030.

The Company’s available capacity under its committed credit agreements is reduced for amounts outstanding under its domestic commercial paper program, various credit agreements and letters of credit. At March 31, 2025, the Company had unused capacity under its various credit agreements of $2.148 billion. The following table summarizes the Company’s short-term borrowings:


	March 31,			December 31,			March 31,
	2025			2024			2024
Domestic commercial paper	$	1,782.2		$	655.6		$	1,235.3

Foreign facilities	16.3			6.8			21.0
Total	$	1,798.5		$	662.4		$	1,256.3

Weighted average interest rate:
Domestic	4.6		%	4.7		%	5.5		%

Foreign	3.1		%	3.1		%	3.5		%

For further details on the Company’s short-term borrowings, see Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

NOTE 7 - PENSION AND OTHER POSTRETIREMENT BENEFITS

The following table summarizes the components of the Company’s net periodic pension and benefit (credit) cost for domestic and foreign defined benefit pension plans and other postretirement benefits:


	Domestic Defined Benefit Pension Plan				Foreign Defined Benefit Pension Plans				Other Postretirement Benefits
	2025		2024		2025		2024		2025		2024
Three Months Ended March 31:
Service cost	$	0.7	$	0.9	$	1.1	$	1.2	$	0.1	$	0.1
Interest cost	1.3		1.3		3.1		3.0		1.7		1.7
Expected return on assets	(2.4)		(2.1)		(2.6)		(2.8)		—		—
Amortization of prior service cost (credit)	0.5		0.5		—		—		(3.6)		(6.0)
Amortization of actuarial gains	(0.5)		(0.1)		(0.3)		(0.3)		(0.6)		(0.1)
Net periodic pension and benefit (credit) cost	$	(0.4)	$	0.5	$	1.3	$	1.1	$	(2.4)	$	(4.3)

Service cost is recorded in Cost of goods sold and Selling, general and administrative expenses. All other components are recorded in Other expense (income) - net. For further details on the Company’s pension and other postretirement benefits, see Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

NOTE 8 - OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

Environmental Matters

The operations of the Company, like those of other companies in its industry, are subject to various domestic and foreign environmental laws and regulations. These laws and regulations not only govern current operations and products, but also impose potential liability on the Company for past operations. Management expects environmental laws and regulations to impose increasingly stringent requirements upon the Company and the industry in the future. Management believes that the Company conducts its operations in compliance with applicable environmental laws, regulations and requirements and has implemented various programs designed to protect the environment and promote continued compliance.

The Company is involved with environmental investigation and remediation activities at some of its currently and formerly owned sites (including sites which were previously owned and/or operated by businesses acquired by the Company). In addition, the Company, together with other parties, has been designated a potentially responsible party under federal and state environmental protection laws for the investigation and remediation of environmental contamination and hazardous waste at a number of third-party sites, primarily Superfund sites. In general, these laws provide that potentially responsible parties may be held jointly and severally liable for investigation and remediation costs regardless of fault. The Company may be similarly designated with respect to additional third-party sites in the future.

The Company initially provides for estimated costs of environmental-related activities relating to its past operations and third-party sites for which commitments or clean-up plans have been developed and when such costs can be reasonably estimated based on industry standards and professional judgment. These estimated costs, which are mostly undiscounted, are determined based on currently available facts regarding each site. If the reasonably estimable costs can only be identified as a range and no specific amount within that range can be determined more likely than any other amount within the range, the minimum of the range is provided.

The Company routinely assesses its potential liability for investigation and remediation-related activities and adjusts its environmental-related accruals as information becomes available, including as a result of sites progressing through investigation and remediation-related activities, upon which more accurate costs can be reasonably estimated and as additional accounting guidelines are issued. At March 31, 2025 and 2024, the Company had accruals reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as Other long-term liabilities of $223.8 million and $224.8 million, respectively. Estimated costs of current investigation and remediation activities of $65.9 million and $92.4 million are included in Other accruals at March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Actual costs incurred may vary from the accrued estimates due to the inherent uncertainties involved including, among others, the number and financial condition of parties involved with respect to any given site, the volumetric contribution which may be attributed to the Company relative to that attributed to other parties, the nature and magnitude of the wastes involved, the

various technologies that can be used for remediation and the determination of acceptable remediation with respect to a particular site. If the Company’s future loss contingency is ultimately determined to be at the unaccrued maximum of the estimated range of possible outcomes for every site for which costs can be reasonably estimated, the Company’s accrual for environmental-related activities would be $92.9 million higher than the minimum accruals at March 31, 2025. Additionally, costs for environmental-related activities may not be reasonably estimable at early stages of investigation and therefore would not be included in the unaccrued maximum amount.

Four of the Company’s currently and formerly owned manufacturing sites (Major Sites) account for the majority of the accrual for environmental-related activities and the unaccrued maximum of the estimated range of possible outcomes at March 31, 2025. At March 31, 2025, $242.3 million, or 83.6% of the total accrual, related directly to the Major Sites. In the aggregate unaccrued maximum of $92.9 million at March 31, 2025, $70.0 million, or 75.3%, related to the Major Sites. The significant cost components of this liability continue to be related to remedy implementation, regulatory agency interaction and project management and other costs. While different for each specific environmental situation, these components generally each account for approximately 85%, 10% and 5%, respectively, of the accrued amount and those percentages are subject to change over time. While environmental investigations and remedial actions are in different stages at these sites, additional investigations, remedial actions and monitoring will likely be required at each site.

