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Cover and table of contents

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024

OR

☐TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 1-12252 (Equity Residential)

Commission File Number: 0-24920 (ERP Operating Limited Partnership)

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Maryland (Equity Residential)13-3675988 (Equity Residential)
Illinois (ERP Operating Limited Partnership)36-3894853 (ERP Operating Limited Partnership)
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
Two North Riverside Plaza**,** Chicago**,** Illinois 60606(312) 474-1300
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each classTrading Symbol(s)Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, $0.01 Par Value (Equity Residential)EQRNew York Stock Exchange
7.57% Notes due August 15, 2026 (ERP Operating Limited Partnership)N/ANew York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Equity Residential Yes ☒ No ☐ERP Operating Limited Partnership Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).

Equity Residential Yes ☒ No ☐ERP Operating Limited Partnership Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Equity Residential:

Large accelerated filer☒Accelerated filer☐
Non-accelerated filer☐Smaller reporting company☐
Emerging growth company☐

l

ERP Operating Limited Partnership:

Large accelerated filer☐Accelerated filer☐
Non-accelerated filer☒Smaller reporting company☐
Emerging growth company☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.

Equity Residential ☐ERP Operating Limited Partnership ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Equity Residential Yes ☐ No ☒ERP Operating Limited Partnership Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of EQR Common Shares of Beneficial Interest, $0.01 par value, outstanding on October 28, 2024 was 379,429,476.

EXPLANATORY NOTE

This report combines the reports on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2024 of Equity Residential and ERP Operating Limited Partnership. Unless stated otherwise or the context otherwise requires, references to “EQR” mean Equity Residential, a Maryland real estate investment trust (“REIT”), and references to “ERPOP” mean ERP Operating Limited Partnership, an Illinois limited partnership. References to the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” mean collectively EQR, ERPOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by EQR and/or ERPOP. References to the “Operating Partnership” mean collectively ERPOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ERPOP. The following chart illustrates the Company’s and the Operating Partnership’s corporate structure:

img137407437_0.jpg

EQR is the general partner of, and as of September 30, 2024 owned an approximate 97.0% ownership interest in, ERPOP. The remaining 3.0% interest is owned by limited partners. As the sole general partner of ERPOP, EQR has exclusive control of ERPOP’s day-to-day management. Management operates the Company and the Operating Partnership as one business. The management of EQR consists of the same members as the management of ERPOP.

The Company is structured as an umbrella partnership REIT (“UPREIT”) and EQR contributes all net proceeds from its various equity offerings to ERPOP. In return for those contributions, EQR receives a number of OP Units (see definition below) in ERPOP equal to the number of Common Shares it has issued in the equity offering. The Company may acquire properties in transactions that include the issuance of OP Units as consideration for the acquired properties. Such transactions may, in certain circumstances, enable the sellers to defer in whole or in part, the recognition of taxable income or gain that might otherwise result from the sales. This is one of the reasons why the Company is structured in the manner shown above. Based on the terms of ERPOP’s partnership agreement, OP Units can be exchanged with Common Shares on a one-for-one basis because the Company maintains a one-for-one relationship between the OP Units of ERPOP issued to EQR and the outstanding Common Shares.

The Company believes that combining the reports on Form 10-Q of EQR and ERPOP into this single report provides the following benefits:

  • enhances investors’ understanding of the Company and the Operating Partnership by enabling investors to view the business as a whole in the same manner as management views and operates the business;

  • eliminates duplicative disclosure and provides a more streamlined and readable presentation since a substantial portion of the disclosure applies to both the Company and the Operating Partnership; and

  • creates time and cost efficiencies through the preparation of one combined report instead of two separate reports.

The Company believes it is important to understand the few differences between EQR and ERPOP in the context of how EQR and ERPOP operate as a consolidated company. All of the Company’s property ownership, development and related business operations are conducted through the Operating Partnership and EQR has no material assets or liabilities other than its investment in ERPOP. EQR’s primary function is acting as the general partner of ERPOP. EQR also issues equity from time to time, the net proceeds of which it is obligated to contribute to ERPOP. EQR does not have any indebtedness as all debt is incurred by the Operating Partnership. The Operating Partnership holds substantially all of the assets of the Company, including the Company’s ownership interests in its joint ventures. The Operating Partnership conducts the operations of the business and is structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity. Except for the net proceeds from equity offerings by EQR (which are contributed to the capital of ERPOP in exchange for additional partnership interests in ERPOP (“OP Units”) (on a one-for-one Common Share per OP Unit basis) or additional preference units in ERPOP (on a one-for-one preferred share per preference unit basis)), the Operating Partnership generates all remaining capital required by the Company’s business. These sources include the Operating Partnership’s working capital, net cash provided by operating activities, borrowings under its revolving credit facility and/or commercial paper program, the issuance of secured and unsecured debt and partnership interests, and proceeds received from disposition of certain properties and joint venture interests.

Shareholders’ equity, partners’ capital and noncontrolling interests are the main areas of difference between the consolidated financial statements of the Company and those of the Operating Partnership. The limited partners of the Operating Partnership are accounted for as partners’ capital in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements and as noncontrolling interests in the Company’s financial statements. The noncontrolling interests in the Operating Partnership’s financial statements include the interests of unaffiliated partners in various consolidated partnerships. The noncontrolling interests in the Company’s financial statements include the same noncontrolling interests at the Operating Partnership level and limited partner OP Unit holders of the Operating Partnership. The differences between shareholders’ equity and partners’ capital result from differences in the equity issued at the Company and Operating Partnership levels.

To help investors understand the differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership, this report provides separate consolidated financial statements for the Company and the Operating Partnership; a single set of consolidated notes to such financial statements that includes separate discussions of each entity’s debt, noncontrolling interests and shareholders’ equity or partners’ capital, as applicable; and a combined Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations section that includes discrete information related to each entity.

This report also includes separate Part I, Item 4, Controls and Procedures, sections and separate Exhibits 31 and 32 certifications for each of the Company and the Operating Partnership in order to establish that the requisite certifications have been made and that the Company and the Operating Partnership are compliant with Rule 13a-15 or Rule 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and 18 U.S.C. §1350.

In order to highlight the differences between the Company and the Operating Partnership, the separate sections in this report for the Company and the Operating Partnership specifically refer to the Company and the Operating Partnership. In the sections that combine disclosure of the Company and the Operating Partnership, this report refers to actions or holdings as being actions or holdings of the Company. Although the Operating Partnership is generally the entity that directly or indirectly enters into contracts and joint ventures and holds assets and debt, reference to the Company is appropriate because the Company is one business and the Company operates that business through the Operating Partnership.

As general partner with control of ERPOP, EQR consolidates ERPOP for financial reporting purposes, and EQR essentially has no assets or liabilities other than its investment in ERPOP. Therefore, the assets and liabilities of the Company and the Operating Partnership are the same on their respective financial statements. The separate discussions of the Company and the Operating Partnership in this report should be read in conjunction with each other to understand the results of the Company on a consolidated basis and how management operates the Company.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE
PART I.
Item 1. Financial Statements of Equity Residential:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 20232
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 20233
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 20235
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 20239
Financial Statements of ERP Operating Limited Partnership:
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 202311
Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 202312
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 202314
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 202318
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements of Equity Residential and ERP Operating Limited Partnership20
Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations38
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk48
Item 4. Controls and Procedures48
PART II.
Item 1. Legal Proceedings49
Item 1A. Risk Factors49
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds49
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities49
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures49
Item 5. Other Information49
Item 6. Exhibits49

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED B****ALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands except for share amounts)

(Unaudited)

September 30,December 31,
20242023
ASSETS
Land$5,675,037$5,581,876
Depreciable property24,148,04322,938,426
Projects under development222,05578,036
Land held for development65,113114,300
Investment in real estate30,110,24828,712,638
Accumulated depreciation(10,386,783)(9,810,337)
Investment in real estate, net19,723,46518,902,301
Investments in unconsolidated entities359,810282,049
Cash and cash equivalents28,61050,743
Restricted deposits97,94989,252
Right-of-use assets458,673457,266
Other assets257,314252,953
Total assets$20,925,821$20,034,564
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Liabilities:
Mortgage notes payable, net$1,633,414$1,632,902
Notes, net5,945,6705,348,417
Line of credit and commercial paper786,561409,131
Accounts payable and accrued expenses165,78787,377
Accrued interest payable50,63365,716
Lease liabilities306,119311,640
Other liabilities294,543272,596
Security deposits74,35069,178
Distributions payable263,425259,231
Total liabilities9,520,5028,456,188
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership351,803289,248
Equity:
Shareholders' equity:
Preferred Shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value;100,000,000 shares authorized; 343,100 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and 745,600 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 202317,15537,280
Common Shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value;1,000,000,000 shares authorized; 379,354,738 shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and 379,291,417 shares issued and outstanding as of December 31, 20233,7943,793
Paid in capital9,584,5399,601,866
Retained earnings1,244,9531,437,185
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)3,5345,704
Total shareholders’ equity10,853,97511,085,828
Noncontrolling Interests:
Operating Partnership199,206202,306
Partially Owned Properties335994
Total Noncontrolling Interests199,541203,300
Total equity11,053,51611,289,128
Total liabilities and equity$20,925,821$20,034,564

