Smurfit Westrock (SW) risk factors: FY2025 10-K

1. As a leading global manufacturing business, we have been, and may be in the future, materially adversely affected by factors that are beyond our control, such as economic and financial market conditions, geopolitical conflicts and other social and political unrest or change.
2. We may be adversely affected by uncertainty, downturns, actions taken by competitors (such as the addition of new capacity) or other changes in the paper and packaging industry; in addition, the cyclical nature of the paper and packaging industry could result in overcapacity and depress prices for our products.
3. Our earnings are highly dependent on demand.
4. Price fluctuations in, or shortages in the availability of, energy, transportation and raw materials could adversely affect our business.
5. We are exposed to significant competition in the paper and packaging industry, and if we are unable to compete effectively, our results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, and the trading price of our ordinary shares, could be adversely affected.

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1. We may experience business disruptions that adversely affect our operations.
2. We may fail to anticipate trends and develop or integrate new technologies that would enable us to offer products that respond to changing customer preferences or to protect intellectual property related to our products and technologies.
3. Our capital expenditures may not achieve the desired outcomes or may be completed at a higher cost than anticipated.
4. We are exposed to risks related to international sales and operations.
5. We could be exposed to currency exchange rate fluctuation risks.
6. We may produce faulty or contaminated products due to failures in quality control measures and systems, which could negatively impact our business and share price.
7. We are subject to cybersecurity risks that could threaten the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data in our systems, and could result in disruptions to our operations and adversely affect our operations, cash flows and financial condition.Cybersecurity
8. We may be adversely impacted by work stoppages and other labor relations matters.
9. We operate in a challenging market for talent and may not be able to attract, motivate and/or retain qualified personnel, including our key personnel.
10. We face challenges associated with sustainability matters, including the impact of climate change and its potential impact on areas such as our operations and raw material availability, which could have a significant impact on our reputation, business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, and the trading price of our ordinary shares.reworded
11. cost of compliance or the failure to comply with, and any liabilities under, current and future laws and regulations may negativelynew
12. Failure by us to successfully implement strategic transformation initiatives, including those relating to information technology infrastructure, or to achieve our mid-range or long-range targets and goals could adversely affect our business and share price.reworded
13. If we are unsuccessful in integrating acquisitions or if disposals result in unexpected costs or liabilities, our business could be materially and adversely affected.
14. We face risks related to the Combination.new

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1. Our continued growth depends on our ability to retain existing customers and attract new customers.
2. Our debt could adversely affect our financial health and operating flexibility.reworded
3. Adverse credit and financial market events and conditions, as well as credit rating downgrades, could, among other things, impede access to or increase the cost of financing, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, and the trading price of our ordinary shares.reworded
4. We have a significant amount of goodwill and other intangible assets and a write-down could materially adversely impact our operating results.
5. We have a number of pension arrangements that are currently in deficit and may require increased funding due to statutory requirements.reworded
6. including the distributions of earnings to the Company by its subsidiaries, the financial condition and results of operations of thenew
7. Company, as well as the distributable reserves of the Company at the discretion of the Company’s Board, and there are no guarantees that the Company will pay dividends or will maintain or increase the level of any such dividends or that the Company will conduct share repurchases.reworded
8. Changes in existing financial accounting standards or practices may have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition, and the trading price of our ordinary shares.reworded

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1. We are subject to a wide variety of laws, regulations and other requirements that may change or may impose substantial compliance costs, and non-compliance with such laws and regulations may negatively affect our business.
2. We are subject to a growing number of environmental laws and regulations, and the cost of compliance or the failure to comply
3. Changes to trade policy, including tariff and customs regulations, or failure to comply with such regulations may have an adverse effect on our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations.Tariffs
4. We are subject to compliance with antitrust and similar legislation in the jurisdictions in which we operate.
5. We are subject to a number of laws and regulations relating to privacy, security and data protection, and failure to comply with such laws and regulations could adversely affect our business and our financial condition or lead to fines and/or litigation.
6. threaten the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data in our systems, and could result in disruptions to our operations and
7. Failure to comply with applicable occupational health and safety laws and regulations or maintain good health and safety and employee well-being practices in our facilities may have a material adverse effect on our business.
8. factors that are beyond our control, such as economic and financial market conditions, geopolitical conflicts and other social andnew
9. The Company’s maintenance of two exchange listings may adversely affect liquidity in the market for our shares and result in
10. We are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and we may continue to incur significant costs and devote substantial management time towards maintaining and improving our internal controls, which may materially adversely affect our operating results in the future.reworded

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1. We are incorporated in Ireland and Irish law differs from the laws in effect in the U.S. and might afford less protection to our shareholders.
2. Any attempts to acquire the Company will be subject to the Irish Takeover Rules and subject to the supervisory jurisdiction of the
3. Irish Takeover Panel and the Board may be limited by the Irish Takeover Rules in its ability to defend an unsolicited takeover attempt.

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Headings in the FY2024 10-K with no match this year.

1. We may not realize all of the benefits of the recent Combination or such benefits may take longer than anticipated or may be lower than estimated.
2. We may fail to successfully integrate Smurfit Kappa and WestRock, including their individual cultures and philosophies.
3. which will place significant demands on our management team, financial controls and reporting systems, and will require a substantial amount of management time. This may materially adversely affect our operating results.
4. identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting that could, if not remediated, result in material
5. We have identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting that could, if not remediated, result in material misstatements in our financial statements and cause us to fail to meet our reporting and financial obligations.
6. Any dividend payment in respect of our shares is subject to a number of factors, including the distributions of earnings to the
7. leading global manufacturing business, we have been, and may be in the future, adversely affected by factors that are beyond our