The largest and most complex of the Major Sites is the Gibbsboro, New Jersey site (Gibbsboro) which comprises the substantial majority of the environmental-related accrual. Gibbsboro, a former manufacturing plant, and related areas, which ceased operations in 1978, has had various areas included on the National Priorities List since 1999. This location has soil, sediment, surface water and groundwater contamination related to the historic operations of the facility. Gibbsboro has been divided by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) into six operable units (OUs) based on location and characteristics, whose investigation and remediation efforts are likely to occur over an extended period of time. To date, the Company has completed remedy construction on three of the six operable units. While there are administrative tasks to be completed before final agency approval, the remediation phase of the work for these three OUs is effectively complete and future work for these OUs is anticipated to be limited. OUs are in various phases of investigation and remediation with the EPA that provide enough information to reasonably estimate cost ranges and record environmental-related accruals. The most significant assumptions underlying the reliability and precision of remediation cost estimates for the Gibbsboro site are the type and extent of future remedies to be selected by the EPA and the costs of implementing those remedies.

The remaining three Major Sites comprising the majority of the accrual include: (1) a multi-party Superfund site that (a) has received a record of decision from the federal EPA and is currently in the remedial design phase for one OU, (b) has received a record of decision from the federal EPA for an interim remedy for another OU and (c) has a remedial investigation ongoing for another OU, (2) a closed paint manufacturing facility that is in the operation and maintenance phase of remediation under both federal and state EPA programs and (3) a formerly-owned site containing warehouse and office space that is in the remedial/design investigation phase under a state EPA program. Each of these three Major Sites are in phases of investigation and remediation that provide sufficient information to reasonably estimate cost ranges and record environmental-related accruals.

Excluding the Major Sites discussed above, no sites are individually material to the total accrual balance. There are multiple, future events yet to occur, including further remedy selection and design, remedy implementation and execution, and securing applicable governmental agency approvals, all of which have the potential to contribute to the uncertainty surrounding these future events. As these events occur and to the extent that the cost estimates of the environmental remediation change, the existing reserve will be adjusted.

Management cannot presently estimate the ultimate potential loss contingencies related to these sites or other less significant sites until such time as a substantial portion of the investigation at the sites is completed and remedial action plans are developed. Unasserted claims could have a material effect on the Company’s loss contingency as more information becomes available over time. At March 31, 2025, the Company did not have material loss contingency accruals related to unasserted claims. Management does not expect that a material portion of unrecognized loss contingencies will be recoverable through insurance, indemnification agreements or other sources. In the event any future loss contingency significantly exceeds the current amount accrued, the recording of the ultimate liability may result in a material impact on Net income for the annual or interim period during which the additional costs are accrued. Moreover, management does not believe that any potential liability ultimately attributed to the Company for its environmental-related matters will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, liquidity or cash flow due to the extended length of time during which environmental investigation and remediation takes place. An estimate of the potential impact on the Company’s operations cannot be made due to the aforementioned uncertainties.

Management expects these contingent environmental-related liabilities to be resolved over an extended period of time. Management is unable to provide a more specific time frame due to the indeterminate amount of time to conduct investigation

activities at any site, the indeterminate amount of time to obtain environmental agency approval, as necessary, with respect to investigation and remediation activities, and the indeterminate amount of time necessary to conduct remediation activities.

Asset Retirement Obligations

The Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations Topic of the ASC requires a liability to be recognized for the fair value of a conditional asset retirement obligation if a settlement date and fair value can be reasonably estimated. The Company recognizes a liability for any conditional asset retirement obligation when sufficient information is available to reasonably estimate a settlement date to determine the fair value of such a liability. The Company has identified certain conditional asset retirement obligations at various current and closed manufacturing, distribution and store facilities. These obligations relate primarily to asbestos abatement, hazardous waste Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) closures, well abandonment, transformers and used oil disposals and underground storage tank closures. Using investigative, remediation and disposal methods that are currently available to the Company, the estimated costs of these obligations were accrued and are not significant. The recording of additional liabilities for future conditional asset retirement obligations may result in a material impact on Net income for the annual or interim period during which the costs are accrued. Management does not believe that any potential liability ultimately attributed to the Company for its conditional asset retirement obligations will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, liquidity or cash flow due to the extended period of time over which sufficient information may become available regarding the closure or modification of any one or group of the Company’s facilities. An estimate of the potential impact on the Company’s operations cannot be made due to the aforementioned uncertainties.

Real Estate Financing

The Company has entered into certain sale-leaseback agreements that do not qualify as asset sales and were accounted for as real estate financing transactions, one of which was to sell and subsequently lease back its partially-constructed new global headquarters. Net proceeds are recognized within the Financing Activities section in the Statements of Condensed Consolidated Cash Flows. The Company received the final proceeds for the new global headquarters in the first quarter of 2025 for a total of $800 million. The following tables summarize the activity related to this transaction and the corresponding balances recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024
Activity:
Proceeds received	$	40.9	$	77.0
Capitalized interest (1)	13.6		9.4

(1) Interest is capitalized within construction in progress in Property, plant and equipment, net.


	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024		2024
Balances:
Short-term liability (1)	$	50.3	$	49.7	$	43.3
Long-term liability (2)	757.8		715.9		550.7
Total liability	$	808.1	$	765.6	$	594.0

(1) The short-term portion of the liability is recorded in Other accruals.

(2) The long-term portion of the liability is recorded in Other long-term liabilities.

See Note 10 in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for more information concerning real estate financing.