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF O****PERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Amounts in thousands except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
REVENUES
Rental income$2,213,329$2,146,464$748,348$724,067
EXPENSES
Property and maintenance396,349391,437135,221129,087
Real estate taxes and insurance320,452312,607105,954102,858
Property management100,38190,31431,41228,169
General and administrative48,90249,13514,55114,094
Depreciation688,041661,921237,948224,736
Total expenses1,554,1251,505,414525,086498,944
Net gain (loss) on sales of real estate properties227,829127,034(165)26,912
Interest and other income26,50111,29615,8447,627
Other expenses(59,094)(20,517)(13,971)(4,958)
Interest:
Expense incurred, net(205,762)(200,882)(72,722)(68,891)
Amortization of deferred financing costs(5,784)(7,023)(1,948)(3,027)
Income before income and other taxes, income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated entities and net gain (loss) on sales of land parcels642,894550,958150,300182,786
Income and other tax (expense) benefit(925)(892)(290)(258)
Income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated entities(4,865)(3,847)(1,493)(1,242)
Net income637,104546,219148,517181,286
Net (income) loss attributable to Noncontrolling Interests:
Operating Partnership(17,290)(17,174)(4,012)(5,561)
Partially Owned Properties(3,098)(5,299)(1,059)(3,217)
Net income attributable to controlling interests616,716523,746143,446172,508
Preferred distributions(1,258)(2,318)(356)(773)
Premium on redemption of Preferred Shares(1,444)———
Net income available to Common Shares$614,014$521,428$143,090$171,735
Earnings per share – basic:
Net income available to Common Shares$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45
Weighted average Common Shares outstanding378,718378,614378,756378,853
Earnings per share – diluted:
Net income available to Common Shares$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45
Weighted average Common Shares outstanding390,688391,135391,026391,351

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIO****NS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Comprehensive income:
Net income$637,104$546,219$148,517$181,286
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Other comprehensive income (loss) – derivative instruments:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period(3,989)4,514(3,989)460
Losses reclassified into earnings from other comprehensive income1,8193,132609931
Other comprehensive income (loss)(2,170)7,646(3,380)1,391
Comprehensive income634,934553,865145,137182,677
Comprehensive (income) attributable to Noncontrolling Interests(20,330)(22,712)(4,980)(8,822)
Comprehensive income attributable to controlling interests$614,604$531,153$140,157$173,855

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEM****ENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income$637,104$546,219
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation688,041661,921
Amortization of deferred financing costs5,7847,023
Amortization of discounts and premiums on debt3,8232,815
Amortization of deferred settlements on derivative instruments1,8113,123
Amortization of right-of-use assets11,3209,572
Write-off of pursuit costs1,9052,739
(Income) loss from investments in unconsolidated entities4,8653,847
Distributions from unconsolidated entities – return on capital446436
Net (gain) loss on sales of real estate properties(227,829)(127,034)
Realized (gain) loss on investment securities1,316(1,511)
Unrealized (gain) loss on investment securities(19,880)(4,461)
Compensation paid with Company Common Shares26,78126,948
Changes in assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in other assets5,55111,887
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses71,36071,334
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest payable(15,083)(18,791)
Increase (decrease) in lease liabilities(3,363)(1,077)
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities20,258(7,024)
Increase (decrease) in security deposits5,172558
Net cash provided by operating activities1,219,3821,188,524
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Investment in real estate – acquisitions(1,320,592)(324,497)
Investment in real estate – development/other(90,718)(60,179)
Capital expenditures to real estate(230,107)(229,763)
Non-real estate capital additions(1,572)(1,457)
Interest capitalized for real estate and unconsolidated entities under development(10,697)(9,579)
Proceeds from disposition of real estate, net360,850191,718
Investments in unconsolidated entities – acquisitions(31,286)(989)
Investments in unconsolidated entities – development/other(48,360)(34,076)
Distributions from unconsolidated entities – return of capital1,40915
Purchase of investment securities and other investments—(2,500)
Proceeds from sale of investment securities7,4572,952
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities(1,363,616)(468,355)

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Debt financing costs$(5,307)$(4,106)
Mortgage notes payable, net:
Proceeds—572,896
Lump sum payoffs—(932,598)
Scheduled principal repayments(2,400)(554)
Notes, net:
Proceeds597,954—
Line of credit and commercial paper:
Line of credit proceeds198,000—
Line of credit repayments(198,000)—
Commercial paper proceeds8,610,4304,393,568
Commercial paper repayments(8,233,000)(4,025,887)
Proceeds from (payments on) settlement of derivative instruments(3,989)25,169
Finance ground lease principal payments(2,158)(1,995)
Proceeds from Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP)2,8302,591
Proceeds from exercise of options17,31511,474
Common Shares repurchased and retired(38,474)—
Redemption of Preferred Shares(20,125)—
Premium on redemption of Preferred Shares(1,444)—
Other financing activities, net(52)(37)
Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties—(3,737)
Contributions – Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties4589
Contributions – Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership21
Distributions:
Common Shares(762,990)(738,584)
Preferred Shares(2,031)(2,319)
Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership(23,058)(22,969)
Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties(3,163)(3,536)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities130,798(730,614)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits(13,436)(10,445)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, beginning of period139,995137,172
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, end of period$126,559$126,727
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, end of period
Cash and cash equivalents$28,610$39,250
Restricted deposits97,94987,477
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, end of period$126,559$126,727

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized$197,587$206,080
Net cash paid (received) for income and other taxes$1,097$1,035
Real estate acquisitions/dispositions/other:
Mortgage loans assumed$—$42,256
Amortization of deferred financing costs:
Investment in real estate, net$—$(211)
Other assets$2,089$2,089
Mortgage notes payable, net$786$2,265
Notes, net$2,909$2,880
Amortization of discounts and premiums on debt:
Mortgage notes payable, net$2,126$1,129
Notes, net$1,697$1,686
Amortization of deferred settlements on derivative instruments:
Other liabilities$(8)$(9)
Accumulated other comprehensive income$1,819$3,132
Write-off of pursuit costs:
Investment in real estate, net$401$421
Investments in unconsolidated entities$1,292$1,667
Other assets$212$651
(Income) loss from investments in unconsolidated entities:
Investments in unconsolidated entities$3,927$2,909
Other liabilities$938$938
Realized/unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments:
Other assets$—$(3,749)
Other liabilities$3,989$(765)
Accumulated other comprehensive income$(3,989)$4,514
Investment in real estate – acquisitions:
Investment in real estate, net$(1,307,865)$(324,497)
Right-of-use assets$(12,727)$—
Interest capitalized for real estate and unconsolidated entities under development:
Investment in real estate, net$(4,308)$(3,468)
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(6,389)$(6,111)
Investments in unconsolidated entities – development/other:
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(47,160)$(32,667)
Other liabilities$(1,200)$(1,409)
Debt financing costs:
Mortgage notes payable, net$—$(4,106)
Notes, net$(5,307)$—
Proceeds from (payments on) settlement of derivative instruments:
Other assets$—$25,613
Other liabilities$(3,989)$(444)
Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities initial measurement and reclassifications:
Right-of-use assets$—$(7,105)
Lease liabilities$—$7,105
Non-cash share distribution and other transfers from unconsolidated entities:
Investments in unconsolidated entities$—$539
Other assets$—$(539)

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
Non-cash change in Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP) balances:
Other assets$(1,362)$33,970
Other liabilities$1,959$(66,048)
Paid in capital$(597)$32,078

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT****S OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
PREFERRED SHARES
Balance, beginning of period$37,280$37,280$17,155$37,280
Partial redemption of 8.29% Series K Cumulative Redeemable(20,125)———
Balance, end of period$17,155$37,280$17,155$37,280
**COMMON SHARES, $**0.01 PAR VALUE
Balance, beginning of period$3,793$3,784$3,791$3,790
Conversion of OP Units into Common Shares2917
Exercise of share options322—
Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP)1———
Common Shares repurchased and retired(7)———
Share-based employee compensation expense:
Restricted shares22——
Balance, end of period$3,794$3,797$3,794$3,797
PAID IN CAPITAL
Balance, beginning of period$9,601,866$9,476,085$9,590,105$9,472,628
Common Share Issuance:
Conversion of OP Units into Common Shares8,23213,9073,1859,250
Exercise of share options17,31211,47210,833116
Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP)2,8292,591381467
Share-based employee compensation expense:
Restricted shares11,75310,2922,3722,349
Share options2,9733,904466779
ESPP discount5894818883
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP)(597)32,078131,930
Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties—(900)——
Change in market value of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership(64,541)18,613(25,483)57,736
Adjustment for Noncontrolling Interests ownership in Operating Partnership4,12320,5342,59113,719
Balance, end of period$9,584,539$9,589,057$9,584,539$9,589,057
RETAINED EARNINGS
Balance, beginning of period$1,437,185$1,658,837$1,357,922$1,506,460
Net income attributable to controlling interests616,716523,746143,446172,508
Common Share distributions(767,779)(753,633)(256,059)(251,563)
Preferred Share distributions(1,258)(2,318)(356)(773)
Premium on redemption of Preferred Shares – cash charge(1,444)———
Common Shares repurchased and retired(38,467)———
Balance, end of period$1,244,953$1,426,632$1,244,953$1,426,632
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Balance, beginning of period$5,704$(2,547)$6,914$3,708
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) – derivative instruments:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period(3,989)4,514(3,989)460
Losses reclassified into earnings from other comprehensive income1,8193,132609931
Balance, end of period$3,534$5,099$3,534$5,099
DISTRIBUTIONS
Distributions declared per Common Share outstanding$2.025$1.9875$0.675$0.6625

