TJX Companies 10-K 2014-02-01
Filed 2014-04-01. 20 sections, 326K characters. Original on sec.gov · Markdown · JSON
Cover and table of contents
10-K 1 d650209d10k.htm 10-K
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 10-K
[ x ] Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended February 1, 2014
OR
[ ] Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from to Commission file number 1-4908
The TJX Companies, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
| Delaware | 04-2207613 | |
| (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | (IRS Employer Identification No.) | |
| 770 Cochituate Road | ||
| Framingham, Massachusetts | 01701 | |
| (Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) | |
| Registrant’s telephone number, including area code (508) 390-1000 |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
| Title of each class | Name of each exchange on which registered | |
| Common Stock, par value $1.00 per share | New York Stock Exchange |
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. YES [ X ] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. YES [ ] NO [ X ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [ X ] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). YES [ X ] NO [ ]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer”, and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
| Large Accelerated Filer [ x ] | Accelerated Filer [ ] | Non-Accelerated Filer [ ] | Smaller Reporting Company [ ] | |||
| (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES [ ] NO [ X ]
The aggregate market value of the voting common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on August 3, 2013, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, was $38,305,480,702 based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.
There were 703,683,274 shares of the registrant’s common stock, $1.00 par value, outstanding as of March 1, 2014.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Portions of the Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 10, 2014 (Part III).
CAUTIONARY NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Form 10-K and our 2013 Annual Report to Shareholders contain “forward-looking statements” intended to qualify for the safe harbor from liability established by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including some of the statements in this Form 10-K under Item 1, “Business,” Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” and Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” and in our 2013 Annual Report to Shareholders under our letter to shareholders and our performance graphs. Forward-looking statements are inherently subject to risks, uncertainties and potentially inaccurate assumptions. Such statements give our current expectations or forecasts of future events; they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. We have generally identified such statements by using words indicative of the future such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “intend,” “looking forward,” “may,” “plan,” “potential,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will” and “would” or any variations of these words or other words with similar meanings. All statements that address activities, events or developments that we intend, expect or believe may occur in the future are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or Exchange Act. These “forward-looking statements” may relate to such matters as our future actions, future performance or results of current and anticipated sales, expenses, interest rates, foreign exchange rates and results and the outcome of contingencies such as legal proceedings.
We cannot guarantee that the results and other expectations expressed, anticipated or implied in any forward-looking statement will be realized. The risks set forth under Item 1A of this Form 10-K describe major risks to our business. A variety of factors including these risks could cause our actual results and other expectations to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed, anticipated or implied in our forward-looking statements. Should known or unknown risks materialize, or should our underlying assumptions prove inaccurate, actual results could differ materially from past results and those anticipated, estimated or projected in the forward-looking statements. You should bear this in mind as you consider forward-looking statements.
Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the dates on which they are made, and we do not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, whether to reflect new information, future events or otherwise. You are advised, however, to consult any further disclosures we may make in our future reports to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), on our website, or otherwise.
PART I
Item 1. Business
BUSINESS OVERVIEW
The TJX Companies, Inc. (TJX) is the leading off-price apparel and home fashions retailer in the United States and worldwide. Our over 3,200 stores offer a rapidly changing assortment of quality, fashionable, brand name and designer merchandise at prices generally 20% to 60% below department and specialty store regular prices on comparable merchandise, every day.
Our stores are known for our value proposition of brand, fashion, quality and price and offer a treasure hunt shopping experience through the rapid turn of inventories relative to traditional retailers. Our opportunistic buying strategies and flexible business model also differentiate us from traditional retailers. Our goal is to create a sense of excitement and urgency for our customers and encourage frequent customer visits. We acquire merchandise in a variety of ways to support that goal. We reach a broad range of customers across many income levels and other demographic groups with our value proposition. Our strategies and operating platforms are synergistic across all of our retail chains. As a result, we are able to leverage our expertise throughout our business, sharing information, best practices, initiatives and new ideas, and developing talent across our Company. We also leverage the substantial buying power of our businesses in our global relationships with vendors.
Our Businesses. We operate our business in four major divisions: Marmaxx and HomeGoods, both in the U.S., TJX Canada and TJX Europe.
MARMAXX:
Our T.J. Maxx and Marshalls chains in the United States (referred to together as The Marmaxx Group or Marmaxx) are collectively the largest off-price retailer in the United States with a total of 2,021 stores. We founded T.J. Maxx in 1976 and acquired Marshalls in 1995. Both chains sell family apparel (including footwear and accessories), home fashions (including home basics, accent furniture, lamps, rugs, wall décor, decorative accessories and giftware) and other merchandise. We primarily differentiate T.J. Maxx and Marshalls through different product assortment (including an expanded assortment of fine jewelry and accessories and a designer section called The Runway at T.J. Maxx and a full line of footwear, a broader men’s offering and a juniors’ department called The Cube at Marshalls) and in-store initiatives. This differentiated shopping experience at T.J. Maxx and Marshalls encourages our customers to shop both chains. We launched our new e-commerce website, tjmaxx.com in 2013.
HOMEGOODS:
Our HomeGoods chain, introduced in 1992, is the leading off-price retailer of home fashions in the U.S. Through its 450 stores, HomeGoods offers a broad array of home fashions, including home basics, giftware, accent furniture, lamps, rugs, wall décor, decorative accessories from around the world, seasonal and other merchandise.
TJX CANADA:
Our TJX Canada division operates the Winners, HomeSense and Marshalls chains in Canada. Acquired in 1990, Winners is the leading off-price apparel and home fashions retailer in Canada. The merchandise offering at its 227 stores across Canada is comparable to T.J. Maxx, with select stores offering fine jewelry and The Runway, a designer section. We opened our HomeSense chain in 2001, bringing the home fashions off-price concept to Canada. HomeSense has 91 stores with a merchandise mix of home fashions similar to HomeGoods. We brought Marshalls to Canada in 2011 and operate 27 Marshalls stores in Canada. Like Marshalls in the U.S., our Canadian Marshalls stores offer an expanded footwear department and The Cube juniors’ department, differentiating them from Winners stores.
TJX EUROPE:
Our TJX Europe division operates the T.K. Maxx and HomeSense chains in Europe. Launched in 1994, T.K. Maxx introduced off-price to Europe and remains Europe’s only major brick-and-mortar off-price retailer of apparel and home fashions. With 371 stores, T.K. Maxx operates in the U.K., Ireland, Germany and Poland. Through its stores and its e-commerce website for the U.K., tkmaxx.com, T.K. Maxx offers a merchandise mix similar to T.J. Maxx, Marshalls and Winners. We brought the off-price home fashions concept to Europe, opening HomeSense in the U.K. in 2008. Its 28 stores in the U.K. offer a merchandise mix of home fashions similar to that of HomeGoods in the U.S. and HomeSense in Canada.
Additionally, we operate Sierra Trading Post, acquired in 2012, a leading off-price Internet retailer of brand name outdoor gear, family apparel and footwear, sporting goods and home fashions. Sierra Trading Post launched its e-commerce site, sierratradingpost.com, in 1998 and operates four retail stores in the U.S.
Flexible Business Model. Our flexible off-price business model, including our opportunistic buying, inventory management, logistics and store layouts, is designed to deliver our customers a compelling value proposition of fashionable, quality, brand name and designer merchandise at excellent values. Our buying and inventory management strategies give us flexibility to adjust our merchandise assortments more frequently than traditional retailers, and the design and operation of our stores and distribution centers support this flexibility. Our merchants have more visibility into consumer, fashion and market trends and pricing when we buy closer to need, which can help us “buy smarter” and reduce our markdown exposure. Our selling floor space is flexible, without walls between departments and largely free of permanent fixtures, so we can easily expand and contract departments to accommodate the merchandise we purchase. Our logistics and distribution operations are designed to support our buying strategies and to facilitate quick, efficient and differentiated delivery of merchandise to our stores, with a goal of getting the right merchandise to the right stores at the right times.
Opportunistic Buying. As an off-price retailer, our buying practices, which we refer to as opportunistic buying, differentiate us from traditional retailers. Our overall opportunistic buying strategy is to acquire merchandise on an ongoing basis that will enable us to offer a desirable and rapidly changing mix of branded, designer and other quality merchandise in our stores at prices below regular prices for comparable merchandise at department and specialty stores. We seek out and select merchandise from the broad range of opportunities in the marketplace to achieve this end. Our buying organization, which numbers over 900 associates in 13 buying offices in ten countries, executes this opportunistic buying strategy in a variety of ways, depending on market conditions and other factors.
We take advantage of opportunities to acquire merchandise at substantial discounts that regularly arise from the production and flow of inventory in the apparel and home fashions marketplace, which include, among others, order cancellations, manufacturer overruns, closeouts and special production direct from brands and factories. Our buying strategies are intentionally flexible to allow us to react to frequently changing opportunities and trends in the market and to adjust how and what we source as well as when we source it. Our goal is to operate with lean inventory levels compared to conventional retailers to give us the flexibility to seek out and to take advantage of these opportunities as they arise. In contrast to traditional retailers, which tend to order most of their goods far in advance of the time the product appears on the selling floor, our merchants remain in the marketplace throughout the year, frequently looking for opportunities to buy merchandise. We buy much of our merchandise for the current or immediately upcoming selling season. We also buy some merchandise that is available in the market with the intention of storing it for sale, typically in future selling seasons. We generally make these purchases, referred to as packaway, in response to opportunities in the marketplace to buy merchandise that we believe has the right combination of brand, fashion, quality and price to supplement the product we expect to be available to purchase later for those future seasons. We also develop some merchandise that is produced for us under in-house and licensed brands. We generally acquire this type of merchandise, referred to as private label, to supplement the depth of, or fill gaps, in our expected merchandise assortment.
Our expansive vendor universe, which is in excess of 16,000, consists primarily of manufacturers along with retailers and other vendors, and provides us substantial and diversified access to merchandise. We have not experienced difficulty in obtaining sufficient quality merchandise for our business in either favorable or difficult
retail environments and expect this will continue as we continue to grow. We believe a number of factors provide us excellent access on an ongoing basis to leading branded merchandise and make us an attractive channel for many vendors in the market. We are typically willing to purchase less-than-full assortments of items, styles and sizes as well as quantities ranging from small to very large; we are able to disperse merchandise across our geographically diverse network of stores and to target specific markets; we pay promptly; we generally do not ask for typical retail concessions (such as advertising, promotional and markdown allowances), delivery concessions (such as drop shipments to stores or delayed deliveries) or return privileges and we have financial strength and an excellent credit rating.
Inventory Management. We offer our customers a rapidly changing selection of merchandise to create a treasure hunt experience in our stores and spur customer visits. To achieve this, we seek to turn the inventory in our stores rapidly, regularly offering fresh selections of apparel and home fashions at excellent values. Our specialized inventory planning, purchasing, monitoring and markdown systems, coupled with distribution center storage, processing, handling and shipping systems, enable us to tailor the merchandise in our stores to local preferences and demographics, achieve rapid in-store inventory turnover on a vast array of products and generally sell within the period we planned. We make pricing and markdown decisions and store inventory replenishment determinations centrally, using information provided by specialized computer systems designed to move inventory through our stores in a timely and disciplined manner. Over the past several years, we have been investing in our supply chain with the goal of continuing to operate with low inventory levels, to ship more efficiently and quickly and to more precisely and effectively allocate merchandise to each store.
Pricing. Our mission is to offer quality, fashionable, brand name and designer merchandise in our stores with retail prices that are generally 20% to 60% below department and specialty store regular retail prices on comparable merchandise, every day. We do not generally engage in promotional pricing activity such as sales or coupons. We have generally been able to react to price fluctuations in the wholesale market to maintain our pricing gap relative to prices offered by traditional retailers as well as our merchandise margins through various economic cycles.
Low Cost Operations. We operate with a low cost structure compared to many traditional retailers. We focus aggressively on expenses throughout our business. Our advertising is generally focused on promoting our retail banners rather than individual products, including at times promoting multiple banners together, which contributes to our advertising budget (as a percentage of sales) remaining low compared to many traditional retailers. We design our stores to provide a pleasant, convenient shopping environment but, relative to other retailers, do not spend heavily on store fixtures. Additionally, our distribution network is designed to run cost effectively.
Customer Service/Shopping Experience. We are in the process of renovating and upgrading stores across our retail banners to enhance our customers’ shopping experience and help drive sales. Although we offer a self-service format, we train our store associates to provide friendly and helpful customer service and seek to staff our stores to deliver a positive shopping experience. We typically offer customer-friendly return policies. We accept a variety of payment methods including cash, credit cards and debit cards, and offer TJX-branded credit cards in the U.S. through a bank, but do not own the customer receivables.
Distribution. We operate distribution centers encompassing approximately 12 million square feet in five countries. These centers are large, highly automated and built to suit our specific, off-price business model. We ship substantially all of our merchandise to our stores through these distribution centers as well as warehouses and shipping centers operated by third parties. We shipped approximately 2 billion units to our stores during fiscal 2014.
Store Growth. Expansion of our business through the addition of new stores continues to be an important part of our growth strategy. The following table provides information on the store growth of our four divisions in the last two fiscal years, our growth estimates for fiscal 2015 and our estimates of the store growth potential of these divisions in their current geographies:
| Approximate Average Store Size (square feet) | Number of Stores at Year End | Estimated Store Growth Potential | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal 2013 | Fiscal 2014 | Fiscal 2015 (estimated) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Marmaxx | ||||||||||||||||||||
| T.J. Maxx | 29,000 | 1,036 | 1,079 | |||||||||||||||||
| Marshalls | 31,000 | 904 | 942 | |||||||||||||||||
| 1,940 | 2,021 | 2,096 | 3,000 | |||||||||||||||||
| HomeGoods | 25,000 | 415 | 450 | 485 | 825 | |||||||||||||||
| TJX Canada | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Winners | 29,000 | 222 | 227 | |||||||||||||||||
| HomeSense | 24,000 | 88 | 91 | |||||||||||||||||
| Marshalls | 31,000 | 14 | 27 | |||||||||||||||||
| 324 | 345 | 365 | 450 | |||||||||||||||||
| TJX Europe | ||||||||||||||||||||
| T.K. Maxx | 31,000 | 343 | 371 | |||||||||||||||||
| HomeSense | 21,000 | 24 | 28 | |||||||||||||||||
| 367 | 399 | 439 | 875 | |||||||||||||||||
| TJX Total | 3,050 | (1) | 3,219 | (1) | 3,391 | (1) | 5,150 | |||||||||||||
| (1) | Included in the fiscal 2013 and 2014 TJX Total are four Sierra Trading Post stores. Included in the estimated fiscal 2015 TJX Total are six Sierra Trading Post stores. |
|---|
Some of our HomeGoods and Canadian HomeSense stores are co-located with one of our apparel stores in a superstore format. We count each of the stores in the superstore format as a separate store.
Revenue Information. The percentages of our consolidated revenues by geography for the last three fiscal years are as follows:
| Fiscal 2014 | Fiscal 2013 | Fiscal 2012 | ||||||||||
| United States | ||||||||||||
| Northeast | 24 | % | 24 | % | 24 | % | ||||||
| Midwest | 12 | 13 | 13 | |||||||||
| South (including Puerto Rico) | 25 | 25 | 25 | |||||||||
| West | 15 | 14 | 14 | |||||||||
| 76 | % | 76 | % | 76 | % | |||||||
| Canada | 11 | % | 11 | % | 12 | % | ||||||
| Europe | 13 | % | 13 | % | 12 | % | ||||||
| Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % |
The percentages of our consolidated revenues by major product category for the last three fiscal years are as follows:
| Fiscal 2014 | Fiscal 2013 | Fiscal 2012 | ||||||||||
| Apparel | ||||||||||||
| Clothing including footwear | 58 | % | 59 | % | 60 | % | ||||||
| Jewelry and accessories | 14 | % | 13 | % | 13 | % | ||||||
| Home fashions | 28 | % | 28 | % | 27 | % | ||||||
| Total | 100 | % | 100 | % | 100 | % |
A.J. Wright Consolidation. In the first quarter of fiscal 2012, we completed the consolidation of A.J. Wright, our former off-price chain targeting lower middle income customers, converting 90 of the A.J. Wright stores to T.J. Maxx, Marshalls or HomeGoods banners and closing A.J. Wright’s remaining 72 stores, two distribution centers and home office. We continue to serve the customer demographic previously targeted by A.J. Wright through our other U.S. banners.
Segment Overview. We operate four main business segments. Marmaxx (T.J. Maxx, Marshalls and tjmaxx.com) and HomeGoods both operate in the United States. Our TJX Canada segment operates Winners, HomeSense and Marshalls in Canada, and our TJX Europe segment operates T.K. Maxx, HomeSense and tkmaxx.com in Europe. Late in fiscal 2013 we acquired Sierra Trading Post (STP), an off-price Internet retailer in the U.S. The results of STP are reported in our Marmaxx segment. Each of our segments has its own management, administrative, buying and merchandising organization and distribution network. More detailed information about our segments, including financial information for each of the last three fiscal years, can be found in Note H to the consolidated financial statements.
Store Locations. Our major chains operated stores in the following locations at the end of fiscal 2014:
United States:
| T.J. Maxx | Marshalls | HomeGoods | ||||||||||
| Alabama | 20 | 5 | 3 | |||||||||
| Arizona | 12 | 15 | 9 | |||||||||
| Arkansas | 11 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
| California | 107 | 127 | 52 | |||||||||
| Colorado | 15 | 8 | 5 | |||||||||
| Connecticut | 26 | 24 | 12 | |||||||||
| Delaware | 3 | 3 | 2 | |||||||||
| District of Columbia | 4 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||
| Florida | 76 | 82 | 41 | |||||||||
| Georgia | 46 | 32 | 12 | |||||||||
| Hawaii | 3 | — | — | |||||||||
| Idaho | 6 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Illinois | 44 | 45 | 22 | |||||||||
| Indiana | 22 | 12 | 4 | |||||||||
| Iowa | 10 | 4 | — | |||||||||
| Kansas | 6 | 6 | 1 | |||||||||
| Kentucky | 13 | 4 | 4 | |||||||||
| Louisiana | 10 | 10 | 1 | |||||||||
| Maine | 9 | 4 | 3 | |||||||||
| Maryland | 18 | 28 | 11 | |||||||||
| Massachusetts | 51 | 54 | 24 | |||||||||
| Michigan | 39 | 23 | 12 | |||||||||
| Minnesota | 14 | 12 | 10 | |||||||||
| Mississippi | 9 | 3 | 3 | |||||||||
| Missouri | 17 | 14 | 7 | |||||||||
| Montana | 5 | — | — | |||||||||
| Nebraska | 4 | 2 | 1 | |||||||||
| Nevada | 8 | 9 | 4 | |||||||||
| New Hampshire | 16 | 9 | 6 | |||||||||
| New Jersey | 34 | 46 | 29 | |||||||||
| New Mexico | 3 | 4 | 1 | |||||||||
| New York | 64 | 71 | 38 | |||||||||
| North Carolina | 34 | 24 | 14 | |||||||||
| North Dakota | 3 | — | — | |||||||||
| Ohio | 44 | 26 | 12 | |||||||||
| Oklahoma | 8 | 5 | 1 | |||||||||
| Oregon | 10 | 7 | 3 | |||||||||
| Pennsylvania | 43 | 37 | 19 | |||||||||
| Puerto Rico | 9 | 20 | 6 | |||||||||
| Rhode Island | 6 | 6 | 4 | |||||||||
| South Carolina | 20 | 11 | 6 | |||||||||
| South Dakota | 2 | — | — | |||||||||
| Tennessee | 25 | 14 | 8 | |||||||||
| Texas | 56 | 74 | 28 | |||||||||
| Utah | 10 | 2 | 4 | |||||||||
| Vermont | 5 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| Virginia | 32 | 28 | 14 | |||||||||
| Washington | 19 | 14 | 3 | |||||||||
| West Virginia | 6 | 3 | 1 | |||||||||
| Wisconsin | 21 | 7 | 4 | |||||||||
| Wyoming | 1 | 1 | — | |||||||||
| Total Stores | 1,079 | 942 | 450 | |||||||||
Store counts above include the T.J. Maxx, Marshalls or HomeGoods portion of a superstore. Additionally, TJX operates four Sierra Trading Post stores, one in Idaho, one in Nevada and two in Wyoming.
Canada:
| Winners | HomeSense | Marshalls | ||||||||||
| Alberta | 28 | 12 | 2 | |||||||||
| British Columbia | 30 | 16 | 2 | |||||||||
| Manitoba | 6 | 1 | 1 | |||||||||
| New Brunswick | 3 | 2 | — | |||||||||
| Newfoundland | 2 | 1 | — | |||||||||
| Nova Scotia | 8 | 2 | — | |||||||||
| Ontario | 104 | 42 | 20 | |||||||||
| Prince Edward Island | 1 | — | — | |||||||||
| Quebec | 41 | 13 | 2 | |||||||||
| Saskatchewan | 4 | 2 | — | |||||||||
| Total Stores | 227 | 91 | 27 | |||||||||
Store counts above include the Winners or HomeSense portion of a superstore.