NOTE 9 - LITIGATION

In the course of its business, the Company is subject to a variety of claims and lawsuits, including, but not limited to, litigation relating to product liability and warranty, personal injury, environmental, intellectual property, commercial, contractual and antitrust claims, that are inherently subject to many uncertainties regarding the possibility of a loss to the Company. Uncertainties to which litigation is inherently subject include, among other things, costs, unpredictable court or jury decisions that could affect other litigation against the Company and encourage an increase in the number and nature of future claims and proceedings and differing laws and regulations in jurisdictions where the Company operates. These uncertainties will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events occur or fail to occur confirming the incurrence of a liability or the reduction of a liability. In accordance with the Contingencies Topic of the ASC, the Company accrues for these contingencies by a charge to income when it is both probable that one or more future events will occur confirming the fact of a loss and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. In the event that the Company’s loss contingency is ultimately determined to be significantly higher than currently accrued, the recording of the additional liability may result in a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition for the annual or interim period during which such additional liability is accrued. In those cases where no accrual is recorded because it is not probable that a liability has been incurred or the amount of any such loss cannot be reasonably estimated, any potential liability ultimately determined to be attributable to the Company may result in a material impact on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition for the annual or interim period during which such liability is accrued. In those cases where no accrual is recorded or exposure to loss exists in excess of the amount accrued, the Contingencies Topic of the ASC requires disclosure of the contingency when there is a reasonable possibility that a loss or additional loss may have been incurred.

Due to the uncertainties involved in litigation, management is unable to predict the outcome of the litigation identified below, the number or nature of possible future claims and proceedings or the effect that any legislation and/or administrative regulations may have on the litigation or against the Company. In addition, management cannot reasonably determine the scope or amount of the potential costs and liabilities related to such litigation, or resulting from any such legislation and regulations. With respect to the litigation identified below, the Company has only accrued for the court-approved agreement related to the California Proceedings, identified in the Public Nuisance Claim Litigation section. For the remaining litigation identified below, the Company does not believe it is probable that a loss has occurred, or the Company believes it is not possible to estimate the range of potential losses. In addition, any potential liability that may result from any changes to legislation and regulations cannot reasonably be estimated. Due to the uncertainties associated with the amount of any such liability and/or the nature of any other remedy which may be imposed in litigation, any potential liability determined to be attributable to the Company arising out of such litigation may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of operations, liquidity or financial condition. An estimate of the potential impact on the Company’s results of operations, cash flow, liquidity or financial condition cannot be made due to the aforementioned uncertainties.

Lead pigment and lead-based paint litigation. The Company’s past operations included the manufacture and sale of lead pigments and lead-based paints. The Company, along with other companies, is and has been a defendant in a number of legal proceedings arising from the manufacture and sale of lead pigments and lead-based paints. The plaintiffs’ claims have been based upon various legal theories, including negligence, strict liability, breach of warranty, negligent misrepresentations and omissions, fraudulent misrepresentations and omissions, concert of action, civil conspiracy, violations of unfair trade practice and consumer protection laws, enterprise liability, market share liability, public nuisance, unjust enrichment and other theories. The Company has also been a defendant in legal proceedings arising from the manufacture and sale of non-lead-based paints that seek recovery based upon various legal theories, including the failure to adequately warn of potential exposure to lead during surface preparation when using non-lead-based paint on surfaces previously painted with lead-based paint. Other than the California Proceedings and currently pending cases, all of these legal proceedings have been concluded in favor of the Company and other defendants at various stages in the proceedings.

In addition, from time to time, various legislation and administrative regulations have been enacted, promulgated or proposed to impose obligations on present and former manufacturers of lead pigments and lead-based paints respecting asserted health concerns associated with such products or to overturn the effect of court decisions in which the Company and other manufacturers have been successful. The Company is vigorously defending all lead pigment and lead-based paint litigation. The Company expects that additional lead pigment and lead-based paint litigation may be filed against the Company in the future asserting similar or different legal theories and seeking similar or different types of damages and relief. The Company will continue to vigorously defend against any additional litigation that may be filed, including utilizing all avenues of appeal, if necessary.

Public Nuisance Claim Litigation*.* The Company and other companies have been defendants in legal proceedings seeking recovery based on public nuisance liability theories, among other theories, brought by various states, cities and counties, including by the State of Rhode Island; the City of St. Louis, Missouri; various cities and counties in the State of New Jersey; various cities in the State of Ohio and the State of Ohio; the City of Chicago, Illinois; the City of Milwaukee, Wisconsin; the County of Santa Clara, California and other public entities in the State of California (the California Proceedings); and Lehigh and Montgomery Counties in Pennsylvania. Except for the California Proceedings in which the Company reached a court-approved agreement in 2019 after nearly twenty years of litigation, all of those legal proceedings have been concluded in favor of the Company and other defendants at various stages in the proceedings. Most recently, on May 7, 2024, as further described below in Wisconsin Litigation, three plaintiffs filed amended complaints alleging, in part, public nuisance claims.

Wisconsin Litigation*.* The Company and other companies are or have been defendants in a number of legal proceedings seeking monetary damages and other relief from alleged personal injuries. The current proceedings consist of two federal court cases pending in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin (Ernest Gibson v. American Cyanamid, et al. and Deziree and Detareion Valoe v. American Cyanamid, et. al.) and one case pending in Milwaukee County Circuit Court in Wisconsin (Arrieona Beal v. Armstrong Containers, Inc., et al.). Those matters include claims by four individuals allegedly injured from ingestion of lead pigment or lead-containing paint while they were minors. The plaintiffs generally seek compensatory damages and have invoked Wisconsin’s risk contribution theory (which is similar to market share liability, except that liability can be joint and several) due to the plaintiff’s inability to identify the manufacturer of any product that allegedly injured the plaintiff.

On May 20, 2021, as a result of a decision in favor of the Company by United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit in the Ravon Owens v. American Cyanamid, et al., Cesar Sifuentes v. American Cyanamid, et al. and Glenn Burton, Jr. v. American Cyanamid, et al. cases, the Company and the three other defendants filed motions for summary judgment to dismiss all claims of the approximately 150 plaintiffs then pending in the Eastern District of Wisconsin, including the claims of Gibson and the Valoes. On March 3, 2022, the district court granted summary judgment in favor of the Company and the other defendants. On September 15, 2022, the plaintiffs filed notices of appeal with the Seventh Circuit, seeking to appeal the district court’s summary judgment in favor of the Company and the other defendants. On February 9, 2024, the Seventh Circuit affirmed the district court’s summary judgment in favor of the Company and the other defendants in all cases except those filed by Gibson and the Valoes, which cases were remanded to the district court for further proceedings. Following remand of the Gibson and Valoe cases, the three remaining plaintiffs filed amended complaints on May 7, 2024, alleging strict liability, negligence and public nuisance claims. The defendants filed motions to dismiss the plaintiffs’ amended complaints on June 20, 2024. On November 8, 2024, the district court granted in part and denied in part defendants’ motions to dismiss the amended complaints, dismissing the second cause of action for general negligence and plaintiffs’ abatement allegations, but otherwise permitting the case to proceed. On December 6, 2024, the Company and some of the other defendants filed a third-party complaint against NL Industries, Inc. (NL) and the owners and landlords of the properties where plaintiffs resided. On January 30, 2025, the district court entered a stipulated order dismissing NL pursuant to the execution of a Pierringer release settlement agreement between plaintiffs and NL where the plaintiffs have agreed to indemnify NL against claims for contribution from the Company and some of the other defendants. Some of the owners and landlords have filed motions to dismiss the third-party complaints, to which the Company has filed oppositions; these motions are pending.

In the separate state court proceeding, on August 24, 2021, Arrieona Beal filed an amended complaint in Milwaukee County Circuit Court, naming the Company and other alleged former lead pigment manufacturers as defendants pursuant to the risk contribution liability theory. The plaintiff previously had sued her landlords. On January 3, 2024, the Company and some of the other manufacturing defendants filed a third-party complaint against NL and cross-claims against the landlord defendants. On January 10, 2024, one of the landlord defendants filed a counterclaim and cross-claim against all parties. On February 27, 2025, landlord defendants Hattie and Jerry Mitchell were voluntarily dismissed pursuant to the execution of a Pierringer release settlement agreement between plaintiff and the landlord defendants where the plaintiff has agreed to indemnify the landlord defendants against claims for contribution from the Company and the other defendants.

Other matters. On December 18, 2019, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection, the Commissioner of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection and the Administrator of the New Jersey Spill Compensation Fund (collectively, the NJ DEP) filed a lawsuit against the Company in the Superior Court of New Jersey Law Division in Camden County, New Jersey. The NJ DEP seeks to recover natural resource damages, punitive damages and litigation fees and costs, as well as other costs, damages, declaratory relief and penalties pursuant to New Jersey state statutes and common law theories in connection with the alleged discharge of hazardous substances and pollutants at the Company’s Gibbsboro, New Jersey site, a former manufacturing plant and related facilities. Following expert discovery, on November 20, 2024, the Company filed a motion in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey seeking to enforce the terms of an April 2019 Remedial Design/Remedial Action Consent Decree between the Company and the United States Environmental Protection Agency (the Consent Decree) that is being attacked by the NJ DEP’s state court lawsuit. On December 21, 2024, the United States filed a brief in opposition to the Company’s motion, to which the Company filed a reply brief. The Company’s motion regarding the Consent Decree remains pending in federal court. Meanwhile, on November 20, 2024, the Company filed a motion to stay the

state court proceedings pending resolution of the Company’s motion regarding the Consent Decree. On December 19, 2024, the state court denied the Company’s stay motion, but suspended all then-pending dates in the court’s schedule, including the previous trial date of March 10, 2025, until an ongoing discovery dispute between the Company and the NJ DEP is resolved. On December 20, 2024, the NJ DEP filed a motion for partial summary judgment seeking to find the Company liable under the Spill Act and Solid Waste Management Act, which the state court denied on January 31, 2025. The state court has set a trial date of February 23, 2026.

In July 2024, a third-party assurance, testing, inspection and certification provider changed its listing for one of the Company’s protective coatings products, an intumescent coating used for fire protection of steel beam assemblies. The Company has received claims regarding this matter and is working with its customers and end users to assist in understanding the potential impacts of the listing change, including the extent of potential remedial action that may involve the application of additional product. The Company’s review of this matter is ongoing. Except for an immaterial product warranty liability which remains recorded on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2025, any additional amount or range of potential loss cannot be reasonably estimated at this time.