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands except per share data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
OPERATING PARTNERSHIP
Balance, beginning of period$202,306$209,961$204,032$207,405
Issuance of restricted units to Noncontrolling Interests21——
Conversion of OP Units held by Noncontrolling Interests into OP Units held by General Partner(8,234)(13,916)(3,186)(9,257)
Equity compensation associated with Noncontrolling Interests13,21514,2052,9793,338
Net income attributable to Noncontrolling Interests17,29017,1744,0125,561
Distributions to Noncontrolling Interests(23,236)(22,924)(7,361)(7,284)
Change in carrying value of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership1,98621,8781,32119,801
Adjustment for Noncontrolling Interests ownership in Operating Partnership(4,123)(20,534)(2,591)(13,719)
Balance, end of period$199,206$205,845$199,206$205,845
PARTIALLY OWNED PROPERTIES
Balance, beginning of period$994$(721)$(295)$(4,728)
Net income attributable to Noncontrolling Interests3,0985,2991,0593,217
Contributions by Noncontrolling Interests4589——
Distributions to Noncontrolling Interests(3,215)(3,573)(429)(312)
Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties—(2,837)——
Other(1,000)———
Balance, end of period$335$(1,823)$335$(1,823)

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LI****MITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED B****ALANCE SHEETS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

September 30,December 31,
20242023
ASSETS
Land$5,675,037$5,581,876
Depreciable property24,148,04322,938,426
Projects under development222,05578,036
Land held for development65,113114,300
Investment in real estate30,110,24828,712,638
Accumulated depreciation(10,386,783)(9,810,337)
Investment in real estate, net19,723,46518,902,301
Investments in unconsolidated entities359,810282,049
Cash and cash equivalents28,61050,743
Restricted deposits97,94989,252
Right-of-use assets458,673457,266
Other assets257,314252,953
Total assets$20,925,821$20,034,564
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL
Liabilities:
Mortgage notes payable, net$1,633,414$1,632,902
Notes, net5,945,6705,348,417
Line of credit and commercial paper786,561409,131
Accounts payable and accrued expenses165,78787,377
Accrued interest payable50,63365,716
Lease liabilities306,119311,640
Other liabilities294,543272,596
Security deposits74,35069,178
Distributions payable263,425259,231
Total liabilities9,520,5028,456,188
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable Limited Partners351,803289,248
Capital:
Partners’ Capital:
Preference Units17,15537,280
General Partner10,833,28611,042,844
Limited Partners199,206202,306
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)3,5345,704
Total partners’ capital11,053,18111,288,134
Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties335994
Total capital11,053,51611,289,128
Total liabilities and capital$20,925,821$20,034,564

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERA****TIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

(Amounts in thousands except per Unit data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
REVENUES
Rental income$2,213,329$2,146,464$748,348$724,067
EXPENSES
Property and maintenance396,349391,437135,221129,087
Real estate taxes and insurance320,452312,607105,954102,858
Property management100,38190,31431,41228,169
General and administrative48,90249,13514,55114,094
Depreciation688,041661,921237,948224,736
Total expenses1,554,1251,505,414525,086498,944
Net gain (loss) on sales of real estate properties227,829127,034(165)26,912
Interest and other income26,50111,29615,8447,627
Other expenses(59,094)(20,517)(13,971)(4,958)
Interest:
Expense incurred, net(205,762)(200,882)(72,722)(68,891)
Amortization of deferred financing costs(5,784)(7,023)(1,948)(3,027)
Income before income and other taxes, income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated entities and net gain (loss) on sales of land parcels642,894550,958150,300182,786
Income and other tax (expense) benefit(925)(892)(290)(258)
Income (loss) from investments in unconsolidated entities(4,865)(3,847)(1,493)(1,242)
Net income637,104546,219148,517181,286
Net (income) loss attributable to Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties(3,098)(5,299)(1,059)(3,217)
Net income attributable to controlling interests$634,006$540,920$147,458$178,069
ALLOCATION OF NET INCOME:
Preference Units$1,258$2,318$356$773
Premium on redemption of Preference Units$1,444$—$—$—
General Partner$614,014$521,428$143,090$171,735
Limited Partners17,29017,1744,0125,561
Net income available to Units$631,304$538,602$147,102$177,296
Earnings per Unit – basic:
Net income available to Units$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45
Weighted average Units outstanding389,379389,991389,379390,087
Earnings per Unit – diluted:
Net income available to Units$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45
Weighted average Units outstanding390,688391,135391,026391,351

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIO****NS AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands except per Unit data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Comprehensive income:
Net income$637,104$546,219$148,517$181,286
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Other comprehensive income (loss) – derivative instruments:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period(3,989)4,514(3,989)460
Losses reclassified into earnings from other comprehensive income1,8193,132609931
Other comprehensive income (loss)(2,170)7,646(3,380)1,391
Comprehensive income634,934553,865145,137182,677
Comprehensive (income) attributable to Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties(3,098)(5,299)(1,059)(3,217)
Comprehensive income attributable to controlling interests$631,836$548,566$144,078$179,460

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STA****TEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income$637,104$546,219
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation688,041661,921
Amortization of deferred financing costs5,7847,023
Amortization of discounts and premiums on debt3,8232,815
Amortization of deferred settlements on derivative instruments1,8113,123
Amortization of right-of-use assets11,3209,572
Write-off of pursuit costs1,9052,739
(Income) loss from investments in unconsolidated entities4,8653,847
Distributions from unconsolidated entities – return on capital446436
Net (gain) loss on sales of real estate properties(227,829)(127,034)
Realized (gain) loss on investment securities1,316(1,511)
Unrealized (gain) loss on investment securities(19,880)(4,461)
Compensation paid with Company Common Shares26,78126,948
Changes in assets and liabilities:
(Increase) decrease in other assets5,55111,887
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses71,36071,334
Increase (decrease) in accrued interest payable(15,083)(18,791)
Increase (decrease) in lease liabilities(3,363)(1,077)
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities20,258(7,024)
Increase (decrease) in security deposits5,172558
Net cash provided by operating activities1,219,3821,188,524
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Investment in real estate – acquisitions(1,320,592)(324,497)
Investment in real estate – development/other(90,718)(60,179)
Capital expenditures to real estate(230,107)(229,763)
Non-real estate capital additions(1,572)(1,457)
Interest capitalized for real estate and unconsolidated entities under development(10,697)(9,579)
Proceeds from disposition of real estate, net360,850191,718
Investments in unconsolidated entities – acquisitions(31,286)(989)
Investments in unconsolidated entities – development/other(48,360)(34,076)
Distributions from unconsolidated entities – return of capital1,40915
Purchase of investment securities and other investments—(2,500)
Proceeds from sale of investment securities7,4572,952
Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities(1,363,616)(468,355)

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Debt financing costs$(5,307)$(4,106)
Mortgage notes payable, net:
Proceeds—572,896
Lump sum payoffs—(932,598)
Scheduled principal repayments(2,400)(554)
Notes, net:
Proceeds597,954—
Line of credit and commercial paper:
Line of credit proceeds198,000—
Line of credit repayments(198,000)—
Commercial paper proceeds8,610,4304,393,568
Commercial paper repayments(8,233,000)(4,025,887)
Proceeds from (payments on) settlement of derivative instruments(3,989)25,169
Finance ground lease principal payments(2,158)(1,995)
Proceeds from EQR’s Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP)2,8302,591
Proceeds from exercise of EQR options17,31511,474
OP Units repurchased and retired(38,474)—
Redemption of Preference Units(20,125)—
Premium on redemption of Preference Units(1,444)—
Other financing activities, net(52)(37)
Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties—(3,737)
Contributions – Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties4589
Contributions – Limited Partners21
Distributions:
OP Units – General Partner(762,990)(738,584)
Preference Units(2,031)(2,319)
OP Units – Limited Partners(23,058)(22,969)
Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties(3,163)(3,536)
Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities130,798(730,614)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits(13,436)(10,445)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, beginning of period139,995137,172
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, end of period$126,559$126,727
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, end of period
Cash and cash equivalents$28,610$39,250
Restricted deposits97,94987,477
Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted deposits, end of period$126,559$126,727

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
SUPPLEMENTAL INFORMATION:
Cash paid for interest, net of amounts capitalized$197,587$206,080
Net cash paid (received) for income and other taxes$1,097$1,035
Real estate acquisitions/dispositions/other:
Mortgage loans assumed$—$42,256
Amortization of deferred financing costs:
Investment in real estate, net$—$(211)
Other assets$2,089$2,089
Mortgage notes payable, net$786$2,265
Notes, net$2,909$2,880
Amortization of discounts and premiums on debt:
Mortgage notes payable, net$2,126$1,129
Notes, net$1,697$1,686
Amortization of deferred settlements on derivative instruments:
Other liabilities$(8)$(9)
Accumulated other comprehensive income$1,819$3,132
Write-off of pursuit costs:
Investment in real estate, net$401$421
Investments in unconsolidated entities$1,292$1,667
Other assets$212$651
(Income) loss from investments in unconsolidated entities:
Investments in unconsolidated entities$3,927$2,909
Other liabilities$938$938
Realized/unrealized (gain) loss on derivative instruments:
Other assets$—$(3,749)
Other liabilities$3,989$(765)
Accumulated other comprehensive income$(3,989)$4,514
Investment in real estate – acquisitions:
Investment in real estate, net$(1,307,865)$(324,497)
Right-of-use assets$(12,727)$—
Interest capitalized for real estate and unconsolidated entities under development:
Investment in real estate, net$(4,308)$(3,468)
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(6,389)$(6,111)
Investments in unconsolidated entities – development/other:
Investments in unconsolidated entities$(47,160)$(32,667)
Other liabilities$(1,200)$(1,409)
Debt financing costs:
Mortgage notes payable, net$—$(4,106)
Notes, net$(5,307)$—
Proceeds from (payments on) settlement of derivative instruments:
Other assets$—$25,613
Other liabilities$(3,989)$(444)
Right-of-use assets and lease liabilities initial measurement and reclassifications:
Right-of-use assets$—$(7,105)
Lease liabilities$—$7,105
Non-cash share distribution and other transfers from unconsolidated entities:
Investments in unconsolidated entities$—$539
Other assets$—$(539)

