Item 2. PROPERTIES

W. R. Berkley and its subsidiaries own or lease office buildings or office space suitable to conduct their operations. At December 31, 2022, the Company had aggregate office space of 4,295,165 square feet, of which 1,048,136 were owned and 3,247,029 were leased.

Rental expense for the Company's operations was approximately $43,383,000, $44,051,000 and $44,291,000 for 2022, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Future minimum lease payments, without provision for sublease income, are $32,282,796 in 2023, $33,528,105 in 2024 and $599,371,375 thereafter.