Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules:

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Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules:

(a)The following documents are filed as part of this report:

1.Financial statements from IBM’s 2024 Annual Report to Stockholders, which are incorporated herein by reference:

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm ‒ PCAOB Firm ID 238 (pages 44 through 45).

Consolidated Income Statement for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (page 46).

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (page 47).

Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2024 and 2023 (page 48).

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (page 49).

Consolidated Statement of Equity at December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 (pages 50 through 51).

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (pages 52 through 121).

2.Financial statement schedule required to be filed by Item 8 of this Form:

PageSchedule Number
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Financial Statement Schedule.
S-1IIValuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022.

All other schedules are omitted as the required matter is not present, the amounts are not significant or the information is shown in the Consolidated Financial Statements or the notes thereto.

3.Exhibits:

Reference Number per Item 601 of Regulation S-KDescription of ExhibitsExhibit Number in this Form 10-K
(3)Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws
The Certificate of Incorporation of IBM, is Exhibit 3.1 to Form 10-K, filed February 22, 2022, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The By-Laws of IBM, as amended through April 30, 2024, is Exhibit 3.2 to Form 10-Q, filed April 30, 2024, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
(4)Instruments defining the rights of security holders
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 7.00% Debentures due 2025 and the 7.00% Debentures due 2045 are Exhibits 2 and 3, respectively, to Form 8-K, filed on October 30, 1995, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instrument defining the rights of the holders of the 7.125% Debentures due 2096 is Exhibit 4.2 to Form 8-K/A, filed on December 6, 1996, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The instrument defining the rights of the holders of the 6.22% Debentures due 2027 is Exhibit 3 to Form 8-K, filed on August 1, 1997, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The instrument defining the rights of the holders of the 6.50% Debentures due 2028 is Exhibit 2 to Form 8-K, filed on January 8, 1998, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The instrument defining the rights of the holders of the 5.875% Debentures due 2032 is Exhibit 3 to Form 8 K, filed on November 26, 2002, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The instrument defining the rights of the holders of the 2.875% Notes due 2025 is Exhibit 3 to Form 8-K, filed November 6, 2013, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 3.450% Notes due 2026 and the 4.700% Notes due 2046 are Exhibits 4.4 and 4.5 to Form 8-K, filed February 18, 2016, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instrument defining the rights of the holders of the 1.750% Notes due 2028 is Exhibit 4.3 to Form 8-K, filed March 4, 2016, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The instrument defining the rights of the holders of the 0.300% Notes due 2026 is Exhibit 4 to Form 8-K, filed November 1, 2016, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 3.300% Notes due 2027 is Exhibit 4.4 to Form 8-K, filed January 26, 2017, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 0.950% Notes due 2025, and the 1.500% Notes due 2029 are Exhibits 4.1 and 4.2 to Form 8-K, filed May 22, 2017, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 1.250% Notes due 2027 and the 1.750% Notes due 2031 are Exhibits 4.3 and 4.4 to Form 8-K, filed January 30, 2019, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 3.300% Notes due 2026, the 3.500% Notes due 2029, the 4.150% Notes due 2039 and the 4.250% Notes due 2049 are Exhibits 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8 to Form 8-K, filed May 14, 2019, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 0.300% Notes due 2028, the 0.650% Notes due 2032 and the 1.200% Notes due 2040 are Exhibits 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 to Form 8-K, filed February 10, 2020, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 1.700% Notes due 2027, the 1.950% Notes due 2030, the 2.850% Notes due 2040 and the 2.950% Notes due 2050 are Exhibits 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 to Form 8-K, filed May 6, 2020, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 0.875% Notes due 2030, the 1.250% Notes due 2034, the 2.200% Notes due 2027, the 2.720% Notes due 2032 and the 3.430% Notes due 2052 are Exhibits 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5 to Form 8-K, filed February 8, 2022, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 4.000% Notes due 2025, the 4.150% Notes due 2027, the 4.400% Notes due 2032 and the 4.900% Notes due 2052 are Exhibits 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 and 4.4 to Form 8-K, filed July 26, 2022, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 3.375% Notes due 2027, the 3.625% Notes due 2031, the 3.750% Notes due 2035, the 4.000% Notes due 2043, the 4.875% Notes due 2038, the 4.500% Notes due 2026, the 4.500% Notes due 2028, the 4.750% Notes due 2033 and the 5.100% Notes due 2053 are Exhibits 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8 and 4.9 to Form 8-K, filed February 3, 2023, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 4.700% Notes due 2026, the 4.600% Notes due 2027, the 4.600% Notes due 2029, the 4.750% Notes due 2031, the 4.900% Notes due 2034, the 5.250% Notes due 2044 and the 5.300% Notes due 2054 are Exhibits 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7 and 4.8 to Form 8-K, filed February 2, 2024, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
The instruments defining the rights of the holders of the 2.900% Notes due 2030, the 3.150% Notes due 2033, the 3.450% Notes due 2037, the 3.800% Notes due 2045, the 4.650% Notes due 2028, the 4.800% Notes due 2030, the 5.000% Notes due 2032, the 5.200% Notes due 2035 and the 5.700% Notes due 2055 are Exhibits 4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, and 4.9 to Form 8-K, filed February 7, 2025, and are hereby incorporated by reference.
Indenture dated as of October 1, 1993 between IBM and The Bank of New York Mellon, (as successor to The Chase Manhattan Bank (National Association)) as Trustee, is Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
First Supplemental Indenture to Indenture dated as of October 1, 1993 between IBM and The Bank of New York Mellon, (as successor to The Chase Manhattan Bank (National Association)) as Trustee, dated as of December 15, 1995, is Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2017, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
Indenture dated as of February 2, 2024, between IBM International Capital Pte. Ltd., International Business Machines Corporation, as guarantor, and The Band of New York Mellon, as trustee, is Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K, filed February 2, 2024, and is hereby incorporated by reference.
Description of Securities Registered under Section 12 of the Exchange Act.4.1
(10)Material contracts
The IBM 2001 Long-Term Performance Plan, a compensatory plan, contained in Registration Statement No. 333-87708 on Form S-8, as such amended plan was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
The IBM PWCC Acquisition Long-Term Performance Plan, a compensatory plan, contained in Registration Statement No. 333-102872 on Form S-8, as such amended plan was filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
The IBM Red Hat Acquisition Long-Term Performance Plan, a compensatory plan, contained in Registration Statement No. 333-232585 of Form S-8, as such amended plan was filed as Exhibit 4.8 to Form S-8 POS, filed on December 18, 2020, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
The IBM 1999 Long-Term Performance Plan, a compensatory plan, contained in Registration Statement No. 333-30424 on Form S-8, as such amended plan was filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2007, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
The VMTurbo, Inc. Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Plan, a compensatory plan, contained in Registration Statement No. 333-259965 on Form S-8, as such amended and restated plan was filed as Exhibit 4.3 to Form S-8, filed on October 1, 2021, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Terms and Conditions of LTPP equity award agreements was filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2019, and is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Forms of equity award agreements for stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, cash-settled restricted stock units and SARS, as well as the Terms and Conditions of LTPP Equity Awards, effective July 15, 2019, in connection with the foregoing award agreements, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2019, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Forms of LTPP equity award agreements for (i) stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, cash-settled restricted stock units, SARS, and (ii) performance share units, as well as the Terms and Conditions of LTPP Equity Awards, effective October 1, 2019, in connection with the foregoing award agreements, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2019, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of LTPP equity award agreement for performance share units and the terms and conditions of LTPP Equity Awards, effective December 17, 2019, in connection with the foregoing award agreements, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of LTPP equity award agreement for performance share units and the terms and conditions of LTPP Equity Awards, effective March 2, 2020, in connection with the foregoing award agreements, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2020, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Terms and Conditions of IBM LTPP Equity Awards, effective June 1, 2020, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2020, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Terms and Conditions of IBM LTPP Equity Awards, effective June 1, 2023, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of LTPP equity award agreement for performance share unites, effective, January 1, 2021, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 1, 2021, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Forms of LTPP equity award agreements for (i) stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, cash-settled restricted stock units, SARS, (ii) performance share units and (iii) retention restricted stock unit awards, effective June 1, 2021, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2021, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Forms of LTPP equity award agreements for (i) stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, cash-settled restricted stock units, SARS, and (ii) performance share units, as well as the Terms and Conditions of LTPP Equity Awards, effective January 1, 2022, in connection with the foregoing award agreements, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Forms of LTPP equity award agreements for (i) stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, cash-settled restricted stock units, SARS, and (ii) performance share units, as well as the Terms and Conditions of LTPP Equity Awards, effective February 1, 2023, in connection with the foregoing award agreements, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Forms of LTPP equity award agreements for (i) stock options, restricted stock units, cash-settled restricted stock units, SARS, (ii) retention restricted stock units, cash-settled retention restricted stock units, and (iii) performance share units, as well as the Terms and Conditions of LTPP Equity Awards, effective July 1, 2023, in connection with the foregoing award agreements, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Forms of LTPP equity award agreements for (i) stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, cash-settled restricted stock units, SARs, (ii) performance share units, and (iii) retention restricted stock unit awards, cash-settled retention restricted stock units, effective February 19, 2024, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Terms and Conditions of IBM LTPP Equity Awards, effective April 1, 2024, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2024, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Annual Incentive Program, effective January 1, 2023, as amended through January 1, 2024, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Board of Directors compensatory plans, as described under the caption “Governance of the Board—Director Compensation” in IBM’s definitive Proxy Statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission and delivered to stockholders in connection with the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held April 29, 2025, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
The IBM Board of Directors Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation and Equity Award Plan, a compensatory plan, as amended and restated effective January 1, 2014, which was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013, and is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Amendment No. 1 to the Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation and Equity Award Plan, effective January 30, 2018, which was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Amendment No. 2 to the Amended and Restated Deferred Compensation and Equity Award Plan, effective December 13, 2022, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, are hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
The IBM Supplemental Executive Retention Plan, a compensatory plan, as amended and restated through December 31, 2008, which was filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Amendment No. 1 to the IBM Supplemental Executive Retention Plan, a compensatory plan, effective December 9, 2014, which was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014, and is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Amendment No. 2 to the IBM Supplemental Executive Retention Plan, a compensatory plan, effective December 31, 2023, which was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, and is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
The IBM Excess Savings Plan, a compensatory plan (formerly the IBM Excess 401(k) Plus Plan), as amended and restated through January 1, 2024, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, is hereby incorporated by reference (1)
The IBM 2014 Employees Stock Purchase Plan contained in Registration Statement 333-190160 on Form S-8, as such plan was filed as Exhibit 4 to Form S-8, filed on June 13, 2014, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2012, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2016, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2018, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2020, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Form of Noncompetition Agreement. (1)10.1
Form of Noncompetition Agreement. (1)10.2
Letter Agreement, signed by Gary Cohn and IBM, dated December 24, 2020, filed as Exhibit 10.3 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
Letter Agreement, signed by Gary Cohn, dated December 24, 2020, filed as Exhibit 10.4 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, is hereby incorporated by reference. (1)
$2,500,000,000 Three-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 22, 2021, among International Business Machines Corporation, the Subsidiary Borrowers parties thereto, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties to such agreement, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, BNP Paribas, Citibank N.A. and Royal Bank of Canada, as Syndication Agents, and the Documentation Agents named therein, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, filed June 25, 2021, is hereby incorporated by reference.
Amendment No. 1 to Three-Year Credit Agreement dated as of June 30, 2022, among International Business Machines Corporation, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties to such agreement and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, filed July 1, 2022, is hereby incorporated by reference.
Confirmation of Termination Date Extension dated June 17, 2024 to $2,500,000,000 Three-Year Credit Agreement dated as of June 22, 2021 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 to Three-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2022), among IBM, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, BNP Paribas, Citibank N.A. and Royal Bank of Canada, as Syndication Agents, and the Documentation Agents named therein, filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, filed June 17, 2024, is hereby incorporated by reference
$7,500,000,000 Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 22, 2021, among International Business Machines Corporation, the Subsidiary Borrowers parties thereto, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties to such agreement, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, BNP Paribas, Citibank, N.A. and Royal Bank of Canada, as Syndication Agents, and the Documentation Agents named therein, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K, filed June 25, 2021, is hereby incorporated by reference.
Amendment No. 1 to Five-Year Credit Agreement dated as of June 30, 2022, among International Business Machines Corporation, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties to such agreement and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K, filed July 1, 2022, is hereby incorporated by reference.
Confirmation of Termination Date Extension dated June 17, 2024 to $7,500,000,000 Five-Year Credit Agreement dated as of June 22, 2021 (as amended by Amendment No. 1 to Five-Year Credit Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2022), among IBM, the several banks and other financial institutions from time to time parties thereto, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, BNP Paribas, Citibank N.A. and Royal Bank of Canada, as Syndication Agents, and the Documentation Agents named therein, filed as Exhibit 10.2 to Form 8-K, filed June 17, 2024, is hereby incorporated by reference
(13)Annual Report to Security Holders (2)13
(19)Securities Trading Policy19
(21)Subsidiaries of the registrant21
(22)Subsidiary Issuer of Guaranteed Securities, filed as Exhibit 22 for the quarter ended March 31, 2024, is hereby incorporated by reference.
(23)Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm23.1
(24)Powers of attorney24.1
Resolution of the IBM Board of Directors authorizing execution of this Annual Report on Form 10-K by Powers of Attorney24.2
(31)Certification by CEO pursuant to Rule 13A-14(a) or 15D-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.31.1
Certification by CFO pursuant to Rule 13A-14(a) or 15D-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.31.2
(32)Certification by CEO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.32.1
Certification by CFO pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.32.2
(97)International Business Machines Corporation Executive Officer Compensation Recovery Policy, filed as Exhibit 97 to Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023, is hereby incorporated by reference.
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(1) Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.

(2) The Performance Graphs, set forth on page 122 of IBM’s 2024 Annual Report to Stockholders, are deemed to be furnished but not filed.

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