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,
20242023
Non-cash change in Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP) balances:
Other assets$(1,362)$33,970
Other liabilities$1,959$(66,048)
Paid in capital$(597)$32,078

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT****S OF CHANGES IN CAPITAL

(Amounts in thousands except per Unit data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
PARTNERS’ CAPITAL
PREFERENCE UNITS
Balance, beginning of period$37,280$37,280$17,155$37,280
Partial redemption of 8.29% Series K Cumulative Redeemable(20,125)———
Balance, end of period$17,155$37,280$17,155$37,280
GENERAL PARTNER
Balance, beginning of period$11,042,844$11,138,706$10,951,818$10,982,878
OP Unit Issuance:
Conversion of OP Units held by Limited Partners into OP Units held by General Partner8,23413,9163,1869,257
Exercise of EQR share options17,31511,47410,835116
EQR’s Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP)2,8302,591381467
Share-based employee compensation expense:
EQR restricted shares11,75510,2942,3722,349
EQR share options2,9733,904466779
EQR ESPP discount5894818883
OP Units repurchased and retired(38,474)———
Net income available to Units – General Partner614,014521,428143,090171,735
OP Units – General Partner distributions(767,779)(753,633)(256,059)(251,563)
Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan (SERP)(597)32,078131,930
Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties—(900)——
Change in market value of Redeemable Limited Partners(64,541)18,613(25,483)57,736
Adjustment for Limited Partners ownership in Operating Partnership4,12320,5342,59113,719
Balance, end of period$10,833,286$11,019,486$10,833,286$11,019,486
LIMITED PARTNERS
Balance, beginning of period$202,306$209,961$204,032$207,405
Issuance of restricted units to Limited Partners21——
Conversion of OP Units held by Limited Partners into OP Units held by General Partner(8,234)(13,916)(3,186)(9,257)
Equity compensation associated with Units – Limited Partners13,21514,2052,9793,338
Net income available to Units – Limited Partners17,29017,1744,0125,561
Units – Limited Partners distributions(23,236)(22,924)(7,361)(7,284)
Change in carrying value of Redeemable Limited Partners1,98621,8781,32119,801
Adjustment for Limited Partners ownership in Operating Partnership(4,123)(20,534)(2,591)(13,719)
Balance, end of period$199,206$205,845$199,206$205,845
ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Balance, beginning of period$5,704$(2,547)$6,914$3,708
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) – derivative instruments:
Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during the period(3,989)4,514(3,989)460
Losses reclassified into earnings from other comprehensive income1,8193,132609931
Balance, end of period$3,534$5,099$3,534$5,099
DISTRIBUTIONS
Distributions declared per Unit outstanding$2.025$1.9875$0.675$0.6625

See accompanying notes

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN CAPITAL (Continued)

(Amounts in thousands except per Unit data)

(Unaudited)

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS
NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS – PARTIALLY OWNED PROPERTIES
Balance, beginning of period$994$(721)$(295)$(4,728)
Net income attributable to Noncontrolling Interests3,0985,2991,0593,217
Contributions by Noncontrolling Interests4589——
Distributions to Noncontrolling Interests(3,215)(3,573)(429)(312)
Acquisition of Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties—(2,837)——
Other(1,000)———
Balance, end of period$335$(1,823)$335$(1,823)

See accompanying notes

EQUITY RESIDENTIAL

ERP OPERATING LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

1.

Business

Equity Residential (“EQR”) is an S&P 500 company focused on the acquisition, development and management of residential properties located in and around dynamic cities that attract affluent long-term renters, a business that is conducted on its behalf by ERP Operating Limited Partnership (“ERPOP”). EQR is a Maryland real estate investment trust (“REIT”) formed in March 1993 and ERPOP is an Illinois limited partnership formed in May 1993. References to the “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our” mean collectively EQR, ERPOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by EQR and/or ERPOP. References to the “Operating Partnership” mean collectively ERPOP and those entities/subsidiaries owned or controlled by ERPOP. Unless otherwise indicated, the notes to consolidated financial statements apply to both the Company and the Operating Partnership.

EQR is the general partner of, and as of September 30, 2024 owned an approximate 97.0% ownership interest in, ERPOP. All of the Company’s property ownership, development and related business operations are conducted through the Operating Partnership and EQR has no material assets or liabilities other than its investment in ERPOP. EQR issues equity from time to time, the net proceeds of which it is obligated to contribute to ERPOP, but does not have any indebtedness as all debt is incurred by the Operating Partnership. The Operating Partnership holds substantially all of the assets of the Company, including the Company’s ownership interests in its joint ventures. The Operating Partnership conducts the operations of the business and is structured as a partnership with no publicly traded equity.

As of September 30, 2024, the Company, directly or indirectly through investments in title holding entities, owned all or a portion of 312 properties located in 10 states and the District of Columbia consisting of 84,018 apartment units. The ownership breakdown includes (table does not include any uncompleted development properties):

PropertiesApartment Units
Wholly Owned Properties29780,749
Partially Owned Properties – Consolidated143,060
Partially Owned Properties – Unconsolidated1209
31284,018

2.

Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) and certain reclassifications considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024.

In preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

The balance sheets at December 31, 2023 have been derived from the audited financial statements at that date but do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States for complete financial statements.

For further information, including definitions of capitalized terms not defined herein, refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s and the Operating Partnership’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Income and Other Taxes

EQR has elected to be taxed as a REIT. This, along with the nature of the operations of its operating properties, resulted in no provision for federal income taxes at the EQR level. In addition, ERPOP generally is not liable for federal income taxes as the partners recognize their allocable share of income or loss in their tax returns; therefore no provision for federal income taxes has been made at the ERPOP level. Historically, the Company has generally only incurred certain state and local income, excise and franchise taxes. The Company has elected taxable REIT subsidiary (“TRS”) status for certain of its corporate subsidiaries and, as a result, these entities will incur both federal and state income taxes on any taxable income of such entities after consideration of any net operating losses.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In March 2024, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") adopted final rules that will require certain climate-related information in registration statements and annual reports. In April 2024, the SEC voluntarily stayed the new rules as a result of pending legal challenges. The new rules include a requirement to disclose material climate-related risks, descriptions of board and management oversight and risk management activities, the material impacts of these risks on a registrant’s strategy, business model and outlook, and any material climate-related targets or goals, as well as material effects and costs of severe weather events and other natural conditions and greenhouse gas emissions. Prior to the stay of the new rules, they would have been effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025, except for the greenhouse gas emissions disclosures, which would have been effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2026. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the new rules on its disclosures.

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an amendment to the income tax standards which requires disclosure enhancements and further transparency to certain income tax disclosures, most notably the tax rate reconciliation and income taxes paid. The new standard will be effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2025 and will be applied on a prospective basis with the option to apply the standard retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard on its consolidated results of operations and financial position.

In November 2023, the FASB issued an amendment to the segment reporting standards which requires disclosure for each reportable segment, on an interim and annual basis, of the significant expense categories and amounts that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker and included in each reported measure of a segment’s profit or loss. Additionally, it requires disclosure of the title and position of the individual or the name of the group or committee identified as the chief operating decision maker. The new standard will be effective for annual periods beginning January 1, 2024 and interim periods beginning January 1, 2025 on a retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting the standard on its segment disclosures.

In March 2020, the FASB issued an amendment to the reference rate reform standard which provides the option for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for, or recognizing the effects of, reference rate reform on contract modifications and hedge accounting. The new standard was effective for the Company upon issuance and elections could be made through December 31, 2024. The Company elected to apply the hedge accounting expedients and application of these expedients preserves the presentation of derivatives consistent with past presentation.

3.

Equity, Capital and Other Interests

The Company refers to “Common Shares” and “Units” (which refer to both OP Units and restricted units) as equity securities for EQR and “General Partner Units” and “Limited Partner Units” as equity securities for ERPOP. To provide a streamlined and more readable presentation of the disclosures for the Company and the Operating Partnership, several sections below refer to the respective terminology for each with the same financial information and separate sections are provided, where needed, to further distinguish any differences in financial information and terminology.

The following table presents the changes in the Company’s issued and outstanding Common Shares and Units for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

20242023
Common Shares
Common Shares outstanding at January 1,379,291,417378,429,708
Common Shares Issued:
Conversion of OP Units191,019862,596
Exercise of share options284,021234,395
Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP)54,06148,835
Restricted share grants, net186,672148,304
Common Shares Other:
Repurchased and retired(652,452)—
Common Shares outstanding at September 30,379,354,738379,723,838
Units
Units outstanding at January 1,11,581,30612,429,737
Restricted unit grants, net172,667166,344
Conversion of OP Units to Common Shares(191,019)(862,596)
Units outstanding at September 30,11,562,95411,733,485
Total Common Shares and Units outstanding at September 30,390,917,692391,457,323
Units Ownership Interest in Operating Partnership3.0%3.0%

The following table presents the changes in the Operating Partnership’s issued and outstanding General Partner Units and Limited Partner Units for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

20242023
General and Limited Partner Units
General and Limited Partner Units outstanding at January 1,390,872,723390,859,445
Issued to General Partner:
Exercise of EQR share options284,021234,395
EQR’s Employee Share Purchase Plan (ESPP)54,06148,835
EQR’s restricted share grants, net186,672148,304
Issued to Limited Partners:
Restricted unit grants, net172,667166,344
General Partner Other:
OP Units repurchased and retired(652,452)—
General and Limited Partner Units outstanding at September 30,390,917,692391,457,323
Limited Partner Units
Limited Partner Units outstanding at January 1,11,581,30612,429,737
Limited Partner restricted unit grants, net172,667166,344
Conversion of Limited Partner OP Units to EQR Common Shares(191,019)(862,596)
Limited Partner Units outstanding at September 30,11,562,95411,733,485
Limited Partner Units Ownership Interest in Operating Partnership3.0%3.0%

The equity positions of various individuals and entities that contributed their properties to the Operating Partnership in exchange for OP Units, as well as the equity positions of the holders of restricted units, are collectively referred to as the “Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership” and “Limited Partners Capital,” respectively, for the Company and the Operating Partnership. Subject to certain exceptions (including the “book-up” requirements of restricted units), the Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital may exchange their Units with EQR for Common Shares on a one-for-one basis. The carrying value of the Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital (including redeemable interests) is allocated based on the number of Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital in total in proportion to the number of Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital in total plus the total number of Common Shares/General Partner Units. Net income is allocated to the Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital based on the weighted average ownership percentage during the period.

The Operating Partnership has the right but not the obligation to make a cash payment instead of issuing Common Shares to any and all holders of Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital requesting an exchange of their Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital with EQR. Once the Operating Partnership elects not to redeem the Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital for cash, EQR is obligated to deliver Common Shares to the exchanging holder of the Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital.

The Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital are classified as either mezzanine equity or permanent equity. If EQR is required, either by contract or securities law, to deliver registered Common Shares, such Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital are differentiated and referred to as “Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership” and “Redeemable Limited Partners,” respectively. Instruments that require settlement in registered shares cannot be classified in permanent equity as it is not always completely within an issuer’s control to deliver registered shares. Therefore, settlement in cash is assumed and that responsibility for settlement in cash is deemed to fall to the Operating Partnership as the primary source of cash for EQR, resulting in presentation in the mezzanine section of the balance sheet. The Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited Partners are adjusted to the greater of carrying value or fair market value based on the Common Share price of EQR at the end of each respective reporting period. EQR has the ability to deliver unregistered Common Shares for the remaining portion of the Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital that are classified in permanent equity at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

The carrying value of the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited Partners is allocated based on the number of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited Partners in proportion to the number of Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Limited Partners Capital in total. Such percentage of the total carrying value of Units/Limited Partner Units which is ascribed to the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited Partners is then adjusted to the greater of carrying value or fair market value as described above. As of September 30, 2024 and 2023, the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited Partners have a redemption value of approximately $351.8 million and $277.8 million, respectively, which represents the value of Common Shares that would be issued in exchange for the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited Partners.

The following table presents the changes in the redemption value of the Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited Partners for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively (amounts in thousands):

20242023
Balance at January 1,$289,248$318,273
Change in market value64,541(18,613)
Change in carrying value(1,986)(21,878)
Balance at September 30,$351,803$277,782

Net proceeds from EQR Common Share and Preferred Share (see definition below) offerings and proceeds from exercise of options for Common Shares are contributed by EQR to ERPOP. In return for those contributions, EQR receives a number of OP Units in ERPOP equal to the number of Common Shares it has issued in the equity offering (or in the case of a preferred equity offering, a number of preference units in ERPOP equal in number and having the same terms as the Preferred Shares issued in the equity offering). As a result, the net proceeds from Common Shares and Preferred Shares are allocated for the Company between shareholders’ equity and Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership and for the Operating Partnership between General Partner’s Capital and Limited Partners Capital to account for the change in their respective percentage ownership of the underlying equity.

The Company’s declaration of trust authorizes it to issue up to 100,000,000 preferred shares of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value per share (the “Preferred Shares”), with specific rights, preferences and other attributes as the Board of Trustees may determine, which may include preferences, powers and rights that are senior to the rights of holders of the Company’s Common Shares.

The following table presents the Company’s issued and outstanding Preferred Shares/Preference Units as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

Amounts in thousands
Annual
CallDividend PerSeptember 30,December 31,
Date (1)Share/Unit (2)20242023
Preferred Shares/Preference Units of beneficial interest, $0.01 par value;100,000,000 shares authorized:
8.29% Series K Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Shares/Preference Units; liquidation value $50 per share/unit; 343,100 shares/units issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2024 and 745,600 shares/units issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2023 (3)12/10/2026$4.145$17,155$37,280
$17,155$37,280

(1)

On or after the call date, redeemable Preferred Shares/Preference Units may be redeemed for cash at the option of the Company or the Operating Partnership, respectively, in whole or in part, at a redemption price equal to the liquidation price per share/unit, plus accrued and unpaid distributions, if any.

(2)

Dividends on Preferred Shares/Preference Units are payable quarterly.

(3)

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased and retired 402,500 Series K Preferred Shares/Preference Units with a liquidation value of approximately $20.1 million for total cash consideration of approximately $21.8 million, inclusive of premiums and accrued dividends through the redemption date. As a result of this partial redemption, the Company incurred a cash charge of approximately $1.4 million which was recorded as a premium on the redemption of Preferred Shares/Preference Units.

Other

EQR and ERPOP currently have an active universal shelf registration statement for the issuance of equity and debt securities that automatically became effective upon filing with the SEC in May 2022 and expires in May 2025. Per the terms of ERPOP’s partnership agreement, EQR contributes the net proceeds of all equity offerings to the capital of ERPOP in exchange for additional OP Units (on a one-for-one Common Share per OP Unit basis) or preference units (on a one-for-one preferred share per preference unit basis).

The Company has an At-The-Market (“ATM”) share offering program which allows EQR to issue Common Shares from time to time into the existing trading market at current market prices or through negotiated transactions, including under forward sale arrangements. The current program matures in May 2025 and gives us the authority to issue up to 13.0 million shares, all of which remain available for issuance as of September 30, 2024.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company repurchased and subsequently retired approximately $38.5 million (652,452 shares at a weighted average price per share of $58.95) of its Common Shares in the open market under its share repurchase program. Concurrent with these transactions, ERPOP repurchased and retired the same amount of OP Units previously issued to EQR. Prior to the share repurchase activity during the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company had the authority to repurchase up to 13.0 million Common Shares under its share repurchase program, of which 12,347,548 shares remain authorized to repurchase as of September 30, 2024.

4.

Real Estate

The following table summarizes the carrying amounts for the Company’s investment in real estate (at cost) as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Land$5,675,037$5,581,876
Depreciable property:
Buildings and improvements20,760,04719,809,432
Furniture, fixtures and equipment2,822,8162,609,600
In-Place lease intangibles565,180519,394
Projects under development:
Land40,0313,201
Construction-in-progress182,02474,835
Land held for development:
Land46,16082,026
Construction-in-progress18,95332,274
Investment in real estate30,110,24828,712,638
Accumulated depreciation(10,386,783)(9,810,337)
Investment in real estate, net$19,723,465$18,902,301

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company acquired the following from unaffiliated parties (purchase price and purchase price allocation in thousands):

Purchase Price Allocation (1)
PropertiesApartment UnitsPurchase PriceLandDepreciable PropertyLease Intangible (2)
Rental Properties – Consolidated154,578$1,317,845$154,777$1,152,251$12,727

(1)

Purchase price allocation includes capitalized closing costs.

(2)

One of the properties is subject to fully prepaid below market long-term ground and parking leases, recorded as a lease intangible asset included in right-of-use assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company disposed of the following to unaffiliated parties (sales price and net gain in thousands):

PropertiesApartment UnitsSales PriceNet Gain
Rental Properties – Consolidated6969$365,500$227,829

5.

Investments in Partially Owned Entities

The Company has invested in various entities with unrelated third parties which are either consolidated or accounted for under the equity method of accounting (unconsolidated).

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”)

In accordance with accounting standards for consolidation of VIEs, the Company consolidates ERPOP on EQR’s financial statements. As the sole general partner of ERPOP, EQR has exclusive control of ERPOP’s day-to-day management. The limited partners are not able to exercise substantive kick-out or participating rights. As a result, ERPOP qualifies as a VIE. EQR has a controlling financial interest in ERPOP and, thus, is ERPOP’s primary beneficiary. EQR has the power to direct the activities of ERPOP that most significantly impact ERPOP’s economic performance as well as the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from ERPOP that could potentially be significant to ERPOP.