NOTE 10 - SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Dividends

The following table summarizes the dividends declared and paid on common stock:


	2025				2024
	Cash Dividend Per Share		Total Dividends (in millions)		Cash Dividend Per Share		Total Dividends (in millions)
First Quarter	$	0.79	$	200.4	$	0.715	$	182.5

Treasury Stock

The Company acquires its common stock for general corporate purposes through its publicly announced share repurchase program. As of March 31, 2025, the Company had remaining authorization from its Board of Directors to purchase 33.4 million shares of its common stock. The table below summarizes share repurchases:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,
	2025		2024
Treasury stock purchases (in millions)	$	351.7	$	545.5
Treasury stock purchases (in shares)	1,000,000		1,700,000
Average price per share	$	351.68	$	320.86

Other Activity

During the three months ended March 31, 2025, 198,718 stock options were exercised at a weighted average price per share of $134.53. In addition, 175,344 restricted stock units vested during the same period.

Subsequent Event

Effective April 16, 2025, the Company’s shareholders approved The Sherwin-Williams Company 2025 Equity and Incentive Compensation Plan (2025 Plan). The 2025 Plan replaces The Sherwin-Williams Company 2006 Equity and Performance Incentive Plan (Amended and Restated as of October 13, 2023), The Sherwin-Williams Company 2006 Stock Plan for Nonemployee Directors and The Sherwin-Williams Company 2007 Executive Annual Performance Bonus Plan (Amended and Restated as of October 13, 2023). The 2025 Plan has an aggregate of 21,969,555 shares of common stock available for awards.

NOTE 11 - ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The components of Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI), including the reclassification adjustments for items that were reclassified from AOCI to Net income, are shown below.


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits Adjustments		Unrealized Net Gains on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance at December 31, 2024	$	(972.9)	$	73.1	$	24.6	$	(875.2)
Amounts recognized in AOCI (1)	106.6						106.6
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (2), (3)			(3.4)		(0.9)		(4.3)
Balance at March 31, 2025	$	(866.3)	$	69.7	$	23.7	$	(772.9)

(1) Foreign currency translation adjustments include changes in the fair value of cross currency swap contracts of $(36.3) million, net of taxes during the three months ended March 31, 2025. See Note 12.

(2) Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustments are net of taxes of $1.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. See Note 7.

(3) Unrealized net gains on cash flow hedges are net of taxes of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2025. See Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income.


	Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments		Pension and Other Postretirement Benefits Adjustments		Unrealized Net Gains on Cash Flow Hedges		Total
Balance at December 31, 2023	$	(716.9)	$	64.3	$	28.3	$	(624.3)
Amounts recognized in AOCI (1)	(75.3)						(75.3)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (2), (3)			(4.5)		(0.9)		(5.4)
Balance at March 31, 2024	$	(792.2)	$	59.8	$	27.4	$	(705.0)

(1) Foreign currency translation adjustments include changes in the fair value of cross currency swap contracts of $18.3 million, net of taxes during the three months ended March 31, 2024. See Note 12.

(2) Pension and other postretirement benefits adjustments are net of taxes of $1.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. See Note 7.

(3) Unrealized net gains on cash flow hedges are net of taxes of $0.3 million for the three months ended March 31, 2024. See Statements of Consolidated Comprehensive Income.

NOTE 12 - DERIVATIVES AND HEDGING

Net Investment Hedges

The Company has entered into U.S. Dollar to euro cross currency swap contracts with various counterparties to hedge the Company’s net investment in its European operations. During the term of the contracts, the Company will pay fixed-rate interest in euros and receive fixed-rate interest in U.S. Dollars, thereby effectively converting a portion of the Company’s U.S. Dollar denominated fixed-rate debt to euro denominated fixed-rate debt. The outstanding contracts as of March 31, 2025 are summarized by maturity date in the table below.


Notional Value		Maturity Date
$	200.0	August 8, 2025
687.7		June 1, 2027
100.0		March 1, 2028
525.0		August 15, 2029
100.0		September 1, 2031
$	1,612.7

The following table summarizes the balance sheet location of the cross currency swap contracts. See Note 13 for additional information on the fair value of these contracts.


	March 31,		December 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024		2024
Other current assets	$	1.0	$	9.4	$	2.6
Other assets	3.3		39.5		0.7

Other long-term liabilities	3.6		—		3.4

The changes in fair value of the cross currency swap contracts are recognized in the foreign currency translation adjustments component of AOCI. The following table summarizes the unrealized (losses) gains:


	Three Months Ended
	March 31,		March 31,
	2025		2024
(Losses) gains	$	(48.2)	$	24.3
Tax effect	11.9		(6.0)
(Losses) gains, net of taxes	$	(36.3)	$	18.3

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

The Company enters into foreign currency option and forward contracts with maturity dates less than twelve months primarily to hedge against value changes in foreign currency. The related gains and losses are recorded in Other expense (income) - net. See Note 15 for further details. There were no material foreign currency option and forward contracts outstanding at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024.

NOTE 13 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures Topic of the ASC applies to the Company’s financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. The guidance applies when other standards require or permit the fair value measurement of assets and liabilities. Under the guidance, assets and liabilities measured at fair value are categorized as follows:

Level 1: Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets

Level 2: Significant other observable inputs

Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs

There were no assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis classified as Level 3 at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024. Except for the acquisition related fair value measurements described in Note 3, there were no assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. The following table presents the Company’s financial assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, categorized using the fair value hierarchy.


