Item 1. Financial Statements

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Item 1. Financial Statements

BLOCK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except per share data)

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Assets(Unaudited)
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents$7,799,093$4,996,465
Investments in short-term debt securities658,001851,901
Settlements receivable3,964,2143,226,294
Customer funds3,550,7133,170,430
Consumer receivables, net2,015,9402,444,695
Loans held for sale961,581775,424
Safeguarding asset related to bitcoin held for other parties1,440,3071,038,585
Other current assets1,901,4292,353,488
Total current assets22,291,27818,857,282
Goodwill11,822,26011,919,720
Acquired intangible assets, net1,629,1831,761,521
Other non-current assets1,803,8791,531,370
Total assets$37,546,600$34,069,893
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current liabilities:
Customers payable$8,059,588$6,795,340
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities1,268,7931,334,669
Current portion of long-term debt (Note 12)997,958—
Warehouse funding facilities, current464,047753,035
Safeguarding obligation liability related to bitcoin held for other parties1,440,3071,038,585
Total current liabilities12,230,6939,921,629
Warehouse funding facilities, non-current481,742854,882
Long-term debt (Note 12)5,101,0234,120,091
Other non-current liabilities440,147480,455
Total liabilities18,253,60515,377,057
Commitments and contingencies (Note 17)
Stockholders’ equity:
Preferred stock, $0.0000001 par value: 100,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. None issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.——
Class A common stock, $0.0000001 par value: 1,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023; 557,206 and 555,306 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.——
Class B common stock, $0.0000001 par value: 500,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023; 60,411 and 60,515 issued and outstanding at June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.——
Additional paid-in capital19,695,52119,601,992
Accumulated other comprehensive loss(532,369)(378,307)
Retained earnings (accumulated deficit)138,844(528,429)
Total stockholders’ equity attributable to common stockholders19,301,99618,695,256
Noncontrolling interests(9,001)(2,420)
Total stockholders’ equity19,292,99518,692,836
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity$37,546,600$34,069,893

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

BLOCK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands, except per share data)

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Revenue:
Transaction-based revenue$1,712,967$1,637,654$3,224,176$3,060,359
Subscription and services-based revenue1,787,8931,461,4973,470,1872,827,721
Hardware revenue42,96044,92275,46182,373
Bitcoin revenue2,611,7432,390,8845,342,8674,554,635
Total net revenue6,155,5635,534,95712,112,69110,525,088
Cost of revenue:
Transaction-based costs1,000,055950,5231,873,2201,771,310
Subscription and services-based costs291,801279,223561,469543,315
Hardware costs68,30974,085119,094132,870
Bitcoin costs2,544,3292,346,6335,195,3394,460,008
Amortization of acquired technology assets17,58918,39235,61636,900
Total cost of revenue3,922,0833,668,8567,784,7386,944,403
Gross profit2,233,4801,866,1014,327,9533,580,685
Operating expenses:
Product development713,163694,6721,433,7371,321,609
Sales and marketing507,562537,607951,4471,033,618
General and administrative473,568549,293944,828982,118
Transaction, loan, and consumer receivable losses191,812179,771357,541307,667
Amortization of customer and other acquired intangible assets40,81336,86584,09573,952
Total operating expenses1,926,9181,998,2083,771,6483,718,964
Operating income (loss)306,562(132,107)556,305(138,279)
Interest income, net(1,871)(3,944)(20,616)(7,105)
Other expense (income), net59,532(14,635)(178,292)(92,352)
Income (loss) before income tax248,901(113,528)755,213(38,822)
Provision (benefit) for income taxes59,029(8,150)94,521(29,272)
Net income (loss)189,872(105,378)660,692(9,550)
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(5,396)(3,336)(6,581)(5,824)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$195,268$(102,042)$667,273$(3,726)
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic$0.32$(0.17)$1.08$(0.01)
Diluted$0.31$(0.17)$1.05$(0.01)
Weighted-average shares used to compute net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic617,666606,692617,033604,476
Diluted634,221606,692636,751604,476

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

BLOCK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Net income (loss)$189,872$(105,378)$660,692$(9,550)
Net foreign currency translation adjustments (i)125,95128,716(158,223)(35,165)
Net unrealized gain on marketable debt securities1,8836,4674,16120,877
Total comprehensive income (loss)$317,706$(70,195)$506,630$(23,838)

(i) Includes a foreign currency translation gain related to goodwill of $100.9 million and loss of $97.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively. The three and six months ended June 30, 2023 includes a foreign currency translation gain related to goodwill of $24.8 million and loss of $22.8 million, respectively.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

BLOCK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

Class A and B common stockCommon stock and additional paid-inAccumulated other comprehensiveRetained earnings (accumulatedNoncontrollingTotal stockholders’
sharescapitallossdeficit)interestsequity
Balance at December 31, 2023615,821$19,601,992$(378,307)$(528,429)$(2,420)$18,692,836
Net income———472,005(1,185)470,820
Shares issued in connection with employee stock plans4,80619,943———19,943
Repurchases of common stock(3,563)(252,095)———(252,095)
Change in other comprehensive loss——(281,896)——(281,896)
Share-based compensation—317,588———317,588
Balance at March 31, 2024617,064$19,687,428$(660,203)$(56,424)$(3,605)$18,967,196
Net income———195,268(5,396)189,872
Shares issued in connection with employee stock plans6,29566,258———66,258
Repurchases of common stock(5,742)(389,508)———(389,508)
Change in other comprehensive loss——127,834——127,834
Share-based compensation—331,343———331,343
Balance at June 30, 2024617,617$19,695,521$(532,369)$138,844$(9,001)$19,292,995
Class A and B common stockCommon stock and additional paid-inAccumulated other comprehensiveAccumulatedNoncontrollingTotal stockholders’
sharescapitallossdeficitinterestsequity
Balance at December 31, 2022600,060$18,314,681$(523,090)$(568,712)$28,476$17,251,355
Cumulative adjustment due to adoption of ASU 2023-08———30,511—30,511
Net income———98,316(2,488)95,828
Shares issued in connection with employee stock plans3,3336,825———6,825
Change in other comprehensive loss——(49,471)——(49,471)
Share-based compensation—285,502———285,502
Balance at March 31, 2023603,393$18,607,008$(572,561)$(439,885)$25,988$17,620,550
Net loss———(102,042)(3,336)(105,378)
Shares issued in connection with employee stock plans5,47959,137———59,137
Change in other comprehensive loss——35,183——35,183
Share-based compensation—326,445———326,445
Balance at June 30, 2023608,872$18,992,590$(537,378)$(541,927)$22,652$17,935,937

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

BLOCK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

Six Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income (loss)$660,692$(9,550)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization194,543187,718
Amortization of discounts and premiums and other non-cash adjustments(537,806)(221,679)
Non-cash lease expense31,47594,416
Share-based compensation631,791598,845
Loss (gain) on revaluation of equity investments(2,483)16,255
Bitcoin remeasurement(163,288)(112,102)
Transaction, loan, and consumer receivable losses357,541307,667
Change in deferred income taxes3,52839,919
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Settlements receivable(829,379)203,697
Purchases and originations of loans(6,911,321)(3,770,864)
Proceeds from payments and forgiveness of loans6,585,2113,590,923
Customers payable871,931(184,570)
Settlements payable(8,134)(139,308)
Other assets and liabilities124,486(193,648)
Net cash provided by operating activities1,008,787407,719
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of marketable debt securities(757,335)(423,751)
Proceeds from maturities of marketable debt securities458,029656,502
Proceeds from sale of marketable debt securities395,45524,874
Payments for originations of consumer receivables(12,866,904)(10,546,501)
Proceeds from principal repayments and sales of consumer receivables13,727,60310,933,947
Purchases of property and equipment(70,355)(61,775)
Purchases of other investments(19,079)(4,397)
Net cash provided by investing activities867,414578,899

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

BLOCK, INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - Continued

(Unaudited)

(In thousands)

Six Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of senior notes2,000,000—
Payments of debt issuance costs from issuance of senior notes(26,619)—
Repayments of Paycheck Protection Program Liquidity Facility advances—(16,840)
Payments to redeem convertible notes—(461,761)
Proceeds from warehouse facilities borrowings319,634289,418
Repayments of warehouse facilities borrowings(968,045)(794,384)
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options and purchases under the employee stock purchase plan86,20165,962
Net increase in interest-bearing deposits41,96928,583
Repurchases of common stock(641,603)—
Other financing activities(18,473)(4,320)
Change in customer funds, restricted from use in the Company's operations380,283172,332
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities1,173,347(721,010)
Effect of foreign exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents(39,771)6,955
Net increase in cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and customer funds3,009,777272,563
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and customer funds, beginning of the period9,009,0878,435,906
Cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and customer funds, end of the period$12,018,864$8,708,469
Reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash, and customer funds:
Cash and cash equivalents$7,799,093$4,745,884
Short-term restricted cash597,855536,733
Long-term restricted cash71,20373,196
Customer funds cash and cash equivalents3,550,7133,352,656
Total$12,018,864$8,708,469

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

BLOCK, INC.

NOTES TO THE CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1 - DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Business

Block, Inc. (together with its subsidiaries, "Block" or the "Company") creates tools that empower businesses, sellers, and individuals to participate in the economy. Block is comprised of two reportable segments, Square and Cash App. Square is a cohesive commerce ecosystem that helps sellers start, run, and grow their businesses, including enabling sellers to accept card payments, providing reporting and analytics, and facilitating next-day settlement. Square’s point-of-sale software and other business services help sellers manage inventory, locations, and employees; access financial services; engage buyers; build a website or online store; and grow sales. Cash App is an ecosystem of financial products and services focused on helping consumers make their money go further by enabling customers to store, send, receive, spend, invest, borrow, or save their money. Cash App seeks to redefine the world’s relationship with money by making it more relatable, instantly available, and universally accessible.

Block was founded in 2009 and has offices globally. The Company does not designate a headquarters location as it adopted a distributed work model in 2021.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company are unaudited. These interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP") and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") for interim financial information. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The December 31, 2023 condensed consolidated balance sheet was derived from the audited financial statements as of that date, but does not include all of the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements.

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the same basis as the audited consolidated financial statements and, in the opinion of management, reflect all adjustments of a normal recurring nature considered necessary to state fairly the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations, comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for the interim periods. The condensed consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of Block and its wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, including variable interest entities for which the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary. All intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. Minority interests are recorded as a noncontrolling interest, which is reported as a component of stockholders' equity on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. The interim results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024, or for any other future annual or interim period.

The information included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.

Adoption of ASU 2023-08 and Recasting of Prior Period

The Company early adopted ASU No. 2023-08, Accounting for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets ("ASU 2023-08"), in the fourth quarter of 2023 using a modified retrospective approach. ASU 2023-08 provides guidance on accounting and disclosure of crypto assets and requires an entity to (i) subsequently remeasure crypto assets at fair value at each measurement date with changes recognized in net income, (ii) present the changes in fair value separately from changes in the carrying amount of other intangible assets in the income statement, and (iii) present crypto assets measured at fair value separately from other intangible assets on the balance sheet. Prior to the adoption of ASU 2023-08, the Company's bitcoin investment was subject to impairment losses if the fair value decreased below the carrying value during the assessed period. Impairment losses on the Company's bitcoin investment could not be recovered for any subsequent increases in fair value until the asset was sold. Upon adoption of ASU 2023-08, the Company recognized a cumulative-effect adjustment increasing bitcoin value and retained earnings by $30.5 million as of the beginning of fiscal year 2023.

The adoption of ASU 2023-08 using a modified retrospective approach requires the Company to adopt the standard as of January 1, 2023. As such, the previously reported condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 have been revised to reflect the adoption of ASU 2023-08. The following table presents the effects of these changes on the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations:

Three Months Ended June 30, 2023
As Previously Reported (i)Adjustments (ii)As Adjusted
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders (iii)$(122,506)$20,464$(102,042)
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic$(0.20)$0.03$(0.17)
Diluted$(0.20)$0.03$(0.17)
Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
As Previously Reported (i)Adjustments (ii)As Adjusted
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders (iii)$(139,344)$135,618$(3,726)
Net income (loss) per share attributable to common stockholders:
Basic$(0.23)$0.22$(0.01)
Diluted$(0.23)$0.22$(0.01)
___________________
(i)As reported in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, filed with the SEC on August 3, 2023.
(ii)The adjustment had no impact on previously reported cash flows from operating, investing, or financing activities within the Company's condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
(iii)Financial statement lines item impacted within the condensed consolidated statements of operations were "Other expense (income), net" and "Provision (benefit) for income taxes."

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the Company’s condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses, as well as related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from the Company’s estimates. To the extent that there are material differences between these estimates and actual results, the Company’s financial condition or operating results will be materially affected. The Company bases its estimates on current and past experience, to the extent that historical experience is predictive of future performance and other assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The Company evaluates these estimates on an ongoing basis.

Estimates, judgments, and assumptions in these condensed consolidated financial statements include, but are not limited to, those related to accrued transaction losses, contingencies, including outcomes from claims and disputes, valuation of loans held for sale, valuation of goodwill and acquired intangible assets, determination of goodwill impairment charges, determination of allowance for loan loss reserves for loans held for investment, determination of allowance for credit losses for consumer receivables, allocation of acquired goodwill to reporting units, income and other taxes, operating and financing lease right-of-use assets and related liabilities, and share-based compensation.

The Company's estimates of valuation of loans held for sale, allowance for credit losses associated with consumer receivables and loans held for investment, and accrued transaction losses are based on historical experience, adjusted for market data relevant to the current economic environment. The Company will continue to update its estimates as developments occur and additional information is obtained. Refer to Note 5, Fair Value Measurements for further details on amortized cost over fair value of the loans, Note 6, Consumer Receivables, net for further details on consumer receivables, Note 7, Customer Loans for further details on customer loans, and Note 9, Other Consolidated Balance Sheet Components (Current) for further details on transaction losses.

Concentration of Credit Risk

For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, the Company had no customer that accounted for greater than 10% of total net revenue.

The Company had two third-party payment processors that represented approximately 40% and 38% of settlements receivable as of June 30, 2024. As of December 31, 2023, the Company had two parties that represented approximately 46% and 35% of settlements receivable. In both periods, all other third-party payment processors were insignificant. Certain of the Company's products are reliant on third-party service providers such as partner banks, card issuers, and payment service providers. The Company's relationships with third-party service providers may result in operational concentration risks for some of these products.

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, marketable debt securities, settlements receivable, customer funds, consumer receivables, loans held for sale, and loans held for investment. To mitigate the risk of concentration associated with cash and cash equivalents, as well as restricted cash, funds are held with creditworthy institutions and, at certain times, temporarily swept into insured programs overnight to reduce single firm concentration risk. Amounts on deposit may exceed federal deposit insurance limits. The associated risk of concentration for marketable debt securities is mitigated by holding a diversified portfolio of highly rated investments. Settlements receivable are amounts due from well-established payment processing companies and normally take one or two business days to settle, which mitigates the associated risk of concentration. The associated risk of concentration for loans and consumer receivables is partially mitigated by credit evaluations that are performed prior to facilitating the offering of loans and receivables and ongoing performance monitoring of the Company’s loan customers.

Sales and Marketing Expenses

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and included in sales and marketing expenses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Total advertising costs were $78.3 million and $139.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $116.1 million and $205.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. The Company also records services, incentives, and other costs to acquire customers that are not directly related to a revenue generating transaction as sales and marketing expenses, as the Company considers these to be marketing costs to encourage the usage of Cash App. These expenses include, but are not limited to, Cash App peer-to-peer processing costs and related transaction losses, card issuance costs, customer referral bonuses, and promotional giveaways. These costs are expensed as incurred. The Company recorded $252.7 million and $463.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $235.3 million and $479.1 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, for such expenses.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued ASU No. 2023-07, Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (“ASU 2023-07”). The amendments expand segment disclosures by requiring disclosure of significant segment expenses that are regularly provided to the Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM"), the amount and description of other segment items, permits companies to disclose more than one measure of segment profit or loss, and requires all annual segment disclosures to be included in the interim periods. The amendments do not change how an entity identifies its operating segments, aggregates those operating segments, or applies quantitative thresholds to determine its reportable segments. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2023-07 will impact the Company’s disclosures only, and the Company is evaluating the effect of adopting the new disclosure requirements.

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (“ASU 2023-09”). The amendments expand income tax disclosure requirements by requiring an entity to disclose (i) specific categories in the rate reconciliation, (ii) additional information for reconciling items that meet a quantitative threshold, and (iii) the amount of taxes paid disaggregated by jurisdiction. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The adoption of ASU 2023-09 will impact the Company’s disclosures only and the Company is evaluating the effect of adopting the new disclosure requirements.

In March 2024, the SEC adopted rules that require registrants to provide climate-related information in their registration statements and annual reports, such as disclosure of material climate-related risks, Board of Directors’ oversight and risk management activities, material greenhouse gas emissions, and material climate-related targets and goals. The rules will also require registrants to quantify certain effects of severe weather events and other natural conditions in their audited financial statements. As adopted, the new rules will be effective for fiscal years beginning in 2025, except for the greenhouse gas emissions disclosures, which will be effective for fiscal years beginning in 2026. On April 4, 2024, the SEC voluntarily stayed the implementation of the rules pending the judicial review of challenges to the rules in the Eighth Circuit Court of Appeals. The Company is currently evaluating the effect of adopting these new rules.

NOTE 2 - REVENUE

The following table presents the Company's net revenue disaggregated by revenue source (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Revenue from contracts with customers:
Transaction-based revenue$1,712,967$1,637,654$3,224,176$3,060,359
Subscription and services-based revenue1,263,9421,071,3952,476,0602,110,008
Hardware revenue42,96044,92275,46182,373
Bitcoin revenue2,611,7432,390,8845,342,8674,554,635
Revenue from other sources:
Subscription and services-based revenue (i)523,951390,102994,127717,713
Total net revenue$6,155,563$5,534,957$12,112,691$10,525,088

(i) Subscription and services-based revenue from other sources relates to revenue generated from the Company's Square Loans, revenue generated from consumer receivables originated through our buy now, pay later ("BNPL") platform, interest income earned on customer funds, and interest income earned on funds held by Square Financial Services, Inc. ("Square Financial Services").

NOTE 3 - INVESTMENTS IN DEBT SECURITIES

The Company's short-term and long-term investments as of June 30, 2024 were as follows (in thousands):

Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
Short-term debt securities:
U.S. agency securities$38,887$—$(167)$38,720
Corporate bonds119,35840(273)119,125
Commercial paper1,255——1,255
Municipal securities9,478—(30)9,448
Certificates of deposit1,238——1,238
U.S. government securities489,2009(994)488,215
Total$659,416$49$(1,464)$658,001
Long-term debt securities:
U.S. agency securities$17$—$—$17
Corporate bonds142,220126(328)142,018
Municipal securities3,48018(175)3,323
U.S. government securities216,242245(88)216,399
Total$361,959$389$(591)$361,757

The Company's short-term and long-term investments as of December 31, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

Amortized CostGross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair Value
Short-term debt securities:
U.S. agency securities$68,778$—$(1,263)$67,515
Corporate bonds216,86496(1,733)215,227
Commercial paper15,159——15,159
Municipal securities9,396—(231)9,165
Certificates of deposit3,856——3,856
U.S. government securities544,145210(4,357)539,998
Foreign government securities1,000—(19)981
Total$859,198$306$(7,603)$851,901
Long-term debt securities:
Corporate bonds$94,564$809$(45)$95,328
Municipal securities2,49555(138)2,412
U.S. government securities152,549875(37)153,387
Total$249,608$1,739$(220)$251,127

The amortized cost of investments classified as cash equivalents approximated the fair value due to the short-term nature of the investments.

The Company's gross unrealized losses and fair values for those investments that were in an unrealized loss position as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, aggregated by investment category and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous loss position were as follows (in thousands):

June 30, 2024
Less than 12 MonthsGreater than 12 MonthsTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized Losses
Short-term debt securities:
U.S. agency securities$10,885$(3)$27,836$(164)$38,721$(167)
Corporate bonds72,368(104)21,276(169)93,644(273)
Municipal securities91—9,357(30)9,448(30)
U.S. government securities268,909(106)99,838(888)368,747(994)
Total$352,253$(213)$158,307$(1,251)$510,560$(1,464)
Long-term debt securities:
Corporate bonds$96,228$(316)$979$(12)$97,207$(328)
Municipal securities1,452(38)854(137)2,306(175)
U.S. government securities42,152(88)——42,152(88)
Total$139,832$(442)$1,833$(149)$141,665$(591)
December 31, 2023
Less than 12 MonthsGreater than 12 MonthsTotal
Fair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueGross Unrealized Losses
Short-term debt securities:
U.S. agency securities$9,770$(10)$57,745$(1,253)$67,515$(1,263)
Corporate bonds61,054(60)110,706(1,673)171,760(1,733)
Municipal securities——9,165(231)9,165(231)
U.S. government securities80,724(113)207,183(4,243)287,907(4,356)
Foreign government securities——981(19)981(19)
Total$151,548$(183)$385,780$(7,419)$537,328$(7,602)
Long-term debt securities:
Corporate bonds$11,819$(31)$2,274$(14)$14,093$(45)
Municipal securities976(24)383(112)1,359(136)
U.S. government securities28,474(37)——28,474(37)
Total$41,269$(92)$2,657$(126)$43,926$(218)

The Company does not intend to sell nor anticipate that it will be required to sell these securities before recovery of the amortized cost basis. Unrealized losses on available-for-sale debt securities were determined not to be related to credit related losses, therefore, an allowance for credit losses is not required.

The contractual maturities of the Company's short-term and long-term investments as of June 30, 2024 were as follows (in thousands):

Amortized CostFair Value
Due in one year or less$659,416$658,001
Due in one to five years361,959361,757
Total$1,021,375$1,019,758

NOTE 4 - CUSTOMER FUNDS

The following table presents the assets underlying customer funds (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Cash$2,036,394$2,137,634
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds4,6454,042
Reverse repurchase agreement (i)1,509,6741,028,754
Total customer funds$3,550,713$3,170,430

(i) The Company has accounted for the reverse repurchase agreement with various third parties as an overnight lending arrangement, collateralized by the securities subject to the repurchase agreement. The Company classifies the amounts due from the counterparties as cash equivalents due to their short-term nature.

The amortized cost of investments classified as cash equivalents approximated the fair value due to the short-term nature of the investments.

NOTE 5 - FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company measures its cash equivalents, customer funds, short-term and long-term marketable debt securities, marketable equity investments, and bitcoin investment at fair value. The Company classifies these investments within Level 1 or Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy because the Company values these investments using quoted market prices or alternative pricing sources and models utilizing market observable inputs. The Company measures its safeguarding obligation liability related to bitcoin held for other parties at the fair value of the bitcoin that the Company holds for other parties and classifies the liability within Level 2 because the Company uses observable market prices of the underlying bitcoin as an input for the valuation. The Company also classifies its safeguarding asset related to bitcoin held for other parties within Level 2, unless the asset's carrying amount is adjusted to reflect any actual or potential safeguarding loss events, in which case it would be classified within Level 3. The Company was not aware of any actual or possible safeguarding loss events as of June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023.

The Company’s assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis were classified as follows (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 1Level 2Level 3
Cash equivalents:
Money market funds$1,389,565$—$—$960,705$—$—
U.S. government securities183,120——29,788——
Commercial paper—5,506——4,993—
Corporate bonds—875——699—
Restricted cash:
Money market funds149,221——291,374——
Customer funds:
Money market funds4,645——4,042——
Reverse repurchase agreement1,509,674——1,028,754——
Short-term debt securities:
U.S. government securities488,215——539,998——
Corporate bonds—119,125——215,227—
U.S. agency securities—38,720——67,515—
Certificates of deposit—1,238——3,856—
Commercial paper—1,255——15,159—
Municipal securities—9,448——9,165—
Foreign government securities————981—
Long-term debt securities:
U.S. government securities216,399——153,387——
Corporate bonds—142,018——95,328—
U.S. agency securities—17————
Municipal securities—3,323——2,412—
Other:
Investment in marketable equity securities1,628——8,267——
Bitcoin investment (i)514,584——339,898——
Safeguarding asset related to bitcoin held for other parties—1,440,307——1,038,585—
Safeguarding obligation liability related to bitcoin held for other parties—(1,440,307)——(1,038,585)—
Total assets (liabilities) measured at fair value$4,457,051$321,525$—$3,356,213$415,335$—

(i) The Company holds an immaterial amount of bitcoin for operating purposes and, given the bitcoin is held for a relatively short period of time, typically being purchased and sold within a day, the fair value approximates carrying value. Refer to Note 11, Bitcoin for more details.

The carrying amounts of certain financial instruments, including settlements receivable, consumer receivables, loans held for investment, accounts payable, customers payable, accrued expenses, and settlements payable, approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature. The carrying amounts of the Company's warehouse funding facilities approximate their fair values.

The Company estimates the fair value of its convertible and senior notes based on their last actively traded prices (Level 1) or market observable inputs (Level 2). The estimated fair value and carrying value of the convertible and senior notes were as follows (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying ValueFair Value (Level 2)Carrying ValueFair Value (Level 2)
2026 Senior Notes$994,604$940,866$993,208$938,105
2031 Senior Notes990,265852,757989,567879,913
2032 Senior Notes1,973,7611,998,291——
2025 Convertible Notes997,958961,712996,437979,776
2026 Convertible Notes571,863512,561571,014501,910
2027 Convertible Notes570,530473,665569,865468,475
Total$6,098,981$5,739,852$4,120,091$3,768,179

The estimated fair value and carrying value of loans held for sale and loans held for investment were as follows (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Carrying ValueFair Value (Level 3)Carrying ValueFair Value (Level 3)
Loans held for sale$961,581$968,428$775,424$783,464
Loans held for investment236,413247,080247,631258,684
Total$1,197,994$1,215,508$1,023,055$1,042,148

If applicable, the Company will recognize transfers into and out of levels within the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period in which the actual event or change in circumstance occurs. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023, the Company did not have any transfers in or out of Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 assets or liabilities.

NOTE 6 - CONSUMER RECEIVABLES, NET

Consumer receivables represent amounts due from consumers for outstanding installment payments on orders processed on the Company's BNPL platform. Consumer receivables are classified as held for investment. These receivables are typically interest free and are generally due within 14 to 56 days.

The Company closely monitors credit quality for consumer receivables to manage and evaluate its related exposure to credit risk. The criteria the Company monitors when assessing the credit quality and risk of its consumer receivables portfolio is primarily based on internal risk assessments, as they provide insight into customer risk profiles and are useful as indicators of potential future credit losses. Consumer receivables are internally rated as "Pass" or "Classified." Pass rated consumer receivables generally consist of consumer receivables that are current or up to 60 days past due. Classified consumer receivables are generally comprised of consumer receivables that are greater than 60 days past due and have a higher risk of default. Internal risk ratings are reviewed and, generally, updated at least once a year. As of June 30, 2024, the amortized cost of Pass rated consumer receivables was $2.1 billion and the amount of Classified consumer receivables was $121.3 million.

The following table presents an aging analysis of the amortized cost of consumer receivables by delinquency status (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Non-delinquent loans$1,676,886$2,074,532
1 - 60 days past due394,256453,412
61 - 90 days past due24,94826,798
90+ days past due96,36175,227
Total amortized cost$2,192,451$2,629,969

The amount listed as 1 - 60 days past due in the above table includes $318.9 million and $365.4 million of cash in transit as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively, which reflects ongoing repayments from consumers that have been sent from consumers’ bank accounts but have not yet been received at the Company’s bank account as of the date of the financial statements.

Consumer receivables are charged off when they are over 180 days past due as the Company has no reasonable expectation of recovery. When consumer receivables are charged off, the Company recognizes the charge against the allowance for credit losses. While the Company expects collections at that point to be unlikely, the Company may recover amounts from the respective consumers. Any subsequent recoveries following charge-off are credited to transaction, loan, and consumer receivable losses on the condensed consolidated statements of operations in the period they were recovered. The amount of recoveries for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 were immaterial.

The following table summarizes activity in the allowance for credit losses (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Allowance for credit losses, beginning of the period$181,947$141,535$185,275$151,290
Provision for credit losses63,36169,053124,340112,184
Charge-offs and other adjustments(70,675)(57,338)(132,814)(109,761)
Foreign exchange effect1,878522(290)59
Allowance for credit losses, end of the period$176,511$153,772$176,511$153,772

NOTE 7 - CUSTOMER LOANS

Loans Held for Investment

The Company originates loans in the U.S. through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Square Financial Services. The Company sells the majority of the loans to institutional investors with a portion retained on its balance sheet. Loans retained by the Company are classified as held for investment as the Company has both the intent and ability to hold them for the foreseeable future, until maturity, or until payoff. The Company’s intent and ability in the future may change based on changes in business strategies, the economic environment, and market conditions. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held $236.4 million and $247.6 million, respectively, as loans held for investment, net of allowance, included in other current assets on the condensed consolidated balance sheets. Refer to Note 9, Other Consolidated Balance Sheet Components (Current) for more details.

Loans held for investment are recorded at amortized cost, less an allowance for potential uncollectible amounts. Amortized cost basis represents principal amounts outstanding, net of unearned income, unamortized deferred fees and costs on originated loans, premiums or discounts on purchased loans and charge-offs. The allowance for loan losses, amount of charge offs recorded, and amount of recoveries as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 were immaterial.

The Company considers loans that are greater than 60 days past due to be delinquent, and loans 90 days or more past due to be nonperforming. Loans that are 120 days or more past due are generally considered to be uncollectible and are written off. When a loan is identified as nonperforming, recognition of income is discontinued. Loans are restored to performing status after total overdue unpaid amounts are repaid and the Company has reasonable assurance that performance under the terms of the loan will continue. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amount of loans that were identified as nonperforming loans was immaterial.

The Company closely monitors economic conditions and loan performance trends to assess and manage its exposure to credit risk. The criteria the Company monitors when assessing the credit quality and risk of its loan portfolio is primarily based on internal risk ratings, as they provide insight into borrower risk profiles and are useful as indicators of potential future credit losses. Loans are internally rated as "Pass" or "Classified." Pass rated loans generally consist of loans that are current or up to 60 days past due. Classified loans generally comprise of loans that are 60 days or greater past due and have a higher risk of default. Internal risk ratings are reviewed and, generally, updated at least once a year. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amortized cost of Pass rated loans was $250.1 million and $261.4 million, respectively, and the amount of Classified loans was immaterial for both periods.

Loans Held for Sale

The Company classifies loans as held for sale when there is an available market for such loans and it is the Company’s intent to sell all of its rights, title, and interest in these loans to third-party investors. Loans held for sale primarily include Square Loans and Cash App Borrow products. Square Loans are loans facilitated by Square Financial Services to qualified Square sellers, while Cash App Borrow is a credit product for consumers that allows customers to access short-term loans for a small fee. Loans held for sale are recorded at the lower of amortized cost or fair value. Square Loans that are 120 days or more past due are generally considered to be uncollectible and are written off.

The Company aggregates loans held for sale by the intended customer of the loan product. Commercial loans held for sale include Square Loans, Consumer loans held for sale primarily include loans initiated through Cash App Borrow and consumer lending loans, and Other loans held for sale include loans outside of consumer and commercial loans.

The following table presents the Company’s loans held for sale aggregated by category (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Commercial$435,291$478,128
Consumer487,927274,630
Other38,36322,666
Total$961,581$775,424

NOTE 8 - ACQUIRED INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table details acquired intangible assets (in thousands):

Balance at June 30, 2024
Weighted Average Estimated Useful LifeCostAccumulated AmortizationNet
Technology assets5 years$391,629$(236,447)$155,182
Customer assets15 years1,463,273(296,870)1,166,403
Trade names9 years426,845(125,172)301,673
Other9 years13,299(7,374)5,925
Total$2,295,046$(665,863)$1,629,183
Balance at December 31, 2023
Weighted Average Estimated Useful LifeCostAccumulated AmortizationNet
Technology assets5 years$393,511$(201,409)$192,102
Customer assets14 years1,473,970(237,316)1,236,654
Trade names9 years428,944(102,774)326,170
Other9 years13,299(6,704)6,595
Total$2,309,724$(548,203)$1,761,521

All intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives.

The change in the carrying value of intangible assets was as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Acquired intangible assets, net, beginning of the period$1,673,618$1,949,086$1,761,521$2,014,034
Amortization expense(58,402)(55,257)(119,711)(110,852)
Foreign currency translation and other adjustments13,967(15,591)(12,627)(24,944)
Acquired intangible assets, net, end of the period$1,629,183$1,878,238$1,629,183$1,878,238

The estimated future amortization expense of intangible assets as of June 30, 2024 was as follows (in thousands):

Remainder of 2024$105,960
2025206,929
2026192,863
2027146,050
2028141,880
Thereafter835,501
Total$1,629,183

NOTE 9 - OTHER CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS (CURRENT)

Other Current Assets

The following table presents the detail of other current assets (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Restricted cash (i)$597,855$770,380
Processing costs receivable400,961365,153
Loans held for investment, net of allowance for loan losses (ii)236,413247,631
Accounts receivable, net150,584134,824
Prepaid expenses138,306100,770
Inventory, net104,728110,097
Short term deposits (iii)38,543397,630
Other234,039227,003
Total$1,901,429$2,353,488

(i) Includes a portion invested in money market funds. Refer to Note 5, Fair Value Measurements for further details*.*

(ii) Refer to Note 7, Customer Loans for further details*.*

(iii) As of December 31, 2023, includes a $350.0 million deposit held by a processor to meet requirements related to processing volumes under an arrangement that was executed in the fourth quarter of 2023. During the first quarter of 2024, this $350.0 million deposit was returned to the Company.

Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

The following table presents the detail of accrued expenses and other current liabilities (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Accrued expenses$418,039$538,812
Customer deposits208,997167,028
Accounts payable112,659142,554
Accrued transaction losses (i)81,30954,042
Accrued royalties55,93762,140
Operating lease liabilities, current51,90653,721
Other339,946316,372
Total$1,268,793$1,334,669

(i) The Company is exposed to potential credit losses related to transactions processed by sellers that are subsequently subject to chargebacks when the Company is unable to collect from the sellers primarily due to insolvency. Generally, the Company estimates the potential loss rates based on historical experience that is continuously adjusted for new information and incorporates, where applicable, reasonable and supportable forecasts about future expectations.

The following table summarizes the activities of the Company’s reserve for transaction losses (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Accrued transaction losses, beginning of the period$60,016$62,085$54,042$64,539
Provision for transaction losses49,73124,26080,55049,202
Charge-offs to accrued transaction losses(28,438)(23,587)(53,283)(50,983)
Accrued transaction losses, end of the period$81,309$62,758$81,309$62,758

In addition to amounts reflected in the table above, the Company recognized additional provision for transaction losses that was realized and written-off within the same period. Such losses are primarily related to Cash App transactions, such as peer-to-peer transactions, disputes, and negative balances, that are uncertain in nature. The Company recorded $84.4 million and $131.7 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, for such losses. The Company recorded $120.4 million and $226.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, for such losses.

NOTE 10 - OTHER CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS (NON-CURRENT)

Other Non-Current Assets

The following table presents the detail of other non-current assets (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Bitcoin investment (i)$514,584$339,898
Investments in long-term debt securities361,757251,127
Property and equipment, net295,741296,056
Operating lease right-of-use assets232,897244,701
Investment in non-marketable equity securities (ii)213,315205,268
Restricted cash71,20371,812
Other114,382122,508
Total$1,803,879$1,531,370

(i) Refer to Note 11, Bitcoin for further details.

(ii) Investment in non-marketable equity securities represents the Company's investments in equity of non-public entities. These investments are measured using the measurement alternative and are therefore carried at cost, less impairment, adjusted for observable price changes from orderly transactions for identical or similar investments of the same issuer. Adjustments are recorded within other expense (income), net on the condensed consolidated statements of operations. Unrealized gains and losses were immaterial during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

Other Non-Current Liabilities

The following table presents the detail of other non-current liabilities (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Operating lease liabilities, non-current$272,387$289,788
Deferred tax liabilities37,09335,695
Other130,667154,972
Total$440,147$480,455

NOTE 11 - BITCOIN

A) Company Owned Bitcoin

The Company holds bitcoin for long term investment purposes ("bitcoin investment") and also holds bitcoin for the facilitation of customer sales and purchases of bitcoin on Cash App ("bitcoin for operating purposes"). The Company accounts for its bitcoin as an indefinite-lived intangible asset in accordance with ASC 350, Intangibles—Goodwill and Other and has ownership of and control over its bitcoin.

The Company early adopted ASU No. 2023-08 in the fourth quarter of 2023 using a modified retrospective approach. Refer to Note 1, Description of Business and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies for further details.

The Company's bitcoin investment, which is included within “Other non-current assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets, is remeasured at fair value at the end of each reporting period. Changes in fair value are recognized in net income through “Other expense (income), net” in the Company’s condensed consolidated statements of operations. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held approximately 8,211 and 8,038 bitcoins for investment purposes with a cost basis of $231.4 million and $220.0 million, respectively.

The following table summarizes the changes in the Company’s bitcoin investment in the period (in thousands, except amount of bitcoin):

Amount of bitcoinValue
Balance at December 31, 20238,038$339,898
Remeasurement gain—233,404
Balance at March 31, 20248,038$573,302
Additions17311,398
Remeasurement loss—(70,116)
Balance at June 30, 20248,211$514,584
Amount of bitcoinValue
Balance at December 31, 20228,038$102,303
Cumulative effect of adoption of ASU 2023-08—30,511
Remeasurement gain—96,088
Balance at March 31, 20238,038$228,902
Remeasurement gain—16,014
Balance at June 30, 20238,038$244,916

The Company’s bitcoin for operating purposes is initially recorded at cost, inclusive of transaction costs. Subsequent to purchase, any sales related to bitcoin occur at its current market price, plus a small margin. As such, any change in fair value of bitcoin purchased and sold for customer orders is captured within bitcoin revenue. Given the small amount of bitcoin for operating purposes held at any time, and that the bitcoin is held for a relatively short period of time, typically being purchased and sold within a day, the changes in fair value are not material to the Company. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company held approximately 228 and 384 bitcoins, respectively, for operating purposes with a fair value of $14.7 million and $16.7 million, respectively, to facilitate the purchases and sales of bitcoin on behalf of Cash App customers. The bitcoin for operating purposes is reflected on the condensed consolidated balance sheets within “Other current assets."

B) Bitcoin Held for Other Parties

The Company allows its Cash App customers to store their bitcoin in the Company’s digital wallets free of charge. The Company also holds an immaterial amount of bitcoin from select trading partners to facilitate bitcoin transactions for customers on Cash App. Other than bitcoin, the Company does not hold or store any other types of crypto-assets for customers or trading partners. The Company holds the cryptographic key information and maintains the internal recordkeeping of the bitcoin held for other parties. The Company's contractual arrangements state that its customers and trading partners retain legal ownership of the bitcoin; have the right to sell, pledge, or transfer the bitcoin; and also benefit from the rewards and bear the risks associated with the ownership, including as a result of any bitcoin price fluctuations. The customer also bears the risk of loss as a result of fraud or theft, unless the loss was caused by the Company’s gross negligence or the Company’s willful misconduct. The Company does not use any of the bitcoin custodied for customers or trading partners as collateral for any of the Company’s loans or other financing arrangements; nor does it lend or pledge bitcoin held for others to any third parties. The Company occasionally engages third-party custodians to store and safeguard bitcoin on the Company's behalf. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, an immaterial amount of the bitcoin was held by a third-party custodian on the Company's behalf.

The Company records a bitcoin safeguarding obligation liability and a corresponding bitcoin safeguarding asset based on the fair value of the bitcoin held for other parties at each reporting date in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 121 ("SAB 121"). The Company was not aware of any actual or possible safeguarding loss events as of June 30, 2024 or December 31, 2023, and accordingly, the bitcoin safeguarding obligation liability and the associated bitcoin safeguarding asset were recorded at the same value.

The following table summarizes the Company’s bitcoin held for other parties (in thousands, except number of bitcoin):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
Total approximate number of bitcoin held for other parties22,98224,570
Safeguarding obligation liability related to bitcoin held for other parties$1,440,307$1,038,585
Safeguarding asset related to bitcoin held for other parties$1,440,307$1,038,585

NOTE 12 - INDEBTEDNESS

A) Notes

The 2025 Convertible Notes, 2026 Convertible Notes, and 2027 Convertible Notes (each, as defined below, and collectively, the “Convertible Notes”), together with the Senior Notes (as defined below), are collectively referred to as the “Notes.”

The following table summarizes the Company's Notes as of June 30, 2024 (in thousands):

Principal OutstandingUnamortized Debt Issuance CostsNet Carrying Value
2026 Senior Notes$1,000,000$(5,396)$994,604
2031 Senior Notes1,000,000(9,735)990,265
2032 Senior Notes2,000,000(26,239)1,973,761
2025 Convertible Notes (i)1,000,000(2,042)997,958
2026 Convertible Notes575,000(3,137)571,863
2027 Convertible Notes575,000(4,470)570,530
Total$6,150,000$(51,019)$6,098,981

(i) Net carrying value disclosed as current portion of long-term debt within total current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

The following table summarizes the Company's Notes as of December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

Principal OutstandingUnamortized Debt Issuance CostsNet Carrying Value
2026 Senior Notes$1,000,000$(6,792)$993,208
2031 Senior Notes1,000,000(10,433)989,567
2025 Convertible Notes1,000,000(3,563)996,437
2026 Convertible Notes575,000(3,986)571,014
2027 Convertible Notes575,000(5,135)569,865
Total$4,150,000$(29,909)$4,120,091

The Company recognized interest expense on the Notes as follows (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Contractual interest expense$34,598$16,437$50,728$32,932
Amortization of debt issuance costs2,9232,6515,4855,360
Total$37,521$19,088$56,213$38,292

Senior Unsecured Notes due 2032

On May 9, 2024, the Company issued $2.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of senior unsecured notes due 2032 ("2032 Senior Notes"). The 2032 Senior Notes mature on May 15, 2032, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased, and bear interest at a rate of 6.50% payable semi-annually on May 15 and November 15 of each year, commencing on November 15, 2024. At any time prior to May 15, 2027, the Company may redeem the 2032 Senior Notes, in whole or part, at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 2032 Senior Notes to be redeemed plus an applicable premium and accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to but excluding the redemption date. The applicable premium for the 2032 Senior Notes is the greater of (1) 1.0% of the principal amount of such note, and (2) the excess, if any, of (a) the sum of the present values at the redemption date of (i) the applicable redemption price of such note that would apply if such note were redeemed on May 15, 2027 plus (ii) the remaining scheduled payments of interest due on such note to, and including, May 15, 2027 (excluding accrued but unpaid interest to the redemption date) discounted to the redemption date on a semi-annual basis (assuming a 360-day year consisting of twelve 30-day months) at the treasury rate (as defined in the indenture governing the 2032 Senior Notes) plus 50 basis points, over (b) the principal amount of such note to be redeemed. On and after May 15, 2027, the Company may redeem the 2032 Senior Notes at specified prices as set forth in the indenture governing the 2032 Senior Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. If the Company experiences a change of control triggering event (as defined in the indenture governing the 2032 Senior Notes), the Company must offer to repurchase the 2032 Senior Notes at a repurchase price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the applicable 2032 Senior Notes to be repurchased, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the applicable repurchase date.

The indenture governing the 2032 Senior Notes contains covenants that, among other things, restrict the ability of the Company and/or its domestic restricted subsidiaries to create certain liens and certain indebtedness, enter into sale and leaseback transactions, or to transfer all or substantially all of the Company and its subsidiaries assets to another person. These covenants are subject to a number of other limitations and exceptions set forth in the indenture governing the 2032 Senior Notes.

The indenture governing the 2032 Senior Notes provides for customary events of default, including, but not limited to, failure to pay principal and interest, failure to comply with covenants, agreements or conditions, and certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency involving the Company and its significant subsidiaries. In the case of an event of default arising from specified events of bankruptcy or insolvency involving the Company, all outstanding 2032 Senior Notes will become due and payable immediately without further action or notice. If any other event of default under the indenture governing the 2032 Senior Notes occurs or is continuing, the trustee or holders of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding 2032 Senior Notes may declare all the 2032 Senior Notes to be due and payable immediately.

Debt issuance costs related to the 2032 Senior Notes were comprised of commissions payable to the initial purchasers of $21.0 million and third party offering costs of $5.6 million. Issuance costs are amortized to interest expense using the effective interest method at an effective interest rate of 6.7% for the term of the 2032 Senior Notes.

Convertible Notes due in 2026 and 2027

On November 13, 2020, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $1.2 billion of convertible senior notes comprised of $575.0 million of convertible senior notes due 2026 ("2026 Convertible Notes") and $575.0 million of convertible senior notes due 2027 ("2027 Convertible Notes"). The 2026 Convertible Notes mature on May 1, 2026, unless earlier converted or repurchased, and bear a zero rate of interest. The 2027 Convertible Notes mature on November 1, 2027, unless earlier converted or repurchased, and bear interest at a rate of 0.25% payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1 of each year.

The circumstances to allow the holders to convert their 2026 Convertible Notes and 2027 Convertible Notes were not met during the six months ended June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2024, no principal had converted and the if-converted value did not exceed the outstanding principal amount on either the 2026 Convertible Notes or 2027 Convertible Notes.

Convertible Notes due in 2025

On March 5, 2020, the Company issued an aggregate principal amount of $1.0 billion of convertible senior notes ("2025 Convertible Notes"). The 2025 Convertible Notes mature on March 1, 2025, unless earlier converted or repurchased, and bear interest at a rate of 0.125% payable semi-annually on March 1 and September 1 of each year.

The circumstances to allow the holders to convert their 2025 Convertible Notes were not met during the six months ended June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2024, certain holders of the 2025 Convertible Notes converted an immaterial aggregate principal amount of their 2025 Convertible Notes. The Company has settled the conversions through the issuance of an immaterial amount of shares of the Company's Class A common stock. As of June 30, 2024, the if-converted value did not exceed the outstanding principal amount of the 2025 Convertible Notes.

B) Revolving Credit Facility & Other

In May 2020, the Company entered into a revolving credit agreement (as amended, the “Credit Agreement”) with certain lenders, which provides for a $775.0 million senior unsecured revolving credit facility maturing on June 9, 2028. The Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant requiring the Company to maintain a minimum liquidity amount (consisting of the sum of Unrestricted Cash and Cash Equivalents plus Marketable Securities, each as defined in the Credit Agreement, plus undrawn available commitments under the Credit Agreement) of at least $250.0 million, tested on the last day of each fiscal quarter. The Company is obligated to pay customary fees for a credit facility of this size and type including a commitment fee of 0.10% to 0.20% per annum on the undrawn portion of the revolving loan commitments available under the Credit Agreement. To date, no funds have been drawn and no letters of credit have been issued under the Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2024, $775.0 million remained available for draw subject to compliance with our covenants. The Company incurred immaterial unused commitment fees during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023. As of June 30, 2024, the Company was in compliance with all financial covenants under the Credit Agreement.

Loans under the Credit Agreement bear interest at the Company's option of (i) an annual rate based on the forward-looking term rate based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("Term SOFR") or (ii) a base rate. Loans based on Term SOFR shall bear interest at a rate equal to Term SOFR plus a margin of between 1.25% and 1.75%, depending on the Company's total net leverage ratio. Loans based on the base rate shall bear interest at a rate based on the highest of the prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, and Term SOFR with a tenor of one-month plus 1.00%, in each case, plus a margin ranging from 0.25% to 0.75%, depending on the Company's total net leverage ratio. The Credit Agreement also contains customary affirmative and negative covenants typical for a financing of this type that, among other things, restricts the Company and certain of its subsidiaries’ ability to incur additional indebtedness, create liens, merge or consolidate or make certain dispositions, pay dividends and make distributions, enter into restrictive agreements, enter into agreements with affiliates, and make certain investments and acquisitions.

The Company also has uncommitted and unsecured lines of credit with certain third-party banks for short-term liquidity needs, subject to availability of funds, through Square Financial Services. These lines of credit were immaterial in the aggregate and there were no outstanding balances as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

C) Warehouse Funding Facilities

Following the acquisition of Afterpay, the Company assumed Afterpay's existing warehouse funding facilities. The Company has financing arrangements with financial institutions in Australia, New Zealand, the United States, and the United Kingdom (collectively, the “Warehouse Facilities”). The Warehouse Facilities have been arranged utilizing wholly-owned and consolidated entities (collectively, the "Warehouse Special Purpose Entities ("Warehouse SPEs")) formed for the sole purpose of financing the origination of consumer receivables to partly fund the Company's BNPL platform. Borrowings under the Warehouse Facilities are secured against the respective consumer receivables. While the Warehouse SPEs are included in our condensed consolidated financial statements, they are separate legal entities that maintain legal ownership of the receivables they hold. The assets of the Warehouse SPEs are not available to satisfy our claims or those of our creditors.

These Warehouse Facilities have maturity dates through June 2026. As of June 30, 2024, the aggregate amount of the Warehouse Facilities, using the respective exchange rates at period-end, was $1.5 billion on a revolving basis, of which $945.8 million was drawn and $507.9 million remained available. All Warehouse Facilities contain portfolio parameters based on performance of the underlying consumer receivables, which each respective region has satisfied as of June 30, 2024. None of the Warehouse Facilities contain corporate financial covenants.

All Warehouse Facilities are on a variable rate basis which aligns closely to the weighted-average life of the consumer receivables they finance. Borrowings under these facilities bear interest at (i) a base rate aligned to either the local risk free rate, such as Term SOFR and the Sterling Overnight Index Average or similar, and (ii) a margin which is set for the term of the availability period. The interest expense incurred on the Company's Warehouse Facilities is included within general and administrative as part of the Company's operating expenses. Interest expense on the Company's Warehouse Facilities was $16.1 million and $35.9 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, and $13.7 million and $28.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. In addition, each Warehouse Facility requires payment of immaterial commitment fees.

The table below summarizes the future scheduled principal payments of amounts drawn on the Company's Warehouse Facilities (in thousands):

June 30, 2024
2024 (i)$374,465
2025 (i)131,324
2026440,000
Total$945,789

(i) Future scheduled principal payments in 2024 as well as a portion of 2025 are disclosed as warehouse funding facilities, current within total current liabilities on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

NOTE 13 - INCOME TAXES

The Company recorded an income tax expense of $59.0 million and $94.5 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, compared to an income tax benefit of $8.2 million and $29.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. The difference between income before income tax at the U.S. federal statutory rate and the income tax expense recorded for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 is primarily due to a change in the valuation allowance in the U.S. related to the utilization of tax loss carryovers and tax credits, stock based compensation tax deductions for the six months ended June 30, 2024, and the tax rate differential on the earnings and losses of certain tax jurisdictions.

The difference between the income tax expense for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, and the income tax benefit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 primarily relates to a change in the mix of income by jurisdiction. In addition, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, Afterpay U.S. was included in the annual effective tax rate and had a current year loss, which generated a partial tax benefit due to the deferred tax liabilities available to recognize those losses. On October 31, 2023, Afterpay U.S. was integrated into Block, Inc.’s U.S. federal consolidated filing group. As the Afterpay U.S. integration was a one-time event, there is no corresponding benefit for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

The Company is subject to income taxes in the U.S. and certain foreign tax jurisdictions. The tax provision for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023 is calculated on a jurisdictional basis. The Company estimated the worldwide income tax provision using the estimated annual effective income tax rate expected to be applicable for the full year. The Company’s effective tax rate may be subject to fluctuations during the year as new information is obtained, which may affect, among other things, the assumptions used to estimate the annual effective tax rate, including factors such as the mix of forecasted pre-tax earnings in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates, changes in valuation allowances against deferred tax assets, the recognition and de-recognition of tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions, and changes in or the interpretation of tax laws in jurisdictions where the Company conducts business.

As of June 30, 2024, the Company retained a full valuation allowance on its net deferred tax assets in certain jurisdictions. The realization of the Company’s deferred tax assets depends primarily on its ability to generate taxable income in future periods. The amount of deferred tax assets considered realizable in future periods may change as management continues to reassess the underlying factors it uses in estimating future taxable income.

NOTE 14 - STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY

Share Repurchase Program

In October 2023, the board of directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to $1 billion of the Company’s Class A common stock. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the Company repurchased 9.3 million shares of its Class A common stock for an aggregate amount of $641.6 million. As of June 30, 2024, $201.6 million remained available and authorized for repurchases under this share repurchase program.

On July 25, 2024, the board of directors of the Company authorized an increase to the Company's share repurchase program to repurchase up to an additional $3 billion of the Company’s Class A common stock.

Repurchases may be made from time to time through open market purchases or through privately negotiated transactions subject to market conditions, applicable legal requirements and other relevant factors. The repurchase program does not obligate the Company to acquire any particular amount of its Class A common stock and may be suspended at any time at the Company’s discretion. The timing and number of shares repurchased will depend on a variety of factors, including the stock price, business and market conditions, corporate and regulatory requirements, alternative investment opportunities, acquisition opportunities, and other factors.

Stock Plans

The 2015 Equity Incentive Plan ("2015 Plan") provides that the number of shares available for issuance under the 2015 Plan will be increased on the first day of each fiscal year, in an amount equal to the least of (i) 40.0 million shares, (ii) 5% of the outstanding shares on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year, or (iii) such other amount as our board of directors may determine. As of June 30, 2024, there were 139.3 million shares available for future issuance under our 2015 Plan.

A summary of stock option activity for the six months ended June 30, 2024 is as follows (in thousands, except per share data):

Number of Stock OptionsWeighted Average Exercise PriceWeighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (in years)Aggregate Intrinsic Value
Outstanding, beginning of the year4,991$47.643.80$195,760
Granted57874.03
Exercised(1,677)18.33
Forfeited——
Expired(81)158.19
Outstanding, end of the period3,811$62.195.39$65,919
Exercisable, end of the period2,719$54.163.89$65,024

Restricted Stock Activity

Activity related to RSUs during the six months ended June 30, 2024 is set forth below (in thousands, except per share data):

Number of SharesWeighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Unvested, beginning of the year40,099$74.76
Granted17,82771.83
Vested(8,266)80.52
Forfeited(5,907)75.29
Unvested, end of the period43,753$72.40

Share-Based Compensation

The following table summarizes the effects of share-based compensation on the Company's condensed consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Cost of revenue$181$142$354$284
Product development229,330223,411451,284421,268
Sales and marketing32,17632,79063,54462,155
General and administrative58,68162,905116,354115,132
Total$320,368$319,248$631,536$598,839

The Company recorded $10.4 million and $17.3 million of share-based compensation expense related to the Company's 2015 Employee Stock Purchase Plan during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $11.4 million and $32.5 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, which are included in the table above.

The Company capitalized $10.6 million and $17.1 million of share-based compensation expense related to software costs during the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $7.2 million and $13.1 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

As of June 30, 2024, there was $3.1 billion of total unrecognized compensation cost related to outstanding stock options and RSUs that are expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of three years.

NOTE 15 - NET INCOME PER SHARE

Basic net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted net income (loss) per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding adjusted for the dilutive effect of all potential shares of common stock. In periods when the Company reported a net loss, diluted net loss per share is the same as basic net loss per share because the effects of potentially dilutive items were anti-dilutive.

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per share (in thousands, except per share data):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Numerator:
Net income (loss)$189,872$(105,378)$660,692$(9,550)
Less: Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests(5,396)(3,336)(6,581)(5,824)
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders$195,268$(102,042)$667,273$(3,726)
Denominator:
Basic shares:
Weighted-average shares used to compute basic net income (loss) per share617,666606,692617,033604,476
Diluted shares:
Stock options, restricted stock, and employee stock purchase plan6,369—7,610—
Convertible notes10,186—12,108—
Weighted-average shares used to compute diluted net income (loss) per share634,221606,692636,751604,476
Basic$0.32$(0.17)$1.08$(0.01)
Diluted$0.31$(0.17)$1.05$(0.01)

The following potential common shares were excluded from the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share because their effect would have been anti-dilutive for the periods presented (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Stock options, restricted stock, and employee stock purchase plan40,75947,47737,88342,180
Convertible notes1,92315,034—16,522
Common stock warrants12,24323,18812,10923,188
Total anti-dilutive securities54,92585,69949,99281,890

NOTE 16 - RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In July 2019, the Company entered into a lease agreement for office space in St. Louis, Missouri, from an affiliate of one of the Company’s co-founders and current member of its board of directors, Mr. Jim McKelvey, for a term of 15.5 years, with options to extend the lease term for two five-year terms. The lease possession date varied by floor, beginning in May 2020. As of June 30, 2024, the Company had recorded right-of-use assets of $10.7 million and associated lease liabilities of $16.3 million related to this lease arrangement.

Under the lease agreement, the Company also has an option to terminate the lease for up to 50% of the leased space any time between January 1, 2024 and December 31, 2026, as well as an option to terminate the lease for the entire property on January 1, 2034. Termination penalties specified in the lease agreement will apply if the Company exercises any of the options to terminate the lease. On January 2, 2023, the Company notified the lessor of its intention to exercise the early termination option with respect to approximately 48% of the leased space, effective December 31, 2023. As a result, the Company paid a termination penalty of approximately $5.2 million to exercise the option in the first quarter of 2023.

NOTE 17 - COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Litigation and Regulatory Matters

The Company is currently subject to, and may in the future be involved in, various litigation matters, legal claims, investigations, and regulatory proceedings.

The Company received Civil Investigative Demands (“CIDs”) from the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (“CFPB”), as well as subpoenas from Attorneys General from multiple states, seeking the production of information related to, among other things, Cash App’s handling of customer complaints and disputes. In December 2023, the CFPB notified the Company, pursuant to the CFPB’s discretionary Notice and Opportunity to Respond and Advise (“NORA”) process, that the CFPB’s Office of Enforcement is considering recommending that the CFPB take legal action against the Company related to the topics addressed in its CIDs. The Company promptly responded to the CFPB. In July 2024, the CFPB's Enforcement Division advised the Company that it had obtained authority to either settle this matter or pursue an enforcement action. The Company continues to cooperate and intends to engage in conversations with the CFPB to determine if this matter can be settled on acceptable terms. Additionally, in June 2024, the state Attorneys General presented the Company with the results of their investigations. The Company responded and continues to cooperate with the state Attorneys General. The Company is unable to predict the likely outcome of these matters and cannot provide any assurance that the CFPB or state Attorneys General will not ultimately take legal action against the Company or that the outcome of these matters will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

The Company has accrued a liability for an estimated amount in connection with the CFPB CIDs in accordance with ASC 450-20, Contingencies: Loss Contingencies. The accrued amount was not material as of June 30, 2024. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from litigation and regulatory proceedings and adjusts the financial statements based on such assessments. The eventual outcome of these matters may differ materially from the estimates the Company has currently accrued in the financial statements.

The Company also received inquiries from the SEC and Department of Justice (“DOJ”) shortly after the publication of a short seller report in March 2023. In July 2024, the Company received a follow-on inquiry from the SEC. The Company believes these inquiries primarily relate to the allegations raised in the short seller report, the Company’s compliance and risk practices, and related disclosures. The Company continues to cooperate with both agencies. The Company is unable to predict the likely outcome of these matters and cannot provide any assurance that the SEC or DOJ will not ultimately take legal action against the Company or that the outcome of any such action, if brought, will not have a material adverse effect on the Company.

In June 2024, the Office of the Treasurer and Tax Collector of the City and County of San Francisco (the "Tax Collector") finalized its audit and issued an assessment of San Francisco’s gross receipts tax, including interest and penalties, following its gross receipt tax audit for fiscal years 2020, 2021 and 2022. The Tax Collector has asserted that incremental taxes are owed on a portion of the receipts generated by the Company related to sales of Bitcoin. The Company strongly disagrees with the Tax Collector’s assessment and plans to vigorously pursue all available remedies. The Company will be required to pay such assessment prior to pursuing litigation on this matter. Should the Company not reach a settlement or prevail in its legal challenge, the Tax Collector may challenge the Company’s gross receipts tax position going forward, including for 2023 and 2024. The Company estimates that it could incur losses associated with taxes, interest, and penalties that range from approximately $0 to $76 million in the aggregate for the fiscal years 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024. Additional taxes, interest, and penalties for future periods could be material as well. Given the Company has currently concluded that a loss for this matter is not probable, the Company has not recorded a liability for the exposure related to the dispute with the Tax Collector on San Francisco’s gross receipts tax.

In addition, the Company is subject to various legal matters, investigations, subpoenas, inquiries, audits, claims, lawsuits and disputes, including with regulatory bodies and governmental agencies. The Company cannot at this time fairly estimate a reasonable range of exposure, if any, of the potential liability, if any, with respect to any of these other matters. Although the Company may be subject to an adverse decision or settlement, it does not believe that the final disposition of any of these other matters will have a material adverse effect on its results of operations, financial position, or liquidity. However, the Company cannot give any assurance regarding the ultimate outcome of any of these matters, and their resolution could be material to the Company's operating results.

Purchase Commitments

From time to time, we may enter into non-cancelable purchase obligations related to cloud computing infrastructure. The commitment amounts in the table below are associated with contracts that are enforceable and legally binding and that specify all significant terms, including fixed or minimum services to be used, and the approximate timing of the actions under the contracts.

As of June 30, 2024, the future minimum payments under the purchase commitments were as follows (in thousands):

Payments Due By Period
Remainder of 2024$107,581
2025316,425
2026263,300
2027315,100
Total$1,002,406

Other Contingencies

The Company is under examination, or may be subject to examination, by several tax authorities. These examinations may lead to proposed adjustments to the Company's taxes or net operating losses with respect to years under examination, as well as subsequent periods. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood of adverse outcomes resulting from tax examinations to determine the adequacy of the Company's provision for direct and indirect taxes. The Company continues to monitor the progress of ongoing discussions with tax authorities and the effect, if any, on the Company's provision for direct and indirect taxes.

Management believes that an adequate provision has been made for any adjustments that may result from tax examinations. However, the outcome of tax audits cannot be predicted with certainty. If any issues addressed in the Company's tax audits are resolved in a manner not consistent with the Company’s expectations, the Company could be required to adjust the Company's provision for direct and indirect taxes in the period such resolution occurs.

NOTE 18 - SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

The Company reports its segments to reflect the manner in which the Company's CODM reviews and assesses performance. Accordingly, the Company has two reportable segments, Square and Cash App. In the fourth quarter of 2023, the Company reorganized its business structure and moved the business activities, management, and the financial results of the Company's BNPL platform fully into Cash App. Accordingly, the segment results below include the financial results of the BNPL platform solely within the Cash App segment. Products and services that are not assigned to a specific reportable segment, including but not limited to TIDAL and other emerging ecosystems, are aggregated and presented within a general Corporate and Other category. Square and Cash App are defined as follows:

  • Cash App includes the financial tools available to individuals within the mobile Cash App, including peer-to-peer payments, bitcoin and stock investments. Cash App also includes Cash App Card which is linked to customer stored balances that customers can use to pay for purchases or withdraw funds from an ATM. Cash App also includes the BNPL platform.

  • Square includes managed payment services, software solutions, hardware, and financial services offered to sellers, excluding those that involve Cash App.

The primary financial measures used by the CODM to evaluate performance and allocate resources are revenue and gross profit. The CODM does not evaluate performance or allocate resources based on segment asset data, and therefore such information is not included. The following tables present information on the reportable segments revenue and segment gross profit (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30, 2024Six Months Ended June 30, 2024
Cash AppSquareCorporate and Other (i)TotalCash AppSquareCorporate and Other (i)Total
Revenue:
Transaction-based revenue$98,912$1,614,055$—$1,712,967$208,131$3,016,045$—$3,224,176
Subscription and services-based revenue1,418,172322,61747,1041,787,8932,750,732618,835100,6203,470,187
Hardware revenue—42,81814242,960—74,64881375,461
Bitcoin revenue2,611,743——2,611,7435,342,867——5,342,867
Segment revenue$4,128,827$1,979,490$47,246$6,155,563$8,301,730$3,709,528$101,433$12,112,691
Segment gross profit (ii)$1,298,944$922,584$11,952$2,233,480$2,557,470$1,742,857$27,626$4,327,953
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023Six Months Ended June 30, 2023
Cash AppSquareCorporate and Other (i)TotalCash AppSquareCorporate and Other (i)Total
Revenue:
Transaction-based revenue$133,741$1,503,913$—$1,637,654$268,404$2,791,955$—$3,060,359
Subscription and services-based revenue1,148,540262,87850,0791,461,4972,234,288492,762100,6712,827,721
Hardware revenue—44,922—44,922—82,373—82,373
Bitcoin revenue2,390,884——2,390,8844,554,635——4,554,635
Segment revenue$3,673,165$1,811,713$50,079$5,534,957$7,057,327$3,367,090$100,671$10,525,088
Segment gross profit (ii)$1,052,285$804,033$9,783$1,866,101$2,062,238$1,495,601$22,846$3,580,685

(i) Corporate and Other represents results related to products and services that are not assigned to a specific reportable segment, and intersegment eliminations.

(ii) Segment gross profit for Cash App for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 included $13.6 million and $27.4 million of amortization of acquired technology assets expense, respectively. Segment gross profit for Cash App for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 included $14.3 million and $28.6 million of amortization of acquired technology assets expense, respectively. Segment gross profit for Square for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 included $2.2 million and $4.7 million of amortization of acquired technology assets expense, respectively. Segment gross profit for Square for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 included $2.7 million and $5.4 million of amortization of acquired technology assets expense, respectively. Amortization of acquired technology assets expense included in Corporate and Other was immaterial for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023.

The following table provides a reconciliation of total segment gross profit to the Company’s income (loss) before applicable income taxes (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
Total segment gross profit$2,233,480$1,866,101$4,327,953$3,580,685
Less: Product development713,163694,6721,433,7371,321,609
Less: Sales and marketing507,562537,607951,4471,033,618
Less: General and administrative473,568549,293944,828982,118
Less: Transaction, loan, and consumer receivable losses191,812179,771357,541307,667
Less: Amortization of customer and other intangible assets40,81336,86584,09573,952
Less: Interest income, net(1,871)(3,944)(20,616)(7,105)
Less: Other expense (income), net59,532(14,635)(178,292)(92,352)
Income (loss) before applicable income taxes$248,901$(113,528)$755,213$(38,822)

Revenue

Revenue by geography is based on the addresses of the sellers or customers. The following table details revenue by geographic area (in thousands):

Three Months Ended June 30,Six Months Ended June 30,
2024202320242023
United States$5,731,874$5,171,558$11,298,171$9,836,193
International423,689363,399814,520688,895
Total$6,155,563$5,534,957$12,112,691$10,525,088

No individual country from the international markets contributed more than 10% of total revenue for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and June 30, 2023.

Long-Lived Assets

The following table details long-lived assets by geography (in thousands):

June 30, 2024December 31, 2023
United States$7,462,022$7,570,973
Australia4,647,3294,761,535
Other international1,870,7301,889,490
Total$13,980,081$14,221,998

Assets by reportable segment were not included, as this information is not reviewed by the CODM to make operating decisions or allocate resources and is reviewed on a consolidated basis.

NOTE 19 - SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

The supplemental disclosures of cash flow information consist of the following (in thousands):

Six Months Ended June 30,
20242023
Supplemental cash flow data:
Cash paid for interest$72,217$63,251
Cash paid for income taxes131,40650,301
Supplemental disclosures of non-cash investing and financing activities:
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease obligations$13,948$1,901
Purchases of property and equipment in accounts payable and accrued expenses2,6994,452

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