The Company has various equity interests in certain joint ventures that have been deemed to be VIEs, and the Company is the VIEs’ primary beneficiary. As a result, the joint ventures are required to be consolidated on the Company’s financial statements. The following table summarizes the Company’s consolidated joint ventures as of September 30, 2024:

Operating Properties (1)Projects Under Development (2)
PropertiesApartment UnitsProjectsApartment Units (3)
Consolidated Joint Ventures (VIE)143,0601440

(1)

The land parcel under one of the properties is subject to a long-term ground lease.

(2)

Represents separate consolidated joint ventures for the purpose of developing multifamily rental properties.

(3)

Represents the intended number of apartment units to be developed.

The following table provides consolidated assets and liabilities related to the Company's VIEs as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Consolidated Assets$631,890$599,788
Consolidated Liabilities$47,373$41,153

Investments in Unconsolidated Entities

The Company has various equity interests in certain joint ventures that are unconsolidated and accounted for using the equity method of accounting. Most of these have been deemed to be VIEs and the Company is not the VIEs' primary beneficiary. The remaining have been deemed not to be VIEs and the Company does not have a controlling voting interest.

The following table and information summarizes the Company’s investments in unconsolidated entities as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands except for ownership percentage):

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023Ownership Percentage
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities:
Various Real Estate Holdings (VIE)$34,915$35,421Varies
Projects Under Development and Land Held for Development (VIE)297,480220,19262% - 95% (1)
Real Estate Technology Funds/Companies (VIE)27,66626,691Varies
Other(251)(255)Varies
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities$359,810$282,049

(1)

In certain instances, the joint venture agreements contain provisions for promoted interests in favor of our joint venture partner. If the terms of the promoted interest are attained, then our share of the proceeds from a sale or other capital event of the unconsolidated entity may be less than the indicated ownership percentage.

The following table summarizes the Company’s unconsolidated joint ventures that were deemed to be VIEs as of September 30, 2024:

Operating PropertiesReal Estate Holdings (1)Projects Under Development (2), (5)Projects Held for Development (2), (3)
PropertiesApartment UnitsEntitiesProjectsApartment Units (4)ProjectsApartment Units (4)
Unconsolidated Joint Ventures (VIE)1209372,4122526

(1)

Represents entities that hold various real estate investments.

(2)

Represents separate unconsolidated joint ventures for the purpose of developing multifamily rental properties.

(3)

Represents separate unconsolidated joint ventures that have not yet started.

(4)

Represents the intended number of apartment units to be developed.

(5)

The land parcel under one of the projects is subject to a long-term ground lease.

6.

Restricted Deposits

The following table presents the Company’s restricted deposits as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Mortgage escrow deposits:
Real estate taxes and insurance$456$307
Mortgage principal reserves/sinking funds33,12429,270
Mortgage escrow deposits33,58029,577
Restricted cash:
Earnest money on pending acquisitions—524
Restricted deposits on real estate investments2,2312,181
Resident security and utility deposits42,62440,149
Replacement reserves17,43915,571
Other2,0751,250
Restricted cash64,36959,675
Restricted deposits$97,949$89,252

7.

Leases

Lessor Accounting

The Company is the lessor for its residential and non-residential leases and these leases are accounted for as operating leases under the lease standard.

The following tables present the lease income types relating to lease payments for residential and non-residential leases along with the total other rental income for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (amounts in thousands):

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Income TypeResidential LeasesNon-Residential LeasesTotalResidential LeasesNon-Residential LeasesTotal
Residential and non-residential rent$1,978,847$48,658$2,027,505$1,926,869$46,642$1,973,511
Utility recoveries (RUBS income) (1)67,73175268,48364,00766264,669
Parking rent34,7381,02735,76532,95535433,309
Other lease revenue (2)(15,417)(1,070)(16,487)(19,172)330(18,842)
Total lease revenue$2,065,899$49,3672,115,266$2,004,659$47,9882,052,647
Parking revenue32,55330,033
Other revenue65,51063,784
Total other rental income (3)98,06393,817
Rental income$2,213,329$2,146,464
Quarter Ended September 30, 2024Quarter Ended September 30, 2023
Income TypeResidential LeasesNon-Residential LeasesTotalResidential LeasesNon-Residential LeasesTotal
Residential and non-residential rent$670,450$14,948$685,398$650,531$14,669$665,200
Utility recoveries (RUBS income) (1)22,27531722,59221,22124321,464
Parking rent11,70339412,09711,06212911,191
Other lease revenue (2)(4,685)(589)(5,274)(5,752)(404)(6,156)
Total lease revenue$699,743$15,070714,813$677,062$14,637691,699
Parking revenue10,8389,638
Other revenue22,69722,730
Total other rental income (3)33,53532,368
Rental income$748,348$724,067

(1)

RUBS income primarily consists of variable payments representing the recovery of utility costs from residents.

(2)

Other lease revenue consists of the revenue adjustment related to bad debt (see below for further discussion) and other miscellaneous lease revenue.

(3)

Other rental income is accounted for under the revenue recognition standard and primarily consists of third-party transient parking revenue and ancillary income such as cable and laundry revenue.

The following table presents residential accounts receivable and straight-line receivable balances for the Company’s properties as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

Balance Sheet (Other assets):September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Residential accounts receivable balances$16,281$21,477
Allowance for doubtful accounts(10,044)(15,846)
Net receivable balances$6,237$5,631
Straight-line receivable balances$9,141$9,183

The following table presents residential bad debt for the Company’s properties for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (amounts in thousands):

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
Income Statement (Rental income):2024202320242023
Bad debt, net (1)$25,045$28,862$7,906$9,042
% of residential rental income1.2%1.4%1.1%1.3%

(1)

Bad debt, net benefited from additional resident payments due to governmental rental assistance programs of approximately $1.2 million and $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, and $0.4 million and $0.5 million for the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Lessee Accounting

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company acquired below market long-term ground and parking leases, each fully prepaid at $1 and expiring in 2110, in connection with an apartment property acquisition as described in Note 4 and recorded a lease intangible asset of approximately $12.7 million, which is included in right-of-use assets on the consolidated balance sheets.

8.

Debt

EQR does not have any indebtedness as all debt is incurred by the Operating Partnership. Weighted average interest rates noted below for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 include the effect of any derivative instruments and amortization of premiums/discounts/OCI (other comprehensive income) on debt and derivatives.

Mortgage Notes Payable

The following table summarizes the Company’s mortgage notes payable activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (amounts in thousands):

Mortgage notes payable, net as of December 31, 2023ProceedsLump sum payoffsScheduled principal repaymentsAmortization of premiums/ discountsAmortization of deferred financing costs, net (1)Mortgage notes payable, net as of September 30, 2024
Fixed Rate Debt:
Secured – Conventional$1,398,598$—$—$—$1,193$681$1,400,472
Floating Rate Debt:
Secured – Tax Exempt234,304——(2,400)933105232,942
Total$1,632,902$—$—$(2,400)$2,126$786$1,633,414

(1)

Represents amortization of deferred financing costs, net of debt financing costs.

The following table summarizes certain interest rate and maturity date information as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

September 30, 2024
Interest Rate Ranges (ending)0.10% - 5.25%
Weighted Average Interest Rate3.85%
Maturity Date Ranges2029-2061

As of September 30, 2024, the Company had $244.3 million of secured tax-exempt bonds subject to third-party credit enhancement.

Notes

The following table summarizes the Company’s notes activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 (amounts in thousands):

Notes, net as of December 31, 2023ProceedsLump sum payoffsAmortization of premiums/ discountsAmortization of deferred financing costs, net (1)Notes, net as of September 30, 2024
Fixed Rate Debt:
Unsecured – Public$5,348,417$597,954(2)$—$1,697$(2,398)$5,945,670

(1)

Represents amortization of deferred financing costs, net of debt financing costs.

(2)

Issued $600.0 million of ten-year 4.65% unsecured notes, receiving net proceeds before underwriting fees, hedge termination costs and other expenses.

The following table summarizes certain interest rate and maturity date information as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

September 30, 2024
Interest Rate Ranges (ending)1.85% - 7.57%
Weighted Average Interest Rate3.52%
Maturity Date Ranges2025-2047

The Company’s unsecured public notes contain certain financial and operating covenants including, among other things, maintenance of certain financial ratios. The Company was in compliance with its unsecured public debt covenants for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

Line of Credit and Commercial Paper

The Company has a $2.5 billion unsecured revolving credit facility maturing on October 26, 2027. The Company has the ability to increase available borrowings by an additional $750.0 million by adding lenders to the facility, obtaining the agreement of existing lenders to increase their commitments or incurring one or more term loans. The interest rate on advances under the facility will generally be the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") plus a spread (currently 0.715%), or based on bids received from the lending group, and the Company pays an annual facility fee (currently 0.125%). Both the spread and the facility fee are dependent on the Company’s senior unsecured credit rating and other terms and conditions per the agreement. The weighted average interest rate on the revolving credit facility was 6.14% for the nine months ended September 30, 2024.

The Company has an unsecured commercial paper note program under which it may borrow up to a maximum of $1.0 billion subject to market conditions. The notes will be sold under customary terms in the United States commercial paper note market and will rank pari passu with all of the Company’s other unsecured senior indebtedness.

The following table summarizes certain weighted average interest rate, maturity and amount outstanding information for the commercial paper program as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2024:

September 30, 2024
Weighted Average Interest Rate (1)5.51%
Weighted Average Maturity (in days)22
Weighted Average Amount Outstanding$420.5 million

(1)

The notes bear interest at various floating rates.