Europe:
| T.K. Maxx | HomeSense | |||||||
| United Kingdom | 270 | 28 | ||||||
| Republic of Ireland | 17 | — | ||||||
| Germany | 63 | — | ||||||
| Poland | 21 | — | ||||||
| Total Stores | 371 | 28 | ||||||
Competition. The retail apparel and home fashion business is highly competitive. We compete on the basis of factors including merchandise fashion, quality, brand name, price, selection and freshness; in-store service and shopping experience; reputation and store location. We compete with local, regional, national and international department, specialty, off-price, discount, warehouse and outlet stores as well as other retailers that sell apparel, home fashions and other merchandise that we sell, whether in stores, through catalogues, on-line or other media.
Employees. At February 1, 2014, we had approximately 191,000 employees, many of whom work less than 40 hours per week. In addition, we hire temporary employees, particularly during the peak back-to-school and holiday seasons.
Trademarks. We have the right to use our principal trademarks and service marks, which are T.J. Maxx, Marshalls, HomeGoods, Winners, HomeSense, T.K. Maxx and Sierra Trading Post, in relevant countries. We expect our rights in these trademarks and service marks to endure in locations where we use them for as long as we continue to do so.
Seasonality. Our business is subject to seasonal influences. In the second half of the year, which includes the back-to-school and year-end holiday seasons, we generally realize higher levels of sales and income.
SEC Filings and Certifications. Copies of our annual reports on Form 10-K, proxy statements, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K filed with or furnished to the SEC, and any amendments to those documents, are available free of charge on our website, tjx.com, under “SEC Filings,” as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the SEC. They are also available free of charge from TJX Global Communications, 770 Cochituate Road, Framingham, Massachusetts 01701. The public can read and copy materials at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549 and obtain information on the operation of the reference room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains a website containing all reports, proxies, information statements, and all other information regarding issuers that file electronically (www.sec.gov).
Information appearing on tjx.com is not a part of, and is not incorporated by reference in, this Form 10-K.
Fiscal 2012 means the fiscal year ended January 28, 2012, fiscal 2013 means the fiscal year ended February 2, 2013, fiscal 2014 means the fiscal year ended February 1, 2014 and fiscal 2015 means the year ending January 31, 2015. Unless otherwise indicated, all store information in this Item 1 is as of February 1, 2014, and references to store square footage are to gross square feet. Unless otherwise stated or the context otherwise requires, references in this Form 10-K to “TJX” and “we,” refer to The TJX Companies, Inc. and its subsidiaries.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
| --- | --- |
The statements in this section describe the major risks to our business and should be considered carefully, in connection with all of the other information set forth in this annual report on Form 10-K. The risks that follow, individually or in the aggregate, are those that we think could cause our actual results to differ materially from those stated or implied in forward-looking statements.
Failure to execute our opportunistic buying strategy and inventory management could adversely affect our business.
While opportunistic buying, operating with lean inventory levels and frequent inventory turns are key elements of our off-price business strategy, they subject us to risks related to the pricing, quantity, mix, nature and timing of inventory flowing to our stores. Our merchants are in the marketplace frequently, as much of our merchandise is purchased for the current or immediately upcoming season. Our opportunistic buying places considerable discretion in our merchants. They react to frequently changing opportunities and trends in the market, assess the desirability and value of merchandise and generally make determinations of how and what we source as well as when we source it. If we do not obtain the right fresh, desirable merchandise at the right times, quantities and prices, it could adversely affect traffic to our stores as well as our sales and margins.
We base our purchases of inventory, in part, on our sales forecasts. If our sales forecasts do not match customer demand, we may experience higher inventory levels and need to take markdowns on excess or slow-moving inventory, leading to decreased profit margins, or we may have insufficient inventory to meet customer demand, leading to lost sales, either of which could adversely affect our financial performance.
If we are unable to generally purchase inventory at prices sufficiently below prices paid by conventional retailers, we may not be able to maintain an overall pricing differential to regular department and specialty stores, and our ability to attract customers and sustain our margins may be adversely affected. We may not achieve this at various times or in some divisions or geographies, which could adversely affect our results or those of one of our segments.
We must also properly execute our inventory management strategy of delivering the right product to the right stores at the right time. We need to appropriately allocate merchandise among our stores, timely and efficiently distribute inventory to stores, maintain an appropriate mix and level of inventory in each store, appropriately change the allocation of floor space of stores among product categories to respond to customer demand and effectively manage pricing and markdowns. There is no assurance we will be able to do so.
In addition to our own execution, we may need to react to factors affecting inventory flow that are outside our control, discussed further below, such as extreme weather and natural disasters or other changes in conditions affecting our vendors and others in our supply chain, such as political instability, labor issues, including strikes or threats of strikes, or increasing cost of regulations. If we are not able to adjust appropriately to such factors, our inventory management may be affected, which could impact our performance and our relationship with our customers.
Failure to continue to expand our business and operations successfully or to manage our substantial size and scale effectively could adversely affect our financial results.
Our growth strategy includes successfully expanding our off-price model in our current markets and in new geographic regions, product lines, businesses and channels and, as appropriate, adding new businesses, whether by development, investment or acquisition. There are significant risks associated with our ability to
continue to successfully extend our current business and to enter new businesses, including managing the implementation of this growth effectively. If any aspect of our expansion strategy does not achieve the success we expect, in whole or in part, we may be required to increase our investment, slow our planned growth or close stores or operations, which could adversely affect our financial performance. Successful store growth requires us to find and lease appropriate real estate on attractive terms in each of the locations where we seek to open stores. Our ability to do so depends, among other things, on availability and selection of appropriate sites in appropriate geographies; degree of competition for sites; factors affecting costs such as real estate, construction and development costs, and costs and availability of capital; and variations in or changes to zoning or other land use regulations. If we cannot lease appropriate sites on attractive terms, it could limit our ability to successfully grow in various markets or adversely affect the economics of new stores in various markets. We also may encounter difficulties in attracting customers when we enter new markets, as discussed further below. New stores may not achieve the same sales or profit levels as our existing stores and adding stores to existing markets may adversely affect stores’ sales and profitability. As we expand our model, we may have difficulty effectively meeting customer expectations, which may change rapidly and differ from those we anticipate.
Further, our substantial size imposes demands on maintaining appropriate internal resources and third party providers to support our business effectively. Expansion places increased demands on management and various functions across our business, including administration, merchandising, store operations, distribution and compliance and on appropriately staffing and training personnel in these areas as we grow. In addition, under our business model, some aspects of the businesses and operations of our chains in the U.S., Canada and Europe are conducted with relative autonomy. The large size and scale of our operations, our multiple chains in the U.S., Canada and Europe and the autonomy afforded to the chains increase the risk that our systems and practices will not be implemented appropriately throughout our company and that information may not be appropriately shared across our operations, which risks may increase as we continue to grow. If business information is not shared effectively, or if we are otherwise unable to manage our growth effectively, we may operate with decreased operational efficiency, may need to reduce our rate of expansion of one or more operations or otherwise curtail growth in one or more markets, which may adversely affect our success in executing our business goals and adversely impact our sales and results. Each of these risks may increase as we continue to grow, particularly as we expand into additional countries.
Failure to identify customer trends and preferences to meet customer demand in new or existing markets or channels could negatively impact our performance.
Because our success depends on our ability to meet customer demand, we work to identify customer trends and preferences on an ongoing basis and to offer inventory that meets those trends and preferences. However, doing so across our diverse merchandise categories and in the many markets in the United States, Canada and Europe in which we do business on a timely basis is challenging. Trends and preferences in new markets may differ from what we anticipate. Although our business model allows us greater flexibility than many traditional retailers to meet consumer preferences and trends and to expand and contract merchandise categories in response to consumers’ changing tastes, we may not successfully do so, which could adversely affect our results. Customers may also have expectations about how they shop in stores or through e-commerce or more generally engage with businesses across different channels or media (through Internet-based and other digital or mobile communication channels or other forms of social media), which may vary across demographics and may evolve rapidly. Meeting demand effectively involves identifying the right opportunities and making the right investments at the right time and speed, among other things, and failure to do so may impact our reputation and our financial results.
If we fail to successfully implement our marketing, advertising and promotional programs, or if our competitors are more effective with their programs than we are, our revenue or results of operations may be adversely affected.
Customer traffic and demand for our merchandise is influenced by our advertising, marketing and promotional activities, the name recognition and reputation of our chains and the location of and service offered in our stores. Although we use marketing, advertising and promotional programs to attract customers to our
stores through various media including television, social media, database marketing, print and direct marketing, and loyalty programs, some of our competitors expend more for their programs than we do, or use different approaches than we do, which may provide them with a competitive advantage. Our marketing, advertising and promotional programs may not be effective or could require increased expenditures, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenue and results of operations. We may need to adjust our marketing, advertising and promotional programs effectively and more quickly as Internet-based and other digital or mobile communication channels and other social media rapidly evolve, and we may not successfully do so.
We operate in highly competitive markets, and we may not be able to compete effectively.
The retail apparel and home fashion business is highly competitive. We compete with local, regional, national and international retailers that sell apparel, home fashions and other merchandise we sell, including in stores, through catalogues or other media or over the Internet. Some of our competitors are larger than we are or have more experience in selling certain product lines than we do. New competitors frequently enter the market and existing competitors enter or increase their presence in the markets in which we operate, expand their merchandise offerings, add new sales channels or change their pricing methods, all of which increase competition for customers. We compete on the basis of fashion, quality, price, value; merchandise selection and freshness; brand name recognition; customer service, reputation and store location. Our competitiveness is highly dependent on our effective execution of our off-price model of offering our customers a fresh, rapidly changing and attractive mix of merchandise delivering value. If we fail to compete effectively, our sales and results of operations could be adversely affected.
Failure to attract, train and retain quality associates in appropriate numbers, including key associates and management, as well as costs related to our labor force, could adversely affect our performance.
Our performance depends on recruiting, developing, training and retaining quality sales, systems, distribution center and other associates in large numbers as well as experienced buying and management personnel.
Many of our associates are in entry level or part-time positions with historically high rates of turnover. Availability and skill of associates may differ across markets in which we do business and in new markets we enter, and our ability to meet our labor needs while controlling labor costs, including costs of providing retirement, health and other employee benefits, is subject to external factors such as unemployment levels, prevailing wage rates and minimum wage requirements, changing demographics, economic conditions, health and other insurance costs and the regulatory environment, including health care legislation, immigration law, and governmental labor and employment and employee benefits requirements. Certain associates in our distribution centers are members of unions and therefore subject us to the risk of labor actions of various kinds as well as risks and potential expenses associated with multiemployer plans, including from potential withdrawal liability and potential insolvency of other participating employers. Other associates are members of works councils, which may subject us to additional actions or expense. In addition, any failure of third parties that perform services on our behalf to comply with immigration, employment or other laws and regulations could damage our reputation or disrupt our ability to obtain needed labor. When wage rates or benefit levels increase in a market, failing to increase our wages or benefits competitively could result in a decline in the quality of our workforce, causing our customer service to suffer, while increasing our wages or benefits could cause our earnings to decrease.
Because of the distinctive nature of our off-price model, we must provide significant internal training and development for key associates across the company, including within our buying organization. Similar to other retailers, we face challenges in securing and retaining sufficient talent in management and other key areas for many reasons, including competition in the retail industry generally and for talent in various geographic markets. If we do not continue to attract qualified individuals, train them in our business model, support their development and retain them, our performance could be adversely affected or our growth could be limited.
Global economic conditions may adversely affect our financial performance.
Global financial markets can experience extreme volatility, disruption and credit contraction, which adversely affect global economic conditions. Turmoil in the financial and credit markets or other changes in economic conditions could adversely affect sources of liquidity available to us or our costs of capital and could adversely affect plan asset values and investment performance, increasing our pension liabilities, expenses and funding requirements with respect to company-sponsored and multiemployer pension plans. Economic conditions, both on a global level and in particular markets, including unemployment, decreased disposable income and actual and perceived wealth, energy and health care costs, interest and tax rates and policies, weakness in the housing market, volatility in capital markets, decreased credit availability, inflation and deflation, as well as political or other factors beyond our control such as threats or possibilities of war, terrorism, global or national unrest, actual or threatened epidemics, and political instability may also have significant effects on consumer confidence and spending. Consumer spending, in turn, affects retail sales. These conditions and factors could adversely affect discretionary consumer spending and, although we believe our flexible off-price model helps us react, they may adversely affect our sales, cash flows and results of operations and performance.
Compromises of our data security could materially harm our reputation and business.
In the ordinary course of our business, we collect, store, process and transmit certain information from individuals, such as our customers and associates, including, for example, customer payment card and check information.
We suffered an unauthorized intrusion or intrusions (such intrusion or intrusions, collectively, the “Computer Intrusion”) into portions of our computer system that process and store information related to customer transactions, discovered late in 2006, in which we believe customer data were stolen. We have taken steps designed to further strengthen the security of our computer system and protocols and have instituted an ongoing program with respect to data security, consistent with a consent order with the Federal Trade Commission, to assess the ongoing effectiveness of our information security program and to maintain and enhance our program as appropriate. Nevertheless, there can be no assurance that we will not suffer a future data compromise, that unauthorized parties will not gain access to the information that we collect, store, process or transmit, or that any such data compromise or access will be discovered in a timely way.
We rely on commercially available systems, software, tools and monitoring to provide security for processing, transmission and storage of personal and/or confidential information. Further, the systems and processes currently used for transmission and approval of payment card transactions, and the technology utilized in payment cards themselves, all of which can put payment card data at risk, are determined and controlled by the banking and payment card industry, not by us. This is also true for check information and approval. Computer hackers may, for example, attempt to penetrate our computer systems and, if successful, misappropriate customer or associate information or confidential business information of our company. In addition, an associate, contractor or third party with whom we do business or to whom we outsource business operations may fail to monitor the systems effectively, misuse the personal or confidential information to which they have access, attempt to circumvent our security measures in order to access or misappropriate such types of information or may purposefully or inadvertently cause a breach involving such information. Advances in computer and software technology and capabilities, new tools and other developments, including the increasing sophistication of cyber criminals generally, may increase the risk of such a breach.
Compromise of our data security or that of third parties with whom we do business, failure to prevent or mitigate the loss of personal or business information and delays in detecting any such compromise or loss could disrupt our operations, damage our reputation and customers’ willingness to shop in our stores, violate applicable laws, regulations, orders and agreements, and subject us to additional costs and liabilities which could be material.
Failure to operate information systems and implement new technologies effectively could disrupt our business or reduce our sales or profitability.
We rely extensively on various information systems, including data centers, hardware and software and applications to manage many aspects of our business, including to process and record transactions in our
stores, to enable effective communication systems, to plan and track inventory flow, to manage logistics and to generate performance and financial reports. We are dependent on the integrity, security and consistent operations of these systems and related back-up systems. Our computer systems and the third-party systems we rely on are subject to damage or interruption from a number of causes, including power outages; computer and telecommunications failures; computer viruses; security breaches; cyber-attacks; catastrophic events such as fires, floods, earthquakes, tornadoes, hurricanes; acts of war or terrorism and design or usage errors by our associates or contractors. Although we seek to maintain our systems effectively and to successfully address the risk of compromises of the integrity, security and consistent operations of our systems, we may not be successful in doing so. Compromises, interruptions or shutdowns of our systems, including those managed by third parties, could lead to delays in our business operations and, if significant or extreme, affect our results of operations.
We modify, update, and replace our systems and its infrastructure from time to time, including by adding new hardware, software and applications; maintaining, updating or replacing legacy programs; converting to global systems; integrating new service providers, and adding enhanced or new functionality, such as for cloud computing technologies and for the continued operation and development of our e-commerce businesses; and adding new systems when we acquire new businesses. We also modify and change our procedures for, and add and change vendors and internal teams who assist us with, designing, implementing and maintaining our systems. Although we believe we are diligent in selecting systems, vendors and procedures to enable us to maintain the integrity of our systems when we modify them, there are inherent risks associated with modifying or replacing systems, with new or changed relationships and with changes from acquisitions, including accurately capturing and maintaining data, realizing the expected benefit of the change and managing the potential disruption of the operation of the systems and diversion to internal teams’ attention as the changes are implemented. Potential issues associated with implementing technology initiatives and the time and resources required to optimize the benefits of new elements of our systems and its infrastructure could reduce the efficiency of our operations in the short term. In addition, any interruption in the operation of our e-commerce websites could cause us to suffer reputational harm or to lose sales if customers are unable to access our site or purchase merchandise from us during such interruption. The efficient operation and successful growth of our business depends upon our information systems, including our ability to operate and maintain them effectively, to select appropriate vendors to maintain or enhance them and to select and implement appropriate new technologies, systems, controls, hardware, software and applications and adequate disaster recovery systems successfully. The failure of our information systems and the third party systems we rely on to perform as designed, or our failure to implement and operate them effectively, could disrupt our business or subject us to liability and thereby harm our profitability.
As our business is subject to seasonal influences, a decrease in sales or margins during the second half of the year could have a disproportionately adverse effect on our operating results.
Our business is subject to seasonal influences; we generally realize higher levels of sales and income in the second half of the year, which includes the back-to-school and year-end holiday seasons. Any decrease in sales or margins during this period could have a disproportionately adverse effect on our results of operations.
Adverse or unseasonable weather in the markets in which our stores operate or our distribution centers are located could adversely affect our operating results.
Both adverse and unseasonable weather, such as storms, severe cold or heat or unseasonable temperatures, affect customers’ buying patterns and willingness to shop certain categories or at all, and accordingly, can adversely affect the demand for the merchandise in our stores, particularly in apparel and seasonal merchandise_._ Weather can also affect the ability to transport merchandise to our stores from our distribution and shipping centers or elsewhere in our supply chain efficiently or in a timely way. As a result, adverse or unseasonable weather in our markets could adversely affect our sales, increase markdowns and adversely affect our operating results.
Our results may be adversely affected by serious disruptions or catastrophic events.
Unforeseen public health issues, such as pandemics and epidemics, natural or other disasters, such as hurricanes, tornadoes, floods, earthquakes and other extreme weather and climate conditions, or fires, explosions and acts of war or terrorism, in any of our markets could disrupt our operations or the operations of one or more of our vendors or of our supply chain or could severely damage or destroy one or more of our stores or distribution facilities located in the affected areas. Day-to-day operations, particularly our ability to receive products from our vendors or transport products to our stores could be adversely affected, or we could be required to close stores or distribution centers in the affected areas or in areas served by affected distribution centers for a short or extended period of time. As a result, our business could be adversely affected.
Damage to our corporate reputation or those of our retail banners could adversely affect our sales and operating results.
We believe that building the brand reputation of our retail banners is important to our continuing success, and we expend resources building relationships with our customers through traditional and social media and other advertising and promotional activities. Our reputation is based, in part, on perceptions of subjective qualities, so incidents involving us, merchandise that we carry or our industry more generally that erode trust or confidence could adversely affect our reputation and our business, particularly if the incidents result in rapid or significant adverse publicity or governmental inquiry. Similarly, information about us, our retail banners and the merchandise we sell, including our licensed or owned brands, publicized through traditional or social media platforms and similar venues, including blogs, websites, and other forums for Internet-based communications that allow individuals almost immediate access to a broad audience of consumers and other interested persons, may adversely affect our reputation and brand, even if the information is unverified or inaccurate. The reputation of our company and our retail banners may be damaged by adverse events at the corporate level or at our retail banners. Damage to the reputation of our company and our banners could result in declines in customer loyalty and sales, affect our vendor relationships, development opportunities and associate retention and otherwise adversely affect our business.
Issues with merchandise quality or safety could damage our reputation, sales and financial results.
Various governmental authorities in the jurisdictions where we do business regulate the quality and safety of the merchandise we sell to consumers. Regulations and standards in this area, including those related to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, state regulations like California’s Proposition 65, and similar legislation in other countries in which we operate, impose restrictions and requirements on the merchandise we sell in our stores and through e-commerce. These regulations change from time to time and new federal, state, provincial or local regulations in the U.S. and other countries that may affect our business are contemplated and enacted with some regularity. If we are unable to comply with regulatory requirements on a timely basis or at all, or to adequately monitor new regulations that may apply to existing or new merchandise categories or in new geographies, significant fines or penalties could be incurred or we could have to curtail some aspects of our sales or operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial results. We rely on our vendors to provide quality merchandise that complies with applicable product safety laws and other applicable laws, but they may not comply with their obligations to do so. Although our arrangements with our vendors frequently provide for indemnification for product liabilities, the vendors may fail to honor those obligations to an extent we consider sufficient or at all. Issues with the quality and safety of merchandise, particularly with food, bath and body and children’s products, and issues with the genuineness of merchandise, or customer concerns about such issues, regardless of our fault, could cause damage to our reputation and could result in lost sales, uninsured product liability claims or losses, merchandise recalls and increased costs, and regulatory, civil or criminal fines or penalties, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial results.
Our expanding international operations may expose us to risks inherent in operating in new countries.
We have a significant retail presence in Canada and countries in Europe and have established buying offices around the world, and our goal is to continue to expand our operations into other international markets in the future (such as continued expansion in Europe). It can be costly and complex to establish, develop and maintain
international operations and promote business in new international jurisdictions, which may differ significantly from the U.S. and other countries in which we currently operate. In addition to facing risks similar to our U.S. and current international operations, such as with regulations such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act, we face additional risks inherent in operating in new countries, such as understanding the retail climate and trends, local customs and competitive conditions; and complying with relevant laws, rules and regulations; developing the appropriate infrastructure for local operations; as well as financial risks including currency exchange fluctuations and adverse tax consequences or limitations on the repatriation and investment of funds outside of the country where earned, which could have an adverse impact on our operations, profitability or liquidity. Complying with applicable laws and our own internal policies may require us to spend additional time and resources to implement new procedures and financial controls, conduct audits, train associates and third parties on our compliance methods or take other actions, which could adversely impact our operations.
We are subject to risks associated with importing merchandise from other countries.
Many of the products sold in our stores are sourced by our vendors and, to a lesser extent, by us, in many countries outside of the country where the stores are located, particularly southeastern Asia. Where we are the importer of record, we may be subject to regulatory or other requirements similar to those imposed upon the manufacturer of such products. We are subject to the various risks of importing merchandise from other countries and purchasing product made in other countries, such as:
| — | potential disruptions in manufacturing, logistics and supply; |
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| — | changes in duties, tariffs, quotas and voluntary export restrictions on imported merchandise; |
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| — | strikes, threats of strikes and other events affecting delivery; |
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| — | consumer perceptions of the safety of imported merchandise; |
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| — | product compliance with laws and regulations of the destination country; |
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| — | product liability claims from customers or penalties from government agencies relating to products that are recalled, defective or otherwise noncompliant or alleged to be harmful; |
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| — | concerns about human rights, working conditions and other labor rights and conditions in countries where merchandise is produced or about transparent sourcing and supply chains; |
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| — | compliance with laws and regulations including changing labor, environmental and other laws in those countries and those concerning ethical business practices, such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the U.K. Bribery Act; |
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| — | exposure for product warranty and intellectual property issues; and |
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| — | economic, political or other problems in countries from or through which merchandise is imported. |
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Political or financial instability, trade restrictions, tariffs, currency exchange rates, labor conditions, transport capacity and costs, systems issues, problems in third-party distribution and warehousing and other interruptions of the supply chain, compliance with laws and regulations and other factors relating to international trade and imported merchandise beyond our control could affect the availability and the price of our inventory. Furthermore, although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to facilitate compliance with laws and regulations relating to operating in non-U.S. jurisdictions and importing merchandise, there can be no assurance that contractors, agents, vendors or other third parties with whom we do business will not violate such laws and regulations or our policies, which could subject us to liability and could adversely affect our operations or operating results.
Our results may be adversely affected by reduced availability or increases in the price of oil or other fuels, raw materials and other commodities.
Energy and fuel costs have fluctuated dramatically and had significant cost increases in the past, particularly the price of oil and gasoline. An increase in the price of oil increases our transportation costs for distribution, utility costs for our retail stores and costs to purchase our products from suppliers. Although we implement a
hedging strategy designed to manage a portion of our transportation costs, that strategy may not be effective or sufficient and increases in oil and gasoline prices could adversely affect consumer spending and demand for our products and increase our operating costs, which could have an adverse effect on our performance. Increased regulation related to environmental costs, including cap and trade or other emissions management systems could also adversely affect our costs of doing business, including utility costs, transportation and logistics.
Similarly, other commodity prices can fluctuate dramatically, such as the cost of cotton and synthetic fabrics, which at times have risen significantly. Such increases can increase the cost of merchandise, which could adversely affect our performance through potentially reduced consumer demand or reduced margins.
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates may lead to lower revenues and earnings.
Sales made by our stores outside the United States are denominated in the currency of the country in which the store is located, and changes in currency exchange rates affect the translation of the sales and earnings of these businesses into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. Because of this, movements in currency exchange rates have had and are expected to continue to have a significant impact on our consolidated and segment results from time to time. Changes in currency exchange rates can also increase the cost of inventory purchases that are denominated in a currency other than the local currency of the business buying the merchandise. When these changes occur suddenly, it can be difficult for us to adjust retail prices accordingly, and gross margin can be adversely affected. A significant amount of merchandise we offer for sale is made in China, and accordingly, a revaluation of the Chinese currency, or increased market flexibility in the exchange rate for that currency, increasing its value relative to the U.S. dollar or currencies in which our stores are located, could be significant.
Additionally, we routinely enter into inventory-related derivative instruments to mitigate the impact of currency exchange rates on merchandise margins of merchandise purchases by our divisions denominated in currencies other than their local currencies. In accordance with GAAP, we evaluate the fair value of these derivative instruments and make mark-to-market adjustments at the end of each accounting period. These adjustments are of a much greater magnitude when there is significant volatility in currency exchange rates and may have a significant impact on our earnings.
Although we implement foreign currency hedging and risk management strategies to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in earnings and cash flows associated with changes in currency exchange rates, we expect that currency exchange rate fluctuations could have a material adverse effect on our sales and results of operations from time to time. In addition, fluctuations in currency exchange rates may have a greater impact on our earnings and operating results if a counterparty to one of our hedging arrangements fails to perform.
Our quarterly operating results fluctuate and may fall short of prior periods, our projections or the expectations of securities analysts or investors, which could adversely affect our stock price.
Our operating results have fluctuated from quarter to quarter at points in the past, and they may continue to do so in the future. If we fail to increase our results over prior periods, to achieve our projected results or goals or to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors, our share price may decline, and the decrease in the stock price may be disproportionate to the shortfall in our financial performance. Results may be affected by various factors, including those described in these risk factors. Most of our operating expenses, such as rent expense and associate salaries, do not vary directly with the amount of our sales and are difficult to adjust in the short term. As a result, if sales in a particular quarter are below our expectations for that quarter, we generally are not able to proportionately reduce operating expenses for that quarter, resulting in a disproportionate effect on our net income for the quarter. We maintain a forecasting process that seeks to project sales and align expenses. If we do not control costs or appropriately adjust costs to actual results, or if actual results differ significantly from our forecast, our financial performance could be adversely affected. In addition, if we do not repurchase the number of shares we contemplated pursuant to our stock repurchase programs, our earnings per share may be adversely affected.
If we engage in mergers or acquisitions or investments in new businesses, or divest, close or consolidate any of our current businesses, our business will be subject to additional risks.
We may acquire new businesses, invest in or enter into joint ventures with other businesses, develop new businesses internally and divest, close or consolidate businesses. Acquisition, investment or divestiture activities may divert attention of management from operating the existing businesses, and we may not effectively evaluate target companies or investments or assess the risks, benefits and cost of buying, investing in or closing businesses or of the integration of acquired businesses, all of which can be difficult, time-consuming and dilutive. Acquisitions and investments may not meet our performance and other expectations and acquisition, investments, closings and divestitures may expose us to unexpected or greater-than-expected costs, liabilities and risks. Divestitures, closings and consolidations also involve risks, such as significant costs and obligations of closure, including exposure on leases, owned real estate and other contractual, employment, pension and severance obligations, and potential liabilities that may arise under law as a result of the disposition or the subsequent failure of an acquirer. Failure to execute on mergers, acquisitions, investments, divestitures, closings and consolidations in a satisfactory manner could adversely affect our future results of operations and financial condition.
Failure to comply with existing laws, regulations and orders or changes in existing laws and regulations could negatively affect our business operations and financial performance.
We are subject to federal, state, provincial, regional and local laws, rules and regulations in the United States and other countries, any of which may change from time to time, as well as orders and assurances. These legal, regulatory and administrative requirements collectively affect multiple aspects of our business, from cost of health care and retirement benefits, workforce management, logistics, marketing, import/export, sourcing and manufacturing, data protection and others. If we fail to comply with these laws, rules, regulations and orders, we may be subject to fines or other costs or penalties, which could materially adversely affect our operations and our financial results and condition. Further, applicable accounting principles and interpretations may change from time to time, and the changes could have material effects on our reported financial results and condition.
We must also comply with new and changing laws and regulations, new regulatory initiatives, evolving interpretation of existing laws by judicial and regulatory authorities, and reforms in jurisdictions where we do business. These changes could increase our costs of compliance or of doing business and could adversely affect our operating results including those involving:
| — | labor and employment benefits, including regarding labor unions and works councils; |
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| — | health and welfare and financial regulations; |
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| — | consumer protection and product safety; |
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| — | data protection and privacy; |
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| — | climate change, supply chain, energy and waste; |
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| — | internet regulations, including e-commerce, electronic communications and privacy; and |
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| — | protection of third party intellectual property rights. |
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Our results may be materially adversely affected by the outcomes of litigation, legal proceedings and other legal matters.
We are involved, or may in the future become involved, in legal proceedings, regulatory reviews, audits or other legal matters. These may involve inquiries, investigations, lawsuits and other proceedings by local, provincial, state and federal governmental entities (in the United States and other countries) and private plaintiffs, including with respect to tax, escheat, whistleblower claims, employment and employee benefits including classification, employment rights, discrimination, wage and hour and retaliation, securities, disclosure, real estate, tort, consumer protection, privacy, product safety, advertising, and intellectual property. There continue to be a number of employment-related lawsuits, including putative class actions, in the United States, and we
are subject to these types of suits. We cannot predict the results of legal and regulatory proceedings with certainty, and actual results may differ from any reserves we establish estimating the probable outcome. Regardless of merit or outcome, litigation can be both time-consuming and disruptive to our operations and may cause significant expense and diversion of management attention. Legal and regulatory proceedings and investigations could expose us to significant defense costs, fines, penalties and liability to private parties and governmental entities for monetary recoveries and other amounts and attorneys’ fees and/or require us to change aspects of our operations, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations.
Tax matters could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our effective income tax rate and future tax liability could be adversely affected by numerous factors including the results of tax audits and examinations, income before taxes being lower than anticipated in countries with lower statutory income tax rates and higher than anticipated in countries with higher statutory income tax rates, changes in income tax rates, changes in transfer pricing, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in applicable tax legislation, regulations and treaties, exposure to additional tax liabilities, including interest and penalties, and changes in accounting principles and interpretations relating to tax matters, any of which could adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition in future periods. Significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our worldwide provision and accruals for taxes, and actual results may differ from our estimations.
We are subject to the continuous examination of our tax returns and reports by federal, state, provincial and local tax authorities in the U.S. and foreign countries, and the examining authorities may challenge positions we take. We are engaged in various proceedings, which are at various stages, with such authorities with respect to assessments, claims, deficiencies and refunds. We regularly assess the likely outcomes of these proceedings to determine the adequacy and appropriateness of our provision for income taxes, and increase and decrease our provision as a result of these assessments. However, the developments in and actual results of proceedings or the result of rulings by or settlements with tax authorities and courts or due to changes in facts, law or legal interpretations, expiration of applicable statutes of limitations or other resolutions of tax positions could differ from the amounts we have accrued for such proceedings in either a positive or a negative manner, which could materially affect our effective income tax rate in a given financial period, the amount of taxes we are required to pay and our results of operations. In addition, we are subject to tax audits and examinations for payroll, value added, sales-based and other taxes relating to our businesses.
