Item 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.

From time to time, we may be involved in legal proceedings and subject to claims incident to the ordinary course of business. For information regarding certain current legal proceedings, see note 14 of the notes to our consolidated

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financial statements, which is incorporated herein by reference. In addition to the legal proceedings referenced in note 14, we are involved in the following additional legal proceedings which may be material to our business.

California Non-Compete Matter

On July 17, 2017, we filed a complaint in the Superior Court of the State of California in the County of Alameda against Medidata, IQVIA, and Sparta Systems, Inc. (Veeva Systems Inc. v. Medidata Solutions, Inc., Quintiles IMS Incorporated, IMS Software Services, LTD., and Sparta Systems, Inc., Case No. RG17868081). Our lawsuit seeks declaratory and injunctive relief concerning the use of non-compete, confidentiality, and non-disparagement agreements by these companies. Since the original complaint was filed, there have been extensive requests to the court for rulings on contested questions.

On June 9, 2023, IQVIA, the only defendant remaining in the case, filed a counter-complaint seeking a declaration that its non-compete agreements comply with California law. On March 25, 2024, the trial court judge set a trial date of June 16, 2025 on the consolidated claims.

Although the results of legal proceedings and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe we are not currently a party to any other legal proceedings, the outcome of which, if determined adversely to us, would individually or taken together have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, cash flows, or financial position. Regardless of the outcome, such proceedings can have an adverse impact on us because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of resources and other factors, and there can be no assurances that favorable outcomes will be obtained.