The Company limits its utilization of the revolving credit facility in order to maintain liquidity to support its $1.0 billion commercial paper program along with certain other obligations. The following table presents the availability on the Company’s unsecured revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2024 (amounts in thousands):

September 30, 2024
Unsecured revolving credit facility commitment$2,500,000
Commercial paper balance outstanding(789,000)
Unsecured revolving credit facility balance outstanding—
Other restricted amounts(3,438)
Unsecured revolving credit facility availability$1,707,562

Other

The following table summarizes the Company's total debt extinguishment costs recorded as additional expense for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 (amounts in thousands):

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Write-offs of unamortized deferred financing costs$—$1,143$—$1,096

9.

Fair Value Measurements

The valuation of financial instruments requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that affect the fair value of the instruments. The Company, where possible, bases the fair values of its financial instruments on listed market prices and third-party quotes. Where these are not available, the Company bases its estimates on current instruments with similar terms and maturities or on other factors relevant to the financial instruments.

In the normal course of business, the Company is exposed to the effect of interest rate changes. The Company may seek to manage these risks by following established risk management policies and procedures including the use of derivatives to hedge interest rate risk on debt instruments. The Company may also use derivatives to manage commodity prices in the daily operations of the business.

A three-level valuation hierarchy exists for disclosure of fair value measurements. The valuation hierarchy is based upon the transparency of inputs to the valuation of an asset or liability as of the measurement date. A financial instrument’s categorization within the valuation hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The three levels are defined as follows:

Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.

Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instrument.

Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable and significant to the fair value measurement.

The following table summarizes the inputs to the valuations for each type of fair value measurement:

Fair Value Measurement TypeValuation Inputs
Employee holdings (other than Common Shares) within the supplemental executive retirement plan (the “SERP”)Quoted market prices for identical assets. These holdings are included in other assets and other liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets.
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership/Redeemable Limited PartnersQuoted market price of Common Shares.
Mortgage notes payable and private unsecured debt (including its commercial paper and line of credit, if applicable)Indicative rates provided by lenders of similar loans.
Public unsecured notesQuoted market prices for each underlying issuance.
DerivativesReadily observable market parameters such as forward yield curves and credit default swap data.

The fair values of the Company’s financial instruments (other than the items listed above and the investments disclosed below) approximate their carrying or contract value. The following table provides a summary of the carrying and fair values for the Company’s mortgage notes payable and unsecured debt (including its commercial paper and line of credit, if applicable) at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively (amounts in thousands):

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying ValueEstimated Fair Value (Level 2)Carrying ValueEstimated Fair Value (Level 2)
Mortgage notes payable, net$1,633,414$1,556,724$1,632,902$1,509,706
Unsecured debt, net6,732,2316,450,6505,757,5485,346,488
Total debt, net$8,365,645$8,007,374$7,390,450$6,856,194

The following tables provide a summary of the fair value measurements for each major category of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and the location within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets at September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively (amounts in thousands):

Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
DescriptionBalance Sheet Location9/30/2024Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets
Supplemental Executive Retirement PlanOther Assets$109,840$109,840$—$—
Liabilities
Supplemental Executive Retirement PlanOther Liabilities$109,840$109,840$—$—
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests –
Operating Partnership/Redeemable
Limited PartnersMezzanine$351,803$—$351,803$—
Fair Value Measurements at Reporting Date Using
DescriptionBalance Sheet Location12/31/2023Quoted Prices in Active Markets for Identical Assets/Liabilities (Level 1)Significant Other Observable Inputs (Level 2)Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)
Assets
Supplemental Executive Retirement PlanOther Assets$108,478$108,478$—$—
Liabilities
Supplemental Executive Retirement PlanOther Liabilities$108,478$108,478$—$—
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests –
Operating Partnership/Redeemable
Limited PartnersMezzanine$289,248$—$289,248$—

The following tables provide a summary of the effect of cash flow hedges on the Company’s accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively (amounts in thousands):

September 30, 2024 Type of Cash Flow HedgeAmount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in OCI on DerivativeLocation of Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into IncomeAmount of Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest Rate Contracts:
Forward Starting Swaps$(3,989)Interest expense$(1,819)
Total$(3,989)$(1,819)
September 30, 2023 Type of Cash Flow HedgeAmount of Gain/(Loss) Recognized in OCI on DerivativeLocation of Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into IncomeAmount of Gain/(Loss) Reclassified from Accumulated OCI into Income
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
Interest Rate Contracts:
Forward Starting Swaps$4,514Interest expense$(3,132)
Total$4,514$(3,132)

As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were approximately $3.5 million and $5.7 million in deferred gains, net, included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), respectively, related to previously settled and/or unsettled derivative instruments, of which an estimated $1.7 million may be recognized as additional interest expense during the twelve months ending September 30, 2025.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company paid approximately $4.0 million to settle four forward starting swaps in conjunction with the issuance of $600.0 million of ten-year unsecured public notes. The entire $4.0 million was initially deferred as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and will be recognized as an increase to interest expense over the ten-year term of the notes.

Other

The Company has invested in various equity securities without readily determinable fair values and has elected to measure them using the measurement alternative in accordance with the applicable accounting standards for equity securities. These investments are carried at cost less any impairment and adjusted to fair value if there are observable price changes for an identical or similar investment of the same issuer.

The following table summarizes the Company’s real estate technology investment securities included in other assets as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (amounts in thousands):

September 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Real Estate Technology Investments$30,419$19,312

During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company sold a portion of one of these investment securities for proceeds of approximately $7.5 million and realized a loss on sale of approximately $1.3 million, which is included in interest and other income in the consolidated statements of operations. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the Company adjusted certain of these investment securities to observable market prices and recorded a net unrealized gain of approximately $19.9 million, which is included in interest and other income in the consolidated statements of operations.

10.

Earnings Per Share and Earnings Per Unit

Equity Residential

The following tables set forth the computation of net income per share – basic and net income per share – diluted for the Company (amounts in thousands except per share amounts):

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Numerator for net income per share – basic:
Net income$637,104$546,219$148,517$181,286
Allocation to Noncontrolling Interests – Operating Partnership(17,290)(17,174)(4,012)(5,561)
Net (income) loss attributable to Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties(3,098)(5,299)(1,059)(3,217)
Preferred distributions(1,258)(2,318)(356)(773)
Premium on redemption of Preferred Shares(1,444)———
Numerator for net income per share – basic$614,014$521,428$143,090$171,735
Numerator for net income per share – diluted:
Net income$637,104$546,219$148,517$181,286
Net (income) loss attributable to Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties(3,098)(5,299)(1,059)(3,217)
Preferred distributions(1,258)(2,318)(356)(773)
Premium on redemption of Preferred Shares(1,444)———
Numerator for net income per share – diluted$631,304$538,602$147,102$177,296
Denominator for net income per share – basic and diluted:
Denominator for net income per share – basic378,718378,614378,756378,853
Effect of dilutive securities:
OP Units10,66111,37710,62311,234
Long-term compensation shares/units1,3091,1441,6471,264
Denominator for net income per share – diluted390,688391,135391,026391,351
Net income per share – basic$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45
Net income per share – diluted$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45

ERP Operating Limited Partnership

The following tables set forth the computation of net income per Unit – basic and net income per Unit – diluted for the Operating Partnership (amounts in thousands except per Unit amounts):

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Numerator for net income per Unit – basic and diluted:
Net income$637,104$546,219$148,517$181,286
Net (income) loss attributable to Noncontrolling Interests – Partially Owned Properties(3,098)(5,299)(1,059)(3,217)
Allocation to Preference Units(1,258)(2,318)(356)(773)
Allocation to premium on redemption of Preference Units(1,444)———
Numerator for net income per Unit – basic and diluted$631,304$538,602$147,102$177,296
Denominator for net income per Unit – basic and diluted:
Denominator for net income per Unit – basic389,379389,991389,379390,087
Effect of dilutive securities:
Dilution for Units issuable upon assumed exercise/vesting of the Company’s long-term compensation shares/units1,3091,1441,6471,264
Denominator for net income per Unit – diluted390,688391,135391,026391,351
Net income per Unit – basic$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45
Net income per Unit – diluted$1.62$1.38$0.38$0.45

11.

Commitments and Contingencies

Commitments

Real Estate Development Commitments

As of September 30, 2024, the Company has both consolidated and unconsolidated real estate projects under development. The following table summarizes the gross remaining total project costs for the Company’s projects under development at September 30, 2024 (total project costs remaining in thousands):

ProjectsApartment UnitsTotal Project Costs Remaining (1)
Projects Under Development
Consolidated2665$162,738
Unconsolidated72,412269,964
Total Projects Under Development93,077$432,702

(1)

The Company’s share of the $432.7 million in total project costs remaining approximates $231.3 million, with the balance funded by the Company’s joint venture partners (approximately $8.5 million) and/or applicable construction loans (approximately $192.9 million).

We have entered into, and may continue in the future to enter into, joint venture agreements with third-party partners for the development of multifamily rental properties. The joint venture agreements with each development partner include buy-sell provisions that provide the right, but not the obligation, for the Company to acquire each respective partner’s interests or sell its interests at any time following the occurrence of certain pre-defined events described in the joint venture agreements. See Note 5 for additional discussion.

Other Commitments

We have entered into, and may continue in the future to enter into, real estate technology and other real estate fund investments. As of September 30, 2024, the Company has invested in ten separate such investments totaling $41.6 million with aggregate remaining commitments of approximately $16.4 million.