Our real estate leases generally obligate us for long periods, which subjects us to financial risks.
We lease virtually all of our store locations, generally for an initial term of ten years, with options to renew the term, and either own or lease for long periods our primary distribution centers and administrative offices. Accordingly, we are subject to the risks associated with leasing and owning real estate, which can adversely affect our results as, for example, was the case in the closure of various of our former operations. While we have the right to terminate some of our leases under specified conditions, including by making specified payments, we may not be able to terminate a particular lease if or when we would like to do so. If we decide to close stores, we are generally required to continue to perform obligations under the applicable leases, which generally includes, among other things, paying rent and operating expenses for the balance of the lease term, or paying to exercise rights to terminate, and the performance of any of these obligations may be expensive. When we assign leases or sublease space to third parties, we can remain liable on the lease obligations if the assignee or sublessee does not perform. In addition, when the lease term for the stores in our ongoing operations expire, we may be unable to negotiate renewals, either on commercially acceptable terms or at all, which could cause us to close stores or to relocate stores within a market on less favorable terms.
We depend upon strong cash flows from our operations to supply capital to fund our operations, growth, stock repurchases and dividends and interest and debt repayment.
Our business depends upon our operations to continue to generate strong cash flow to supply capital to support our general operating activities, to fund our growth and our return of cash to stockholders through our
stock repurchase programs and dividends, and to pay our interest and debt repayments. Our inability to continue to generate sufficient cash flows to support these activities or to repatriate cash from our international operations in a manner that is cost effective could adversely affect our growth plans and financial performance including our earnings per share. We borrow on occasion to finance our activities and if financing were not available to us in adequate amounts and on appropriate terms when needed, it could also adversely affect our financial performance.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
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None.
Item 2. Properties
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We lease virtually all of our over 3,200 store locations, generally for 10-year terms with options to extend the lease term for one or more 5-year periods in the U.S. and Canada, and 10 to 15-year terms with options to end the lease after 5 or 10 years in Europe. We have the right to terminate some of these leases before the expiration date under specified circumstances and some with specified payments.
The following is a summary of our primary owned and leased distribution centers and primary administrative office locations as of February 1, 2014. Square footage information for the distribution centers represents total “ground cover” of the facility. Square footage information for office space represents total space occupied.
Distribution Centers
| Marmaxx | ||||
| T.J. Maxx | Worcester, Massachusetts | 494,000 s.f.—owned | ||
| Evansville, Indiana | 989,000 s.f.—owned | |||
| Las Vegas, Nevada | 713,000 s.f. – owned | |||
| Charlotte, North Carolina | 595,000 s.f.—owned | |||
| Pittston Township, Pennsylvania | 1,017,000 s.f.—owned | |||
| Marshalls | Decatur, Georgia | 780,000 s.f.—owned | ||
| Woburn, Massachusetts | 472,000 s.f.—leased | |||
| Bridgewater, Virginia | 562,000 s.f.—leased | |||
| Philadelphia, Pennsylvania | 1,001,000 s.f. – leased | |||
| Phoenix, Arizona | 1,139,000 s.f.—owned | |||
| HomeGoods | Brownsburg, Indiana | 805,000 s.f.—owned | ||
| Bloomfield, Connecticut | 803,000 s.f.—owned | |||
| TJX Canada | Brampton, Ontario | 506,000 s.f.—leased | ||
| Mississauga, Ontario | 679,000 s.f.—leased | |||
| TJX Europe | Wakefield, England | 176,000 s.f.—leased | ||
| Stoke, England | 261,000 s.f.—leased | |||
| Walsall, England | 274,000 s.f.—leased | |||
| Bergheim, Germany | 322,000 s.f.—leased | |||
| Wroclaw, Poland | 303,000 s.f.—leased | |||
| Office Space | ||||
| Corporate, Marmaxx, HomeGoods | Framingham and Marlborough, Massachusetts | 1,576,000 s.f.—owned in several buildings | ||
| TJX Canada | Mississauga, Ontario | 198,000 s.f.—leased | ||
| TJX Europe | Watford, England | 154,000 s.f.—leased | ||
| Dusseldorf, Germany | 29,000 s.f.—leased |
Sierra Trading Post, acquired late in fiscal 2013, owns two fulfillment centers in Wyoming totaling approximately 300,000 square feet and a 60,000 square foot home office facility in Cheyenne, Wyoming.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings
TJX is subject to certain legal proceedings, lawsuits, disputes and claims that arise from time to time in the ordinary course of our business. In addition, TJX is a defendant in several lawsuits filed in federal and state courts brought as putative class or collective actions on behalf of various groups of current and former salaried and hourly associates in the U.S. The lawsuits allege violations of the Fair Labor Standards Act and of state wage and hour and other labor statutes, including alleged misclassification of positions as exempt from overtime, alleged entitlement to additional wages for alleged off-the-clock work by hourly employees and alleged failure to pay all wages due upon termination. The lawsuits are in various procedural stages and seek unspecified monetary damages, injunctive relief and attorneys’ fees.
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not applicable.
PART II
Item 5. Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Security Holder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
Price Range of Common Stock
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange (Symbol: TJX). The quarterly high and low sale prices for our common stock for fiscal 2014 and fiscal 2013 are as follows:
| Fiscal 2014 | Fiscal 2013 | |||||||||||||||
| Quarter | High | Low | High | Low | ||||||||||||
| First | $ | 49.71 | $ | 43.43 | $ | 42.56 | $ | 33.41 | ||||||||
| Second | $ | 54.08 | $ | 48.71 | $ | 45.39 | $ | 39.46 | ||||||||
| Third | $ | 61.29 | $ | 50.31 | $ | 46.67 | $ | 40.38 | ||||||||
| Fourth | $ | 64.38 | $ | 56.47 | $ | 45.64 | $ | 40.08 |
The approximate number of common shareholders at February 1, 2014 was 142,700.
Our Board of Directors declared four quarterly dividends of $0.145 per share for fiscal 2014 and $0.115 per share for fiscal 2013. While our dividend policy is subject to periodic review by our Board of Directors, we are currently planning to pay a $0.175 per share quarterly dividend in fiscal 2015, subject to declaration and approval by our Board of Directors, and currently intend to continue to pay comparable dividends in the future.
Information on Share Repurchases
The number of shares of common stock repurchased by TJX during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014 and the average price paid per share are as follows:
| Total Number of Shares Repurchased(1) (a) | Average Price Paid Per Share(2) (b) | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of a Publicly Announced Plan or Program(3) (c) | Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (d) | |||||||||||||
| November 3, 2013 through November 30, 2013 | 1,645,791 | $ | 62.57 | 1,645,791 | $ | 1,321,755,068 | ||||||||||
| December 1, 2013 through January 4, 2014 | 3,165,900 | $ | 62.54 | 3,165,900 | $ | 1,123,760,477 | ||||||||||
| January 5, 2014 through February 1, 2014 | 2,491,326 | $ | 61.81 | 2,491,326 | $ | 969,760,788 | ||||||||||
| Total: | 7,303,017 | 7,303,017 |
| (1) | Repurchased under publicly announced stock repurchase programs. |
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| (2) | Includes commissions for the shares repurchased under stock repurchase programs. |
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| (3) | During the third quarter of fiscal 2014, TJX completed the $2 billion program authorized in January 2012 and initiated a $1.5 billion stock repurchase program announced in February 2013. Under this program, we repurchased a total of 8.6 million shares (including 7.3 million in the fourth quarter) at a cost of $530 million in fiscal 2014 and as of February 1, 2014 approximately $970 million remained available for purchase. Additionally, on February 26, 2014, we announced our 15th stock repurchase program authorizing an additional $2.0 billion in repurchases from time to time. |
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Item 6. Selected Financial Data
| Dollars in millions | Fiscal Year Ended January | |||||||||||||||||||
| except per share amounts | 2014 | 2013 | 2012 | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||
| (53 Weeks) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Income statement and per share data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Net sales | $ | 27,423 | $ | 25,878 | $ | 23,191 | $ | 21,942 | $ | 20,288 | ||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | $ | 2,137 | $ | 1,907 | $ | 1,496 | $ | 1,340 | $ | 1,214 | ||||||||||
| Weighted average common shares for diluted earnings per share calculation (in thousands)(1) | 726,376 | 747,555 | 773,772 | 812,826 | 855,239 | |||||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per share from continuing operations(1) | $ | 2.94 | $ | 2.55 | $ | 1.93 | $ | 1.65 | $ | 1.42 | ||||||||||
| Cash dividends declared per share(1) | $ | 0.58 | $ | 0.46 | $ | 0.38 | $ | 0.30 | $ | 0.24 | ||||||||||
| Balance sheet data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 2,150 | $ | 1,812 | $ | 1,507 | $ | 1,742 | $ | 1,615 | ||||||||||
| Working capital | $ | 2,550 | $ | 1,951 | $ | 2,069 | $ | 1,966 | $ | 1,909 | ||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 10,201 | $ | 9,512 | $ | 8,282 | $ | 7,972 | $ | 7,464 | ||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | $ | 947 | $ | 978 | $ | 803 | $ | 707 | $ | 429 | ||||||||||
| Long-term obligations(2) | $ | 1,274 | $ | 775 | $ | 785 | $ | 788 | $ | 790 | ||||||||||
| Shareholders’ equity | $ | 4,230 | $ | 3,666 | $ | 3,209 | $ | 3,100 | $ | 2,889 | ||||||||||
| Other financial data: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| After-tax return (continuing operations) on average shareholders’ equity | 54.1 | % | 55.5 | % | 47.4 | % | 44.7 | % | 48.3 | % | ||||||||||
| Total debt as a percentage of total capitalization(3) | 23.2 | % | 17.4 | % | 19.7 | % | 20.3 | % | 21.5 | % | ||||||||||
| Stores in operation: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| In the United States: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| T.J. Maxx | 1,079 | 1,036 | 983 | 923 | 890 | |||||||||||||||
| Marshalls | 942 | 904 | 884 | 830 | 813 | |||||||||||||||
| Sierra Trading Post | 4 | 4 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| HomeGoods | 450 | 415 | 374 | 336 | 323 | |||||||||||||||
| A.J. Wright(4) | — | — | — | 142 | 150 | |||||||||||||||
| In Canada: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Winners | 227 | 222 | 216 | 215 | 211 | |||||||||||||||
| HomeSense | 91 | 88 | 86 | 82 | 79 | |||||||||||||||
| Marshalls | 27 | 14 | 6 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| In Europe: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| T.K. Maxx | 371 | 343 | 332 | 307 | 263 | |||||||||||||||
| HomeSense | 28 | 24 | 24 | 24 | 14 | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 3,219 | 3,050 | 2,905 | 2,859 | 2,743 | |||||||||||||||
| Selling square footage (in thousands): | ||||||||||||||||||||
| In the United States: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| T.J. Maxx | 24,712 | 23,894 | 22,894 | 21,611 | 20,890 | |||||||||||||||
| Marshalls | 23,092 | 22,380 | 22,042 | 20,912 | 20,513 | |||||||||||||||
| Sierra Trading Post | 83 | 83 | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| HomeGoods | 8,865 | 8,210 | 7,391 | 6,619 | 6,354 | |||||||||||||||
| A.J. Wright(4) | — | — | — | 2,874 | 3,012 | |||||||||||||||
| In Canada: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Winners | 5,196 | 5,115 | 5,008 | 4,966 | 4,847 | |||||||||||||||
| HomeSense | 1,748 | 1,698 | 1,670 | 1,594 | 1,527 | |||||||||||||||
| Marshalls | 666 | 363 | 162 | — | — | |||||||||||||||
| In Europe: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| T.K. Maxx | 8,383 | 7,830 | 7,588 | 7,052 | 6,106 | |||||||||||||||
| HomeSense | 464 | 411 | 402 | 402 | 222 | |||||||||||||||
| Total | 73,209 | 69,984 | 67,157 | 66,030 | 63,471 | |||||||||||||||
| (1) | Fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 have been restated to reflect the two-for-one stock split effected in February 2012. |
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| (2) | Includes long-term debt, exclusive of current installments and capital lease obligation, less portion due within one year. |
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| (3) | Total capitalization includes shareholders’ equity, short-term debt, long-term debt and capital lease obligation, including current maturities. |
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| (4) | As a result of the consolidation of the A.J. Wright chain, all A.J. Wright stores ceased operations by the end of February 2011. |
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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
The discussion that follows relates to our 52-week fiscal year ended February 1, 2014 (fiscal 2014), our 53-week fiscal year ended February 2, 2013 (fiscal 2013) and our 52-week fiscal year ended January 28, 2012 (fiscal 2012).
OVERVIEW
We are the leading off-price apparel and home fashions retailer in the U.S. and worldwide. We sell a rapidly changing assortment of apparel, home fashions and other merchandise at prices generally 20% to 60% below department and specialty store regular prices on comparable merchandise, every day. We operate over 3,200 stores through our four main segments: in the U.S., Marmaxx (which operates T.J. Maxx, Marshalls and tjmaxx.com) and HomeGoods; TJX Canada (which operates Winners, HomeSense and Marshalls in Canada); and TJX Europe (which operates T.K. Maxx, HomeSense and tkmaxx.com in Europe). Late in fiscal 2013 TJX acquired Sierra Trading Post (STP), a leading off-price Internet retailer, which operates four stores and sierratradingpost.com in the U.S. The results of STP have been reported with the Marmaxx segment.
Fiscal 2014 was another successful year for TJX as we posted solid gains in same store sales, net sales and earnings per share on top of strong increases in both fiscal 2013 and fiscal 2012. We increased our e-commerce presence by launching our new e-commerce website tjmaxx.com during the third quarter of fiscal 2014 and successfully transitioned STP into the TJX family. We continued our focus on operating with lean inventory levels and reinvesting in our business by adding new stores, remodeling existing ones and strengthening our infrastructure to support our next level of growth. We also continued using cash to return value to our shareholders. Highlights of our financial performance for fiscal 2014 include the following:
| — | Same store sales, on a 52-week basis, increased 3% in fiscal 2014 over an increase of 7% in fiscal 2013 and an increase of 4% in fiscal 2012. The fiscal 2014 increase was driven by an increase in the value of average ticket (average unit retail) and a slight increase in customer traffic. |
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| — | Net sales increased to $27.4 billion for fiscal 2014, up 6% over the 53-week fiscal period last year. The 53rd week increased net sales by 2% in fiscal 2013. At February 1, 2014, the number of stores in operation increased 6% and selling square footage was up 5% over the end of fiscal 2013. |
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| — | Earnings per share for fiscal 2014 were $2.94 per diluted share, up 15% compared to $2.55 per diluted share in fiscal 2013. This year’s earnings were favorably impacted by $0.11 per share from tax benefits in the third quarter, while the 53rd week in fiscal 2013 added approximately $0.08 per share to that year’s earnings. |
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| — | Our fiscal 2014 pre-tax margin (the ratio of pre-tax income to net sales) was 12.1%, a 0.2 percentage point increase compared to our fiscal 2013 pre-tax margin, which benefitted from the 53rd week by approximately 0.2 percentage points. |
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| — | Our cost of sales ratio for fiscal 2014 improved 0.1 percentage point to 71.5% compared to our fiscal 2013 ratio, which benefitted from the 53rd week by approximately 0.2 percentage points. The improvement over last year was primarily due to levering of expenses on the 3% comp sales increase. |
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| — | Our selling, general and administrative expense ratio for fiscal 2014 decreased 0.1 percentage point from 16.4% in fiscal 2013 to 16.3%. |
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| — | Our consolidated average per store inventories, including inventory on hand at our distribution centers (which excludes inventory in transit) and excluding our e-commerce businesses, were down 8% at the end of fiscal 2014. |
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| — | During fiscal 2014, we repurchased 27.0 million shares of our common stock for $1.5 billion. Earnings per share reflect the benefit of the stock repurchase program. In January 2014, our Board of Directors authorized our 15th stock repurchase program for an additional $2 billion. |
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The following is a discussion of our consolidated operating results, followed by a discussion of our segment operating results. Adjusted measures exclude certain items affecting comparability. See “Adjusted Financial Measures” below.
Net sales: Consolidated net sales for fiscal 2014 totaled $27.4 billion, a 6% increase over $25.9 billion in fiscal 2013. The increase reflected a 4% increase from new stores, a 3% increase from same store sales and a 1% increase from STP, offset by a 2% decrease attributable to the 53rd week included in fiscal 2013. Foreign currency exchange rates had an immaterial impact on fiscal 2014 net sales. Consolidated net sales for fiscal 2013 totaled $25.9 billion, a 12% increase over $23.2 billion in fiscal 2012. The increase reflected a 7% increase from same store sales, a 3% increase from new stores and a 2% increase from the impact of the 53rd week in the fiscal 2013 calendar. Foreign currency exchange rates had an immaterial impact on fiscal 2013 net sales.
Same store sales increases in the U.S. for fiscal 2014 were driven by an increase in average ticket as well as a slight increase in customer traffic. We believe unfavorable weather in many regions where we operate had a negative impact on sales during the first and fourth quarters of fiscal 2014. Sales from jewelry and accessories, and home fashions performed particularly well in fiscal 2014. Geographically, in the U.S., sales were strongest in the West Coast and Florida. Same store sales at TJX Europe were above the consolidated average while same store sales at TJX Canada were below the consolidated average.
Same store sales increases in the U.S. for fiscal 2013 were driven by an increase in customer traffic, and to a lesser extent an increase in the value of the average transaction. Sales of both apparel and home fashions were equally strong. Geographically, same store sales increases in the U.S. were strong throughout most regions with Florida and the Southwest performing above the consolidated average and virtually all other regions close to the consolidated average. Our foreign segments both posted same store sales increases, with TJX Europe above the consolidated average and TJX Canada below the consolidated average.
We define same store sales to be sales of those stores that have been in operation for all or a portion of two consecutive fiscal years, or in other words, stores that are starting their third fiscal year of operation. We classify a store as a new store until it meets the same store sales criteria. We determine which stores are included in the same store sales calculation at the beginning of a fiscal year and the classification remains constant throughout that year, unless a store is closed. We calculate same store sales results by comparing the current and prior year weekly periods that are most closely aligned. Relocated stores and stores that have increased in size are generally classified in the same way as the original store, and we believe that the impact of these stores on the consolidated same store percentage is immaterial. Same store sales of our foreign segments are calculated on a constant currency basis, meaning we translate the current year’s same store sales of our foreign segments at the same exchange rates used in the prior year. This removes the effect of changes in currency exchange rates, which we believe is a more accurate measure of segment operating performance. We define customer traffic to be the number of transactions in stores included in the same store sales calculation and define average ticket to be the average retail price of the units sold. We define average transaction to be the average dollar value of transactions included in the same store sales calculation.
The following table
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Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk
| --- | --- |
TJX is exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of business. Some potential market risks are discussed below:
Foreign Currency Exchange Risk
We are exposed to foreign currency exchange rate risk on the translation of our foreign operations into the U.S. dollar and on purchases of goods in currencies that are not the local currencies of stores where the goods are sold and on intercompany debt and interest payable between and among our domestic and international operations. As more fully described in Note F to our consolidated financial statements, we use derivative financial instruments to hedge a portion of certain merchandise purchase commitments, primarily at our international operations, and a portion of our intercompany transactions with and within our international operations. We enter into derivative contracts only for the purpose of hedging the underlying economic exposure. We utilize currency forward and swap contracts, designed to offset the gains or losses on the underlying exposures. The contracts are executed with banks we believe are creditworthy and are denominated in currencies of major industrial countries. We have performed a sensitivity analysis assuming a hypothetical 10% adverse movement in foreign currency exchange rates applied to the hedging contracts and the underlying exposures described above as well as the translation of our foreign operations into our reporting currency. As of February 1, 2014, the analysis indicated that such an adverse movement would not have a material effect on our consolidated financial position but could have reduced our pre-tax income for fiscal 2014 by approximately $68 million.
Equity Price and Other Market Risk
The assets of our funded qualified pension plan, a large portion of which are equity securities, are subject to the risks and uncertainties of the financial markets. We invest the pension assets (described further in Note J to the consolidated financial statements) in a manner that attempts to minimize and control our exposure to market uncertainties. Investments, in general, are exposed to various risks, such as interest rate, credit, and overall market volatility risks. A significant decline in the financial markets could adversely affect the value of our pension plan assets and the funded status of our pension plan, which could result in increased required contributions to the plan or increase other plan-related liabilities. Our pension plan investment policy prohibits the use of derivatives for speculative purposes.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
The information required by this item may be found on pages F-1 through F-34 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Not applicable.
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
We have carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act, as of the end of the period covered by this report pursuant to Rules 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective at a reasonable assurance level in ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is (i) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms; and (ii) accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of implementing controls and procedures.
(b) Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2014 identified in connection with our Chief Executive Officer’s and Chief Financial Officer’s evaluation that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
(c) Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by our Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP and includes those policies and procedures that:
| — | Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of TJX; |
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| — | Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of TJX are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of TJX; and |
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| — | Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of TJX’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. |
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Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of February 1, 2014 based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued in 1992 by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on that evaluation, management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was effective as of February 1, 2014.
| (d) | Attestation Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
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PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited and reported on our consolidated financial statements contained herein, has audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of February 1, 2014, and has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting included herein.
Item 9B. Other Information
Not applicable.
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance
Executive Officers of the Registrant
The following are the executive officers of TJX as of April 1, 2014:
| Name | Age | Office and Employment During Last Five Years | ||||
| Bernard Cammarata | 74 | Chairman of the Board since 1999. Acting Chief Executive Officer from September 2005 to January 2007 and Chief Executive Officer from 1989 to 2000. Led TJX and its former TJX subsidiary and T.J. Maxx Division from the organization of the business in 1976 until 2000, including serving as Chief Executive Officer and President of TJX, Chairman and President of TJX’s T.J. Maxx Division, and Chairman of The Marmaxx Group. | ||||
| Scott Goldenberg | 60 | Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since January 2012. Executive Vice President, Finance from June 2009 to January 2012. Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller from 2007 to 2009 and Senior Vice President, Director of Finance, Marmaxx, from 2000 to 2007. Various financial positions with TJX from 1983 to 1988 and 1997 to 2000. | ||||
| Ernie Herrman | 53 | President since January 2011. Senior Executive Vice President, Group President from August 2008 to January 2011. Senior Executive Vice President from 2007 to 2008 and President, Marmaxx from 2005 to 2008. Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Marmaxx from 2004 to 2005. Executive Vice President, Merchandising, Marmaxx from 2001 to 2004. Various merchandising positions with TJX since 1989. | ||||
| Michael MacMillan | 57 | Senior Executive Vice President, Group President, TJX Europe since January 2012. Senior Executive Vice President, Group President from 2011 to January 2012. President, Marmaxx from 2008 to 2011. President, Winners Merchants International (WMI) from 2003 to 2008, Executive Vice President, WMI from 2000 to 2003. Previous finance positions from 1985 to 2000. | ||||
| Carol Meyrowitz | 60 | Chief Executive Officer since January 2007, Director since 2006 and President from 2005 to January 2011. Consultant to TJX from January 2005 to October 2005. Senior Executive Vice President from March 2004 to January 2005. President, Marmaxx from 2001 to January 2005. Executive Vice President of TJX from 2001 to 2004. Various senior management and merchandising positions with TJX since joining in 1983. | ||||
| Jerome Rossi | 70 | Senior Executive Vice President, Group President, since January 2007. Senior Executive Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, Marmaxx from 2005 to 2007. President, HomeGoods, from 2000 to 2005. Executive Vice President, Store Operations, Human Resources and Distribution Services, Marmaxx from 1996 to 2000. | ||||
| Richard Sherr | 56 | Senior Executive Vice President, Group President, since January 2012. President, HomeGoods from 2010 to 2012. Chief Operating Officer, Marmaxx from 2007 until 2010. Various merchandising positions at TJX from 1992 to 2007. | ||||
| Nan Stutz | 56 | Senior Executive Vice President, Group President, since February 2011. Group President from 2010 to 2011. President, HomeGoods from 2007 to 2010, Executive Vice President, Merchandise and Marketing from 2006 to 2007 and Senior Vice President, Merchandise and Marketing from 2005 to 2006. Various merchandising positions with TJX since 1990. |
The executive officers hold office until the next annual meeting of the Board in June 2014 and until their successors are elected and qualified.
TJX will file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a definitive proxy statement no later than 120 days after the close of its fiscal year ended February 1, 2014 (Proxy Statement). The information required by this
Item and not given in this Item will appear under the headings “Election of Directors” and “Corporate Governance,” including in “Board Committees and Meetings,” “Audit Committee Report” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in our Proxy Statement, which sections are incorporated in this item by reference.
TJX has a Code of Ethics for TJX Executives governing its Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, President, Chief Financial Officer, Principal Accounting Officer and other senior operating, financial and legal executives. The Code of Ethics for TJX Executives is designed to ensure integrity in its financial reports and public disclosures. TJX also has a Code of Conduct and Business Ethics for Directors which promotes honest and ethical conduct, compliance with applicable laws, rules and regulations and the avoidance of conflicts of interest. Both of these codes of conduct are published at tjx.com. We intend to disclose any future amendments to, or waivers from, the Code of Ethics for TJX Executives or the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics for Directors within four business days of the waiver or amendment through a website posting or by filing a Current Report on Form 8-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Item 11. Executive Compensation
| --- | --- |
The information required by this Item will appear under the headings “Executive Compensation” and “Director Compensation” in our Proxy Statement, which sections are incorporated in this item by reference.
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters
The information required by this Item will appear under the headings “Equity Compensation Plan Information” and “Beneficial Ownership” in our Proxy Statement, which sections are incorporated in this item by reference.
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
The information required by this Item will appear under the heading “Corporate Governance,” including in “Transactions with Related Persons” and “Board Independence,” in our Proxy Statement, which section is incorporated in this item by reference.
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The information required by this Item will appear under the headings “Audit Committee Report” and “Auditor Fees” in our Proxy Statement, which sections are incorporated in this item by reference.
PART IV
I TEM 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules
(a) Financial Statement Schedules
For a list of the consolidated financial information included herein, see Index to the Consolidated Financial Statements on page F-1.
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts
| In thousands | Balance Beginning of Period | Amounts Charged to Net Income | Write-Offs Against Reserve | Balance End of Period | ||||||||||||
| Sales Return Reserve: | ||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 1, 2014 | $ | 36,618 | $ | 1,667,466 | $ | 1,666,655 | $ | 37,429 | ||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2013 | $ | 22,348 | $ | 1,603,462 | $ | 1,589,192 | $ | 36,618 | ||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended January 28, 2012 | $ | 17,151 | $ | 1,387,956 | $ | 1,382,759 | $ | 22,348 | ||||||||
| Reserves Related to Former Operations: | ||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 1, 2014 | $ | 45,229 | $ | (1,872 | ) | $ | 11,994 | $ | 31,363 | |||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2013 | $ | 45,381 | $ | 16,996 | $ | 17,148 | $ | 45,229 | ||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended January 28, 2012 | $ | 54,695 | $ | 33,547 | $ | 42,861 | $ | 45,381 | ||||||||
| Casualty Insurance Reserve: | ||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 1, 2014 | $ | 14,632 | $ | 71,093 | $ | 71,029 | $ | 14,696 | ||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2013 | $ | 9,079 | $ | 50,730 | $ | 45,177 | $ | 14,632 | ||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended January 28, 2012 | $ | 14,241 | $ | (3,942 | ) | $ | 1,220 | $ | 9,079 | |||||||
| Computer Intrusion Reserve: | ||||||||||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 1, 2014 | $ | 15,767 | $ | — | $ | 2,913 | $ | 12,854 | ||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended February 2, 2013 | $ | 15,864 | $ | — | $ | 97 | $ | 15,767 | ||||||||
| Fiscal Year Ended January 28, 2012 | $ | 17,340 | $ | — | $ | 1,476 | $ | 15,864 | ||||||||
(b) Exhibits
Listed below are all exhibits filed as part of this report. Some exhibits are filed by the Registrant with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Rule 12b-32 under the Exchange Act.
| Exhibit No. | Description of Exhibit | |
| 3(i).1 | Fourth Restated Certificate of Incorporation is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 8-A/A filed September 9, 1999. Certificate of Amendment of Fourth Restated Certificate of Incorporation is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3(i) to the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended July 28, 2005. | |
| 3(ii).1 | By-laws of TJX, as amended, are incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 8-K filed on September 22, 2009. | |
| 4.1 | Indenture between TJX and U.S. Bank National Association dated as of April 2, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 of the Registration Statement on Form S-3 filed on April 2, 2009 (File 333-158360). | |
| 4.2 | First Supplemental Indenture between TJX and U.S. Bank National Association dated as of April 7, 2009, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-K filed on April 7, 2009. | |
| 4.3 | Second Supplemental Indenture between TJX and U.S. Bank National Association dated as of July 23, 2009, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Form 8-K filed on July 23, 2009. | |
| 4.4 | Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of May 2, 2013 by and between The TJX Companies, Inc. and U.S. Bank National Association, as Trustee, including the form of Global Note attached as Annex A thereto, incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to the Form 8-K filed on May 2, 2013. | |
| 10.1 | The Employment Agreement dated as of June 13, 2012 between Bernard Cammarata and TJX is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended July 28, 2012.* | |
| 10.2 | The Employment Agreement dated February 1, 2013 between Carol Meyrowitz and TJX is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 10-K filed for the year ended February 2, 2013.* | |
| 10.3 | The Employment Agreement dated February 1, 2013 between Ernie Herrman and TJX is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Form 10-K filed for the year ended February 2, 2013.* | |
| 10.4 | The Employment Agreement dated as of January 29, 2012 between Jerome Rossi and TJX is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Form 10-K filed for the year ended January 28, 2012. The Letter Agreement dated January 31, 2014 between Jerome Rossi and TJX is filed herewith.* | |
| 10.5 | The Employment Agreement dated January 31, 2014 between and among Michael MacMillan, NBC Attire, Inc. and TJX is filed herewith.* | |
| 10.6 | The Employment Agreement dated February 1, 2013 between Nan Stutz and TJX is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Form 10-K filed for the year ended February 2, 2013.* | |
| 10.7 | The Employment Agreement effective as of January 29, 2012 between Richard Sherr and TJX is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Form 10-K filed for the year ended January 28, 2012.* | |
| 10.8 | The Employment Agreement effective as of January 29, 2012 between Scott Goldenberg and TJX is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to the Form 10-K filed for the year ended January 28, 2012.* | |
| 10.9 | The Stock Incentive Plan (2013 Restatement) is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended May 4, 2013.* | |
| 10.10 | The Stock Incentive Plan Rules for U.K. Employees, as amended April 7, 2009, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended July 31, 2010.* |
| 10.11 | The Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Certificate granted under the Stock Incentive Plan as amended and restated through June 1, 2004 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended July 31, 2004.* | |
| 10.12 | The Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Certificate granted under the Stock Incentive Plan as of September 17, 2009 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 12.1 to the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended October 31, 2009. The Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Terms and Conditions granted under the Stock Incentive Plan as of September 17, 2009 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 12.2 to the Form 10-Q filed for the quarter ended October 31, 2009.* | |
| 10.13 | The Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Certificate granted under the Stock Incentive Plan as of September 9, 2010 is incorporated herein by re |
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