Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence.

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The information required by this Item 13 is included under the captions “Corporate Governance – Related Person Transaction Policy,” “Corporate Governance – Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions of Directors, Executive Officers, and 5 Percent Stockholders,” and “Corporate Governance – Director Independence” in the 2017 Proxy Statement, and that information is incorporated by reference in this Form 10-K.