Contingencies

Litigation and Legal Matters

The Company, as an owner of real estate, is subject to various federal, state and local laws. Compliance by the Company with existing laws has not had a material adverse effect on the Company. However, the Company cannot predict the impact of new or changed laws or regulations on its current properties or on properties that it may acquire in the future.

The Company is involved in various pending and threatened legal proceedings which arise in the ordinary course of business. The Company evaluates these litigation matters on an ongoing basis, but in no event less than quarterly, in assessing the adequacy of its accruals and disclosures. For legal proceedings in which it has been determined that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable, the Company records new accruals and/or adjusts existing accruals that represent its best estimate of the loss incurred based on the facts and circumstances known at that time. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company’s litigation accruals approximated $42.4 million and $17.1 million, respectively, and are included in other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. Actual losses may differ materially from the amounts noted above and the ultimate outcome of these legal proceedings is generally not yet determinable. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company does not believe there is any litigation pending or threatened against it that, either individually or in the aggregate and inclusive of the matters accrued for as noted above, may reasonably be expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company and its financial condition.

The Company has been named as a defendant in a number of cases filed in late 2022 and 2023 alleging antitrust violations by RealPage, Inc., a seller of revenue management software products, and various owners and/or operators of multifamily housing, including us, that have utilized these products. The complaints allege collusion among the defendants to illegally fix and inflate the pricing of multifamily rents and seek monetary damages, injunctive relief, fees and costs. All of the cases except for one have been consolidated into a single putative class action in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Tennessee. On December 28, 2023, motions to dismiss this consolidated action, filed by RealPage, Inc. as well as us and our multifamily co-defendants, were denied by the Court and the case is proceeding. Another case with similar allegations has been filed by the District of Columbia against RealPage, Inc. and a number of multifamily owners and/or operators, including us. We believe these various lawsuits are without merit and we intend to vigorously defend against them. As these proceedings are in the early stages, it is not possible for the Company to predict the outcome nor is it possible to estimate the amount of loss, if any, which may be associated with an adverse decision in any of

these cases.

The Company is named as a defendant in a class action in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California filed in 2016 which alleges that the amount of late fees charged by the Company were improperly determined under California law. The plaintiffs are seeking monetary damages and other relief. On April 8, 2024, the Court issued certain findings of facts and conclusions of law that are adverse to the Company’s legal position. At this time, the Company is continuing to defend the action. While the resolution of this matter cannot be predicted with certainty, the Company does not believe that the eventual outcome will have a material adverse effect on the Company and its financial condition.

12.

Reportable Segments

Operating segments are defined as components of an enterprise that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenues and incur expenses and about which discrete financial information is available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating decision maker. The chief operating decision maker decides how resources are allocated and assesses performance on a recurring basis at least quarterly.

The Company’s primary business is the acquisition, development and management of multifamily residential properties, which includes the generation of rental and other related income through the leasing of apartment units to residents. The chief operating decision maker evaluates the Company’s operating performance geographically by market for same store properties and on a portfolio basis for non-same store properties. While the Company does maintain a non-residential presence, it accounts for less than 4.0% of total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and is designed as an amenity for our residential residents. The chief operating decision maker evaluates the performance of each property on a consolidated residential and non-residential basis. The Company’s geographic consolidated same store operating segments represent its reportable segments.

The Company’s development activities are other business activities that do not constitute an operating segment and as such, have been aggregated in the “Other” category in the tables presented below.

All revenues are from external customers and there is no customer who contributed 10% or more of the Company’s total revenues during the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

The primary financial measure for the Company’s rental real estate segment is net operating income (“NOI”), which represents rental income less: 1) property and maintenance expense and 2) real estate taxes and insurance expense (all as reflected in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive income). The Company believes that NOI is helpful to investors as a supplemental measure of its operating performance because it is a direct measure of the actual operating results of the Company’s apartment properties. Revenues for all leases are reflected on a straight-line basis in accordance with GAAP for the current and comparable periods.

The following table presents a reconciliation of net income per the consolidated statements of operations to NOI for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively (amounts in thousands):

Nine Months Ended September 30,Quarter Ended September 30,
2024202320242023
Net income$637,104$546,219$148,517$181,286
Adjustments:
Property management100,38190,31431,41228,169
General and administrative48,90249,13514,55114,094
Depreciation688,041661,921237,948224,736
Net (gain) loss on sales of real estate properties(227,829)(127,034)165(26,912)
Interest and other income(26,501)(11,296)(15,844)(7,627)
Other expenses59,09420,51713,9714,958
Interest:
Expense incurred, net205,762200,88272,72268,891
Amortization of deferred financing costs5,7847,0231,9483,027
Income and other tax expense (benefit)925892290258
(Income) loss from investments in unconsolidated entities4,8653,8471,4931,242
Total NOI$1,496,528$1,442,420$507,173$492,122

The following tables present NOI from our rental real estate for each segment for the nine months and quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, as well as total assets and capital expenditures at September 30, 2024 (amounts in thousands):

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Rental IncomeOperating ExpensesNOIRental IncomeOperating ExpensesNOI
Same store (1)
Los Angeles$359,597$111,273$248,324$348,595$108,917$239,678
Orange County93,76021,11372,64790,08020,18869,892
San Diego77,78417,73160,05374,18317,37156,812
Subtotal - Southern California531,141150,117381,024512,858146,476366,382
Washington, D.C.347,229110,104237,125331,425107,050224,375
San Francisco325,99999,012226,987321,31098,504222,806
New York369,642151,331218,311356,157145,192210,965
Boston244,47469,882174,592234,29169,072165,219
Seattle223,65665,197158,459218,57462,055156,519
Denver53,52216,19037,33253,32416,16137,163
Other Expansion Markets55,61222,50933,10355,76824,12331,645
Total same store2,151,275684,3421,466,9332,083,707668,6331,415,074
Non-same store/other
Non-same store (2)54,87422,23032,64422,40610,89311,513
Other (3)7,18010,229(3,049)40,35124,51815,833
Total non-same store/other62,05432,45929,59562,75735,41127,346
Totals$2,213,329$716,801$1,496,528$2,146,464$704,044$1,442,420

(1)

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, same store primarily includes all properties acquired or completed that were stabilized prior to January 1, 2023, less properties subsequently sold, which represented 76,916 apartment units.

(2)

For the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, non-same store primarily includes properties acquired after January 1, 2023, plus any properties in lease-up and not stabilized as of January 1, 2023, and any properties undergoing major renovations.

(3)

Other includes development, other corporate operations and operations prior to disposition for properties sold.

Quarter Ended September 30, 2024Quarter Ended September 30, 2023
Rental IncomeOperating ExpensesNOIRental IncomeOperating ExpensesNOI
Same store (1)
Los Angeles$120,211$37,670$82,541$118,812$36,343$82,469
Orange County31,4887,24824,24030,6636,79223,871
San Diego25,9696,07119,89825,2585,82019,438
Subtotal - Southern California177,66850,989126,679174,73348,955125,778
Washington, D.C.117,30638,35178,955112,68135,61677,065
San Francisco108,95733,31375,644107,80832,76975,039
New York123,50650,01173,495118,32748,05570,272
Boston81,94123,15658,78578,56222,87555,687
Seattle75,03221,90753,12572,77820,88351,895
Denver19,6496,06213,58719,8025,93713,865
Other Expansion Markets18,2496,30911,94018,6797,95710,722
Total same store722,308230,098492,210703,370223,047480,323
Non-same store/other
Non-same store (2)25,3919,37116,0208,0594,0993,960
Other (3)6491,706(1,057)12,6384,7997,839
Total non-same store/other26,04011,07714,96320,6978,89811,799
Totals$748,348$241,175$507,173$724,067$231,945$492,122

(1)

For the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, same store primarily includes all properties acquired or completed that were stabilized prior to July 1, 2023, less properties subsequently sold, which represented 77,203 apartment units.

(2)

For the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, non-same store primarily includes properties acquired after July 1, 2023, plus any properties in lease-up and not stabilized as of July 1, 2023, and any properties undergoing major renovations.

(3)

Other includes development, other corporate operations and operations prior to disposition for properties sold.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
Total AssetsCapital Expenditures
Same store (1)
Los Angeles$2,441,079$39,778
Orange County334,05712,059
San Diego335,47112,061
Subtotal - Southern California3,110,60763,898
Washington, D.C.2,980,05535,160
San Francisco2,996,79942,555
New York3,241,25019,683
Boston2,028,74721,954
Seattle2,023,13922,405
Denver799,9283,036
Other Expansion Markets872,5015,154
Total same store18,053,026213,845
Non-same store/other
Non-same store (2)1,998,65115,724
Other (3)874,144538
Total non-same store/other2,872,79516,262
Totals$20,925,821$230,107

(1)

Same store primarily includes all properties acquired or completed that were stabilized prior to January 1, 2023, less properties subsequently sold, which represented 76,916 apartment units.

(2)

Non-same store primarily includes properties acquired after January 1, 2023, plus any properties in lease-up and not stabilized as of January 1, 2023, and any properties undergoing major renovations.

(3)

Other includes development, other corporate operations and capital expenditures for properties sold.

13.

Subsequent Events

Subsequent to September 30, 2024, the Company:

Acquired the following from unaffiliated parties (purchase price in thousands):

PropertiesApartment UnitsPurchase Price
Rental Properties – Consolidated1274$89,500

Next: Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations