filings.toolsItem 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data
Ventas, Inc.
Index to Consolidated Financial Statements and Financial Statement Schedules
| Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting | 75 | ||||
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (KPMG LLP, Chicago, IL, Auditor Firm ID: 185) | 76 | ||||
| Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting | 79 | ||||
| Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 | 80 | ||||
| Consolidated Statements of Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 | 81 | ||||
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 | 82 | ||||
| Consolidated Statements of Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 | 83 | ||||
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 | 84 | ||||
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 86 | ||||
| Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules | |||||
| Schedule III — Real Estate and Accumulated Depreciation | 127 | ||||
| Schedule IV — Mortgage Loans on Real Estate | 130 |
MANAGEMENT REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. This system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting is not intended to provide absolute assurance that a misstatement of our financial statements would be prevented or detected.
Management, with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management has concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective at the reasonable assurance level as of December 31, 2023.
The effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023 has been audited by KPMG LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included herein.
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors
Ventas, Inc.:
Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Ventas, Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and financial statement schedules III and IV (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated February 15, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
Basis for Opinion
These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of a critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Equitization of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan
As discussed in Notes 2, 6 and 11 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company took ownership of the properties securing the Santerre Mezzanine Loan by converting the outstanding principal amount of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan to equity with no additional consideration being paid. The fair value of the real estate properties totaled $1.566 billion. The fair value was allocated on a relative fair value basis to the tangible and intangible assets and liabilities acquired, primarily buildings and improvements, land, and in-place lease intangibles.
We identified the evaluation of the overall fair value of senior housing, outpatient medical properties, and triple-net leased properties, and the allocation of fair value to buildings and improvements, land, and in-place lease-related
intangibles as a critical audit matter. Specifically, a high degree of auditor judgment and specialized skills and knowledge was required to evaluate certain key assumptions used to determine the overall fair value of senior housing, outpatient medical properties, and triple-net leased properties, and the allocation of fair value to buildings and improvements, land, and in-place lease related intangibles.
-
For senior housing and outpatient medical properties, the key assumptions in the determination of overall fair value include comparable sales, direct capitalization rates, estimated net operating income, market rents, costs per unit, and estimates of future cash flows.
-
For triple-net leased properties, the key assumption in the determination of overall fair value was average estimated per bed value by property by state.
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For the allocation of fair value to buildings and improvements, land, and in-place lease related intangibles, the key assumptions include comparable sales, replacement costs, and market rents.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls over the Company’s overall fair value determination and allocation of fair value to buildings and improvements, land, and in-place lease intangibles, including controls over the key assumptions described above. We involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in performing the following procedures.
For a selection of senior housing and outpatient medical properties, we evaluated the overall fair value by:
- Comparing the Company’s comparable sales, direct capitalization rates, estimated net operating income, market rents, costs per unit, and estimated future cash flows to independently developed assumptions for direct capitalization rates, estimated net operating income, market rents, cost per unit, estimated future cash flows, and independently obtained publicly available transactions.
For a selection of triple-net leased properties, we evaluated the overall fair value by:
- Comparing the Company’s determination of estimated per bed value by property by state to independently obtained publicly available transactions.
For a selection of real estate properties, we evaluated the allocation of fair value to buildings and improvements, land, and in-place lease intangibles by:
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Comparing the Company’s determination of the estimated fair value of land to comparable sales prices from independently obtained publicly available transactions.
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Developing an independent expectation of the replacement cost and comparing that independent expectation to the Company’s determination of the allocation of value to buildings and improvements.
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Comparing market rents used in the valuation of in-place lease intangibles to ranges of market data from relevant industry guides and comparable leasing transactions.
Impairment of real estate investments in the senior housing operating portfolio
As discussed in Notes 1, 2, and 5 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company periodically evaluates its long-lived assets, primarily consisting of investments in real estate, for impairment indicators. If indicators of impairment are present, the Company evaluates the carrying value of the related real estate investments in relation to the future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying operations. In performing this evaluation, the Company considers market conditions and current intentions with respect to holding or disposing of the asset and adjusts the net book value of real estate properties to fair value if the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flows, including sales proceeds, is less than book value. During the year, impairment indicators arose for certain real estate properties and as a result, recoverability assessments were performed.
We identified the evaluation of real estate investments within the senior housing operating portfolio for impairment as a critical audit matter. Subjective auditor judgment was required in evaluating the Company’s determination of the future undiscounted cash flows. In particular, the undiscounted cash flows were sensitive to significant assumptions, including capitalization rates, projected operating cash flows, and stabilization period. Additionally, subjective auditor judgment and specialized skills and knowledge were needed to evaluate market data used by the Company.
The following are the primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter. We evaluated the design and tested the operating effectiveness of certain internal controls related to the impairment process. This included controls related to the Company’s impairment process and the significant assumptions described above. To
test certain of the Company’s undiscounted cash flow estimates, we evaluated the Company’s forecasts of projected operating cash flows by comparing actual results to the Company’s forecasts adjusted for current market trends. In addition, we involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in evaluating the Company’s significant assumptions by comparing the significant assumptions to publicly available market data.
/s/ KPMG LLP
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2014.
Chicago, Illinois
February 15, 2024
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Stockholders and Board of Directors Ventas, Inc.:
Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
We have audited Ventas, Inc. and subsidiaries' (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2023, and the related notes and financial statement schedules III and IV (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated February 15, 2024 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements.
Basis for Opinion
The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Chicago, Illinois
February 15, 2024
VENTAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Assets | |||||||||||
| Real estate investments: | |||||||||||
| Land and improvements | $ | 2,596,274 | $ | 2,437,905 | |||||||
| Buildings and improvements | 27,201,381 | 26,020,048 | |||||||||
| Construction in progress | 368,143 | 310,456 | |||||||||
| Acquired lease intangibles | 1,448,146 | 1,346,190 | |||||||||
| Operating lease assets | 312,142 | 310,307 | |||||||||
| 31,926,086 | 30,424,906 | ||||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (10,177,136) | (9,264,456) | |||||||||
| Net real estate property | 21,748,950 | 21,160,450 | |||||||||
| Secured loans receivable and investments, net | 27,986 | 537,075 | |||||||||
| Investments in unconsolidated real estate entities | 598,206 | 579,949 | |||||||||
| Net real estate investments | 22,375,142 | 22,277,474 | |||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | 508,794 | 122,564 | |||||||||
| Escrow deposits and restricted cash | 54,668 | 48,181 | |||||||||
| Goodwill | 1,045,176 | 1,044,415 | |||||||||
| Assets held for sale | 56,489 | 44,893 | |||||||||
| Deferred income tax assets, net | 1,754 | 10,490 | |||||||||
| Other assets | 683,410 | 609,823 | |||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 24,725,433 | $ | 24,157,840 | |||||||
| Liabilities and equity | |||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||
| Senior notes payable and other debt | $ | 13,490,896 | $ | 12,296,780 | |||||||
| Accrued interest | 117,403 | 110,542 | |||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | 194,734 | 190,440 | |||||||||
| Accounts payable and other liabilities | 1,041,616 | 1,031,689 | |||||||||
| Liabilities related to assets held for sale | 9,243 | 6,492 | |||||||||
| Deferred income tax liabilities | 24,500 | 35,570 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities | 14,878,392 | 13,671,513 | |||||||||
| Redeemable OP unitholder and noncontrolling interests | 302,636 | 264,650 | |||||||||
| Commitments and contingencies | |||||||||||
| Equity: | |||||||||||
| Ventas stockholders’ equity: | |||||||||||
| Preferred stock, $1.00 par value; 10,000 shares authorized, unissued | — | — | |||||||||
| Common stock, $0.25 par value; 600,000 shares authorized, 402,380 and 399,707 shares issued at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively | 100,648 | 99,912 | |||||||||
| Capital in excess of par value | 15,650,734 | 15,539,777 | |||||||||
| Accumulated other comprehensive loss | (35,757) | (36,800) | |||||||||
| Retained earnings (deficit) | (6,213,803) | (5,449,385) | |||||||||
| Treasury stock, 279 and 10 shares issued at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively | (13,764) | (536) | |||||||||
| Total Ventas stockholders’ equity | 9,488,058 | 10,152,968 | |||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | 56,347 | 68,709 | |||||||||
| Total equity | 9,544,405 | 10,221,677 | |||||||||
| Total liabilities and equity | $ | 24,725,433 | $ | 24,157,840 |
See accompanying notes.
VENTAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||
| Rental income: | |||||||||||||||||
| Triple-net leased | $ | 619,208 | $ | 598,154 | $ | 653,823 | |||||||||||
| Outpatient medical and research portfolio | 867,193 | 801,159 | 794,297 | ||||||||||||||
| 1,486,401 | 1,399,313 | 1,448,120 | |||||||||||||||
| Resident fees and services | 2,959,219 | 2,651,886 | 2,270,001 | ||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management revenues | 17,841 | 26,199 | 20,096 | ||||||||||||||
| Income from loans and investments | 22,952 | 48,160 | 74,981 | ||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | 11,414 | 3,635 | 14,809 | ||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 4,497,827 | 4,129,193 | 3,828,007 | ||||||||||||||
| Expenses | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest | 574,112 | 467,557 | 440,089 | ||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,392,461 | 1,197,798 | 1,197,403 | ||||||||||||||
| Property-level operating expenses: | |||||||||||||||||
| Senior housing | 2,247,812 | 2,004,420 | 1,811,728 | ||||||||||||||
| Outpatient medical and research portfolio | 292,776 | 257,003 | 257,001 | ||||||||||||||
| Triple-net leased | 14,557 | 15,301 | 15,335 | ||||||||||||||
| 2,555,145 | 2,276,724 | 2,084,064 | |||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management expenses | 6,101 | 6,194 | 4,433 | ||||||||||||||
| General, administrative and professional fees | 148,876 | 144,874 | 129,758 | ||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt, net | (6,104) | 581 | 59,299 | ||||||||||||||
| Transaction, transition and restructuring costs | 15,215 | 30,884 | 47,318 | ||||||||||||||
| Allowance on loans receivable and investments | (20,270) | 19,757 | (9,082) | ||||||||||||||
| Gain on foreclosure of real estate | (29,127) | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Shareholder relations matters | — | 20,693 | — | ||||||||||||||
| Other (income) expense | (23,001) | 58,268 | 37,110 | ||||||||||||||
| Total expenses | 4,613,408 | 4,223,330 | 3,990,392 | ||||||||||||||
| Loss before unconsolidated entities, real estate dispositions, income taxes and noncontrolling interests | (115,581) | (94,137) | (162,385) | ||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated entities | 13,626 | 28,500 | 4,983 | ||||||||||||||
| Gain on real estate dispositions | 62,119 | 7,780 | 218,788 | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit (expense) | 9,539 | 16,926 | (4,827) | ||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations | (30,297) | (40,931) | 56,559 | ||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | (30,297) | (40,931) | 56,559 | ||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 10,676 | 6,516 | 7,551 | ||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | $ | (40,973) | $ | (47,447) | $ | 49,008 | |||||||||||
| Earnings per common share | |||||||||||||||||
| Basic: | |||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (0.08) | $ | (0.10) | $ | 0.15 | |||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | (0.10) | (0.12) | 0.13 | ||||||||||||||
| Diluted:1 | |||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (0.08) | $ | (0.10) | $ | 0.15 | |||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | (0.10) | (0.12) | 0.13 |
1 Potential common shares are not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) when a loss from continuing operations exists as the effect would be an antidilutive per share amount.
See accompanying notes.
VENTAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Dollars in thousands)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | (30,297) | $ | (40,931) | $ | 56,559 | |||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss): | |||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation gain (loss) | 6,024 | (11,837) | (3,357) | ||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss on available for sale securities | (1,256) | (1,838) | (23,875) | ||||||||||||||
| Unrealized (loss) gain on derivative instruments | (2,766) | 39,377 | 19,934 | ||||||||||||||
| Total other comprehensive income (loss) | 2,002 | 25,702 | (7,298) | ||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income | (28,295) | (15,229) | 49,261 | ||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 11,635 | 4,497 | 10,418 | ||||||||||||||
| Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | $ | (39,930) | $ | (19,726) | $ | 38,843 |
See accompanying notes.
VENTAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
For the Years Ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
| Common Stock Par Value | Capital in Excess of Par Value | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss | Retained Earnings (Deficit) | Treasury Stock | Total Ventas Stockholders’ Equity | Non- controlling Interests | Total Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at January 1, 2021 | $ | 93,635 | $ | 14,171,262 | $ | (54,354) | $ | (4,030,376) | $ | — | $ | 10,180,167 | $ | 98,024 | $ | 10,278,191 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | — | — | — | 49,008 | — | 49,008 | 7,551 | 56,559 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive (loss) income | — | — | (10,166) | — | — | (10,166) | 2,868 | (7,298) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition-related activity | 3,332 | 747,916 | — | — | — | 751,248 | — | 751,248 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in noncontrolling interests | — | (58,925) | — | — | — | (58,925) | (17,068) | (75,993) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends to common stockholders—$1.80 per share | — | — | — | (698,521) | — | (698,521) | — | (698,521) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for stock plans, restricted stock grants and other | 2,871 | 649,941 | — | — | (76) | 652,736 | — | 652,736 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjust redeemable OP unitholder interests to current fair value | — | (11,178) | — | — | — | (11,178) | — | (11,178) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redemption of OP Units | — | (60) | — | — | 76 | 16 | — | 16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2021 | 99,838 | 15,498,956 | (64,520) | (4,679,889) | — | 10,854,385 | 91,375 | 10,945,760 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | (47,447) | — | (47,447) | 6,516 | (40,931) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | 27,720 | — | — | 27,720 | (2,018) | 25,702 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in noncontrolling interests | — | (9,235) | — | — | — | (9,235) | (27,164) | (36,399) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends to common stockholders—$1.80 per share | — | — | — | (722,049) | — | (722,049) | — | (722,049) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for stock plans, restricted stock grants and other | 74 | 38,370 | — | — | (536) | 37,908 | — | 37,908 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjust redeemable OP unitholder interests to current fair value | — | 11,480 | — | — | — | 11,480 | — | 11,480 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redemption of OP Units | — | 206 | — | — | — | 206 | — | 206 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2022 | 99,912 | 15,539,777 | (36,800) | (5,449,385) | (536) | 10,152,968 | 68,709 | 10,221,677 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | — | — | — | (40,973) | — | (40,973) | 10,676 | (30,297) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other comprehensive income (loss) | — | — | 1,043 | — | — | 1,043 | 959 | 2,002 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net change in noncontrolling interests | — | (12,495) | — | — | — | (12,495) | (23,997) | (36,492) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dividends to common stockholders— $1.80 per share | — | 40 | — | (723,445) | — | (723,405) | — | (723,405) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock for stock plans, restricted stock grants and other | 736 | 141,552 | — | — | (13,228) | 129,060 | — | 129,060 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Adjust redeemable OP unitholder interests to current fair value | — | (18,056) | — | — | — | (18,056) | — | (18,056) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Redemption of OP Units | — | (84) | — | — | — | (84) | — | (84) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance at December 31, 2023 | $ | 100,648 | $ | 15,650,734 | $ | (35,757) | $ | (6,213,803) | $ | (13,764) | $ | 9,488,058 | $ | 56,347 | $ | 9,544,405 |
See accompanying notes.
V****ENTAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Dollars in thousands)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | $ | (30,297) | $ | (40,931) | $ | 56,559 | |||||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 1,392,461 | 1,197,798 | 1,197,403 | ||||||||||||||
| Amortization of deferred revenue and lease intangibles, net | (59,604) | (63,543) | (88,795) | ||||||||||||||
| Other non-cash amortization | 22,416 | 12,957 | 17,709 | ||||||||||||||
| Allowance on loans receivable and investments | (20,270) | 19,757 | (9,082) | ||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 30,987 | 30,715 | 31,966 | ||||||||||||||
| Straight-lining of rental income | (7,597) | (11,094) | (14,468) | ||||||||||||||
| (Gain) loss on extinguishment of debt, net | (6,104) | 581 | 59,299 | ||||||||||||||
| Gain on real estate dispositions | (62,119) | (7,780) | (218,788) | ||||||||||||||
| Gain on real estate loan investments | — | — | (1,448) | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | (15,269) | (21,348) | (1,224) | ||||||||||||||
| Gain and other from unconsolidated entities | (13,626) | (28,500) | (4,973) | ||||||||||||||
| Gain on foreclosure of real estate | (29,127) | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 16,123 | 19,847 | 19,326 | ||||||||||||||
| Other | (44,503) | 52,489 | 26,404 | ||||||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Increase in other assets | (48,445) | (52,897) | (54,571) | ||||||||||||||
| Increase (decrease) in accrued interest | 1,252 | 4,915 | (5,922) | ||||||||||||||
| (Decrease) increase in accounts payable and other liabilities | (6,405) | 7,197 | 16,721 | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 1,119,873 | 1,120,163 | 1,026,116 | ||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Net investment in real estate property | (6,466) | (446,628) | (1,369,052) | ||||||||||||||
| Investment in loans receivable | (2,750) | (30,700) | (489) | ||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from real estate disposals | 399,534 | 112,926 | 840,438 | ||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from loans receivable | 44,630 | 890 | 348,091 | ||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from sale of interest in unconsolidated entities | 50,054 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash assumed in foreclosure of real estate | 11,615 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Development project expenditures | (383,590) | (231,939) | (247,694) | ||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | (259,415) | (222,130) | (185,275) | ||||||||||||||
| Distributions from unconsolidated entities | 74,670 | 28,311 | 17,847 | ||||||||||||||
| Investment in unconsolidated entities | (130,522) | (83,652) | (129,291) | ||||||||||||||
| Insurance proceeds for property damage claims | 17,576 | 13,704 | 1,285 | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (184,664) | (859,218) | (724,140) | ||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Net change in borrowings under revolving credit facilities | (12,410) | (27,179) | (125,399) | ||||||||||||||
| Net change in borrowings under commercial paper program | (402,354) | 122,414 | 279,929 | ||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from debt | 2,527,482 | 957,781 | 1,534,298 | ||||||||||||||
| Repayment of debt | (1,973,132) | (575,391) | (2,109,617) | ||||||||||||||
| Purchase of noncontrolling interests | (110) | (170) | (24,224) | ||||||||||||||
| Payment of deferred financing costs | (41,837) | (8,824) | (27,166) | ||||||||||||||
| Issuance of common stock, net | 108,455 | — | 617,438 | ||||||||||||||
| Cash distribution to common stockholders | (723,559) | (720,319) | (686,888) | ||||||||||||||
| Cash distribution to redeemable OP unitholders | (6,191) | (6,292) | (6,761) | ||||||||||||||
| Cash issued for redemption of OP Units | (1,132) | (1,487) | (96) | ||||||||||||||
| Contributions from noncontrolling interests | 20,241 | 5,371 | 1,731 | ||||||||||||||
| Distributions to noncontrolling interests | (32,029) | (32,325) | (13,577) | ||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from stock option exercises | 1,736 | 8,691 | 8,169 | ||||||||||||||
| Other | (8,909) | (6,198) | (6,303) | ||||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (543,749) | (283,928) | (558,466) | ||||||||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 391,460 | (22,983) | (256,490) | ||||||||||||||
| Effect of foreign currency translation | 1,257 | (2,869) | 1,447 | ||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of year | 170,745 | 196,597 | 451,640 | ||||||||||||||
| Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of year | $ | 563,462 | $ | 170,745 | $ | 196,597 |
V****ENTAS, INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest paid including payments and receipts for derivative instruments | $ | 548,108 | $ | 467,556 | $ | 402,025 | |||||||||||
| Supplemental schedule of non-cash activities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Assets acquired and liabilities assumed from acquisitions and other: | |||||||||||||||||
| Real estate investments | $ | — | $ | 16,540 | $ | 1,319,988 | |||||||||||
| Other assets | 7,873 | 875 | 16,913 | ||||||||||||||
| Debt | — | — | 482,482 | ||||||||||||||
| Other liabilities | 9,000 | 7,747 | 102,256 | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred income tax liability | 12,382 | 960 | 446 | ||||||||||||||
| Noncontrolling interests | — | 3,351 | 468 | ||||||||||||||
| Equity issued | — | — | 751,248 | ||||||||||||||
| Settlement of loan receivable | 486,082 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Real estate received in settlement of loan receivable | 1,566,395 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Assumption of debt related to real estate owned | 1,016,804 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Equity issued for redemption of OP Units | — | — | 76 | ||||||||||||||
| Investment in unconsolidated entities | — | 8,100 | — |
See accompanying notes.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1 – DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS
Ventas, Inc., (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, unless otherwise indicated or except where the context otherwise requires, “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company” and other similar terms) an S&P 500 company, is a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) focused on delivering strong, sustainable shareholder returns by enabling exceptional environments that benefit a large and growing aging population. We hold a portfolio that includes senior housing communities, outpatient medical buildings, research centers, hospitals and healthcare facilities located in North America and the United Kingdom. As of December 31, 2023, we owned or had investments in approximately 1,400 properties (including properties classified as held for sale). Our company is headquartered in Chicago, Illinois with additional corporate offices in Louisville, Kentucky and New York, New York.
We elected to be taxed as a REIT under Sections 856 through 860 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”), commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 1999. Provided we qualify for taxation as a REIT, we generally will not be required to pay U.S. federal corporate income taxes on our REIT taxable income that is currently distributed to our stockholders. In order to maintain our qualification as a REIT, we must satisfy a number of highly technical requirements, which impact how we invest in, operate or manage our assets.
We primarily invest in our portfolio of real estate assets through wholly-owned subsidiaries and other co-investment entities. We operate through three reportable business segments: senior housing operating portfolio, which we also refer to as “SHOP”, outpatient medical and research portfolio, which was formerly known as office operations, and triple-net leased properties. Non-segment assets consist primarily of corporate assets, including cash, restricted cash, loans receivable and investments and miscellaneous accounts receivable as well as investments in unconsolidated entities. In addition, from time to time, we make secured and unsecured loans and other investments relating to real estate or operators. Our chief operating decision maker evaluates performance of the combined properties in each operating segment and determines how to allocate resources to these segments, in significant part, based on NOI and related measures for each segment. See “Note 2 – Accounting Policies” and “Note 18 – Segment Information”. For a discussion of our definition of NOI and for a reconciliation of NOI to our net income attributable to common stockholders, as computed in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”
We also have investments in unconsolidated entities, including through our third-party institutional capital management business, Ventas Investment Management (“VIM”). Through VIM, we partner with third-party institutional investors to invest in real estate through various joint ventures and other co-investment vehicles where we are the sponsor or general partner, including our open-ended investment vehicle, the Ventas Life Science & Healthcare Real Estate Fund (the “Ventas Fund”).
The following table summarizes information for our reportable business segments and non-segment assets for the year ended December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| Segment | Total NOI (1) | Percentage of Total NOI | Number of Properties | |||||||||||||||||
| Senior housing operating portfolio (SHOP) | $ | 711,407 | 37 | % | 587 | |||||||||||||||
| Outpatient medical and research portfolio | 576,932 | 30 | % | 437 | ||||||||||||||||
| Triple-net leased properties | 604,651 | 31 | % | 331 | ||||||||||||||||
| Non-segment (2) | 32,177 | 2 | % | — | ||||||||||||||||
| $ | 1,925,167 | 100 | % | 1,355 |
(1) “NOI” is defined as total revenues, less interest and other income, property-level operating expenses and third party capital management expenses. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional disclosure and a reconciliation of net income attributable to common stockholders, as computed in accordance with GAAP, to NOI.
(2) NOI for non-segment includes management fees and promote revenues, net of expenses related to our third-party institutional capital management business, income from loans and investments and various corporate-level expenses not directly attributable to any of our three reportable business segments.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 2 – ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries and the joint venture entities over which we exercise control. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation, and our net earnings are reduced by the portion of net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interests.
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) require us to identify entities for which control is achieved through means other than voting rights and to determine which business enterprise is the primary beneficiary of variable interest entities (“VIEs”). A VIE is broadly defined as an entity with one or more of the following characteristics: (a) the total equity investment at risk is insufficient to finance the entity’s activities without additional subordinated financial support; (b) as a group, the holders of the equity investment at risk lack (i) the ability to make decisions about the entity’s activities through voting or similar rights, (ii) the obligation to absorb the expected losses of the entity, or (iii) the right to receive the expected residual returns of the entity; and (c) the equity investors have voting rights that are not proportional to their economic interests, and substantially all of the entity’s activities either involve, or are conducted on behalf of, an investor that has disproportionately few voting rights. We consolidate our investment in a VIE when we determine that we are its primary beneficiary. We may change our original assessment of a VIE upon subsequent events such as the modification of contractual arrangements that affects the characteristics or adequacy of the entity’s equity investments at risk and the disposition of all or a portion of an interest held by the primary beneficiary.
We identify the primary beneficiary of a VIE as the enterprise that has both: (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the VIE that could be significant to the entity. We perform this analysis on an ongoing basis.
As it relates to investments in joint ventures, GAAP may preclude consolidation by the sole general partner in certain circumstances based on the type of rights held by the limited partner or partners. We assess limited partners’ rights and their impact on our consolidation conclusions, and we reassess if there is a change to the terms or in the exercisability of the rights of the limited partners, the sole general partner increases or decreases its ownership of limited partnership (“LP”) interests or there is an increase or decrease in the number of outstanding LP interests. We also apply this guidance to managing member interests in limited liability companies (“LLCs”).
We consolidate several VIEs that share the following common characteristics:
-
the VIE is in the legal form of an LP or LLC;
-
the VIE was designed to own and manage its underlying real estate investments;
-
we are the general partner or managing member of the VIE;
-
we own a majority of the voting interests in the VIE;
-
a minority of voting interests in the VIE are owned by external third parties, unrelated to us;
-
the minority owners do not have substantive kick-out or participating rights in the VIE; and
-
we are the primary beneficiary of the VIE.
We have separately identified certain special purpose entities that were established to allow investments in research projects by tax credit investors (“TCIs”). We have determined that these special purpose entities are VIEs, we are a holder of variable interests and we are the primary beneficiary of the VIEs, and therefore, we consolidate these special purpose entities. Our primary beneficiary determination is based upon several factors, including but not limited to the rights we have in directing the activities which most significantly impact the VIEs’ economic performance as well as certain guarantees which protect the TCIs from losses should a tax credit recapture event occur.
Substantially all of the assets of the VIEs are real estate investments, and substantially all of the liabilities of the VIEs are mortgage loans. Assets of the consolidated VIEs can only be used to settle obligations of such VIEs. Liabilities of the consolidated VIEs represent claims against the specific assets of the VIEs. Unless otherwise required by the LP or LLC
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
agreement, any mortgage loans of the consolidated VIEs are non-recourse to us. The table below summarizes the total assets and liabilities of our consolidated VIEs as reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (dollars in thousands):
| December 31, 2023 | December 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Total Assets | Total Liabilities | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| NHP/PMB L.P. | $ | 759,817 | $ | 266,658 | $ | 741,890 | $ | 252,518 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Fonds Immobilier Groupe Maurice, S.E.C. | 1,971,410 | 1,204,619 | 1,957,075 | 1,170,928 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other identified VIEs | 1,597,957 | 354,828 | 1,699,949 | 333,185 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Tax credit VIEs | 29,746 | 4,024 | 128,240 | 16,767 |
Investments in Unconsolidated Entities
We report investments in unconsolidated entities over whose operating and financial policies we have the ability to exercise significant influence under the equity method of accounting. We adjust our investment in unconsolidated entities for additional contributions made, distributions received as well as our share of the investee’s earnings or losses, which is included in income from unconsolidated entities in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
We base the initial carrying value of investments in unconsolidated entities on the fair value of the assets at the time we acquired the joint venture interest. We estimate fair values for our equity method investments based on discounted cash flow models that include all estimated cash inflows and outflows over a specified holding period and, where applicable, any estimated debt premiums or discounts. The capitalization rates, discount rates and credit spreads we use in these models are based upon assumptions that we believe to be within a reasonable range of current market rates for the respective investments.
We generally amortize any difference between our cost basis and the basis reflected at the joint venture level, if any, over the lives of the related assets and liabilities and include that amortization in our share of income or loss from unconsolidated entities. For earnings of equity method investments with pro rata distribution allocations, net income or loss is allocated between the partners in the joint venture based on their respective stated ownership percentages. In other instances, net income or loss may be allocated between the partners in the joint venture based on the hypothetical liquidation at book value method (the “HLBV method”). Under the HLBV method, net income or loss is allocated between the partners based on the difference between each partner’s claim on the net assets of the joint venture at the end and beginning of the period, after taking into account contributions and distributions. Each partner’s share of the net assets of the joint venture is calculated as the amount that the partner would receive if the joint venture were to liquidate all of its assets at net book value and distribute the resulting cash to creditors and partners in accordance with their respective priorities. Under the HLBV method, in any given period, we could record more or less income than the joint venture has generated, than actual cash distributions we receive or than the amount we may receive in the event of an actual liquidation.
Redeemable OP Unitholder and Noncontrolling Interests
We own a majority interest in NHP/PMB L.P. (“NHP/PMB”), a limited partnership formed in 2008 to acquire properties from entities affiliated with Pacific Medical Buildings LLC (“PMB”). Given our wholly-owned subsidiary is the general partner and the primary beneficiary of NHP/PMB, we consolidate NHP/PMB as a VIE. As of December 31, 2023, third-party investors owned 3.8 million Class A limited partnership units in NHP/PMB (“OP Units”), which represented 34% of the total units then outstanding, and we owned 7.6 million Class B limited partnership units in NHP/PMB, representing the remaining 66%. The OP Units may be redeemed at any time at the election of the holder for cash or, at our option, 0.9051 shares of our common stock per OP Unit, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances. We are party by assumption to a registration rights agreement with the holders of the OP Units that requires us, subject to the terms and conditions and certain exceptions set forth therein, to file and maintain a registration statement relating to the issuance of shares of our common stock upon redemption of OP Units.
The OP Units are classified outside of permanent equity on our Consolidated Balance Sheets because they may be redeemed by third parties under circumstances that are outside of our control. We reflect the OP Units at the greater of cost or redemption value. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, the fair value of the OP Units was $173.5 million and $162.7 million, respectively. We recognize changes in fair value through capital in excess of par value, net of cash distributions paid and purchases by us of any OP Units. Our diluted earnings per share includes the effect of any potential shares outstanding from redemption of the OP Units.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Certain noncontrolling interests of other consolidated joint ventures were also classified as redeemable at December 31, 2023 and 2022. We record the carrying amount of these noncontrolling interests at the greater of their initial carrying amount (increased or decreased for the noncontrolling interests’ share of net income or loss and distributions) or the redemption value, which is primarily based on the fair value of the underlying real estate asset. Our joint venture partners have certain redemption rights with respect to their noncontrolling interests in these joint ventures that are outside of our control, and the redeemable noncontrolling interests are classified outside of permanent equity on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We recognize changes in the carrying value of redeemable noncontrolling interests through capital in excess of par value on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Noncontrolling Interests
Excluding the redeemable noncontrolling interests described above, we present the portion of any equity that we do not own in entities that we control (and thus consolidate) as noncontrolling interests and classify those interests as a component of consolidated equity, separate from total Ventas stockholders’ equity, on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. For consolidated joint ventures with pro rata distribution allocations, net income or loss, and comprehensive income, is allocated between the joint venture partners based on their respective stated ownership percentages. In other cases, net income or loss is allocated between the joint venture partners based on the HLBV method. We account for purchases or sales of equity interests that do not result in a change of control as equity transactions, through capital in excess of par value. We include net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests in net income in our Consolidated Statements of Income and we include the noncontrolling interests’ share of comprehensive income in our Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
Accounting for Historic and New Markets Tax Credits
For certain of our research centers, we are party to contractual arrangements with TCIs that were established to enable the TCIs to receive benefits of historic tax credits (“HTCs”), new markets tax credits (“NMTCs”) or both. As of December 31, 2023, we owned one property that had syndicated NMTCs to TCIs.
In general, TCIs invest cash into special purpose entities that invest in entities that own the subject property and generate the tax credits. The TCIs receive substantially all of the tax credits and hold only a nominal interest in the economic risk and benefits of the special purpose entities.
HTCs are delivered to the TCIs upon substantial completion of the project. NMTCs are allowed for up to 39% of a qualified investment and are delivered to the TCIs after the investment has been funded and spent on a qualified business. HTCs are subject to recapture within five years of substantial completion. The amount of the recapture is equal to 100% of the HTCs during the first year after the completion of the historic rehabilitation and is reduced by 20% each year during the subsequent five-year period. NMTCs are subject to recapture until the end of the seventh year following the qualifying investment. We have provided the TCIs with certain guarantees which protect the TCIs from losses should a tax credit recapture event occur. The contractual arrangements with the TCIs include a put/call provision whereby we may be obligated or entitled to repurchase the interest of the TCIs in the special purpose entities at the end of the tax credit recapture period. We anticipate that either the TCIs will exercise their put rights or we will exercise our call rights prior to the applicable tax credit recapture periods.
The portion of the TCI’s investment that is attributed to the put is recorded at fair value at inception in accounts payable and other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and is accreted to the expected put price as interest expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income over the recapture period. The remaining balance of the TCI’s investment is initially recorded in accounts payable and other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and will be relieved upon delivery of the tax credit to the TCI, as a reduction in the carrying value of the subject property, net of allocated expenses. Direct and incremental costs incurred in structuring the transaction are deferred and will be recognized as an increase in the cost basis of the subject property upon the recognition of the related tax credit as discussed above.
Accounting Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions regarding future events that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Accounting for Real Estate Acquisitions
When we acquire real estate, we first make reasonable judgments about whether the transaction involves an asset or a business. Our real estate acquisitions are generally accounted for as asset acquisitions as substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or group of similar identifiable assets. We record the cost of the assets acquired as tangible and intangible assets and liabilities based upon their relative fair values as of the acquisition date.
We estimate the fair value of buildings acquired on an as-if-vacant basis or replacement cost basis and depreciate the building value over the estimated remaining life of the building, generally not to exceed 35 years. We determine the fair value of other fixed assets, such as site improvements, and furniture, fixtures and equipment, based upon the replacement cost and depreciate such value over the assets’ estimated remaining useful lives as determined at the applicable acquisition date. We determine the value of land either by considering the sales prices of similar properties in recent transactions or based on internal analyses of recently acquired and existing comparable properties within our portfolio. We generally determine the value of construction in progress based upon the replacement cost. However, for certain acquired properties that are part of a ground-up development, we determine fair value by using the same valuation approach as for all other properties and deducting the estimated cost to complete the development. During the remaining construction period, we capitalize project costs until the development has reached substantial completion. Construction in progress, including capitalized interest, is not depreciated until the development has reached substantial completion.
Intangibles primarily include the value of in-place leases and acquired lease contracts. We include all lease-related intangible assets and liabilities within acquired lease intangibles and accounts payable and other liabilities, respectively, on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The fair value of acquired lease-related intangibles, if any, reflects: (i) the estimated value of any above or below market leases, determined by discounting the difference between the estimated market rent and in-place lease rent; and (ii) the estimated value of in-place leases related to the cost to obtain tenants, including leasing commissions, and an estimated value of the absorption period to reflect the value of the rent and recovery costs foregone during a reasonable lease-up period as if the acquired space was vacant. We amortize any acquired lease-related intangibles to revenue or amortization expense over the remaining life of the associated lease plus any assumed bargain renewal periods. If a lease is terminated prior to its stated expiration or not renewed upon expiration, we recognize all unamortized amounts of lease-related intangibles associated with that lease in operations over the shortened lease term.
We estimate the fair value of purchase option intangible assets and liabilities, if any, by discounting the difference between the applicable property’s acquisition date fair value and an estimate of its future option price. We do not amortize the resulting intangible asset or liability over the term of the lease, but rather adjust the recognized value of the asset or liability upon sale.
In connection with an acquisition, we may assume rights and obligations under certain lease agreements pursuant to which we become the lessee of a given property. We generally assume the lease classification previously determined by the prior lessee absent a modification in the assumed lease agreement. We assess assumed operating leases, including ground leases, to determine whether the lease terms are favorable or unfavorable to us given current market conditions on the acquisition date. To the extent the lease terms are favorable or unfavorable to us relative to market conditions on the acquisition date, we recognize an intangible asset or liability at fair value and amortize that asset or liability to interest or rental expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income over the applicable lease term. Where we are the lessee, we record the acquisition date values of leases, including any above or below market value, within operating lease assets and operating lease liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
We estimate the fair value of noncontrolling interests assumed consistent with the manner in which we value all of the underlying assets and liabilities.
We calculate the fair value of long-term assumed debt by discounting the remaining contractual cash flows on each instrument at the current market rate for those borrowings, which we approximate based on the rate at which we would expect to incur a replacement instrument on the date of acquisition, and recognize any fair value adjustments related to long-term debt as effective yield adjustments over the remaining term of the instrument.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Impairment of Long-Lived and Intangible Assets
We periodically evaluate our long-lived assets, primarily consisting of investments in real estate, for impairment indicators. If indicators of impairment are present, we evaluate the carrying value of the related real estate investments in relation to the future undiscounted cash flows of the underlying operations. In performing this evaluation, we consider market conditions and our current intentions with respect to holding or disposing of the asset. We adjust the net book value of properties and other long-lived assets to fair value if the sum of the expected future undiscounted cash flows, including sales proceeds, is less than book value. We recognize an impairment loss at the time we make any such determination.
If impairment indicators arise with respect to intangible assets with finite useful lives, we evaluate impairment by comparing the carrying amount of the asset to the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If estimated future undiscounted net cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset, then we estimate the fair value of the asset and compare the estimated fair value to the intangible asset’s carrying value. We recognize any shortfall from carrying value as an impairment loss in the current period.
We evaluate our investments in unconsolidated entities for impairment at least annually, and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of our investment may exceed its fair value. If we determine that a decline in the fair value of our investment in an unconsolidated entity is other-than-temporary, and if such reduced fair value is below the carrying value, we record an impairment.
We test goodwill for impairment at least annually, and more frequently if indicators of impairment arise. We first assess qualitative factors, such as current macroeconomic conditions, state of the equity and capital markets and our overall financial and operating performance, to determine the likelihood that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we proceed with estimating the fair value of the operating unit. A goodwill impairment, if any, will be recognized in the period it is determined and is measured as the amount by which an operating unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value.
Estimates of fair value used in our evaluation of goodwill (if necessary based on our qualitative assessment), investments in real estate, investments in unconsolidated entities and intangible assets are based upon discounted future cash flow projections or other acceptable valuation techniques that are based, in turn, upon all available evidence including level three inputs, such as revenue and expense growth rates, estimates of future cash flows, capitalization rates, discount rates, general economic conditions and trends, or other available market data such as replacement cost or comparable sales. Our ability to accurately predict future operating results and cash flows and to estimate and determine fair values impacts the timing and recognition of impairments. While we believe our assumptions are reasonable, changes in these assumptions may have a material impact on our financial results.
Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations
We sell properties from time to time for various reasons, including favorable market conditions or the exercise of purchase options by tenants. We classify certain long-lived assets as held for sale once the criteria, as defined by GAAP, have been met. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value minus cost to sell and are no longer depreciated.
If at any time we determine that the criteria for classifying assets as held for sale are no longer met, we reclassify assets within net real estate investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheets for all periods presented. The carrying amount of these assets is adjusted (in the period in which a change in classification is determined) to reflect any depreciation expense that would have been recognized had the asset been continuously classified as net real estate investments.
We report discontinued operations when the following criteria are met: (1) a component of an entity or group of components that has been disposed of or classified as held for sale and represents a strategic shift that has or will have a major effect on an entity’s operations and financial results; or (2) an acquired business is classified as held for sale on the acquisition date. The results of operations for assets meeting the definition of discontinued operations are reflected in our Consolidated Statements of Income as discontinued operations for all periods presented. We allocate estimated interest expense to discontinued operations based on property values and our weighted average interest rate or the property’s actual mortgage interest.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Loans Receivable
We record loans receivable, other than those acquired in connection with asset acquisition, on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (either in secured loans receivable and investments, net or other assets, in the case of non-mortgage loans receivable) at the unpaid principal balance, net of any deferred origination fees, purchase discounts or premiums and valuation allowances. We amortize net deferred origination fees, which are comprised of loan fees collected from the borrower net of certain direct costs, and purchase discounts or premiums over the contractual life of the loan using the effective interest method and immediately recognize in income any unamortized balances if the loan is repaid before its contractual maturity.
We evaluate a current estimate of all expected credit losses over the life of a financial instrument, which may result in recognition of credit losses on loans and other financial instruments before an actual event of default. We establish reserves for any estimated credit losses with a corresponding charge to allowance on loans receivable and investments in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Subsequent changes in our estimate of credit losses may result in a corresponding increase or decrease to allowance on loans receivable and investments in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Cash Equivalents
Cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with a maturity date of three months or less when purchased. These investments are stated at cost, which approximates fair value.
Escrow Deposits and Restricted Cash
Escrow deposits consist of amounts held by us or our lenders to provide for future real estate tax, insurance expenditures and tenant improvements related to our properties and operations. Restricted cash generally represents amounts paid to us for security deposits and other similar purposes.
Deferred Financing Costs
We amortize deferred financing costs, which are reported as a reduction to senior notes payable and other debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, as a component of interest expense over the terms of the related borrowings using a method that approximates a level yield. Amortized costs of approximately $23.2 million, $18.2 million and $19.7 million were included in interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
Available for Sale Securities
We classify available for sale securities as a component of other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets (other than our interests in government-sponsored pooled loan investments, which are classified as secured loans receivable and investments, net on our Consolidated Balance Sheets). We record these securities at fair value and include unrealized gains and losses recorded in stockholders’ equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. If we determine that a credit loss exists with respect to individual investments, we will recognize an allowance against the amortized cost basis of the investment with a corresponding charge to net income (in allowance on loans receivable and investments) in our Consolidated Statements of Income. We report interest income, including discount or premium amortization, on available for sale securities and gains or losses on securities sold, which are based on the specific identification method, in income from loans and investments in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Derivative Instruments
We recognize all derivative instruments in other assets or accounts payable and other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value as of the reporting date. We recognize changes in the fair value of derivative instruments in other expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income or accumulated other comprehensive income on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, depending on the intended use of the derivative and our designation of the instrument.
We do not use our derivative financial instruments, including interest rate caps, interest rate swaps and foreign currency forward contracts, for trading or speculative purposes. Our foreign currency forward contracts and certain of our interest rate swaps (including the interest rate swap contracts of consolidated and unconsolidated joint ventures) are designated as effectively hedging the variability of expected cash flows related to their underlying securities and, therefore, also are recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value, with changes in the fair value of these instruments recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We recognize any noncontrolling interests’
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proportionate share of the changes in fair value of swap contracts of our consolidated joint ventures in noncontrolling interests on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. We recognize our proportionate share of the change in fair value of swap contracts of our unconsolidated joint ventures in accumulated other comprehensive income on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Certain of our other interest rate swaps and rate caps were not designated as having a hedging relationship with the underlying securities and therefore do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting under GAAP. Accordingly, these derivative instruments are recorded on our Consolidated Balance Sheets at fair value, and changes in the fair value of these instruments are recognized in current earnings (in other expense) in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Fair Values of Financial Instruments
Fair value is a market-based measurement, not an entity-specific measurement, and we determine fair value based on the assumptions that we expect market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. As a basis for considering market participant assumptions in fair value measurements, GAAP establishes a fair value hierarchy that distinguishes between market participant assumptions based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity (observable inputs that are classified within levels one and two of the hierarchy) and the reporting entity’s own assumptions about market participant assumptions (unobservable inputs classified within level three of the hierarchy).
Level one inputs utilize unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that we have the ability to access. Level two inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included in level one that are directly or indirectly observable for the asset or liability. Level two inputs may include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets and other inputs for the asset or liability that are observable at commonly quoted intervals, such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates and yield curves. Level three inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, which typically are based on our own assumptions, because there is little, if any, related market activity. If the determination of the fair value measurement is based on inputs from different levels of the hierarchy, the level within which the entire fair value measurement falls is the lowest-level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. If the volume and level of market activity for an asset or liability has decreased significantly relative to the normal market activity for such asset or liability (or similar assets or liabilities), then transactions or quoted prices may not accurately reflect fair value. In addition, if there is evidence that a transaction for an asset or liability is not orderly, little, if any, weight is placed on that transaction price as an indicator of fair value. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.
We use the following methods and assumptions in estimating the fair value of our financial instruments whose fair value is determined on a recurring basis.
- Cash and cash equivalents - The carrying amount of unrestricted cash and cash equivalents reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets approximates fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
*•*Escrow deposits and restricted cash - The carrying amount of escrow deposits and restricted cash reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets approximates fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
-
Loans receivable - We estimate the fair value of loans receivable using level two and level three inputs, including underlying asset performance and credit quality. We discount future cash flows using current interest rates at which similar loans with the same terms and length to maturity would be made to borrowers with similar credit ratings.
-
Available for sale securities - We estimate the fair value of marketable debt securities using level two inputs. We observe quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets that we have the ability to access. We estimate the fair value of certain government-sponsored pooled loan investments using level three inputs. We consider credit spreads, underlying asset performance and credit quality, default rates and confirmed settlement amounts at maturity.
-
Derivative instruments - We estimate the fair value of derivative instruments, including interest rate caps, interest rate swaps, and foreign currency forward contracts, using level two inputs.
*◦*Interest rate caps - We observe forward yield curves and other relevant information.
*◦*Interest rate swaps - We observe alternative financing rates derived from market-based financing rates, forward yield curves and discount rates.
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*◦*Foreign currency forward contracts - We estimate the future values of the two currency tranches using forward exchange rates that are based on traded forward points and calculate a present value of the net amount using a discount factor based on observable traded interest rates.
- Stock warrants - We estimate the fair value of stock warrants using level two inputs that are obtained from public sources. Inputs include equity spot price, dividend yield, volatility and risk-free rate.
*•*Senior notes payable and other debt - We estimate the fair value of senior notes payable and other debt using level two inputs. We discount the future cash flows using current interest rates at which we could obtain similar borrowings. For mortgage debt, we may estimate fair value using level three inputs, similar to those used in determining fair value of loans receivable (above).
*•*Redeemable OP unitholder interests - We estimate the fair value of our redeemable OP unitholder interests using level one inputs. We base fair value on the closing price of our common stock, as OP Units may be redeemed at the election of the holder for cash or, at our option, shares of our common stock, subject to adjustment in certain circumstances.
Revenue Recognition
Triple-Net Leased Properties and Outpatient Medical and Research Portfolio
Certain of our triple-net leases and most of our outpatient medical buildings and research centers’ (collectively, “outpatient medical and research portfolio”) leases provide for periodic and determinable increases in base rent. We recognize base rental revenues under these leases on a straight-line basis over the applicable lease term when collectability of substantially all rents is probable. Recognizing rental income on a straight-line basis generally results in recognized revenues during the first half of a lease term exceeding the cash amounts contractually due from our tenants, creating a straight-line rent receivable that is included in other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. At December 31, 2023 and 2022, this cumulative excess totaled $194.1 million and $187.5 million, respectively (excluding properties classified as held for sale).
Certain of our leases provide for periodic increases in base rent only if certain revenue parameters or other substantive contingencies are met. We recognize the increased rental revenue under these leases as the related parameters or contingencies are met, rather than on a straight-line basis over the applicable lease term.
We assess the probability of collecting substantially all rents under our leases based on several factors, including, among other things, payment history, the financial strength of the tenant and any guarantors, the historical operations and operating trends of the property, the historical payment pattern of the tenant, the type of property, the value of the underlying collateral, if any, expected future performance of the property and current economic conditions. If our evaluation of these factors indicates it is not probable that we will be able to collect substantially all rents under the lease, we record a charge to rental income. If we change our conclusions regarding the probability of collecting rent payments required by a lease, we may recognize adjustments to rental income in the period we make such change in our conclusions.
SHOP
Our resident agreements are accounted for as leases and we recognize resident fees and services, other than move-in fees and certain rent incentives, monthly as services are provided. We recognize move-in fees and certain rent incentives on a straight-line basis over the average resident stay.
Other
We provide various services to our unconsolidated real estate entities in exchange for fees and reimbursements, which are determined in accordance with the terms specific to each arrangement. We recognize these fees as we provide the services.
We may also earn promote revenue within the VIM platform related to the Ventas Fund, a perpetual life investment vehicle focused on investments in research centers, outpatient medical buildings and senior housing communities in North America. Within the Ventas Fund, promote revenue is generally based on the Ventas Fund’s cumulative returns over three-year performance periods. The promote revenue is based on operating performance and real estate valuation of the portfolio, including highly variable inputs such as capitalization rates, market rents, and interest rates. As the asset appreciation is an
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important driver of the promote and the key inputs in the valuation process can change, we generally recognize promote revenues at or near the end of the performance period. We include these revenues as a component of third party capital management revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
We may also earn promote revenues within the VIM platform related to our other investment vehicles. Within these other investment vehicles, promote revenues are generally earned after our partners have received distributions sufficient to provide a specified rate of return on their invested capital.
We recognize interest income from loans and investments, including discounts and premiums, using the effective interest method when collectability is reasonably assured. We apply the effective interest method on a loan-by-loan basis and recognize discounts and premiums as yield adjustments over the related loan term. We recognize interest income on loans with an allowance on a cash basis.
Accounting for Leased Property
We lease real property, primarily land and corporate office space, and equipment, primarily vehicles at our senior housing communities. At lease inception, we establish an operating lease asset and operating lease liability, calculated as the present value of future minimum lease payments on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use a discount rate that approximates our incremental borrowing rate available at lease commencement to determine the present value. Our lease expense primarily consists of ground and corporate office leases. Ground lease expense is included in interest expense and corporate office lease expense is included in general, administrative and professional fees in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Accounting for Foreclosed Properties
The Company may receive properties pursuant to a foreclosure, deed in lieu of foreclosure or other legal action in full or partial settlement of loans receivable by taking legal title or physical possession of the properties. We refer to such actions as a “foreclosure” and to such properties as “foreclosed properties.” We account for foreclosed properties received in settlement of loans receivable in accordance with ASC 310, Receivables. Foreclosed real estate received in full or partial satisfaction of a loan and any debt assumed upon foreclosure is recorded at fair value at the time of foreclosure. If the amortized cost basis in the loan exceeds the fair value of the collateral received, the difference is recorded as an allowance on loans receivable and investments in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Conversely, if the fair value of the collateral received is higher than the amortized cost basis in the loan, the difference, less the fair value of any debt assumed, less the principal amount of the loan receivable (after the reversal of previously recorded allowances), and net of working capital assumed and transaction costs, is recorded as a gain on foreclosure of real estate in the Consolidated Statements of Income.
Exchangeable Senior Notes
We account for our exchangeable senior notes in accordance with ASC 470-20, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (after the adoption of Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2020-06, Debt - Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging - Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity (“ASU 2020-06”)). We evaluate the exchange features embedded in our exchangeable senior notes in accordance with ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging. ASC 815 requires embedded derivatives to be separated from their host non-derivative contracts and accounted for as free-standing derivative financial instruments if, and only if, each of the following three criteria is met: (a) the economic characteristics and risks of the embedded derivative instrument are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics and risks of the host contract, (b) the hybrid instrument that embodies both the embedded derivative instrument and the host contract is not re-measured at fair value under otherwise applicable GAAP with changes in fair value reported in earnings as they occur and (c) a separate instrument with the same terms as the embedded derivative instrument would be considered a derivative instrument. Certain contracts that involve an entity’s own equity are explicitly exempted from the requirements of ASC 815.
Stock-Based Compensation
We recognize share-based payments to employees and directors, including grants of restricted stock and restricted stock units (including time-based and performance-based awards), included in general, administrative and professional fees in our Consolidated Statements of Income generally on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period based on the grant date fair value of the award. Forfeitures of share-based awards are recognized as they occur.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Transaction, Transition and Restructuring Costs
Transaction, transition and restructuring costs include transition and integration expenses incurred by properties that have undergone operator or business model transitions; costs and expenses relating to mergers, acquisitions, investments, leases, management agreements and similar arrangements, strategic transactions, such as spin-offs, joint ventures, partnerships and minority investments, and other transactions; and costs and expenses related to organizational or other restructuring activities.
Other Expense
Other expense includes the changes in fair value of stock warrants, net expenses or recoveries related to materially disruptive events and other expenses or income.
Gain on Real Estate Dispositions
We recognize a gain on real estate disposition when we transfer control of a property and when it is probable that we will collect substantially all of the related consideration.
Federal Income Tax
We have elected to be treated as a REIT under the applicable provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), for every year beginning with the year ended December 31, 1999. Accordingly, we generally are not subject to federal income tax on net income that we distribute to our stockholders, provided that we continue to qualify as a REIT. However, with respect to certain of our subsidiaries that have elected to be treated as taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS” or “TRS entities”), we record income tax expense or benefit, as those entities are subject to federal income tax similar to regular corporations. Certain foreign subsidiaries are subject to foreign income tax, although they did not elect to be treated as TRSs.
We account for deferred income taxes using the asset and liability method and recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been included in our financial statements or tax returns. Under this method, we determine deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. Any increase or decrease in the deferred tax liability that results from a change in circumstances, and that causes us to change our judgment about expected future tax consequences of events, is included in the tax provision when such changes occur. Deferred income taxes also reflect the impact of operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is provided if we believe it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax asset will not be realized. Any increase or decrease in the valuation allowance that results from a change in circumstances, and that causes us to change our judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset, is included in the tax provision when such changes occur.
We recognize the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position claimed or expected to be claimed on a tax return only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than fifty percent likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. We recognize interest and penalties, if applicable, related to uncertain tax positions as part of income tax benefit or expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Foreign Currency
Certain of our subsidiaries’ functional currencies are the local currencies of their respective foreign jurisdictions. We translate the results of operations of our foreign subsidiaries into U.S. dollars using average rates of exchange in effect during the period, and we translate balance sheet accounts using exchange rates in effect at the end of the period. We record the resulting currency translation adjustments in accumulated other comprehensive income, a component of stockholders’ equity, on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, and we record foreign currency transaction gains and losses in other expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income. We recognize any noncontrolling interests’ proportionate share of currency translation adjustments of our foreign consolidated joint ventures in noncontrolling interests on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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Segment Reporting
As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we operated through three reportable business segments: SHOP, outpatient medical and research portfolio and triple-net leased properties. In our SHOP segment, we invest in senior housing communities throughout the United States and Canada and engage operators to operate those communities. In our outpatient medical and research portfolio segment, we primarily acquire, own, develop, lease and manage outpatient medical buildings and research centers throughout the United States. In our triple-net leased properties segment, we invest in and own senior housing communities, skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), long-term acute care facilities (“LTACs”), freestanding inpatient rehabilitation facilities (“IRFs”) and other healthcare facilities throughout the United States and the United Kingdom and lease those properties to tenants under triple-net or absolute-net leases that obligate the tenants to pay all property-related expenses, including maintenance, utilities, repairs, taxes, insurance and capital expenditures. See “Note 18 – Segment Information.”
Government Assistance
Provider Relief Grants. We applied for and received grants under Phase 2, Phase 3 and Phase 4 of the Provider Relief Fund administered by the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services (“HHS”) on behalf of the assisted living communities in our senior living operations segment to partially mitigate losses attributable to COVID-19. These grants are intended to reimburse eligible providers for expenses incurred to prevent, prepare for and respond to COVID-19 and lost revenues attributable to COVID-19. We will not be required to repay distributions from the Provider Relief Fund, provided that we attest to and comply with certain terms and conditions, including, not using grants received from the Provider Relief Fund to reimburse expenses or losses that other sources are obligated to reimburse, reporting and record keeping requirements and cooperating with any government audits. See “Government Regulation—CARES Act and Similar Governmental Funding Programs” in Part I, Item 1 of this Annual Report.
Other Government Assistance. We, and our tenants, borrowers, managers and unconsolidated entities also received grants administered by other domestic, foreign, local, regional or national governments on behalf of our senior housing communities primarily to partially mitigate losses attributable to COVID-19.
During 2023, we did not receive any HHS grants. During 2022 and 2021, we received $54.2 million and $15.4 million, respectively, in HHS grants. These grants are recognized as a contra expense within property-level operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Income in the period in which they were received. Any grants that are ultimately received and retained by us are not expected to fully offset the losses incurred in our SHOP segment that are attributable to COVID-19. Further, although we continue to monitor and evaluate the terms and conditions associated with these government grants, we cannot assure you that we will be in compliance with all requirements related to the payments received, in which case some or all of the grants received may need to be repaid.
Recent Accounting Standards
In November 2021, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2021-10, Disclosures by Business Entities about Government Assistance (“ASU 2021-10”), which requires expanded annual disclosures for transactions involving the receipt of government assistance. Required disclosures include a description of the nature of the transactions with government entities, our accounting policies for such transactions and their impact to our Consolidated Financial Statements. We adopted ASU 2021-10 on January 1, 2022 and the adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In November 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-07, Segment Reporting—Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”), which requires incremental disclosures related to a public entity’s reportable segments. Required disclosures include, on an annual and interim basis, significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker (CODM) and included within each reported measure of segment profit or loss, an amount for other segment items (which is the difference between segment revenue less segment expenses and less segment profit or loss) and a description of its composition, the title and position of the CODM, and an explanation of how the CODM uses the reported measure(s) of segment profit or loss in assessing segment performance and deciding how to allocate resources. ASU 2023-07 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2023-07 on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
In December 2023, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”), which requires public entities on an annual basis to (1) disclose specific categories in the rate reconciliation and (2) provide additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold (if the effect of those reconciling
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items is equal to or greater than 5 percent of the amount computed by multiplying pretax income [or loss] by the applicable statutory income tax rate). ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2025. We are evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2023-09 on our Consolidated Financial Statements.
Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. In 2022, expenses related to shareholder relations matters have been reclassified from transaction, transition and restructuring costs to shareholder relations matters in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
NOTE 3 – CONCENTRATION OF CREDIT RISK
As of December 31, 2023, Atria Senior Living, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, including Holiday Retirement (“Holiday”), “Atria”), Sunrise Senior Living, LLC (together with its subsidiaries, “Sunrise”), Brookdale Senior Living Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, “Brookdale”), Ardent Health Partners, LLC (together with its subsidiaries, “Ardent”) and Kindred Healthcare, LLC (together with its subsidiaries, “Kindred”) contributed approximately 20.1%, 4.5%, 7.7%, 6.9% and 6.9%, respectively, of our total NOI. Because Atria and Sunrise manage our properties in exchange for a management fee from us, we are not directly exposed to their credit risk in the same manner or to the same extent as triple-net tenants like Brookdale, Ardent and Kindred.
Based on total NOI, our SHOP, outpatient medical and research portfolio triple-net leased properties segments contributed 37.0%, 30.0% and 31.4%, respectively. Our consolidated properties were located in 47 states, the District of Columbia, seven Canadian provinces and the United Kingdom as of December 31, 2023, with properties in one state (California) accounting for more than 10% of our total consolidated revenues and NOI for each of the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional disclosure and a reconciliation of net income attributable to common stockholders, as computed in accordance with GAAP, to NOI.
Triple-Net Leased Properties
The properties we triple-net leased to Brookdale, Ardent and Kindred accounted for a significant portion of total revenues and total NOI for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. Refer to Item 1A. Risk Factors. The following table reflects the concentration risk related to our triple-net leased properties including assets held for sale for the periods presented:
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Contribution as a Percentage of Total Revenues (1)****: | |||||||||||||||||
| Brookdale (2) | 3.3 | % | 3.6 | % | 3.9 | % | |||||||||||
| Ardent | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.3 | ||||||||||||||
| Kindred | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.8 | ||||||||||||||
| Contribution as a Percentage of Total NOI: | |||||||||||||||||
| Brookdale (2) | 7.7 | % | 8.1 | % | 8.6 | % | |||||||||||
| Ardent | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.4 | ||||||||||||||
| Kindred | 6.9 | 7.3 | 7.8 |
(1)Total revenues include third party capital management revenues, income from loans and investments and interest and other income.
(2)2023, 2022 and 2021 results include $42.6 million, $42.6 million and $42.6 million, respectively, of amortization of up-front consideration received in 2020 from a revised master lease agreement with Brookdale.
Each of our leases with Brookdale, Ardent and Kindred is a triple-net lease that obligates the tenant to pay all property-related expenses, including maintenance, utilities, repairs, taxes, insurance and capital expenditures, and to comply with the terms of the mortgage financing documents, if any, affecting the properties. In addition, each of our Brookdale, Ardent and Kindred leases is guaranteed by a corporate parent.
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Kindred Lease
As of December 31, 2023, we leased 29 properties to Kindred pursuant to a single, triple-net master lease agreement (together with certain other agreements related to such master lease, collectively, the “Kindred Lease”). As of December 31, 2023, the Kindred Lease represented approximately 6.9% of the Company’s Total NOI.
Pursuant to the Kindred Lease, the 29 properties are divided into two groups. The first group is composed of six properties (“Group 1”) and the second group is composed of 23 properties (“Group 2”). The existing term of the Kindred Lease expires on April 30, 2028 for Group 1 and April 30, 2025 for Group 2. Kindred has the option to renew all of the properties (but not less than all) (a) within Group 1 for two 5-year extensions; and (b) within Group 2 for three 5-year extensions, in each case at the greater of escalated rent and fair market rent by providing written notice no later than one year prior to the applicable expiration date. Kindred currently has the option to renew all of the properties (but not less than all) within Group 2 for one such 5-year extension by providing written notice to us before May 1, 2024. The Kindred Lease is guaranteed by a parent company.
The COVID-19 pandemic led to elevated volumes and financial performance at the properties leased to Kindred. As the pandemic receded, the financial performance has declined. While we believe that Kindred has taken and is taking targeted actions to attempt to improve the performance of the properties, there can be no assurance that Kindred will be able to do so or that such financial performance will not affect Kindred’s ability to perform their obligations to us or impact any of their decisions related to the renewal of their lease. See also “Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business Operations and Strategy—If we need to replace any of our tenants or managers, we may be unable to do so on as favorable terms, if at all, and we could be subject to delays, limitations and expenses, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.”, “Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business Operations and Strategy—A significant portion of our revenues and operating income is dependent on a limited number of tenants and managers, including Brookdale, Ardent, Kindred, Atria and Sunrise.” and “Part I—Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business Operations and Strategy—We face potential adverse consequences from the bankruptcy, insolvency or financial deterioration of our tenants, managers, borrowers and other obligors.” included in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report.
Brookdale Lease
As of December 31, 2023, we leased 121 properties (excluding ten properties managed by Brookdale pursuant to long-term management agreements and included in the SHOP segment) to Brookdale pursuant to a single, triple-net master lease agreement (together with certain other agreements related to such master lease, collectively, the “Brookdale Lease”).
Under the terms of the Brookdale Lease, base rent escalates annually at 3% per annum, which escalation commenced on January 1, 2022. The existing term of the Brookdale Lease expires December 31, 2025 and Brookdale has the option to renew the Brookdale lease with respect to all (but not less than all) of the properties for two, 10-year extensions. Base rent for the first year of each extension is the greater of (a) 103% of prior full year's base rent; and (b) fair market rent, capped at a 10% increase. Subsequent to the first year of any such renewal, base rent would continue to escalate by 3% per annum over the prior full year’s base rent. Brookdale currently has the option to renew the Brookdale Lease for its next 10-year extension by providing written notice to us after June 30, 2024 and on or before November 30, 2024. The Brookdale Lease is guaranteed by Brookdale Senior Living, Inc.
In addition, we hold warrants for 16.3 million shares of Brookdale Senior Living, Inc. common stock, which are exercisable at any time prior to December 31, 2025 and have an exercise price of $3.00 per share. The warrants are classified within other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and measured at fair value with changes in fair value being recognized within other expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
Ardent Lease
As of December 31, 2023, we leased 11 properties (excluding 19 outpatient medical buildings leased to Ardent under separate leases included in our outpatient medical and research portfolio segment) to Ardent pursuant to a single, triple-net master lease agreement (together with certain other agreements related to such master lease, collectively, the “Ardent Lease”). The existing term of the Ardent Lease expires August 31, 2035 and Ardent has the option to renew such term for one, 10-year extension at contractual escalated rent. The Ardent Lease is guaranteed by the Ardent parent company.
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Future Contractual Rents
The following table sets forth the future contracted minimum rentals, excluding contingent rent escalations, assuming no renewal but including straight-line rent adjustments where applicable, under the existing lease for all of our consolidated triple-net and outpatient medical and research building leases as of December 31, 2023 (excluding properties classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2023, dollars in thousands):
| Brookdale Senior Living | Ardent | Kindred | Other | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | $ | 149,045 | $ | 149,470 | $ | 134,372 | $ | 771,947 | $ | 1,204,834 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 148,586 | 149,470 | 62,124 | 679,068 | 1,039,248 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | — | 148,927 | 25,839 | 611,042 | 785,808 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | — | 147,839 | 25,839 | 509,668 | 683,346 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | — | 147,839 | 8,613 | 414,148 | 570,600 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | — | 968,188 | — | 1,435,066 | 2,403,254 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | 297,631 | $ | 1,711,733 | $ | 256,787 | $ | 4,420,939 | $ | 6,687,090 |
Senior Housing Operating Portfolio
As of December 31, 2023, Atria and Sunrise, collectively, provided comprehensive property management and accounting services with respect to 308 of our 587 consolidated senior housing communities, for which we pay annual management fees pursuant to long-term management agreements.
On July 30, 2021, Atria acquired the management services division of Holiday, which at the time managed a pool of 26 communities for Ventas. As of December 31, 2023, Atria and its subsidiaries, including Holiday, managed a pool of 216 senior housing communities for Ventas. Ventas has the right to terminate the management contract for 67 of the communities on short notice.
As of December 31, 2023, Sunrise managed 92 communities for Ventas pursuant to multiple management agreements (collectively, the “Sunrise Management Agreements”). Our Sunrise Management Agreements have initial terms expiring between 2035 and 2040. Ventas has the ability to terminate some or all of the Sunrise Management Agreements under certain circumstances with or without the payment of a fee.
We successfully transitioned the operations of 90 senior living communities owned by us and operated under management agreements with Eclipse Senior Living, Inc. (“ESL”) to seven experienced managers on or before January 2, 2022. ESL ceased operation of its management business in early 2022 following completion of the transitions. We incurred certain one-time transition costs and expenses in connection with the transitions, which were recognized within transaction, transition and restructuring costs in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
We rely on our managers’ personnel, expertise, technical resources and information systems, proprietary information, good faith and judgment to manage our senior housing operating portfolio efficiently and effectively. We also rely on our managers to set appropriate resident fees, provide accurate property-level financial results in a timely manner and otherwise operate our senior housing communities in compliance with the terms of our management agreements and all applicable laws and regulations.
NOTE 4 – ACQUISITIONS OF REAL ESTATE PROPERTY
We acquire and invest in senior housing, outpatient medical buildings and research centers and other healthcare properties primarily to achieve an expected yield on our investment, to grow and diversify our portfolio and revenue base, and to reduce our dependence on any single tenant, operator or manager, geographic location, asset type, business model or revenue source. The following summarizes our acquisition activities. Each of our acquisitions disclosed below was accounted for as an asset acquisition.
2022 Acquisitions
During the year ended December 31, 2022, for an aggregate purchase price of $453.2 million, we acquired 18 outpatient medical buildings leased to affiliates of Ardent, one behavioral health center, one research center (all of which are
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
reported within our outpatient medical and research portfolio segment) and two senior housing communities (which are reported within our SHOP segment).
2021 Acquisitions
On September 21, 2021, we acquired New Senior Investment Group Inc. (“New Senior”) for a purchase price of $2.3 billion in an all-stock transaction pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger dated as of June 28, 2021 (the “Merger Agreement”) by and among Ventas, Cadence Merger Sub LLC, our wholly-owned subsidiary (“Merger Sub”), and New Senior. Under the Merger Agreement, on the acquisition date, Merger Sub merged with and into New Senior, with New Senior surviving the merger as our wholly-owned subsidiary (the “New Senior Acquisition”). The New Senior Acquisition was valued at approximately $2.4 billion. We funded the transaction through the issuance of approximately 13.3 million shares of our common stock, with each New Senior stockholder receiving 0.1561 shares of Ventas common stock for each share of New Senior common stock that they owned immediately prior to the acquisition. In addition to the equity issuance, we funded the acquisition through the assumption of $482.5 million of New Senior mortgage debt and $1.1 billion of cash paid at closing. The New Senior Acquisition added 102 independent living communities to our SHOP segment and one independent living community to our triple-net lease properties segment. We accounted for this transaction as an asset acquisition and the financial results of New Senior have been included in our consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date.
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we acquired six Canadian senior housing communities reported within our SHOP segment and a behavioral health center in Plano, Texas reported within our outpatient medical and research portfolio for aggregate consideration of $240.7 million.
2024 Acquisitions
In January 2024, we closed on the acquisition of a Class A senior housing community reported within our SHOP segment for $36.0 million.
NOTE 5 – DISPOSITIONS AND IMPAIRMENTS
2023 Activity
During the year ended December 31, 2023, we sold seven senior housing communities (four of which were vacant), seven outpatient medical buildings (one of which was vacant), three research centers, nine triple-net leased properties (two of which were vacant) and two land parcel for aggregate consideration of $399.5 million and recognized a gain on the sale of these assets of $62.1 million in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
2022 Activity
During the year ended December 31, 2022, we sold seven senior housing communities, two outpatient medical buildings, three triple-net leased properties, one vacant land parcel and one vacant outpatient medical building for aggregate consideration of $115.1 million and recognized a net gain on the sale of these assets of $7.8 million in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
2021 Activity
During the year ended December 31, 2021, we sold 34 outpatient medical buildings, eight triple-net leased properties and 23 senior housing communities for aggregate consideration of $859.7 million and recognized gains on the sale of these assets of $218.8 million in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Assets Held for Sale
The table below summarizes our real estate assets classified as held for sale including the amounts reported on our Consolidated Balance Sheets, which may include anticipated post-closing settlements of working capital for disposed properties (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Number of Properties Held for Sale | Assets Held for Sale | Liabilities Related to Assets Held for Sale | Number of Properties Held for Sale | Assets Held for Sale | Liabilities Related to Assets Held for Sale | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SHOP | 13 | $ | 48,173 | $ | 6,419 | 3 | $ | 44,852 | $ | 5,675 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outpatient medical and research portfolio (1) | 3 | 5,431 | 2,643 | — | 41 | 817 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Triple-net leased properties | 1 | 2,885 | 181 | — | — | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 17 | $ | 56,489 | $ | 9,243 | 3 | $ | 44,893 | $ | 6,492 |
(1)Balances as of December 31, 2022 primarily relate to sold assets that will be settled post close.
Real Estate Impairments
We recognized impairments of $226.6 million, $107.8 million and $219.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, which are recorded primarily as a component of depreciation and amortization in our Consolidated Statements of Income. The impairments recorded were primarily a result of a change in our intent to hold or a change in the future cash flows of the impaired assets.
NOTE 6 – LOANS RECEIVABLE AND INVESTMENTS
As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, we held $54.1 million and $561.4 million, respectively, of loans receivable and investments, net of allowance, relating to senior housing and healthcare operators or properties. The following is a summary of our loans receivable and investments, net, including amortized cost, fair value and unrealized gains or losses on available for sale investments (dollars in thousands):
| Amortized Cost | Allowance | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2023: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured/mortgage loans and other, net (1) | $ | 27,986 | $ | — | $ | 27,986 | $ | 27,947 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-mortgage loans receivable, net (2) | 30,128 | (3,976) | 26,152 | 25,200 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans receivable and investments, net | $ | 58,114 | $ | (3,976) | $ | 54,138 | $ | 53,147 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| As of December 31, 2022: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Secured/mortgage loans and other, net (3) | $ | 513,669 | $ | (20,000) | $ | 493,669 | $ | 493,627 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Government-sponsored pooled loan investments, net (4) | 43,406 | — | 43,406 | 43,406 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total investments reported as secured loans receivable and investments, net | 557,075 | (20,000) | 537,075 | 537,033 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-mortgage loans receivable, net (2) | 28,959 | (4,621) | 24,338 | 23,416 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total loans receivable and investments, net | $ | 586,034 | $ | (24,621) | $ | 561,413 | $ | 560,449 |
(1)Investments have contractual maturities in 2024 and 2027.
(2)Included in other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(3)Includes the Company’s cash-pay non-recourse mezzanine loan to Santerre Health Investors (the “Santerre Mezzanine Loan”), which was no longer outstanding as of December 31, 2023. Other included investments have contractual maturities in 2024 and 2027.
(4)Repaid at par in February 2023.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2023 Activity
On May 1, 2023, we took ownership of the properties that secured the Santerre Mezzanine Loan by converting the outstanding principal amount of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan to equity, with no additional consideration being paid. As a result, the Santerre Mezzanine Loan is no longer outstanding. The properties consisted of a diverse pool of outpatient medical buildings, senior housing operating portfolio communities, triple-net leased skilled nursing facilities and hospital assets in the United States, which, at the time, also secured a $1 billion non-recourse senior mortgage loan issued under the CHC Commercial Mortgage Trust 2019-CHC (the “CHC Mortgage Loan”). For additional information regarding the CHC Mortgage Loan, see “Note 10 – Senior Notes Payable and Other Debt.”
Upon taking ownership of the portfolio, we reversed the previously recorded (in 2022) $20.0 million CECL allowance and recognized a gain on foreclosure of real estate of $29.1 million in our Consolidated Statements of Income. The gain is the fair value of the properties that secured the Santerre Mezzanine Loan, less the fair value of the CHC Mortgage Loan, less the principal amount of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan on May 1, 2023 (after the reversal of previously recorded allowances), and net of non-real estate assets and liabilities and transaction costs. For additional information, see “Note 11 – Fair Values of Financial Instruments.”
2022 Activity
In 2022, we provided secured debt financing in the aggregate amount of $29.1 million with terms ranging from two to five years and interest rates ranging from Term SOFR plus 3.75% to 5.00%.
As of December 31, 2022, we recognized a $20.0 million allowance on the Santerre Mezzanine Loan in our Consolidated Statements of Income. The allowance for the Santerre Mezzanine Loan was calculated using the CECL model, which considers relevant information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts to estimate expected losses as of the most recent balance sheet date.
NOTE 7 – INVESTMENTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED ENTITIES
We report investments in unconsolidated entities over whose operating and financial policies we have the ability to exercise significant influence under the equity method of accounting. We are not required to consolidate these entities because our joint venture partners have significant participating rights, nor are these entities considered VIEs, as they are controlled by equity holders with sufficient capital. We invest in both real estate entities and operating entities which are described further below.
Investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities
Through VIM, which combines our extensive third-party capital ventures under a single platform, we partner with third-party institutional investors to invest in real estate through various joint ventures and other co-investment vehicles where we are the sponsor or general partner.
Below is a summary of our investments in unconsolidated real estate entities as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively (dollars in thousands):
| Ownership (1) | Carrying Amount | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| as of December 31, | as of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Investments in unconsolidated real estate entities: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ventas Life Science & Healthcare Real Estate Fund | 18.3% | 21.0% | $ | 264,442 | $ | 263,979 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Pension Fund Joint Venture | 23.6% | 22.9% | 22,169 | 25,028 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research & Innovation Development Joint Venture | 51.3% | 51.0% | 275,829 | 284,962 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ventas Investment Management platform | 562,440 | 573,969 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atrium Health & Wake Forest Joint Venture | 48.5% | 48.5% | 35,137 | 5,403 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| All other (2) | 34.0%-37.5% | 34.0%-37.5% | 629 | 577 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total investments in unconsolidated real estate entities | $ | 598,206 | $ | 579,949 |
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(1) The entities in which we have an ownership interest may have less than a 100% interest in the underlying real estate. The ownership percentages in the table reflect our interest in the underlying real estate. Joint venture members, including us in some instances, have equity participation rights based on the underlying performance of the investments, which could result in non pro rata distributions.
(2) Includes investments in parking structures and other de minimis investments in unconsolidated real estate entities.
We provide various services to our unconsolidated real estate entities in exchange for fees and reimbursements. Total management fees earned in connection with these services were $14.7 million, $14.5 million and $12.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Such amounts, along with promote revenue, are included in third party capital management revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
2022 Activity
In 2022, we earned our first promote revenue of $9.9 million as general partner of the Ventas Life Science & Healthcare Real Estate Fund within VIM. The promote revenue was recorded in third party capital management revenues in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
In 2022, we, together with our joint venture partners Wexford and Atrium Health, closed or committed to a new approximately 326,000 square foot development in Charlotte, North Carolina.
Investments in Unconsolidated Operating Entities
We own investments in unconsolidated operating entities such as Ardent and Atria, which are included within other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our 34% ownership interest in Atria entitles us to customary minority rights and protections, including the right to appoint two members to the Atria Board of Directors.
2023 Activity
As of December 31, 2023, we held a 7.5% ownership interest in Ardent, which entitles us to customary minority rights and protections, including the right to appoint one member to the Ardent Board of Directors. In May 2023, we sold approximately 24% of our ownership interest in Ardent to a third-party investor for $50.1 million in total proceeds. As a result of the sale, we recognized $33.5 million of gain for the year ended December 31, 2023 in income from unconsolidated entities in our Consolidated Statements of Income and our ownership interest in Ardent was reduced from 9.8% to 7.5%.
On November 23, 2023, Ardent became aware of a cybersecurity incident, which Ardent determined to be a ransomware attack. As a result, Ardent took its network offline, suspending all user access to its information technology applications, which resulted in disruptions to certain aspects of Ardent’s clinical and financial operations.
2022 Activity
During the fourth quarter of 2022, Atria combined its proprietary cloud-based senior housing management software platform, Glennis, with two other complementary companies in the Software as a Service (SaaS) technology space. The merger transaction was executed under the sponsorship and majority ownership of an experienced private equity technology investor. We own a 34% stake in Atria and recognized a $26.1 million gain on sale in the fourth quarter of 2022 in income from unconsolidated entities in our Consolidated Statements of Income. We now own nearly 10% of the new combined SaaS company.
In December 2022, we recognized $11.7 million in income from unconsolidated entities in our Consolidated Statements of Income relating to our share of a net gain on real estate disposition recognized by Ardent.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Pursuant to Rule 3-09 and Rule 4-08(g) of Regulation S-X under the Securities Act, we are required to present summarized financial information of the combined accounts of our unconsolidated entities accounted for by the equity method. The following table summarizes the combined unaudited financial information of our equity method investments, based on the most recent financial information available to us as of the respective reporting dates and periods (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 9,423,867 | $ | 8,815,737 | |||||||
| Total liabilities | 6,133,776 | 5,818,276 | |||||||||
| Total noncontrolling interests | 574,575 | 555,783 | |||||||||
| Total equity, net of noncontrolling interests | 2,715,516 | 2,441,678 |
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 6,526,010 | $ | 6,193,393 | $ | 5,751,765 | |||||||||||
| Total pre-tax income | 43,100 | 335,793 | 243,773 | ||||||||||||||
| Total net (loss) income, net of noncontrolling interests | (44,313) | 212,112 | 110,384 |
NOTE 8 – INTANGIBLES
The following is a summary of our intangibles (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Balance | Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period in Years | Balance | Weighted Average Remaining Amortization Period in Years | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Intangible assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Above-market lease intangibles (1) | $ | 130,371 | 4.8 | $ | 129,038 | 5.4 | |||||||||||||||||
| In-place and other lease intangibles (2) | 1,317,775 | 8.3 | 1,217,152 | 8.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Goodwill | 1,045,176 | N/A | 1,044,415 | N/A | |||||||||||||||||||
| Other intangibles (2) | 34,440 | 4.8 | 34,404 | 5.6 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated amortization | (1,189,817) | N/A | (1,061,305) | N/A | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net intangible assets | $ | 1,337,945 | 8.0 | $ | 1,363,704 | 7.8 | |||||||||||||||||
| Intangible liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Below-market lease intangibles (1) | $ | 306,499 | 8.1 | $ | 333,672 | 8.6 | |||||||||||||||||
| Other lease intangibles | 13,498 | N/A | 13,498 | N/A | |||||||||||||||||||
| Accumulated amortization | (241,600) | N/A | (258,639) | N/A | |||||||||||||||||||
| Purchase option intangibles | 3,568 | N/A | 3,568 | N/A | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net intangible liabilities | $ | 81,965 | 8.1 | $ | 92,099 | 8.6 |
(1) Amortization of above- and below-market lease intangibles is recorded as a decrease and an increase to revenues, respectively, in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
(2) Amortization of lease intangibles is recorded in depreciation and amortization in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
N/A—Not Applicable
Above-market lease intangibles and in-place and other lease intangibles are included in acquired lease intangibles within real estate investments on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Other intangibles (including non-compete agreements, trade names and trademarks) are included in other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. Below-market lease intangibles, other lease intangibles and purchase option intangibles are included in accounts payable and other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, our net amortization related to these intangibles was $111.2 million, $102.4 million and $29.3 million, respectively.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The following is a summary of the estimated net amortization related to these intangibles for each of the next five years (dollars in thousands):
| Estimated Net Amortization | |||||
| 2024 | $ | 102,539 | |||
| 2025 | 24,497 | ||||
| 2026 | 17,653 | ||||
| 2027 | 13,942 | ||||
| 2028 | 11,802 |
The table below reflects the carrying amount of goodwill, by segment, as of December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| Goodwill | ||||||||
| Outpatient medical and research portfolio | $ | 463,796 | ||||||
| Triple-net leased properties | 322,326 | |||||||
| SHOP | 259,054 | |||||||
| Total goodwill | $ | 1,045,176 |
NOTE 9 – OTHER ASSETS
The following is a summary of our other assets (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Straight-line rent receivables | $ | 194,108 | $ | 187,536 | |||||||
| Deferred lease costs, net | 118,556 | 101,185 | |||||||||
| Investment in unconsolidated operating entities | 80,312 | 95,363 | |||||||||
| Non-mortgage loans receivable, net | 26,152 | 24,338 | |||||||||
| Stock warrants | 59,281 | 23,621 | |||||||||
| Other intangibles, net | 5,584 | 6,393 | |||||||||
| Other | 199,417 | 171,387 | |||||||||
| Total other assets | $ | 683,410 | $ | 609,823 |
Stock warrants represent warrants exercisable at any time prior to December 31, 2025, in whole or in part, for 16.3 million shares of Brookdale common stock at an exercise price of $3.00 per share. These warrants are measured at fair value with changes in fair value being recognized within other expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 10 – SENIOR NOTES PAYABLE AND OTHER DEBT
The following is a summary of our senior notes payable and other debt (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Unsecured revolving credit facility (1)(2) | $ | 14,006 | $ | 25,230 | |||||||
| Commercial paper notes | — | 403,000 | |||||||||
| 2.55% Senior Notes, Series D due 2023 (2) | — | 202,967 | |||||||||
| 3.50% Senior Notes due 2024 | 400,000 | 400,000 | |||||||||
| 3.75% Senior Notes due 2024 | 400,000 | 400,000 | |||||||||
| 4.125% Senior Notes, Series B due 2024 (2) | 123,256 | 184,515 | |||||||||
| 2.80% Senior Notes, Series E due 2024 (2) | 55,143 | 442,837 | |||||||||
| Unsecured term loan due 2025 (2) | 377,501 | 369,031 | |||||||||
| 3.50% Senior Notes due 2025 | 600,000 | 600,000 | |||||||||
| 2.65% Senior Notes due 2025 | 450,000 | 450,000 | |||||||||
| 4.125% Senior Notes due 2026 | 500,000 | 500,000 | |||||||||
| 3.25% Senior Notes due 2026 | 450,000 | 450,000 | |||||||||
| 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2026 | 862,500 | — | |||||||||
| Unsecured term loan due February 2027 | 200,000 | — | |||||||||
| Unsecured term loan due June 2027 | 500,000 | 500,000 | |||||||||
| 2.45% Senior Notes, Series G due 2027 (2) | 358,626 | 350,579 | |||||||||
| 3.85% Senior Notes due 2027 | 400,000 | 400,000 | |||||||||
| 4.00% Senior Notes due 2028 | 650,000 | 650,000 | |||||||||
| 5.398% Senior Notes, Series I due 2028 (2) | 453,001 | — | |||||||||
| 4.40% Senior Notes due 2029 | 750,000 | 750,000 | |||||||||
| 3.00% Senior Notes due 2030 | 650,000 | 650,000 | |||||||||
| 4.75% Senior Notes due 2030 | 500,000 | 500,000 | |||||||||
| 2.50% Senior Notes due 2031 | 500,000 | 500,000 | |||||||||
| 3.30% Senior Notes, Series H due 2031 (2) | 226,501 | 221,419 | |||||||||
| 6.90% Senior Notes due 2037 (3) | 52,400 | 52,400 | |||||||||
| 6.59% Senior Notes due 2038 (3) | 21,413 | 22,823 | |||||||||
| 5.70% Senior Notes due 2043 | 300,000 | 300,000 | |||||||||
| 4.375% Senior Notes due 2045 | 300,000 | 300,000 | |||||||||
| 4.875% Senior Notes due 2049 | 300,000 | 300,000 | |||||||||
| Mortgage loans and other | 3,174,251 | 2,436,443 | |||||||||
| Total | 13,568,598 | 12,361,244 | |||||||||
| Deferred financing costs, net | (84,034) | (63,410) | |||||||||
| Unamortized fair value adjustment | 17,081 | 23,535 | |||||||||
| Unamortized discounts | (10,749) | (24,589) | |||||||||
| Senior notes payable and other debt | $ | 13,490,896 | $ | 12,296,780 |
(1)As of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, zero and $3.7 million of aggregate borrowings were denominated in Canadian dollars. Aggregate borrowings of $14.0 million and $21.5 million were denominated in British pounds as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
(2)British Pound and Canadian Dollar debt obligations shown in US Dollars.
(3)Our 6.90% Senior Notes due 2037 are subject to repurchase at the option of the holders, at par, on October 1, 2027, and our 6.59% Senior Notes due 2038 are subject to repurchase at the option of the holders, at par, on July 7, 2028.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Credit Facilities, Commercial Paper, Unsecured Term Loans and Letters of Credit
We have a $2.75 billion unsecured revolving credit facility priced at SOFR plus 0.925%, which is subject to adjustment based on the Company’s debt ratings. The unsecured revolving credit facility matures in January 2025, but may be extended at our option, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, for two additional periods of six months each. The unsecured revolving credit facility also includes an accordion feature that permits us to increase our aggregate borrowing capacity thereunder to up to $3.75 billion, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the receipt of additional commitments for such increase.
Our unsecured revolving credit facility imposed certain customary restrictions on us, including restrictions pertaining to: (i) liens; (ii) investments; (iii) the incurrence of additional indebtedness; (iv) mergers and dissolutions; (v) certain dividend, distribution and other payments; (vi) permitted businesses; (vii) transactions with affiliates; (viii) agreements limiting certain liens; and (ix) the maintenance of certain consolidated total leverage, secured debt leverage, unsecured debt leverage and fixed charge coverage ratios and minimum consolidated adjusted net worth, and contains customary events of default.
As of December 31, 2023, we had $2.7 billion of undrawn capacity on our unsecured revolving credit facility with $14.0 million outstanding and an additional $1.2 million restricted to support outstanding letters of credit. We limit our use of the unsecured revolving credit facility, to the extent necessary, to support our commercial paper program when commercial paper notes are outstanding.
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Ventas Realty, Limited Partnership (“Ventas Realty”), may issue from time to time unsecured commercial paper notes up to a maximum aggregate amount outstanding at any time of $1.0 billion. The notes are sold under customary terms in the U.S. commercial paper note market and are ranked pari passu with all of Ventas Realty’s other unsecured senior indebtedness. The notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Ventas, Inc. As of December 31, 2023, we had no borrowings outstanding under our commercial paper program.
Ventas Realty has a $500.0 million unsecured term loan priced at Term SOFR plus 0.95%, which is subject to adjustment based on Ventas Realty’s debt ratings. This term loan is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Ventas, Inc. It matures in June 2027 and includes an accordion feature that permits Ventas Realty to increase the aggregate borrowings thereunder to up to $1.25 billion, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the receipt of additional commitments for such increase.
On September 6, 2023, Ventas Realty entered into a $200.0 million unsecured term loan priced at SOFR plus 0.95%, which is subject to adjustment based on Ventas Realty’s debt ratings. This term loan is fully and unconditionally guaranteed by Ventas, Inc. It matures in February 2027 and includes an accordion feature that permits Ventas Realty to increase the aggregate borrowings thereunder to up to $500.0 million, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including the receipt of additional commitments for such increase.
As of December 31, 2023, Ventas Canada Finance Limited (“Ventas Canada”) and Ventas SSL Ontario II, Inc., as borrowers, had a C$500 million or $377.5 million unsecured term loan facility priced at Canadian Dollar Offered Rate (“CDOR”) plus 0.90% that matures in January 2025.
As of December 31, 2023, our $100.0 million uncommitted line for standby letters of credit had an outstanding balance of $15.0 million. The agreement governing the line contains certain customary covenants and, under its terms, we are required to pay a commission on each outstanding letter of credit at a fixed rate.
Exchangeable Senior Notes
In June 2023, Ventas Realty issued $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of its 3.75% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2026 (the “Exchangeable Notes”) in a private placement. The Exchangeable Notes are senior, unsecured obligations of Ventas Realty and are fully and unconditionally guaranteed on an unsecured and unsubordinated basis by Ventas. The Exchangeable Notes bear interest at a rate of 3.75% per year, payable semi-annually in arrears on June 1 and December 1 of each year, beginning on December 1, 2023. The Exchangeable Notes mature on June 1, 2026, unless earlier exchanged, redeemed or repurchased. The net proceeds from the Exchangeable Notes were primarily used to repay the CHC Mortgage Loan. As of December 31, 2023, we had $862.5 million aggregate principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes outstanding. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recognized approximately $17.8 million of contractual interest expense and amortization of issuance costs of $3.6 million related to the Exchangeable Notes. Unamortized issuance costs were $17.1 million as of December 31, 2023.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The Exchangeable Notes are exchangeable at an initial exchange rate of 18.2460 shares of our common stock per $1,000 principal amount of Exchangeable Notes (equivalent to an initial exchange price of approximately $54.81 per share of common stock). The initial exchange rate is subject to adjustment, including in the event of the payment of a quarterly dividend in excess of $0.45 per share, but will not be adjusted for any accrued and unpaid interest. Upon exchange of the Exchangeable Notes, Ventas Realty will pay cash up to the aggregate principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes to be exchanged and pay or deliver (or cause to be delivered), as the case may be, cash, shares of common stock or a combination of cash and shares of common stock, at Ventas Realty’s election, in respect of the remainder, if any, of its exchange obligation in excess of the aggregate principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes being exchanged. Prior to the close of business on the business day immediately preceding March 1, 2026, the Exchangeable Notes will be exchangeable at the option of the noteholders only upon the satisfaction of specified conditions and during certain periods described in the indenture governing the Exchangeable Notes. On or after March 1, 2026, until the close of business on the business day immediately preceding the maturity date, the Exchangeable Notes will be exchangeable at the option of the noteholders at any time regardless of these conditions or periods.
We have evaluated and concluded that the exchange options embedded in our exchangeable senior notes are eligible for the entity’s own equity scope exception from ASC 815 and therefore, do not need to be bifurcated. Accordingly, we record our exchangeable senior notes as liabilities (included in senior notes payable and other debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheets).
Senior Notes
As of December 31, 2023, we had outstanding $8.0 billion aggregate principal amount of senior notes issued by Ventas Realty, approximately $73.8 million aggregate principal amount of senior notes issued by Nationwide Health Properties, Inc. (“NHP”) and assumed by our subsidiary, Nationwide Health Properties, LLC (“NHP LLC”), as successor to NHP, in connection with our acquisition of NHP, and C$1.6 billion aggregate principal amount of senior notes issued by our subsidiary, Ventas Canada. All of the senior notes issued by Ventas Realty and Ventas Canada are unconditionally guaranteed by Ventas, Inc.
Ventas Realty’s senior notes are part of our and Ventas Realty’s general unsecured obligations, ranking equal in right of payment with all of our and Ventas Realty’s existing and future senior obligations and ranking senior in right of payment to all of our and Ventas Realty’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness. However, Ventas Realty’s senior notes are effectively subordinated to our and Ventas Realty’s secured indebtedness, if any, to the extent of the value of the assets securing that indebtedness. Ventas Realty’s senior notes are also structurally subordinated to the preferred equity and indebtedness, whether secured or unsecured, of our subsidiaries (other than Ventas Realty).
Ventas Canada’s senior notes are part of our and Ventas Canada’s general unsecured obligations, ranking equal in right of payment with all of Ventas Canada’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness. However, Ventas Canada’s senior notes are effectively subordinated to our and Ventas Canada’s secured indebtedness, if any, to the extent of the value of the assets securing that indebtedness. Ventas Canada’s senior notes are also structurally subordinated to the preferred equity and indebtedness, whether secured or unsecured, of our subsidiaries (other than Ventas Canada).
NHP LLC’s senior notes are part of NHP LLC’s general unsecured obligations, ranking equal in right of payment with all of NHP LLC’s existing and future senior obligations and ranking senior to all of NHP LLC’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness. However, NHP LLC’s senior notes are effectively subordinated to NHP LLC’s secured indebtedness, if any, to the extent of the value of the assets securing that indebtedness. NHP LLC’s senior notes are also structurally subordinated to the preferred equity and indebtedness, whether secured or unsecured, of its subsidiaries.
Ventas Realty and Ventas Canada may redeem each series of their respective senior notes in whole at any time or in part from time to time, prior to maturity at the redemption prices set forth in the applicable indenture (which include, in many instances, a make-whole premium), plus, in each case, accrued and unpaid interest thereon to the redemption date.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In April 2023, our 100% owned subsidiary, Ventas Canada, issued and sold C$600.0 million aggregate principal amount of 5.398% Senior Notes due 2028 in a private placement at par. Pursuant to cash tender offers, we used the proceeds to repurchase C$613.7 million in aggregate principal amount of outstanding senior notes due in 2024 for an aggregate purchase price of C$600.0 million plus accrued and unpaid interest as disclosed below:
-
In April 2023, we repurchased C$527.0 million principal amount of our 2.80% Senior Notes, Series E due April 2024 at 97.6% of par value, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the settlement date.
-
In April 2023, we repurchased C$86.7 million principal amount of our 4.125% Senior Notes, Series B due September 2024 at 98.5% of par value, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, the settlement date.
As a result of the tender offers, we recognized a gain on extinguishment of debt of $8.3 million in our Consolidated Statements of Income for the year ended December 31, 2023.
Mortgages
At December 31, 2023, we had 147 mortgage loans outstanding in the aggregate principal amount of $3.2 billion, which are secured by 140 of our properties. Of these loans, 131 loans in the aggregate principal amount of $2.8 billion bear interest at fixed rates ranging from 2.24% to 13.02% per annum, and 16 loans in the aggregate principal amount of $418.3 million bear interest at variable rates ranging from 3.61% to 7.70% per annum as of December 31, 2023. At December 31, 2023, the weighted average annual rate on our fixed rate mortgage loans was 4.2%, and the weighted average annual rate on our variable rate mortgage loans was 6.1%. Our mortgage loans had a weighted average maturity of 4.8 years as of December 31, 2023.
During the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, we repaid in full mortgage loans in the aggregate principal amount of $50.9 million and $0.6 million, respectively.
In March 2023, we entered into a C$271.8 million floating rate mortgage loan maturing in 2028 with an interest rate of CDOR + 0.88%. The mortgage is secured by 14 SHOP communities in Canada.
On May 1, 2023, we took ownership of the properties that supported the Santerre Mezzanine Loan by converting the outstanding principal amount of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan to equity, with no additional consideration being paid. The properties consisted of a diverse pool of 153 assets, which, at the time, also secured the CHC Mortgage Loan. At the time of the equitization of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan, there was $1 billion outstanding under the CHC Mortgage Loan and it accrued interest at a weighted average rate of LIBOR + 1.84% and matured on June 9, 2023. The CHC Mortgage Loan was recorded at fair value, which approximates par, on May 1, 2023. Between June and August 2023, we repaid in full the CHC Mortgage Loan.
In July 2023, we entered into a $426.8 million fixed rate mortgage loan, which accrues interest at 5.91%, matures in 2033 and is secured by 19 SHOP communities in the United States. In October 2023, we purchased a $32.0 million tranche of this Company indebtedness at a discounted price, reducing the net effective interest rate of the mortgage loan to 5.60% and the net amount of the mortgage loan to $394.8 million. Because valid rights of set-off exist, the loan receivable is recorded as a reduction to the mortgage loan within senior notes payable and other debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, and interest income received is recorded as a reduction to interest expense in our Consolidated Statement of Income. As of December 31, 2023, the loan receivable of $32.0 million reduced the mortgage loan of $426.8 million resulting in a net mortgage loan balance of $394.8 million recorded within senior notes payable and other debt on our Consolidated Balance Sheet.
In December 2023, we entered into a C$93.5 million floating rate mortgage loan maturing in 2028 with an interest rate of CORRA + 1.31%. The mortgage is secured by five SHOP communities in Canada.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Scheduled Maturities of Borrowing Arrangements and Other Provisions
As of December 31, 2023, our indebtedness had the following maturities (dollars in thousands):
| Principal Amount Due at Maturity | Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility and Commercial Paper Notes | Scheduled Periodic Amortization | Total Maturities | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | $ | 1,211,752 | $ | 52,430 | $ | 1,264,182 | |||||||||||||||||
| 2025 | 2,166,134 | 14,006 | 46,892 | 2,227,032 | |||||||||||||||||||
| 2026 | 1,896,009 | 40,876 | 1,936,885 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2027 | 1,564,570 | 40,896 | 1,605,466 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2028 | 1,509,621 | — | 33,601 | 1,543,222 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Thereafter | 4,868,317 | 123,494 | 4,991,811 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Total maturities | $ | 13,216,403 | $ | 14,006 | $ | 338,189 | $ | 13,568,598 |
The instruments governing our outstanding indebtedness contain covenants that limit our ability and the ability of certain of our subsidiaries to, among other things: (i) incur debt; (ii) make certain dividends, distributions and investments; (iii) enter into certain transactions; and/or (iv) merge, consolidate or sell certain assets. Ventas Realty’s and Ventas Canada’s senior notes also require us and our subsidiaries to maintain total unencumbered assets of at least 150% of our unsecured debt. Our credit facilities also require us to maintain certain financial covenants pertaining to, among other things, our consolidated total leverage, secured debt, unsecured debt, fixed charge coverage and net worth.
As of December 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all of these covenants.
Derivatives and Hedging
In the normal course of our business, interest rate fluctuations affect future cash flows under our variable rate debt obligations, loans receivable and marketable debt securities, and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations affect our operating results. We follow established risk management policies and procedures, including the use of derivative instruments, to mitigate the impact of these risks.
We do not use derivative instruments for trading or speculative purposes, and we have a policy of entering into contracts only with major financial institutions based upon their credit ratings and other factors. When considered together with the underlying exposure that the derivative is designed to hedge, we do not expect that the use of derivatives in this manner would have any material adverse effect on our future financial condition or results of operations.
As of December 31, 2023, our variable rate debt obligations of $1.1 billion reflect, in part, the effect of $142.7 million notional amount of interest rate swaps with maturities in March 22, 2027, that effectively convert fixed rate debt to variable rate debt.
As of December 31, 2023, our fixed rate debt obligations of $12.5 billion reflect, in part, the effect of $527.3 million and C$651.5 million notional amount of interest rate swaps with maturities ranging from February 2025 to April 2031, in each case, that effectively convert variable rate debt to fixed rate debt.
2023 Activity
In the first quarter of 2023, we hedged an incremental $200.0 million of variable rate debt to fixed rate debt through the execution in March 2023 of two-year $400.0 million notional swaps on our unsecured term loan due in June 2027, replacing a $200.0 million notional swap that matured in January 2023. The swap instruments are designated as cash flow hedges.
In March 2023, in connection with our new C$271.8 million mortgage loan, we entered into an interest rate swap totaling a notional amount of C$271.8 million with a maturity of March 14, 2028 that effectively converts CDOR-based floating rate debt to fixed rate debt.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
In March and April 2023, we entered into a total of $250.0 million aggregate forward starting swaps with a ten-year weighted average rate of 3.37%. In July 2023, we terminated the above-mentioned forward starting swaps in conjunction with the issuance of the $426.8 million fixed rate mortgage loan due in 2033.
In December 2023, in connection with our new C$93.5 million mortgage loan, we entered into an interest rate swap totaling a notional amount of C$93.5 million with a maturity of December 18, 2028 that effectively converts CDOR-based floating rate debt to fixed rate debt.
NOTE 11 – FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
Financial Instruments Measured at Fair Value
The table below summarizes the carrying amounts and fair values of our financial instruments either recorded or disclosed on a recurring basis (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, 2023 | As of December 31, 2022 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carrying Amount | Fair Value | Carrying Amount | Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents (1) | $ | 508,794 | $ | 508,794 | $ | 122,564 | $ | 122,564 | |||||||||||||||
| Escrow deposits and restricted cash (1) | 54,668 | 54,668 | 48,181 | 48,181 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Stock warrants (3)(5) | 59,281 | 59,281 | 23,621 | 23,621 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Secured mortgage loans and other, net (3)(4) | 27,986 | 27,947 | 493,669 | 493,627 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-mortgage loans receivable, net (3)(4)(5) | 26,152 | 25,200 | 24,338 | 23,416 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Government-sponsored pooled loan investments, net (3) | — | — | 43,406 | 43,406 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative instruments (3)(5) | 19,782 | 19,782 | 24,316 | 24,316 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior notes payable and other debt, gross (3)(4) | 13,568,598 | 13,104,091 | 12,361,244 | 11,493,824 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Derivative instruments (3)(6) | 2,525 | 2,525 | 145 | 145 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Redeemable OP Units (2) | 173,452 | 173,452 | 162,663 | 162,663 |
(1)The carrying amount approximates fair value due to the short maturity of these instruments.
(2)Level 1 within fair value hierarchy.
(3)Level 2 within fair value hierarchy.
(4)Level 3 within fair value hierarchy.
(5)Included in other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
(6)Included in accounts payable and other liabilities on our Consolidated Balance Sheets.
For a discussion of the assumptions considered, refer to “Note 2 – Accounting Policies.” The use of different market assumptions and estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the reported estimated fair value amounts. Accordingly, the estimates presented above are not necessarily indicative of the amounts we would realize in a current market exchange.
Other Items Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
Real estate recorded as held for sale and any associated real estate impairment recorded due to the shortening of the expected hold period due to our change in intent to hold the asset (see “Note 5 – Dispositions and Impairments”) are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. We estimate the fair value of assets held for sale and any associated impairment charges based primarily on current sales price expectations, which reside within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
Real estate impairment charges recorded due to our evaluation of recoverability when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount may not be recoverable are based on company-specific inputs and our assumptions about the marketability of the properties as observable inputs are not available. As such, we have determined that these fair value measurements generally reside within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. We estimate the fair value of real estate deemed to not be recoverable using the cost or income approach and unobservable data such as net operating income and estimated
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
capitalization and discount rates, and giving consideration to local and national industry market data including comparable sales.
2023 Activity
The fair value of the collateral received in connection with the equitization of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan on May 1, 2023 was determined using fair value determinations within Level 1, 2 and 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the non-real estate assets and liabilities was based on their cost, given the short term nature of those balances and because cost was the best information available, which reside within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. The fair value of the CHC Mortgage Loan, which approximates par, was based on the absence of recent underlying trading activity, consideration of the near-term maturity date and adjustments for the credit-worthiness of the borrower, which reside within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.
The fair value of the real estate properties that secured the Santerre Mezzanine Loan of $1.566 billion (net of $31.8 million of capital expenditures) on May 1, 2023 was determined using unobservable inputs primarily within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. For SHOP and outpatient medical properties, fair value was based on either an income or market approach that took into account unobservable inputs such as direct capitalization rates, estimated NOI, market rents, costs per unit, replacement cost and estimates of future cash flows, which are based on a number of factors including historical operating results, known trends and market and economic conditions. For the majority of the SHOP properties, fair value was based on an income approach with significant unobservable inputs that included an average direct capitalization rate of 6.8% on estimated expected stabilized NOI, adjusted based on cost per unit in certain cases. For the majority of the outpatient medical properties, fair value was based on an income approach with significant unobservable inputs that included an average direct capitalization rate of 6.7% on estimated expected stabilized NOI, adjusted based on cost per square foot in certain cases. For triple-net leased properties, fair value was primarily based on an average estimated per bed value by property by state of $88,000, which was determined based on an assessment of recent transactions adjusted for property, operator and other characteristics such as contractual rent, tenant payment history, underlying operating trends, reimbursement rates and other market data.
2022 Activity
As of December 31, 2022, we recognized a $20.0 million allowance on our mezzanine loan (the “Santerre Mezzanine Loan”) to Santerre Health Investors. The Santerre Mezzanine Loan had a principal balance of $486.1 million, was priced at LIBOR + 6.42% and was freely prepayable in whole or in part subject to satisfaction of certain financial and non-financial terms and conditions. The Santerre Mezzanine Loan generated $40.0 million in loan interest income to Ventas in 2022.
The allowance for the Santerre Mezzanine Loan was calculated using the “current expected credit loss”, or “CECL”, model, which considers relevant information about past events, current conditions and reasonable and supportable forecasts to estimate expected losses as of the most recent balance sheet date. In the case of the Mezzanine Loan, the analysis took into account a variety of factors, including market conditions, cap rates for comparable assets, forecasted estimates of net operating income, discount rates, lease coverage levels and the continuing impact of COVID-19 and its secondary and tertiary effects on the operating performance of certain of the collateral, including occupancy and operating expenses such as labor. The allowance was calculated as of December 31, 2022 and did not take into account changes in the underlying facts that may have occurred after that date. The allowance was based on numerous estimates and assumptions that were inherently uncertain and subject to adjustment as the underlying facts change. The allowance may not represent the loss, if any, that we ultimately recognize.
NOTE 12 – LONG-TERM COMPENSATION
Compensation Plans
We currently have:
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one plan, the 2022 Incentive Plan, under which equity awards, including options to purchase common stock, shares of restricted stock or restricted stock units, have been or may be granted to our officers, employees and non-employee directors; and
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one plan under which our non-employee directors may elect to defer receipt of all or a portion of their cash retainers and meeting fees and receive shares of common stock in lieu thereof at a later date chosen by the participating director (the Non-Employee Directors’ Cash Compensation Deferral Plan, formerly known as the Non-Employee Directors’ Deferred Stock Compensation Plan).
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
These plans are referred to collectively as the “Plans.”
The number of shares initially reserved for issuance and the number of shares available for future grants or issuance under the Plans as of December 31, 2023 were as follows:
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2022 Incentive Plan—11.4 million shares, plus any shares of common stock subject to awards granted under the 2012 Plan as of October 1, 2022, that expire, or for any reason are forfeited, cancelled or terminated either without such shares being issued or with such shares being forfeited (such shares the “2012 Plan Shares”) were reserved initially for grants or issuance to employees and non-employee directors, and 11.0 million shares were available for future issuance as of December 31, 2023.
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Non-Employee Directors’ Cash Compensation Deferral Plan—0.6 million shares were reserved initially for issuance to participating non-employee directors in lieu of the payment of all or a portion of their retainer and meeting fees, at their option, and 0.4 million shares were available for future issuance as of December 31, 2023.
In addition, we have two plans under which outstanding options to purchase common stock, shares of restricted stock or restricted stock units have been granted to our officers, employees and non-employee directors (the 2006 Stock Plan for Directors and the 2012 Incentive Plan). New grants are not permitted under either of these plans.
Outstanding options, all of which were issued under the 2012 Plan, are exercisable at the market price on the date of grant, expire ten years from the date of grant, and are fully vested.
Stock Options
The following is a summary of stock option activity in 2023:
| Shares (000’s) | Weighted Average Exercise Price | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (years) | Intrinsic Value ($000’s) | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 | 3,574 | $ | 61.95 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Options granted | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Options exercised | (33) | 51.85 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Options forfeited | — | — | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Options expired | (84) | 56.91 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Outstanding as of December 31, 2023 | 3,457 | 62.17 | 2.2 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| Exercisable as of December 31, 2023 | 3,457 | 62.17 | 2.2 | $ | — |
Compensation costs for all share-based awards are based on the grant date fair value and are recognized on a straight-line basis during the requisite service periods, with charges primarily recorded in general, administrative and professional fees in our Consolidated Statements of Income. As of December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, there was no unrecognized compensation expense relating to stock options.
Aggregate proceeds received from options exercised under the Plans for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 were $1.7 million, $8.7 million and $9.0 million, respectively. The total intrinsic value at exercise of options exercised during the year ended December 31, 2023 was immaterial. The total intrinsic value at exercise of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $0.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively. There was no deferred income tax benefit for stock options exercised.
Restricted Stock and Restricted Stock Units
We recognize the fair value of shares of restricted stock and restricted stock units (including time-based and performance-based awards) on the grant date of the award as stock-based compensation expense over the requisite service period, with charges primarily to general, administrative and professional fees of $30.4 million, $30.7 million and $31.9 million in 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively, in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards to employees generally vest over a three-year period, while awards to non-employee directors typically vest
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
approximately one year from the date of grant. If provided in the applicable Plan or award agreement, the vesting of restricted stock and restricted stock units may accelerate upon a change of control (as defined in the applicable Plan) of Ventas and other specified events. In addition to customary change in control vesting provisions, awards generally vest on retirement provided certain conditions are met. Employees are typically not retirement eligible until age plus years of service equals 75, with a minimum age of 62; the retirement age for non-employee directors is 75.
The following is a summary of the status of our non-vested restricted stock and restricted stock units (including time-based and performance-based awards) as of December 31, 2023, and changes during the year ended December 31, 2023:
| Restricted Stock (000’s) | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | Restricted Stock Units (000’s) | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Non-vested at December 31, 2022 | 314 | $ | 51.47 | 1,128 | $ | 51.38 | |||||||||||||||||
| Granted | — | — | 620 | 51.15 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Vested | (146) | 51.80 | (370) | 50.58 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Forfeited | (12) | 51.67 | (69) | 41.34 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-vested at December 31, 2023 | 156 | 51.30 | 1,309 | 52.03 |
As of December 31, 2023, we had $17.3 million of unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted stock and restricted stock units under the Plans. We expect to recognize that cost over a weighted average period of 1.1 years. The total fair value at the vesting date for restricted stock and restricted stock units that vested during the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021 was $25.0 million, $29.6 million and $23.4 million, respectively.
Employee and Director Stock Purchase Plan
We have in effect an Employee and Director Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”) under which our employees and directors may purchase shares of our common stock at a discount. Pursuant to the terms of the ESPP, on each purchase date, participants may purchase shares of common stock at a price not less than 90% of the market price on that date (with respect to the employee tax-favored portion of the plan) and not less than 95% of the market price on that date (with respect to the additional employee and director portion of the plan). We initially reserved 3.0 million shares for issuance under the ESPP. As of December 31, 2023, 0.2 million shares had been purchased under the ESPP and 2.8 million shares were available for future issuance.
Employee Benefit Plan
We maintain a 401(k) plan that allows eligible employees to defer compensation subject to certain limitations imposed by the Code. In 2023, we made contributions for each qualifying employee of up to 4.0% of his or her salary, subject to certain limitations. During 2023, 2022 and 2021, our aggregate contributions were approximately $2.0 million, $1.6 million and $1.5 million, respectively.
NOTE 13 – INCOME TAXES
We have elected to be taxed as a REIT under the applicable provisions of the Code for every year beginning with the year ended December 31, 1999. We have also elected for certain of our subsidiaries to be treated as TRS entities, which are subject to federal, state and foreign income taxes. All entities other than the TRS entities are collectively referred to as the “REIT” within this note. Certain REIT entities are subject to foreign income tax.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Although we intend to continue to operate in a manner that will enable us to qualify as a REIT, such qualification depends upon our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, various distribution, stock ownership and other tests. Our tax treatment of distributions per common share was as follows:
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Tax treatment of distributions: | |||||||||||||||||
| Ordinary income | $ | — | $ | — | $ | — | |||||||||||
| Qualified ordinary income | 0.04468 | 0.04906 | 0.00330 | ||||||||||||||
| 199A qualified business income | 1.49465 | 1.75094 | 1.25274 | ||||||||||||||
| Long-term capital gain | 0.09136 | — | 0.16448 | ||||||||||||||
| Unrecaptured Section 1250 gain | — | — | 0.37948 | ||||||||||||||
| Non-dividend distribution | 0.16931 | — | — | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution reported for 1099-DIV purposes | 1.80000 | 1.80000 | 1.80000 | ||||||||||||||
| Add: Dividend declared in current year and taxable in following year | 0.45000 | 0.45000 | 0.45000 | ||||||||||||||
| Less: Dividend declared in prior year and taxable in current year | (0.45000) | (0.45000) | (0.45000) | ||||||||||||||
| Distribution declared per common share outstanding | $ | 1.80000 | $ | 1.80000 | $ | 1.80000 |
We believe we have met the annual REIT distribution requirement by payment of at least 90% of our estimated taxable income for 2023, 2022 and 2021. Our consolidated expense (benefit) for income taxes was as follows (dollars in thousands):
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Current - Federal | $ | 534 | $ | (2,257) | $ | 662 | |||||||||||
| Current - State | 2,564 | 2,662 | 2,116 | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred - Federal | (6,135) | 338 | 6,431 | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred - State | 230 | 1,310 | 72 | ||||||||||||||
| Current - Foreign | 2,587 | 3,217 | 3,439 | ||||||||||||||
| Deferred - Foreign | (9,319) | (22,196) | (7,893) | ||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | (9,539) | $ | (16,926) | $ | 4,827 |
The 2023 income tax benefit is primarily due to losses in certain of our TRS entities and a $3.2 million benefit from internal restructurings of U.S. TRS entities. The 2022 income tax benefit is primarily due to losses at certain TRS entities and an income tax benefit of $11.9 million from an internal restructuring of foreign TRS entities. The 2021 income tax expense is due to a $3.5 million deferred tax expense related to an internal restructuring of certain U.S. TRS entities, a $3.3 million deferred tax expense related to the revaluation of certain deferred tax liabilities as a result of enacted tax rate changes in the United Kingdom, and a $3.7 million deferred tax expense related to the release of certain residual tax effects from marketable debt securities.
Although the TRS entities and certain other foreign entities have paid minimal cash federal, state and foreign income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2023, their income tax liabilities may increase in future years as we exhaust net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards and as our operations grow. Such increases could be significant.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
A reconciliation of income tax expense and benefit, which is computed by applying the federal corporate tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, to the income tax expense and benefit is as follows (dollars in thousands):
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Tax at statutory rate on earnings from continuing operations before unconsolidated entities, noncontrolling interest and income taxes | $ | (24,272) | $ | (19,733) | $ | (34,127) | |||||||||||
| State income taxes, net of federal benefit | (839) | (5,411) | (8,256) | ||||||||||||||
| Change in valuation allowance | 20,330 | 53,117 | 59,572 | ||||||||||||||
| Tax at statutory rate on earnings not subject to federal income taxes | (7,809) | (31,528) | (22,869) | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign rate differential and foreign taxes | 43 | 123 | 4,405 | ||||||||||||||
| Change in tax status of TRS | 9,171 | (1,961) | 3,485 | ||||||||||||||
| Other differences | (6,163) | (11,533) | 2,617 | ||||||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense | $ | (9,539) | $ | (16,926) | $ | 4,827 |
Each TRS is a tax-paying component for purposes of classifying deferred tax assets and liabilities. The tax effects of temporary differences and carryforwards included in the net deferred tax liabilities are summarized as follows (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Property, primarily differences in depreciation and amortization, the tax basis of land assets and the treatment of interests and certain costs | $ | (26,071) | $ | (34,734) | $ | (58,691) | |||||||||||
| Operating loss and interest deduction carryforwards | 233,847 | 220,891 | 187,407 | ||||||||||||||
| Expense accruals and other | 26,700 | 16,723 | 21,628 | ||||||||||||||
| Valuation allowance | (257,222) | (227,960) | (198,450) | ||||||||||||||
| Net deferred tax liabilities | $ | (22,746) | $ | (25,080) | $ | (48,106) |
Our net deferred tax liability decreased $1.7 million during 2023 primarily due to the impact of operating losses at certain TRS entities and the reversal of $3.2 million of net deferred tax liabilities from an internal restructuring of TRS entities, partially offset by an increase of $12.4 million in connection with our equitization of the Santerre Mezzanine Loan on May 1, 2023. Our net deferred tax liability decreased $23.0 million during 2022 primarily due to the impact of operating losses at certain TRS entities and the reversal of $11.9 million of deferred tax liabilities from an internal restructuring of foreign TRS entities. Our net deferred tax liability decreased $4.5 million during 2021 due to a $3.5 million deferred tax expense related to an internal restructuring of certain U.S. TRS entities, a $3.3 million deferred tax expense related to the revaluation of certain deferred tax liabilities as a result of enacted tax rate changes in the United Kingdom, and a $3.7 million deferred tax expense related to the release of certain residual tax effects from marketable debt securities.
Due to uncertainty regarding the realization of certain deferred tax assets, we have established valuation allowances, primarily in connection with the NOL carryforwards related to certain TRSs. The amounts related to NOLs at the TRS entities for 2023, 2022 and 2021 are $179.0 million, $171.0 million and $140.6 million, respectively.
We are subject to corporate-level taxes (“built-in gains tax”) for any asset dispositions during the five-year period immediately after the assets were owned by a C corporation (either prior to our REIT election, through stock acquisition or merger). The amount of income potentially subject to built-in gains tax is generally equal to the lesser of the excess of the fair value of the asset over its adjusted tax basis as of the date it became a REIT asset or the actual amount of gain. Some, but not all, future gains could be offset by available NOL carryforwards.
At December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, the REIT had NOL carryforwards of $1.1 billion, $1.1 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively. Additionally, the REIT has $10.8 million of federal income tax credits that were carried over from acquisitions at December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021. These amounts can be used to offset future taxable income (or taxable income for prior years if an audit determines that tax is owed), if any. The REIT will be entitled to utilize NOLs and tax credit carryforwards only to the extent that REIT taxable income exceeds our deduction for dividends paid. Certain NOL and credit carryforwards are limited as to their utilization by Section 382 of the Code. The remaining REIT carryforwards began to expire in 2023.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, the net difference between tax bases and the reported amount of REIT assets and liabilities for federal income tax purposes was approximately $2.2 billion and $3.0 billion, respectively, less than the book bases of those assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes.
Generally, we are subject to audit under the statute of limitations by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for the year ended December 31, 2020, and subsequent years and are subject to audit by state taxing authorities for the year ended December 31, 2019 and subsequent years. We are subject to audit generally under the statutes of limitation by the Canada Revenue Agency and provincial authorities with respect to the Canadian entities for the year ended December 31, 2019 and subsequent years. We are subject to audit in the United Kingdom generally for the periods ended in and subsequent to 2022.
The following table summarizes the activity related to our unrecognized tax benefits (dollars in thousands):
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Balance as of January 1 | $ | 5,828 | $ | 6,082 | |||||||
| Additions to tax positions related to prior years | 108 | 2 | |||||||||
| Subtractions to tax positions related to prior years | (731) | (256) | |||||||||
| Balance as of December 31 | $ | 5,205 | $ | 5,828 |
Included in these unrecognized tax benefits of $5.2 million and $5.8 million at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, were $5.2 million and $5.0 million of tax benefits at December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, that, if recognized, would reduce our annual effective tax rate. We accrued no interest or penalties related to the unrecognized tax benefits during 2023. We do not expect our unrecognized tax benefits to increase or decrease materially in 2024.
As a part of the transfer pricing structure in the normal course of business, the REIT enters into transactions with certain TRSs, such as leasing and sub-management transactions, other capital financing and allocation of general and administrative costs, which transactions are intended to comply with the IRS and foreign tax authority transfer pricing rules.
NOTE 14 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
From time to time, we are party to various lawsuits, investigations, claims and other legal and regulatory proceedings arising in connection with our business. In certain circumstances, regardless of whether we are a named party in a lawsuit, investigation, claim or other legal or regulatory proceeding, we may be contractually obligated to indemnify, defend and hold harmless our tenants, operators, managers or other third parties against, or may otherwise be responsible for, such actions, proceedings or claims. These claims may include, among other things, professional liability and general liability claims, commercial liability claims, unfair business practices claims and employment claims, as well as regulatory proceedings, including proceedings related to our senior housing operating portfolio, where we are typically the holder of the applicable healthcare license. These claims may not be fully insured and some may allege large damage amounts.
It is the opinion of management, that the disposition of any such lawsuits, investigations, claims and other legal and regulatory proceedings that are currently pending will not, individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on us. However, regardless of the merits of a particular action, investigation or claim, we may be forced to expend significant financial resources to defend and resolve these matters. We are unable to predict the ultimate outcome of these lawsuits, investigations, claims and other legal and regulatory proceedings, and if management’s assessment of our liability with respect thereto is incorrect, such actions, investigations and claims could have a material adverse effect on us.
Operating Leases
We lease land, equipment and corporate office space. At inception, we establish an operating lease asset and operating lease liability represented as the present value of future minimum lease payments. As our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we use a discount rate that approximates our incremental borrowing rate available at lease commencement to determine the present value of lease payments. The incremental borrowing rates were adjusted for the length of the individual lease term. The weighted average discount rate and remaining lease term of our leases are 7.42% and 36.2 years, respectively. Operating lease assets and liabilities are not recognized for leases with an initial term of 12 months or less, as these short-term leases are accounted for similar to previous guidance.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Our lease expense primarily consists of ground leases, which is included in interest expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we recognized $37.0 million, $31.9 million and $31.9 million of expense relating to our leases, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, cash paid for leases was $29.8 million, $24.0 million and $25.1 million, respectively, as reported within operating cash outflows in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.
The following table summarizes future minimum lease obligations under non-cancelable ground and other operating leases as of December 31, 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| 2024 | $ | 21,661 | |||
| 2025 | 16,871 | ||||
| 2026 | 16,760 | ||||
| 2027 | 15,891 | ||||
| 2028 | 14,695 | ||||
| Thereafter | 598,976 | ||||
| Total undiscounted minimum lease payments | 684,854 | ||||
| Less: imputed interest | (490,120) | ||||
| Operating lease liabilities | $ | 194,734 |
NOTE 15 – EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table shows the amounts used in computing our basic and diluted earnings per share (in thousands, except per share amounts):
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Numerator for basic and diluted earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (30,297) | $ | (40,931) | $ | 56,559 | |||||||||||
| Net (loss) income | (30,297) | (40,931) | 56,559 | ||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 10,676 | 6,516 | 7,551 | ||||||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | $ | (40,973) | $ | (47,447) | $ | 49,008 | |||||||||||
| Denominator: | |||||||||||||||||
| Denominator for basic earnings per share—weighted average shares | 401,809 | 399,549 | 382,785 | ||||||||||||||
| Effect of dilutive securities: | |||||||||||||||||
| Stock options | — | — | 34 | ||||||||||||||
| Restricted stock awards | 389 | 390 | 365 | ||||||||||||||
| OP unitholder interests | 3,472 | 3,515 | 3,120 | ||||||||||||||
| Denominator for diluted earnings per share—adjusted weighted average shares | 405,670 | 403,454 | 386,304 | ||||||||||||||
| Basic earnings per share: | |||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (0.08) | $ | (0.10) | $ | 0.15 | |||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | (0.10) | (0.12) | 0.13 | ||||||||||||||
| Diluted earnings per share: (1) | |||||||||||||||||
| (Loss) income from continuing operations | $ | (0.08) | $ | (0.10) | $ | 0.15 | |||||||||||
| Net (loss) income attributable to common stockholders | (0.10) | (0.12) | 0.13 |
(1) Potential common shares are not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share when a loss from continuing operations exists as the effect would be an antidilutive per share amount.
There were 3.5 million, 3.6 million and 3.1 million anti-dilutive options outstanding for the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, respectively.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The dilutive effect of our Exchangeable Notes is calculated using the if-converted method in accordance with ASU 2020-06. We are required, pursuant to the indenture governing the Exchangeable Notes, to settle the aggregate principal amount of the Exchangeable Notes in cash and may elect to settle any remaining exchange obligation (i.e., the stock price in excess of the exchange obligation) in cash, shares of our common stock, or a combination thereof. Under the if-converted method, we include the number of shares required to satisfy the exchange obligation, assuming all the Exchangeable Notes are exchanged. The average closing price of our common stock for the year ended December 31, 2023 is used as the basis for determining the dilutive effect on earnings per share. The average price of our common stock for each of the year ended December 31, 2023 was less than the initial exchange price of $54.81 and, therefore, all associated shares were antidilutive.
NOTE 16 – PERMANENT AND TEMPORARY EQUITY
Capital Stock
We participate in an “at-the-market” equity offering program (“ATM program”), pursuant to which we may, from time to time, sell up to $1.0 billion aggregate gross sales price of shares of our common stock. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we sold 2.3 million shares of our common stock under our ATM program for gross proceeds of $110.4 million, representing an average price of $47.89 per share. There were no issuances under the ATM program for the year ended December 31, 2022. During the year ended December 31, 2021, we sold 10.9 million shares of our common stock under our previous ATM program for gross proceeds of $626.4 million at an average gross price of $57.71 per share. As of December 31, 2023, the remaining amount available under our ATM program for future sales of common stock was $889.6 million.
Excess Share Provision
Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (our “Charter”) contains restrictions on the ownership and transfer of our common and preferred stock to enable us to preserve our REIT status. Our Charter provides certain specified remedies if a transfer would violate one of the ownership limitations. In particular, if a person acquires beneficial or constructive ownership of more than the ownership limit (currently, 9.0%, in number or value, of our outstanding common stock or 9.9%, in number or value, of our outstanding preferred stock), or in violation of certain other limitations set forth in our Charter, then the shares that are beneficially or constructively owned in excess of the relevant limitation are considered to be “excess shares.” Excess shares are automatically deemed transferred to a trust for the benefit of a charitable institution or other qualifying organization selected by our Board of Directors. The trust is entitled to all dividends with respect to the excess shares, and the trustee may exercise all voting power over the excess shares.
We have the right to buy the excess shares for a purchase price equal to the lesser of the price per share in the transaction that created the excess shares or the market price on the date we buy the shares, and we may defer payment of the purchase price for up to five years. If we do not purchase the excess shares, the trustee of the trust is required to transfer the excess shares at the direction of our Board of Directors. The owner of the excess shares is entitled to receive the lesser of the proceeds from the sale of the excess shares or the original purchase price for such excess shares, and any additional amounts are payable to the beneficiary of the trust. As of December 31, 2023, there were no shares in the trust. Our Charter also provides that a transfer of shares of common or preferred stock that would otherwise result in ownership, under the applicable attribution rules of the Code, of shares in excess of the ownership limit, would cause our shares to be beneficially owned by fewer than 100 persons, or would result in our being “closely held” (within the meaning of Section 856(h) of the Code), will be void and the purported transferee will acquire no rights in the shares.
Our Board of Directors is empowered to grant waivers from the excess share provisions of our Charter under certain circumstances.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
The following is a summary of our accumulated other comprehensive loss (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | ||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation loss | $ | (56,596) | $ | (60,364) | |||||||
| Unrealized (loss) gain on available for sale securities | (1,256) | — | |||||||||
| Unrealized gain on derivative instruments | 22,095 | 23,564 | |||||||||
| Total accumulated other comprehensive loss | $ | (35,757) | $ | (36,800) |
Redeemable OP Unitholder and Noncontrolling Interests
The following is a roll-forward of our redeemable OP unitholder and noncontrolling interests for 2023 (dollars in thousands):
| Redeemable OP Unitholder Interests | Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests | Total Redeemable OP Unitholder and Noncontrolling Interests | ||||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2022 | $ | 162,663 | $ | 101,987 | $ | 264,650 | ||||||||||||||
| New issuances | — | 17,997 | 17,997 | |||||||||||||||||
| Change in fair value | 18,056 | 13,498 | 31,554 | |||||||||||||||||
| Dispositions | — | (4,298) | (4,298) | |||||||||||||||||
| Distributions and other | (6,218) | — | (6,218) | |||||||||||||||||
| Redemptions | (1,049) | — | (1,049) | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance as of December 31, 2023 | $ | 173,452 | $ | 129,184 | $ | 302,636 |
NOTE 17 – RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Atria provides comprehensive property management and accounting services with respect to our senior housing communities that Atria operates, for which we pay annual management fees pursuant to long-term management agreements. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we incurred fees to Atria of $63.4 million, $61.5 million and $50.8 million, respectively, the majority of which are recorded within property-level operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Income. For the year ended December 31, 2023, we incurred fees to Atria of $1.5 million primarily in connection with the transition of senior housing communities operated by Atria, which are recorded within transaction, transition and restructuring costs in our Consolidated Statements of Income. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, we paid fees to Atria of $6.1 million and $20.3 million, respectively, in connection with the sale or transition of senior housing communities operated by Atria. These fees are considered transaction costs and are primarily recorded within depreciation and amortization expense in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
We hold a 34% ownership interest in Atria, which entitles us to customary minority rights and protections, including the right to appoint two members to the Atria Board of Directors.
As of December 31, 2023, we leased 11 hospitals to Ardent pursuant to a single, triple-net master lease agreement. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we recognized rental income from Ardent of $133.7 million, $130.5 million and $127.2 million, respectively, relating to the Ardent master lease. As of December 31, 2023, we also leased 19 outpatient medical buildings to Ardent under separate leases included in our outpatient medical and research portfolio segment and recognized rental income of $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023.
As of December 31, 2023, we held a 7.5% ownership interest in Ardent, which entitles us to customary minority rights and protections, including the right to appoint one member to the Ardent Board of Directors. In May 2023, we sold approximately 24% of our ownership interest in Ardent to a third-party investor for $50.1 million in total proceeds. As a result of the sale, we recognized $33.5 million of gain for the year ended December 31, 2023 in income from unconsolidated entities in our Consolidated Statements of Income and our ownership interest in Ardent was reduced from 9.8% to 7.5%.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
PMBRES provides outpatient medical building management, leasing, marketing, facility development and advisory services to highly rated hospitals and other healthcare facilities throughout the United States, for which we pay management fees and leasing commissions pursuant to long-term management agreements. For the years ended December 31, 2023, 2022 and 2021, we incurred fees to PMBRES of $10.9 million, $8.5 million and $9.2 million, respectively. Management fees are recorded within property-level operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Income. Leasing commissions are recorded within other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets and amortized over the life of the related lease.
We hold a 50% ownership interest in PMBRES, which entitles us to customary rights and protections, including the right to appoint two members to the PMBRES Board of Directors.
ESL ceased operation of its management business in early 2022 following completion of the transition of 90 senior housing communities to other operators. We held a 34% ownership interest in ESL, which entitled us to customary minority rights and protections, including the right to appoint two members to the ESL Board of Directors. ESL provided comprehensive property management and accounting services with respect to our senior housing communities that ESL operated, for which we paid annual management fees pursuant to a management agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2021, we incurred $11.8 million of fees to ESL, the majority of which are recorded within property-level operating expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Income. For the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022, no fees were incurred. In connection with the transition of the operations of 90 senior housing communities in 2021, we paid ESL $24.0 million, which is recorded within transaction, transition and restructuring costs in our Consolidated Statements of Income.
NOTE 18 – SEGMENT INFORMATION
As of December 31, 2023, we operated through three reportable business segments: SHOP, outpatient medical and research portfolio and triple-net leased properties. In our SHOP segment, we invest in senior housing communities throughout the United States and Canada and engage operators to operate those communities. In our outpatient medical and research portfolio segment, we primarily acquire, own, develop, lease and manage outpatient medical buildings and research centers throughout the United States. In our triple-net leased properties segment, we invest in and own senior housing communities, skilled nursing facilities (“SNFs”), long-term acute care facilities (“LTACs”), freestanding inpatient rehabilitation facilities (“IRFs”) and other healthcare facilities throughout the United States and the United Kingdom and lease those properties to tenants under triple-net or absolute-net leases that obligate the tenants to pay all property-related expenses, including maintenance, utilities, repairs, taxes, insurance and capital expenditures. Information provided for “non-segment” includes management fees and promote revenues, net of expenses related to our third-party institutional capital management business, income from loans and investments and various corporate-level expenses not directly attributable to any of our three reportable business segments. Non-segment assets consist primarily of corporate assets, including cash, restricted cash, loans receivable and investments and miscellaneous accounts receivable as well as investments in unconsolidated entities including VIM.
Our chief operating decision maker evaluates performance of the combined properties in each reportable business segment and determines how to allocate resources to those segments, in significant part, based on NOI and related measures for each segment. We define NOI as total revenues, less interest and other income, property-level operating expenses and third-party capital management expenses. We consider NOI useful because it allows investors, analysts and our management to measure unlevered property-level operating results and to compare our operating results to the operating results of other real estate companies between periods on a consistent basis. In order to facilitate a clear understanding of our historical consolidated operating results, NOI should be examined in conjunction with net income attributable to common stockholders as presented in our Consolidated Financial Statements and other financial data included elsewhere in this Annual Report. See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” included elsewhere in this Annual Report for additional disclosure and reconciliations of net income attributable to common stockholders, as computed in accordance with GAAP, to NOI.
Interest expense, depreciation and amortization, general, administrative and professional fees, income tax expense and other non-property-specific revenues and expenses are not allocated to individual reportable business segments for purposes of assessing segment performance. There are no intersegment sales or transfers.
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Summary information by reportable business segment is as follows (dollars in thousands):
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2023 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SHOP | Outpatient Medical and Research Portfolio | Triple-Net Leased Properties | Non-Segment | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | — | $ | 867,193 | $ | 619,208 | $ | — | $ | 1,486,401 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Resident fees and services | 2,959,219 | — | — | — | 2,959,219 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management revenues | — | 2,515 | — | 15,326 | 17,841 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from loans and investments | — | — | — | 22,952 | 22,952 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | — | — | — | 11,414 | 11,414 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 2,959,219 | $ | 869,708 | $ | 619,208 | $ | 49,692 | $ | 4,497,827 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 2,959,219 | $ | 869,708 | $ | 619,208 | $ | 49,692 | $ | 4,497,827 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | — | — | — | 11,414 | 11,414 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property-level operating expenses | 2,247,812 | 292,776 | 14,557 | — | 2,555,145 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management expenses | — | — | — | 6,101 | 6,101 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOI | $ | 711,407 | $ | 576,932 | $ | 604,651 | $ | 32,177 | 1,925,167 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | 11,414 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (574,112) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (1,392,461) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General, administrative and professional fees | (148,876) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on extinguishment of debt, net | 6,104 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction, transition and restructuring costs | (15,215) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance on loans receivable and investments | 20,270 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on foreclosure of real estate | 29,127 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other income | 23,001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated entities | 13,626 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on real estate dispositions | 62,119 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | 9,539 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from continuing operations | (30,297) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (30,297) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 10,676 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | (40,973) |
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SHOP | Outpatient Medical and Research Portfolio | Triple-Net Leased Properties | Non-Segment | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | — | $ | 801,159 | $ | 598,154 | $ | — | $ | 1,399,313 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Resident fees and services | 2,651,886 | — | — | — | 2,651,886 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management revenues | — | 2,448 | — | 23,751 | 26,199 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from loans and investments | — | — | — | 48,160 | 48,160 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | — | — | — | 3,635 | 3,635 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 2,651,886 | $ | 803,607 | $ | 598,154 | $ | 75,546 | $ | 4,129,193 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 2,651,886 | $ | 803,607 | $ | 598,154 | $ | 75,546 | $ | 4,129,193 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | — | — | — | 3,635 | 3,635 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property-level operating expenses | 2,004,420 | 257,003 | 15,301 | — | 2,276,724 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management expenses | — | — | — | 6,194 | 6,194 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOI | $ | 647,466 | $ | 546,604 | $ | 582,853 | $ | 65,717 | 1,842,640 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | 3,635 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (467,557) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (1,197,798) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General, administrative and professional fees | (144,874) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt, net | (581) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction, transition and restructuring costs | (30,884) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance on loans receivable and investments | (19,757) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shareholder relations matters | (20,693) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense | (58,268) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated entities | 28,500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on real estate dispositions | 7,780 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax benefit | 16,926 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss from continuing operations | (40,931) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss | (40,931) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 6,516 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net loss attributable to common stockholders | $ | (47,447) |
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
| For the Year Ended December 31, 2021 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| SHOP | Outpatient Medical and Research Portfolio | Triple-Net Leased Properties | Non-Segment | Total | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rental income | $ | — | $ | 794,297 | $ | 653,823 | $ | — | $ | 1,448,120 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Resident fees and services | 2,270,001 | — | — | — | 2,270,001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management revenues | — | 8,384 | — | 11,712 | 20,096 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from loans and investments | — | — | — | 74,981 | 74,981 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | — | — | — | 14,809 | 14,809 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 2,270,001 | $ | 802,681 | $ | 653,823 | $ | 101,502 | $ | 3,828,007 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 2,270,001 | $ | 802,681 | $ | 653,823 | $ | 101,502 | $ | 3,828,007 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Less: | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | — | — | — | 14,809 | 14,809 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Property-level operating expenses | 1,811,728 | 257,001 | 15,335 | — | 2,084,064 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Third party capital management expenses | — | 1,798 | — | 2,635 | 4,433 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| NOI | $ | 458,273 | $ | 543,882 | $ | 638,488 | $ | 84,058 | 1,724,701 | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | 14,809 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (440,089) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | (1,197,403) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| General, administrative and professional fees | (129,758) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Loss on extinguishment of debt, net | (59,299) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Transaction, transition and restructuring costs | (47,318) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Allowance on loans receivable and investments | 9,082 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other expense | (37,110) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from unconsolidated entities | 4,983 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gain on real estate dispositions | 218,788 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income tax expense | (4,827) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Income from continuing operations | 56,559 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income | 56,559 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests | 7,551 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Net income attributable to common stockholders | $ | 49,008 |
Assets by reportable business segment are as follows (dollars in thousands):
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Assets: | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||
| SHOP | $ | 12,864,029 | 52.0 | % | $ | 12,369,218 | 51.2 | % | |||||||||||||||
| Outpatient medical and research portfolio | 6,943,446 | 28.1 | 6,558,416 | 27.1 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Triple-net leased properties | 4,120,691 | 16.7 | 4,272,303 | 17.7 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-segment | 797,267 | 3.2 | 957,903 | 4.0 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Total assets | $ | 24,725,433 | 100.0 | % | $ | 24,157,840 | 100.0 | % |
VENTAS, INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Capital expenditures, including investments in real estate property and development project expenditures, by reportable business segment are as follows (dollars in thousands):
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| Capital Expenditures: | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||
| SHOP | $ | 409,105 | $ | 423,420 | $ | 1,463,551 | |||||||||||
| Outpatient medical and research portfolio | 231,855 | 472,662 | 245,546 | ||||||||||||||
| Triple-net leased properties | 8,511 | 4,614 | 92,924 | ||||||||||||||
| Total capital expenditures | $ | 649,471 | $ | 900,696 | $ | 1,802,021 |
Our portfolio of properties and mortgage loan and other investments are located in the United States, Canada and the United Kingdom. Revenues are attributed to an individual country based on the location of each property. Geographic information regarding our operations is as follows (dollars in thousands):
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| Revenues: | 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||
| United States | $ | 4,004,173 | $ | 3,652,327 | $ | 3,363,197 | |||||||||||
| Canada | 464,772 | 449,091 | 434,862 | ||||||||||||||
| United Kingdom | 28,882 | 27,775 | 29,948 | ||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 4,497,827 | $ | 4,129,193 | $ | 3,828,007 |
| As of December 31, | |||||||||||
| Net Real Estate Property: | 2023 | 2022 | |||||||||
| United States | $ | 18,702,960 | $ | 18,168,224 | |||||||
| Canada | 2,837,858 | 2,782,350 | |||||||||
| United Kingdom | 208,132 | 209,876 | |||||||||
| Total net real estate property | $ | 21,748,950 | $ | 21,160,450 |
VENTAS, INC.
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
(Dollars in thousands)
| For the Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | |||||||||||||||
| Reconciliation of real estate: | |||||||||||||||||
| Carrying cost: | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period | $ | 28,768,409 | $ | 28,479,870 | $ | 26,850,442 | |||||||||||
| Additions during period: | |||||||||||||||||
| Acquisitions | 1,437,729 | 460,959 | 2,413,570 | ||||||||||||||
| Capital expenditures | 645,596 | 443,710 | 423,752 | ||||||||||||||
| Deductions during period: | |||||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | (776,041) | (350,188) | 17,030 | ||||||||||||||
| Other (1) | 90,105 | (265,942) | (1,224,924) | ||||||||||||||
| Balance at end of period | $ | 30,165,798 | $ | 28,768,409 | $ | 28,479,870 | |||||||||||
| Accumulated depreciation: | |||||||||||||||||
| Balance at beginning of period | $ | 8,231,160 | $ | 7,433,480 | $ | 6,967,413 | |||||||||||
| Additions during period: | |||||||||||||||||
| Depreciation expense | 937,767 | 907,134 | 865,627 | ||||||||||||||
| Dispositions: | |||||||||||||||||
| Sales and/or transfers to assets held for sale | (190,666) | (72,047) | (401,208) | ||||||||||||||
| Foreign currency translation | 37,912 | (37,407) | 1,648 | ||||||||||||||
| Balance at end of period | $ | 9,016,173 | $ | 8,231,160 | $ | 7,433,480 |
(1)Other may include sales, transfers to assets held for sale and impairments.
VENTAS, INC.
SCHEDULE III - REAL ESTATE AND ACCUMULATED DEPRECIATION
December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands**)**
| Initial Cost to Company | Gross Amount Carried at Close of Period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Count | Encumbrances | Land and Improvements | Buildings and Improvements | Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (1) | Land and Improvements | Buildings and Improvements | Total | Accumulated Depreciation | Net Book Value | Year of Construction | Year Acquired | Life on which Depreciation In Income Statement is Computed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UNITED STATES PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Housing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atria Senior Living | 184 | $ | 870,545 | $ | 548,951 | $ | 4,982,539 | $ | 720,154 | $ | 578,414 | $ | 5,673,231 | $ | 6,251,645 | $ | 1,918,046 | $ | 4,333,598 | 1835 - 2013 | 2007 - 2021 | 13 - 54 years | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Brookdale Senior Living | 130 | 48,040 | 192,994 | 2,047,145 | 151,037 | 193,627 | 2,197,549 | 2,391,176 | 1,036,727 | 1,354,449 | 1915 - 2012 | 2004 - 2021 | 24 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sunrise Senior Living | 75 | — | 184,905 | 1,976,814 | 200,637 | 197,031 | 2,165,325 | 2,362,356 | 1,054,605 | 1,307,751 | 1987 - 2009 | 2007 - 2012 | 35 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sinceri Senior Living | 34 | — | 59,273 | 580,266 | 67,694 | 58,964 | 648,269 | 707,233 | 256,006 | 451,227 | 1974 - 2005 | 2006 - 2015 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Priority Life Care Properties | 33 | 38,716 | 47,800 | 455,250 | 56,710 | 48,824 | 510,936 | 559,760 | 160,709 | 399,051 | 1920 - 2009 | 2006 - 2021 | 29 - 51 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sodalis Senior Living | 29 | — | 51,880 | 435,568 | 34,730 | 52,488 | 469,690 | 522,178 | 137,889 | 384,289 | 1987 - 2009 | 2006 - 2021 | 14 - 47 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Discovery Senior Living | 23 | 28,525 | 35,757 | 394,045 | 44,023 | 36,848 | 436,977 | 473,825 | 147,233 | 326,592 | 1984 - 2009 | 2006 - 2021 | 24 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Koelsch Senior Communities | 19 | 64,851 | 27,721 | 292,414 | 13,285 | 28,131 | 305,289 | 333,420 | 74,585 | 258,835 | 1972 - 2017 | 2011 - 2017 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Lifestyle | 16 | — | 55,911 | 553,261 | 9,620 | 57,031 | 561,761 | 618,792 | 54,740 | 564,052 | 1982 - 2012 | 2011 - 2023 | 33 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Meridian Senior Living | 14 | — | 19,090 | 104,237 | (1,158) | 19,090 | 103,079 | 122,169 | 25,070 | 97,099 | 1972 - 2012 | 2011 - 2023 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Azura Memory Care | 13 | — | 6,361 | 53,002 | 7,195 | 7,200 | 59,358 | 66,558 | 22,788 | 43,770 | 1990 - 2019 | 2011 - 2019 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Matthews Senior Living | 12 | — | 11,200 | 21,161 | (17,358) | 6,732 | 8,271 | 15,003 | 8,491 | 6,512 | 1985 - 2007 | 2011 - 2011 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Milestone Retirement Communities | 11 | — | 16,810 | 183,225 | 11,615 | 16,810 | 194,840 | 211,650 | 53,037 | 158,613 | 1965 - 2011 | 2011 - 2014 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| American House | 11 | — | 5,438 | 124,369 | 18,494 | 6,842 | 141,459 | 148,301 | 59,778 | 88,523 | 1998 - 2000 | 2006 - 2014 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Avamere Family of Companies | 11 | — | 20,407 | 113,192 | 12,774 | 20,653 | 125,720 | 146,373 | 45,936 | 100,437 | 1998 - 2012 | 2011 - 2015 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hawthorn Senior Living | 10 | 56,314 | 35,668 | 220,099 | 16,474 | 35,862 | 236,379 | 272,241 | 23,244 | 248,997 | 1998 - 2008 | 2021 - 2021 | 27 - 50 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sonida Senior Living | 10 | — | 14,080 | 118,512 | 30,750 | 14,505 | 148,837 | 163,342 | 66,418 | 96,924 | 1977 - 1998 | 2005 - 2012 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ridgeline Management Company | 10 | — | 11,405 | 94,242 | 6,478 | 11,405 | 100,720 | 112,125 | 32,968 | 79,157 | 1972 - 2007 | 2011 - 2021 | 11 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Senior Housing Operators | 64 | 110,220 | 91,739 | 778,568 | 35,133 | 89,651 | 815,789 | 905,440 | 268,815 | 636,625 | 1987 - 2020 | 2004 - 2023 | 12 - 39 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Senior Housing | — | — | 336 | — | — | 336 | 336 | — | 336 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Senior Housing | 709 | 1,217,211 | 1,437,390 | 13,528,245 | 1,418,287 | 1,480,108 | 14,903,815 | 16,383,923 | 5,447,085 | 10,936,837 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Outpatient Medical Buildings | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lillibridge | 219 | 36,718 | 169,535 | 2,142,552 | 592,090 | 170,792 | 2,733,385 | 2,904,177 | 1,112,022 | 1,792,155 | 1960 - 2016 | 2004 - 2023 | 4 - 39 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| PMB RES | 40 | 206,039 | 81,666 | 992,528 | 137,622 | 83,314 | 1,128,502 | 1,211,816 | 399,496 | 812,320 | 1972 - 2019 | 2011 - 2023 | 19 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cornerstone Companies, Inc. | 26 | — | 28,336 | 156,018 | — | 28,336 | 156,018 | 184,354 | 4,390 | 179,964 | 1975 - 2012 | 2023 - 2023 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ardent Health Services | 19 | — | 5,638 | 214,808 | 600 | 5,638 | 215,408 | 221,046 | 14,139 | 206,907 | 1974 - 2011 | 2018 - 2022 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Memorial Health System | 12 | — | 2,346 | 25,031 | 13,166 | 2,451 | 38,092 | 40,543 | 23,025 | 17,518 | 1976 - 2002 | 2010 - 2010 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Medical Buildings Operators | 89 | — | 136,691 | 1,012,745 | 49,447 | 133,519 | 1,065,364 | 1,198,883 | 320,343 | 878,540 | 1954 - 2019 | 2004 - 2023 | 25 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Medical Buildings | 10,348 | 3,644 | 36,062 | — | 3,644 | 36,062 | 39,706 | 2,366 | 37,340 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Outpatient Medical Buildings | 405 | 253,105 | 427,856 | 4,579,744 | 792,925 | 427,694 | 5,372,831 | 5,800,525 | 1,875,781 | 3,924,744 |
| Initial Cost to Company | Gross Amount Carried at Close of Period | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Description | Count | Encumbrances | Land and Improvements | Buildings and Improvements | Costs Capitalized Subsequent to Acquisition (1) | Land and Improvements | Buildings and Improvements | Total | Accumulated Depreciation | Net Book Value | Year of Construction | Year Acquired | Life on which Depreciation In Income Statement is Computed | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Research | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wexford | 27 | 227,600 | 71,764 | 1,429,367 | 69,967 | 70,447 | 1,500,651 | 1,571,098 | 329,464 | 1,241,634 | 1923 - 2019 | 2016 - 2022 | 15 - 60 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Research Operators | 2 | — | 1,194 | 76,515 | 107 | 1,194 | 76,622 | 77,816 | 9,758 | 68,058 | 2010 - 2016 | 2020 - 2020 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Research | — | 65,513 | 111,384 | — | 65,513 | 111,384 | 176,897 | 6,555 | 170,342 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Research | 29 | 227,600 | 138,471 | 1,617,266 | 70,074 | 137,154 | 1,688,657 | 1,825,811 | 345,777 | 1,480,034 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| IRFs & LTACs | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kindred Healthcare | 29 | — | 33,385 | 222,156 | (1,000) | 32,385 | 222,156 | 254,541 | 208,817 | 45,724 | 1937 - 1995 | 1976 - 2020 | 20 - 40 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other IRFs & LTACs | 14 | — | 18,641 | 198,449 | 1,068 | 18,641 | 199,517 | 218,158 | 50,504 | 167,654 | 1989 - 2013 | 2011 - 2023 | 35 - 36 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total IRFs & LTACs | 43 | — | 52,026 | 420,605 | 68 | 51,026 | 421,673 | 472,699 | 259,321 | 213,378 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Healthcare Facilities | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ardent Health Services | 10 | — | 98,428 | 1,126,010 | 78,104 | 97,416 | 1,205,126 | 1,302,542 | 288,219 | 1,014,323 | 1928 - 2020 | 2015 - 2020 | 20 - 47 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Skilled Nursing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Genesis Healthcare | 12 | — | 11,350 | 164,745 | (5,708) | 11,350 | 159,037 | 170,387 | 77,602 | 92,785 | 1897 - 1995 | 2004 - 2011 | 30 - 35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wellington | 10 | — | 14,744 | 93,096 | — | 14,744 | 93,096 | 107,840 | 2,709 | 105,131 | 1969 - 1998 | 2023 - 2023 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Skilled Nursing Operators | 22 | — | 31,502 | 192,512 | 1,405 | 31,682 | 193,737 | 225,419 | 19,126 | 206,293 | 1920 - 2000 | 1991 - 2023 | 29 - 40 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Skilled Nursing | 44 | — | 57,596 | 450,353 | (4,303) | 57,776 | 445,870 | 503,646 | 99,437 | 404,209 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| CANADIAN PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Housing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Le Groupe Maurice | 36 | 1,185,492 | 162,989 | 1,967,564 | 8,027 | 162,795 | 1,975,785 | 2,138,580 | 202,246 | 1,936,334 | 2000 - 2023 | 2019 - 2023 | 40 - 60 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atria Senior Living | 29 | 294,515 | 75,553 | 845,363 | (47,026) | 68,536 | 805,354 | 873,890 | 269,485 | 604,405 | 1988 - 2008 | 2014 - 2014 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sunrise Senior Living | 12 | — | 46,600 | 418,821 | (62,383) | 39,383 | 363,655 | 403,038 | 175,692 | 227,346 | 2000 - 2007 | 2007 - 2007 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Senior Housing Operators | 6 | — | 25,172 | 146,694 | (5,960) | 24,011 | 141,895 | 165,906 | 10,768 | 155,138 | 2006 - 2012 | 2021 - 2021 | 35 -35 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Other Senior Housing | 28,228 | 3,784 | 60,605 | — | 3,784 | 60,605 | 64,389 | — | 64,389 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total Senior Housing | 83 | 1,508,235 | 314,098 | 3,439,047 | (107,342) | 298,509 | 3,347,294 | 3,645,803 | 658,191 | 2,987,612 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| UNITED KINGDOM PROPERTIES | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Senior Housing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Canford Healthcare Limited | 12 | — | 42,445 | 84,181 | (17,168) | 36,864 | 72,594 | 109,458 | 19,818 | 89,640 | 1980 - 2014 | 2015 - 2017 | 40 - 40 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| International Hospital | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Spire Healthcare | 3 | — | 11,903 | 136,628 | (27,140) | 9,727 | 111,664 | 121,391 | 22,544 | 98,847 | 1980 - 2010 | 2014 - 2014 | 50 - 50 years | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| TOTAL | 1,338 | $ | 3,206,151 | $ | 2,580,213 | $ | 25,382,079 | $ | 2,203,505 | $ | 2,596,274 | $ | 27,569,524 | $ | 30,165,798 | $ | 9,016,173 | $ | 21,149,625 |
(1) Adjustments to basis included provisions for asset impairments, partial dispositions, costs capitalized subsequent to acquisitions and foreign currency translation adjustments.
VENTAS, INC.
SCHEDULE IV - MORTGAGE LOANS ON REAL ESTATE
December 31, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)
| Location | Interest Rate | Fixed / Variable | Maturity Date | Periodic Payment Terms | Prior Liens | Face Amount of Mortgages | Carrying Amount of Mortgages | Principal Amount of Loans Subject to Delinquent Principal or Interest | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First mortgage relating to one senior housing property located in: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pennsylvania | Term SOFR plus 3.75% | Variable | 11/4/2027 | Interest only; principal payments start in 2024 | $ | — | $ | 18,161 | $ | 18,161 | $ | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First mortgage relating to two senior housing properties located in: | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Texas | Lesser of 9.50% or SOFR + 5.50% | Variable | 6/16/2024 | Interest only | — | 7,950 | 7,926 | — | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | $ | — | $ | 26,111 | $ | 26,087 | $ | — |
Reconciliation of Mortgage Loans:
| Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
| 2023 | 2022 | 2021 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Beginning Balance | $ | 491,334 | $ | 486,200 | $ | 552,797 | ||||||||||||||
| Additions: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| New loans | — | 25,247 | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Construction draws | 835 | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Total additions | 835 | 25,247 | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Deductions: | ||||||||||||||||||||
| Principal repayments | — | (113) | (66,597) | |||||||||||||||||
| Conversions to Real Property | (486,082) | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Allowance | 20,000 | (20,000) | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Total deductions | (466,082) | (20,113) | (66,597) | |||||||||||||||||
| Effect of foreign currency translation | — | — | — | |||||||||||||||||
| Ending Balance | $ | 26,087 | $ | 491,334 | $ | 486,200 |
Previous: Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk · Next: Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure