Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We provide disclosure regarding derivative activity in Note 7 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. We discuss our market risk and risk policies in detail in “Part II – Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in the Annual Report.

COMMODITY PRICE RISK

Sempra Infrastructure is exposed to commodity price risk indirectly through its LNG, natural gas pipelines and storage, and power-generating assets. In the first six months of 2024, a hypothetical 10% change in commodity prices would have resulted in a change in the fair value of our commodity-based natural gas and electricity derivatives of $24 million at June 30, 2024 compared to $14 million at December 31, 2023.

The one-day value at risk for SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ commodity positions were both $1 million at June 30, 2024 compared to $2 million and $4 million, respectively, at December 31, 2023.

INTEREST RATE RISK

The table below shows the nominal amount of our debt:

(1) After the effects of interest rate swaps. Before reductions for unamortized discount and debt issuance costs and excluding finance lease obligations.

An interest rate risk sensitivity analysis measures interest rate risk by calculating the estimated changes in earnings attributable to common shares (but disregarding capitalized interest and impacts on equity earnings from debt at our equity method investees) that would result from a hypothetical change in market interest rates. Earnings attributable to common shares are affected by changes in interest rates on short-term debt and variable-rate long-term debt. If weighted-average interest rates on short-term debt outstanding at June 30, 2024 increased or decreased by 10%, the change in earnings attributable to common shares over the 12-month period ending June 30, 2025 would be approximately $8 million. If interest rates increased or decreased by 10% on all variable-rate long-term debt at June 30, 2024, after considering the effects of interest rate swaps, the change in earnings attributable to common shares over the 12-month period ending June 30, 2025 would be approximately $3 million.

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FOREIGN CURRENCY EXCHANGE RATE RISK AND INFLATION EXPOSURE

We discuss our foreign currency exchange rate risk and inflation exposure in “Part I – Item 2. MD&A – Impact of Foreign Currency and Inflation Rates on Results of Operations” in this report and in “Part II – Item 7. MD&A – Impact of Foreign Currency and Inflation Rates on Results of Operations” in the Annual Report. At June 30, 2024, there were no significant changes to our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate risk since December 31, 2023.

In 2023 and 2024 to date, SDG&E and SoCalGas have experienced inflationary pressures from increases in various costs, including the cost of natural gas, electric fuel and purchased power, labor, materials and supplies, as well as availability of labor and materials. Sempra Texas Utilities has experienced increased costs, including labor and contractor related costs as well as higher insurance premiums, and does not have specific regulatory mechanisms that allow for recovery of higher non-reconcilable costs due to inflation; rather, recovery is limited to rate updates through capital trackers and base rate reviews, which may result in partial non-recovery due to the regulatory lag. If such costs continue to be subject to significant inflationary pressures and we are not able to fully recover such higher costs in rates or there is a delay in recovery, these increased costs may have a significant effect on Sempra’s, SDG&E’s and SoCalGas’ results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and/or prospects.

Sempra Infrastructure has experienced inflationary pressures from increases in various costs, including the cost of labor, materials and supplies. Sempra Infrastructure generally secures long-term contracts that are U.S. dollar-denominated or referenced and are periodically adjusted for market factors, including inflation, and Sempra Infrastructure generally enters into lump-sum contracts for its large construction projects in which much of the risk during construction is absorbed or hedged by the EPC contractor. If additional costs become subject to significant inflationary pressures, we may not be able to fully recover such higher costs through contractual adjustments for inflation, which may have a significant effect on Sempra’s results of operations, financial condition, cash flows and/or prospects.