	March 31, 2025						December 31, 2024						March 31, 2024
	Total		Level 1		Level 2		Total		Level 1		Level 2		Total		Level 1		Level 2
Assets:
Deferred compensation plan	$	99.2	$	99.2	$	—	$	98.6	$	98.6	$	—	$	90.7	$	90.7	$	—
Net investment hedges	4.3		—		4.3		48.9		—		48.9		3.3		—		3.3
Available-for-sale debt securities	—		—		—		—		—		—		4.7		—		4.7
	$	103.5	$	99.2	$	4.3	$	147.5	$	98.6	$	48.9	$	98.7	$	90.7	$	8.0

Liabilities:

Net investment hedges	$	3.6	$	—	$	3.6	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	3.4	$	—	$	3.4

The deferred compensation plan assets consist of investment funds maintained for future payments under the Company’s executive deferred compensation plans, which are structured as rabbi trusts. The investments are marketable securities accounted for under the Debt and Equity Securities Topics of the ASC. The level 1 investments are valued using quoted market

prices multiplied by the number of shares. There was $6.9 million, $7.0 million and $6.6 million of deferred compensation plan assets held in partnership funds measured using net asset value (or its equivalent) as a practical expedient as of March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively. These investments are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. The cost basis of all investments within the deferred compensation plan was $84.8 million, $82.7 million and $78.1 million at March 31, 2025, December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024, respectively.

The net investment hedges represent the fair value of the cross currency swaps. See Note 12 for further details. The fair value is based on a valuation model that uses observable inputs, including interest rate curves and the euro foreign currency rate.

The available-for-sale debt securities consisted of bonds issued by a foreign government that settled in 2024. The fair value was based on pricing models that use observable data from a market with limited activity. The cost basis at March 31, 2024 was $6.7 million.

The carrying amounts reported for Cash and cash equivalents and Short-term borrowings approximate fair value.

The fair value of the Company’s publicly traded debt is based on quoted market prices. The fair value of the Company’s non-publicly traded debt is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses, based on the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. The Company’s publicly traded debt and non-publicly traded debt are classified as Level 1 and Level 2, respectively, in the fair value hierarchy. The following table summarizes the carrying amounts and fair values of the Company’s publicly traded debt and non-publicly traded debt.


	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024				March 31, 2024
	Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value		Carrying Amount		Fair Value
Publicly traded debt	$	8,977.7	$	8,000.1	$	9,225.8	$	8,172.8	$	9,477.9	$	8,464.2
Non-publicly traded debt	0.2		0.2		0.2		0.2		0.7		0.6

NOTE 14 - REVENUE

The Company manufactures and sells paint, stains, supplies, equipment and floor covering through company-operated stores, branded and private label products through retailers and a broad range of industrial coatings directly to global manufacturing customers through company-operated branches. A large portion of the Company’s revenue is recognized at a point in time and made to customers who are not engaged in a long-term supply agreement or any form of contract with the Company. These sales are paid for at the time of sale in cash, credit card or on account with the vast majority of customers having terms between 30 and 60 days, not to exceed one year. Many customers who purchase on account take advantage of early payment discounts offered by paying within 30 days of being invoiced. The Company estimates variable consideration for these sales on the basis of both historical information and current trends to estimate the expected amount of discounts to which customers are likely to be entitled.

The remaining revenue is governed by long-term supply agreements and related purchase orders (contracts) that specify shipping terms and aspects of the transaction price including rebates, discounts and other sales incentives, such as advertising support. Contracts are at standalone pricing. The performance obligation in these contracts is determined by each of the individual purchase orders and the respective stated quantities, with revenue being recognized at a point in time when obligations under the terms of the agreement are satisfied. This generally occurs with the transfer of control of our products to the customer. Sales, value add and other taxes we collect concurrent with revenue-producing activities are excluded from revenue.

Refer to Note 18 for the Company’s disaggregation of Net sales by reportable segment. As the reportable segments are aligned by similar economic factors, trends and customers, this disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors. Approximately 80% of the Company’s Net sales are in the North America region (which is comprised of the United States, Canada and the Caribbean region), slightly less than 10% in the EMEAI region (Europe, Middle East, Africa and India), with the remaining global regions accounting for the residual balance. No country outside of the United States is individually significant.

The Company has made payments or given credits for various incentives at the beginning of a long-term contract where future revenue is expected and before satisfaction of performance obligations. Under these circumstances, the Company recognizes a contract asset and amortizes these prepayments over the expected benefit life of the long-term contract, typically on a straight-line basis.

The majority of variable consideration in the Company’s contracts include volume rebates, discounts and other incentives, where the customer receives a retrospective percentage rebate based on the amount of their purchases. In these situations, the rebates are accrued as a fixed percentage of sales and recorded as a reduction of Net sales until paid to the customer per the terms of the contract. Forms of variable consideration such as tiered rebates, whereby a customer receives a retrospective price decrease dependent on the volume of their purchases, are calculated using a forecasted percentage to determine the most likely amount to accrue. Management creates a baseline calculation using historical sales and then utilizing forecast information, estimates the anticipated sales volume each quarter to calculate the expected reduction to Net sales. The remainder of the transaction price is fixed as agreed upon with the customer, limiting estimation of revenues, including constraints.

The Company’s Accounts receivable and current and long-term contract assets and liabilities are summarized in the following table.


	Accounts Receivable, Less Allowance		Contract Assets (Current)		Contract Assets (Long-Term)		Contract Liabilities (Current)		Contract Liabilities (Long-Term)
Balance sheet caption:	Accounts receivable, net		Other current assets		Other assets		Other accruals		Other long-term liabilities
Balance at December 31, 2024	$	2,388.8	$	55.0	$	231.0	$	386.2	$	1.6
Balance at March 31, 2025	2,813.1		82.7		234.1		245.8		15.0

The difference between the opening and closing balances of the Company’s contract assets and contract liabilities primarily results from the timing difference between the contractual performance obligation and the associated payment.

Provisions for estimated returns are established and the expected costs continue to be recognized as contra-revenue per ASC 606 when the products are sold. The Company only offers an assurance type warranty on products sold, and there is no material service to the customer beyond fixing defects that existed at the time of sale and no warranties are sold separately.

Warranty liabilities are excluded from the table above. Amounts recognized during the year from deferred revenue were not material. The Company records a right of return liability within each of its operations to accrue for expected customer returns. Historical actual returns are used to estimate future returns as a percentage of current sales. Obligations for returns and refunds were not material individually or in the aggregate.

Allowance for Current Expected Credit Losses

Accounts receivable are recorded at the time of credit sales, net of an allowance for current expected credit losses. The Company records an allowance for current expected credit losses to reduce Accounts receivable to the net amount expected to be collected (estimated net realizable value).

Under ASC 326, the Company reviews the collectability of the Accounts receivable balance each reporting period and estimates the allowance for current expected credit losses based on historical bad debt experience, aging of accounts receivable, current creditworthiness of customers, current economic factors, as well as reasonable and supportable forward-looking information. Accounts receivable balances are written-off against the allowance for current expected credit losses if a final determination of uncollectibility is made. All provisions for the allowance for current expected credit losses are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses.

The following table summarizes the movement in the Company’s allowance for current expected credit losses:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Beginning balance	$	60.4	$	59.6
Bad debt expense	11.9		18.1
Uncollectible accounts written off, net of recoveries	(3.9)		(12.0)
Ending balance	$	68.4	$	65.7

NOTE 15 - OTHER (INCOME) EXPENSE

Other general expense - net

Included in Other general expense - net were the following:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Provisions for environmental matters - net	$	3.1	$	3.6

Gain on sale or disposition of assets	(2.1)		(3.4)
Other	7.9		1.8
Other general expense - net	$	8.9	$	2.0

Provisions for environmental matters - net represent initial provisions for site-specific estimated costs of environmental investigation or remediation and increases or decreases to environmental-related accruals as information becomes available upon which more accurate costs can be reasonably estimated and as additional accounting guidelines are issued. See Note 8 for further details on the Company’s environmental-related activities.

Gain on sale or disposition of assets represents the net gains associated with the sale or disposal of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets previously used in the conduct of the primary business of the Company.

There were no items within the Other caption that were individually significant.

Other expense (income) - net

Included in Other expense (income) - net were the following:


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Net investment gains	$	(3.2)	$	(5.1)

Net expense from banking activities	3.9		3.3
Foreign currency transaction related losses - net	10.0		7.6
Miscellaneous pension and benefit income	(3.4)		(4.9)
Other income	(10.4)		(9.0)
Other expense	6.0		0.4
Other expense (income) - net	$	2.9	$	(7.7)

Net investment gains primarily relate to the change in market value of the investments held in the deferred compensation plan. The three months ended March 31, 2024 also included the change in market value related to bonds issued by a foreign government. See Note 13 for further details on the fair value of these investments.

Foreign currency transaction related losses - net include the impact from foreign currency transactions, including from highly inflationary economies such as Argentina, and net realized (gains) losses from foreign currency option and forward contracts. See Note 12 for further details regarding these foreign currency contracts.

Miscellaneous pension and benefit income consists of the non-service components of net periodic pension and benefit (credit) cost. See Note 7 for further details.

Other income and other expense include items of revenue, gains, expenses and losses that were unrelated to the primary business purpose of the Company. There were no items within the other income or other expense caption that were individually significant.

NOTE 16 - INCOME TAXES

The effective tax rate was 22.8% for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 21.1% for the first quarter of 2024. The increase in the effective tax rate was primarily due to a less favorable impact from tax benefits related to employee share-based payments. The other significant components of the Company’s effective tax rate were consistent year-over-year.

At December 31, 2024, the Company had $99.3 million in unrecognized tax benefits, the recognition of which would have an effect of $84.0 million on the effective tax rate. Included in the balance of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2024 was $7.9 million related to tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that the total amounts could significantly change during the next twelve months.

The Company classifies all income tax related interest and penalties as income tax expense. At December 31, 2024, the Company had accrued $18.8 million for the potential payment of income tax interest and penalties.

There were no significant changes to any of the balances of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2024 during the first three months of 2025.

The Company and its subsidiaries file income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and various state and foreign jurisdictions. The Company finalized the IRS audit for the 2017 through 2019 income tax returns in the fourth quarter of 2024 and paid the tax assessment in the first quarter of 2025. The Company expects to pay the related interest assessment in the second quarter of 2025. As of March 31, 2025, the federal statute of limitations has not expired for the 2020 through 2024 tax years.

At March 31, 2025, the Company is subject to non-U.S. income tax examinations for the tax years of 2014 through 2024. In addition, the Company is subject to state and local income tax examinations for the tax years 2017 through 2024.

NOTE 17 - NET INCOME PER SHARE

Basic and diluted net income per share are calculated using the treasury stock method.


	Three Months Ended March 31,
	2025		2024
Basic
Net income	$	503.9	$	505.2
Weighted average shares outstanding	249.4		252.5
Basic net income per share	$	2.02	$	2.00

Diluted
Net income	$	503.9	$	505.2
Weighted average shares outstanding assuming dilution:
Weighted average shares outstanding	249.4		252.5
Stock options and other contingently issuable shares (1)	3.1		3.3

Weighted average shares outstanding assuming dilution	252.5		255.8
Diluted net income per share	$	2.00	$	1.97

(1)There were 1.0 million and 0.1 million of stock options and other contingently issuable shares excluded due to their anti-dilutive effect for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

NOTE 18 - REPORTABLE SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company reports its segment information in the same way that management internally organizes its business for assessing performance and making decisions regarding the allocation of resources in accordance with the Segment Reporting Topic of the ASC. The Company determined it has three reportable segments: Paint Stores Group, Consumer Brands Group and Performance Coatings Group (individually, a Reportable Segment and collectively, the Reportable Segments). Refer to Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 for further details on the Company’s Reportable Segments.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2025
	Paint Stores Group			Consumer Brands Group			Performance Coatings Group			Administrative		Consolidated Totals
Net sales	$	2,939.8		$	762.2		$	1,602.0		$	1.7	$	5,305.7
Intersegment transfers	—			1,221.0			5.3			(1,226.3)		—
Total net sales and intersegment transfers	2,939.8			1,983.2			1,607.3			(1,224.6)		5,305.7

Cost of goods sold	1,307.9			1,632.7			1,036.0			(1,230.0)		2,746.6
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,093.0			217.7			351.5			131.6		1,793.8
Interest expense	—			—			—			103.8		103.8
Other segment items (1)	(2.3)			0.9			7.1			2.8		8.5
Income before income taxes	$	541.2		$	131.9		$	212.7		$	(232.8)	$	653.0
% to Net sales	18.4		%	17.3		%	13.3		%	nm		12.3		%

Supplemental Information:
Capital expenditures	$	26.7		$	56.9		$	12.4		$	93.3	$	189.3
Depreciation (2)	22.1			45.9			4.8			7.1		79.9
Amortization (3)	0.4			16.8			63.5			0.3		81.0

nm - not meaningful

(1) Other segment items includes Other general expense - net, Interest income and Other expense (income) - net. See Note 15.

(2) Depreciation is recorded within Cost of goods sold and Selling, general and administrative expenses.

(3) Amortization is recorded with Selling, general and administrative expenses.


	Three Months Ended March 31, 2024
	Paint Stores Group			Consumer Brands Group			Performance Coatings Group			Administrative		Consolidated Totals
Net sales	$	2,873.0		$	811.0		$	1,681.9		$	1.4	$	5,367.3
Intersegment transfers	—			1,211.8			37.1			(1,248.9)		—
Total net sales and intersegment transfers	2,873.0			2,022.8			1,719.0			(1,247.5)		5,367.3

Cost of good sold	1,320.9			1,639.6			1,121.5			(1,245.7)		2,836.3
Selling, general and administrative expenses	1,065.8			223.1			358.3			152.6		1,799.8
Interest expense	—			—			—			103.0		103.0
Other segment items (1)	(6.9)			6.7			1.5			(13.1)		(11.8)
Income before income taxes	$	493.2		$	153.4		$	237.7		$	(244.3)	$	640.0
% to Net Sales	17.2		%	18.9		%	14.1		%	nm		11.9		%

Supplemental Information:
Capital expenditures	$	35.7		$	80.7		$	—		$	167.4	$	283.8
Depreciation (2)	21.4			37.2			5.7			6.8		71.1
Amortization (3)	0.8			17.0			63.8			0.5		82.1

nm - not meaningful

(1) Other segment items includes Other general expense - net, Interest income and Other expense (income) - net. See Note 15.

(2) Depreciation is recorded within Cost of goods sold and Selling, general and administrative expenses.

(3) Amortization is recorded with Selling, general and administrative expenses.

In the reportable segment financial information, Segment profit represents each reportable segment’s Income before income taxes. Domestic intersegment transfers are primarily accounted for at the approximate fully absorbed manufactured cost, based on normal capacity volumes, plus customary distribution costs for paint products. Non-paint domestic and all international intersegment transfers are primarily accounted for at values comparable to normal unaffiliated customer sales. All intersegment transfers are eliminated within the Administrative function. Due to the nature of the Company’s integrated manufacturing operations and centralized administrative and information technology support, a substantial amount of allocations are made to determine segment financial information. Expenses that are specifically identifiable to a certain Reportable Segment are allocated accordingly. For expenses that are not specifically identifiable to a certain Reportable Segment, an appropriate allocation base is identified, and expenses are allocated based on each segment’s respective share of the allocation base. The significant expense categories and amounts align with the segment-level information that is regularly provided to the Chief Operating Decision Maker (CODM) and includes intersegment expenses within the amounts shown.

Net sales of all consolidated foreign subsidiaries were $1.045 billion and $1.103 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Long-lived assets of these subsidiaries totaled $3.583 billion and $3.524 billion at March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. Domestic operations accounted for the remaining Net sales and long-lived assets. No single geographic area outside the United States was significant relative to consolidated Net sales, Income before income taxes or consolidated long-lived assets. Export sales and sales to any individual customer were each less than 10% of consolidated Net sales in 2025 and 2024.

The following table presents identifiable assets for each of the Company’s Reportable Segments:


	Paint Stores Group		Consumer Brands Group		Performance Coatings Group		Administrative		Consolidated Totals
March 31, 2025	$	6,143.8	$	7,156.8	$	8,071.1	$	3,264.4	$	24,636.1
December 31, 2024	5,878.0		6,854.7		7,847.4		3,052.5		23,632.6
March 31, 2024	5,936.5		6,850.6		8,217.3		2,423.7		23,428.1

For further details on the Company’s Reportable Segments, see Note 22 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Previous: Cover and table of contents · Next: Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF